Εφημ. "Ελευθεροτυπία, Ένθετο "Ιστορικά" Τ. 39

Ilupoopeorxri pilvelvepri Knproug riyrllro oe loqtrlreg xorong ropolegrou 0xroppiou 1931
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OMOIA ME TH APA>H rng Kou-Kouf-Kcrvxopoxrnproeoe tio rou rn poon rng opyovc,tong <X> ornv nepioorou EpEuiouornv Ecro o Kprg fouvrxooug. Xrov opxnyo oDrnsrns opycrvoong, fepyro lpio, nprerveo rov Mcrxoprog nynBei rou o.neeuOeprrtuxou vo oyvo rng Knpou.O orxognrov n Evr.oon vo Us rnv Eoo.Kr e crpxizer notrx rnclgorrxonorxvir nou xoBroro ro orxo crvqrrxro. Ot Topror oulroueoDv rous ToupxoxunproDs znlnoouv rnv vcl rcrpclpovnrov Ayylov oro vnoi. Or Ayyor crzouv norxvir rogTopxoug, oro opizovrogrnv Toupxio npooroncrrov pouooupcrvov ornv Kupo, Epovrizovrcrg rcrurxpovovo f,eovucroouv of,rnroro ro AKE^ Kor vct rooncroouv eooreprx ro uerofro. Kor ro xopuEoio:n paon rng EOKA unovoueDcrot rn Yevcorlrns. ev Kopurpoioorexnrng opynvtuong crnoerxveror nrov ouvepyores u rov Ayyr,rv. Mnopei vo Unv enrecrrBnxe crur nou nioreue o N. Zcrxoprcrng, <n n EOKA nrov nproupynUorov Ayyrrtv>, rooroo crnoreopmo poongrns Ko.t rcr rng ornv nprn qrcron, on xor orn erepnog EOKA B' nrcrvnepinou nporcryeypoUpevo.
BA|I-EAHX NANAIONOYAOT
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xoveig v enrxerpooe vo o.f,,rooynoer enrypoppolrxo Lnv I]vcuucrlrKn npooqopo rt,tv Buzovr-tvv pog npoyvc,rv, xornye rre oro Bcr ntogn noyxopro oupnepooUct ovrrxerpevu< roo ornv onpo.oio. cv orpeiercrt rng npororunio rt-rvpyclvtns ucoorovlKns lros ypopporeiog.To xopoxrnprorrx exeivo nou no8roro rn UeoorovrKn envrxn ypopUqreicl noupn oe orKouUevrxenineo ev eivor nopo o xrrxpovog irxBog rov crlrrpnrov ou xoyept nou, ovrryporpovtog -rv to ncrvt-rv o' ro nonrrepo xerpypcr<po vo Krvoupyro, po.groc,.roov onUcpcl cvo Uepos ou rnv opxo.io.envrr<nno.po.oon. ro onpcptv texog t-ov <Iotoptxt.rv> tT rnv oo rou UcoclrovrKou ) - enrf,oge LJ ovrrvpcreccl:ulcl l{clr ev exoulre rrcrirepooro 8epo.rou onpeprvo eyKuUrer npoLrgnoctucvo oQrcp(J')poros, uos rogepouuc,xt'-rpig roerg upoLoLuniog, of, ue pe oro neprSpro rou Kclptvou uo ouvcrtpn to Bpo pog eyxuxouorrxcr ).npporo. Eug ovopvnoers rous Bo rornpov oo<poltirg rrg or noorrepor crxvcgon ro oul,crnrnproyro rn oroon rng Ayyiog oro Kunprox Kor rnv oyovor<rnon uou rcrxoreixerre ro uovenvro yrcr rn oro.on rng <ynpcrrogArvog>r,utogxoBrep8nxe vn cruoxqeiror KCllorn yrirooo pcrgn Ayyio. lloro eivcrr n upoeeuon rou xclpoKrnprolro cruro ; rtiv (Albion) civot n ovopooio tng A Ayyiog nou xpnoluonorciror xupir,-rg 1l H orov eUUe yo ru-rv rpo cuptonoirciv I I y.l,rooov xor n ouoio, rop' o nou eivnr xe.Luxng npoeleoer'rg, ouve8nxe, qu ncrperupoynonpe ro Lorrvrr<albus (<eur<g>), ro o.oeorn uerplrorcr tou pe oKrcSrns Dover nou ovrrxpizouv LrS nnerpouxng Eupung. <nopoouovn Arv> H r<rppoon epqrovizercuyro nprirn rpopooro yo.l,rxo (<1aperfide Albion>) ro 1793,oS K(ppoon rng cryovoxrnons rrou rcrxoreixerre rnv crovoorornpvn foiq yrcl rn oupUeLoxn ouvoontop rng Ayyiog oLov cDpurrrcrix evovriov rng. An rre o xo.po.xrnptopg r<crOe ourg 0o yivercrr enixcrrpo.g Eopo uou Bcr rctopoooovrot ot oxoetg rng Ayyiog pe vo eupouoit< xpcnog, rn lqio, rn feppcrvicr, o.oxo.r rnv Eoo noro rnv uepioo rns KDrlproKngxpiong. n rn <ynporo Ardlvo>, yro vo Unv ncrpc4reivoulrepvov oe oreperuncr nou unoyopeuovrcrro.n rnv e0vrxn po.goyovor<rnon,UoSpxovtor gog xor pnvgo.ronou rornpov.rroircpo rrg ppeg outg nou rooi on egog cxouv npooxoLnBei oe vq pu8onornpevo rn uopeOv, roxpovrr<n roug of;,io: or rrpencrvo ovttxpioouv to Nconveg gcov npoouo8ovros vo cnovoKtnoouvrnv <apxaio rxtivn aptLn. rnv tpyattxrnra Ket Ln t1nonovia nou unnpxe or4 qruxg rav EAnvwv' ro apxaio Irvupa tov EAnvav>. Me rnv nopoiveon ournv ouovrnoe, nprv crn rpror<ororrevnvro xpvro, o peynog rorrung oe rng Ayyiog John Milton (1608-1674), rou exr<noerg ASnvcriou tpiourou eovopou Oropo yro tnv oneeuOepcoon yvoug. rou roDpKoKporouUcvou rno euirorpo pog eivor, onlrepcr oxpru-rg, Lxvoour rng <ynporog to Artivog>.o nproupygtou (Paradise Lost), o <Xolrevou llopoeioou>> onoiog, peoo.cru ro pyo rou <Erxovoxorng)). pos curonpoivet lt: <o Log, uou f,enepvn ro perpo xnr unepoer oe egrou uS exn}oerg, roeg qopg cv lcprninrer pvo oc xotootoon ctct BpnoNnurngerootrotpictg, ovuqrver oro crBporou erou roug nye rou)). Kol tous otnog LCS ooreig Mnvulroro [ou. nop'o nou npopxovrot o.n rnv <euiouo Eonepio.>,rornpov rnv of,,ioroug yro UoS.ttoirepo onycpo. @ai6t'tv MoAtyxoung
Kupog vorr<roornxe oug 4-6-1878 on ro oourovooroug Ayyoug evcrvu ernorouproSlrorog 93.000oreprvvl Yorepo. on 86 xpvrcro evorKrcrorns <yuxo.Bnxe>) ro Noppro rou 1914tnv upoocrproornv ouroKpc[oprorou. Kcrr Orov promBnKr ous 28-7-1954 orn Boun rov Kolornrov, Dorepo ou ?6 xpovrcl -36 cvorxiou xor 40 xc[oxns- ylo ro nrc oxoneucr vo nopx(,)pnocr ro rxo.irrrlro crurorcrBeons o rng Knpou, oncrvrnoe:<Ounore>! rng oro Tnv onpepov,uorepo an 122xpvro, ef,oxoou8eivo Kc[xel repooueE cKrooelsKurrptoKng yng, oLlSonoiegcxcl eyKcrrcrornUCVCS orpouuuKes Lpetg ooergnou eeyxouvrnv ovororxn Meoyero.flpr<enor yrcr ns eyKoloorooers rov povnr,tvxpooeog rng vnoou-o.eponovo gpou. To pvo <epnro>ornv oyyrxn ncrpouoio,[ou enperlenoon Buoio vo nonyernBei, nrcrv o oxnporpoxnog xunproxg og,uou oxpo Kor onpepo ctvrlorcKerorue rnv o.pxoo-xuuproxnyooo rou, ue ro uovopxcrro. n8n ror B4rorou xor ro xuprrepo:rnv evrnrcrrou. Or oxoerg Envor<unpic'tvxor Toupr<oxunpirrtv, pe op<prrtvo crf,ruroreg po.prupieg, nrov oproreg. Envoruuprol Kor Toupr<oxuuproroupir,tvov oppovrxo xor rvovrov xorv oyovo evclvrlo oro crrorKtox xcrgeords Kor orrs f,evegerorpeiSrrou qro.ivovrov rov opuxr uoro rng vnoou (Kuupog yro rous KoroKrruegrng onpoiver cuprum: xo),xgl). Auoxopugr,tlro rou oyvo.rr,tv evopevov El,nvoxunpir,tv xor ToupxoNuupiov nrov or peyoeg onpyres rou 1948nou ryrvov oro pero.eio Eepo, Moupoouviou,Apiovrou x.o. Axpo Kcu oro npoqnEropo rns 15ngIovouo.piou 1950,xopu<poiog otrypng rng verepngKulproKng roroprog,oro noooor rou 96% rojv unoypoqrv<yup rng Evcoong>, er<rg on uS uloypcleeg rr,tv Appeviov, uov Ko8orxcitvNnr Mo.pr,rvuv, ouyxoroeyovrcuKcn unoypo(peg... ToupNoxunpiov. Eniong eivor xopcrxrnproux u or pveg ovupooergoro xooorx oirnpcr yro Evoon rrpoepxovrcrv on opropevoug oyyprtroug>Toupr<oxnproug < oorous, ol orrorolzruouocr on roug Bperovoug,oe nepinroton onoxctpnongroDS,vcr nopoxopnSei n Knpog xr ornv Toupr<io,uog 8o crvepsve xoveig, croorn pouooupovrrn Aiyuuro ! Aur ro reeurqio<f,exeiroe nornpr> oro unoupyeioAnorxrotv. Enpene or ro oyyrrg unnpeoieg noon Buoicrvo nproupynoouv orous Toupxoxnproug roupr<rxneBvrr<nouveinon. No <ppouv Topxougoor<oLoug xorzoeg. xor No gpouv roupxrxcrnoe1nNo oepooNoqrn, ore vo porpozouv or nrror roug oro norrcrrou oxoeiouroupxrxcronporoxrcr.Enpene upr,niorcog xruunOov vcr oLo (lyoxvo)) Ue rpopoKpour<o xruunporo or Toupxoxunptot,rrrolevo yiver en[eoug o roxclpropg rou evroiou xor oe<polrevou r<unproxou oou oe o onoprooulreveg<xorvrnres): rov tr).nvor<unpiov xo.r rov Toupr<oxuupir.rv. O evolog evouxg oytivog -uou Bo un8crueKor rov roupxrx e8vrxropf,,exivnoero 1954on rov lpio, vov ovSpono rov Eyyzov qn rnv uepioo rng opyovoong <X>, ncrrorcolrvo crv8pnoug cru tng Ivretzevg. To npro uo rng <X> nrqv... oyyrxcr xor or Ayytror nrqv orr rnv uprn ioope rnv reeuroio otrypn evnlrepor ov rr,tv unouOepevo ouvoUouKov Krvnorov rou lpio. O oyvo.g,rrou rov cryr<orcroe crgKcn rou overf,,e o nporKes Uopeeg, ruov pro.gef,,opxng... ornpvog.
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AnOTTTOKPATIA
H6xp4(4 B' rou lloyxoopiou Or ouvneregrng orKovoprxngxpiong xor n efloepou exove Lerqm eeuOepicrg npor<potrxv Beolrv eunxcrr nto roug Ayyouq peozcrvrn zon ornpou rou unOuopo,El'novexrrxog voxunpir,rv Nor Toupxor<unpitov.Ogouoreopotov onfvovrr org opr6v rpopooyrvnou enoen percrvrxn rorov rexrxfoerg xupvnon, xoOrigxor rng experoeuong ruYrlou Kunpiov. xovuv orr roug vruroug roroytpougxctr rorqr.A.rEoproopq r<neg, l.oixg pnzeg zooov oe ouv8nr<eg rqg orxoor Ilporopoyrog voprxng ef,oOLioong. yo rng orxovoprr<ngr<piong rou 1944 orn tng er<oeriog 1930,og onoteeopoKctl tov rorou Aeuxooio peyorepo mS
porerclUevov ovopprciv, ro UpoS opeorpng yng npooe otcr xprctrov roxoyEtov uotpo on ovoyxoouKesrloKcrlrov rortprroolv, noerg. Eulrqrorvope peuvo tou Mn. Tz. Edpnz (B.J. Surridge), o.f,,ro1roroxou orrorKloKou Kcrrou roD Seortog,o oypouxg un8uopg vnorou zouot ouvonxeg r<orro 82% unooutztqv. oe upr'nyoveg Or f,exnpropevor trl,nvoKurlpror r<or ToupxoKunpror oypregperoxrvn0nxov ong nergKcll oro peroeio,ovcrznrvrog rpuougemicoong. Koro tnv flolrepoxpcnio or Ayyor ev ovoyvprznv orov nn8uop rng Kupou rxoittlrcr eOlrxng rourrnrcrgn ouveinong. Eug enionlres orroYpoqes rng Kor orcr1rypotpo petcrvrnngroixnong or Toupxoxnpror ovoqpovrcrv og pouooulrovor Kor ol Eptpolvope Envornpror oS Un pouoou1nrvor. perovrxng xuepvnong, n Kupog rnv nouu<nrng e8eopeiro crvcrnonooto UepogmS perovrrng ouro-
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ytcl nrov vrog r<oOoprour<n toDSXuppoxoug, ctgou pvo pe rn rornpnon tou ei.eyxou rou vnoro 8q n roo<porzrov ucrpcryoynKor n pon rov [rpeul|r*{rssx{*xmv o.ir.lvou rn Mon Avcnonnpos tnv Eupun, yro s's{$ffi##{p&i#m ffi\dpsY$*d*# ug ovoyxeg rou noepou. Or Ayyor ctpxroov vo yivovror crvKuKorotrs rou oou yrcr exnpoxpcnrop xcrr erexrr<noerg xporoping. fro ro yo ut or Bperovoi ev ovoeu8epio,ru xropigrn ouvepyooicrrou nn0uopou yvprzov rr<orporo. ev emxovrqv ouorcrnuo- 0o. nrqv cruvorn n ouoreeoporrxn c4ruvuxn 0on unoSoeigrng Knpou ore crvr4uf,nolg eooreprKeg por<ron rou vnorou. Avx0nr<nv rnv ipuon tou u rnv troo n rnv Toupxio. AvuBerog, rrpoorrct- AKEA crn petrn rou nctpovopou Kolrpouvrour<ou Souocrvvo nproupynoouv otnv Kupo Uro Korvo- Kppcrog, oe ouvepycroio nl,eg upooormxrnpe vio., rng onoiog ro pn, ovef,,oprnrogqul.ng n 8pnreg ou ro xpo rou Kvtpou Kor rns ef,rtg. Axvcl vo or<eiog, or<<prowru, oqrrreprgepovtor Kor vo e- Lrn, errerpeqov ro 1943 rn ref,,oyoyn er<oyvyro vepyoDvrogunnxoor rng perovrr<ngouroxpotopiog. crvcrerf,n r<crr npcrpx<,rv nlrour<ov crpxv oug xpregnerg Knpou. rng to O nepog o-l\J\'zer eopvo Xro perof,u, ornv upoolcrBero roug yrcr opyovtlon To or<nvrx our ovorpo.unxe pero rnv expnf,n pero rnv Kq- rng opuvng rng Knpou, or Bpercrvoin1uopynow rou B llcryr<oopioufloe1rouxor errxcr orKovolnKns wctnruf,,ng rlou rucIV[poroouvOnr<eg romyn rng Kpnrng ourour;feppovoug ro 1941.H Knpog yro ox1rn Urcrgopo ornv roropio rng crvo- Wopes yro ro eolrevo rns eoxns. To ouvrxorLrS orrxo xivnlro r-xpetcrcu0nKe ouyxupieg outeg cr8piornxe oe uo onpovux orpornyl< xpo. Ernv nepiurroon crutn npooprzrov vo npocronioer Kcu rrerDxeoe uou pu<p xponx roornlro vo crvrcr oulrpo.xrxo ouptppovroilpog ovrrUerolton rou pcfei xor pe uvolnxeg rexxnoers vcrKc[oKrnoer qroorouxo r<rvuvou uou npoepxtcrvou ng uvtr- rxorporcrxor orqenpoto,ro ouoio oe oIeg xpeg Yotepo excreutov. r<cuortn8nxcrvuencrorr cryriveg pers roD Af,ovo. H orpornyrxn onpooio rng Knpou
orr rnv eiooo xor rng Eoreuxng Evoong orov nepooto n).euprrovXuppoxc,rv, Bperovoi yrvov oor xpn nro crveruxoi ous poornprrruegroD AKEA ror oug rexrxnoerg ouvrxorouKouKrvnUc[os. rou Eupioon E.Lnvoxunpiov xor Toupxoxuupiov An ro 1878, rov n Knpog neprnBeun rov eeyxo rng percrvrxng ouroKpcrropros, pxpr Kor ro rogrou B lloyxoopiou floepou or El.nvoxurlprol KCU Toupxoxunpror outrric,tvov or crppovrKo. Or Toupxoxuilpror, rroD ouoreoocrv nepinou ro 18%rou unBuolrou,nrov rooxopmolrvoroe n rnv Knpo, nou o nnBuolrgnrnv ovoprxrog. Xe xolno uepiurroon ev unnpf,,e onoronuore ropnxnn ovunornro petof, roug.Ore nctpctrnpnBnxcrv peroxrvnoerg nnBuopv Kol ouyKevrp0ronrousoe ouyl{oKptpcvn ncproxnrou vnotoD, pe oon rn pueuxn rous KctroyoJyn ug Opnoxeun nxg rougnenor0noetE. Tnv nepioo rou noe1rou riOetor orolg Ayyoug crrrorov envoxuuprox un8uop, nou orror_ -Louoe B2o/o oirnpo yro Evrrlontng Knpou pe ro , ro mv EIqo. Our,lg roEcriverol orcl euionpo yypoecr @peivO<prg, Ayyor ef,,ercrzov o_ rou or xnr u pvor roDSro evex1revo uopoxpnong rng KtrpoD ornv Eocr pxpr ro reogrou noepou,rog
{* f i]eryrir;,;-;*1*lcl i']*i:,i*t*. L:t ;ir,'!i':,ii:! lliit::!i:i:.!,, r,rgl,1i,;f':,r1't{.ii {,1ilif}i'lli.{,:,i i_i'tii.:i5;!iif.r:ri;,:ii*fI( l: i V1 i; i{ ;i titi{r i{i.: i.i {:i!iiti i,i{:i li ;itr Ui;j,fi.rlX
ovroporn yro rn ouUperoxn rng orov ue1ro oto ueup rr,tv Xu1r1roxr,tv. Ero oirnpo qur ev qroiveror vcr ovrepoocrvupvrurKo or pozeg rtrlv Toupxor<unpic,tv, uerovrnrcr n trov ouoic,tvnrcv evroypevor oe KorvoEopycrvocrg Envoxnproug. pvegcrvupnoerg Or Fe roDS oro xn8orx oirnpo rov Envorunpirrtv yro Evoon rlpopxovrcrvoro oplopevougoyyrproug Toup_ KoKDrrprcus ctoroDg, ouoior znroocrv ouvxron ot rn rng ruprcrpxios rov Ayyol oto vnoi, n, oe nepinrc'ton ouoxpnong roug, rnv nopoxpnon rng Krlpou ornv Aiyunro, yco u n xtilpo crurn irtov rou pouooupovrxn. H opyovolrevn crvripcron rov Toupxoxuupiov ornv Evr,ron Bo exno8ei uvoprxn xcrxpvro opyrepo,rn excrerio rou 1950. Evrotx xivnpo orr ro AKE^ To reog rou noLpou onporoorei rnv evopf,n rtov oneeoBepotrxvxrvnporcovoe oxnporov )
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AnOTxTOKPATIA
xopo evovriov rou crlorKroKpcruKou ouornUoros. peupo rnnprcroe Kcrr To uoyxopro qvucrrrorKrcrK no..rrnv Knpo. To AKEA,0rS n rrro opyovropevn uxn vo1rnpe peyon enrppon orov nnOuop, ovoerov nyeux po orov oyvo yro crneeuOporcnr<or ouroro8eon. Aur nou enrrcoxrov, rouoxrorov pexpr rnv vopf,n rou epguiou noUouornv Eqoro 1945,nrov n Evoon. To AKE opycrvctve UozrKeSxrvntonornoers Kor Ue notrxo Toroupxrxti rrpoonoBouoe ef,,croqrcr],ioer ucrpcrxcJpnvo rnv Ueocl pe oeponfvor4v on rns Knpou ornv EAoo,nou unnpxe rre ro eniveuoq rov no uvor oprorep xivnlro. rou EAM,zEAAE. Ayyov oupp6ouv e0uxf Mro no onpovur<n, oo oyvr,rorn muxn rou crorqv vuc[rolKlqKou oyvo rtov Envoxulpiov eivo.rxqr ronoroyriry4orl n (UOU_ ourpoon uou unpe opeoog pero rov nepo ro TOv oou;ttivorv" lou AKEA yro ref,oyolyn vonou cryovcr,ornv uepinpener yivouv rrroon nou or Ayyor 8o opvouvrov ro rxoicolro cruvo roroBeong orov r<unproxo pe uo),urxeg ror"Toupxoxnproru r<ooieg. Onog npoxunrer crurn peern rcuvpercrvrxv opxeiorvrng neprou,ro AKE opxroe pope roro rn ouyxvrpolon noep.oEoicov rnv r<tro-
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un ouropou Kol [upoUcrxrxv un onoBnxegrc',rv Ayyrov. H npoounBeroourn ev epeevcr ooxnpoBei. Ontogonoxouurero.r rov o.uro opxeicr perovrxv puouxov unnpeorV ro oxero reppeDoeoroueAyyoug,pe ouoreo1ro ounqrn rn r<o.r Euoxronoreexvrng Aprorepog. Or poornprrruegrou AKEA ev nprer vo f,evloov rous Ayyoug,o.gopxpr Kol rnv vopf,nrng flporropooKuouKns neprourou oyvcrrnE EOKA, or oxercropoi UuouKt'lvunpeorcv roJv rous cronor<erouxo pvov rnv crvrrperornxor eopouocrv on vonou oyvcron ro AKEA. Mexpr ro 1950orcr syypcrecr Ayyorvev <poivero.r ef,erozero.r rov vo ro Knpror rer1evexpevo ovrrpernrong evouou cryvcrcru ro oro rou19ou ortirvoxpo rng Exxnoio.gn rng ef,rog.
