• Embed Doc
  • Readcast
  • Collections
  • CommentGo Back
 
Knowledge Management at Scandinavian AirlinesBernhard Rickardsen, Senior vice President Human Resources, SAS 
Bernard was born in Norway and served a mandatory military in the Royal NorwegianNavy as a petty officer and instructor in tactical training. He has also previouslyworked in the retail sector and as a Social Worker. He joined Scandinavian Airlinesin 1981 and in 1993 was appointed the Corporate Head of Human Resources and amember of the Management Core. He's the Chairman of the committee responsiblefor People Policies Training and Internal Communications at the Star Alliance. He'sthe Chairman of the Board of the SAS Flight Academy, and a member of the board of the SAS's commuter airline.So we’re reverting to some old technology here, I'm not a technophobe, but at timesI'm a techno bore, which means that I'm so bored about hearing about it so lets see if it works. First a very small lesson in Swedish, what it says he is that the new SASwe changed our livery just last fall, and we're doing our whole change internallywithin our organisation with people, how things look, but mainly the way we work andknowledge management, of course, is an integral part of that. Now when you see allthese colours, what I feel like telling you about here, is that these red engines issomething like engines are not supposed to red, that's sort of dangerous isn't it.While red's a warm heart and blue's a cool head. So I think that is a goodcombination when we talk about knowledge management. The topic of my speech ishard to devolve a culture well, I think that what Lia told us about the way BritishAirways work with this is to ride piggy back on other initiatives. I think that was a verygood way of saying it, because when you try to introduce something like knowledgemanagement, like a conscious way of doing things, I don't think the grand scheme toroll out this big big plan and have top management being very focused on it, that'snot usually the most successful way of doing it. There are lots of initiatives going onin the organisation, if you can pull together those initiatives and try to, as she said,ride piggy back on it, to my experience that's a much more successful way of introducing something that makes people think a ha so that's the way we should lookat that, wow that's a good idea, I could do something over here may be that fits intothe picture. So the culture consists of the thinking, the language and the actual wayof doing things and that's the approach we have taken to knowledge management. Alot of things happen within Scandinavia when it comes to learning and knowledgemanagement. In Denmark, they're going to set up the learning lab, and they havethis ambition of having a world attractive centre for learning, learning about learning,research about learning processes. And the government and business in Denmarkare in on this together. In Sweden Leif Edvinsson who sold a Scandia InsuranceCompany has done pioneering work in how to assess intellectual capital, how tointellectual capital into the annual report of the companies. Of course my owncountry, Norway, who I was interested to see Bruce's number's this morning, 20.5%of Norwegians are internet users on the top of the list. So a lot of things arehappening within our society and what we're trying to do is to draw the best out of that and put it into independent thinking make our own language out of it, and thenputting it into work, both with tools and in the actual way we run our businessprocesses.But first just a few words about my company. We are 22,500 employee, and we had21.5 Million passengers last year, making us the 14
th
largest airline in the world andit's interesting to see here it says passengers, it doesn’t say customers, because wedon't really know how many customers are behind those numbers, so I think we havea some way to go also in our industry.
 
We're part of this airlines, with a quarter of a million employees and 190 millionpassengers last year, to 700 destinations all over the world. At SAS lots of thingswere happening in the 1980's and it was interesting to hear somebody use thephrase moment of truth. Now that was a phrase that was coined by a former CEOYan Corason (spelling!!! - or it could be young person) in the 1980's a phrase reallypin-pointing the activity going on between the customer and the service delivered.Now what kind of culture for learning and what kind of culture for delivering a servicehave we had. In the 1970s the whole attitude was, do what we tell you to do for thepassengers, and then came this big revolution at the SAS in the 1980s, but it was, dowhat you feel is best for our customers, in the 1990s we sort of lost track of thecustomer, it was cost cutting, it was the Gulf War, it was really focus on internal waysof running the business with a bottom line that was acceptable. So we turn it to dowhat you have to do for the customers, and what we're now moving into and havebeen working for for a few years, and which is really the heart of the new SAS, dowhat you know is right for your customer, focusing on the responsibility for theindividual and also focusing on knowledge, it is not only what you think is best for thecustomer, but really you know a lot about your customer, and we will also provide youwith tools so that you can know even more about the customer.What we did in the 1980s was very very pleasing both to the employees and to thecustomers, it was a management strong on charisma and visions, it was a limitlesswhen it comes to freedom to act, but there was little business understanding in that,so when the Customer Service Manager at the airport in Stockholm realised thatthere was a traffic jam due to an accident on the road between the airport and thecity what does she do, she hires a helicopter and brings the customers into town. Of course a wonderful experience for the customers but if you do that now and then, notmuch of the revenue is left. The skills were mostly based on personal experienceand motivation, there was no real training, the training was how do we make thesepeople utilise their skills and utilise their ways of finding out how the customers like tobe treated. And the knowledge, the knowledge transfer that was to have peoplebecome totally immersed in this way of thinking in this charismatic way of makingpeople do whatever is best in their own opinion for the customer. So it was verysuccessful, but it was also very fragile.What we are doing now is figuring out how people will be able to know more aboutthe customers and know more about how they can use the different tools in satisfyingour customers, and also focusing the responsibility for everyone for their owncustomers. So there's a management by challenge, by inspiration, and last but notleast support. Business understanding, we run courses in business simulation andbusiness understanding for first time managers, also for the employees when theyenter the company. Customer knowledge and also the quality standards that definethe opportunities for giving good service. We develop and also bring in newcompetence and new understand of competence to training, communication, learningfrom the colleagues and a desire to know more. And there is a knowledge transfer through methodology, through the infrastructure where the intranet is one vital part of that. Peer pride, realising that I as an employee suddenly have another colleaguehere and how do I make that colleague do the work up to the standard that we like tohave here. We've done a lot to try to unlock this pride in work, pride in service levelsand have people bring their colleagues into that. And the individual responsibility of actually delivering what you know is best for your customers. And we have seensuccess and we've also seen that this is a much more robust way of working thanworking only by charismatic leadership.Now what kind of definition do we have when we talk about competence. When wesay knowledge management in our language, the language that we have defined
 
