Ni dung chnh cu hi Multimedia

I.Cu 1: a.Nguyn l c bn ca nn c s DTC? b.Tm tt qu trnh nn JPEG, kh nng chnh ca JPGE 2000 l g? C. M t tin trnh nn MPEG1. S khc bit chnh gia k thut nn JPEG v MPEG vi Video l g? II.Cu 2: S khc bit chnh gia MPEG 4, vi MPEG 1, 2, 3? III.Cu 3: Ti sao a ra MPEG 7, mc ch ca MPEG 7 l g?

I.Cu 1: a.Nguyn l c bn ca nn c s DTC (Discrete Cosine Transformation )? DCT nn nh theo tng khi vung nh ri lu chng di dng s k thut. b.Tm tt qu trnh nn JPEG, kh nng chnh ca JPGE 2000 l g? Nn theo chun JPEG l mt tin trnh nhiu bc. Trc ht l bc qui tc ha (regularizing stage) lm cho nh c nhiu on ging nhau hn thc t. Bc tip theo l ly mu cho cc knh mu. y l 1 trong 2 cng on lm mt thng tin v ch thc hin khi bn chn xc lp high compression/low quality (t l nn cao/cht lng thp) ca JPEG.

 Bc tip l sp xp li d liu bng hm ton hc gi l DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform). * Kh nng chnh ca JPEG 2000: Nu DCT nn nh theo tng khi vung nh ri lu chng di dng s th k thut Wavelet Compression s lu file di dng mt dy d liu (k thut stream hnh) nhm to phn gii cao hn khi file c m hoc ti v. Li ch u tin ca Wavelet l loi tr c nhng "vt d" bao quanh cc khi vung v bin c m hnh c phn gii cao trn mng thnh hin thc. Kh nng to thm cc knh ph lu tr nhng thng tin nh thng s mu CMYK hay ICC profiles (nhm loi b s khc bit v Gamma mu gia PC v MAC).

 C) M t tin trnh nn MPEG1: - L chun u tin, thit k dnh cho my tnh. N cho php video vi phn gii 320x240 v tn s 30 hnh/s. - c thit k tc ti a n 1.5Mbps. Tiu chun nn cho m thanh v hnh nh ng. c dng ph bin cho cc ng dng video CD-ROM v cc ng dng video trn internet (cc file c phn m rng *.mpg). Mt phn m rng ca tiu chun p dng cho m ha v nn m thanh, c bit n vi tn MP3

 II.Cu 2: S khc bit chnh gia MPEG 4, vi MPEG 1, 2, 3. Ti sao ph hp vivic truy tm ch mc video l g?
Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) thuc ISO/IEC. Nhm cc chuyn gia hnh nh ng v m thanh k thut s. T nm 1988 nhm a ra tiu chun MPEG-1 n l nn tng sn xut cc Video CD, a CD tng tc v cc file nhc nn MP3 sau ny. Sau l tiu chun MPEG-2, n l nn tng cho cc chng trnh truyn hnh k thut s v a DVD.

 K tip khng phi l MPEG-3, ngi ta d nh t chc chun ny phc v cho truyn hnh c phn gii cao, nhng sau ny sp nhp vi chun MPEG-2.
MPEG-4 l tiu chun cho cc phng tin a truyn thng tch hp trong trang Web tnh hay ng, truyn hnh k thut s v tng tc ha ng dng. MPEG-4 c hon tt trong thng 10/1998 v ph bin hi u nm 1999. MPEG-4 ang tr thnh chun multimedia ton cu trong giai on hin nay v s pht trin mnh m hn na tng lai gn. Tip theo l MPEG-7 tiu chun m t ni dung a truyn thng v truy tm m thanh cng nh cc ni dung trc quan khc, ri bt u t thng 6/2000 mi hn na l chun MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework

 III.Cu 3: Ti sao a ra MPEG 7, mc ch ca MPEG 7 l g? * Ti sao li a ra chun MPEG-7 Nhiu ng dng a phng tin hin ti i hi kh nng truy cp v x l d liu hnh nh mt cch hiu qu. C nhiu phng php c s vn bn c dng truy cp v x l ni dung hnh nh. khc phc gii hn ca phng php c s vn bn, in hnh l i hi phi c s tr gip ca con ngi trong vic m t ni dung hnh nh, cc phng php c s cu trc c a ra. Cc cu trc thp nh l vn bn, hnh dng mu sc v cc cu trc mc cao nh l thng tin kt hp, c s dng trong nhiu h thng truy cp v x l c s ni dung. Do chng c pht trin t cc ng dng khc nhau, cc h thng ny s dng nhiu cu trc th hin khc nhau.

 * Mc ch chnh ca MPEG -7 MPEG-7 l mt trong nhng hot ng chun gn y ca nhm MPEG. Mc ch chnh ca MPEG-7 l cung cp mt m t chun ho cho php truy cp v x l hiu qu ni dung a phng tin. MPEG-7 s chun ho tp cc b m t, tp cc s m t, mt ngn ng nh ngha m t v cc s cho m ho cc m t. Nh c MPEG-7 m chng ta c th tng tc vi d liu a phng tin qua ni dung ca chng. Vi s xut hin ca MPEG-7, rt nhiu ng dng hay c th thc hin c, n gin hn hy tng tng mt vi ng dng c m t di y:

 - Bn bc vo mt kho d liu khng l tm mt bi ht nhng qun mt thng tin v bi ht nh l: tn, tc gi, ca s, ... m ch nh mt on giai iu ca bi ht . Khng sao, bn hy ht ln giai iu qua mt h thng recorder, m thanh ca bn s c ly mu ri trch cc c trng ri h thng t ng so snh v tm trong kho d liu nhng bi ht "thch hp" nht vi nhng c trng tm kim. - Bn khng mun xem ht mt trn bng m ch mun xem nhng bn thng trong trn u ? Ch cn gi cu truy vn n h thng vi t kha "Goal" hay g (theo h thng nh ngha), ln lt cc bn thng s c trnh chiu trc bn. - Bn mun tm mt picture no ging mt nh cho trc hoc ging mt hnh do bn t v ra? H thng cng c th thc hin c thng qua trch chn c trng v so snh vi kho d liu c v tr v kt qu.

Cu 1 (2 im) Trnh by cc cng ngh thc hin multimedia cu 2 ( 3 im) Mc ch ca nn d liu audio v video cu 3 (5d) cc k thut nn d liu video trong phng nn: - nn khng tn hao ( VLC,RLC, ct vng xo, DCT) - nn c tn hao ( ly mu bng tn con, DPCM, lng t ho v VLC cho cc h s DCT