peronrxfg M6rrono ef ng-Ayy.l,rov evupooieg Mero ro rogrou nopoun perovrxn nonrxn

przxo. urgoflorcnpos rnv Kuupo pcLopoprptilvcLot pe-.eopo rnoropo Kcll rou qruxpou nop.ou rou rof,,u rr,rv upnv ouppnxrrrv.H Knpog onxrnoe r<ornnr rrcrirepnorpornyrKn of,io yro roug uuxoug, oo ourn rn tpopo og nporpyro npooourons rov oupgepvrcov roDSorn Mon Avoron Ncrr ornv npoonoBcro rougvo ncpropioouv cnrppon rnv Kcu rreKroon rng Eoreuxng Evorongornv Avoro-
rxn Meoyero. rnv Erougoxeroopoq roug, ylcr vo ctrtoTperltouv exnr"ronxrvnporoc ornv Knpo ou ro AKE^, nou BcreBereoe xivuvo rcr yeouortrxo ouptpepovro rng uong, or Ayyor opxrotrv pero ro 1945pto I nc ouot n pcrr n poono0crorir proprolrorJ r'ttl ppons rr<n KcrrrolJ pou rou xppmog ornv KurplctKn r(orvcDvio: evOoppuvov eeyxorov olrcirv Er<xtrnrng rov oicrgrng Kunpou qn rn ef,rcr.Touroxpovo evuvopooov ro xpporcr rnE Aef,rog yro vo xpnolUonorn0ouv rogcvrinpo oro pi.o Kcn ornv eutppon rng Aprorepos. Me rov rpuo out etrirrrxov vo pnypcrrcr ornv xo8orxtnto rtov npoxcr,.eoouv trnvoNunpiorv, oirnpo yro Evoon, pe rn rooro p{-lt'}nou. ottoon loDcot.rrcplt<o rov Aur eutexOnxe oprouxo pe ug peOoeuoers tn Ayycovrrou creopoDotrv ouyxnon rng <Xqryvoorns or <Arooxenug oueuurngXuveeuc;nq>, xng> (Noepprog 1947 - Auyouorog 1948).H tctoKerrrlKn unoriScrcrron eixe oxou rnv uroBrnon Euvrcrypcrog, onoio 8n nopeixe xouoregef,ouoieg ro roruorougKunprouspovo yro Oepotoeotoreprxng epvnong.H ef,rr crpvn8nre ouppsroxn eppsvoEe vrcls oro ouvBnpcr<Evororg Kor povov Evtoorg>. norehxa ro AKEA, crvefoprnror crDrn ouUlrereixov
10
vruofrolnoers llcrpcrrnpnSnKecll] rn uro Korvurollo EnvoKurrpiov Kcll ToupKoKurrpicDv epyflv flou ruov opyov0ruvor oprorepesouvLexvics orrs Kor crr mv oLn proo Exxnoiog, ef,rcrg, [,evov erorperov KcrlcrrrolKtcrKng xupvnong. To onorxrox xo8eorg enr8nxe oe rdlf,erg ouqv xcrr oreexvrng Aprotepos Kctrrou ouvrexvroxo r<rvnporog. Axpn, or AyyLor pe0euoov xor reur<uVov r<oBooornv Kupo orr rnv rnv Ecrqxrlrcrxiou rng rpoUoKpcrrrxngopyovorong <X>, yrcrvo rpoouvoro vnoi rn X2. Men rng X2 ovoov epyoorxo rnv rpolroxpornon rov oproTcpvnycrtirv ror opyovooetrrv. Aroiper Kor ooieue Epoppzovros rnv iro rorpeuxn roKuKn, or Bpetovoi roppgr.roov yro updnn gopo notrxn, n onoicrorxeueornv ctvcrouyKptnon ororxsiov rcov rng KurrproKng xorvc,rviog,ro onoio nponyoupevos onoxoouoov pouooupovous. roupKrKn xorvoc rruo Ueroupxrxn ouveinon. Evcituponyoulrvog or Ayyor ev crvoyvprzov orous pouooulrovoug
0rAyyor 1948 ro opyovrirvouv xd0oo roupxrxtirv oeponvov orqv pe Knpo oxond voepquo{oouv oT0uq Toupxoxunpioug rqvroupxrxli e0vrxli ouvei4oq
T* &9{.#!z a,ixc***ry#{yi{y#$ {gS#ffi} *,';r;yz&* #v{b\f #Ld &yyffi*affipv*#vyffiw #}

"33ed #T,**rr*ffiwryrz #tr {#ffipftrK*#ffi*mu
pyowegrng ef,rogxor or ToupxoKurrprot. Ontog upoxunrer o.nrn peernrtoveyyporpcov rng rooxenuxng, ev urnpf,,e nor errxprvngupBeon rov Ayytiv yrcl ouorotrKes ouvroylrclrffes lreroppuOpioerg ornv Knpo. AvuBer<og, rooxeuun Kr1ruov Usposrov oxeroopt-rv rous yrcr nopcrnpo ruouoon torv Envor<unpicov. nyeoio"rou AKEA H royreu8nxe ornv rcrxuxn rov Ayycov oulrperxovros orn rooxenunn, ivovtug ror rnv eur<orpio otn cf,rovo ious rpoproer pelorvrorng cyxororn erqrngrou evtouxo oyovo Anoreeopo rng noi,eprKng ourns nou exrme on rn ef,,ronrcrvoe ouvropo xpovrx roornlro vu xooer ro AKEA rov nyenx po roDorov oyrivo yro oneeu8epoton-ouroro8eonKol vo. r<orooreioupoygro.rvef,,eif,ecov. Orqv ro AKEA enrxeipnoe vcr ovoBeopnoerrnv nonrxn rou Kor vo ovoxrnoet f,ovo rov nyeux poAo rou, eunOexmo pronov ouyKpouonpe rn ef,n. Xrcrren rou 1948nproupynOnxov ornv Kupo ouvBnxeg epquiou rroi.epou,rov n trxxnoio xo.r ro ouvrxoro rnE Aef,rog, nou on0rvrqv xor uuoornpizovrov ou roug Ayyoug, oDyKpouornKv Lre rnv Aprorepo. Hrov rre uou unnpf,e otnv Knpo n peyon epluuxn ovoropoxn oro pepe roeicr rclpclrsrqrcvsgonepyieg.Xe autegug xr-
roupKrKn eOvrxn ouveinon n xoroyoyn, ovqOepnoov rnv uonrxn rous Kor enriof,ov oxprg ro ovriBero. H ef,uunpernon rov oDlrqpvrotvroug ornv neproxn eneqernv uopoupcrroouoon rns KurrproKng xorvc,rviog, exrgon ef,,rog oror prorepous,oe Toupxougxcrr Enveg.YtoBouovrcrs roDSeOvrxropog, Ayyor nioreuov u Bo or rornpooov Ue rov filo ovuvo rpuo rov quAuro eyxorng Kupou, no.izovrogroug ef,rogevovriov rr,rvoprorepv n ro ovriorpoEo. Kr ov crurorroruyxove,rre 8o. nqrzv ro iro nqrxvir oroevovriov rov Envr,tv. eovrcrs roug Topr<oug Me oxon rn nynoupyio. yro Toroupmx rcovupouo8oeorv noio rnv epncoon rng roupKrKngouveinongoro Uou- "XoUrvny6r, oe ooulrovrx un8uop rng Knpou, or Ayyor op- enioxe{q or4v yovcooovrnv xqOoo oro vnoi noir,tv tou vcrutrxo Appyororo ro xor oeponovorvrng uoeprxng o.eponopiogrng 1938 Toupxicrg, oro ouoiq pergepov roug ToupnoxnproDSyro <e8vrxn> ronoroyrbynon.Euiong, opyovoocrv rnv xnOoo ornv Kupo Toupr<cov ooxoi.otv xo t Opnoxcurtxv nycrrr-rv. H uro onpovuxn, prog,ouEoon ornv eqlcrppoyn rng uotrxng ourng nrov n ooroon ro 1g4Bon ro qnorxrox xoOeorg pe FroSerrrrponng, poug evrong rn ref,oyr,tynepeuvosyro (rct znrnporo)
' " i
0rp4rponoireg IIOD Kriou Nrx4pog crqopoDv efrnpeozouvInv roupKrKnKorvoKor Muovdg rruo rng Kupou>,urogopxroov vo onoxcrov xor rn Kup4vefog pouoougovrxn perovrnro. Me),og rng erupolns Mordprog o ouLngnrov Kol o vuv nycrns rns roupKoKulplclKns xot oplrlrovpir4g xorvrnrcrgPoog Nrevrrog. Xrxogrrov Ayyr,:v nArovorog n ypnyopn peref,erf,n rr,rv pouooulrovtovrng rv Kuxxdrqg Knpou oe roupxrxn r<olrnto pe or4 norf,,excoprorg Fofo, uxg rexrxnoerg xor otnporo. Tnv nepioo crutn peropoivovreg sU(povizrcrl ro roupKoxunproxnol,lrx xolrKor perd oroAovivo <H Lro Fs rnv enotvutrrio Klpog eivor Toupxrxn> ilg ropoleg rou ovunpUe nyern rov Oozi-},Kourorox, pererrcrrcr 1931
Anpriou 1955. Apocog Urq, ro Eenrepprorou 195b,or Ayyor ouyxoeoov rnv Tp4repn rcroxeqrn oro ovivo ornv onoicrnpooxn8nxov vcl rctpctorouvn Eoq Kor n Toupxio. fro. uprn Eopo or Ayyor, pe rnv crvoxn Kol rn ouvevoxn mg rre envrxng xuepvnong, ovcryvprzoverrronUospo rng Toupxiog ornv Kupo. Kor yro nptn <popo te8nxe ou neupog Toupxiog n onoirnon yro r<uprcrpxrrorxor1rcto rng oto vnoi. Mercrrnv e[r[n ourn, c,ig onoreo1ro wrprcDV yerrilv xor peOoeuoeolv rr,rv Ayyiov, o oyvog rou KDrlproKouoo yro oneeu8pc'tonou rov onorKloKporrKozuy xor ouroro.Oeon perorpcrnnxeoe [ozcrpepo.perof,u rcovric,tvKor rov o <pnrpr,tv uorpir,tv>.
rov uotrx Kcn orpouoJrlxrcpo ro loozyro uvolreorvpcrof, rt-rvov lrlrox1rcvt^rv neupcirv ornv enepxpevn ouyxpouon eixov rerxo.ropopEclBei. An rn pro neupo pioxovrov or Envoxunpror roonoopsvol oe clprorepous ef,ro9, xor nporegKor rrorprreg. Or Eovcuropveg xor ouerpegnyeoieEev pnopooov vo crvul,nE8ouv rcr rexrorvgevo oro fiopooKnvrq xor nrqv o.uvc4reg npooouv ovo uorqnnore ouotoouxn qvrioroon orougnouvocpo LngKunproxngAnpoxporiog. lrous UnxovtoUous rcDvAyyr,rv. To oupppovro Qg curoreopcr nortrxng xor rclv peBoeu- rcovEnvoxunpicov xo}.ouvrov vcr er<npooclnnoet rng oov rov Bperovv, n KUIrproKn xorvcrtviqroonnpe ro Ulcr(Fruepo norpicr> vcrncr rpoupficr on rov ornxe rerxcroe Topxougr<orEnveg,evti n e- EpEuro xor ni.npcog ef,o.prnpevn r<o.r oup8upn nvoxunproxn xorvrnrq oe ef,,rog Kor oprore- vcr ouyKpouorei pe roug peyoougnpoororeg rng. poug. H roonoon ourn exEpozrov oe ougroug Oniog eine o fepyrog flonovpou, n Ecrqoropergrns KurrproKns r<orvtovioE xupir,tgoro ou- vnvee pc uo nvcuUoves. xor evov ogeplKclrx xor vtexvtox Kivnpcr, oro onoio rucrv opyclvoUevoror vov oyyrx Kor (DS routou ev irrov npBu1rnvo eK epyoregmg Knpou, Envoxnplor Kctr Toupxono8er oo<puf,,io xo.pn rng Kupou. Au rnv oyrcr KDrlpror.Eror, nproupynBnxqv ef,reg, cprorep g n, n Toupxio"opiornr<e npoororng rcovpouoouo KclrroupKlKcg ouvLexvicg opyo.voerE. xor povov rns Knpou. Mrcr Toupxicrnou ef,,nBe oH Toupxia oro fiorxvir nrn on ro B lloyr<opro llepo, pe ovocr8prAv xor or Ayyor xorecrov orreyvorolrveg rrpo- opevo yeconourx po Kor 6rSrK rouroDUe roxuyro onoBereg rn nproupyio roupxrxng ouveinong pous ouulr0xoDs. orouggouooupcrvous vnorou, evrourors rou pxpr ro H enuuxio rng perovrxng rur,4roriognrov ur,rg 1955ouequyov vo epnf,ouvn vo ctvcryvopioouve- pero rnv cvoxorcrvolrnnov roozuyirrtvornv Knpo, n lronU(DS ornv Toupxio ouoronnorepo oug uno- Bpercvio perorpo.nnr<e crn olreoo epuex1revo pBoerg Knpou. To oxnvrx ooov oqopo rnv - pog oe eurronnrn prog <roEopog> rng perof,, tr,tvuo pnoxn rng Toupxicrg oro povrng Knpou, on Korvorruov Kol rov pruepov rrorpiov roug. Ev no^teupo.g Ayyov, o).crf,eUe rnv evopf,n rou vo- oig,n Bperovio ef,n0eorr flrn rnv roropio <xounnou oneeuBepc,tuxou oyrivo rng EOKA rnv 1n rcr orrqvvn), xoro rnv xunproxn oixn pnon, non xopig ro nopcrlnxp ouorcroux xorog.AwrBerog, rnv {) l,{ayy i1 i {}nd i}lirt*i p i{$1r!/ er t\'ptt t; W * t\Nff rs *}n*'Tr\{,, rcroEoroe eooei emxupropxio rns oro vnoi. Me -$"t**pxi**; "'E-rr*t6;t*l:;r: eopevoour ro oxnvrr<,lo onoreeoporou cryvcr trl'{lrd irl,l*r':pr** {:i,ri ,&tr:i::taer,:r3;ut Envoxunpiorvyro rcrv Evcoonnrov nponyeypop#-i{}fi,irlfrlir,t{::,lK_**n:{lrxffi r;*qxr:.\Wfi%} UevoKor evrerigcvef,oprnro qu ro ixqro rous,rnv ouro0uoiq Kol rov nporop rrou errsrfiovro uurrcr roug xoro rov evoto oyvo uou oxo,\oBnoe. f
12
1952 opyovroon evonou oyvo rpueror n EuLontnpto ornv nloreio Opovoicrg EBvrxn Opyovroorg Kunpir,lv Ayovrorv (26.l0)'n rnvrxh xor KunploKnlprdToomv ABnvo pe ouvBnpo (Evoorg n Oovcrrog) Kcrl <Or Ayyor omv AyyLio (B.S). ouio ouvovro rnv opvnon rr,tvHIIA, tng puouxn ooxepn Us rn oupopyovvetor M. Bperoviog, rng Toupxiog xor reu<on fevrxn Xuvel,euon tou OHE pe rynEropo UeroxnTouMoxopiou. rou olorpotou ctvnouvroyporopxn lpio, rcov oeLqv rng ouonepnet ro Kunprox (15.12).ronoizrnxor otovnotrrxt.rv. oTporrru- oerg evovtiov rng Ayyiog, rov HIIA xrrrvnopoyvrciv -Orn oorerpn riBerot n Kor rng Toripxiog oe A8nvo r<urOeooo}onpoonrrxnroucvonou yrcl vixn grro rnv ovoxoivt'.ron olpoong clvrdvo rnv cnrrng uonrou Kunproxo(2.7). n levtxn Xuvetou OHE - ouyKpouoetspe rnv Aotuvopio - ouLnqerg Kor rpouporroUoi (16-18.12). euon rov Hvolrevov EBvrov pe pio toroprxn tnEonqoon ornpizerrnv opxn rns yevrxn ouepyio omv Knpo (18.12). outoroBeong ovoyvctpizerro uoiopo r955 xor tng ourotoBeons Apxizer pe erpnf,erg orn Aeuxcooioo voLov xor eBvdv (16.12). 1953 uog oyvog mg EOKA (1.4). nolrEonnux ouo-Lnrnpro O Moxoprog pe emoron rou [pos rov urtp mg Knpou (9.4). n Ayyoruepvnrn rng Knpou oep Avrprou Bperovio roei Etroo xor Toupxio oe Pon znrei rnv (flpooppoyn> rng Ayyrrprpepn ooKsrynoro ovivo - yro nprn (popo n Toupxlcr erooyeror oro Kuupror xng roixnong otnv ou<poon tou OHE -o tog puBprorng xor rvrorpepUcvo xuepvnrngonoppiurer ro oirnpo (22.4). Urpog (30.6)' ouvpxerororo ovivo n Tprpepng 1954 tooxcrpn xt',rpig ouprpt-rvio rt.rv pcpv H ooruvopiotoucroftovopcupevn ou(29,8) o veogrruepvnrngrng Knpou Xopyxevrpoon rov qonnrv yro rnv Knpo vrrvyx onoppinler oe ouvovrnonUC rov ornv ABnvo (27.2). rproxunproxn ronMoxcrpro oxero yro rnv eniuon rou Kuoon Eotnrtiv orn Oeoooovixn pnpog rlproKou orn on rng ouroro8eons- yt oroperovrx npofeveio - ouyNpooerg pc nptn Eopcro Moxoprog eyroroleiner rnv rnv ooruvoplo (20.3). veg ronoerg reo rng opsons Evoong xor uroBerei rnv ornv ABnvo (19.3). xrnl,oerg ror otn onoqrn nepi ouroxuepvnong(11.10).oe Pounep rng Kunpou (19.3)' n uopl,oon poztxn ront'ron Kunpit'rv oyt'_rvrotv poontv KoI Qollnttl)volo KCVTpo trr.,v tns orn ruxuroioor Ayyororpoltul0snupoABnvogperorpeneror oe tonaton unp oov xor oxorvouv vo roncotn rou Kunproxou - or (polrruegxoive rn pe(28.10)' nporooergXopvrrvyx (21.11). or rovrxn onpoio (24.3). ouonrnpto unep Ayyor Berouv extg vpou to AKE xor tng Ev<oong i,egng peycreg oe n,Lerg tng oegcrprotepg opyovoerg(ex.). Etroog(25.3). om Boun rov Korvorn1956 tov o urr. Auorxrv Xnxrvoov n,\,verO Moxoprog exrorizeror on roug Ayyoug n n Knpog eivor yra tnv AyyLio orpoTnyrxn ncproxn zrr-[rxng (9.3). ronrorg Hpoolg Xeixeeg oro onpooiogKOI ofioxno ropoprupUcvor yr rnv errnron xeier rnv eqoptrtoyn rng ouroroBeong (28.7) or Ayyor uroBerovprpo itof,ng rou Moxopiou xoive ro oyy,\,rx npof,eveio (10.3)' vo eneroroornv ABnvo oe ou(2.8).yevrxn onepoc opos rt"rvKunpiurv yio ornv Knpo (12.8).oooopn n iroverrlonrnpro Drroprng Kupou - or efreg erpqrepieg ro onoiouv orous KopUouvrolnproKh xorvrnro tng A0nvog (ouyxniog, xo8nynrg, qotnrrxoi ouLoyor) rcrotg nor oroug npoxropeg rt'tv Ayyov (12.3) ornv nopcoon ouyxcvLptrpevor ni.ver oro llponuoro unp rng Knpou ot '21)), (15.8)'150.000 ronlcoregoto Xuvtoypo uQovozouv (H EOKA ouvexizer ro (^ryevng - EeuBepotrng> <Ono ornv urp rng Kunpou - 52 Lpouporicg ornv olxor nerporov ronrortivvo qrooouv otnv EOKA) (25.3)' oe ronLoergornv ABnvo oyy,\rxn npeoeio(20.8). n Aprorepo upourrep r(DvKunpir,tv oycovtorv Kopoon rot relverovonpooovorotoprng efr,treptxng Anpnrpiou, oxorvovror 3 tontoreg notrruxng rng xpog oro neup rcDV (9.5)' extetrouvror ou ug perovrr<eg ooopotororrrtjvxurptrv. copevn rnv ufiope xg or KopooLng xor npnrplou (10.5). eornprf,n TouSorov oyt,lvo rou KunprcrKorl xrcouvror ornv Kunpo ot ovuvlorcs Loou (28.9). o Moxoprog yiveror exrg AvpeogZoxog, Xopioog Mrxon xor Iootnv ABnvo ou xrtoeg ronotg ror roog flororong (9.8). rontoon KuouvBnporo (Krtpos - Evoorg> (29.9). o npitov (EOEK) ornv A8nvo roeroron lpiog puouro qrover ornv Knpo yro rnv tnv ootuvolrio (10.8). n EOKA ovoorer
rn poon rns oTnv Kuupo yro vo reuxover ug ouvopriegpe rov XopvuvyK (18.8). or erxsrpnoerg EOKA enovoo1rovomg vror U0 rvroon (28.8).onoyxovizovrcrr or oyovrores KouroErog,Moupolrporng xor flovoying qrotvozovrog <Evrootg> (21.9). o orpopg oyvog rng EOKA npoxo.Lei rnv ovriBeon rng nuepvnons rng ABnvog (Oxr.)' unocrtrovror or nporoosrg Povtxtrp nou puBgizouvrnv coturrprxnouroxuepvnon rng Knpou (13.12).yrcrrpcorn qopo n;looreovLor enionprgonEcrg rrriv Bperovv yro xrrtprorn ouroro8eon E-trnvoxunpitov Kcrr Toupxoxunpicov (1e.12). 1 957 Xe qnEropo rou OHE yro to Kunprox ovoeeperol n ovozhrnon erpnvrxng xor ixorng uong.(oupqt,lvo UC1S opxcs Kol tous oKorrousrou Xoprn rou OHE> - rxovoloinon otnv Eoo xor rnv Knpo (22.2)' onoyxovizeror o cryiovrorng llotrnxoping (13.3)' one,\,euBepveror Moxoo ptog, o oroiog eyxoBiororor ornv ABnvo, yco ouoypeuonsTov Bperovv (28.9). o Moxoprog znrei on rn perovrxn xuepvnon vo ouppopqoBeroro rrvcul]o rng ouEoongrng f.). rou OHE (28.5).vogxuepvnrng ornv Knpo o oep Xrou Oour (22.L0). I 958 O Moxcrprog n,ver u n etrnvrxn rtsupoev Bo exrei nore .\on rxorpnong ornv Kunpo (30.1). rooueoerg rou Oour ornv Ayxupo Kor ornv ABnvo (Iov.Oe.)'oLn AeuxrLroio gcnpoyporonoreiror yoo ouonrnplope oeoppn rnv cnercro rns 25ngMoprrou- Kuplopxouv ouvrcl Bnporo: Evtoorg,Moxoprog, EOKA xor ryevng (25.3). ouyKpouoersxor oo<povieg oplorepov oycovrotdtv ornv Kupo ort ef,roug (26.5). ro oxro rou nproBunoupyou Moxpilov nou unooeror ornv oyyhxn Boun upotoBeirn uon rng rxorpnonE - oTlopplflretot ono rnv xunprorn '|9.6) ncupo( io xor tpolroxporio on pnpous rov Ayytov ornv Knpo (Io.). 1959 H ouprpr,-rvio Zupixng ovoproo ornv rnE Etrqo Kor rnv Toupxio nponetlrero[u ol,r'rv xcoprorn qrntporpopiorr,tv uo KOIVOT rng Knpou. hruJV xtoprornorpclTlullrxn uvopn El,nvrrtv xor Toupxov -opnxovio ornv xunproxn fleupo (12.2).n llevroUepns rooxeqm rou ovivou xnpuooer rnv Kupo ovef,oprnrn npoxporio uu tnv eyyunon rng Eoog,tng ToupKroSKor rng Bperoviog (19.2).
