EntosEpohis_10

You are seeing our new document Reader view. Click here to revert. Feel free to leave us feedback on this feature here.

Embed Doc
Copy Link
Readcast
Collections

CommentGo Back

ÌÑÒÖ˚—Ñ˛ ˛ÛÛ¨ ÛÖÜ ¿°`¾„˛Û¨Ô ×ØÖ¸—¨˚Ì˚Ø¨ÓÓÌÔ˛, ×ÖÒÜ ×Ø—Ô ¨×Ö Û˛Ô ÌÑÒÖ˚—Ñ˛ ×ÌØ— Ö¸ÖÛÖÜ `Ì×ÛÌÓÉØ— ÖÜ, ×Ø—Ô ¨ÑÖ Ó¨Ñ¨— ¨×Ö Û—Ú ¸˛ÓÖÛ—ÑÌÚ Ñ¨— ÔÖ-Ó¨ØÞ—¨ÑÌ Ú ÌÑÒÖ˚Ì Ú ÛÖÜ ¾ÑÛà-ÉØ— ÖÜ 2006, ×¨Ø’ Ö ÒÖ ×ÖÜ Û˛Ô—¸—¨ ×ÌØ—Ö¸Ö ÖÕÜ ÔÌ— ÛÖÔ ¨ÔÛ—×Ö-Ò—ÛÌÜÛ—ÑÖ ÛÖÜ ÒÖ ˚Ö ÓÌ ¨—ÞÓ˛ Û˛ ¸—¨×ÒÖ- Ñ˛ Ñ¨— ÛÖÜÚ ÑÖÜÓ×¨ ØÖÜÚý, ×ÖÜ ÑÖØÜ-ÝàÔÌÛ¨— Û˛Ô °ÔÖ—Õ˛ ÛÖÜ 2007 ÓÌ Û¨ÖÓÖÒÖ˚¨. °Ô¨ÓÌÔÖÓÌÔ˛ ˛Û¨Ô Ñ¨— ˛Ì×¨ÑÖ ÒÖÜˇ˛ ÑØ— Ù˛ ˛˚ÌÙ— ¨Ú ÛÖÜ, — ÙàÚ¸ÌÔ ˛ Û¨Ô ¨Ô¨ÓÌÔÖ ÓÌÔÖÚ Ö Þ¨Ø¨ÑÛ˛ Ø¨ÚÑ¨— ˛ ÙÝÖ¸ØÖÛ˛Û¨ Û˛Ú ÌÙàÑÖÓÓ¨Û—Ñ˛ÚÙÜ ˚ÑØÖÜÙ˛Ú, Ö ×ÖÜ Ö— ×ØÖÙà×—ÑÌ Ú ¨—Þ-ÓÌ Ú ×ÌØ— ÙÙÌß¨Ô, ÌÔà Û¨ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ¨ Ì×— ¸—-Ñ¨ ÛÌˇ˛Ñ¨Ô ÓÖÔÖ àÚ Ì×—ÑÌÝ¨Ò—¸ÌÚ Ñ¨—Ì×—ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—¨Ñ¨ ÙÜ ÓÉÖÒ¨. °ÔÛ— ˇÌÛ¨, Ö¸˛ÓÖ Ù—ÖÚ ¸—¨ ÒÖ˚ÖÚ ˚—¨ Û˛Ô ÑØ— Ù˛ ÛÖÜ¿°`¾„ Ñ¨— Û˛ ÙÜ Ô¸ÌÙ˛ ÛÖÜ ÓÌ Û˛ÔÑØ—Ù˛ Û˛Ú ÌÜØà×¨— ¢Ñ˛Ú ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨-Û— ¨Ú ˛ Û¨Ô ×ÖÒÜ ×—Ö ×ÒÖÜ Ù—ÖÚ. ¶ ÙÜ˝˛ -Û˛Ù˛ÌÓ×ÒÌ ÑÌ—Ö Þ—ÓÖ ÔÖÛ¨Ì×—ÛÌÒÌ— ¨ÛàÔÑÖÓÓ¨ÛàÔ ¨ÒÒ¨ Ñ¨— ÛÖÜÚ ¨Ø—ÙÛÌØÖÜ Ú¸—¨ÔÖÖÜ ÓÌÔÖÜÚ, ÓÌ Ù×ÖÜ¸¨— ÌÚ Ñ¨Û¨ˇÌ -ÙÌ—Ú ˚—¨ Û˛Ô Ñ¨Û¨ÔÖ ˛Ù˛ Û˛Ú ÑØ— Ù˛Ú Ñ¨—Û¨ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ¨ ÙÜÓÝØ¨˝Ö ÓÌÔ¨. °×ÖÜÙ—¨ -˝ÖÜÔ¨×Ö ÛÖ¸—¨ ÒÖ˚Ö

Ì×— Û˛ÚÖÜÙ— ¨Ú

Ö—¸—¨ÔÖÖÜ ÓÌÔÖ— ×ÖÜ ÙÛ˛ Ø—Õ¨Ô (ÙÜÔ˛ ˇàÚÑ¨— ¨×Ö ÑØ¨Û—ÑÌÚ ˇÌÙÌ—Ú) Û˛Ô ÑÜÉÌØÔ˛-Û—Ñ˛ ¸—¨ÞÌ—Ø—Ù˛ ÛÖÜ ¿°`¾„, ÌÔàÙÜÔÛ¨ ÙÙÖÔÛ¨— àÚ ÌÝÌ¸ØÌ— ÌÚ ÓÌ ÛÖÜÚ×Ö ÒÖÜÚ Û˛Ú ÌÙàÑÖÓÓ¨Û—Ñ˛ Ú ÙÜ ˚ÑØÖÜ-Ù˛Ú. ´˛Ô —¸—¨ ÙÛ—˚Ó˛ ×ÖÜ ÛÖ ÑÖØÜÝ¨—Ö×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÖ ×ØÖÙà×—ÑÖ ÛÖÜ ¿°`¾„, Ö ×àÚÑ¨— ˛ ÖØ˚¨ÔàÓÌ Ô˛ ÑÖÓÓ¨Û—Ñ˛ É¨ Ù˛ ÌÕ’¨ ÒÒÖÜ, ¸ÌÔ Ý¨— ÔÖÔÛ¨— ¸—¨ÛÌˇÌ—ÓÌ ÔÖ— Ô¨×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÖ×Ö—˛ ÙÖÜÔ ÙÌ É¨ ˇÖÚ Û˛ ÙÜ˝˛ Û˛- Ù˛˚—¨Û—Ú¨—Û— ÌÚ×ÖÜÖ¸˛ ˚˛Ù¨ÔÛÖÑÖ ÓÓ¨ÛÖÜÚ ÙÌ Ì×¨Ô¨Ò¨ÓÉ¨ÔÖ ÓÌÔÌÚ ˛ ÛÛÌÚ, Û˛Ô—¸—¨ ÙÛ—˚Ó˛ Ö— ¸—¨ØØÖÌÚ ¨ÒÒ¨ Ñ¨— Ö—×ØÖÙ¸ÖÑ— ÌÚ ÛÖÜ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÖÜ ÙàÓ¨ÛÖÚ×ÖÜ ÛÖ ÙÛ˛ Ø—ÕÌ ÓÌÛ¨×ÖÒ—ÛÌÜÛ—Ñ¨ , ÑÖ—-Û¨ÔÌý ×ØÖÚ Û˛Ô °Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨. ¶ Û¨Ù˛ ×ØÖÚ¨Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨ ÌÔÖ ÚÙ˛Ó¨ÔÛ—ÑÖÜ ÛÓ˛ Ó¨ÛÖÚÛÖÜ¿°`¾„ Ñ¨Û¨˚Ø¨ Ý˛ÑÌ ×ÖÒÜ ×Ø—Ô Û—ÚÌÑÒÖ˚ÌÚ. ¶¸˛ ¨×Ö Û˛Ô ×ÌØ—Ö¸Ö ÛÖÜ¨ÔÛ—×ÖÒÌÓ—ÑÖÜ Ñ—Ô˛Ó¨ÛÖÚ, ÛÖÜ ˜ÖØÖÜÓÑ¨— ÉÌÉ¨— àÚ ÙÛÖÜÚ ¨˚àÔÌÚ Û˛Ú ÌÑ×¨—-¸ÌÜÛ—Ñ˛ Ú ÑÖ—ÔÖ Û˛Û¨Ú Ñ¨— Û˛Ú ÔÌÖÒ¨— ¨ÚÙÛÖ 16, ˛ Ñ—Ô˛Ù˛ Ì×¨—ØÔÌ Ù¨ÝÌÚ ¨Ø—ÙÛÌ-ØÖ ×ØÖ Ù˛ÓÖ, Ñ¨Û¨˚Ø¨ Ý˛ÑÌ ÌÔ ÓÌ ØÌ— ÙÛÖÌÑÒÖ˚—ÑÖ ¨×ÖÛÌ ÒÌÙÓ¨, Ì×—ÉÌÉ¨—àÔÌÛ¨—

