Professional Documents
Culture Documents
JUDUL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Penulangan Kolom
Tabel Penulangan Kolom
Diagram Interaksi Kolom
Penulangan Pile Cap
Penulangan Tangga
Pondasi Telapak
Daya Dukung Tiang Pancang
Pondasi Pelat
Konsol Pendek
NO. DOKUMEN
BTN/PBI&SKSNI/TS/05
BTN/PBI&SKSNI/TS/05-1
BTN/SKSNI/ALDO/05-2
BTN/SKSNI/TS/06
BTN/SKSNI/TS/07
BTN/SKSNI/TS/08-1
BTN/SKSNI/TS/08-2
BTN/SKSNI/TS/08-3
BTN/SKSNI/TS/09
KODE DOKUMENT
(1) / (2) / (3) / (4)
(1) Jenis doukument
- NOTE = data perencanaan, kesimpulan, lampiran
- BJ
= Konstruksi Baja
- BTN
= Konstruksi Beton
- COM = Konstruksi Kompusit
(2) Peraturan
- PB!
- LRFD
- SKSNI - ACI
- SNI
- PPBBI
SHEET
tulkol
tblkol
InteraksiKolom
Pilecap
tanggaatasbawah
pondtelapak
spt
pondplat
konsol pendek
LITERATURE
kode file
Kode
Sxxx = Sipil
S1xx = Administrasi
S2xx = Pek. Beton
S3xx = Pek. Baja
S4xx = Pek. Komposite
Axxx = Arsitektur
Pxxx = Pengawasan
MExxx = Mekanikel and Electrical
BQxxx = Rab
No. Doc
Penulangan Kolom
Judul Dokument
: BTN/PBI&SKSNI/TS/05
30 cm
30 cm
eo1 =
M
P
300.47
9,438.03
eo2 =
1
ht =
30
=
30
30
eo = eo1 + eo2 =
4.18
eo
=
ht
cm
4.18
30
= 0.1395
0.03
3.18
cm
cm
cm
7.1
e1 = C1 C2 ( lk / 100.ht )2 . ht
=
=
7.1 (
7.157 cm
e2 =
0.15 ht
eu =
=
eo + e1 + e2
4.18 +
eau =
=
=
100
30 )
30
4.50 cm
7.157 +
4.5 =
15.84 cm
eu + ( 1/2 ht )
15.84 +
15.0
30.84 cm
P . eau =
Pembesian kolom :
- lebar kolom
=
- beton decking =
- tebal efektif d =
- Mutu beton fc' =
- Mutu baja fy =
550
9,438.03 x
K-250 =
U-354 =
20
280
25
350
30.84 =
=
291,076.31 kg.cm
2,910.76 kg.m
300 mm
mm
mm
Mpa
MPa
HAL. A-14
= fc / (0,85 .fy)
=
350 / (0.85 . 25)
=
16.47
2
Rn = M / (f b d )
=
29,107,631/(0.85.300.280,280)
=
1.456
r
= (1/m) * (1 =
( 1 - ((2 Rn m)/fy)) )
(1/16.47)*(1-
( 1 - ((2 . 1.456.16.47)/350)))
0.00431
Aperlu = r .b .d =
0.00431
Dipasang tulangan 8 d - 19
4 D(Aact
19=
Pembesian begel :
Dsengkang d10 S1 = 48x10
S2 = 16x19
S3
Smin
=
=
=
( Aact =
300
280 =
362.30 mm2
1134 mm2)
300 mm
480
304
300
300
mm
mm
mm
mm
4D19
d10 - 300
300
300
HAL. A-15
Judul Dokument
No. Doc
: BTN/PBI&SKSNI/TS/05-1
K1 (30/30) K2 (D50)
K3 (30/30) K4 (D50)
K5 (D50)
K6 (D50)
Lt. 4
Lt. 4
Lt. 3
Lt. 3
Lt. 2
Lt. 1
C32
C32
C56
C38
C39
C39
14387
35478
27072
76865
126814
176096
29
182
9
129
1302
199
550
550
400
400
400
450
30
50
30
50
50
50
30
50
30
50
50
50
C2
0.20
1.00
2
6.44
0.51
1.67
2
6.44
0.03
1.00
2
5.93
0.17
1.67
2
5.93
1.03
1.67
2
6.45
0.11
1.67
1
5.84
C1
1.15
1.15
1.15
1.15
e1 (cm)
e2 (cm)
eu (cm)