13
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0 f. fpfpogtog oplqydg rou vruoplrouvlouxeg uenorOnostsrou. Opog ro yepAyponxo pcrvrx yevrx eurteeioonqvrnoe u "ev ouvoprKtipporog rorv ei pe noropxo" Kor uou neproorepocrgou o "oonpovrog">., Xr6v ro 1947 ouvroypcuopxngeOeopefto ewerirg opYovoon <X> o.nxrnoe unorcron ro rou E0rvonorpo 1943,rnv or Ayyor crnoI ' .' gooroovvcl rn xpno4ronornoouv orov flo:: Ar-ponou npoeLoipclzov ytcr vo cf,ovr..1 ": . ooDv t-oEAM/EÂD. Exeivn Lnv ncpioo neoepe oef,inrr,noornv xorexpevn trAoo o Neoznovgoxoygrou oyyrxou orporou Nrvovr )tot, o onoiog xpnortrrouorooe rgeuvuro po Nrov. O Nrov eixe cruooron ouvevoereg vo ug ef,rgopyovoerg nou pouoovrre ornv Eoo. TerxEorxognrqv n nproupyio xorvoperr,rnou TnSef,ng, nou 0o xpnorponorovrovrnv Koroni.n orrypn xotn rou trAM/EÂX, oro noiolo rov oxeiov rou Topror vq Oeoer rnv Eoo Tooripo r4q "X" un oyyrxn enppon. oPyovttO4g nou rpoer Tov Oxrpro rou 1943 o Nrov xorenxe ornv ei;1e Ue orqrfprero ABnvq xor opxroe rooueoerg uS roEopeg rqg Koroy{g opyovoerE.Eug 26 rou lrnvo yrve ouvcrvrnon ror,) o rcov fe6pyroq fpipog. Nrov pe rov lpio Kr rous emxeqrong orov onoreopo rng onoiog nrov n Orov onop- ef,rv opyovoec,tv, pfrp04xe roug uuoypoqn evg upc'troxououvepyooiog, Tnv ion pp{xe ro.pepo o lpiog xneoe ouoKUrn l-eppovog oreexr,tv Lng xorogyro oroug (X), oro ouirr trrtv oe<pritv Mrx-trn xcrr KrovotoBperovog vtivou EuoroSnououyro vct rous evnpepoer., nou npoeroipo(ov Ern ouvof,n exeivn o lpiog crvoroivooe u rnv ro ovrinoov eog iro pepo eixe yiver ooxeqm ovurouEAM tlpooottrrvrcovopyovoeov EÊE, PAN, upoepio rou Ayyou oxoyoNrov xcrr u o' ournv EAtrM, EKO, X eixe oulrrpovnOein uuoypo<pn evg npc,rroxou, xor E.E., uro ouoio npovoooe ouvepyooicr rrov opyovooeotv IIO INV <to rov eBvrxvoytrvo>xor ro onoio oveqrcpc rr ornrov upOupor<vo Beoouvauooov rnv Uoxnuxnv rov uvolrrv un rog roroyog rou orpcrnyeiou rng Meong Avorong>.' fJg upog rov oycvouou Bcr crvoopovov or ouvpycrzopeves opycrvooerg, ourgev BcrorpeEtov xqto rov leppovrilv, otro xorcr rou EAM,zEAA)., Ef,oou, nog upoxunrcr on rnv eppnvcionoucrvov or iror or Xireg oro neprexpevo pvnUorou viou ouvepyooicrg, rerxg orxos rucrv n myn rerorclv Lrerpov,ore percr rnv crneeuBepoon vo rrepvouoe o eyxogrng xtitpog crn ro xepro rov feppovv oro xeplcrrrrtv Ayyov. Evo pnvo pero rnv Dnoypcleh rou nporoxou o lpiog eixe [pooonrKn erroen Ue ug oyyrxg puouxg uunpeores,xqro rnv onoio rou Bnxe n unoxeonu n opycrvoon 0q evroxurcrv rou on rougAyyoug pe urxcrpocr.u H dO) elrnpooSorpu.l.oxn To rogtou noepoupnxe rnv opyovoon <X> ,. t t
f,, rr,tv xuepvnrrxov uvopeov Kor rou EAM n Xup<povio Bopxrzog. n onoicrrrpovooDo ctrng rov <pon),rop ov ntv opyavoec,tv. oupqri,tvio H ourn xoronornBnr<e ou ug uvoperg eOvopuoxng xor ro royporo. ooEoi,eiog, ro onoicl emorporeuBnr<ov yro rnv ef,vrcoon trAM,ztrAAX. Or rupnves rov rou ooporov crurv ntqv clpeg rng opycrvcoong <X>, n oroio ropc4rouoerporoyovroux po orn euxn Tpolroxpcrio. H opyovoon rou lpio, ou prr<pn xor cronpovrn ef,eixOnxe o' evqv xcro opyovc,rpevo rroux otpor, xopn oug pcrzrxgeropog Uev,ro onoio 0 Kprq rlpopxovrcrv o[ rous oorqpoveg, rougoucroug fouvry6oug, tou No0eorcorog 4ng Auyoorou,rougrooioyoug upxnyq rng rnq xo.r rcr pn rorv royporrrtv oogoeiog.u EulrEtrtvope pperouxlig ex0eon rns BperovrKng Erponouxng Muouxng orporrorrxfg Ynnpeoiog (MIS), ro Mcrpuo roo 1946n ouvorr<n onoorodg or4v uvopn rng <X> ovepxrov oe 50.000ovrpeg, ou Ea rqv rorf roug ouoiouE or prooi nrov evonor, evt,l n opyclo- nepioo 14g on eixe rerouoer eg evoneg oe ug uvo1rerg., Korol{g O irog o lpioS roxuprzrovu n opyovoon rou eipn.'o xe 200.000 O lpiog, ov Kol rucw Uexpr reougcrpxnygrng
il i?i:,1i'i.:1ri:;i{*'t,rlli,l :::i,t}ij i'"i}i*l: {riil{r*}... r " '":' ,;;:,;7r,rili47.;;;. {:i#i}}.:i11,!' , trl ti,*:'::::.:l:i:{ : ;:a i i,iti-i{'?, I {:il]*'f {:rli,i{ i' ti *,i:jt' **rl; '.|i:l
trpoerorpoopvnyr evonn poon evovriov rou EAX xor unp tc'.rv Ayyc.tvKl rolJ oorrr. Tnv 3n exeppiov 1944,npepcr xora rnv ouoicr f,ouooov or ouyKpouoers ornv ABnvo, or Xireg o.noreeov rnv elrnpoo0oqucrKn rov xuepvnrrr<v uvqlreogor onoiegurroornpizovrovou ug cryyrxeg uvcrperg eixrv eroo.er nou omv Eoo. Eupgr,tvo pororope nnpoEopiegon ro f,evo noeprxcr opxeio,n opynvoon rou lpio ovorf,,e perconope rov EAE ro npoi rng 3ng Aexeppiou, nporo oxpn or rclpoxesornv A0nvo. Iluf,eonooouv o.rpornpg yKKprpvo, Unrng <X> euueBnxov ro nporv exeivoorov EAAI, oro Eo rou @rouonnou.u Tnv in pepo uvolrergrou EAAE ueprxxtoocwtnv ltproxn uou pouoen opycrvolon <X> oro Onoeio. O fprog.nou eixc to opxnyeiolou oro tpoppor<eio rouueBepou rou, flovoyrm Ntxq, xrvuveuevcr ounpBei ou orrypn oe ouyUn. Tre erouorn0nxov or Ayyor Kclr o royUcrropxng MurEopw Tzouvg opyovrooe enrxeipnon rcrooong tou.' H Aeuxn Tpoporporio To Oepouopro 1945,Kr o(pouor Ayyor eixcw rou xepioer Mqxn rng ABnvog, uloypoernKs Urorn
<X>, eaxroro eeyxocroxooe ornv opyovroon,or pnxovropoi rng onoiog eyxovrovorr ro xporog peoro rov rcryporrrtvooEcreiogKr rns eovoguoxng. Evorepeuvnrg, ouoior pernoovrcrnoeor prr<o opxeio rng enoxng exeivng, xrpoxrnpizouv rnv opycrvtoonuXu cogoqtpropio Kor rng onoiouv noo on ro eyxnporo ergopog rc,lvtrAMuv. OutogypoEero Kprg louwxoug, crpxnyg perng rovrxng orpououxng onoorongornv Eoo rcrro rn ropxerorng Koroxns, uoponizerrn po.on rns <X> pe exeivn rnE Kou-Kouf,-Kov.,, Ef,oou,o Tzegpr Xop, errxgoneoropvt_rg rng ovpzrxngerpnpepiog <NrougKpvrx>, eypoqe rrcJs(n rooxoon rrou nporrUouoen UovclpxlKn opyovcoon "X" nrov or f,,uooppoi rr,tv "KoUlroDvrorov rng neproxng" -nou o pog "xo1rgouvrorng" eixe onoxrnoer vcr ef,,orpeuxo ro" oropevoueprexpevo>r. H euxn Tpogoxporio r<qrornv uepioo rng Eulrgovros rng Bcrpxrzog Kctl rov exoyrjv rou 1946eixe ouoreop, oup(povclpe ororxeio rou EAM, 1.289ooEovieg, evcit 6.681npotttuorpouporiornKov Kor KclroorpoenKv 677 ypoEeio rou EAM xcrr neprouoieg18.767 orpolv." H r<uepvnonuopoe- )
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ous 31 Mopriou 1946.H Aprorepcrev nnpe UpoS, ropopruppevnyro rn Aeuxn Tpopoxporio. H eHvof,ro xctenxe oug exoygU ro oDvcroilrop. pvn llopcnof,rg E8vrxorppvc'r'4 orov onoio onoze ro qiN Koppo xo.r ouppereixov peprxo oo prxprepo. xpporo. To Aoix Kppo upoEepe vo orov lpio 20 pegotn Boun, npoKsrpevou evroxBei oro oDvoorop. O lpiog qrcriverorncog u ev ovuo1rcrvrcrv n repoouo uvcrlrn nou orou nxrnoe n opycrvr,ron nrov onoreeopcr UloSopycrvopevns upoouoBerog rov Ayyl,r'rv xor rou qiNou Kpporog, or onoior ev nBeov vo qoivovror rpopoxporiog. Etor, unepexrrpvrog ug og <popeig pe rou uvorrnrg xornxe ourvopooug exoyeg ro xppo rov XucbvKor nnpe prEro 0,080%rov Enqlotv." O lpiqS, percrrnv noroyn qfiotuxicrroDoug tii pe r<oyg, oDyKpouornKe rov Too-Lopn,rov onoio i;i Oepnoe uueu8uvo.Eroroxon opyovoon rou opxtoe vo xnver rnv enrppon rng. llpoonoBnoe, rte, vct m perolrop<poer notrx xppo. llopo rov rooe lrptirog, 0 fetipyrog rouovuop rou ro 1946,oxipooe f,ovo vo rexrpoueurtig xrnKe u novoron 80.000oroFclrxBnxov norvrrou yivovror o.nerrxo xnoer ug exoyg,ro 1950.Ovpooero xppo rou x;rporog Aoixtirv xdlg p,oooro 1945.Or rf,,erg rov ypcrEeiooe n xorunoupyg orpororxeio,oro onoio eoxroroeeyxoooxooov Aypoux Kppo rov Xtv, crvorf,,e xo.r Irporrtonxtiv or nourxoi. cvti opropcvcs eopos evepyouoclvu- rnv Ecrcr npoooxouoo evo onlrovux norqg KUpepvnonqorepo on nporpoun opoorvXtv.'* K. ooor ou rnv ryntporou envrxoul,crou.KoronoTooAop11. O fpioS uoneerqr Ir4 ro vriornxe Kor )rn rn qopo xqr reuoe xppo. Ot qoroyporpio, pe rou 1950pioxouv rov lpio opxg rng exnericrg exoyeEeyrvctv ornv Or rprireg perouoeprr<g exovixrq evdg 6yo vo. eivor evcrsoloruxnpvog uonrxg pe noeg enerooiou Bouri orq qroof,ieg ovrxovouointeg. Exeivn oxprg rn ouylrn upoe n roroprKn euxorpio rou clozntii *i.:n**:q:**:{litiS{l tqft q:r'iit,*rry,*p$;rt* .*re,l ti.tr' til Knpou rooe: pro nproon crnrov opxreuior<ono #iri. r*,{:q l.'t}il i.i{:i{iiii,i,li: Moxpro I'yrcr vcrnynOei rou oneeu0epconxo *liy*l*ri}lr:,$i:;{iii:,. llliS!",: o,*!,{.p';:iir!r;,[1i::r,,;{ il *t:i11{::iii i::,ii'{tiii:i ycirvorng Knpou. #]1;.ii *iji{rir}y{}*{,
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xloe vo ou_ znreftor ornv ABnvcrorcr tn rou 1950perof, crxpoef,rveOvrxrorv, upnv oreexvrng <X> xor rougoeEoug Xdio xor Ealxpotn Aoizin, or onoior vepyouooveK Ue_ pousroDveoexeyevro otnv Knpo opxreuroxnou Moxnpiou f. O Xoogoizing zouoeornv ABn_ vcl KcuooKouoero encryye1ro rxnypou. Korcr rou rn ropxerorng Koroxng eixe roouveoers rous Lre feppovoug. O cre<pg Ecoxpcnng, rou peog rou EBvcrpxrxou Eupouiourng Kupou, nrov ef,pr_ orosornv ABnvcryro rnv ovcrlnf,nrou oro npogrn_ eroporou 1950. Xe ouvevvnonpe rov Mcrxapro,or oeEoloizin ipuoov ornv ABnvo rnv Ennoonn Aytjvo y to TnvKnpo. Orov o Mcrxoprogeuroxtp8nxe rnv A0nvo., ro Mnpuo rou 1951, eixe ouvovrnon oro f,evooxero <Meyctn Bpercvio> Ue rov Xoxporn oizin xor ouznrnoepozi rou ro Oeporng opyovoongoueeu_ Bepcouxou KrvnUoSornv Kupo.'nO Moxoprogrov ef,ouororno [pooeyyioer rov lepyro Erpo_ vo ro, uprinv unoupy Xrpouotuxov ornv xupvnon touKurvorclv rrvouTooopn. Xrporog,rou ruov upooiourxgrpiogrou crotrofet_rpyiourou B' qnoxBnxe vcr ." yiver peogtng Ennpoung Ayvo. Axo_ ,\oBoS, npooeyyizeror on roug oe_ 'il1r,,;:i' rpoug oizin, Ir rn ouyxornOeonrou le_ opyrouXrporou,o onorpctos ovnouvroyporopxng fepyrog lplcrg.,'H nprn ouvovrnon perof,u rov oeqrirv oizin Kol rou lpin eyrve ro Mro rou 1951oro zoxcrponcroreio Toircr. O lpiog evnpe_ pBnxe yro rn ouorclontng Emrporrns Kcn onoexBnr<e ouppercroxer oDrn.,o vo o' Me eronynon rou Xrpcnoueyrve peogrng Eur_ rpoung o onorpcuog xor ouvroyporcrpxng rolrecr rou ni.npogoprvrng <X> Hl,iog Aegnouog.O n_ ..-. Fntpros Bezovng, o ouoiog nrcrv npepos roD EBvrxrouNo Xuvopou, eronynOnxe cro uo oreexn rou, rov Hio TooroUorpo Kor rov npnrpn Emupnou.Lo.O leripyrog Xrporogpunoe eniong ro orev rou gio, rxnypo Awvn AuyiKo. O reeuroiog ouornoero orpornyNrx.l,oo flononouo (flonno), <pe voncrgoEvog e6vrxngf '
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0 mporqyq Nrxdoog l.lunonouog (l-lonnoq), *ps vonfg rog drpvog rqg vix4gKoT Tov optorepdv ovroprov", pndxe or4vEnlrpon{ Ayttvo
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Bouog rou lpio ornv opycrvoon<X>. O Bttng nou eeepe oe enoEn rov Mo.xopro p.e nrov er<eivog roS rov lpicr.'oO Mcrxoprog, lepoUevos,eene re pe oqrncrBero rnv ctvuKolrUoDvrouxn poon rou lpio. To 1946npooieuoeptrroro Kor lreprKoopOpcr oe upouoyovrouxo vtuno. rnE opYovoong excnoqreptov <X>. Xru xeipevo outcr o Mcrxctprog vovriov rov KoUpouvrorvcrn tn oxouto rou xprorlovropo.'' Eug 6 Iouviou 1951ouvovrnOnxov oro orirr rou o fecopyiouErporou,ornv A8nvo.,o Mor<oprog, lpiAoizing r<otouzrnnoov ro eog r<oro EcoNporng Etn ouvovrnon cxeivn onoqctoin1rcvon1rcrto. tnv ornne uog o lpiog euroNeE0ei Kupo Ylo Uro Ee rng r<cuooroong. evov oeui rnou euror<nnon 0pnvcr,oug 5 Iouiou1951,o lpioS, clQou xprg izcr crn rnv cryyrxn upeoeio, o.nef,oo<poroe neuoeou rov llerporo Ylo rnv Knpo, ouvoeupevog on rn ozuy rou Krrrn. Eug 10 Iouiou,opeoog percrrnv trErf,,n orn Aeuxooio, ouvovrnrou Bme ge rov Moxopro. Ern ouvcrvrnon exeivn o Moyrcr ug xoprogef,,eEpooe upreg em<puof,erg ug uovrctproilelrou." vorrnreg ref,,oyoyng '',.." o lpiog, t.roroo. oloiog npoypo,ppouze ..' t*e rn nproupyicr ovropurolv ouqov, eYxoa" u; tooto0nxe gc rn ouzuy rou oro opctv , Koorovoyttng. To zeuyogunoLi?ri, 3 xt'-rpr Tt*".,v- Beror rr xqve roxoneg oro ouv. O povoxrKous UoKprvoDS rlelpicrS fipctypclrorrorouoe eoEoug,sxovros prnoroug xot xcrveovoyvc'rpioerE rrqvrore Kutcrvou ug crvropuxeg olroeg.O lpioS euorperyeornv A8nvo ror opxroe vo Kcrroorpovel oro oxero yro nproupyio opyovc-rong flprurro rns <X>. Tov Iororou 1952 o Mo.xoprognnye f,ovo xupvnornv A8nvo yrct vo ntoerrnv e.Lnvrr<n tr0vn yro rnv Evcoon vo rrpoo(puyelorct Hviolrvcr on. Me rnv eurcnpio outn ouvnBe oug 2 Iourou xoro 0 Moxtiprog 1952,oro ouirt rou Anpnrpiou Bezovn, n Entpoun rou vinng rou xqto rov oprorepv ovroprv>, xottr rov rqv nopopovf eKrosorro rov Ern ooNeqtnrlnpov UpoS. Aycirvo. yroonoueg or4v Eoo Ao1zin.'o Kcu Mcrr<opro rov orxoeonrn, o ferilpyrog lpiqS, Ao{voefxee0oel o fpios opxnyg floo letirpyrogErptnog,o uuoorpornyogNrxo.og tfl0an ge o lpicrs nrnv crutguou rerrcr xprotnKe ctpxn- unnouog, ouvroyporopxng Aef,nouog, Kcl.o: o o oTt^txnrnq "" pe rou Mcrr<opiou. Bnynrng leporpog Kovrdpng, or oe.\qoi Aoizivos .ts opyovroong uE euoyieE tng Or o ovpegyvtrpizovrov crnrov r<orp KoAvrvrog Auyixog, o Hiog Toon, o rr<nypog oS roxng, rov o Mo.r<oprog qlo[rung oro llcrveut- roporpog nol o Anprnpng Ercrupuou),oS. lpioS O ornv exr<Anoio rng ornlrro A0nvv nrov rar<ovog rnv Eunpoun yro ro oxroroD, rcl oevnppcooe AyicrgErpnvng. O Mctxoprogeixe yvtlprorei rre pe noio upoLeuov routxpovn poon ovtopuKov otov ZoEeipn BIn, o onoiog nrov uourxg oqrpcrcov oroqOopg. Moxttpros efietppooe O Ncrr Yro po).roro, vo Operor, on pro Eopo eurtpuof,erg. niog oDrerlevnvto orolrcrev 8o t** {. & * *'srp: r*il{}r i*{ }{dr ijltr{! .{{} {*p i** #fi }# i *& "v; *"r;q:t, eine otov lpicr Me proxe ornv Knpo vo. rov crr<oou8noouv. rnv Ti't{ t{,*i ii$*}f}},f [idij]*'] *#"f*v{*'{:11{. *Krr ouoEn ourn rcrqrcitvnoov Erporogxcrr o lpiog, o T*it{lH*i{5{}\1 q*lJ f;}' sL#fi i/*lfi #fi i'tii}* l3t" &'v *;:}\'l'# or onoior nrcrv evBeppolDrloornprxregrng uvoprxng poong. Te.Lrxoev el'nE0n xolno onoEoon, ev Eer rov enoqrv nou Bo eixe o Moxopros Fe rnv
20
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envrxnxuepvnon, xorcrug ouoiegBo egere f,,o_ vo ro oirnpo yro erpnvrx oytjvo pe rlpooeuyn orn fevrxn Euveeuonrov Hvr,tpvc,tv E0vdrv.* O lloornpog upoeronorei Or enoEegrou Moxnpiou ncrppervcrv oAn yro Everxuxn rng ouvc4ricrg UtoeopcloKoprreg. nou otoBovrovn envrxn xuepvnon vo onOnoer tnv Knpo nrov n Beon uou rrnpe o upcoOunoupyg Nxoog floornpog oro oirnpo rou Moxcrpiou vo uuoornprxBei n Beon rng Knpou yro Evoon: ttAxouoe, Moxcrprrore.Eov epxoouvergrnv flru_ xnv Fou xqunv KcuUou zruouoegvcruoo vo noepnoorq rnv Kunpov, 0o ro exopvo euxcrpiouog, rueipor orporrrng.AcrepxeoorrSro ypo<pei_ ovrou npco8unoupyou Eoogvo IroDznrcrgvo rns KoUro Eao, xrrtpigvcr npuop vo c,t<penorrt rnv rnv Knpov. Kcr0noreornv noDxo>i.r.
