Embed Doc
Copy Link
Readcast
Collections

1
CommentGo Back

Submitted by:

Rab Nawaz Khan Jadoon Mehtab Afzal Saima Tabassum

Submitted to:

Dr. Sajjad Ahmad Madani

Dept. of Computer Science

COMSATS

University, Abbottabad.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction.....................................................................................................................31.1 History.......................................................................................................................31.2 Bluetooth Versions....................................................................................................32. System Architecture........................................................................................................42.1 Piconet.......................................................................................................................42.1.1 Single secondary communication:.........................................................................52.1.2 Multiple secondary communications.....................................................................52.2 Scatternet...................................................................................................................62.2.1 Range:....................................................................................................................72.3 Security Architecture................................................................................................72.3.1 Bluetooth Security Risks........................................................................................82.4 Connection establishment.........................................................................................83. Protocol stack..................................................................................................................93.1 Base-band Layer.....................................................................................................103.2 Link Manager Protocol...........................................................................................103.3 HCI (Host Controller Interface)..............................................................................103.4 L2CAP (Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol).......................................103.5 RFCOMM...............................................................................................................103.6 SDP (Service Discovery Protocol)..........................................................................103.7 TCS Binary (Telephony Control-Binary)...............................................................103.8 PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol).................................................................................103.9 UDP/TCP/IP...........................................................................................................114. Frame Format................................................................................................................114.1 Access Code............................................................................................................114.2 Header.....................................................................................................................124.3 Payload:...................................................................................................................125. Bluetooth Profiles.........................................................................................................125.1 Some available Bluetooth profile............................................................................13References.........................................................................................................................14

3Rab Nawaz, Mehtab Afzal and Saima TabassumDeptt. of Computer Science

COMSATS

Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad.

1. Introduction

Bluetooth

is a wireless protocol for exchanging data over short distances for creating personal areanetworks (PANs). Basically it is a standard for short range radio communication technology. Originally itwas developed by Ericsson, a cell manufacturer company in 1994 [1]. The embedded Bluetooth capabilityis widely used in many type of devices, like PDAs, computer peripherals (Mice, keyboards, joysticks,cameras, printers, LAN access points etc), cell phones, audio peripherals and other many more applications[1]. The radio technology used in Bluetooth is FHSS (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum), which sendthe data in the form of chunks over entire 79 channels. To reduce the interference the Bluetooth technologyutilizes AFH (Adaptive Frequency Hopping) mechanism. Frequency hopping works within the availablespectrum to take advantage of the available frequency.This frequency hopping provides more efficienttransmission within the spectrum, providing users with greater performance even if they are using othertechnologies along with

Bluetooth

technology.The maximum range for Bluetooth radio is 10m, but it canbe extended up to 100m by using amplifiers. The data rate achieved is 1 Mb/s. The Bluetooth standardwork on ISM band on 2.4 GHz frequency range, which is available globally unlicensed [2].

1.1 History

The name “Bluetooth” and its logo are the trade mark of an associated named BSIG (Bluetooth SpecialInterest Group). The promoter members of this technology are, Microsoft, Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Agere,Motorola, Nokia and Toshiba and even thousands of others. The word “Bluetooth” is taken from the 10

century Danish King Harald Bluetooth. The kind united the Scandinavian Europe during an era when thisregion was in parts. This technology was first introduced in Scandinavia and this technology mergesdifferent industries such as cell phones, computing and automotive market.The Bluetooth officiallyintroduced the first core specification version in 1998. Cable replacement was the basic intended purpose of Bluetooth technology. After the first version a lot has changed. In 2003 the Bluetooth SIG has announcedthe 2.1 version. In 2004, Bluetooth version 2.0+ERD was introduced. Devices using this version hit themarket in 2005.

1.2 Bluetooth Versions

Many Bluetooth versions have been released since this technology was introduced in 1998. The earliestversions 1.0 and 1.0B has many problems. The main problem was that there was a lack of interoperabilityamong devices. The first successful core version of Bluetooth technology was 1.1 and corrected many