ourselves based on the thoughts and the insights of other people, we think of knowledge as just one ingredient in our definition of competence, and when we usethe word competence and this then of course has an impact on our training activitiesfor instance we start out with abilities. There's an attitude necessarily, theknowledge, the skills and also the experience. All these make up our definition of competence. In creating a new culture in which competence management wouldthrive and also finding a new robust way of treating customers, learning about how totreat customers and developing their competence we embarked on the journey thathad these ingredients. We started on a culture of swot, looking into the strengths,the weaknesses, the opportunities, the threats, when it comes to the culture aspect of the organisation, and I'll go through all of these a little bit more in detail. From us tome a change in Scandinavia from the collective perspective to a much moreindividualistic perspective shifting the mindset of managers into the mindset of leaders. Developing business understanding all through the organisation, makingtacit knowledge tangible, not only staying inside of our heads but making it visible for others to learn. Focused and frequent dialogue, making information readily available,mainly through the intranet but also inspiring managers to share knowledge, whereasgathering and collecting knowledge was the way to be important before. And ridepiggy back, see opportunities for learning anywhere, everywhere, in all kinds of situations. The culture is what was a particularly interesting activity, it was and of course it is so easy to say 'I think the reason why the situation is this and that is this'and somebody else says 'well I think it is like this' so what we try to do is go behindthose words, go behind those words, go behind those perceptions and go back to our people, because our people are the ones actually owning the reality. It was their experience that is their reality today. Instead of having us in management sit aroundand try to figure our what actually changed over these years, we went back into our organisation and talked to our people. So we systematically gathered informationand we found a few things that were the same things that we had thought, but wealso found other things that were revealing and interesting to understand. And whatwas most interesting to see was that many people were still looking forward tomanagement understanding that the way things had been handled 10 years ago,waiting for management to understand that that was the only right way of doingthings. And when you have that sort of expectation, an expectation of why can't weturn back the clock 10 years and continue where we left off. And we you havemanagement just running off in another direction not even knowing there is a historyin the company obviously there is a very very different, you will have a gap betweenthe expectations within the people and where management impatiently wants to runoff.I mentioned the radically in Scandinavia from the us culture to the me culture, andthis is important in learning as well, as the school system in Scandinavia used to bevery much based on equal opportunity and equal treatment. Meaning that the bestminds did not get those opportunities that perhaps they best minds would getanywhere else. But on the other side the people that were not doing to well inschool, they were not ostracised, so there was this grey evening out of everything.But the thing is that a lost talent, a talent not utilised is such a tragic thing that I'mglad that we're moving towards a situation where we're actually utilising the talentsand powers that people have. And we see this as a drastic change when we nowbring new people into the organisation. Whereas we had many years in the 1980swhere we didn't really hire new people. Now there's a generation gap within theorganisation, there are new people coming in with totally new expectations and totallynew demands, and when they are in training situations they don't say 'oh good sonow I know who to do things' what they say is 'why should I do it this way what don't Ido it that way instead'. Now this has been interesting as it has a strong impact on thepeople in organisations who have been used to working in a special way and take for 
of 00

Leave a Comment

You must be to leave a comment.
Submit
Characters: ...
You must be to leave a comment.
Submit
Characters: ...