0 Ae{ovpog H Emrponn ouvnOef,ovo ong 21 Iouiou 1952, noneyoq rv pe oto onin rou Eoo oizin. Xrn eurepnourn ou_ Avrvfv Mevrepeg vcvrnon o Mcrxoprog Fereeepsornv Eunponn Aydr orqvAyxupo ro vo rn roroxnxrnrcr rng envrxng r<upvnong 1g53(Apleio vo noper ouoronnore prerpcr. Eror, crnoqrooiornxs Meyooxovdllou) vq ouorcrOouv uo emrponegnou Ocrnpoeroipozcrv rnv evcrpf,nrou oyrovcr. pro emrponn 0o ooxo_ H ouvrov U rnv uourNn xor n on pe rn orpcttttr.rrrrn nruxn rou.Koro rn ropxero onouoiog) Lng
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27
O fpteA:
0 voop1og Ae[ovpoS Ioxeopiou. nposn60noe Uo(i perovfplpo vo rov neloouv yro Moxpro r4v onooroli dnorv m4vKnpo. pe Erxovi(erol peq rio rou orpororxeiou roug nou lxooe nonlxog yro op14yog ro Kfv4po 1935 rou
rou Mor<opiou, rov euupouv ourv 8cr nponpeueo fepyrog Xrporog.'u Eug 3 Oxropiou 1952o lpiqS exoveeureporof,,irornv Knpo xcrreixe oerpo euoqv pe rov McrKopro,Ue tov ouoio ouznrnoe tpnoug ref,oyoyng 1953 eueotpeqre rou oytivo. Xug 25 @epouctpiou ornv A8nvcr r<oropxroe vo ouyxevrpotverouLrolr rng nu ro cruoOeporo <X>, ro onoio <proe>,xoro rnv oKq)poonroD, orn veo opyovtlon.'uEg 10 Moptiou 1953, entorpeeovros qn rnv epo rov Hvolrevrov EBvv nou eixe ucreryro vo Boeryro on pro qopcrro oirnpo rng Knpouyro ouroroornv ABnvo. Beon, o Moxoprog ora8peuoe f,crvcr Eyrve ooxeryn rng Emrpoung oro ouiu rou lepctorpouKovrtrpn,uou8nxe o pxogyro rnv Evoon. Korq rn mpxero rng opKopooiog,o lpiog nctpYorepcl. rov onov KOrIov DneYpoqJt pe Exeivegug ppego Moxoprog eixe ouvcLvrnou Aoizin oro tolreprolto rov lpio Kol rov Xor<pcnn rou trporou ornv A0nvo. Ern ouvovrnon re8nxef,oO vq ro oxovBegznrryro mS Llopensrou oyr,tvo. unoornprf,eyro on pro popctrnv oroMoNcrprog oe rgn u n poon errprl rreproprorei oiotpSovo peg. O lpiog, UoS,eupeveorov ovroproue1ro. Ant1non yro poon tou Xug opxegIcrvouopiou 1954n Euupoun Ayvcr vo crnogooroe opxioer pcton.Me rnv orKovolllxn evioxuon rou Mcrxopiouopxroov or trporotUooieg yrcr rnv onooton expnxuxcov xar prxpoopr8pou uov otnv Knpo. Orov o Moxoprogouvovrn0nxe f,ovcr trrerov lpio. ornv A8nvq, ro Oerou 1954,o reeuroiogzrunoe rnv eYKpl0poucrpro on roD yrcr v quooroei ornv Kunpo o nprog oO ntclv Kol nor roror<uxg. nrop.g. Mcrxcrprog O rov Moxopro Ue ro vctuctpxo lpioS enroregOnr<e Ae[ovpo EoxeMopiou xcrr npoonoOnoevo rov nei.oer.O Mcrxoprogrerxtr xopq8nxe xor xoeoe ornv A0nvq ro ouvepyorn rou Avpeo Azivo ylo vo ouvepyooreip0 rov lpio yro rnv onoorononr-
'T*w
!T i Sii,# *mwmwxx$xc* qx***s{'ff*{}'{*ffi* {vi}r}n'} e'. &Sq,+'ll "'r 8"r i{**pr'. il'e Spm*xn {ffiv "r# i$'q# N*;*ry**w* {:i*ri{t S Sxwx****{cq*q,
22
Iro xewpo: Moxfprog Ilondyog or4v A0rivo, Ymepo on noog loroypoq, q e4vrxri xupdpv4o4 onoqoof(er vo npoogyer orov ylo OHE ro Kunploxd, ro (Aplefo 1954 Meyooxovripou)
Iarxpdr4q Aoi(i4q. Exove ro 1950 enoqeg peme6y4 r4q (xDevspY6w0q expepoug rou veoexeyevrog op;lrenroxdnou Moxoplou l-'
olro."Xro ororoexeivoevepyonorn8nxe on pro opooon npdlnv oreexn rng <X>. Hrov or oerpoiMxang xor Kravoro.wivog EuoroBnouog, or onoioreixcrvrnv euBuvn yro rnv reooyrxnxo_ Bonynonrng <X>. Hrcrvor ovBpc,rnor eixcrvenou rIoEeS ug uunpeoieErov Ayyrov xor ef,rov Ue ro rpouoyovrouxcrvtuuo tng opyovotong. crOr ornrov o Zogeipng Bong,uourxgoupouog roulpio orn <X>, o lepyrog lozoueog, euiong ornpouupnvrxgXirng, xo8cbg xor o ouvepyorng rouKoopog Moorpox.l,rog. H olroo ourn ovAoe tnv euBuvn yrq rnv onooron rou ontouou otnv Knpo.
BIBAIOfPAOIA 1.Hagen Fleisher, H E^âa out exactia rc jg4Tjg1\, a. 92 2. Xounovoorooiou A.t., O ouwal7tardpxng fspy1og Tpiag Atyevig xat n 1pu^t&n EOKA, a.2SO 3.Or- n.. o. 251 4.OrI.r., o. 250 5.Or. n., o. 230 6.Lars Baerentzen xoi David H. Close. O Envtxc Eptptog IIAepoe, 6. t26 ?.W. Bford Jones, Grivas and the story of EOILA, p. 30 B. Heinz Richter, H tnepaan rav Ayy,trav omv Ea&t, a.1BI 9. On. n., a.452 10.Or. n., o. 1Bl 11. C.M. Woodhouse, To Mno mg Epjog, a. 57 12. Xgnxog . Ocvoong, Ot Ayyot Epyauxoi xat o EprputogIIAepog omv E^âe, a.147 13. David H. Close, O Envrcg Ep(pu^tog llêpog, a.2OB 74. Ofi. il., a.222 15-Xqnxog . Oovoong,Ot Ayyot Epyauxoi xat o Eprputog Ilepog omv Eaa, o. LBI 16. oizing XcrSag, Atuxn Kunpog, a.97 17. Ioropun Eyxuxonai1eta rng Knpou, rp. 10oS,o. 869_4 18.Or. II., o. 365 19. ôizing Xoog,Aruxn Knpog, a.99 20. Foley Charles and Scobie W.I., The Stragg)e for Cwrus, a.7 21. Or. n., o. 8 22. Ili3og-ryevng fepyrog, Anoptmpovepara Ayvog EOI{A 1955-1959, t6 a. 23. Or. n., o. 19 24. MopKoKnS Avpvrxog, O Aoupiaorog, 6. gz 25. Foley Charles and Scobie W.I., The StraggJefor Cyprus, o. 15-16 26. OII. r., o. 20 27. lpiog-Aryevng fepyrog, Anopvnpovepara Ayvog EOKA 1955-1959, a.23 I
23
Ilpo:one
Aef,ovpog
flonoyog
(1583-1e55)
:,TporrortKq xor noAmrxdg, npr,reunoupyq rnq E^ 6oq cro rorngo 1952.1955. fewfenKa ornv Aeftvo, Fvoq orporrrorlxriq olroy6velog, onodoe orn Erporrrorrxft fxori ttov Bpuqcdrv. nnpe ppoq oroug BoKovrKoS llo6gougn oro enlreAeio rou Krovorovrivou tq i^qpxoq. royyeeg xor roxpionxe onq g6xeq rou Mnr(oviou. Eixe gilooorfuxft ronog6rnon r(or ro 1917 efirxrnre on ro srpdr Kor eKToniornxe. Enorle np(nroyrrrvronx6 p6o ornv rqrqoroAft rou evr(rxo xrviporoq ro 1935 |(or ornv norv6pe(,)on rou fe(|rpyiou B', evd, yrvE xor unoupyg rov Erponronxrirv ouq Kuepvhorq Kovn Kar Aeppr(ri ro 1935. Apxrorpornvoq rrv elnvrxrirv evnAov uvouerv ror rov e^^nvoiTofu|( n eHo rou'4o, qwrr6xonxe orous xerp|o$og rou TooAxoyou Kor onq opx6g Kqroxhq, ro 1943 ouveri(Pon on roug fepudvoS xol KÊisrnKe oe crpor6neo ouyK6wpronq crn fcppovio. H xu6pvnon Eoeo^n rov ronooernoe apxny Kdr Tnv npioo rou Euguiou. Anpropynoe ro x6ppo rou EnuKo luvoyepyo Kdr vrv npoounoupYdq ro 1952. O nonyoc, nroreowoq oe pro exon rnrFdrrKn Fxn, dvqKivno To (nrnFo rnq Evronq rnq Knpou pe rnv Elo, oe Fiq ncpioo p6Mov uopevti, e<poov n oron rou Ayyou nptoounoupyo lvrsv 6Tov evredrq opvnrrKri. To 1954 fiora{rngi(eror orov OHE n envrxri npoo<puyfr, vd, Tov loro Tou 1955, orn r6oKcqrn rou Aovivou, n xupvnon Ilonyou, l rou unoupyo rov El,rrrreprxrirv:TEgov6nouou, 6xerol Vrtr npdrrn <pop rnv egnorh Tnq ToupKiqq srrq ronpqyFdreoerq. Hrqv n onopxn rnq refuKhs ouvnpftq g6onq rou KuEproKo. O llondyoq n60qve rov OKTdrpro rou irou 6roug,
ApxreuioKorrog Maxprogo f
(1e13-1977)
O Eovdpxnq rou KunproKo E^ nvloFo. fwn0nxa ornv Avto novqvr rnq ll6rPou. tDoirnoe oro Jlovxnprov l-upvaolov ror ropiornKe reuouvTftq rng eMnvlxfig oxo^nq KKKou. lnoooc nionq Osooyiq ornv Aohvo xord ro l6orn;ro 1938-42 xqr Kolvtovlooyiq rnq OpnoKios orn Boorvn. To 1948 eq,c6yn Fnrponoirnq Krriou Kqr ro 195O opxrenioxonoq Knpou. O MoKproC sivql oolpq^drq o xopugoioq exnp6oonoq rnq KunproxfrS EKK^noioq, n onoio |(or Tov 20 ordrvd nyrionre rou evonxo oytitvo r(,)v Kunpiov, ovqerKvovTdq onpowrroq oy(,)vror6q rep6pxeq, onoq o Kpr^ oq l-', o Nrr6npoq Muovdq' o onoiog n60ove e{6prorog oro lepooAupo Kor o enionq eni l5riq eqproroq KoI per6nErrd dpxrenioKonoq MdK6proq B'. :rrq dpx6s tng exoeriog rou n5Oo MoK6proq oo npoder ro 06po rou ngogngioporoq Kor Oq ovol(IvnoEI EK v6ou ro evrrrK (hrngc, ro onoio nn on ro 1915 proxbrov un ronpoyp6reuon He rnv Ayyio. O Moxoprog, nyoUevos rou oyrivo rov Kunpitv, 0o e{oprorei on rouq Ayvouq orrq treixAeq ro M6prIo rou 1956 rdl ;rerd rnv enrorpogn rou eq cxri, un Tnv nieon rnq envrxnq Ku6pvnonq |(ol Tnq Auiq, rn oupe(,)vid rnq zupixns To Oepoupro rou 1959, nop6Felve npoepoq rng Kunptoxnq AnuoKporioq p6xpr ro evor rou ro 1977, ye eloipeon ro pqxro npdqtKonnFo rou ZoF(;)v rov loAro rou 1974.
Aef,avpoS Kpou
(1901-1969)
Arnrrrprnq, xunproxhg xoroyoytiq. lnoooc NoFrx xor on ro 1923 olroôeno rnopouxfr Koplpo. ArerÊoe np6levog ornv Kotvorowrvonon xor unnp6rnoe enionq o no^ 6q eupurnoixq npeoeieq. Og E^nvoq npofevog ornv Knpo o A qovpoq Kpou ropolrorloe nprrovrvrorrK pAo ornv toropio rou evonxo {nrftporoq, Hpoe oe pfrqn Fe rov AWô oppoorn Pvovr lropq xor rn dptero rrv Vevovor(,,v rou 1931' 6rdv perd rrq Hey6^S ouyxevrpdroIq orn A6pvol(o xor rn Aepeo |(ol lnv nopoirnon Torv E^ 6v(,)v oueurdrv, o:Topq (frrnoe on6 Tnv oyyrxn Ku6pvnon rnv onog6xpuvon rou Kpour (|)q uneeuvou rov ropoxrv. Aurn nrqv fiot n npdtrn onuovTr|(ri (ivnon rrv Kunpirav yro rn rexixnon rnS Ev(l,ons Fe rnv Ecr n onoio ouv6onKe lre rnv oIl(ovoUIKn Kpion rou 193O r(|r rnv dpvnon rrv Kunpiov vo Exoov rnv quqnu6vn gopoôyio rtv Bperdvdrv. O Kpou ovqKtienxc on rnv e^nvrKh xu6pvnon Kor evenqxn EK v6ou Fe ro KunproK6 (qnp6onq rnq E^ qC orov OHE Kor Tnv rpiolun exderio rou 1950.
24
Pvavr 2jrops
Ayyog orportonrq xor tnorFTnq, xuBepvnrnq rns Knpou ro16 rlq KpiorFeq exoerieg t92O.3O. nop, rl grEêerpoq l(ol (Pr^ ^nv opxrKdrq, o Lropq ow6poo ornv 6xnn o S rrq eKn^drstq rns (&rnq r(,)v Kunpirv rOeon yro Evoon pe rnv EMdo. llpocnd0nce pe gopooylr6g elo<ppvoerg vo xet rn ou;rn60elo rurv Kunpiov, oMd 6rov ro l92B onorpdoroe vo lopyovriroel ytoprq ylq rn ou;rnripoon 50 xpvov oyYtur(ftq (droxnq, n dvripoon rr,rv Kunpirrrv unriple 6wovn. H Fey^n dvordpoxli fin^drenKe ro Mprro rou 193O, 6rov pe rnv euxolpio rns eevrKris enereiou ol KIrprot opydvroov ouAonrliplo xol npoqngioporq un6p rnq Evronq. O :ropq ovrpdoe vrovq, nnpe vogooerlxd F6rpd vovIiov rou eAnvlKo xqpoKTnpo ornn aKnoieuon Kot (liTnoe rourxpovo rnv onopoxpuvon rou Envo npo46vou AAln Kpou. Mer ro oryornp yeyov6ro .l-ou Oxrotpiou rou 1931 o:ropq (*rnoe rnv enFoon rou perovrro orporo, e{ploe rouq Fnrponoires Ktriou Nlxnpo nol Kupnveids Mofipro Kot dnoFKpuv rov Kpou, evdr t6Auos xol ro Kolvooto. O :rops ouvteoe ror ro 6vop rou pe rnv npdrrn pey6n ovo(ornporon rou evrrrKo dYdrvo r(|)v KunpiIr.
lepyrog fpiog (AryevnS)

(1898-1974)
IrporrrrtKq xor no^lrl169, ycwnU6voq oro Tpixotrro Knpou. Inoooe orn Ixoi Eueniry Kut ono(DoiTnoe ro 1919 Fc ro qeu rou qvounoôxoyo. Eqe U6poq orn Mlxpoolorrxf Exorporeio xol orov n6GFo rou ,4O. Tov lovto rou lg4l ipuce orn oollrri opyovr,lon *X,,, norrernxs xopiq enlruxid orlg exAoyq Tou'46 xot rou ,5Oxqr ro igsl npoe oE enq(pn Fr rov MdKpto. To No6pplo rou 1954 nolornxe xpug6 ornv Knpo, ovoopdvovrog rnv opxnyio rou eOvrfiooneuOepr.rrrxo oydrvo rrv Kunpiov, enrreeo^nq Tnq EOKA, FE To qJeudrvuFoAtyevnq. nergpxnoe Fa rlq ono<pdoerg rnq Zup;xnq l<or tou ôvivou ro 1959, qv xot to(Povnoe Kol enorpe{rc ornv Aonvo, nou ylve exrq ge peyd^sq upq oq tiptooq Kol ovqKnpxon|(8 "6ttos rns ndrpioqD. To 1964 n(rvhAoc ornv Knpo, ovoop6vowoq rnv Avrrcrn Irporlorlxli Aloixnon. Avox^ftonxe ro 1967 Kdt ouyxpoornxe ;re rov Mox6plo, Tov onoio xornypnoe ylo ou;rn6peuon pe rous r(oFFouvtorq. To 197i ipuoe FUOT|I(Crn Ouvrrl;ronxfi opyatvron EOKA B', oe ouvepyooio Fe rn xovro rrv A0nvriv, opyovtirvowroq Kupirq npdqetq oro(Poopoq, n60ove orrq 2? lovoudpiou 1974 se KpnoeVero rng Aepeoo,
Kcovorowivog Kopopovng
(1907-1998)
ll norrtt<n orqlopopid rou Kopopdvft eivor orevd ouyeeF6vn Fe rnv loropid Tou KunptoKo, AvoôFodvotrros Tnv nptlr0unoupyio ro 1955 o KopopovAng xlnpovFnoe on6 rov llonyo rnv qvoKivnon rou |(unptarl(o (nrliForoq, Tnv 6nli04n rnq ourot60eonq xdt rnq Evronq, o Htq flapioo xo06ou euvoiKn yro ro eAnvlx6 outrte6povro, Ko0d,q enrKeipahq rnq oyylxriq lnkoporiog rirov o lwEv, norrrxq pe oogdlq cvoc^ nuxq ronoeernorq Kql vTedrq opvnrrxg oe KOe npoonaoelo nproupyioq evorrlxo xiporoq ;rerol Knpou Kol E^ 6qq. EnrnEov o Kopdilovîrq eixe vo ovrr;reronioer rnv Epnôxri rnq Toupxiog oro Kunplcx, n onoid FrS ixE npqvForonolnoei eni unoupyioq lre(povnouôu, xornrv enr6qrrv ln^(|)FqrtKdrv xelproprirv rnq qwrKiiq tnrFqrioS. Yn' our6q rtq ouvohxeg rd npredrplo elyHdrv rou Kopoprovn lirov plxpd xor n un60eon rnq Ev@onq (potvorov frn xou6vn. Ol ouF(PoJvicq rnq Zupixnq Kol rou ôvivou dndrq Entcoiooov outnv rnv nopeio rou Kunploxo Kot 60codv oprortr(o rppo ornv npoonrtKn rnq EvoJcnq, qvoKnpooovros Tnv Knpo ove{prnro Kp6ToS, un6 rnv evynon rns Eoq, rnq ToupKioq Kor rnq Ayyloq.