eau (cm)
P.eau (kgm)
Pembesian kolom :
(SKSNI 1991)
Lebar kolom (mm)
Beton decking(mm)
Tebal efektif d (mm)
fc' (Mpa)
fy (Mpa)
m
Rn
r
r pakai
A perlu (mm2)
Dipasang
Apakai (mm2)
Pembesian begel :
S1
S2
S3
Smin
Spakai
6.494
4.50
12.20
27.20
3913
4.481
7.50
14.16
39.16
13893
3.163
4.50
8.70
23.70
6415
2.182
7.50
11.52
36.52
28069
2.374
7.50
12.57
37.57
47640
2.720
7.50
12.00
37.00
65155
300
20
280
25
350
500
20
480
25
350
300
20
280
25
350
500
20
480
25
350
500
20
480
25
350
500
20
480
25
350
16.47
1.957
0.0059
0.0059
16.47
1.419
0.0042
0.0042
16.47
3.209
0.0100
0.0100
16.47
2.866
0.0088
0.0088
16.47
4.865
0.0160
0.0160
16.47
6.654
0.0236
0.0236
494
1,008
839
2,120
3,843
5,663
4 D13
531
4 D19
1134
8 D13
1061
8 D19
2267
11 D22
4179
15 D22
5699
d8
384
208
300
208
d8 - 208
d12
576
304
500
304
d12 - 304
d10
480
208
300
208
d10 - 208
d12
576
304
500
304
d12 - 304
d12
576
352
500
352
d12 - 352
d12
576
352
500
352
d12 - 352
* C 1 (persegi) = 1
* C 1 (bulat) = 1.15
HAL. A-16
No. Doc
Judul Dokument
: BTN/SKSNI/ALDO/05-2
20
320
b (mm)
h (mm)
300
300
PERHITUNGAN
DIAGRAM INTERAKSI KOLOM
1.2
0.01
0
0.0255564
0.062672
0.0255564
0.5302059
0.4241647
0.2060462
0
Mn
1
Pn (kN)
0.8
P
0.6
0.02
0
0.0471417
0.0833891
0.0471417
0.6104118
0.4883294
0.2037962
0
0.03
0
0.0684221
0.1041061
0.0684221
0.6906176
0.5524941
0.2015462
0
0.04
0
0.0896144
0.1248231
0.0896144
0.7708235
0.6166588
0.1992962
0
0.05
0
0.1107785
0.1455402
0.1107785
0.8510294
0.6808235
0.1970462
0
0.06
0
0.131936
0.1662572
0.131936
0.9312353
0.7449882
0.1947962
0
0.07
0
0.1530957
0.1869743
0.1530957
1.0114412
0.8091529
0.1925462
0
0.08
0
0.1742612
0.2076913
0.1742612
1.0916471
0.8733176
0.1902962
0
0.4
K4
0.2
K1a
K2
K5
K3
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
Mn (kN-M)
Type
Lokasi
No. frame ETABS
P(kg)
M(kg-m)
K1a
Lt. 4
C32
Perencanaan Tulangan
Mu (kNm)
Pu/f (kN)
Ag (mm2)
e (mm)
Pu/(0,85*f'c*Ag*)
use
Pu/(0,85*f'c*Ag*) x
(e/h)
pakai
A perlu (mm2)
K2
Lt. 4
C32
K3
Lt. 3
C56
K4
Lt. 3
C38
K5
Lt. 2
C39
10354
120
8021
130
4445
1000
20865
1290
822
102
1.2
103.54
90000
11.59
0.1041
0.65
1.3
80.21
90000
16.21
0.0807
0.65
10
44.45
90000
224.97
0.0447
0.65
12.9
208.65
90000
61.83
0.2098
0.65
1.02
8.22
90000
124.09
0.0083
0.65
0.0040
0.01
0.0044
0.01
0.0335
0.02
0.0432
0.01
0.0034
0.01
Dipasang
Apakai (mm2)
atau
Dipasang tul utama
Apakai (mm2)
Dipasang tul ekstra
Apakai (mm2)
Atot pakai (mm2)
900
6 d13
ganti
900
6 d13
ganti
1,800
12 D19
3401
900
5 D13
ganti
900
6 d12
ganti
6 D13
