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1
 
Executive Summary
Government actions to date have prioritized interacting with banking institutions rather than directly influencingtroubled asset prices:
 — 
The Capital Purchase Program has injected non-common equity capital into the banking system, positivelyimpacting regulatory capital ratios but having little direct impact on troubled asset prices
 — 
Other programs (e.g. TLGP, CPFF) have injected meaningful additional liquidity into banking system. Minimalleverage, however, is available for equity capital allocated to troubled asset markets
To date, banks have executed minimal de-risking, have not attracted meaningful additional common equity capitalor sufficiently increased lending:
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Asset prices have remained significantly depressed given the lack of available leverage for equity capitalcommitted to buying troubled real-estate assets
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Banks, therefore, have retained these assets. This significantly hampers their ability to create transparency ,attract equity capital and increase lending
A government program which provides non-recourse loans for asset markets should have a material impact onaddressing these current challenges and could be an attractive alternative for the "aggregator bank" to explore:
 — 
With appropriate leverage, equity capital could commit to purchase troubled assets at reasonable prices, rather than today’s “firesale” prices
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Banks would then have the ability to more readily divest these assets and, in turn, be able to raise new equitycapital to repair its balance sheet
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This may all be achieved with equity sourced from the private capital markets, creating a market-based pricingmechanism which reduces risk to the taxpayer 
The government provides the senior secured financing while the private market takes the equity risk
 
 
2
 
The Environment We Face
The Negative Feedback Loop
 
 
3
 
The Environment We Face
Preparing for a Deep Cycle: Historical Bank Capital Ratios
Current overall industry tangible common equity levels are low despite total post-TARP being high
4%5%6%7%8%9%10%11%12%13%
     1     9     3     8     1     9     4     3     1     9     4     8     1     9     5     3     1     9     5     8     1     9     6     3     1     9     6     8     1     9     7     3     1     9     7     8     1     9     8     3     1     9     8     8     1     9     9     3     1     9     9     8     2     0     0     3     3      Q     0     8
   T   E   /   T   A  a  n   d   T   C   E   /   T   A    R  a   t   i  o  s
TE/ TATCE / TATier 1 Pro-Forma for TARPTE/TA & TCE/TA 50-year avg (1943-93): 6.8%
3Q08 TE/TA pro-forma for TARP: 8.5%3Q08 Tier 1 pro-forma for TARP: 11.7%3Q08 TCE/TA: 6.1%
 TCE = Tangible Common Equity TE = Tangible Common Equity + Preferred Stock
Source:
Goldman Sachs Research, FDIC, SNL as of 12/08/08.

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