25
ffil.
.4'',1'
,'q ;
;" I
To IIAPA'KHNIo
0 AyVoq xupepvfrqg oro Aovivo Bcrnpuer vcr zrunooupe rn ouvcxton rqg Knpou T(ov rnE oyyrrng roixnong oro vnoi r<orrogtr nXpvnvyx Beevo poE er ornv crrorpoen pog. r4v nepioo r4g ev 8o f,exootrruor ro ),yro uou pou eine o A. peyf4q Mrtxt Mneppnpoyou xo8rilg geyo1reqr rn ovoropoldq <frori 8o uouvuvrnon UoSUe rov npro8unoupy: (1956-58) uoornpif,ouperoug Ayyous;fro ug orxieg nou
Kovqv roo.xpovro orougToupxoxuupioug;>. pog x8nxe o upepogTzel, Xtrg 15.9.1954 Mnayrop. Eln ouvovtnon ourn. nou cylvc ora ovoKropo rou Nropo-puoxroe, nrov rropu)vKcrro rJroupyg lloreiog Tzed lopwrlnzi. frcr pron po nepinou prnoolre yro ro Kunprox. O Tzeo. Mnoyrcrpeiue ro ef,ng: <Zntnote rnv ncrpctpovnrr,tv Ayyov oro vnoi. Xmpif,,reroug Ayyougorg 8o noouv!> llopono, npo8eoe u n Toupxio Bo pog ornpif,,erou xo8e crrovn Kor UoSeooe ro.gopeg
DIIOOXOOtIS.
Euvolrrieg oro Aovivo An rnv Ayxupo nnyolre oro ovivo. Eug 17.9.7954 opxioope enoEgUe rov uuoupy llpoe-
i{ffi &wevffivM*wxmp*qr ffiffffi##* r;mm; ffi&pm x* {pq#v#ffiffi, #ffiffi* * &pmplwre *x*ffixffiffi{fuwffi: l,::,r *x* m {rrq*wm pm*px ryawxa* sxv w*
piog oppro yro onorxror<o Bporo Xvpr XnKrvoov (Henry Hopkinson). Eug ouvoprLieg nou r<pornoov ou ug 11.00pxpr ug 12.00,rovioope u eipcroreevovuo ornv Evoon xor u eipoore euxoprornpevol on rnv oyyrxn roir<nonoro vnoi. Kur zrunoctUe ouvxron rng oyyrxng xupropxiog! rn O r<. Xur<rvoov, evroxovrog rnv nponyoupevn nLc.lonroDnpos ro Korvooro n Kupogev (u 0q onoxrouoe uor rnv ovef,o.prnoio mg) pog roHnpdr4 eoiooe u ev Bo npoyporonorn8ein Evoon xor torir,ro4 tr Toupxoxunpiorv n oyyrr<nxupro.pxiooro vnoi 8o.ouvexrotei. evovriov r4g Exrg ouro o x. Xnxrvoov vrooe xot tnv ovoEvtrro4g yKn v0.pos pr'ttnoer eov ocroeopevo nolre orn Nq r4g pe Knpou r4v Ypxn, nEo, oulrqotvo pe rn yvtirpn rou, exei Bo EAo vo on' ,u oro Unopouoolre nerxoulreueproorepo Aovivo... Booer rng ouqroongrrou [npclpe ornv Kupo, 8o rnyoivolre pvo ornv Ayr<upo Kol ro Aovivo. A),o. ueno ou qurn rnv nprcron einope u Bo pnopooo1revcr uolre Kol orn Neo Ypxn. Xro perof,,ryorerpovor ppegpexpr rnv vopf,,n rng ouvepioongrou OHE xor upene vo ef,opro cirpo. oqro.rorei crpxurepon oero eroouorn No Ypxn. Znrnoope ornv rn onOero rov Ayyi.orv yr' ouro ro 8poro.
Xtnv 6po rrrrv HvropvcovE8vv Lrtg 24.9.1954 ovrrrrpoooneio pog Erooe orn n Nn Yprn. Exei pog uopo.e xouorogrng oyyrKnS ovu[pooorneiog xor nnyolre oro f,,evooxeio Commodore. Mero, nqr un rnv xoSonynon rou irou orpou, unyope oro xripro uou ouveprozouv ro pe-.n OHE. Tnv nppo.exeivn ropyovtiroope rou pro. roor<eqnTunou orov OHE. Ef,nynoolre u o roupxor<unprcrxg og eivor evnvuu ornv <Evroon> xor npooo1rcrrg onrycrgrnE LoupxrxnsKolvng yvpng. Tn rooxeEn uo.poxoouBnoov uepinou 50 npooroypoEor, or exn ex rcov onoir,tv nrov trnveg.Me uun npner vo not u ev uunpxe oDLe evos Toupxognpooroypotpos. ouypn Uorn roro.nou ncrpcrpror<rov oxpcrxo.r o exnporonog rov El,nvor<uupiov Znvclvog Prrlooing! pcrg,rxnyoO exnporouos rns ovrupooconeioE pog Axlrr Zoip, onnvrnoe pe entuxio orov Kcrrolyrop eprrnnoeovrov trnvov npooroypogr,tv.H nopo"xororeptnon evg Envo npooroyporpou ncrpouorozer opxer evrogpov: <Eoeig eqv nooorcrvn ueroqrnqioev 0o Bcne Evoon;> rnv Kor r<onorog ol,og roxupiornr<en ornv Knpo ev unopxer pro oupnoyng roupxrxn pozo nou vo
28
Eoq,epeigev 0o ro riooulre! Exoqre noepm oroxor Unopoupevcrurrepoo[roroUero vnoi!). Erug27.9.1954 enroxe<pBnxope ovrrupoor,rueio oS ro pvr1rocrvunpor,tnorng Toupr<iogorov OHE Eeip Xopnp. Arl ug opriegrou r<.Xopnporov OHE evro8eg u npoonoBooenolu yro vo Drrepoorioer ro roupr<rxo rxorporo! ru ro uepr0pro yro vcr evnpepcoBei oxerlKo pe ro <Kunprox znrnpo) Kclr vo poornpronorn8ei, nruv nou orevo... Avo.peooorq oo pog eiue xnr ro u ug upreg rnpoEopieg yro rnv Knpo ug nnpe nu ug eEnpepieg rroDrou eixe rioer o onyg tou Oolrov. (Aurn rou rn gpoon nor ev 0o rnv f,exoor,t!). H o1nio rou Ee),ip Xopnp orn fevrxn Euveeuon eixe ennpeooerrous crvulpoououg roEpov xpotrilv. Or ovuupoofror rrou ouvovrnoolre rnv on ppo ev ioroocrvvo exgpooouv ovorxro rnv o.uoqrn roug.O opxnyg rng ouproKnsovrrnpooorucicrg,r<. Aoio, ev er<purye er<tnf,n rou: (O K. rnv Eei1rEopnep otn xOeorvn rou o1nio eine u n Toupxio 0eerrnv Knpo... Aur pe e[,u],n[,elKr epeigeipoorexovrcrornv Knpo... Tn Boupe exr
0 T(ov Xopvrrvyx evo;lprivo nprv nferor4v Knpo, drov tipo(e roug Mtiou Mtiou or4v Arpprxri
K,&ffiy*e*awx &*szaw 4l&&wffip*Kffi*ffi$ S**#*#Nffi wffi xffiwm#s" ffiw,**g*w ra*ffiw,61,l'"g{.,* {yK#ffi# wffixwffiffiw*wpxw* # #ffi#pffi{ffi#rr#{i$Jff}) ft
n to
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o
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rg
IU
Urtopeivcr xopoKrnprorei xorvrnro., unoornprf,,eeniong u ev ovuupoocoueoupe xopio xorvrnro Kr LroS xo.po.rrnproe <unpotprevn og ovunpoooneiu) rov Ayycov. Ot yetroiegoutg xornyopiegunpov ug xorcrtrnLegouovrnoerg.Tnv o).n ppcrn ovunpoooneio orn levrxn Xuveuon OHE rou ltoguopop8nKe xor nopoxoo8noe on xovro ug o1uieg rctv Ayyou,Envq xor Toupxou opxnyv ovunpoool]erov...
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ocrv rrs Ktvnoels rou Kot nrov evnlrepot ou rnv nporn ouypn u eixe qnoroorei ornv Knpo. Tnv unpoEopio ourn tnv cooe ooruvoluxg o Iloog Etxxog orov Moxopro Kor rnv erreo.i_ ooe o irog o lpiog, o onoiog rn npooieuoe oro <Xpovrxv Ayrivog EOKA>: <Ten Egrvonpou 1954,erpyozpnv ergro Apxnyeiov rng Aoruvopiog "Eneoro Mnpovrg,, re eupoef,opiov eyr<uxrov ouUqovos rn onoio, .'o Xuvroyporcrpxng lepyrog lpioS eupior<etooBpoir,tgerg Knpov, xpuurpe_ vos Korcr nooov nrOovrruo erg Movoornprov pe oKorrovvcl opyctvoononeeu8epr,nrxv Kivnpo',>., Mol,ov clcr(peperororo povoornpr rou Moo lloro._ po oro Xqirro.,ro onoio ornv uprn qroonrou oyto_ vo etoupyooe oS cpxnyeio rng opyovotong. Eniong, tov Iovoucrprorou 1955 or Ayylor eixov europepn nnpoEpnon yro rnv ouooron ornv Knpo ou rnv Eoo evgEopriou uupolroxrxcilv
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pe ro xoir<r <Ayrog fepyrog>. Kqr ro pou rng 25ng Iovouopiou, ev ovtpeg rng EOKA ooxoovrov Ue rnv exgprioon rov nupoUoxrr<civ,ouven_ E8noov eu' ouroEproon AyyougcloruvoUlKous. Eweo. otolro eixov ounE8ei, perof,u rotv ouoir,tv xor o Xogoizing, o onoiog ornv noroBeon rou uopoxrnr<e nqvro., ro Mero ro enerorope ro <Ayrog lepyrog> o lpi_ og unye ornv KqKonerpn yrq youg ooEoerog. Xug 31 Iovouo.piou195bo Mor<oprog xqeoe orn rov euxooio yro vcl ouzntnoouv tnv rotooroon, urog qurn eixe rolropgro8eipero rnv ovor<ouryn rro_ rou eprxo urxou oro <Ayrogfepyrog>. H ouvovrnon Moxopiou xol lpio yrve oro Metxr tou Kxxou. Avogeppevogoug ovupooers rov Ayyolv pero to yeyovro rou <Ayrogfecbpyrog>, lpiog yporperoro o ouopvnUoveuporqrou: (EurDxg, or Apxoi ev nu_ vnOnoov n ev euexeipnovvcrrepeuvnoouvooopcbgro znrnpo Kor vo ef,,oxprdoouvnoior or npoy_ porrxoi uuoxrvnroi rng r<rvnoecog Kupo>.4 ev Or Ayyor, rooroo,yvprzov no} xoo u yrvrcrv ornv Knpo, oo yro rxog roug yougev Oenoov uo.p1rouv. vo Au ex8oerguou eroipoocrvol Drrnpeoiegrc,rvAyyr,tv pero rnv vopf,n rou cryovcr, [poKurrrer n eixov u],npogopieg on ro 1950,rov o.pxroe poornpronoreirqr Eunpoun vo n Ayvo. lvprzov yro uS euroreryergnou xove o lpiqS yro ovoyvrilpron rou eoEoug,rnv enioxeurn
rou Bcr).nornv Knpo ro 1954,ro po rng E0vopxros Kor npooromxo tou Mo.xopiou.' Or Ayyor eixov roeg nogunpoEopiegyro ro reKrorvopevoornv Kupo, nou Oqpnopooov vo rooouvro nivnpo rrprv Kov exn],oOei.Oorti<.r, ev oEnoov vo roEovei noo ooopo xerpizovrov rnv uu8eon qurn. H ono.Serq uou enerf,ov ev puopei vo nrov crnoreoporng elerEng nnpoEoprv n rou u ev unpov oro.oooprc u ouvqrveornv Knpo. Avu0rog,n oroon rouguprernv upOeonuou eixov vo Unv xorooreiouv,rouo.xrorov orrypn exeivn, rn ro Kivnpo. H ovoxn nrov rroro, riore upoxotreoernv exrnf,,n ox1rn r<orf,vr,tvepeuvnrv nou ooxon8nr<ovpe rnv EOKA. <Eivqt exn).nxur< ro yeyovg u or perovrrg opxegotnv Knpo yvcitprzovopr<ero yro ro u ouveorve,otro exovov eoxroro yro vo cvuUerorloouv tnv rorooroon Kor o lpiog puopooe, yro rouloxrorov ef,r pnveg pero rn .\oBpoio crErf,,n rou, vo rof,,reerqvorxro oro vnoi, opovovrog pvo ecrxrorcr prpo.ouroupoorooiog>u, emonpoiver o Ntrr Mnxep, o onoiog yporyern perqvrxn eroxn yro rov oyvo rng EOKA. Or Ayyl,or xr pvo yvrilprzov ou rnv nprn otrypn u o lpiog auoroornxe cr8poioornv Knpo, oo nopoxo),ouSouoov ouypn npos ortyUn uS Krvnoels rou, o(pouunnpxe ov8pcuuog rng IvrnzevgXeprg orev rou neproov! ouoro H
32
ognrov outgnou rov onynoe pe ro ouror<ivnrrou ornv Koxonerpro. O lpiog rou epuroreOme po.Lroro ro nlrepolyr rou ror eyyporporng EOKA, rcr oroio rornf,qv re}rr<o oro xpro torv Ayyr,tv.' Orqv o lpiqS ynxe oro ouv, o llouououog xpnorpolorouvrov yro uo onpovuxg onoorog qu ro KctroDUpererxe UeroKrvnoers orrs opropevciv uqrnoBpcrorexn rng opyovoong. Avolreoo o' crurous nrov xor'or oerpg Oupovio xqr AoMo Koxxivou, or ouoieg eixov npoootnrxn enoEn pe rov lpio r<mepyootnxov r<upirrtg percrEoporng orn ol,noypoEiog. Tov Iouvro rou 1956or Ayylor exovqv o tpopg peuveg onirr roug,ovoznrttvrog oro onrop ror yyporpo rng EOKA, xcopigvo pouv ounnore. Tnv rpirn qopo Eepovpozi roug xo.norov ovrpo pe xouxoo. Me ug uuoeif,,erg oyvctro orou xouxouogpou or Ayytror ovor<cruqrov rnv KpDrIrn nou eixov oro onirr roug, nnv pog nrov
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peoyovlureg r4q E0KA 6poq mo Tpoog. H goroypogfo efle nepn0er m4v xoro;1f rarv Ayytov ro ond np6ro rqg 1pvro EOKA
ffia&yryffi* {3ffiWffie{,.ffiF'*#ff####w $qKtv$:#ffiaq w*z*{pxffim,ffiW#w &m* *m* c*#q {w*pvffiys{ 'y.ffi y** t*yrw lwr.{*ffi*q#wq ffie*pffixq
yrovrouxn qurn nruxn rou oyvcrrng EOKA, ov xor eivor oe noogyvoorn, neprepyotg ev xoro.ypoErnxenouBevo.
xevn. H pntepo rov oel,Ev Koxxivou, pro uvoprxn yuvoixcr,euu0nxe crorpouroio xoro rou xcrtqrn xor rou crEoipeoernv xouxoo. Hrov o flcroxong llqnonoulog! Apoog pero or Ayyor rov ov0pionogourg mov o floox-Lng flonqEuyoeuoovornv Ayyio nou nopperveouroef,nouog.ypolrporogrng ouvrexvicrg or- prorospexpr ro Oovcu yprooro.1980.n rou xopr,rv rng EtrK, o onoiog uunpf,,e on XcrtpigefrrlSev ro.},n goptupio roDSnprous ouvepyoregrou lpio. Ero Av ovorpef,er r<oveigoro rotoprx rov ov8pciur.tv rog Iovouo.piourou 1955 o llqronounou erxov oulrlreroxnroro rnv uponopooKcuooLrxn og evorxiooeoutr oro ppo euxooiog-Kepuver- nepioo rng EOKA 8o ronrorriloer eivcrroruu oS,yro vcr xpnorlronornOei rogo.pxnyeio rou lpio. pe uurou ncpe8vrog, orevgoxeoerg xor rqouvTo ouirr ovnxe oe Toupr<orupro ro.r o' crurrorope oerg ug oyyrxeguunpeoieg,upov rrov opic,tv oKeuoornKe npro Kpno(puysrorou lpio. Me ro rng ouvepyooiogperof,u oulrpoxc'tvxqro rn rcrpxero xpnUorcr opyovoong o llouououog oypooe rou no1rou. rng eniongouror<ivruo,ro ouoio xpnorlrolorooe ylcl rrg O luilpyrog Xrptog, o ouoiog rereeoe utoupyg perorrvhoerg crpxnyou EOKA. Ognpooomrou rng Etporrcouxvornv xupvnon Krovorowivou Toox rou oveopo o lpioS eleLef,e ro poLoyo cpn, oe pro euoxn nou o upongmg Ayy}iog ornv AvpeoAozpou, upooonrr< Eio rou flqoxLn A8nvo erreooexpen xuepvnrn, ev eixe xovvo Ilqnqnouou. Aozopou eixe epyooTnploerrO xivnrpo vo. opyovcitoer xivnpo ornv Knpo. Awr0epooyrv orn Aeuxooio, ro onoio xpntop8coong r<og, enionpn nonrxn rou Aoixo Kpporog nrnv n o4rouornBnxe rvrpo roxivnong rng crno- vcr og rrpoororeDOouv xpn oEBopouor oxoergrng org ypo(plg opyovcoong.' rng Eocrg rnv A1ryio. Everr<urn rng no}nrxng Ue Onorgo.noxolg0nxe opyrepcr,nrqv Kor or uo ourng eivor n otcron uou rnpnoe o lepyrog Xrporog pyovo Ayyov. O pev ozopou exteornr<e tr'rv cr- oro XulroroApxnyv rov xorvooueutrxrilv r<opft rnv EOKA pe rnv r<ornyopiorou nporn. O llcLUoroy to onoio ouyxn0nxe otrg 21 Mo.iou 1951un oxoLngllononouog nrov pxpr ro poo rou 1955 rnv npoepio.rou npo8unoupyou loEoxM Bevzonyg lpi.Bo. Eug 5 Iouiou 1955o lpiog onorou .Lou,pe oxon vo eyr<piver ueprex1revo ro ro3npovo Eooroe yer oro ouv. O lkroxong llonorrouros rng Eoogrrpos rnv AW],io, oxeuxo pe ro cri )
33
YnonrH *MATIA'
rnpo yro ouromOeon Knpou. Me ro mnpo rng our n Eloo e8ere ro oirnpo yro Evoon, pe ovrcroypcrperovrxg ooerg ornv Knpo Kcu rnv Eoo.Ernv nepinroon rrou n Ayyio ev nrqv oe Beonvcroer ooEn crnovrnon,n trouBo ruov lxovouornlrvn pe prcruuoxeon u Ooouznrooero Bpocruroro ovrolro peov.'o Tn Beon ourn uroBernoovpe enouorerg eurEucrf,erg q ro xpporo. O feritpyrog Xrporog, enilpooolrrdvrog rov Tooopn, <<errornoe rrpornv ooxnv rou Eupouiou tng xpro4rrnrog eni rcov re_ Ovv ouv0nxdtg rr,tv oLr,tv onpovuxv rng EAnog ounparr,tv r<orn rou nepi eroourns erg ro Arovuxv Eulrgr;tvov(NATO) xor einev u n xu-
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epvnorg0o eervcr upon erg ro rcrnpo-rcr ro onoiov xoro rq oAo oulrEorvei- pvov crqoeorol0n u ev upxeuor r' ourou vq roxrvuveuooDVro oo envrr<o oulrqrpovro.>.,' Au rn orrypn, ornv,nou o Xrpnrogxor ro r<1ryro Uo rou eixov emEuof,,erg evcron ronpo nou Bo znrouoe rnv crurorcrBeon Kupou, on Eo rns 8o rnv Unrrog lno reroro evpyero ncrpelrurze eiooo mg xpo.goro NAIO, Ue rroro oyrxn o irog ovxor Mioond ng Bpronog n noporaf,n rou eKrrpooonooeopyovtrtnooregve evonoxivnpo ornv Knpo; O Erporogev nrov eruurdrqreq vo on pogrng opyovroongon unorcOloroooe nou nepinou orgopxnyg. o rov ;lp4orponorooe Moxopro xor evepyooe yro fpipog vo To iro eptnpo roxDel yro a to oreexn rng xuxorpopei <X>, or onoior, xoOonyoqrevor unoornprzpeorqv r<or pe Knpo ro vot on rouEAyyoug.npoLoytrvioLnoov ncpiornv rivopo Nixog o mg Aeurng Tpolroxpctiog. Errrn pveio 0o npe-
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Moropro, o onoiogOer,pooe o pogrou nrov u rtoruog."EpEoviornxe f,crvo frpooKnvloro 1921, oro orov Uereeperov lpio pe ro ouroxivnr rou oro ourpnupyo, crn'nou ovcrxpnoe yto rnv Knpo, yro vcr nproupynoer rnv trOKA B'. Illcrv on roug ortvousouvepyoteg xoBonyntgrou lpicr xoxor ro rn mpxernrng poongrng EOKA B. -l: ; x-. opo\nn ntclv Kol n nopcio LouKoopo v ; Moorpoxro.o onoiog ro 19Tl ctrrgoviornKe oig oupoulog rou lpio. O Mo: ,i .i orpoxorog. pazi Ue rov crponroLn ':' *'". Avpeo flotoprvo Kor rov Kupro eurxerpnporioXrrlrpom IIrn, quoretroocrv opornv o rorvovOpuov rrou r<otnBuvqvrn poon rou lpio rnv uepioo rng EOKA B'. Tnv nepioo exeivn o Moorpoxrog exove ouxvo rof,iro ornv Knpo. To 1971 yro oyoproolr EOKA B'peyoeg oypooe rng rtooTrues onropo U xpn]rcrronou ef,oo<pcr].roe crro rov Avpo florcqnovo, pocorou ouoiou or f,veg unnpeoieg xpnporoorooov poon rng EOKA B'. rn O yevrxg ypcqrlrmeSrou KKE Nixog Zoxoprngroxupiornxe ort ug npreg ppesTnSvopf,,ng poongrng EOKA u n opycrvotonqurn nrov nprroDpynlro Ayyciv. H nuorpn ourn ev puopei vo rolv rexpnprcoOei uE uncrpxouoeg pe nnyg. Exeivo, irog, nou reKlrnproveror, eivor u or Ayyor ove_ xBnxovrnv oqrf,n rou lpio Nor ev [npov ooopcr ylct UeTpo vcruepropioouvrn poon rng EOKA rov n opyovoonruov oro onopyovo rng. trivor, eniong, orou or Ayyor exouv oxpn uoo vo xpultroDv rnv riepiooourn. Or nLeioror ocrxeor yro oro
perovrx nporo Apxeio rrou oeopouv rnv nepioo 1954-1960 eivor crx1rn xeroroi. Keroroi eivor, eniong, oror rpoxeor nou ogopoDvrov lpio. To 1956or Ayyor ovoxnutycrv npoocourx ro opxeio rou lpio r<orxnrooxeoovro unpegnpepoyrc rou, xoOgr<orxrneg syypoeo rns EOKA. Or Ayyor erreef,crv npooieuoclvro 1952ecrxrxor orcl Fovo onooutroporo, npos ef,,unnpernon rng nponoyovcrg roug. To uuoruo urx eivor ef,o"(pcrvlopevo. ypoEr,tvnpoouoOnoevo repeuvnoer O rnv ruxn rou urxo cruro xqr rou Bnxe n nl,nporpopioon Bperovruropom,o onoiogxqvepeDvcl Aovivo, u... xo8nxe xoro rn percrr<ivnoro on rou nporou Apxeiou!