796
6 D10
471
ganti
4 D13
531
6 D13
796
ganti
4 D13
531
4 D10
314
ganti
2 D13
265
3 D13
398
ganti
4 D12
452
4 D10
314
ganti
Pembesian begel :
S1
S2
S3
Smin
Spakai
d8
384
208
300
208
d8 - 208
d8
384
208
300
208
d8 - 208
d8
384
304
300
300
d8 - 300
d8
384
208
300
208
d8 - 208
d8
384
192
300
192
d8 - 192
HAL. A-17
No. Doc
Judul Dokument
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/06
20
100536
60
500
440
1
500
hklm
Mpa
kg
mm
mm
mm
Type
Jumlah
Lx
Ly
P1
4 tiang
1100 mm
1100 mm
mm
500 mm
bo = bklm + 2*0.5*Ht
1000 mm
ho = hklm + 2*0.5*Ht
1000 mm
Vc1
Vc2
=
=
2*(bo+ho)*d
2*(1000+1000)*440
=
=
=
=
=
=
(fc'0.5 /3) x A
1760000 mm2
393547.96 kg
262365.31 kg
=
>
>
262365.31 kg
P/f
167560
(ok)
25.00 Mpa
350.00 Mpa
60 mm
Ht
b
500 mm
1100 mm
ALTERNATIVE 1
Q pile cap =
0.3 m
1320
kg/m
2P
0.55 m
L1 =
L=
Mu
0.30 m
0.55 m
=
2P =
50268 kg
HAL. A-17
No. Doc
Judul Dokument
1.2 x (50268x0.3-1/2x1320x0.55^2)
=
17856.90 kgm
1320 kg/m
pmin
=
pmaks =
=
0.0025
0,75 x (0,85 x 25)/350 x 0,85 x [600/(600+350)]
=
0.0244
Mu
d
j
=
=
=
17856.9 kgm
500 - 60
0.80
Rn
=
=
178.57 kNm
440.00 mm
(178.57 x 10^6)
=
(0,8 x 1100 x 440^2)
W
= 0,85 { 1 -sqrt[1 - (2,353 x 1.0481)/25]}
=
p = 0.0430 x 25/350
=
ppakai
As = 0.0031 x 1100 x 440
As
As pembagi
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/06
1.0481 Mpa
0.0430
0.0031
=
=
>
<
0.0025
0.0244
0.0031
1487.09 mm2
mm2
1487.09
297.42
dipakai
D19 - 175
D10 - 175
( 1,620 mm2 )
( 449 mm2 )
20
100536
60
500
440
1
500
Mpa
kg
mm
mm
mm
Type
Jumlah
Lx
Ly
P2
4 tiang
1100 mm
1100 mm
mm
500 mm
bo = bklm + 2*0.5*Ht
1000 mm
ho = hklm + 2*0.5*Ht
1000 mm
25.00 Mpa
350.00 Mpa
60 mm
Ht
b
500 mm
1100 mm
ALTERNATIVE 1
Q pile cap =
HAL. A-18
1320
kg/m
No. Doc
Judul Dokument
0.3 m
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/06
2P
0.55 m
L1 =
L=
Mu
0.30 m
0.55 m
=
=
2P =
50268 kg
17856.90 kgm
1320 kg/m
pmin
=
pmaks =
=
0.0025
0,75 x (0,85 x 25)/350 x 0,85 x [600/(600+350)]
=
0.0244
Mu
d
j
=
=
=
17856.9 kgm
500 - 60
0.80
Rn
=
=
178.57 kNm
440.00 mm
(178.57 x 10^6)
=
(0,8 x 1100 x 440^2)
W
= 0,85 { 1 -sqrt[1 - (2,353 x 1.0481)/25]}
=
p = 0.0430 x 25/350
=
ppakai
As = 0.0031 x 1100 x 440
As
As pembagi
1.0481 Mpa
0.0430
0.0031
=
=
mm2
1487.09
297.42
>
<
0.0025
0.0244
0.0031
1487.09 mm2
dipakai
D19 - 175
D10 - 175
HAL. A-19
( 1,620 mm2 )
( 449 mm2 )
No. Doc
Penulangan Tangga
Judul Dokument
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/07
0.15
2
3
0
0
0
0
300
m
cm
cm
kg/m2
kg/m2
kg/m2
m
kg/m2
fc' (beton)
fy' (baja)
d'
