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Shadows of the colonial past - diverging plant use in Northern Peru andSouthern Ecuador
Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 
2009,
5
:4 doi:10.1186/1746-4269-5-4Rainer W Bussmann (rainer.bussmann@mobot.org)Douglas Sharon (dk_sharon@sbc.global.net)
ISSN
1746-4269
Article type
Research
Submission date
19 November 2008
Acceptance date
2 February 2009
Publication date
2 February 2009
Article URL
http://www.ethnobiomed.com/content/5/1/4This peer-reviewed article was published immediately upon acceptance. It can be downloaded,printed and distributed freely for any purposes (see copyright notice below).Articles in
Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 
are listed in PubMed and archived at PubMedCentral.For information about publishing your research in
Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 
or anyBioMed Central journal, go tohttp://www.ethnobiomed.com/info/instructions/ For information about other BioMed Central publications go tohttp://www.biomedcentral.com/ 
Journal of Ethnobiology andEthnomedicine
 © 2009 Bussmann and Sharon , licensee BioMed Central Ltd.This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0),which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 
Shadowsofthecolonialpast–divergingplantuseinNorthernPeruandSouthernEcuador
RainerW.Bussmann
1*
&DouglasSharon
2
1
WilliamL.BrownCenter,MissouriBotanicalGarden,P.O.Box299,St.Louis,MO63166-0299,USA.phone:(314)577-9503,facsimile:(314)577-0800,e-mail:rainer.bussmann@mobot.org,*correspondingauthor
2
2328DolphinDr.,Richmond,CA94804,USA.e-mail:dk_sharon@sbc.global.net
Abstract
ThispaperexaminesthetraditionaluseofmedicinalplantsinNorthernPeruandSouthernEcuador,withspecialfocusontheDepartmentsofPiura,Lambayeque,LaLibertad,Cajamarca,andSanMartin,andinLojaprovince,withspecialfocusonthedevelopmentsincetheearlycolonialperiod.NorthernPerurepresentsthelocusoftheoldCentralAndean“HealthAxis.”TherootsoftraditionalhealingpracticesinthisregiongoasfarbackastheCupisniquecultureearlyinthefirstmillenniumBC.NorthernPeruandSouthernEcuadorsharethesameculturalcontextandflorabutshowstrikingdifferencesinplantuseandtraditionalknowledge.TwohundredfifteenplantspeciesusedformedicinalpurposesinEcuadorand510plantspeciesusedformedicinalpurposesinPeruwerecollected,identified,.andtheirvernacularnames,traditionaluses,andapplicationsrecorded.Thisnumberofspeciesindicatesthatthehealers,marketvendors,andmembersofthepublicinterviewedinPerustillhaveaveryhighknowledgeofplantsintheirsurroundings,whichcan
 
beseenasareflectionoftheknowledgeofthepopulationingeneral.InEcuadormuchoftheoriginalplantknowledgehasalreadybeenlost.InPeru,433(85%)wereDicotyledons,46(9%)Monocotyledons,21(4%)Pteridophytes,and5(1%)Gymnosperms.Threespeciesof
Giartina
(Algae)andonespeciesoftheLichengenus
Siphula
wereused.ThefamiliesbestrepresentedwereAsteraceaewith69species,Fabaceae(35),Lamiaceae(25),andSolanaceae(21).Euphorbiaceaehad12species,andPoaceaeandApiaceaeeachaccountedfor11species.InEcuadorthefamiliesbestrepresentedwereAsteraceae(32species),Euphorbiaceae,Lamiaceae,andSolanaceae(11specieseach),andApiaceae,Fabaceae,Lycopodiaceae(9specieseach).Onehundredeighty-two(85%)ofthespeciesusedwereDicotyledons,20Monocotyledons(9.3%),12ferns(5.5%),andoneunidentifiedlichenwasused.Mostoftheplantsused(83%)werenativetoPeruandEcuador.Freshplants,oftencollectedwild,wereusedintwothirdsofallcasesinPeru,butinalmost95%ofthecasesinEcuador.Themostcommonapplicationsincludedtheingestionofherbdecoctionsortheapplicationofplantmaterialaspoultices.Althoughabout50%oftheplantsinuseinthecolonialperiodhavedisappearedfromthepopularpharmacopoeia,theoverallnumberofplantspeciesusedmedicinallyhasincreasedinNorthernPeru,whileSouthernEcuadorshowsadeclineofplantknowledgesincecolonialtimes.
Introduction
 Antecedents-MedicinalPlantResearchandTraditionalMedicineinPeru
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HarryEcu

Hi, my name is Harry and I would like to download the follwing document but cant do it. Cn you tell me how? Shadows of the Colonial Past - Diverging Plant Use in Northern Peru and Southern Ecuador Thanks Harry

reply06 / 04 / 2009
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