EHMEIOXEI' O Moxoprog pouordrng eivor ouyypoEeog rou riou (EOKA, n oxorewn oqrn>, er<oerg XTAX! ABnvo. 1. Byford Jones W., Grivas and the story of EOKA, a. 47 2. fpios - ^ryevng fe<ipytog, XpovjKv Ayvog EOKA 1955-1959, 46 a. 3. pouorrng Moxoprog, EOKA, n oKoLjvti Urn, a.77 4. fpios - ^ryevng I'e<ipyrog,Anopvnpoveupara Ayvq, EOKA 1955- 1959,a.3I 5. O Ayv, 4.I.1992. <Or perovrxg puouxg unnpeoieg xor n EOKA> 6. Barker Dadley, Grivas - Portrait ofa Terrorjst. a.7J 7. pouor<inngMcrxoprog,EOKA, n oKoLeNn Wn, a. BB B. Iliog - ^ryevns fepyrog, Anopvnpoveupara Ayvog. EOKA 1955 - 1959,a. Iz7 9. ^pouoldrns Moxoprog, EOILA, j1 oKotjvn t1rn,a. 87 10. Boxog Ayyeog, Axa Xpvta Kunprux, a.47 1 1 .O n . n . o . 4 9 12. O AWaoLog llepog tng (X>, a.22 13. ^pouorrng MoKopros, EOKA, n oxorcwi tl n, a.ll I
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pe rnv -cuxvo ouornprorn- onovolrn rxoroovng. To onpovnrrepo npnpo ror; ouvexrze vo roovizerrov xunpror< nl,n8uop (ornv nprn perovrxn oroypo.gn rou 1BB1 xoroypoErnxov 186.084 rororxor, 136.629,E),nveg 46.389 xol Topxor)nrov
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ro orxovoprx: or ouv8meg roiroong,rroirepcrrou oypouKou nn0uo1ro, ef,,or<o.Lou8ooov rrclpcrvo pvouv oBregKol rnv xorooroon emeivc,tve o.n prorn Eopotroyio. Or rolrcrprupieg ouf,ovovrov r<or yrcr rrs ouvroyporrxg eeuBepieg nou onoeix8nxov Eevcrxn: or Bperovoi ipuoov ro Nopo0eur< Xulroro(evo eiog romxng Bou),ng) pe 18pn: 3 Toupxougxor 9 ELnvegorperog oueurg 6 ror <enionpo pn> - crvrepoug xuepvnrrxoug erroupyous.(Or npreg exoygyrvov ro Moro rou 1BB3 enovol,opovovrovxqSe rprerio). O pog xor rou Eulroul,iou nrov po.l,ovror<oopnrrr<g, xcrBg or onoqooergLoupnopouocrvvo ovcr4lonovpc cxoon oorrxouroroyporog.Tn vrxoo qrnEo oe
loorynQrqs er- : xe o npoepecov { Tou Nolro8erxo Eupouiou, Bperovg <Myo.g Appoorng>. Onog yiveror ovunnr, or Ayyor 8eopooov o4 eo1rvn perovoroupr<rrn xn oulrlroxicr, yeyovg nou 8o. eeepve, cpyo n ypnyopo, rnv envoroupr<rxn ovuuopo.Seon. To oorxrepopr,rg upAnparng Ayytroxporiogpetre vo ouoerx8ei n onoirnon rov E}l.nvov rnc Knpou yro Evoon pe rnv Eoa. An rous uptilrougpnveg Lng xoroxng n nyeoio rr,rvKunpic,:vuro0rnoeprcr no[rxn upor<uxn pe xupro ofovn rnv onooron unopvnpo.rc,tvKot qrnEroporrov pe xoroxLeio xor povrovn euo rnv euxn yro <crnoon rng Knpou ornv Eoo>. Ar ro 1BB1 npoore8nKe orrs peOoug rexir<nong n opyovroon IloyKurrprc'tv ouunrnpiorv ror qu ro 1BB9 onooton <npeoerv>(oryoperbv n ovrrrrpooorrerv)oro ovivo. Or Bpercrvoi rorxnur<oiuncrnor ornv Kupo xopoxrnprzov ons eKBoerg roug rnv evonrxn xivnon aJS epyo rov rrpoxrpc,rv rng <uovel,Lnvrouxng npoucryovog>: riov ovrepov x),nprrriv, rr,rv onoqroirov rou flqvenrornpiou ABnvv nou erreorpeecrvornv Knpo, rorv
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vou orn Aopvoxo. An Lnv ncupo rous or exnpooor rorv Topxr,tv xqroixov npe otvcrv r<oOe euxorpio rn vop4roepo_ ouvn rous ilpog ro oyyrx orppo, onoerxvuo_ mcrg rousouvoixougrougEnvegoS rcrpoxonoroDs, nou ev 8o eprevoveuxoprornpvor<ef,,oueprog ong xuepvnoeogn rng envrr<ng>. (ytpvnpo tt'lv Topxtov exnpoonov, Anpirog 1BB2). otoon H rov EAAnvov noneurv orrevovu oroug Topxoug ouvorpoug nrov crvooyn: toug roDS crvr4rermzuv, oxev uovro, pe neprEpvnon (cog<opcrBeig oyoeg). H unorilrnon rou roupxrxo nopoyovro [poepxorov ctno rlg zovrovS ovopvnoerg rng Toupxoxporiogxor rroirepo rov oEoyriv rou 1821 qu rnv exor KriUnon u, opyo n ypnyopo.,n Bpetovio Bcruopo_ xopouoernv Knpo ornv Eoq,onoiovrogrKoloouvnoro oirnpcr rng ueuyn<piog. Mto oqeung orerf,,n rcovoixriv crro8nporr,tv Bnxe Nopprorou 1BB0 rnv ovoxpnon 150 ro pe vov yro vo xororcrxBov eOeovuxuorov el,nvrx orporxor rn ropeovcruooronornv envrxn xupvnon 107 (novoxprrov) runproxv nprvr,_rv,
ro^Drrlrov yro rrg orpc[rouKeslrcrctEopg. An rre or Knpror ev exoocl xopro euxorpio, xqvevo.noeprx n rnroporrxenerororng Eoogxr,tpig vo ropyovriloouvepovougDrroprou envrxou orpoto xqr xcpig vo oreiouveBeovteg. xuprrepor Or oroBpoi roD KurrproKoeBeovuoponrov o envoroupxrxg nepog rou lBgZ r<or or Bcrtrxcrvrxoi llepor rou 1912-1913 rcrvorpcneBnrovouvorxo 3.000 EnvegKnpror, ornv nerovrnrcr roug o_ ypreg.Epovorprog yivovrov xar oe xcrOe Beolrnvio nou nnrre rnv eorr<n pnrpnon (oeropoE n
Hoxrf rqg pe Kupqveiog ro Ktiurpo rnq (few6elog Brpro0rix4, A0rivo)
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rnon rns Kupou orn Bperovrxn Auror<poropicr. Evo :::y:j.tt_t^^ 'ppoorngep xpvo crpyrepo, percrrnv nopoitnon rng xueprrn-- E.Lror Elliot), rnv Krpo ornv Ecro(16-10-1915) povorx ope vrooypo rnv e.\.nvrxn efoo orov nepo,oro. uLeup rcovuvolrer,tv Awcrvr. rng )
pero oueoos rnv xnpuf,n uoepou rn Bpe- l]t-'llL?tl1l rou ou *t rovioxorcr Toupxiog, rng ovoxorvBnr.. ., ,rpoop- liff:T
nnppupeg)uopo rnv oc;xnpn orKovoulKnKcrrcloro- Kevrpo: ol Bperovoi on rou oyporlKouunOuopoKot uS ovcroyeg EuultoOYl(0v 0n0 orxg xoroorpoqrg enntrov Kor rnv Kupo. uou Tnv0pxnoe Ulo. O A'floyxoprog flepogeixe onpooKruegemnroerg orn peyovnoo:ro Noppro rou 1914, e^^nvoTolpKlKll
ong Bevrzeou, ,r Bp.rorricr nposepe, i;; il!ffi',lff,tJ"tt uro, upeoeurnrns ornv A8nvq O. (F.
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epEnvron rov <enrcrrxolv)o(peil\rnvKoI or-ovovrirruno rns UtKpoolonKnS Koroorpoens. Tcryeyovrorov Ig22 ouvmpof,cw rnv Kunpo Aytorng yr'ttlvpoerKns o!ryurntog Kot lov entxivuvtrrv ouvcncttov on rnv expizcoonrou Envropou crn ro ouevcrvu uoporo, crcr, xupicog, ef,ouiog rng rpoyrxng xornp., 4],, ")e".. peuong rou peycrolrortKou oveipou Kuprcrpxou ororxloDornv KurrplclKnevorlKn reooyio.Ee peyoo pepog rou unBuolro eixe eneOer euiong oH xuepvnon Atr. Zoipn orpprUrernv rpooeopct oyorueuon ou rnv ro[tKn xotoorcronornv Eorng Kupou, npocrovrog rxorooyiornv enr- o, nou eixe peroqrepBei ornv Knpo, oe UrKporog xqr Oqrio yro ouereprnro. lKclvooluJvrcls erKot rous repo o8p, otpouuunpxov crorrppoveg evrrcrr oyeppovrxougxuxloug rotv Avoxrporv xor rou fezerxoiornv Iepopxio,rov Tuo Kor rougno[eureg. vrxou Enueeiou.Hrov n peyorepn(xtrr n povorAurn rnv croxn cl-leclviornxov ro nporo xpxor xn) xc4rvneuxorpioyro rnv Evoon mg Knpou.H Uctro, ro <Aypoux Kppo> xor ro KoppouvtorrKo upootpoporou 1915onoeixvue rnv eiooo rou Ku- Kppn Kunpou (KKK). Hrcrv or npror <rcrf,rroi> E0eovr{g nproKouZnrnporogo Uro vcreoon Kor rn oveon o^[rKoi opyovrolroixqr xouurov rnv ovoyxn ouond14AeuxooforoD uS exqorore emegreBveig roopponieg. e- oneipcoong Ero rcovoo8evorpolv Korvovrxv olrocrtrl Fe orovKp4rx opevo xpovtctyvrooronorn0nKe n UUouKnoupEco- ovef,oprnroou rnv eBvrxrnrcr roDS. KKK rpoTo n 6 e p 0 , 1 8 9 8 Eaxg - I[x, vio epyozpevouE rrs rrovoororrUe rnv onoio n Bperovio eopeu- oxuoeopr<erog Ir rnK vo lrnv [clpoxopnoet rnv Knpo xopis nponKeSrou rexrxnoerg, progoro e8vrK Bepo or noyouUvn eyKpron rng fcriog, ev ro Kunprcrx upoco8npeveg <oexro.prouKes)) (n Seoerg yro rou ouveOnxeeniong yr Uro nepioo KCrr rn rcrp- ipoon rne (epyorooyporrKng Xoreuxng npoUe Ksrorns uorxng xoroxngrcovAoexovnootv. xporicrgrng Kupou>nrov ef,coupoypclrtKes. To reogrou A lloyxoopiou flopou eeporoH upoonoOero. tov Bperovv yro en1roonornv roxo rnv onoyonreuon, xoBg rorpeornxovxouopoooroxoovef,crprnrn KurrproKnexnoieuon eroqr,rpoegor upoooxieg uou eixov xorepyn- eepe, oro rogrng er<oericrg 1920,ovcrpoop rou oer or ro.xnpuf,,erg vrxnri,tv rou noe1rou oro vnoi npoxovrog rnv errovoououeipcoon rcov yro rou rnv eeu8epicr prxpv Lov, yro ug onoieg eioou ypcocrn rnv uopcrooroxn nonrxn nyeoicr. rotv xov noepnoerxor 16.000Knpror orpoureg oro llnpono, n noyxopro otKovoUrKnxpion onyouoe rnv KurrproKn orxovolricr oe popouxo orMoxeovrr< Merotnope ro perovrx orpor. Kunproug oypreg oe f,ocrxor roug ef,,o8rcopvoug rpoyxn Bon.Eug 17-10-1931, uorepoon ouyxpou"inr*, t-{ffipx'r*vi* S:v..g,l i{t"ifl* {:l:iirf {::git*** on Uerov xuepvnrn P. Etopg (R. Storrs), o Urupouoirng Kuiou Nrxnpog Mur'lvag, orqrvrrozoiil{ { i * i s } p,* *:'rx*S*tyil* 'ri'r {rr}!rFr*sq:s* {}ti}v wos rous noweg, ovnyyere rnv nopcrirnon rou on n * i k i p * : , { ' 3 : , . i I i : ' " u '. ' " ' : i \ i { : i { * i ro oui.euux of,it'i1roKnpuooowos Ue epnpnonxoug yougovvoronourx oyvo uuep rng EvcLtong. AxooOnoov ol rrcrportnoetsKor rov uuor-
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nr,rv oueutc'tv xor ro pcru mS 21nS Oxrtopiou orn euxctoio pro peycrn rqnLoon rrpog ro KDepveioeixe crupooxnrn xoronf,n rov UrrpnoUo tou xupiou - oupourng Anorxroxporicrg. To ou0ppnro xcrr ovopyovoro oix noponpnpo xcueoreroveuxoi,crrcrnupo rng ooruvolricrg,ptogn ef,e yepon euexro0nKeyrcl iyeg pepegoe o ro vnoi pe ronoerg enooiegnporov xtrpicovxor xor roroornpotr,tv. To.Bqroro rcov<Oxrotprovv), ouF(povo Ue uS opxeg, nrov eEto vexpoi xor rprovro rpoulrorieg, or Enveg.H tof,n eurnOnxepe rnv o<prf,norporri,tuxv evloxuoecDgrn oumyn peprxv exqov emEovrilv KuupicovoS rrpcrcryovtorv rng ef,eyepongKcn rous nopoeryporrxog f,u ooppoug oyporv on roug BpetovoEoug Kevrprrg noreieg rcovxcopxilv.exo orolro ef,opiornxov rrignpC'lroirrOr (OIOorOOuxO rOU XrvntrrorOg>: ovOpeo rous or pnrponoiregKtiou Nrxnpog xqr KupnveiogMoxoprog, oo xqr or nyreg rou KKK X Borurmg xor K. Ixe6og. Evo.gcrog npotroyolvlorng rng ef,eyepong, Envog upf,evogAnS o Kpou, uuoxpeBnxe vo eyxoroeiqrerro vnoi. Ernv Eooro <Oxroprovo> npoxoeoovncrvetrnvroouyxivnon Kol yto rprn Eopo eylvov oug peyoeg poxnrrr<g nerg ovuperovrxg ronoergytcl ro Kunprox. Avri8ercr, o npoBunoupyg Bevrzeog E. xoroixooe ouepiEpooro og ove8uveg evopyoreg, roo rnv xunproxn ef,eyepon ooxor rnv eqrxnoulrnopooroon:<H rornpnotgorevrcuo <prrxv oxeoeov npos rnv Meyonv
Bperoviov onereoeuoyiov nonrxnv rng El,oog on rng nproupyiog rou envrxou xporoug. Ooor volrizouv u oup<peper roropox8ov or vo oxeoergorcrr,ru rorourorpnog npuopei vo ef,crvoyxooBn n Ayyio vo pcrs nopoxr,tpnon rnv Kupov, eivor npo<povrilg ovBpconor oxnroyroror>. H A0nvq eKove ooqeg u ev 8o enrpene uor ro (oIVo oDUeepovr0)rr,tv Envr,tvrng Knpou vcr xoBopioouvtnv noLtrNn rng, rrcrirepo rcrvenpKelro vcr roropcrf,ouv oxeoergrng U roDS((frouS pooorcrxog ougpoxoug>. Emv Knpo n perovrxn roixnon npoxpnoe oe prro oerpo oxLnprilv ovrerrcrvcloronxcjvprpr,tv,neproprzowcrsug uomxg eeuBepieg (xorcrpynonrou NolroBeuxo Xupouiou,ovooron rcovnpouxv exoyd,rv, euron oyoxproiogorov Tno Kcu ornv o-\.noypoEio, crnoypeuon euoupyiogrov KopUcrrcrv) xor Oerowogun oorpur<ux eeyxornv Exxnolcr Kol rnv llcrreio. KcrBeovoEopo n uuo"rvrypE ornv Evoton U rnv Eqo rrpopouvrov ooornpcr. Exoug ntov n no.polrp<porcn eBvrxng rourrnrng rog rov Kunpir,tv xor n peroon roug oe crououg )
An roug Boxovrxog floepoug rov ror A'floyxriqrro pe;1pr B' ro floyxopro q l-ltrepo n0p0uoi0 Tov Kunpittv noepror6v oro neupd rqg Eooqrov Kot Iuppqlov efvor ropxlig. To xunproxri ovroypo onoprp(eror orov flerpold ro Noepppro rou 1940
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xor KoroKrntn r<otuuoourrtv ro vo upor<croel clvrtolorKrcrKKor ovuperovrx pioog uou mov onopoirruo Ylcrrnv opoyvo. yovroon evgevonouoneeu0epour<ou O B'floyxoprog lle1rogeYrveouyxovronxo crroOnrg otnv Kupo prgoug 28 Oxropiou 1940, rnv npspo rng lorr<ng eui8eong evovtiov rng trooS.Axprtig ewro xpvto pcro ro <Or<rcoKctl provo>rou 1931,or pporrtov nerrlv rov xo(OTuOl0OTlK0 pe or ouvroyporrxv eeuBeprritv, exxnorooru<oi nye- prdv xoroxuornKovf,ovcr eLnvrxegonlroieE,uxtvtiPorogu Kuptopxouv nourxnE' reg rnv f,ovo ornv nortrxn oKnvn oS or ct- noypoppizovrcls nrro rng petcrvrxng (uoo.O iroD eBeovreg ropErornnror<eBvctpxegr) KurrproKou XrroegK[pror r<ncnoxOnxovc,lg qropg rxo- nooyizovror oe 37.000)xcrr oreexo-roov <Kuoro to crpxerg rog o Aevuog oupBnr<e ornpro Yrcl (olcloroouxo r<npuyporoDKctl (ilopovonprox Etrvrcrypo> uou ipuocrv or Bperovoi, crqou peg poornprtrneg>, oxpn Kc[ Vrcr<x<orovoxpou- ev r<cucrgepcl VCrKctrrcrxBouv orov envrx oe orpor. Onog rvrzeo pruponoirngAevtrog, u'{}{.j nopvnUo rou to Mcrrotou 1942.o xunptoxgoE S.;r; S' il*ws.qi'ir*;* ll*i!{igi{t i:r} *iii!;|:*i, orov loepo onSouoeeBeLovuxoroug oulrlro.xous q:l'ii,*i1i!*ir**]*:1s.f,? **'gi;; ;tx,, . e: i.iir*l;f: oyro vcrrexrxnoeroro peovlre rreprooorepes -r q;\ pc;:e; ;:'*;:*c p; m* v-i; -" i''r :r.]li' rnv Evoronrou vnorou lre rnv troo. fi f,roerg $iij Yi * i:ii'l"l {iS i Or enieg erreorpeqtcvxor nor, ef,oticrg xor urrooxtot,lvYro rn ouUr<nr rorv oootpcirv crprotc-rv UxlKn peronol,eprxir cvtcrnoon. Ero eooreprx perorro n xoroppeuon rng <flo1reEvog on toug iyougropeignou poNporiog>eeepe veo eo1revcr. Anpiro rou oio oveu creiog>... Tov ev enevenocvUt rnv iro ouornprnto -yo ncr- 1941Uro opoo rcrvooupvotq ncrorvnoneurv pooong- or Bperovoi orn er<oeriq 1930,ntctv ol rou KKK ipuoe ro AKEA xcu petiv rou nopovopc.ru pe rnv Aoou>). To ouvrxororxg el.eu8epieg, onoreeo1ro. crv- (<AvopBouxv Kppo rou Epycrzopvou ev pro crnte- veo Kolrpouvroux xppo eixe evrunooroxoug puBBron rou ouvrexvlclKour<rvnporog, f,oog yro roug Kuupioug nrov n nveupouxn pct- poug crvuruf,ns KcIr orporoynong pev Kol onnepror- peitooeonpcvuKesvixeg ong npouxeg exoyg rou ornprrnro, Ue rnv xoon uo of,royc,lv lpolrpotctw (1934) xot rng xv, rov <Kulpro.r<cov rct ovrrKolrpouvr1943xor rou 1946,npor<ovrog Ku<floEou> (1935)xcu tnv ipuon rng <Etcrrpeiog ouxcr ovoxqouxa rc'tvovnnoov rou, rrou opxronv ornv ABnnprcrxv Xnouv> (1936).flcrpcrnc; Tov Oopunprvor. Iouvro rou 1947 vcr opycwrirvovror noneureg,Kcll otnv vcr, yupo ou roug ef,prorouE exx8nxe crpxrenioxonogKunpou o trrnrponoirnE veuoporxia rou Aovivou ovcrnrxOnNtrv r<uuprcrxn evuog,xcrpnornv unoornprf,n KclruS rltnqousUeyro H or uupnveg pcrong ro Kuupror<. rotopro rov e- yotov oixtiv otpolroroy croxcrr rou AKE. H upevov excreuv 0o ouoeif,er novnyuprxn on ro rng noon eerooe oro crnoKopuqol-lo. rov or opyopvo nou (uruxe) n rxroroprr<n xor oveeBepn voerg rng Aptorepog crvoxoiv<,toov Bo enorpvov u pero.f,u Uepogotn <Eu1roueuuxn (otnv xuroxuepvnon ntov vo reupveiro xcropo. Euveeuon>
rou 0r qyereg K.K. Knpouunnr<ougrns onorKtoKportKnsunepuvopng. H <llcrpepor<porio,nrogerrKpornoe vo ovopoztrctl Xopopnog xur Borur614g n exqetio pero ro <Oxroprcrvo>qil ro vo1rorou lreeog,xuepvrnn X. fl-Lgep (H. Palmer), eixe pvo ouKtlorog nou enioqgorqour<ovriuqo ro pnrpouoirn flcrgou Aewro, arg e[opior4xov rouornpnrn rou ctpxrelloKomxo 8pvoupero ro 0orou nporroirtot voro rou KupiMou (1933):Uercttnv xorouon rov
42
1.