L
optred
antrade
a
22.5
320
20
1.5
0.3
0.17
45.0
Mpa
Mpa
mm
m
m
m
derajat
Gambar Rencana
1,472.54 kg/m
1,472.54 kg/m
1.5
2m
BORDES
1.5 m
FLIGHT/ANAK TANGGA
q = 1,472.54 kg/m2
Pembebanan
Beban terbagi rata
Beban mati
pelat
=
[0.15/cosA + 0.17/2] x 2400
spesi
= 2 x 21
keramik
= 3 x 24
plafond
penggantung
AC + pipa
DD
Beban hidup
air hujan
guna
DL
Beban berfaktor
D = 1,2 x 827.12 + 1,6 x 300
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
713.12 kg/m2
42
72
0
0
0
827.12 kg/m2
=
=
0 kg/m2
300
300 kg/m2
1472.5 kg/m2
Statika
- Tumpuan jepit-jepit
- Beban merata
q
=
1472.54 kg/m2
L
=
1.5 m
- Beban terpusat plat anak tangga tengah 200 x 100 cm (bordes)
P
= 1.5 x 0.5 x 2 x 1,472.54
=
2208.81 kg
L
= 1.5 - 0.5 x 100
=
1 m
Mtangga
Mbordes
=
=
HAL. 20 dari 22
331.32 kgm
1325.3 kgm
VILLA 2 LANTAI Desa Plintahan Kec Pandaan Kab Pasuruan
Hariyanto- TS/12/27/2012
No. Doc
Penulangan Tangga
Judul Dokument
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/07
1.5
Penulangan
Penulangan tangga
Mu
fc' (beton)
fy' (baja)
pmin
pmaks
331.32 kgm
22.5 Mpa
320 Mpa
b
h
d'
1000 mm
150 mm
20 mm
= 1,4 / 320
=
0.0044
= 0,75 x (0,85 x 22.5)/320 x 0,85 x [600/(600+320)]
=
0.0248
Mu
d
j
Rn
= 331.32 kgm
=
3.31 kNm
= 150 - 20
=
130 mm
= 0.8
=
(3.31 x 10^6)
=
0.2451 Mpa
(0,8 x 1000 x 130^2)
W
= 0,85 { 1 -sqrt[1 - (2,353 x 0.2451)/22.5]}
=
0.0110
p = 0.0110 x 22.5/320
=
0.0008
>
<
ppakai
=
0.0044
As
= 0.0044 x 1000 x 130
=
568.75 mm2
As'
= 0.002 x 1000 x 130
=
260.00 mm2
Tulangan (tul tarik)
Tulangan (tul tekan
Penulangan bordes
Mu
fc' (beton)
fy' (baja)
pmin
pmaks
568.75
260.00
1325.29 kgm
22.5 Mpa
320 Mpa
As (mm2)
568.75
3230.2671
b
h
d'
1000 mm
150 mm
20 mm
= 1,4 / 320
=
0.0044
= 0,75 x (0,85 x 22.5)/320 x 0,85 x [600/(600+320)]
=
0.0248
Mu
d
j
Rn
= 1,325.29 kgm
=
= 150 - 20
=
= 0.8
=
(13.25 x 10^6)
=
(0,8 x 1000 x 130^2)
W
= 0,85 { 1 -sqrt[1 - (2,353 x 0.9802)/22.5]}
=
p = 0.0447 x 22.5/320
=
As
As'
0.0044
0.0248
ppakai
= 0.0044 x 1000 x 130
= 0.002 x 1000 x 130
=
=
=
13.25 kNm
130 mm
0.9802 Mpa
0.0447
0.0031
0.0044
0.0248
As (mm2)
568.75
3230.2671
0.0044
568.75 mm2
260.00 mm2
568.75
260.00
HAL. 21 dari 22
>
<
Judul Dokument
Penulangan Tangga
No. Doc
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/07
Gambar Penulangan
HAL. 22 dari 22
Judul Dokument
No. Doc
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/08-1
PONDASI TELAPAK
Perhitungan moment untuk pondasi
Pembebanan
Balok sloof = 0,2.0,3.2400
Tembok = 2.250
=
=
144 kg/m'
500 kg/m'
644 kg/m'