ÓÌÛÌÑÒÖ˚—Ñ¨ 

Ñ¨— ÙÛ—Ú ÓÌ ØÌÚ Ó¨Ú. ¶ÙÛ¨¸—¨Ñ˛ ÓÌÛ¨ÛÖ ×—Ù˛ ÛÖÜ ¿°`¾„ ×Ö- Ò—Û—Ñ¨ Ñ¨— —¸ÌÖÒÖ˚—Ñ¨ ÙÛÖ ÛÖ ÕÖ ÛÖÜÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌÒÌÜˇÌØ—ÙÓÖÜ , ¸—¨¸—Ñ¨Ù—¨ ×ÖÜÕÌÑ—Ô˛ÙÌ ÛÖ 1985 Ì×— °. ¿¨×¨×¨Ô¸ØÌ-ÖÜ Ñ¨— „. `˛Ó— Û˛ Ü×ÖÜØ˚ÖÜ ¾—ÑÖÔÖ-Ó— ¨Ú, ÓÌ ¨—ÞÓ˛ Û˛ ¸˛ÓÖÙ—ÖÔÖÓ—Ñ˛ ×Ì—-ˇ¨ØÞ—¨, ÖÒÖÑÒ˛Øàˇ˛ÑÌ ÓÌ Û˛Ô —ÙÞÜØ˛·ÒÒ¨ ¸¨ý Û˛Ú ÖÑÛ¨ÌÛ— ¨Ú ÛÖÜ ÌÑÙÜ˚ÞØÖ-Ô—ÙÓÖÜ Ñ¨— ×ØàˇÜ×ÖÜØ˚— ¨Ú `˛Ó— Û˛, ¸ÌÔ¨ Ý˛ÙÌ ¨ÒàÉ˛ÛÖ ÛÖÔ ÑÖÓÓ¨Û—ÑÖ —ÙÛÖ ,×ÌØ—ˇàØ—Ö×Ö—àÔÛ¨Ú ÛÖÔ. ·Ô¨Ô ÑÖÓÓ¨-Û—ÑÖ —ÙÛÖ ÉÌÉ¨— àÚ ÌÑ×¨—¸ÌÜÓÌ ÔÖ ÙÌÑÖ ÓÓ¨ ¨ØÞ˛˚—ÑÖÜ ÛÜ ×ÖÜ, ÑØ¨Û—ÑÖ×Ö—-˛ÓÌÔÖý Ñ¨Û¨ Û˛ ¸—¨ØÑÌ—¨ Û˛Ú Ì—ÑÖÙ¨-ÌÛÖÜ Ú ¸—¨ÑÜÉÌ ØÔ˛Ù˛Ú Ñ¨— ÓÌ Û˛Ô ÖÓÖ -ÒÖ˚˛ ÙÜÔ¸—Ñ¨Ò—ÙÛ—Ñ˛ ˛˚ÌÙ— ¨ ¨×ÖÜ Ù¨¨×Ö ÛÖ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÖ ¸—¨ÑÜ ÉÌÜÓ¨ Ñ¨ˇÌ×ÌØ—Ö ¸ÖÜ, ¨ÑÖ Ó¨ Ñ¨— ÛÖ ÛÌ ×ÖÜ ˇ— ˚ÖÔÛ¨Ô ÙÛÖ—ÞÌ—à¸˛ ÌØ˚¨Ù—¨Ñ¨ Ñ¨— ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—Ñ¨ ¸—Ñ¨—àÓ¨Û¨ ÛàÔ Ó—ÙˇàÛàÔ ÙÛØàÓ¨ÛàÔ×ÖÜ ÌÑ×ØÖÙà×ÖÜ ÙÌ, ÓÌ ÝàÛÌ—Ô˛ ÌÕ¨—ØÌ-Ù˛ Û˛Ô ×ÌØ— Ö¸Ö ÛÖÜ ¨ÙÝ¨Ò—ÙÛ—ÑÖÜ ÛÖÜ†—¨ÔÔ— ÛÙ˛. ¶ ÌÑÒÖ˚˛ ÛÖÜ †—àØ˚ÖÜ¿¨×¨Ô¸ØÌÖÜ ¸—¨ ÉÖ˛Ú ¨×Ö Û˛Ô ÑÖ—Ôà-Ô— ¨ý (Ñ¨— Û¨ Ó— ÔÛ—¨) ÙÛ˛Ô ˛˚ÌÙ— ¨ ÛÖÜ¿°`¾„ Ì ¸Ì—ÕÌ ÙÌ ÙÜÓÉÖÒ—ÑÖ -Ì×—ÑÖ—Ôà-Ô—¨ÑÖ ¨ÒÒ¨ Ñ¨— ÙÌ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÖ -ÌÙàÑÖÓÓ¨-Û—ÑÖ Ì×— ×Ì¸Ö Ö Û— Û¨ ˝˛Û˛ Ó¨Û¨ ¸—¨¸ÖÞ˛ Ú Ñ¨— ˛˚ÌÙ— ¨Ú Ì— Ô¨— Ó—¨ Ü×Ö ˇÌÙ˛ ÛàÔÙÛÌÒÌÞàÔ, ÌÔà ÙÛ¨ ÑÖÓÓ¨Û—Ñ¨ ÓÌÒ˛Ì×—ÝÜÒ¨ÙÙÌÛ¨— Ö ØÖÒÖÚ ÛÖÜ Ö×¨¸ÖÜ Ñ¨—ÛÖÜ ¸—¨ÓÌÙÖÒ¨É˛Û˛ ÛàÔ ÑÖØÜÝ¨— àÔÙÛÌÒÌÞàÔ ÙÌ ÑÌÔÛØ—ÑÖ Ñ¨— ×ÌØ—ÝÌØÌ—¨-ÑÖ Ì×—×Ì¸Ö. »ÌÙ¨ ¨×Ö ¨ÜÛ˛ Û˛ ÓÌÛ¨Ñ—-Ô˛Ù˛, ÙÛÖ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÖ ¨ÒÒ¨ Ñ¨— ÙÛÖ ÖØ˚¨-ÔàÛ—ÑÖ ×Ì¸— Ö, Ó×ÖØÌ— Ñ¨ÔÌ— Ú Ô¨ ¨ÔÛ—-Ò˛ÝˇÌ— ˚—¨Û— ˛ —¸ÌÖÒÖ˚—Ñ˛ Ñ¨—×ØÖ˚Ø¨ÓÓ¨Û—Ñ˛ ÓÌÛ¨Ñ— Ô˛Ù˛ ÛÖÜ ¿°- `¾„ Ñ¨— ˛ Ì ÔÛ¨Õ˛ ÛÖÜ ÙÛÖ ÛÖ ÕÖ Û˛ÚÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌÒÌÜ ˇÌØ˛Ú ÙÜÔ¨—ÔÌÙ˛Ú Ì˚—ÔÌ Ö-Ó¨Ò¨ , ÞàØ— Ú ÙÖÉ¨ØÌ Ú ¨ÔÛ—ÙÛ¨ ÙÌ—Ú, ÓÌ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ ÖÓÖÝàÔ— ¨. ´Ö — ¸—Ö Ì ˚—ÔÌ Ñ¨— ÓÌÛ—ÚÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÌ Ú ¨Ô¨ÝÖØÌ Ú, Û—ÚÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÌ Ú¨ÔÛ—×ØÖÙà×ÌÜ ÙÌ—Ú. ¶ ¨×ÌÜ ˇÜÔÙ˛ ÙÛ¨¸ÜÔ¨Ó—Ñ¨ ÙÛØàÓ¨Û¨ Û˛Ú ÌÒÒ˛Ô—Ñ˛ ÚÑÖ—ÔàÔ—¨Úý, Ñ¨— ˛ Ì˚Ñ¨Û¨ÒÌ—ß˛ ÛàÔÓ˛ ×ØÖÔÖÓ—ÖÜ ÞàÔý ÙÜÔÛÌÒÌ— Û¨— ÞàØ— Ú ¨ÔÛ—ØØ˛ ÙÌ—ÚÙÛÖÌÙàÑÖÓÓ¨Û—ÑÖ ×Ì¸— Ö,ÓÌÛ˛Ô Ì˚ÑØ—Ù˛ (ÙÞÌ¸ÖÔ) ÖÒ˛Ú Û˛Ú ˛˚ÌÙ—¨Ú.·Ô¸ÌÞÖÓÌÔàÚ ˚—¨Û— ˛ —¸—¨ ÓÌÛ¨Ñ—Ô˛Ù˛ÙÜÔÛÌÒÌ ÙÛ˛ÑÌ ÙÛ˛ ÙÜ ÔˇÌÙ˛ ÛàÔ ÓÌÒàÔÛÖÜ ÑÖ ÓÓ¨ÛÖÚ. `ÛÖ ÌÙàÑÖÓÓ¨Û—ÑÖ ×Ì¸— Ö,˛ Ö ×Ö—¨ ¨Ø—ÙÛÌØ˛ ¨ÔÛ—×ÖÒ— ÛÌÜÙ˛ ÙÜ-˚ÑØÖÛÌ— Û¨— ×ÌØ—ÙÛ¨Ù—¨Ñ¨ , ÓÌ ×ØÖÙà×Ö- ×¨˚˛ Þ¨Ø¨ÑÛ˛Ø—ÙÛ—Ñ¨ Ñ¨— Ì×—ÒÌ ˚Ì— ÙÜ-Ô˛ˇàÚ àÚ ×Ì¸—¨ Û˛Ú ¨ÔÛ—×¨Ø¨ˇÌÙ˛Ú Ì—ÛÌÛ¨—¸ØÜÛ—Ñ¨ ÙÛÖ—ÞÌ— ¨Û¨ÜÛÖ Û˛Û¨ÚÌ— ÛÌÛ˛Ô ×¨ÛØ—àÛ—Ñ˛ ý ˚Ø¨ÓÓ˛ , Ì×ÌÔ¸Ì¸ÜÓÌ Ô˛ÓÌ ÝÛàÞÖ ¨ÔÛ——Ó×ÌØ—¨Ò—ÙÓÖ. ‡ÌÔ Ì—Ô¨—¨ÙÞÌÛÖ ÓÌ Û¨ ×¨Ø¨×¨Ôà ÖÛ— ˛ ÌÙàÑÖÓ-Ó¨Û—Ñ˛ ¨ÔÛ—×ÖÒ— ÛÌÜÙ˛ ÛÖÜ ¿°`¾„¸—¨ÞÜ ˇ˛ÑÌ Û˛ ÙÛ—˚Ó˛ Û˛Ú ÙÜ ˚ÑØÖÜÙ˛Ú˚—¨ Û˛Ô ¨ØÞ˛˚— ¨ ÛÖÜ ÑÖ ÓÓ¨ÛÖÚ ÙÌ Ö ÒÌÚÛ—Ú Ü×Öß˛Ý—Ö Û˛ÛÌÚ. °×Ö ¨ÜÛ˛ Ô Û˛ ÙÑÖ×—¨ , ˇ¨ ˛ Û¨Ô ¨ÝÌÒÌ Ú, Ñ¨— ¨ÔÌ¸¨Ý—-ÑÖ ÙÛ˛Ô ×Ø¨˚Ó¨Û—ÑÖ Û˛Û¨, ˛ °Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨ Ñ¨—Ö`ˆÀ‚µ°Ô¨×ØÖÙ¸ÖÑ¨ Û˛ÙÜÔ¨ ÔÛ˛- Ù˛ ÛÖÜ ÓÌ Û¨ ÛÖ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÖ ×ØÖÙà×—ÑÖ ×ÖÜ¨ÑÜØàÔÌÛ¨—ÓÌÛ˛ÔÑØ—Ù˛.`ÛÖ×Ì¸—ÖÛ˛ÚÑÖ—ÔàÔ—¨Ú Ñ¨— ÛÖÜ Ñ—Ô˛Ó¨ÛÖÚ Ó×ÖØÖÜ ÔÔ¨ ˚— ÔÖÜÔ Ö— ÙÜÔ¨ÔÛ˛ ÙÌ—Ú, ÙÌ ¨ÜÛÖ Ó×ÖØÌ— ˛ °Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨ Ô¨ ÙÜÔ¨ÔÛ˛ˇÌ— ÓÌÛ¨ ÛÓ˛ Ó¨Û¨ ×ÖÜ ¨×Ö¸ÌÙÓÌÜ ÖÔÛ¨— ¨×Ö Û˛Ô ÑØ— Ù˛ Û˛Ú ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û— ¨Ú, ÙÛÖ — ¸—Ö ×Ì¸— Ö Ó×ÖØÌ— Ô¨ ×Ø¨˚Ó¨ÛàˇÌ— ˛¨ÔÛ¨ÒÒ¨˚˛ Ñ¨— ˛ ¨Ô¨ÙÜ ÔˇÌÙ˛.

»—¨ ×ØÖ¸—¨˚Ì˚Ø¨ÓÓÌ Ô˛ ˛ ÛÛ¨,Ó—¨ ¨Ô¨ÓÌÔÖ ÓÌÔ˛ ÑØ— Ù˛

¯Ø—ÙÛæÝÖØÖÜ ¿¨×¨¸æ×ÖÜÒÖÜ

Ì×ÖÞ˛ Ú

ÔÛæÚ

„ ˆ À ‚ ° „ ¶ 2 8 ¾ „ ´ ˙ – À ‚ ¾ ˆ 2 0 0 7

´ · ˆ ¯ ¾ `

¿ · À ‚ ¾ ‡ ¾ ` †

’

´˛Ô „ÜØ—¨Ñ˛ 4 …ÖÌÓÉØ— ÖÜ, ˇ¨ ¸˛ÓÖÙ—ÌÜÛÌ— ÛÖ ÉÓÌ ØÖÚ ÛÖÜ ¨Ý—ÌØàÓ¨ÛÖÚ ˚—¨ Û˛ ÌÜØà×¨— ¢Ñ˛ ÙÖÙ—¨¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û— ¨ÓÌ ÑÌ— ÓÌÔ¨ ÛàÔ †. °ÒÓ×¨ Ô˛, •. ‡Ø— ÛÙ¨, –. „àÛÖÜ Ò¨, †. »ÖÙÞÖÔ¨ , ». `×ÖÜØ¸¨Ò¨ Ñ˛ Ñ¨— °. `ÛØ¨˚¨Ò—ÔÖÜ 

¶ ÌÜØà×¨— ¢Ñ˛ ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û— ¨ÞàØ— Ú ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ—Ñ˛ ×ØÖ Û¨Ù˛

ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û—¨ ×¨ÔÌÜØà×¨— ¢Ñ¨ ¸ÌÔÌÞÌ— ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ—Ñ˛ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ ×ØÖÛ¨Ù˛ ˛ÛÖÜÒ¨ Þ—ÙÛÖÔ, ¸ÌÔ Ì ÞÌ— ×ØÖ Û¨Ù˛ ×ÖÜ Ô¨ÙÜÓ×ÌØ—Ò¨ÓÉ¨ ÔÌ— Û¨ Ò¨— ¢Ñ¨ ÙÛØàÓ¨Û¨,ÛÖÜÚ ¨ÔÌØ˚ÖÜÚ, ÛÖÜÚ ¨×ÖÑÒÌ—ÙÓÌÔÖÜÚ.„¨— ÓÌ ÛÖÜÚ Ö ØÖÜÚ ×ÖÜ Û— ˇÌÛ¨— ÛÖ ˝˛ Û˛Ó¨ÌÜ ØÌÙ˛Ú Ó—¨Ú ÛÌ ÛÖ—¨Ú ×ØÖ Û¨Ù˛Ú ¸ÌÔ Ì— Ô¨—ÌÜ ÑÖÒÖ Ô¨ ¸Ì— Ñ¨ÔÌ—Ú ¨×Ö ×ÖÜ Ó×ÖØÌ— Ô¨Ì ØˇÌ— Ó—¨ ÒÜ Ù˛. »—¨ ÒÜ Ù˛, ¸˛Ò¨¸˛ , ×ÖÜ ¸ÌÔ ˇ¨ÉÖ˛ˇ˛ ÙÌ— Ñ¨ ×Ö—Ö ÙÜ˚ÑÌÑØ—ÓÌ ÔÖ ÑÖ ÓÓ¨ Û˛Ú „Ì-ÔÛØÖ¨Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨Ú Ô¨ ÑÌØ¸—ÙÌ— Û—Ú ÌÑÒÖ˚ÌÚ ÙÌ Ñ¨×Ö—¨ÞàØ¨ ˚—¨ Ó—¨ ÝÖØ¨, ¨ÜÛÖ ˚—ÔÌÛ¨—, ¨ÒÒ¨ ÒÜ Ù˛ ×ÖÜˇ¨ Ó×ÖØÌ ÙÌ— Ô¨ Þ¨Ø¨ÑÛ˛Ø— ÙÌ— Ó—¨ ÖÒÖ ÑÒ˛Ø˛Ì×ÖÞ˛ ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û—Ñ˛ Ú ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ— ¨Ú, Ö ×àÚ¨ÜÛ˛ ÓÌÛ¨ ÛÖ –¿¨˚ÑÖÙÓ—Ö ¿ÖÒÌÓÖ.´Ö ÑÌÔÛØ—ÑÖ ˝˛ Û˛Ó¨ Ì ÞÌ— Ô¨ Ñ¨ ÔÌ— ÓÌ Û˛Ô¨×Ö¸ÖÞ˛ ÛÖÜ ÑÜØ— ¨ØÞÖÜ ÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌÒÌÜ ˇÌØÖÜ Ö—ÑÖ-ÔÖÓ—ÑÖÜ ÓÖÔÛÌ ÒÖÜ. –ÌÉ¨— àÚ, Ó—¨ ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ— ¨ ¸ÌÔÓ×ÖØÌ— Ô¨ É¨Ù—ÙÛÌ— ÓÖ ÔÖ ÙÛÖ Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—ÑÖ Ü×Ö - É¨ˇØÖ

