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1 Digestion of Triacylglycerols 2 Oxidation of Fatty Acids 3 ATP and Fatty Acid Oxidation
1. Digestion of Triacylglycerols
In the digestion of fats (triacylglycerols): Bile salts break fat globules into micelles in the small intestine. Pancreatic lipases hydrolyze ester bonds to form monoacylglycerols and fatty acids, which recombine in the intestinal lining. Lipoproteins form and transport triacylglycerols to the cells of the heart, muscle, and adipose tissues.
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Digestion of Triacylglycerols
Fat Mobilization
Fat mobilization: Breaks down triacylglycerols in adipose tissue to fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty acids are hydrolyzed initially from C1 or C3 of the fat. Triacylglycerols + 3H2O Glycerol + 3Fatty acids
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Fatty acyl-carnitine transports the fatty acid into the matrix. The fatty acid acyl group recombines with CoA for oxidation.
Fatty acid activation is complex, but it regulates the degradation and synthesis of fatty acids.
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6 cycles
7 Acetyl CoA
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Cycles of -Oxidation
The length of a fatty acid: Determines the number of oxidations and The total number of acetyl CoA groups. Carbons in Acetyl CoA -Oxidation Cycles Fatty Acid (C/2) (C/2 1) 12 6 5 14 7 6 16 8 7 18 9 8
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