q
Statika
L =
Mtum = 1/18 x 644 x 3.6^2
1043.28 kgm
Vu
Mu
s tanah
d
bo
=
=
= 3.095 x 100
= 120 - 30
= 4 x (90 + 400)
f Vmin
f Vc
f maks =
=
=
400
400
51.79
1x1
51.79
51.79 kN
10.43 kNm
=
=
=
+
+
114.39 kN/m2
309.5 kNm2
90 mm
1960 mm
100408.64 N
10.43
1/6 x 1 x 1^2
62.60
<
OK
309.5 kN/m2
OK
Statika
Mu
Pu
b
h
kolom
=
=
=
=
1043.28
5179
1
1
400 / 400
kgm
kg
m
m
mm
fc' (beton)
fy' (baja)
d'
tpond
s tanah
bc
400
400
Vu
Mu
s tanah
d
bo
=
=
= 3.095 x 100
= 120 - 30
= 4 x (90 + 400)
f Vmin
f Vc
22.5
320
30
120
3.095
Mpa
Mpa
mm
mm
kg/cm2
51.79 kN
10.43 kNm
=
=
=
C3.23 of 18
309.5 kNm2
90 mm
1960 mm
100408.64 N
OK
3.6
Judul Dokument
f maks =
=
=
No. Doc
51.79
1x1
51.79
+
+
114.39 kN/m2
10.43
1/6 x 1 x 1^2
62.60
<
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/08-1
309.5 kN/m2
f min
= 51.79 - 62.60
=
Diambil q =
Mu
-10.81 kN/m2
114.39 kN/m2
Penulangan
Penulangan lapangan
Mu
fc' (beton)
fy' (baja)
pmin
pmaks
1429.84 kgm
22.5 Mpa
320 Mpa
b
h
d'
1000 mm
120 mm
30 mm
= 1,4 / 320
=
0.0044
= 0,75 x (0,85 x 22.5)/320 x 0,85 x [600/(600+320)]
=
0.0248
Mu
d
j
Rn
= 1,429.84 kgm
=
14.30 kNm
= 120 - 30
=
90 mm
= 0.8
=
(14.30 x 10^6)
=
2.2065 Mpa
(0,8 x 1000 x 90^2)
W
= 0,85 { 1 -sqrt[1 - (2,353 x 2.2065)/22.5]}
=
0.1045
p = 0.1045 x 22.5/320
=
0.0073
>
<
ppakai
=
0.0073
As
= 0.0073 x 1000 x 90
=
661.25 mm2
As'
= 0,4 x 661.25
=
264.50 mm2
Penulangan
Lapangan X (tul atas)
Tumpuan X (tul atas)
Tumpuan X (tul bagi)
mm2
661.25
661.25
264.50
mm
D10 - 100 ( 785 mm2 )
D10 - 100 ( 785 mm2 )
D8 - 150 ( 335 mm2 )
C3.24 of 18
0.0044
0.0248
OK
No. Doc
Judul Dokument
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/08-2
cm
cm
=
=
706.86 cm2
94.25 cm
P =
K. JHP
5
56548.668
37699.112
+
3
5
18849.556 +
7539.8224
26,389.38 kg
26.39 ton
250
250
Eff = 1 dimana :
f
90o
f
m
n
d
s
(n-1)m + (m-1) n
m.n
= arc tan d/s
= jumlah baris arah x
= jumlah baris arah y
= ukuran/diameter tiang pancang
= jarak antara tiang pancang
=
=
=
=
2
2
30
60
bh
bh
cm
cm
= arc tan
=
11.31
Eff = 1 = 1 - (
=
11.31
90o
0.126 *
[(
2 -1 ) *
2
2 ]+ [(
*
1)
0.874
26.39 *
23.07 ton
0.874
HAL. A-17
2 -1 ) *
2
2]
Judul Dokument
No. Doc
Pondasi Pelat
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/08-3
y(m)
0
4.5
9.5
14.5
19.5
0
4.5
9.5
14.5
19.5
0
4.5
9.5
14.5
19.5
0
4.5
9.5
14.5
19.5
0
4.5
9.5
14.5
19.5
0
4.5
9.5
14.5
19.5
0
4.5
9.5
14.5
19.5
0
4.5
9.5
14.5
19.5
0
4.5
9.5
14.5
19.5
4.5
9.5
14.5
19.5
P(kg)
38603
139119
137747
25171
3776
65661
111690
93617
5799
3776
65661
21046
31609