˛ ×ØÖ˛˚ÖÜ ÓÌÔ˛ ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ— ¨ Û˛Ú ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛-ÓÖÑØ¨Û—¨Ú É¨Ù—˝ÖÛ¨Ô ÙÌ Ó—¨ ÙÜÔÖÒ—Ñ˛ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛,ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—Ñ˛ Ñ¨— Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—Ñ˛ ¨×¨ÔÛ˛Ù˛ ÙÛ¨ ×ØÖ-ÉÒ˛ Ó¨Û¨ ÛÖÜ »ÌÙÖ×ÖÒÌ ÓÖÜ Ñ¨— ÛÖÜ ¿¨˚ÑÖÙÓ— ÖÜ×ÖÒÌ ÓÖÜ. °ÜÛ˛ ˛ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ Ì ×ØÌ×Ì Ô¨ ¨ÔÛ—ÓÌÛà-×—ÙÌ— Û˛Ô ¨×Ì—Ò˛ Û˛Ú `ÖÉ—ÌÛ—Ñ˛Ú ·ÔàÙ˛Ú Ñ¨— ÛÖ¨ÜÕ˛ÓÌ ÔÖ ˚Ö ˛ÛØÖ ÛàÔ ÑÖÓÓÖÜÔ—ÙÛàÔ ÙÛ˛Ô ‡ÜÛ—-Ñ˛ ·ÜØà×˛, ¨ÒÒ¨ Ñ¨— Ô¨ ¨×¨ÔÛ˛ ÙÌ— ÙÛ˛ ˇÌ Ò˛Ù˛ÛàÔ Ó¨˝àÔ ×ÖÜ ÙÜÓÓÌÛÌ— Þ¨Ô ÙÛÖÔ ¨˚àÔ¨ Ñ¨Û¨ ÛÖÜ Ý¨Ù—ÙÓÖÜ Ô¨ Ó˛Ô ÓÌ— ÔÖÜÔ Û¨ ×Ø¨ ˚Ó¨Û¨ Ö ×àÚ ˛ Û¨Ô ×Ø—Ô ¨×Ö ÛÖ ×Ö ÒÌÓÖý. ¾×Ö—¨¸˛ ×ÖÛÌ¨Ô¨ Ñ¨Óß˛ Û˛Ú Ù˛ÓÌØ—Ô˛ Ú ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û— ¨Ú ˇ¨×ØÌ ×Ì— ×¨ØÖÓÖ— àÚ Ô¨ ÙÜÔ—ÙÛ¨ Ó—¨ ˚ÌÔ—ÑÖ ÛÌØ˛ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ ×ÖÜ ÙÜÔ¸Ì Ì— ÛÖ Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—ÑÖ ÓÌ ¨ ÒÒÌÚ×ÛÜÞÌ Ú. °ÒÒ¨ Ì¸à ˇ¨ ¸àÙà Ì ÓÝ¨Ù˛ ÙÛÖ Ö—ÑÖÔÖ-Ó—ÑÖ.`Û˛Ô Ì×ÖÞ˛ Û˛Ú ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û—Ñ˛ Ú ÑÜ-Ø—¨ØÞ— ¨Ú, ÛÖ Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—ÑÖ ÓÖÔÛÌ ÒÖ É¨Ù—˝Ö Û¨Ô ÙÛ˛˝˛ Û˛Ù˛ ÛàÔ Ò¨— ¢ÑàÔ ÙÛØàÓ¨ ÛàÔ. °ÜÛÖ Ù˛ Ó¨—ÔÌ,ÓÌÛ¨ÕÜ ¨ ÒÒàÔ, ×Ò˛ Ø˛ ¨×¨ÙÞÖ Ò˛Ù˛, —Ñ¨ÔÖ×Ö—- ˛Û—ÑÖÜ Ú Ó—ÙˇÖÜ Ú ÙÛ˛ É—ÖÓ˛Þ¨Ô— ¨ Ñ¨— ×ØÖÙÛ¨Ù— ¨ÛÖÜ Ì—ÙÖ¸˛ Ó¨ÛÖÚ ÛàÔ ¨ÔÌ Ø˚àÔ (Ñ¨— ÛÖ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÖ ÑØ¨ ÛÖÚ ˚ÌÔ—ÑÖ ÛÌØ¨) ˚—¨ Ô¨ Ó˛ ÝÖÉÖÜ ÔÛ¨— Ö—É—ÖÓ˛ Þ¨ÔÖ— Ö Û— ˇ¨ ×Ì ÙÌ— ×ÖÒÜ ˛ ÌÔÌØ˚˛ ˝˛ Û˛Ù˛ÙÌ Ó—¨ Ü ÝÌÙ˛. ¾Þ— ÓÖÔÖ ˛ Ó¨ÑØÖÖ—ÑÖÔÖÓ—Ñ˛×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛, ¨ÒÒ¨ ˛ ØÜ ˇÓ—Ù˛ ÙÛ—Ú ¨˚ÖØÌÚ ÌØ˚¨Ù—¨Ú,Ñ¨— ˛ ˚ÌÔ—ÑÖ ÛÌØ˛ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—Ñ˛ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ , ¸ÖÜ ÒÌÜ¨ÔÙÛ˛Ô — ¸—¨ Ñ¨ÛÌÜ ˇÜÔÙ˛. `Ü˚ÞØÖ ÔàÚ, ¸—ÌˇÔÌ— ÚÖØ˚¨Ô—ÙÓÖ— Ñ¨— ØÜˇÓ— ÙÌ—Ú ¸˛Ó—ÖÜØ˚ÖÜ Ù¨Ô Ì Ô¨ÙÛ¨ˇÌØÖ ÞØ˛Ó¨ÛÖ×—ÙÛàÛ—ÑÖ ×ÌØ—É¨ ÒÒÖÔ Ñ¨— ×ØÖÙÛ¨Ù— ¨ ¨×Ö ÑÌØ¸ÖÙÑÖ×—ÑÌ Ú ÑØ— ÙÌ—Ú. ´Ö ÑÖ—-ÔàÔ—ÑÖ ÑØ¨ ÛÖÚ, ˇ¨ Ó×ÖØÖÜ ÙÌ Ô¨ —ÙÞÜØ—ÙÛÌ— Ñ¨ÔÌ— Ú, ˛ Û¨Ô ÛÖ ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ—ÑÖ ÙÞÌ ¸—Ö ÛÖÜ ÑÌÝ¨- Ò¨— ÖÜ˚—¨Ô¨Ó×Ì—ÝØ¨˚ÓÖ ÚÙÛ˛Ô°Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨ Ñ¨—Ô¨ÌÔÙàÓ¨ÛàˇÌ— ÛÖ ÌØ˚¨Û—ÑÖ Ñ— Ô˛Ó¨

