POLITEKNIK SULTAN MIZAN ZAINAL ABIDIN

KOD KURSUS PROGRAM

: JA 505 : AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS : DAD5-S2

POLITEKNIK SULTAN MIZAN ZAINAL ABIDIN

COURSE

INST DURATION : 15 WEEKS

CREDITS :2

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES

: JA505 AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS

PRE REQUISITE :JA303 AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRICAL

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

Upon completion this course students should be able to 1. Explain the function and basic principle of automotive electronic system 2. Sketch the circuit, component & explain the working principles of automotive electronic system 3. Identify and solve the problems related to the automotive electronic systems

SYLLABUS
SUMMARY
Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Electronic Principle Electronic Systems Cruise Control System System of Body Electronic Data Bus System Anti theft protection systems immobilizer Electronic stability program

Chapter 8 Chapter 9

Brake by Wire System Electronic Throttle control

CHAPTER 1

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES

Assessment The course assessment is carried out in 2 sections; i) Coursework (CA) ii) Final Examination (FE)
Assessment Method Test (2) Quiz (4) Discussion (2) Case study (2) 40 % 20% 20% 20%

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Basic Electronic Principle

The branch of engineering which deal with current conduction through a vacuum or gas or semi conductor is known as Electronics The word of electronics derives its name from electron present in all material The electronic devices capable of performing the following functions;

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
i) Rectification The conversion from AC into DC DC supply can be used for charging storage batteries, field supply of DC generators & etc

DC generators

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
ii) Amplification The process of raising the strength of weak signal is known as amplification It can accomplish the job of amplification & thus act as amplifier. e.g: Radio &television

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
iii) Control Electronic devices find wide application in automatic control For example speed of motor. Voltage across a refrigerator can be automatically controlled with the help of such devices

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
iv) Generation Electronic devices can convert from AC power to DC power of any frequency. Known as oscillator The oscillator used in variety of ways eg: Used in Electronic high frequency heating is used for annealing & hardening

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
v) Conversion of light into electric Electronic devices can convert light into electricity. Also known as photo electricity Usually used in burglar alarms, sound recording on motion pictures iv) Conversion of electricity into light Electronic devices can convert electricity into light. Usually utilized in television & radar

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
S.I Fundamental Units

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Some Important Magnetic Units

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Scientific & Engineering Notation Very large and very small numbers are represented with scientific and engineering notation.

47,000,000 = 4.7 x 107 (Scientific Notation)

= 47. x 106 (Engineering Notation)

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Scientific & Engineering Notation 0.000 027 = 2.7 x 10-5 (Scientific Notation)

= 27 x 10-6 (Eng Notation)

0.605

= 6.05 x 10-1 (Scientific Notation)

= 605 x 10-3 (Eng Notation)

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Engineering Metrix
P T
peta
tera giga mega kilo 1015 1012

m m n p

milli
micro nano pico femto

10-3
10-6 10-9 10-12 10-15

G
M k

109
106 103

Large

Small

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Metric Conversion When converting from a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point to the right. Remember, a smaller unit means the number must be larger. Smaller unit 0.47 MW = 470 kW

Larger number

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Metric Conversion When converting from a smaller unit to a larger unit, move the decimal point to the left. Remember, a larger unit means the number must be smaller. Larger unit 10,000 pF = 0.01 mF

Smaller number

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Atomic structure The electron theory assumes that all electrical and electronic effects are due to the movement of electrons from one place to another. An atom is the smallest particle of a chemical element and is made up of several subatomic particles: electrons, protons, and neutrons.

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Atomic structure Protons and neutrons make up a dense, massive atomic nucleus in the center of the atom and are collectively called nucleons. Orbiting the nucleus in energy levels, or shells, are the electrons.

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Atomic structure

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Electric charge

Electric charge is a property of certain subatomic particles that interact with electromagnetic fieldsand causes attraction and repulsion forces between them. Protons have a +ve electrical charge while electrons have a -ve electrical charge. Neutrons remain neutral.

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Faradays Law
Any change in the magnetic field around a coil of wire will cause an emf (voltage) to be induced in the coil. The change could be produced by changing the magnetic field strength, moving the magnetic field towards or away from the coil, moving the coil in or out of the magnetic field, rotating the coil relative to the magnetic field and so on

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Faradays Law

Where: V = Voltage generated in volts N =Number of turns on the coil B = Magnetic field strength in webbers per metre squared (teslas) A = Area of the pole perpendicular to the field in metres squared t =time in seconds

Michael Faraday was a British physicist and chemist, well known for his discoveries of electromagnetic induction and of the laws of electrolysis.

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Faradays Law of induction
a) Current induced in the loop b) No Current induced in the loop c) No Current induced in the loop o Faradays experiment demonstrates that an electric current is induced in the loop by changing the magnetic field. o The coil behaves as if it were connected to an emf source. Experimentally it is found that the induced emf depends on the rate of change of magnetic flux through the coil.

Electromagnetic Induction

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Stepper motor

A stepper motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical movements. The shaft or spindle of a stepper motor rotates in discrete step increments when electrical command pulses are applied to it in the proper sequence.

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Stepper motor

Working Principle

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Stepper motor

Stepper motors consist of a permanent magnet rotating shaft, called the rotor, and electromagnets on the stationary portion that surrounds the motor, called the stator Type of stepper motor Variable Reluctance Permanent Magnet Motors Hybrid Motors

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Stepper motor
Consists of a soft iron multi-toothed rotor and a wound stator. When the stator windings are energized with DC current the poles become magnetized. Rotation occurs when the rotor teeth are attracted to the energized stator

Variable reluctant

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Stepper motor
Higher starting torque & also have holding stock when not energized Permanent magnet motor have step angles of 450 180 ,150 or 7.50 Rotation occurs when the rotor teeth are attracted to the energized stator

Permanent Magnet

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
Stepper motor

Combination of previous two motors to develop try to combine the high speed operation & good resolution of variable reluctant type with the better torque properties of the permanent magnet motors

Hybrid