25329
3776
69548
21046
31609
25329
3776
70284
21046
31609
25329
3776
68598
21046
87857
25329
3776
67908
21046
87857
25329
3776
67556
21046
156869
25329
3776
69680
21046
141507
46790
3776
21046
141507
46790
2254972
HAL. A-28
S P.x
0
0
0
0
0
393966
670140
561702
34794
22656
787932
252552
379308
303948
45312
1251864
378828
568962
455922
67968
1686816
505104
758616
607896
90624
2057940
631380
2635710
759870
113280
2444688
757656
3162852
911844
135936
2837352
883932
6588498
1063818
158592
3344640
1010208
6792336
2245920
181248
1136484
7641378
2526660
59847132
S P.y
0
626035.5
1308596.5
364979.5
73632
0
502605
889361.5
84085.5
73632
0
94707
300285.5
367270.5
73632
0
94707
300285.5
367270.5
73632
0
94707
300285.5
367270.5
73632
0
94707
834641.5
367270.5
73632
0
94707
834641.5
367270.5
73632
0
94707
1490255.5
367270.5
73632
0
94707
1344316.5
678455
73632
94707
1344316.5
678455
15505568.5
x
y
ex
ey
=
=
=
=
No. Doc
Pondasi Pelat
Judul Dokument
59847132 / 2254972
15505568.5 / 2254972
54/2 - 26.54
19.5/2 - 6.88
=
=
=
=
Menentukan qnetto
L(m) B(m)
A1
48 19.5
A2
6 10
=
=
=
X
Y
=
=
=
=
=
=
Ix(cm4)
29659.5
500
30159.5
m
m
m
m
Iy(cm4)
179712
180
179892
A(m2)
936
60
996
26.54
6.88
0.46
2.87
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/08-3
0.5 kg/cm2
HAL. A-29
(OK)
Judul Dokument
No. Doc
Konsol Pendek
: BTN/SKSNI/TS/09
=
=
=
=
=
350
700
175
30672
118.16
Kesimpulan
Tulangan tarik utama
Tulangan rangka/sengkang tertutup
by (arah memanjang)
Ukuran plat landasan (mm)
mm
mm
mm
kg
kg
fc' (beton)
fy' (baja)
d'
Lebar kolom
=
=
=
(=lebar plat)
306720 N
1181.6 N
550 mm
=
=
=
---->
962500 N
1058750 N
511200
OK
1043 mm2
=
=
54325880 Nmm
511 mm2
=
=
=
=
796.4 mm2
=
516
701
550
701
=
401.92 mm2
=
348 mm2
Mpa
Mpa
mm
mm
6 D13
4 D8 - 122 mm
500 mm
143.6x143.6 mm
by =
Vu
= 30672x10
Nuc
= 118.16x10^4
d
= 700-150
Perhitungan tulangan geser
Vn1
= 0.2x25x350x550
Vn2
= 5.5x350x550
Vn
= 306720/0.6
511,200 < 962500
511,200 < 1058750
Perhitungan tulangan geser friksi (Avf)
Avf
= 511,200/(1.4x350)
Perhitungan tulangan pemikul Mu
Mu
= 306720x175+1181600x550
Af
= 54325880/(0.65x350x0.85x550)
Perhitungan tulangan pemikul Nuc
An
= 1181.6 /(0.65 x 350)
Perhitungan tulangan tarik utama
As dipilih terbesar antara :
a. As1
= 510.79+5.19
b. As2
= 2/3x1,043.27+5.19
c. Asmin = 0.04x25/350x350x550
As max pakai
6 D13
by
=
5x(3x13)+6 x13+50
Tulangan sengkang tertutup (Ah)
Ah
= 0.5x(701-5)
4 D8
s
=
2/3 x 550/3
25
350
150
500
mm2
mm2
mm2
mm2
323 mm
122 mm
20620 mm2
143.6
HAL B-30