˛ ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ— ¨¸ÌÔ Ì—Ô¨— ÑÖÒ×Ö, ¨ÒÒ¨ ×ØÌ×Ì— Ô¨ ÌÞÌ— Ñ¨— Ò¨— ¢Ñ¨ÙÛ˛Ø— ˚Ó¨Û¨. °×Ö Û˛Ô ¨ ÒÒ˛, ÛÖ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÖ ÑØ¨ ÛÖÚ, Ñ¨— Ó—¨ ×—Ö ØÜˇÓ—ÙÓÌ Ô˛ ¨˚ÖØ¨ , ¨×ÖÛÌ-ÒÖÜ ÙÌ Ó—¨ Ö×—ÙˇÖÞàØ˛Ù˛ ÛÖÜ ÑÌÝ¨Ò¨—ÖÜ, Ñ¨— ÓÌ¨ÜÛ˛ Û˛Ô Ì ÔÔÖ—¨ ˛ ¸—¨ÛÜ ×àÙ˛ Ö Û— ÛÖ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÖ ÑØ¨ ÛÖÚ ˛ Û¨Ô ÛÖ ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ—ÑÖ ÙÞÌ ¸—Ö ÛÖÜ ÑÌÝ¨Ò¨— ÖÜÜ×ÖÉ¨ˇÓ— ˝Ì— Û—Ú ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÌ Ú ÙÜ˚ÑØÖÜ ÙÌ—Ú Ñ¨—Ü×ÖÛ—Ó¨ Ì— Û˛Ô ¸ÜÔ¨ÛÖ Û˛Û¨ Û˛Ú ÓÌØ—¨ Ú Û˛Ú ÌØ˚¨Ù— ¨Ú Ô¨ Ì×—É¨ ÒÌ—, Ì ÙÛà Ñ¨— ÓÌØ—ÑàÚ, Û˛¸—Ñ˛ Û˛Ú ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ .´Ö ÔÌÖ Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—ÑÖ ÓÖÔÛÌÒÖ ÌÞÌ— ¨×ÖØØ—ßÌ—ÙÞÌ¸Ö Ô Ö Ò¨ Û¨ ÙÛÖ—ÞÌ— ¨ ÛÖÜ ×ØÖ˛˚ÖÜ ÓÌÔÖÜ. ‡ÌÔÌ— Ô¨— ¸ÖÜÒÌ—¨ ÛÖÜ ÑØ¨ ÛÖÜÚ Ô¨ ÌÕ¨ÙÝ¨Ò— ÙÌ— Û˛Ô×Ò˛Ø˛ ¨×¨ÙÞÖÒ˛Ù˛. °ÔÛ—ˇÌÛàÚ, ÛÖ É¨ØÖÚ ×ÌÝÛÌ—ÙÛÖÜÚÌØ˚¨˝Ö ÓÌÔÖÜÚ×ÖÜ,¨×¨ÒÒ¨˚ÓÌ ÔÖ—ý¨×Ö Û˛¸Ü Ô¨Ó˛ ÛàÔ ÙÜÔ¸—Ñ¨ ÛàÔ Ñ¨— ¨×Ö Û—Ú ØÜˇÓ— ÙÌ—ÚÙÛ—Ú ¨˚ÖØÌ Ú ÌØ˚¨Ù— ¨Ú (Ö ×àÚ Ö— ÌÒ¨ Þ—ÙÛÖ— Ó—ÙˇÖ— ×ÖÜ ÑØ¨ÛÖÜ Ô ÛÖÜÚ Ó—ÙˇÖÜ Ú ¨ÝÜ Ù—Ñ¨ý ß˛Ò¨ ),×ØÌ ×Ì— Ô¨ ÓÌ—àÙÖÜÔ ÛÖÜÚ Ó—ÙˇÖÜ Ú ÛÖÜÚ ÙÌ¨ÔÛ¨˚àÔ—ÙÛ—Ñ¨ Ì×—×Ì¸¨ ˛ Ô¨ ¸—¨Ñ—Ô¸ÜÔÌßÖÜÔÔ¨ ÓÌ—ÔÖÜÔ ¨ÔÌØ˚Ö—. »Ì ¨ÜÛ˛ Û˛Ô ÌÔÔÖ—¨, Ö—Þ¨Ó˛ÒÖ— Ó—ÙˇÖ— , ˛ ¨ÔÌØ˚— ¨ Ñ¨— Ó—¨ ÙÌ—Ø¨ ¨Ô—ÙÖ-Û˛ ÛàÔ ¸ÌÔ ¨ÔÛ—×ØÖÙà×ÌÜ ÖÜÔ ×¨Ø¨ ×ÒÌÜØÌÚ ÌÔÌ Ø-˚Ì—ÌÚ ÛÖÜ ÓÖÔÛÌÒÖÜ ¨ÒÒ¨ ÙÜÙÛ¨Û—Ñ¨ ÙÛÖ—ÞÌ—¨ÛÖÜÚ.`ÛØ¨Û˛˚—ÑÌ Ú ÌÔÙàÓ¨ ÛàÙ˛Ú Ò¨— ¢ÑàÔ ÙÛØàÓ¨ -ÛàÔ ÞàØ—Ú ¨×Ö¸ÌÙÓÌÜÙ˛ ¨×Ö ÛÖ ÑÜØ—¨ØÞÖÖ—ÑÖÔÖÓ—ÑÖ ÓÖÔÛÌ ÒÖ Ü×¨ ØÞÖÜÔ. °ÒÒ¨ Ñ¨Ó— ¨ ¨×Ö ¨ÜÛÌ Ú ¸ÌÔ Ó×ÖØÌ— Ô¨ ¨×ÖÛÌÒÌ ÙÌ— ÓÖÔ—ÓÖ ÛÌØ˛ÒÜ Ù˛ ¨×Ö ×ÒÌÜØ¨Ú „ÌÔÛØÖ¨Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨Ú. `Û—Ú¨˚˚ÒÖÙ¨ÕÖÔ—ÑÌÚ ÞàØÌÚ Ý¨—ÔÌÛ¨— ÖÛ— Ü×¨ØÞÖÜÔ×ÌØ—ÙÙÖ ÛÌØ¨ ×ÌØ—ˇàØ—¨ ˚—¨ Ñ¨ ×Ö—¨ ¨×Ö Û¨ Ò¨— ¢Ñ¨ ÙÛØàÓ¨Û¨ Ô¨ Ü—ÖˇÌÛ˛ ÙÖÜÔ ÙÛÖ—ÞÌ— ¨ Û˛Ú ÑÜØ— ¨Ø-Þ˛Ú —¸ÌÖÒÖ˚—¨Ú (¨ÛÖÓ—ÑÖÛ˛Û¨, ×ØÖÙà×—Ñ˛ ÌÜˇÜ -Ô˛ Ñ.Ò×.). `Û˛Ô °ÓÌØ—Ñ˛ Ñ¨— ÙÛ˛ –ØÌÛ¨Ô— ¨ ×ÖÒÜ ÓÌ˚¨ÒÜ ÛÌØÖ ÑÖÓÓ¨ Û— ÛÖÜ ×Ò˛ˇÜÙÓÖÜ ¸Ì ÞÌÛ¨— Ö Û—Ö— ¨×Ö¸ÖÞÌ Ú ÛÖÜ ¨ÔÛ—×ØÖÙà×ÌÜ ÖÜÔ Ñ¨Û¨ Ñ¨ ×Ö—ÖÛØÖ ×Ö Ó—¨ ¸— Ñ¨—˛ ¨ÔÛ¨ÓÖ—É˛ ˚—¨ ÛÖÜÚ ÑÖ ×ÖÜÚ Ñ¨— ÛÖ Û¨ÒÌ ÔÛÖ ÛÖÜ. ·×— Ù˛Ú, ÙÌ ¨ÜÛÌ Ú Û—Ú ÞàØÌÚ ˛—¸—àÛÌÜÙ˛ Ñ¨— Ö ×ØÖÙ¨Ô¨ÛÖÒ—ÙÓÖÚ ×ØÖÚ Û˛ÔÑ¨Û¨Ô¨ÒàÙ˛ ÙÛ˛Ø—˝ÌÛ¨— ÙÛ¨ ¸Ü Ö ×—Ö ×ØÖàˇ˛ÓÌ-Ô¨ ÞØ˛Ó¨ÛÖ×—ÙÛàÛ—Ñ¨ ÙÜÙÛ˛ Ó¨Û¨ ÛÖÜ ÑÖ ÙÓÖÜ,×ÖÜ ×¨ØÌ ÞÖÜÔ ÛÌØ¨ ÙÛ—ÌÚ ¸ÜÔ¨ÛÖ Û˛ÛÌÚ Ñ¨Û¨Ô¨-ÒàÛ—ÑÖÜ ¸¨ÔÌ—ÙÓÖÜ ÓÌ Þ¨Ó˛Ò¨ Ì×—ÛÖÑ—¨ Ñ¨— ×ÖÜÌÜÔÖÖÜ Ô Û˛Ô ÌÜ˛ÓÌØ— ¨ ×Ò¨Û—àÔ ÓÌÙ¨— àÔ ÙÛØà-Ó¨ ÛàÔ. `Û˛ ‡ÜÛ—Ñ˛ ·ÜØà×˛ Ý¨— ÔÌÛ¨— Ö Û—Ì×—ÑØ¨ÛÌ— Ó—¨ ×—Ö ÑÜÔ—Ñ˛ ÙÛ¨ Ù˛ ×ØÖÚ Û¨ ¨×ÖÛÌ-ÒÌ ÙÓ¨Û¨ Û˛Ú ¨˚ÖØ¨ Ú Ñ¨—, ÙÜ˚ÞØÖ ÔàÚ Ì— Ô¨— ¨ÓÝ— ÉÖÒÖ ¨Ô Ó×ÖØÖÜ Ô Ö— ÞØ˛Ó¨Û¨˚ÖØÌ Ú Ô¨×¨— ÕÖÜÔ ÛÖ ÙÖ ÓÌ˚¨ ÒÖ ØÖ ÒÖ Ü×ÖÙÛ˛ Ø—Õ˛Ú ÙÛ¨ÓÌÙ¨—¨ ÙÛØàÓ¨Û¨. °ÒÒ˛ ÙÛØ¨Û˛˚—Ñ˛ ÌÔÙàÓ¨-ÛàÙ˛Ú É¨Ù— ˝ÌÛ¨— ÙÛÖ ÛØ— ×ÛÜÞÖ Ì ˇÔÖÚ-ˇØ˛ÙÑÌ— ¨-Ö—ÑÖ˚Ì ÔÌ—¨. °ÒÒ¨ Ñ¨ Û— ×ÖÜ Ó×ÖØÌ— Ô¨ ¸ÖÜÒÌ ßÌ—˚—¨ ÛÖ `¨ØÑÖ˝—, ˛ ˚—¨ ÛÖÔ „¨Ø¨Ó¨ÔÒ˛ ¸Ü ÙÑÖÒ¨ˇ¨ Ó×ÖØÌ— Ô¨ ¨×ÖÛÌÒÌ ÙÌ— É¨ Ù˛ ˚—¨ Ó—¨ ÌÔ¨ÒÒ¨-ÑÛ—Ñ˛ ÑÌÔÛØÖ¨Ø—ÙÛÌØ˛ ÒÜ Ù˛. ˆ×¨ ØÞÌ— ÉÌ É¨—¨ Ñ¨—˛ ÒÜ Ù˛ ÛÖÜ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÖÜ ‚ÙÒ¨ Ó, Ö ×ÖÜ Û¨ — ¸—¨ Û¨ÑÖ ÓÓ¨Û¨ ÙÛ˛Ô ÖÜÙ— ¨ ¨Ô¨Ò¨ÓÉ¨ ÔÖÜÔ Ù˛Ó¨ÔÛ—ÑÌ Ú ×ÛÜÞÌ Ú ÛÖÜ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÖÜ ÑØ¨ ÛÖÜÚ (ÌÜ ØÌÙ˛Ú ÌØ˚¨-Ù— ¨Ú, Ü×ÖÙÛ˛ Ø—Õ˛Ú Ì—ÙÖ¸˛ Ó¨ÛÖÚ ÙÌ ×ÌØ—Ö ¸ÖÜÚÖ—ÑÖ˚ÌÔÌ—¨Ñ˛Ú ÑØ—Ù˛Ú Ñ.Ò×.).»—¨ ¨ ÒÒ˛ ÙÛØ¨Û˛˚—Ñ˛ , ×ÖÜ ¨ØÌ ÙÌ— ÙÛÖÜÚÌÑÙÜ˚ÞØÖÔ—ÙÛ—ÑÖÜ Ú ÑÜ ÑÒÖÜÚ, ÙÛ˛Ø— ˝ÌÛ¨— ÙÛ˛×ØÖÙ×¨ˇÌ—¨ Ô¨ ¸˛Ó—ÖÜØ˚˛ˇÌ— Ø˛˚Ó¨ ÓÌÛ¨ÕÜ ÛàÔ×—Ö ÝÛàÞàÔ ÙÛØàÓ¨ ÛàÔ Ñ¨— ÛàÔ ×—Ö ×ØÖÔÖ-Ó—ÖÜ ÞàÔý ÛÓ˛Ó¨ ÛàÔ Û˛Ú ÌØ˚¨Û—Ñ¨ Û¨ Õ˛Ú. ¶ —¸Ì ¨Ì¸à Ì— Ô¨— Ö Û— Û¨ —ÙÞÜØ¨ ÙÜÔ¸—Ñ¨ Û¨ ÙÛÖÔ —¸—àÛ—ÑÖ ÛÖÓÌ ¨ ˛ ÙÛÖ ¸˛ÓÖ Ù—Ö ÛÖÓÌ ¨ Ó×ÖØÖÜ Ô Ô¨ ×ØÖÙÛ¨-ÛÌ ßÖÜÔ Û¨ ÓÌ Ò˛ ÛÖÜÚ (ÓÌ ÓÌ˚¨ÒÜ ÛÌØÖÜÚ Ó—ÙˇÖÜ Ú,Ñ¨ÒÜ ÛÌØÌÚÙÜÔÛ¨ ÕÌ—ÚÑ.Ò×.)ÙÌÉ¨ ØÖÚÖ ÒàÔ¨ÜÛàÔÛàÔ ÌØ˚¨˝ÖÓÌÔàÔ ×ÖÜ ÉØ—ÙÑÖÔÛ¨— ÌÑÛÖÚý. °Ø¨¨ÜÛÖ— Ö— ÌÑÛÖ Úý Ó×ÖØÖÜ Ô ¸ÜÔ¨ ÓÌ— Ô¨ ÑÌØ¸— ÙÖÜÔ¨×Ö Û—Ú ÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌÒÌÜ ˇÌØÌÚ ÓÌÛ¨ØØÜˇÓ— ÙÌ—Ú. °ÜÛÖ ˛Û¨Ô É¨Ù—ÑÖ ÙÛÖ—ÞÌ—Ö ÛÖÜ ÛØ—ÛÖÜ ¸ØÖÓÖÜý ÛÖÜ»×ÒÌØ, ×ÖÜ Ü—ÖˇÌÛ˛ ˇ˛ÑÌ, ÌÔ ÓÌ ØÌ—, Ñ¨— ¨×Ö ÛÖ¿°`¾„ ÛÖÜ `˛Ó— Û˛ Ñ¨— ÛÖÜ †. ¿¨×¨Ô¸ØÌ ÖÜ. ´Ö×ØÖ ÉÒ˛Ó¨ Ì— Ô¨— Ö Û— Ö— ÌÑÛÖ Úý ÙÜÔ˛ ˇàÚ ¸—¨—Ùˇ¨ -ÔÖÔÛ¨— Ö Û— ÞàØ— Ú Û˛ ¸Ü Ô¨Ó˛ ÛàÔ ÌÔÛÖ Úý Ö—É—ÖÓ˛ Þ¨ÔÖ— ˇ¨ Ì ÞÖÜÔ ÓÌ˚¨ÒÜ ÛÌØ˛ —ÙÞÜ ×¨ ÔàÙÛÖÔ ÑÖ ÙÓÖ Û˛Ú ÌØ˚¨Ù— ¨Ú, Ñ¨— Ö Û— Ó¨ÑØÖ×ØÖ ˇÌÙÓ¨Ó—¨ ÌÜˇÜ˚Ø¨ÓÓ—Ù˛ ÓÌ Û—Ú Ì×—ÒÖ˚ÌÚ ÛÖÜ ÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌ-ÒÌÜˇÌØ—ÙÓÖÜ ¸ÌÔ ˇ¨ ÛÖÜÚ àÝÌÒ˛ ÙÌ—. ‡ÌÔ Ì— Ô¨—ÛÜÞ¨— Ö Ö Û— Ö À— ˚Ñ¨Ô Ñ¨— ˛ •¨ ÛÙÌØ, ¨ ØÞ—Ù¨Ô Û˛ÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌÒÌÜ ˇÌØ˛ ÌÑÙÛØ¨ÛÌ—¨ ÛÖÜÚ ÌÔ¨ÔÛ—¨ ÙÛ¨ ×—ÖÖØ˚¨ÔàÓÌ Ô¨ ÛÓ˛ Ó¨Û¨ Û˛Ú ÌØ˚¨Û—Ñ˛ Ú Û¨ Õ˛Ú, ¨ÒÒ¨ ˚Ø˛ ˚ÖØ¨ Ý¨ Ô˛Ñ¨Ô Ö— Ì×—×ÛàÙÌ—Ú Û˛Ú ˚ÌÔ—ÑÖ ÛÌØ˛ÚÙÛØ¨Û˛˚—Ñ˛ Ú ×¨ Ôà ÙÛ¨ ×—Ö ÝÛàÞ¨ Ñ¨— ¨×ÖÑÒÌ—-ÙÓÌ Ô¨ ÙÛØàÓ¨Û¨ ÛÖÜ ×Ò˛ˇÜÙÓÖÜ .