$,
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rov (pr^lKov rous Koulrorov K(ll rns Exrnoiog. xupepveio Or nounpeporonepyrcrxoi oyveg ouvoeu8nxov nupno4pevo ono npotroEovfi gorvpevo, nog f,uocrpUoug ger ropoleg lg orrepyov n ctnepyoorroorv, uvolrtrouxg evpyereg, rou1931 poon ovef,eeyxnov olrocov rpc4rrrouKovxo: ro treypevo <orxovoprxnepo>, rnv crncrypeuon urng vriSero, o evuog xor rq unoruoKurrprcr- uoornprf,,ngKol rov orxovolrrxdlv ouvooyrilvpe eti Ko KolrUcrrcr tteptrvcrv ornv c[Ioxn ctu uS noyyeporieguou ovnxcrv ornv qvrinon noporof,n. Or npouNegexoyeg 1949emeqiooqv rnv rou tl' rl oto ouv8ntrro<Evoorg xor pvov Evcoorg>. nporoxcr0epiorng E0vopxiog ornv KurrproKnrro,,:i,,,,,111.11,, To voDoyro rng <Arooxeuxng>, ro Mcrro Anrr<noxnvn Kclrn rurcrrou <Anpor<pour<ou Xrporou 1948,onpcve to oof,o reogrng pvng perovrrou) orov envrr< epqro, ro xooxoipr rng irog rng peronoeprxng<ncrpoxopnong)) npog roug Kuxpovrog, f,exoOoproe rnv xorcroraonornv Ecro npioug,no.porcrverpo nou eixcrvuqoeror reeuroi-{'i:;,1',,J or pero ug roxnpf,ergntv vrxnrv rou B lloyxo}ry1iry1*r;'{t*;t I*Hf?. *l it{ifr*v*: . : oplou llopou urrep roDrxorlrorog rng ouroroOe,,Yiz{,6}:i:t:iv ongrov ov. Or e.\,nvrxg :.i.#***trl;ti ufi*f rr{ iii{i}six; xuepvnoeig,ooppoq4rveg orn ivn rou eprpurou 't{i;\t no,\,pou, ouvrxucrv "t;t rfi {i,3***: 5*;: Zf,ZV ili'!**e.i vo ryeizouvu n <uorponopoorogenvoperovrxn tprioev enpenevcrrmopox8ei pe rnv ovcrxivnon rou Kulproxou>, ev or Kupror ev Eoivovrov vo cvuopclovror ug oxtrnpes oDVnerS Uerorns noelrmngnpoyporrxrnrcrgrov <uo xolrcov>yro Fr ouverrerornv eiooo oe Uro vecr uepioo. To rn orpotnyrxnonpooiotoDvnoroulous. AKE^ f,exivnoe rn orcrupo(popio rn reBvonoiyro O oupooxnrogBcrvorog eovriou, iyeEprou non rou Kunpror<ou rnv unoon rou Itpog ouKctt vov eo1ro.eg tnv extroyn rou, ovrperpe pera opr- zrunon orn fevrxn Euveuon Opyovroporov rou orrKoro oxnvrx. Me rnv exoyn rou ynpo.roMoHvorpevotvEOvv, qcl rnv npotroouicrrou KUropiou B'cogveou opxrenroxuou,o evouxg oyc,_r- rrproKou KoUpouvrouKou xpporog yro ref,,oyotyn vos cl{)xrovcr llclrpvsl Illcr KOI evrovo cvlrKouuou_ noyKurrproDnpoqngioporos yro ro nol.um pevronK xppcr Ue uS euoyieg rng Kunproxng ).ov rou vnoro oneuoevo eyxouto8ein E0vcrpErrnoiog. H evroon rou notrxo xiporog percr- xio, nou ro ilpoypcrroroinoe rerr<o un rnv oryioo Kot EepBnxe oro ouvrr<oroux xpo Kor ro 1948 rng, orrs 15Iovouopiou 1950. Or trl,nveg rng K- #ff:l?t"r,r, ' urnpf,e xpovro Kopueoons rrrtvepyouxv orrepyrcr- lpou qrneroov r<qOorr<o rns Evroongrou vn- ffi;;;; urp hrf;,;;;'rKOVKrvruOlornoec,rv. cruepyoi ovnxov ornv or orou rous Ir rnv Ecrq n elrpovn rng peroKcrr oro IIEO, rnv epycluKn olroonovio rov ouvrxcr,\.rotr- vrxng r<uepvnons nopoyvr,rpizer vq unoqO- nofeunoov vo n nleu;;iouxt.rvopyovoeuivrns Aptorepog. evor rq epyorrxo Ulzer rnv uqoiKn of,ioon 8o.onyooepe po.OnIupp6lr,tvxor6 ouvrxororng ef,rog XEK qxoou8nocl o.uepyo- prrKn oxpiero omv ef,yepon.To <upozpr rng ro O,tioyxOopro olouKn noLrrrxn ]re rnv evpyn oqrnopooroon IIiKpos) eixe nro crpxioervo qouoxti.rver... I l-ftitrepo
rrprcrKnroroplo eperveyvoorn 6ls (^rooK[uKn)) ilou ixe ouvKoôero KUepvnrngpoglouivorcp (Winster). Xxongrng Xuveeuong ntcrvn ouznrnon yro rn Uopen rou Xuvroylrorosnou Bu uapexrovr<orOcr ef,oogorze rn oupperoxn rotv Kunpic'tv orn roxeipron rov eoiDreprrv uno8eoeovrns vnoou.
Topperovrx
43
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Aprorepo:AKEA ro rq oroporf ouoyri xot unoypogtitv ro npoounoypqer rnq nuorirDrsu0 EOvopliog. Aoexor4 rou unoyporp{ 4 E(exfo flonoiowou, y.y. AKEA rou Kfro:outroy{ oro unoyporprirv, noforo rou evortxo nuyxnprou rqq npoUIl0iouuroq 15nq lovouopiou '1950, oro No Mqrponorrrxd rqgAeuxooiug. Anoreeopo: 96% H unep. eqvrxri opv{0qxe xupepvqo4 vonopoper roug pe rdpoug rtg unoypoqeq... Ir4 prxpli eor.,To po(rx ouo4r{pro rov unep Evtrlo4g rqg rou Oxrdppro 1948
HEOMP HKAI OENOTIKOIAMN

rou ftoproy fgopru
enixoupou xa0nynui oro flcvcnrorfpro Knpou
e ouvepicr mg Iepog Xuvouotrg 18 Iouiou 1948onoqooiornxe n ipuon E8vcrpxrxou Eupgouiou npog llporilBnorv rou E0vrxo Evouxou Ayvoguu rnv npoepiorou opxlcrroKnouxcrrrn oupgeroxn rov crpxrepeovxor orxv uopoyvriov.Og exree_ onx pyovo tou Eupouiou opyovtitBnr<e lpcrro <peiotrBvopxiog pe npepo rov Kniou Moxpro xor ovuupepo rov KupnveicrgKunprov, or otoior yro nog er<oerieg ouvxerooLoreBo ouorn pneouv xqr crore ovrrpcrxovrcrr. 0o Au ug nprcSsvepyeres lpogeiou rng E8vcrpxiog rou ntov n ex_ oon exqrpoonxouopynvou,tou neprorxou<Envrrn Kupog>,pe reuBuvrnro ypoUlrclro lporou tpeiouE0vopxiog Nixo Kpovrxilm. Ero perof,u ro AKE, ovcrznuilvrog epeioporcr otov opof,o envrx xpo, uou porvrov o elrgurog nepog, ouorere 4rencrvnpoooleio uou ro.f,ieqrepuouxo ornv Eocrxor eixe ouvcrvtnon pe ro ypopporeo rou KKE Nixo Zoxopron. O Zcrxcr_ prong uuetf;,e evtovrepo evrrrrrxcrytrvoxor ovrtucrpoOeon rrpog roDSAyyoug ouorxroxporeg, nou ornplzov roug<Enves UovclpxoeooioreE>. H ouvnvrnon eixe cruoreeopcr yKcrtoeiqlein vcl Aprorepn rn perpronoOn pexpr rre oroon rng Kor vcr oupneoer tr10rnv E0vopxicr ornv qrooxrn rer<ixnon rng Evroong. Ernv enpevn nepioo AKtr^ xcrr E8vo.pxio ovroyttvizovrov yrcr ro noros Bq avooer rnv nporolopio rou evr,tnr<o oyvcr. H EBvopxio opyovtooe Oxrpro rou 1948ro erov v rurroorcrKorpo pozrxrepo [clyKurrproouo_ Kor nrnpro, uou pinoe r<crr xoreOeoe evt_nrxnlou rnv ro0nxn o ooBevngcrpxrenioxouog Moxoprog B, evri o erxv<rv tnv nyeoio eixe nn crvoner u o pnrponoirng Kuiou Morcrprog,ouvrovrorng Lng ropyovroong crorxg xor oprnrnEorn Ueyon ourn ouyxevrpoon. llcrpcrrnv evouxn orpoqn rng Apr-
orepng, n E8vopxio roxnpuf,e n ouexerexcr8e ouvr-pyooio rousKogpouvrorcs. Ue To AKE ovronovrnoe ong upcoroouieg rng E0vopxiog pe peyoo ouAonrnpro<yro ryc,tpixcrr eurepro> 4 Auyouorou1949, ong npepo crqrrf,ng verou ou xuepvnrn Awprou Porr, pe epyorrxeg Krvnrorrornoels Kol ouepyieg,[olJ rou ef,oogcrzovuprlrouopicr olnv o\,'lroflolxroxnowrnoimuon ror pc rn ropyo_ voronpeyor'tvevcorrxvexnoecov uerg oug xor ng peyoeg xorvrnreg, oug ouoiegef,n1ryere roprn yvoon npoqmpiolrorog. E' egug oulxewpocierg pororo yrvrov pozrxn npoouuoypopn qmeropflov unep rns Evoong rng Kunpou pe rnv Ecro. To evrotrx nporyngrolra H trBvo.pxiopeOnxef,,oqvrxcr oxoouBeiLrg vo AKExeg npcoroouieg xrvuveue vo xcroer xcrr rnv uporoxcrOepiorou evorlKou rrvnporog. |ro vo uuepxepooer rnv AKErxn uporoouio oueuoe, uorepo ou eronynon rou pnrponoirn Kniou MoKcrpioD, ef,oyyeierrnv 1n exeppiou 1949rn vo revepyero rrclyKurrproD evorlKou ntrroqrnqriopoLog ong 15 Iovouopiou 1950.Mern rnv ef,cryyeiorou nporyn<pioporog, AKE orUornoeug rxegrou ro nporo8ouieg xcrr ovcrxoivctoeoutrrlreroxnKol urroornprf,,nornv eBvopxrxn nporoouicr. O opxrenioxouog znrnoe ou rnv xuepvnon vo ovocreirn ref,oyoyn rou nlrorynrpiolrorog,oirnpo nou onoppirpBnxe cru rnv orrolKrcrKnxuepvnon. Xug 15lclouopiou 1950o' eg exxnoiegpercrro ug nepogrng enoupyicrg, oeou ovorrFeBnxeeirxn enon, crpxroe qn<porpopio. rpcruezro Kvrpo n Ee oro rcovexxnorov uunpxcrv uo e1rypoqo.Ero vcrovo.ypcleorov <Af,roupev rhv evoorv rng Kupou Fe rnv Etrocr> Kol oro cro<EvroropeBo erg rnv evoorv tng Kupou pe rnv Eno>.llopcr trg xuepvnrrxeg peOoeuoerg rnv eur8on neproprolrv orougnKot poorouguuonoug, upooeeuonuunpf,e UcLzrKn. n Ee eoxroregueproxg pnnxcv picr n uo unopoees xc[rrr ou ro erepo eyYpoeo. llepinou ro 90% rorv Utnqoqop(DvupoonBe xor uuypoqre.An rouE 225.000 EnvegrpnEo<ppoug urreypctryclv urrp lns Evorong 215.000, or noooor nepinou 96%. yuep rng EvtoonEqrnqnoovor Appevror, uooiKoBorxoixor Mopovireg r<orpeprxoi Toupxor.
