What is learning?

What is learning?


Behaviorism

S > RSR

Cognitivism

/////
//
Humanism

emotional development
SRinformation processing

 Ivan Pavlov

1904

 Ivan Petrovich
Pavlov, 1849-1936


1870
1879
1890Pavlov

 Pavlov12

Victor

1936

Pavlovs Classical Conditioning

1849-1936

(learning through stimulus substitution)

 Pavlov(Pavlov

Pavlovs Classical Conditioning

()

UCS (unconditioned stimulus)

/
UCR (unconditioned response)
/
CS (conditioned stimulus)
/
CR (conditioned response)
/

Activity:

John Watson

(1930)

John B. Watson18781958

11

Watsons Behaviorism (environmentalism)

Watsons Behaviorism (environmentalism)

1878-1958
5.

6. Pavlov>
>
7.
>
8. Pavlov Watson
contiguity S>R
()

Thorndikes Connectionism

SR
stamping in S-R bond
stamping out S-R bond

S-R

Thorndike

Thorndikes Connectionism

puzzle box
1.
2.S>R :
S-R bond
S-R bond

S-R bond
S-R bond
S-R bond

3. transfer of learning

Skinners Operant Conditioning

() 1904-1990

Respondent Behavior
/
Operant Behavior

SR

Burrhus Fredric Skinner

Skinner

1904

1928

Skinner
Box

Skinner Box

Skinners Box

/ punishment

e.g.

e.g.

penalty
/

e.g.

e.g.

Katie

Katie

Linda

Activity

Penaltypunishment

8070 60

/
/

>/

contingent reinforcement

SD

SR

/schedule of reinforcement

15

1H/2000

30
6

The best schedule of reinforcement

/

 /
shaping /successive approximation

eg.

Activity:

Shaping

Bandura Walters
/

Bandura Walters

 Albert Bandura1925
Mundare

1951

1953

Bandura

1.

model

2.

3.

4.

Model

superman

5. Sources

of
Reinforcement in Imitation
1)
He is doing just like his father
2
say milk and get milk
3

SKIILottery

6. (The

Effects of

Imitation)

 Lord of dance

Attentional Process

Retentional Process

Motor reproduction process

Motivational process

>
>
>


Pavlov

/
/
/

Thorndike

Skinner
/

1.
2.
3.

Bandura

self-regulation

>>

Activity