°Ô Ö— ÙÜ ˚ÞØÖÔÖ— ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨ ÛÌÚ ÙÜ˝˛-ÛÖÜ Ô Û˛Ô —ÙÖØØÖ×— ¨ ¸ÜÔ¨ ÓÌàÔ ÌÔÛÖ Ú Û˛Ú ÌØ˚¨Û—-Ñ˛Ú Û¨Õ˛Ú, ¸ÌÔ ¸Ì—ÞÔÖÜÔ Ñ¨Ó—¨ ¸—¨ˇÌÙ˛ Ô¨ ¸ÖÜÔÛÖ ×ØÖ ÉÒ˛Ó¨ ÓÌ Ö ØÖÜÚ ÙÜÙÞÌÛ—ÙÓàÔ ¸ÜÔ¨ ÓÌàÔÓÌÛ¨ÕÜ ÑÌÝ¨Ò¨— ÖÜ Ñ¨— ÌØ˚¨Ù— ¨Ú. „¨— ¨ÜÛÖ ÛÖÜÚÑÖÙÛ—˝Ì— ¸—×Ò¨ (ÙÛØ¨Û˛˚—Ñ¨ Ñ¨— ÌÑÒÖ˚—Ñ¨), Ó—¨Ñ¨— Ö ÑÖ ÙÓÖÚ Ü×Öß—¨ ˝ÌÛ¨— Ö Û— ¨ÜÛ˛ ˛ ¨×ØÖˇÜÓ— ¨Ì— Ô¨— ¨×ÖÛÌ ÒÌÙÓ¨ Û˛Ú ÙÞÌ Ù˛Ú ÛàÔ ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖ-ÑØ¨ÛàÔ ÓÌ ÛÖ ÑÌÝ¨ Ò¨—Ö, ÙÞÌ Ù˛ ×ÖÜ ¸—¨ÓÌÙÖÒ¨-ÉÌ— Û¨— ¨×Ö ×ÖÒÜ¸—¨ ÙÛ¨ÛÌÚ ÓÖØÝÌ Ú ÌÕ¨ ØÛ˛Ù˛Ú Ñ¨— ¸—¨ÝˇÖØ¨ Ú. ¶ ÌØàÛ˛Ù˛ Ñ¨Û¨ ×Ö ÙÖ ×ØÌ ×Ì— ˛ÙÜ ˚ÞØÖÔ˛ ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û—¨ Ô¨ ¸—¨×Ø¨˚Ó¨ÛÌÜ-ÛÌ—ÌÔ¨ ÔÌÖ ÙÜÓÉ—É¨ÙÓÖ ÓÌÛ¨ÕÜ ÛàÔ ¨Ô¨˚ÑàÔ ÛÖÜÑÌÝ¨Ò¨— ÖÜ ˚—¨ ÑÌ Ø¸˛ Ñ¨— ÛàÔ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑàÔ¨Ô¨˚ÑàÔ ÛÖÜ ÑÖ ÙÓÖÜ Û˛Ú ÌØ˚¨Ù— ¨Ú (Ñ¨— ÛàÔ¨×ÖÑÒÌ—ÙÓÌÔàÔ ÖÓ¨¸àÔ) Ý¨—ÔÌÛ¨— ÌØàÛ˛Ù˛ ×Ì-Ø¨ÔÛàÔÖØ— àÔ.¿Ö ÙÖÓ¨ ÒÒÖÔÔ¨ÌØàÛ˛ˇÖÜ Ô×Ö—ÌÚÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÌ Ú ¸ÜÔ¨ ÓÌ—Ú, ÓÌ ×Ö—ÌÚ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÌ Ú Ñ¨—Ñ—Ô˛Ó¨Û—ÑÌ Ú Ì×—ÒÖ˚Ì Ú, Ì ÞÖÜÔ Û˛ ¸ÜÔ¨ÛÖ Û˛Û¨ Ô¨¨ÒÒ¨ ÕÖÜÔ ÛÖÜÚ ÙÜÙÞÌÛ—ÙÓÖÜ Ú ÙÛÖ ×Ò¨— Ù—Ö Ó—¨ÚÛÌ ÛÖ—¨Ú ¸—¨×Ø¨˚Ó¨ ÛÌÜÙ˛Ú. ¾Û¨Ô Ö— ˛˚Ì ÛÌÚ Û˛ÚÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û— ¨Ú Ì×—Ñ¨ÒÖÜ ÔÛ¨— Û¨ —ÙÞÜØ¨ ÙÜÓÝÌØÖÔÛ¨ý, ¨ÜÛÖ Ì—Ô¨— ˚—¨ ÒÖ˚ÖÜÚ ÌÙàÛÌØ—Ñ˛ÚÙÜÙ×Ì— ØàÙ˛Ú. ¶ Ø˛ÛÖØ—Ñ˛ ¨ÜÛ˛ ¸ÌÔ ÙÜÔ¸Ì ÌÛ¨— ÓÌÛÖ ˚ÌÔ—ÑÖ ÛÌØÖ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÖ ÙÞÌ ¸—Ö ˛ ÓÌ Û˛Ô ×ØÖÛÌ—-ÔÖÓÌÔ˛ Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—Ñ˛ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛. `Û—Ú ÌÑ¸˛ÒàÙÌ—ÚÛÖÜ Economistý Ñ¨— ÙÛ¨ ÙÜÔÌ ¸Ø—¨ ÛÖÜ …Û¨ÉÖ ÚÌÕ¨ÒÌ— ÝÖÔÛ¨— Ö ÒÌÚ Ö— ¨Ô¨ÝÖØÌ Ú ÙÛ¨ —ÙÞÜØ¨ ÙÜÓÝÌ ØÖÔÛ¨ Ñ¨— ÛÖ ¨ ˚ÞÖÚ Ì— Ô¨— Ô¨ ×Ì—ÙÛÖÜ Ô Ö—¨ÔÛ—×ØÖ Ùà×Ö— ÛàÔ —ÙÞÜØàÔ ÙÜÓÝÌØÖ ÔÛàÔ ×àÚ Ö— ÑÌÔÛØÖ¨Ø—ÙÛÌØÖ— Ì ÞÖÜÔ ÛÖ ÙÖ ˇÌÛ—Ñ˛ ÙÛ¨ Ù˛ ×ØÖÚÛ—Ú ¨˚ÖØÌ Ú, ×ØÖÚ Û˛Ô Ì×—ÞÌ—Ø˛Ó¨Û—ÑÖ Û˛Û¨ Ñ¨— Û˛Ô—¸—àÛ—Ñ˛ ×ØàÛÖÉÖÜÒ—¨ ÖÙÖ ÌÞÖÜÔ Ñ¨— Ö— ÑÌÔÛØÖ-¸ÌÕ—Ö— .¶ ÙÜ ˚ÞØÖÔ˛ ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û— ¨, Ì ÞÌ— Ñ¨— Ì Ô¨¨ÒÒÖ ×ØÖÉÒ˛Ó¨. »Ì Û˛ ÙÜ ˚ÑÒ—Ù˛ Û˛Ú ÙÛÖÑÜØ— ¨ØÞÖ Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—ÑÖ ÓÖÔÛÌ ÒÖ, ˛ ‡ÌÕ—¨ Ì— Ô¨—ÌÒÌÜ ˇÌØ˛ Ô¨ ×¨— ÕÌ— ÙÌ ¨ ÒÒ¨ Û¨Ó×ÒÖ . »Ì Ò— ˚¨ÒÖ ˚—¨, Ì— Ô¨— ×—Ö ÌÜ ÑÖÒÖ ˚—¨ Û˛ ‡ÌÕ—¨ Ô¨ Ñ—Ô˛ÛÖ-×Ö—Ì— ÑÖ ÙÓÖ ÓÌ É¨ Ù˛ ÛÖ Ì ˇÔÖÚ Ñ¨— ¸—¨ ÝÖØÌÚ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÙÛ—ÑÌ Ú ¸—¨ÝÖØÌ Ú, Ö Û¨Ô ¸ÌÔ Ì ÞÌ— Ì Ô¨ ¨ÔÛ¨-˚àÔ—ÙÛ—ÑÖ ÑÖ ÓÓ¨ ÌÕÖÜÙ— ¨Ú Ô¨ Ñ—Ô˛ÛÖ×Ö—Ì— Û¨Ò¨— ¢Ñ¨ ÙÛØàÓ¨Û¨ ÓÌ É¨Ù˛ Û¨ Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—Ñ¨ ˝˛Û˛Ó¨-Û¨ Û˛Ú ÝÛàÞÌ—¨Ú, Û˛Ú ¨ÔÌØ˚— ¨Ú Ñ¨— Û¨ ÒÖ—×¨ . ¶˛˚ÌÓÖÔ— ¨ Û˛Ú ‡ÌÕ—¨ Ú, ¸˛Ò¨¸˛ , ¸ÌÔ É¨Ù— ˝ÌÛ¨— ÓÖ ÔÖÙÛÖ Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—ÑÖ ÓÖÔÛÌÒÖ, Û¨ ˇÌÛ—Ñ¨ ¨×ÖÛÌÒÌÙÓ¨Û¨ÛÖÜ Ö×Ö— ÖÜ ÌÕ¨ ÒÒÖÜ ¨Ø˚ÖÜ Ô Ô¨ ÌÓÝ¨Ô—ÙÛÖÜ Ô×¨Ø¨ Û—Ú ÙÜÔÌÞÌ— Ú Ü×ÖÙÞÌ ÙÌ—Ú, ¨ÒÒ¨ ÙÌ ÙÜ ÔˇÌÛ¨×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ¨ ÙÞÌ ¸—¨. ¶˚ÌÓÖÔ— ¨, ¸˛Ò¨¸˛ , ÓÌ Û˛Ô ×—ÖÖÒÖÑÒ˛ØàÓÌ Ô˛ ÓÖØÝ˛ . ¯àØ— Ú ÙÜ˝˛ Û˛Ù˛ ˚—¨ Û˛Ô Û¨Õ—Ñ˛ É¨ Ù˛ Û˛Ú ÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌÒÌÜ ˇÌØ˛Ú Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—Ñ˛ Ú×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ Ú, ˚—¨ Û¨ ÙÛÖ—ÞÌ— ¨ Ó—¨Ú ÌÔ¨ÒÒ¨ÑÛ—Ñ˛ ÚÖ—ÑÖÔÖÓ—Ñ˛Ú ×ØÖÛ¨Ù˛Ú, ˚—¨ Û—Ú ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÌÚ Ñ¨—Ñ—Ô˛Ó¨Û—ÑÌ Ú ÙÛØ¨Û˛˚—ÑÌ Ú ×ÖÜ ˇ¨ Ó×ÖØÖÜ Ù¨Ô Ô¨Ü×˛ØÌÛ˛ ÙÖÜÔ Ó—¨ÛÌ ÛÖ—¨ ÌÔ¨ÒÒ¨ÑÛ—Ñ˛ ×ØÖÖ×Û—Ñ˛ ,¸Ü ÙÑÖÒ¨ ˇ¨ Ó×ÖØÌÙÌ— Ô¨ ¨Ô¨Ñ¨ÓßÌ— ˛ ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛-ÓÖÑØ¨Û— ¨. ·ÑÛÖ Ú Ñ¨— ¨Ô Ö ÙÛÖ ÞÖÚ Û˛Ú Ì— Ô¨— ˛Ü—ÖˇÌ Û˛Ù˛ ÛÖÜ ¨ÓÌØ—Ñ¨Ô—ÑÖÜ ÓÖÔÛÌ ÒÖÜ ÓÌ Ö ,Û—Ù˛Ó¨— ÔÌ—¨ÜÛÖ ˚—¨Û˛Ô×Ö—Ö Û˛Û¨ Û˛Ú ¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û— ¨Ú,ÛÖ ØÖ ÒÖ ÛÖÜ ÞØ˛ Ó¨ÛÖÚ ÙÛ˛Ô ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ Ñ¨— Ö—ÑÖÔÖ- Ó—Ñ˛ ˝à˛ , ˚—¨ Û˛ ˇÌ Ù˛ ÛàÔ Ò¨— ¢ÑàÔ ÙÛØàÓ¨ ÛàÔÑ¨— ×ÌØ—ˇàØ—Ö×Ö—˛ÓÌ ÔàÔ ÖÓ¨ ¸àÔ, Ñ¨— ˚—¨ ¨ ÒÒ¨×ÖÒÒ¨.¶×ØÖÖ×Û—Ñ˛ Û˛ÚØ—˝ÖÙ×¨ÙÛ—Ñ˛ Ú°Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨ Úˇ¨ ÌÕ¨ØÛ˛ˇÌ— ¨×Ö Û˛Ô—Ñ¨ÔÖ Û˛Û¨ Û˛ÚÔ¨ÌÑÓÌÛ¨ÒÒÌÜ-ÛÌ— ¨ÜÛ¨ Û¨ ÑÌÔ¨ Û˛Ú ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨Û—¨Ú. ‡ÌÔ¸ÌÙÓÌÜ ÌÛ¨— ¨×Ö ÛÖ Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—ÑÖ ÓÖÔÛÌ ÒÖ ÛÖÜÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌÒÌÜˇÌØ—ÙÓÖÜ , Ñ¨— ÉÌÉ¨— àÚ ˛ Ñ—Ô˛Ó¨Û—Ñ˛ ÒÖ˚—Ñ˛ ˚—¨ Ô¨ ¨ÒÒ¨ ÕÖÜÔ Ö— ÙÜÙÞÌÛ—ÙÓÖ— ¨×ÖÛÌÒÌ— ÙÜÙÛ¨Û—ÑÖ ÙÛÖ—ÞÌ— Ö ¨ÜÛ˛ Ú Û˛Ú °Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨ Ú. ´àØ¨ Ì— Ô¨— Ö Ñ¨—ØÖ Ú ˚—¨ Û˛ ÙÜ˝˛ Û˛Ù˛ ÛàÔ ÓÌ˚¨ ÒàÔ˝˛Û˛Ó¨ ÛàÔ ÙÛØ¨Û˛˚—Ñ˛ Ú ×ÖÜ ×ØÖÑÜ ×ÛÖÜÔ, ˚—¨ ÛÖ×àÚ ÙÜÔ¸ÌÖÜÓÌ ÛÖ ÖØ¨Ó¨ Ó¨Ú ˚—¨ ÛÖ ÙÖÙ—¨Ò—ÙÓÖÓÌ ¸—ÌÑ¸—Ñ˛Û—Ñ¨ ÉØ¨ÞÜ×ØÖ ˇÌÙÓ¨ Ñ¨— ÓÌÙÖ×ØÖ - ˇÌÙÓ¨ ×ØÖ˚Ø¨ ÓÓ¨Û¨ ×ÖÜ ¸—¨ÓÖØÝàÔÖÜÔ ÔÌ ÖÜÚÙÜÙÞÌÛ—ÙÓÖÜ Ú Ñ¨— Ø˛˚Ó¨Û¨ ÓÌ ÛÖ Ü×¨ØÞÖÔÖ—ÑÖÔÖÓ—ÑÖ ÙÜ ÙÛ˛Ó¨.