45
ffi
Irox OHe
Tcr quoreopororou npoqnEioporog, oro rpio ovriruno nou cixov unoyporprcion Loug rynpotppoug,eBnxov oe rpersoerpeg nu 18rpougn xoSe pro, or ouoiegouo<pooiornr<e uopooBouvu[ evo nionpn xunpror<nnpeoeinorov OHE Kor orrs oyyrxn xor envrxn xuepvnoerg.Teqolreng oi* vuupoocoueio pe enrxerpong pnrponoirn Ku- ,;i ro pnveiog Kuuprcrvcrvl.oevcr nopcroer roug r- l$,t UouSornv ABnvo, ro Aovivo xor rn No Ypxn. poo oe xipo evOouoro.H upeoeio crvoxrirpnoe opou. UCnovnyupropoug, onporooLoropoug. ruprrclvoxpouoieg. ouyrer,'rpoel Kcrr flcrrpro g opricg. Lrxe S Xrnv Etroo ov1reve npeoeicrn upcitrn ryurnv xpotrouoio. H r<uepvnonIloornpo opvnSnxe vo uopooer roug rpoug Kot nclpenspryernv ovuupooorneicrorn Boun rcovEnvc,rv.Toug rpoug nopeo.e rerxcrovenionpo o npepog rng Boung Anpnrpng lwrxog rrou roDSxoreBeoeorn Brro8mn rng Boung.Avenionpcryrve euiong eKIn n ovrurpoor,rneiooe oxpoon qu ro oorl,ro IIoo. llopo rnv xuepvnrrxn ouereprnro,pro upoonoBerooqoyng oroong evovTl rclv Xulrlroxov
&mm $ffi@ffi, em &Ktr&wma ffiffiwwpwuw roqrtiuon

xfiswffip{{*1f*gt#p6# &%fffiewffie #w {w*;ewe
opeoos pero rn nf,,nrou EpEuiou, crg r<oropyovoerg unoxrnxqv Seppo rnv KunproKn ovrlupoooueio ornv ABnvq, oe ouyxevrpoersrrou opyovBnxov npog r4rnv rng oe ro.<popo rpporcr. Xro ovivo n upeoeioev eyrveer<rnon xovevcrvr<uepvnrrxenionpo Kot or rpor rou npoqnEioporog xqrorBnxov orov op8of,o vcr rng Ayiog EoEiog. Ern No Ypxn xorp8ooe vo exer prcrouvovrnon pe rn lpolrlroreio rou OHE, ornv onoio nopcooe rpirn oerpo rov r1rotv rnv rou nuovn(prouoros. O Moxprog opxreuioxonog Tov Iovro rou 1950nBoveo opxrenioxonog MnxoprogB'Kor orrs 20 Oxropiou ovn8e orov crpxreuroxomx Bpvorng Kunpou, (ryneo re xnpou xor oo>,o Moxoprog I', pexpr rre pnrpoloitng Kuiou. O veog eOvopxngovunEBnxe tr eixe etBer ro rogrou envrxo ourprrtuopou r<oreurxeipnoe vq reBvouornorl ro Kunprox, perorouizovrog ro orn ypoUpn rou clrlololxroxo xrvnporog, oro ncrioro rou onoiou uioreue u nrov euxorepnn rexir<nonrng nuroro8eong.An ro 1951pxpr ro 1955 npoyporonoinoe oenonq rof,,iro ornv Euprirn, rnv Aoio Kor rnv Apeprrn, pe oxon rn
rns yvpng xor r<orvng rnv ef,,crogoronuloornprf,,ng yro rnv ouromSeon rng Knpou. yvr,tpizovrog rnv ouvoO Mot<oprog, pio ouoyxiorpoons rov e}nvrxv petelrqurorv xuepvnoec'rvo.u rnv oyyrxn ef,,nprnon xor uroreovrog u qv ro Kunprox opspev og 4repng oyyloenvrxn rogopo ev 8q onpeiotve r<opio npoo, euriroxepe en4rovn rnv upo0non rou rrpog ro HvtolrvoE0vn, uou unnpxe vrovo euvoir<ripo yro rnv ouroroBeon rov qdv xor rov replrorroUo rns o.non<roxporiog. llprn tpoonoOerorrpos rnv xnreOuvon ourn yiveror ornv Exrn Euvoo rng fevrxng Euveeuong flopior, oro ro Noelrpro rou 1951.O Moxoprog o.nnOuve upog rov npepo rng emrponng yro rrg pn ouroruepvdrlrcvcg xtipeg rneypotpnpo nou ovegepe ro ox<Oer,pope ou8o.: xqSnxov vo xoroornootpev Woorv u o xuuproxg ogouoorepyerro r<o8eorg rng perovrxng crnorr<iog, em0upei e xor oyc,lvizeror r'eeBepov pe eBvrxnv ztony ro rng evoerog ro el,nvrx rporog, erg ro onoiov Euenxg crvnr<er,of,rv rnv eeoplroynv rng crpxng rng ouroro0oeog>.To Kuuprox 8rf,,e ornv irq fevrxn Euveuon o Knprog oueurng ABnvv ouxng Axpitog. Merq rnv nprn ourn evepyero. Kurrprcln xn nyeoio lpooovoroiornre nnpc'rg upog ro Hvc,tpvo E8vn, znrdrvrogrnv eeclpUoynr<orornv Krpo rng opxng rng ouroroSeong npooovrog xor
fofl:
pro rou 1952orn NcrYpxn. O Moxoprog pog ev iorooe vo peroei ornv Apeprxn, uou ncrpoxotrouBnoeug epyooieg rng fevrxng Xuveuong eixe xor rooueoerg roEopeg pe ovunpooconeieg. trnrorpe<powog ou ro uoupnvo rof,,ir rou oro e_ pe f,oteprx o Mcrxoprog, errroronrou rrpog rov KDepvnrn Awprou Pcrn,znrnoe nog yivouv oeooreg or orroeooergrol OHE yrcrouroroBeon rov crv,emxoeornxe ro nporyngropo rou 1gS0Kor rexiKnoe v rrpoylrfiorrornoer n r<uepvnonveo n1ro_ rpnelopo, ivovrog oro o tnv euxorpio rng evooKnong rou rxox,4rorog ourorOeong. xuepvnrng rng O orrownoe oxr,tvrxou n percvrxn r<upr,,non ev oxneue orovnnore oi.oyn rng xupropxiog rng Krrpou Kor u Serrpooe znrnlro xeror. ro Ernv ouopprnuNn oyyrNn oroon o Moxnprog o_ vrouovrnoe pe oixeg xrvnronornoerg r<orpe ooxnon rrleoeov ornv envrxn xuepvnon yro eyypo_ en roD Kuuproxo orov OHE. Orov o xuepvnr-ng onoyopeuug peycreg crvorxres exndloerg, exei_ vog xoooero o oe erxnoroop oe ouyxexprpevn er<xnoio, uou ef,,eroorcrv ouqnrnpro. oe
Arolitroton E4voxunpfov po04r6v r4g unep Evtrroqq 24 orrg Mriibu 1959
nopo},n.,o rnv onern rns rrpooeDyng orn levrxn Xuveuon cog ovriperpo ornv oyyrr<n oroon, ttou crre Eeuye onoronuote ouzhrnon. To (De_ poucrpro 1952o opxrenioxonogKnpou oneurou Ouvpevog npos rov uEuuoupyAuorxrv oep Tpog rw, rroDrrpclypruonoinoeouvropn euior<ernv {rn ornv Kunpo, ef,e<ppoze euio <u n Ere_ euBpo Ayyio Bo Benon vo npoon rnv evmov rns fevrxng Euveeuoeog rcov Hvropvr,tv E8vv upoorpuynv rou xunproxo znrnporog xor Bo npon erg rnv ro rng Evoer,rgeverr<vupevnv roxurornv qrorxoiovxerpovolriov...>. xor B.'pos enrKupruon vccrsypoppns npoyTns poronornBnxeous 25 Anpriou 1952om : ,-. Acuxooio n llpdrrn lloyxnpro EBvrxn , f Euveuon rn ouFUeroxn600ovuupoi Ue ;' ffi. ;#. oucov qn on rnv Knpo. Mrvrog otn ouveeuono Moxoprog ov<pepe avc4reoo ooe qro qxi.ou8cr: <Korcrro rpxov rog Oo xoroqr,rpev ntroov upoonoBerovoore n envrxn xuepvnorg eyypoqn ro zrunpo ersrov Opyovropv vo Hvr,tlrevcov EOvv,eov r' crou rpuou ev enneux8ein truorgrou. Eov uop' enio ev enuxr,4rev Inv eyypclenv xor uorv ev 0o nouxoorrtlrev,oure t<ot onoyonreuScipev...>r. 8o llop, , ourq ro Kulproxev pnnxe npog ouznrnon ornv Eo1rnEuvoo fevrxng Euveuong OHE ro Xenrurng rou 'r,'
.{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{ '*$&$ u. g*{*u*** "{* *1*.{ei*4*{$$# *"xwyx*..*xmpw*l we, W*eq*xaw.*r"* &n6**Sreew;*1p*,r*q$$S*} {*
ffi {ffi**u*ffi *l;,lv #*} t:l*l,l :,,11 ffi sp{:{S{$ms$
Ernv o..\.noypcrEio Ir rov xuepvnrn urogerou rnoe or<olrnrnyoocr,en4rvovrcrs ornv crpxnrng ouroro8eong. Ilopol,n},o upoouo8ouoe vo epuf,errnv envrxn xuepvnon Kl rnv notrxn nyeoicrornv rpoorrnxn rng re8vonoinongxor rng ouznrnongrou Kunproxouorn levrxn Euveeu_ on rou OHE. ev iorcroe poLroro rc 1952, crloyon_ reupvogoro rn oroon roD npot8uuoupyou Nrxo_ ou floornpcr, rou clrrnpoepou rng xuepvru;-ng Kor unoDpyouEf,r;treprxdlvEogoxln Bevrz.Lour<or rtov crrrtv nonrxr,tv nyerv, vo xornyopnoer rnv envrxn nonrxn nyeoio u <evnuze rov envrxv ov Kcrrrous uoruxeig Kunpioug>r<oru ornv of,ioon yro neponpo npotilBnonrou Kunpro.Kou Kol ovonEn nproroourv eixuv crnovrnoer <pe roroypv xo"r vuoroypv u no.poxoougov ro znrnpo crYprJrrvos). H ouvwncm flonyoulwev IIop' n rnv onpo8upicr rov envxv xuepvnoerov o Moxcrprogeuelreveornv euroyn rou. Tov Ayouoro rou 1953pe unprmlro rou rrpog ro Vpc4r, poreo rov HvctpevotvE0vriv zrunor rnv elrypogn rou Kunproxo ornv nlrepnoro rorof,n rng Oyong fevrxng Euveuong, xornyopvrog rn Bperovio u ev )
47
Irox OUE
oerov ro rxoir,tpo rou KurrproKoAcrouylcr ouroroOeon.ro3iooe ro unpvnpcrorov trnvo npotBuuoupyorpctnpxn flonyo rcrr opxroe ero4rcroieg yro vcr clvoxopnoer orn Neo Ypxn yro vo ornpif,er Kor rrpooomKo ro xunprox oirnpo. O llorroyog, nou nioreue u ro Kunprox nrqv envoperovrxBepo noD Urropouoevo Au8ei pe <prn< roxcrvovrolrovopeoooug uo oqrpoxes xuepvnoerg, znrnoe nn rov Knpro nyern vo ovoo.er rof,ir rou orn No ro Ypr<neuern eKKpUouoe ouvcrvrnonrou pe ro Bpercrvouuoupy Ef,rrtreprxvAwovr Iwev, xoro rnv ouoiq nioreue n pnopouoe vo eutxer npoo oro Opo.O lloncryog ouznrooenpoBnon ongrou Kunproxou Ue rov Ayyo npeon ornv ABnvo oep Toopg flrx oro uoioro rng uproonE roD yro (errx roxclovrop>, nou npovoooernv nopoxri4rnon evgEreeu8epou Euvrcryporogornv Kupo xor pcLo Lnvuopecuon uo xpvtrv Lnv npoypcrronoinon npoqnqioporog.Ogovroloypo prropouo evo l''il i.i{1,;f;,ir,,:I'r*i.*ilr; ,:,it.iii!!li:i:,1i..! l:!{:i!.}i,,i:ti:.:"ft i"]ir::l:ci1*l,l"1r,I|{1 ivo xqr Ocr eunoronoov ro xuuprox znrnlro rov i ] ] i i r ; j l i . : : . l i l , , l i : . l * l i ' i : | . i . . j ] : . r ] , , i l , 1 : : . l ' l ' ] , . . i ' l , ' | ; . l . i l . , 1 j :epurzevcrnoet. ev pnopooe potgvo pero-0oer i]il,},,i:|l rn oToonroDyrcl ro Kunprox. 1,,:.ijii'iii:'ii:);jt; i.:i:'ji1* t,;]i.a'iiril::r 1::r'i;l.,ti.I1; ;ir;ii:il iiilt,i{r1,,i,.ir:rlr';{' To <<ounoru rou Xuxloov H oxnpuvon rng oyyrxng orcrong oro Kunpror<euvoooe rn ypopUn Moxopiou yro ovoznrnon .\uong oro ncriororou OHE, pe orxo rov ef,,crvoyKcroUotng Bperovios vcr [opclxopnoer qurorcr8eornv f,eroorei n eyxorcroroonperovrxt,rvcroeotv on ornv Knpo. To rerx xrunnU on oyyrxng Eoo.H perpronoOng cruoqn rou lloucryou ev nneupogBme crnrov unoupyAnbrxrv Xvpr rcrvopeorn orougKunpiousKcrlornv envrxn xorvn Xnxrvoov, o ouoiog oncrvrovros oe eptlrnon rou yvdrlrn, oo xupir.lgev crpeoe orougBperovog. Xrn ouvovrnon llonnyou-Ivrev ornv A0nvo, Ue rnv rrcr- EpycurxououeurnT. Ikpigr8g yro uS upoOecierg pouoicrrou npeoeurnlhx, n upooun8ero En- rng xupvnons yro rnv Kupo Kcrryro tnv nr0orou voTnro nqpoxupnong Nupropxiogolov runprox vo npcoBuuoupyou Ooerro Kunpror<ptre novo yepn ovdpaon Kol o Ayyog unoupygrxoqe rov o.,crnovrnoeoug 28 Iouiou 1954orn Boun rt:v Korvorirc',lv u n Knpog nepr).opovrcrvorrs rrellouoyo yto vo rou nrioer qruxpo u yro rnv oyyrxn Nupvnon ev uEiororo Oprcr oure pe- proxeg rne Korvonoueios, (or ouoieg ounore xol Ayyor ovuxcr8o uunpxe. AxooBnoevrovn ouznrnon Unopouoov ovopvouv vo xolr rroror. oe{rnrtrlrroreg eyerortr o Ivrev npoxpnoe rrpogro ucrpo.Oupcl xor yro oqyov rng npeoeuuNngxororxiog, nou yrvrov crp'n rnv vrovn ovripcronrcovEpyoun ouznrnovrixpro4 on, Korrozovrcls evov xov oueurV percrv[<o roo Tunou ror rrpogro f,c1. orcronourn BeotpnH . nonti Onxe upoonrrr<non rou irou rou upco0unoupyou Ouivcnov ro orporcrpxn,o onoiog ono" Topror,o onoiogotnepryc Lovunoupy xolpnoeqovozovrogopyropevos rrposrov Ivrev: <Ei' por o upofuuoupyg rng Enogxor rov o1l pe Anorxro-rv oulroueuovro.g rourxpovo rous urroDpyous vo Un xpnorpolorov ornv nol,urrou xorotov of,rr,r pou cixvcr to npoorr-rn t<or vo rou xr Lo onioBro rou>. Tng ewoong xor ouoxtirpnong eixc Nn rn ef,,n<outore>, n nl,coon Xuxrvoov eixe Ncnquuxn enipoon ornv ef,erf,nrrrtv npoyporov. nponlmBei qrrrxnouznrnon xor upoxnon rou llo.ncryou emoxeq8ei rnv Ayyio. Ee pro npooncrBero Or crwrpnoerg vo ornv Knpo xopurpBnr<ov enpercrr rng eKrovoong rns Koroorcrong nou eixe nproupyn- pov ouoneipoon rou oouyupot on rnv E8vcrpxio,o 8ei, o EnvqgnpclOunoupyg vcr roi-Oooe Ueoo rou lloncryog ono<pooroe Eperto Kunprox orov OHE Ayyounpron LnvcurOupioLou npoypoLonoin- xor o Moxoprogvo ex8ei ug eronynoerg Kuprou ylo rou on rng ernoKrqJngpe rov po, clopeocr oro 01roro onorporou of,,roporrxourou enr,rxouorporo fbrrou elpoKelro vo ouznrn0ov, vcr nepropovrov rrlpyiou fpio, o onoiog on ro 1951eronyeirornv oxor ro Kunpror. Ee onovrnon o Ivrev rqiooe vomyn voung poong ornv Knpo. Hn on ro orov llonoyo u nmze vct rov oDvcrvrnoer AovMcrpuo rou 1953o Moxcrprogpozi pe oougvru<cr oto
48
H oyyrxn Kctr n crlreprKcvrNn ruotporicrcrvrepooov vrov ornv nproon yro ouznrnon rou KurlproKouorn fevrxn Euv),euonpe ro npoxntrrootr onoreonuoreef,eif,erE roropcroocv 8cr rnv evrnrcr rou NATO. Eror oug 14Auyouorou,nprv opxioer n ouzrunon, n cvurrpoocJrreiorng Necrg ZncrvicrE xoreOeoe rpnqropo, pe ro onoio poroirDoe ouorqnlore ouznrnon. Ero rpnqrropcr ovcrgeprcrv oxorvrrn u <n fevrxn Xuveleuon ouoqooizer vo Unv ef,erooernepcrrepo ro Belroun rov dro E<poppolm un rnv Aryicr ntv Hvorpvrov EBvcilvmg opxng iorov u<oropcttov xcrrouroroOeoeotg cxirv tnv uepitrcoorv rov g rou unOuo1rou vnoou Kupou>.O Neozncrvg rng owrupoonog Mov1n, lou xore0eoero rpnpropo, rxoroynoernv evpyerorou U rnv npqroon u ovnouxouoeyro rn roropof,,n emeivroontoo rtov xcrr envoperovrxv oo Kol rov envoroupxrxv oxeoeov enern ouorrouKo enpxelo yro npoon
To"Kofot rns
v0rK0KUps> pnopef eivor vo yro enrxivuvo Touq 0[0rxroxpfreg (Apleio fpoqeiou Tnou xorIl4porpoprdrv 14gKunploxlig A4poxporiog)
"t,it1; Kunpiougef,proroug ro 1981,EIoireg onorpool 1ij!:i.iitl.:ltllr:*,:*;: i! i:i:rt.;::ll;:::1:i': i;:i*1;;!'i"{i'i{.?iii. roug,eOvrxroreg xoBnynregllovemornlriou xcrr rxn*"1"i,",i,,, ;.ii{* i,*i;i:*ii:;,i?{ I:f$,{$i {:i}i , ypouggiougrou fetopyiou lpio, eixcv onoqooioei :::;.i1ri,!.ji:t:-i:!"il ornv ABnvo rn ouyxprnon UuorrKngopyovorng yxr t)i"i'ii,i',..t}i1q;:;,iitiilLf i:t,ii*;1I** x\:tilvl* rnv Evoon rng Kupou xor eixcnroer evunypoqo pxo.Ouorcrorxnenpxenoylo rn UUonKnopyovroon nou epqroviornKeorn ouvexrcr EMAK, E0vrx r,tg Metc,uo Aneeu0epoong Kupou, xor xorurv trrrt eo<prxng rexir<nong. Xopn orn poornpro [crpe]rEBvxn Opycrvotorg KuupiotvAyrovronitv, trOKA. crcnAyyrovNor Apeprxcrvdtv veoznovrxryn ro To u1xro oprmrx qrngrolrc eropo rrtrynetornKe. Au ug upreg npdlrpegeNei_ O llouoyog pe yyporprou, Ue npepopnvicr 16 veg ouzrunoetgroqrovnxeu ro xunprox oirnpo u.l954. Auyouorou znLnocon Lo ycvrx ypoUgclrocr froornprzcv n Eorerrxn Evoton rcrr or oegooorcrtou OHE vo eyypcrryerornv npepnorcr mrof,n rng l,rouxeg xpeg rng enoxns xcrr n Opocr rtov Aelevrxng Euveeuong Bepcr<Etpcrppoyn opsurov ev cvupouocnior urrxegxpeg rcrr yevrro uu rnv otyio rov Hvr,llrvorvtr8vv rnE crpxngrng rornxo or xcitpeg nou pioxovrmr r<orro crnoyyrxn n oBperovdg IoSrov rxoroporr,tvKor rng ouroroOeoeotg o- UprKovlKnuolrxn Kor orKovolrlKn emppon. rotv orporrtir4g ov 0rSrov unBuopv rng Knpou>.Xro unpvqro Orcv n onqrcronrng fevrNng Euveeuongeyrve no(tiper orepo floncryou clo<peprov u ro crirnpo unoorqv yv(Dorn ornv Knpo, f,eoncroov UcrxmKSron- 0n <Ex pepougrng Envrxng Kuepvnongr<oroo- oers rng veocricrg, ronrrtrg npoxcreocrv q8opeg exxo0opronxli rnpou rou EAnvrxouEBvoug>, oe xuepvnrrxn unnpeoio xor or oyyrxeE onpcrieg enlleip4o4 unoornprzrovpe oro nn8uolnoxo xcrr roroprrn ororxeio n envrr<rn- cvnprroynocrvorro rous roroE n1rorcov pouvti xupiov. Eug lrovropevo ro rng Knpou xor yrvrov ovcrqopcr oug euver- exnoergr,tv Envov qvrpoow yro nprn qro- r4g Knpou nppeveg crpvnoerg po ioro or Toupxoxunpror pe ronoerg xupii,_rE rng oyyrxng xupvnong vo ouzrunoelro Bepo pe xopu<pcrio. n),oon Xuorn euxooicr Kor pe Aenooiegenvrxr,rv xcuorn Krvooy xr,tpig<puorxo ucrpoeinerol n errronUov- ornporov uou pioxovrcrv ornv roDpKrKnouvorxiu. vo on rolv qrrrxv oxoetov rng trong Ue rnv O Mnxoprog emorptpovrog on rn Necrypxn, Ayyio. To oirnpcr rou orporopxn lloncryou uuonou eixe uopcrxoouBnoer epycroieg fevrxng ug rng otnprf,,e eronynrrx unpvnpo rng EBvopxicrgo pe Euveeuong, npoovnyyere ornv A0nvu oug 2 IoopxrernoKorrog Moxoprog, oro onoio efrrxerpouoe vouopiou 1955u <o oyv ers rnv Knpov Bo xcncrUrooDvroUnroroprKn Oepnon r<orcvopopn oro orn evrovrepog). Xrnv Knpo rov uuoexOnxnv KDrproKo npAnpo.ivovtogepeoon oro oxcrrxo rnBn crouexqrpozovrosrn oupuopooroon Kol rn Uernv rpoogopo rng Knpou on tnv Ayyio ornv Oenon roDe yro uvolnxrepoug oyrilveg. Au Lrg Eoo 1915,ornv ef,eyeponrou 1931,orn oup- noergMoxopiou oo xcrron cro to yeyovrcr non Knpou oro B'llcryxotrrrolle1ro oro rng Kor rcv nn qovep u n envrxn xunproxn nyeoio eievrLnrx nporpn<propcr 1g50. rou xe xoronf,er ornv emoyn rou evonouoyvo. I
rEN'K-yQaqm
BaRxnn DADLEY
Grivas - Portait of a Terrorist, The Cresset Press, ovivo 1959.
Apxrnnuronoy MAKAPToY r,
Anawa, rp. ', Ipulro ApxrenroxnouMoxopiou I, Aeuxooicr 1993.
AoppNr rrEPN.
Ad&q AAoyo. Exoerg Topoog, AeuKooro1978. MlxlovzaPr^Hx Knfng (1W1W), TTANATIOTHE, euraroio1985.
Bvpono;oxtrs w.,
Grivas and the Story of EOKA, Robert HaIe Limited, Aovivo 1959.
Bnaxor ArrtrAol,
Axa xlnwa Kvnptoxo, Bt tonoreiov <troriog>,ABnvo rng 1980. Mta iDolrt n va Katp vag An)Lapamg..., rolros A, fevrxg llpf, evog,Birour,ieiov rng <Eoricrgr, A0nvo.1986. fpRr NTENHE rEOPrroE, Anopvnpovepara Ayvog EOKA 195FtgS9, A0nvo 1984. Xpovtxv AyriwogEOKA 1955-1959, Aeuxtoolo1997.
Mnrrrror ^HMHTPHE,
Kpio4teg Opeg,BrAnncoeiov rng <Eoring>.
Gnawsuaw NANCY,
The Cyprus Revolt, George Allen & Unwln, ovivo 1978. FOINY CHARLES AND SCoBIE I. W., The Stuggle for Cyprus, Hoover Institution Hor,laNn RoBERT, Britain and the revolt in C5ryrus, 19il-1959.Oxford. ovivo 1998. O'uallpy BRENDAN AND
flanlrpoprroY rrrYPor,
AI{EA, ro Ao KKE, Exoerg<f. Acrro.g>, A8nvo 1984. An mv Zupixr etgrcv Aui),av, <f. rp. A, Exoerg Aoro>, A8nvo, 1980. Apxeiov tov llapavprov Eyyparpow tou Kvnptaxo Ayvog 195&1959, Exoerg trmpcrveiou, K. euxooicr 1984. <f. ZtipoS, Exoerg crro>. Kunpawi OeMa 1955-1959, Exoerg Erupcveiou. K. Ta Kpiotpa Ntoxoupwa rcu Kunpnxo (19591967),Exoerg crrcr, ABnvq 1983. Xappur NEoK^HE, HA ^nIIeuSn, rp. B, Brio A(1955-1963)Exoerg I, lpuUpn, A0nvo 1993.
Apoyuorsl MAKAPror,
EOKA, n ot<orcwi riqm,Eroxu, 1998. -H Tpopoxparia ev Kngm, To Hpepoytov tou Tpia, Kuepvnrx TunoypoqeioKnpou, L957.
InN cnarc,
The Cyprus Conspiracy,I.B. Tauris, Aovivo 1999.
Pnpss,
Stanford University, 1975.
Foor HUGH, A 9turtin trIeedom, Hodden and

Stoughton,Aovivo1984. -The Memoirs of Sir Anthony Eden FuIl Circle, Cassell,ovivo 1960.
KpRxluornr NrKox,
Awxoâ Xgnwa, Brronoeiov rng <Eoriog>, 1981. Ot Ataupypateinetg Moxapiou Xdpwtyx, Oxg, 1987.
Ln cnyr s. PHILTP,
O Maxapog otnv E{opia, Avoywnon, Aeuxooiq
Tzn,tnnnrN.n.,
To Kunptax xat ot Euvapreg tov, Exoerg Oepro, A0nvcr1965.
Aenpoo toxrrlAE EYATTEôI,

Iorcpia Xapvav Euxatptv (Kunptax,19ffi - L963), rp. A xnr B, Bronroeiov <Eoriog>, rng ABnvo 1982.
AoizmHr TABBAE,
Arunt Kqng, ENoerg Mnepyon, A0nvo 1980.
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O Ewaqnopog mg Evr'rcnq, Aeurcooio 1995. H Anoxemxn, Aeuxooio 1993.
Hyerrxo oree14 r4gAprmep9, pero{ rov onoitrlv A. or Ovr4g A. ror Zropri49, oe ruritrloq unep r4gEvtooqg

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Εφημ. "Ελευθεροτυπία, Ένθετο "Ιστορικά" Τ. 39

Εφημ. "Ελευθεροτυπία, Ένθετο "Ιστορικά" Τ. 39

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