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2008 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. An asterisk is used throughout this presentation to denote a mark of Schlumberger. Other company, product, and service names are the properties of their respective owners.
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Outlines
What is Geology? What are Rocks?: Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic Processes in Geology: Exogenic, Endogenic Petroleum System
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What is Geology ?
Geology (from Greek, geo earth and logos study): is the science that comprises the study of the solid earth and the processes by which it is shaped and changed.
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What is Geology 2?
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1400C
800C
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A sedimentary rock has a long history and has been subjected to modification by various processes
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AT UI Student Chapter
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stalactit e
stalagmit e
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Salt lake
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Non Foliated
Complex composition Foliation (banding, slaty, schistosity etc) Gneiss, Schist, Slate (parent rock is shale)
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Example
Oil or Gas
Fault
Water
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Gas
Closure
Oil
Fold (Anticlinal) Trap
Salt Diapir
Seal Oil
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Migration path
Typically from a structurally low are to a higher are due to HC relative bouyancy
Reservoir rock
Body of rock with adequate porosity to store the fluids and permeability to transmit the fluids. E.g: Sandstone, Limestone
Seal
Simply an impermeable rock that act as barrier to further migration of HC liquids Shale, Evaporite sedimentary rock ( Halite, gypsum)
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A configuration of rocks suitable for containing HC and sealed by the cap rock in which HC will not migrate
Structural traps (fault, fold), Stratigraphic Trap (Pinch out, unconformities, reef build ups, etc)
Timing
Appropriate relative timing of formation and the process of HC generation, migration, and accumulation are important for HC to accumulate and preserved.
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