·ÜÑÒÌå¸˛Ú ´Ù¨Ñ¨ÒÛÖÙ

ˆÀ‚°„¶28¾„´˙–À‚¾ˆ2007

„Ö ÓÓ¨Û¨ Ñ¨— ¨ÔÛ—×ØÖÙà×ÌÜÙ˛:Û¨ ¸Ü Ö ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ—Ñ¨ ÙÞÌ ¸—¨ ÙÛ˛Ô ·ÒÒ¨ ¸¨

¿ÖÒ—Û—ÑæÚ—¸ÌÖÒÖ˚—ÑæÚÓ˛Þ¨Ô—ÙÓæÚ

¿Ò˛ˇ¨—ÔÖÜÔ Û¨ ÛÌÒÌÜÛ¨—¨ ÞØÖÔ—¨ Û¨Ý¨—ÔÖ ÓÌÔ¨ ¸ÜÙÒÌ—ÛÖÜØ˚— ¨Ú ÛàÔ ˇÌ-ÙÓàÔ, ¸˛Ò¨¸˛ ÛàÔ Ò—˚Ö ÛÌØÖ ˛ ×ÌØ—ÙÙÖÛÌØÖ ÙÛ¨ˇÌØàÔ ¸ÖÓàÔ ×ÖÜÙÛÌ˚¨ ˝ÖÜÔ ÛÖÜÚ —¸ÌÖÒÖ˚—ÑÖÜ Ú Ñ¨—Ñ¨Û¨ÙÛ¨ÒÛ—ÑÖÜ Ú Ó˛Þ¨Ô—ÙÓÖÜ Ú ÛÖÜÑØ¨ÛÖÜÚ. `ÛÖ ÑÌÔÛØÖ ¨ÜÛàÔ ÛàÔ¸—ÌØ˚¨Ù—àÔ ÉØ— ÙÑÌÛ¨— ÙÜÞÔ¨ Ö ×Ö- Ò—Û—ÑÖ Ú —¸ÌÖÒÖ˚—ÑÖ Ú Ó˛Þ¨Ô—ÙÓÖ Ú ÓÌÑÜ Ø—¨ ÙÜÙÛ¨Û—Ñ¨ ÛÖÜ Û¨ ÑÖÓÓ¨Û¨Ñ¨— ÛÖ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÖ ÙÜ ÙÛ˛Ó¨ ¨ÔÛ—×ØÖ-Ùà×ÌÜÙ˛Ú. ¾ ×ÌØ—˚Ø¨Ý—ÑÖ Ú ÛØÖ ×ÖÚÓÌ ÛÖÔ Ö×Ö— Ö ÙÜÔ˛ˇ— ˝ÌÛ¨— Ô¨ ¨×Ö¸— -¸ÌÛ¨— ¨ÜÛÖ ÛÖ Ý¨—ÔÖÓÌÔÖ ÙÜÔÖÒ—Ñ˛Ú×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ ÚØÌÜÙÛÖ Û˛Û¨ÚÌ— Ô¨—˛

ÑØ— Ù˛ÛÖÜ ¸—ÑÖÓÓ¨Û—ÙÓÖÜ 

Ñ¨— ˛

Þ¨Ò¨  ØàÙ˛ÛàÔ ¸ÌÙÓàÔ ÌÑ×ØÖÙà×˛Ù˛Ú ÙÛÖ ¨ÔÛ—×ØÖÙà×ÌÜÛ—ÑÖ ÙÜ ÙÛ˛Ó¨.

°Ô ¸—ÌØÌÜÔ˛ˇÌ— ×Ö ÛÌ ÌÓÝ¨Ô— ˝Ì-Û¨— Ñ¨— ÌÓ×Ì¸àÔÌÛ¨— ˛ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ØÌÜÙÛÖÛ˛Û¨, àÚ ÙÜ˚ÑÌÑØ—ÓÌÔ˛ ÌÑ-Ý¨ÔÙ˛ ÛàÔ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑàÔ —¸ÌÖÒÖ˚—ÑàÔÓ˛Þ¨Ô—ÙÓàÔ, ¸—¨×—ÙÛàÔÌÛ¨— Ö Û—ÛÖÜ ÛÖ Ò¨ÓÉ¨ÔÌ— ÞàØ¨ ÙÌ Ý¨ÙÌ—ÚÑ¨Û¨ Û—Ú Ö×Ö— ÌÚ Ó—¨ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ ×ØÖ Û¨-Ù˛ ÌÕ¨ÔÛÒÌ— Û˛Ô ×ØÖàˇ˛Û—Ñ˛ ¸ÜÔ¨-Ó—Ñ˛ Û˛Ú Ñ¨— Û˛Ô —Ñ¨ÔÖ Û˛Û¨ ÙÜÙ×Ì— -ØàÙ˛Ú ÛàÔ ¨Ô¨˚Ñ¨— àÔ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑàÔÙÜÓÓ¨Þ—àÔ ˚Ü Øà ¨×Ö ÛÖÜÚ É¨Ù—-ÑÖÜ Ú ¨ ÕÖÔÌ Ú Û˛Ú, Ö Û¨Ô ¸˛Ò¨¸˛ ¨×ÖÙ¨ˇØàÔÖÔÛ¨— Û¨ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—Ñ¨ ÙÛ˛-Ø— ˚Ó¨Û¨ ÛàÔ ÑÜØ— ¨ØÞàÔ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑàÔ,Ö ×àÚ ÙÜÔÌ É˛ Ñ¨Û’ Ì×¨Ô¨ Ò˛ß˛ ÙÛ˛ÔÓÌÛ¨×ÖÒ—ÛÌÜÛ—Ñ˛ ×ÌØ—Ö¸Ö Ì×Ì—Û¨ ¨×ÖÓ¨ÑØÌ Ú ×ÌØ—Ö ¸ÖÜÚ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑàÔ Ò—ÛÖ -Û˛Û¨Ú Ñ¨— ÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌÒÌÜ ˇÌØ˛Ú Ì×— ˇÌ-Ù˛Ú.

¿ÖÒ—Û—ÑªÌÑ×ØÖÙ×˛Ù˛Ñ¨—ÖØ˚ÆÔàÙ˛Û˛ÚÙÜÔ¨åÔÌÙ˛Ú

¿Ö—ÖÚ Ì— Ô¨—, Ö ÓàÚ, Ö Þ¨Ø¨ÑÛ˛ Ø¨ÚÛàÔ ¸ÌÙÓàÔ ×ÖÜ ÙÜÔ¸Ì ÖÜÔ Ì Ô¨ÑÖ ÓÓ¨ ÌÕÖÜÙ— ¨Ú ÓÌ Û¨ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—Ñ¨ Ü×ÖÙÛ˛Ø— ˚Ó¨Û¨ ÛÖÜ Ñ¨— Û— ¨ÑØ—ÉàÚ ÙÜÓÉ¨— ÔÌ— ÙÛ˛Ô ×ÌØ— Ö¸Ö Þ¨Ò¨ ØàÙ˛ ÚÛÖÜÚ;´¨ Ñ¨ˇÌÙÛàÛ—Ñ¨ ý ÑÖ ÓÓ¨Û¨, ×ÖÜ ÙÛÖÞÌÜ ÖÜÔ ÙÛ˛ ¸—¨ÑÜÉÌ ØÔ˛Ù˛,¸˛Ò¨¸˛ ÙÛ˛ ¸—¨ÞÌ— Ø—Ù˛ ÛÖÜ Ñ¨×—Û¨-Ò—ÙÛ—ÑÖÜ ÑØ¨ÛÖÜÚ Ñ¨— ÛÖÜ ¨ÙÛ—ÑÖÜ Ñ¨ˇÌÙÛàÛÖÚ, ¨×ÖÛÌÒÖÜ Ô ÛÓ˛ Ó¨ ÛÖÜÑØ¨ ÛÖÜÚ

ÛÖÜ ×Ø¨˚Ó¨Û—ÑÖÜ ×ÖÒ—-Û—ÑÖÜ ÌÑ×ØÖÙà×ÖÜý ÛàÔ ÑÜØ—¨ØÞàÔÛ¨ ÕÌàÔ,ÓÌÒÌ—ÛÖÜØ˚— ¨Ñ¨—¨×ÖÙÛÖÒ˛ Û˛Ô ÖØ˚¨ ÔàÙ˛ Û˛Ú Ò¨— ¢Ñ˛ Ú ¨ÔÛ—×ØÖ-Ùà×ÌÜÙ˛Ú, Û˛Ô ¨Ô¨×¨Ø¨˚à˚˛ Û˛Ú

ÙÜÔ¨— ÔÌÙ˛Ú ÙÛ˛Ô

¨ÙÛ—Ñ˛ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛  (Ñ¨— ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—Ñ˛ )

ÑÜØ—¨ØÞ— ¨,

Û˛ÔÜ×¨˚à˚˛ ÙÛÖ ¨ÔÛ—×ØÖÙà×ÌÜÛ—ÑÖ ÙÜ ÙÛ˛Ó¨ ÛàÔ ¸—¨ÝÖØÌÛ—ÑàÔ ÑÖ—Ôà-Ô—ÑàÔ Ñ¨— ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑàÔ ×Ø¨ÑÛ—ÑàÔ Ñ¨—¨—Û˛Ó¨ ÛàÔ Ñ¨— Û˛Ô ÌÔÙàÓ¨ ÛàÙ˛ ÛÖÜÚ ÙÛÖ ×Ò¨—Ù—Ö Û˛Ú

¨ÙÛ—Ñ˛Ú-ÑØ¨-Û—Ñ˛Ú ÙÛØ¨Û˛˚—Ñ˛Ú.

´¨ ÑÖ ÓÓ¨Û¨ Ñ¨— ÑÜØ— àÚ Û¨ÑÖ ÓÓ¨Û¨ ÌÕÖÜÙ— ¨Ú ¸ÌÔ Ì— Ô¨— ÑÖ ÓÓ¨-Û¨ Û¨ ÕÌàÔ (×.Þ. ÛÖ ÑÖ ÓÓ¨ ÛÖÜ ÓÌ˚¨ ÒÖÜ ÑÌÝ¨Ò¨— ÖÜ, ÛÖ ÑÖ ÓÓ¨ ÛÖÜÓÌÙ¨— ÖÜ ÑÌÝ¨Ò¨— ÖÜ Ñ¨— ÛàÔ Ó—ÑØÖ- ¨ÙÛàÔ), ¨ÒÒ¨ ÑÖ ÓÓ¨Û¨ ×ÖÜ ¨ØˇØà-ÔÖÔÛ¨— ˚Ü Øà ¨×Ö ÙÜÔÖÒ—ÑÌÚ ×ØÖÛ¨-ÙÌ—Ú ¸—¨ÞÌ—Ø—Ù˛Ú Ñ¨— ÖØ˚¨ÔàÙ˛Ú Û˛ÚÙÜÔ¨— ÔÌÙ˛Ú ÛàÔ ÑÜØ—¨ØÞÖÜÓÌ ÔàÔÛ¨ ÕÌàÔ ÙÛ—Ú ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ—ÑÌ Ú Ì×—ÒÖ˚Ì ÚÛàÔ ÑÜØ—¨ØÞàÔ ¨ÙÛ—ÑàÔ ÓÌØ—¸àÔ.´¨ Ñ¨ˇÌÙÛàÛ—Ñ¨ ý ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ¨ ÑÖ ÓÓ¨Û¨ Ñ¨— ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ¨ ×ØÖ˚Ø¨ ÓÓ¨-Û¨ ¸ÌÔ ¸—¨ÝÖØÖ×Ö—ÖÜ ÔÛ¨— ÓÌÛ¨ÕÜ ÛÖÜÚ Ì×Ì—¸˛ ÌÑ×ØÖÙà×ÖÜ Ô ¸—¨ÝÖØÌ-Û—Ñ¨ ÛÓ˛ Ó¨Û¨ ˛ ÓÌØ— ¸ÌÚ Û˛Ú ¨ÙÛ—Ñ˛ ÚÛ¨Õ˛Ú, ¨ÒÒ¨ ˚—¨Û—¨×ÖÛÜ×àÔÖÜÔÌÔ¨¸—¨ÝÖØÌÛ—ÑÖ ÛÜ ×Ö ¨ÔÛ—×ØÖÙà×ÌÜÙ˛ÚÛàÔ¨ÔÛ—Ý¨Û—ÑàÔ ÙÜÓÝÌØÖ ÔÛàÔ ÛàÔÑÜØ—¨ØÞÖÜ ÓÌÔàÔ Û¨ ÕÌàÔ ÙÛÖ ÌÙà-ÛÌØ—ÑÖ ÛÖÜ ˚ÌÔ—ÑÖÜ ¨ÙÛ—ÑÖÜ ÙÜÓÝÌ-ØÖÔÛÖÚ.´Ö ÑÖ—ÔÖÉÖÜÒÌÜÛ—ÑÖ Ý—ÒÛØ¨ Ø—-ÙÓ¨ ÛàÔ Û¨Õ—ÑàÔ ×Ø¨ÑÛ—ÑàÔ Ö¸˛˚Ì— ÙÛ˛Ô ¨ÔÛ—×ØÖÙà×ÌÜÙ˛ ÛÖÜÚý ÓÌ Ù¨ ÙÛÖÑØ¨ ÛÖÚ,Ì×—ÛØÌ ×Ì—¸˛Ò¨¸˛ ÛÌÒ—Ñ¨ Û˛Ô Ü×ÖÛ¨˚˛ ÛÖÜÚ ÙÛÖ ˚ÌÔ—ÑÖ ÑÌÝ¨-Ò¨—ÖÑØ¨Û—ÑÖ ÙÜÓÝÌØÖÔ, ×ÖÜ ×¨Ø—-ÙÛ¨Û¨— ÓÌ Û˛ ÓÖØÝ˛ ÛÖÜ ˚ÌÔ—ÑÖÜ -ÌˇÔ—ÑÖÜ ÙÜÓÝÌ ØÖÔÛÖÚ.

¶˚ÌÓÖÔå¨ÑÖÓÓÆÛàÔª˛˚ÌÓÖÔå¨×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÔ;

´˛ÙÜ ˚ÞØÖÔ˛ÓÌÛ¨×ÖÒ—ÛÌÜÛ—Ñ˛ —ÙÛÖ-Ø— ¨ Ó×ÖØÖÜ ÓÌ Ô¨ Û˛Ô ¨ÔÛ—ÑØ— ÙÖÜÓÌÓÌ ¸Ü Ö ¸—¨ÑØ—ÛÖÜ Ú ÛØÖ ×ÖÜÚ: Ì— ÛÌ àÚ ×ÌØ—Ö ¸ÖÜÚ ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ— ¨Ú ÛÖÜ ÌÔÖ Ú ˛ ÛÖÜ¨ÒÒÖÜÑÖÓÓ¨ÛÖÚÌÕÖÜÙ—¨Ú,Ö×ÖÛÌÑ¨—Ñ¨Û¨ÔÖÖÜ ÓÌ Û¨ ÖÙ¨ ÙÜÔÌÉ˛Ù¨Ô ÓÌ¨ÔÛ— ÙÛÖ—ÞÖ ÌØÓ˛ÔÌÜÛ—ÑÖ ×Ò¨— Ù—Ö,Ì— ÛÌ àÚ ×ÌØ—Ö ¸ÖÜÚ ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ— ¨Ú ÙÜ˚ÑÌ-ÑØ—ÓÌ ÔàÔ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑàÔ ×ØÖÛ¨ ÙÌàÔ¸—¨ÞÌ— Ø—Ù˛Ú Ñ¨— ÖØ˚¨ ÔàÙ˛Ú Û˛Ú ÙÜÔ¨— ÔÌÙ˛Ú ÛàÔ ÑÜØ—¨ØÞÖÜÓÌ ÔàÔ.`Û˛Ô ×ØàÛ˛ ÌØÓ˛ÔÌ— ¨, ˛˚ÌÓÖ-ÔÌÜ Ì— ÛÖ ¿°`¾„ ˚—¨ Ù˛Ó¨ÔÛ—Ñ˛ ÞØÖÔ—Ñ˛ ×ÌØ— Ö¸Ö, ¨Ô Ñ¨— ÓÌ ¨ÔÛ—-ÑØÖÜÖÓÌÔÌÚ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÌÚ, ÌÔà ÙÛ¨Ü×ÖÒÖ—×¨ ÞØÖÔ—¨ ¨Ô¨¸Ü ÌÛ¨— ˛ …‡,Ñ¨— ×¨ Ò— ÓÌ ¸—¨ÝÖØÌÛ—Ñ¨ ×ØÖ Ùà×¨.`Û˛¸ÌÜ ÛÌØ˛×ØÖÑÜ ×ÛÖÜÔÌÕ¨—ØÌÛ—Ñ¨ ÉØ¨ÞÌ— ÌÚ ×ÌØ— Ö¸Ö— ÌÔ— ÙÞÜÙ˛Ú Û˛ÚˇÌ Ù˛Ú ÛàÔ ¸ÜÔ¨ ÓÌàÔ Û˛Ú ÌØ˚¨Ù— ¨Ú ÙÛ˛Ô ¨ÓÌ ÙàÚ ÓÌÛ¨ Û˛ »ÌÛ¨×ÖÒ— ÛÌÜ-Ù˛ ×ÌØ— Ö¸Ö Ñ¨— ÙÛ¨ ×ØàÛ¨ ÞØÖ Ô—¨ÓÌÛ¨ ÛÖ1981,˚—¨Ô¨ ¨ÑÖÒÖÜˇ˛ ÙÖÜÔ ×ÌØ— Ö¸Ö— ¸˛ÓÖÙ—ÖÔÖÓ—Ñ˛ Ú ×ØÖÙ¨Ø-ÓÖ˚˛ Úý, ˛ ×—¨Ú ˛ ¨ ˚Ø—¨Ú Ò—ÛÖ Û˛Û¨ÚÑ¨— ÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌÒÌÜ ˇÌØ˛Ú Ì×—ˇÌÙ˛Ú Ü×ÖÛÖ Ì Ô¨ (…‡) ˛ ÛÖ ¨ ÒÒÖ (¿°`¾„)ÑÖ—ÔÖÉÖÜÒÌÜÛ—ÑÖ ×ØÖ Ù˛ÓÖ.¶ Ù˛ÓÌØ—Ô˛ , ¨Ô¨ÓÝ— ÉÖÒ¨ ÙÛØ¨-Û˛˚—Ñ˛ , ÑØ— Ù˛ ÛÖÜ ¿°`¾„ ˚— ÔÌÛ¨— ÒÖ—×Ö Ô Ñ¨Û¨ÔÖ˛Û˛ àÚ Ñ¨— Ø—¨ ¨¸Ü-Ô¨Ó— ¨ ÖØ˚¨ ÔàÙ˛Ú Û˛Ú ÙÜÔ¨— ÔÌÙ˛ÚÛàÔ ÌØ˚¨Û—ÑàÔ Ñ¨— Ò¨— ¢ÑàÔ ÑÖ—Ôà-Ô—ÑàÔ ÙÛØàÓ¨ ÛàÔ, ÓÌ Û¨ Ö×Ö— ¨×¨Ø¨¸ÖÙ—¨Ñ¨ ¸—¨Û˛ØÖÜ ÙÌ —ÙÞÜØÖÜ Ú¸ÌÙÓÖÜ Ú, ÙÛÖ ÌÝ—ÑÛÖý Ó—¨Ú ÑØ¨Û—-Ñ˛ Ú ¸—¨ÞÌ— Ø—Ù˛Ú ×ÖÜ Ü×¨˚ÖØÌÜ ÌÛ¨—¨×Ö Û—Ú Ì×—Û¨˚Ì Ú ÛÖÜ ÌÑÙÜ˚ÞØÖ-Ô—ÙÓÌ ÔÖÜý ÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌÒÌÜ ˇÌØÖÜ ÑØ¨ -ÛÖÜÚ. »—¨Ú ÙÛØÖÝ˛ Ú Û˛Ú ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛-ÓÖÑØ¨Û— ¨Ú ×ÖÜ ¸ÌÔ Ó×ÖØÌ— Ô¨ Ì˚-˚Ø¨ÝÌ— ÙÛ˛Ô —ÙÛÖØ—Ñ˛ ×¨Ø¨ ¸ÖÙ˛Ó—¨Ú ÓÌÛ¨ØØÜˇÓ—ÙÛ—Ñ˛ Ú-×ØÖÖ¸ÌÜÛ—-Ñ˛ Ú ¸—¨ÞÌ— Ø—Ù˛Ú ÛÖÜ Ñ¨×—Û¨Ò—ÙÛ—ÑÖÜ ÑØ¨ ÛÖÜÚ ×ÖÜ Ì×—ÑØ¨ Û˛ÙÌ ÙÛÖ ¸ÌÜ ÛÌ-ØÖ Ó—ÙÖ ÛÖÜ 20ÖÜ ¨—àÔ¨ Ì àÚ ÛÖÕÌÙ×¨ÙÓ¨ Û˛Ú ¸—ÌˇÔÖÜ Ú Ö—ÑÖÔÖÓ—-Ñ˛Ú ÑØ—Ù˛Ú Ü×ÌØÙÜÙÙàØÌÜÙ˛Ú ÙÛ¨ÓÌ Ù¨ Û˛Ú ¸ÌÑ¨ÌÛ— ¨Ú ÛÖÜ 1970, Û˛Ô˛ ÛÛ¨ ÛÖÜ ÌØ˚¨Û—ÑÖÜ Ñ—Ô˛ Ó¨ÛÖÚ ¸—Ì-ˇÔàÚ, Û˛Ô Ì×—ÑØ¨ Û˛Ù˛ ÛÖÜ ÔÌÖÝ—ÒÌ-ÒÌÜˇÌØ—ÙÓÖÜ Ñ¨— Û˛Ô Ñ¨Û¨ ØØÌÜÙ˛ÛàÔ Ñ¨ˇÌÙÛàÛàÔ Û˛Ú °Ô¨ÛÖÒ—Ñ˛ Ú·ÜØà×˛Ú.

¶ÙÛØ¨Û˛˚—ÑªÑØåÙ˛ÛÖÜ¿°`¾„

¿Ö—Ö ˛ Û¨Ô Ö ÓàÚ ÛÖ ¨— Û—Ö ×ÖÜ, ×¨Ø¨ Û˛Ô Ì×—ÑØ¨Û˛Ù˛ ÛÖÜ Ù˛Ó—Û—ÑÖÜ ÌÑÙÜ˚ÞØÖÔ—ÙÓÖÜ ý Ì×— Ó—¨ ÖÑÛ¨Ì-Û— ¨, Ö¸˛ ˚˛ÙÌ ÛÖ ¿°`¾„ ÙÌ ˛ ÛÛ¨ Ñ¨—Ó¨Ø¨ÙÓÖ ; ¶ ¨×Ö ×Ì—Ø¨ ÛÖÜ Ô¨ÒÜ ÙÌ—ý ÛÖ °ÙÝ¨Ò—ÙÛ—ÑÖ ÙÛ˛Ô ÖÑÛ¨-ÌÛ— ¨ ¨ÜÛ˛ Ñ¨— ˛ ¨ Û¨ÑÛ˛ Ü×ÖÞàØ˛Ù˛ÙÛ˛Ô Ö×Ö—¨ ÌÕ¨Ô¨˚Ñ¨ÙÛ˛ÑÌ Ì¸Ì—ÕÌ¨ÝÌÔÖÚ ÙÛÖ ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ—ÑÖ Ó×ÒÖÑ Û¨Ö Ø—¨ Û˛Ú ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ Ú ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ— ¨Ú ÛÖÜÑ¨— Û˛Ô Ì×— ¸Ø¨Ù˛ ×ÖÜ ¨ÜÛ˛ Ó×Ö-ØÖÜ ÙÌ Ô¨ ÌÞÌ— ×¨Ôà ÙÛÖÜÚ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—-ÑÖÜ Ú ÙÜÙÞÌÛ—ÙÓÖÜ Ú, ¨ÝÌÛÌ ØÖÜ Ì—ÑÖ-ÔÖ˚Ø¨ Ý˛ÙÌ ¨Ô¨ ˚ÒÜÝ¨ ÙÛ¨ Ó¨ Û—¨ÛàÔ ÑÜØ—¨ØÞÖÜ ÓÌÔàÔ Ö Û— ˛ ÔÌÖÝ—-ÒÌÒÌÜ ˇÌØ˛ ¸—¨ÞÌ— Ø—Ù˛ ¸ÌÔ ˛ Û¨Ô ¨×ÒàÚ ÙÜ˚ÑÜØ—¨Ñ˛ Ì×— ÙÛØàÙ˛ ÛàÔÑØ¨Û—ÑàÔ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑàÔ, Û¨ÑÛ—Ñ˛ ¨Ô¨-¸— ×ÒàÙ˛ ÛàÔ ÙÖÙ—¨Ò¸˛ÓÖÑØ¨ÛàÔÓÌ Ù¨ ÙÛ˛Ô ÑØ— Ù˛, ¨ÒÒ¨ ÓÖÔ—ÓÖ ÛÌØ˛Ì×—ÒÖ˚˛ ×¨˚—àÙ˛Ú ÛàÔ ¨ØÔ˛Û—ÑàÔÙÜÙÞÌÛ—ÙÓàÔ ×ÖÜ ×ØÖ˚Ø¨ÓÓ¨Û—˝Ì—,ÙÞÌ¸—¨ ˝Ì—, ÌÓ×Ì¸àÔÌ— Ñ¨— ¸—¨ÞÌ—Ø— -˝ÌÛ¨— ÛÖÜÚ Ì×¨ÞˇÌ— Ú ˚—¨ Û˛Ô ÌØ˚¨Ù— ¨ÙÜÙÞÌÛ—ÙÓÖÜ Ú ÙÌ ÖØ— ˝ÖÔÛ¨ Ì—ÑÖÙ¨-ÌÛ— ¨Ú Ñ¨— ×ÒÌ ÖÔ. ´Ö °ÙÝ¨Ò—ÙÛ—ÑÖ  Ì ¸Ì—ÕÌ ÌÕ¨—ØÌÛ—Ñ¨ ¨Ô¨ ˚ÒÜÝ¨ Ö Û— ˛¨Ô¨¸—¨ÔÖÓ˛ ý ×Ø¨˚Ó¨ÛÖ×Ö—Ì— Û¨— ÓÌ¨ÔÛ— ˇÌÛÖ ×ØÖ Ù˛ÓÖ, ¨×Ö Û˛Ô ÌØ˚¨Ù— ¨ ×ØÖÚ ÛÖ ÑÌÝ¨ Ò¨—Ö.`Ì ¨ÔÛ—×¨Ø¨ÉÖÒ˛, ˛ …‡ ÖØ˚¨-ÔàÙÌ Û˛Ô ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ—¨ Û˛Ú˚Ü Øà ¨×Ö Û˛Ô ˛ ×—¨ ×ØÖÙ¨ØÓÖ˚˛ ýÙÌ Ñ¨Û¨Ý¨Ô˛ ¨ÔÛ— ÙÛ—Õ˛ ÓÌ Û˛ÔÒ¨— Ò¨×¨ ÛÖÜ ÌÑÙÜ˚ÞØÖÔ—ÙÓÖÜ ýÑ¨— ÓÌ Ì Ô¨Ô Ü×Ì Ø ¨¸ÜÔ¨ ÛàÔý ÒÖ ˚Ö, ˚—¨ Ô¨ ×ØÖÙ¨ØÓÖÙÛÌ— Ñ¨—¨ÜÛ˛ ÙÛ¨¸—¨Ñ¨ ÙÛ—Ú ¨Ô¨˚Ñ¨—Ö Û˛ÛÌÚÑ¨— ×ÌØ—ÖØ—ÙÓÖÜ Ú Ó—¨Ú ¸—¨ÞÌ— Ø—Ù˛Ú×ÖÜ ÓÌ ×ØÖ Ý¨Ù˛ ÛÖ ¸˛ÓÖÙ—ÖÔÖÓ—ÑÖ ×ØÖ ÉÒ˛Ó¨ý, ÛÖ Ö×Ö— Ö ˛ — ¸—¨ ¸—¨ØÑàÚÌ×—¸Ì—ÔàÔÌ— ÓÌ Û˛ ÓÌ—àÙ˛ ÛàÔ ÑØ¨-Û—ÑàÔ ÌÙÖ ¸àÔ, ˇ¨ Ì×¨Ô¨ÝÌ ØÌ— ÙÛ˛Ô˛ÓÌØ˛ Ù—¨ ¸—¨ Û¨Õ˛ Û˛Ô ÌÑ ÔÌ ÖÜÒÜ Ù˛ý ÛÖÜ °ÙÝ¨Ò—ÙÛ—ÑÖÜ . ¿¨Ø¨ Û˛ Ô— Ñ˛ Û˛Ú ÙÛ—Ú ×ØÖ ÙÝ¨ÛÌÚ ÌÑÒÖ˚Ì Ú ˛ —ÙÖØØÖ×— ¨ Ì— Ô¨— Ì×—ÙÝ¨Ò˛ Ú, ˚—’¨ÜÛÖ Ñ¨— Ö ¨ØÓÖ ¸—ÖÚ Ü×ÖÜØ˚Ö Ú ˇ¨¸˛ÒàÙÌ— Ö Û— ˛ ÒÜ Ù˛ý ÛÖÜ °ÙÝ¨-Ò—ÙÛ—ÑÖÜ ˇ¨ ×ØÖÞàØ˛ ÙÌ— Ö ÙÖ ¨ÔÛÌ -ÞÌ— ˛ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ— ¨ý.

†ÌÔ—ÑæÙÜÓÝâØÖÔ

¾Ò˛ ¨ÜÛ˛ Û˛ Ó¨ÑØ¨ ÓÌÛ¨×ÖÒ—ÛÌÜÛ—-Ñ˛ ×ÌØ— Ö¸Ö ¸ÌÔ Ì ÞÖÜÔ ÓÌÛ¨ÉÒ˛ˇÌ— Ø—˝—Ñ¨ Ö— Û¨Õ—ÑÖ— ÙÜÙÞÌÛ—ÙÓÖ— , ÖÜ ÛÌÖ— ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ—ÑÌ Ú ÓÌØ— ¸ÌÚ ÙÛÖ ÌÙàÛÌØ—ÑÖ  Û˛Ú ÙÞÌ Ù˛Ú ÛÖÜ ÑÌÝ¨Ò¨— ÖÜ. ¾ÓàÚ, Ì ÞÖÜÔ ¨ÒÒ¨ ÕÌ— Ö— ×ÖÒ—Û—- ÑÌ Ú ¸—¨ÞÌ— Ø—Ù˛Ú Û˛Ú ÑØ¨Û—Ñ˛ Ú ÌÕÖÜ-Ù—¨Ú Ñ¨— ÖØ˚¨ÔàÙ˛Ú Û˛Ú ÙÜÔ¨—ÔÌ-Ù˛Ú, ¨ÒÒÖÛÌ ÙÜÔ¸Ü¨˝ÖÓÌÔÌÚ ÓÌÑÖÓÓ¨Û—ÑÌ Ú ÌÔ¨ÒÒ¨˚Ì Ú, ¨ ÒÒÖÛÌ ×¨ -Ò—Ö Þ—.†—¨Û— Ì ÞÌ—¨ÒÒ¨ ÕÌ—ÖÛØÖ ×ÖÚÓÌÛÖÔ Ö×Ö—Ö ÌÑÝØ¨˝ÌÛ¨— Ñ¨— ÜÒÖ×Ö—Ì—-Û¨— ÛÖ ˚ÌÔ—ÑÖ -ÌˇÔ—ÑÖ ÙÜÓÝÌ ØÖÔý

Ñ¨ ×ÖÛÌ ÓÌ Û˛Ô ¨×ÖÑ¨Û¨ ÙÛ¨Ù˛ýÛ˛Ú ˛ÛÛ˛ÓÌÔ˛Ú °Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨Ú ÛÖÜ ·Ó-ÝÜÒ— ÖÜ (1981), Ù˛ ÓÌØ¨ ÓÌ Û˛Ô ‚ÙÞÜØ˛ ·ÒÒ¨ ¸¨ý ÛÖÜ ÌÑÙÜ˚ÞØÖ-Ô—ÙÓÖÜ ý ˛ Û˛Ô ×ØÖÙ˛ÒàÙ˛ ÙÛ—Ú¨¸—¨×Ø¨˚Ó¨ÛÌÜÛÌÚ ÓÌÛ¨ØØÜˇÓ—-ÙÌ—Úý (2000-2007). „¨— ÓÌ Û¨ ÑÖ Ó-Ó¨Û¨ ÌÕÖÜÙ— ¨Ú Ô¨ Ó˛Ô Ñ¨Û¨Ò¨ÓÉ¨ -ÔÖÜÔ ×¨ÔÛÖÛÌ Û˛Ô —¸—¨ ÙÞÌÛ—Ñ˛ ˇÌÙ˛ÙÛÖ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÖ Ý¨ ÙÓ¨.

•âÙ˛˚—¨Û˛Ø—˝ÖÙ×¨ÙÛ—Ñª°Ø—ÙÛÌØÆ

‡Ü Ö Ì—Ô¨— Û¨ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ¨ ÙÜÓ×ÌØ¨ÙÓ¨-Û¨ ×ÖÜ ÖÝÌ— ÒÌ— Ô¨ ¨ÔÛÒ˛ ÙÌ— ˛Ø—˝ÖÙ×¨ÙÛ—Ñ˛ °Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨ ¨×Ö Û¨ ×¨-Ø¨×¨Ôà:1. ¾

¸—ÑÖÓÓ¨Û—ÙÓÖ Ú

Ñ¨— ˛

ÑÜÉÌØ-Ô˛Û—Ñ˛ÌÔ¨ÒÒ¨˚˛

ÛàÔ ÑÖÓÓ¨ -ÛàÔ ÌÕÖÜÙ— ¨Ú àÚ ÓÌ ÙÖ ˚—¨ Û˛ÔÌÔ— ÙÞÜÙ˛ ÛàÔ Û¨Õ—ÑàÔ ÙÜÙÞÌ-Û—ÙÓàÔ ¸Ü Ô¨Ó˛Ú Ü×Ì Ø ÛÖÜ ÑÌ-Ý¨Ò¨— ÖÜ ¸ÌÔ ÙÜÙÑÖÛ— ˝Ì— ÛÖ ˚Ì-˚ÖÔÖ Ú Ö Û— ×¨Ø¨ ÒÒ˛Ò¨ ¨×ÖÛÌ- ÒÖÜ Ô Ñ¨— Ö— ¸Ü Ö ÙÛØÌÉÒÌ ÚÌÑÝ¨ÔÙÌ—Ú ÛÖÜ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÖÜ Û¨-Õ—ÑÖÜ ¨ÔÛ¨˚àÔ—ÙÓÖÜ . `Ì Ñ¨-Û¨ ÒÒ˛ÒÌÚ ÙÜÔˇ˛ ÑÌÚ Ö ÕÜÔÙ˛ÚÛàÔ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑàÔ ¨ÔÛ¨˚àÔ—-ÙÓàÔ, ˛ ÑØ— Ù˛ ˛˚ÌÓÖÔ— ¨Ú Ñ¨—˛ Ö ÕÜÔÙ˛ ÛàÔ ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑàÔ ¨ÔÛ—-ˇÌ ÙÌàÔ Ó×ÖØÌ— Ô¨ Ö¸˛˚˛ ÙÌ— ÙÌ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÌ Ú ×Ø¨ÑÛ—ÑÌ Ú ×ÖÜ ÌÓ×Ì-Ø—Ì ÞÖÜÔ Û˛ ¸ÜÔ¨Ó—Ñ˛ Û˛Ú ÑÖ—- ÔàÔ—Ñ˛ Ú ¨Ô¨ÛØÖ×˛ Ú2. °×ÌÔ¨ÔÛ— ÙÛ˛Ô

ÖØ˚¨ÔàÙ˛ Û˛Ú ÙÜÔ¨—ÔÌÙ˛Ú

ÛÖÜ Ó˛Þ¨Ô—ÙÓÖÜ ×ÖÒ—Û—Ñ˛ Ú ¨ÔÛ—×ØÖÙà×ÌÜÙ˛Ú, ˛Ø—˝ÖÙ×¨ÙÛ—Ñ˛ °Ø—ÙÛÌØ¨ ÖÝÌ— ÒÌ—Ñ¨— Ó×ÖØÌ— Ô¨ ¨ÔÛ—×¨Ø¨ÛÌˇÌ— Ô—Ñ˛ÝÖ Ø¨ ÙÛ˛ Ù˛ÓÌØ—Ô˛ ÙÜ- ˚ÑÜØ— ¨ ÞØ˛Ù—ÓÖ×Ö—àÔÛ¨Ú Ñ¨-Û¨ ÒÒ˛Ò¨ Û¨ Ö ×Ò¨ ×ÖÜ ¸—¨ˇÌ ÛÌ—:Û˛Ô

ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—Ñ˛¨ÒÒ˛ÒÌ˚˚Ü ˛

Ñ¨—ÛÖÔ

ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑÖ Ì ÒÌ˚ÞÖ.

¶ ×ØàÛ˛¨ÔÛ—×¨Ø¨ˇÌ ÛÌ— ÙÛ˛ Ù˛ÓÌØ—Ô˛ ¨ØÞ˛ ÛÖ ÑÌØ¸ÖÚ ×¨Ôà ¨×ÖÛÖÜÚ ¨ÔˇØà×ÖÜÚý ¨×Û¨ — ÞÔ˛Ó—¨Ú ÌÔ¨ÒÒ¨ÑÛ—Ñ˛ Ú ÖØ˚¨ ÔàÙ˛ÚÛ˛Ú ÑÖ—ÔàÔ— ¨Ú. ¾ ¸ÌÜ ÛÌØÖÚ,Ö Û¨Ô ¨ÙÑ˛ˇÌ— ¨×ÖÛÌÒÌÙÓ¨Û—Ñ¨ , ¨×ÖÛÌÒÌ— Û˛ É¨ Ù˛ ˚—¨ Û˛Ô Ü×Ö-ÔÖ ÓÌÜÙ˛ ÛÖÜ ˚ÌÔ—ÑÖÜ -ÌˇÔ—ÑÖÜ ÙÜÓÝÌ ØÖÔÛÖÚý, Û˛ Þ¨Ò¨ ØàÙ˛ Û˛Ú ÙÜÔ¨— ÔÌÙ˛Ú ÙÛ—Ú ÑÜØ— ¨ØÞÌÚ×ÖÒ—Û—ÑÌ Ú Ñ¨— Û˛Ô ¨Ô¨ÛØÖ×˛ ÛàÔ ÑÖ—ÔàÔ—ÑàÔ ÙÜÙÞÌÛ—ÙÓàÔ.

* (`.·. ×ÌØ—Ö¸—ÑÖç •·`·‚`)

´ÆÙÖÚ „Ü×Ø—¨Ôå¸˛Ú*

·ˆ¯¾`

¿·À‚¾‡¾`†’

of 00

Category:	Magazines/Newspapers
Rating:
Upload Date:	02/04/2009
Copyright:	Attribution Non-commercial
Tags:	magazines magazines (fewer)

Documents

People

Leave a Comment

EntosEpohis_10_28-10-07

More From This User

Related Docuements

Documents

People

Leave a Comment

EntosEpohis_10_28-10-07

More From This User

Related Docuements

Other login options

Signup

Why Sign up?

Login Successful