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December 2005
E
UROPEAN
C
IVIL
A
VIATION
C
ONFERENCE
ECAC.CEAC Doc 293rd Edition
Report on Standard Method of ComputingNoise Contours around Civil Airports
Volume 1: Applications Guide
 
Doc 29, 3rd Edition: Volume 1 07/12/2005
 
FOREWORD
Previous guidance on aircraft noise contour modelling, ECAC-CEAC Doc 29, originallypublished in 1986, described ‘best practice’ methodology as it had been developed up to thattime. A revised 2nd Edition, released in 1997, introduced a number of additional features, butwithout changing the foundations. Much of the basic methodology - also described inguidance published by the Society of Automotive Engineers and the International CivilAviation Organisation - is still embodied in numerous national and international noise models.Apart from having been overtaken by actual technology improvements which have alreadybeen incorporated into some state-of-the-art models, Doc 29 2nd Edition, like the otherpublications, had two major limitations. Firstly it focused mainly on the algorithms that haveto be programmed into physical computer models; it contained little advice on the practicalapplication of the methodology. Secondly it provided none of the data that is an essentialcomponent of any real modelling system. Thus its practical value diminished with time: fornoise modelling specialists it became obsolescent while for potential users it was too narrowand too theoretical.This new guidance - which is split into two volumes
1
- attempts to overcome thoselimitations.
Volume 2
, designed principally for those who construct and maintain aircraftnoise contour models, replaces Doc 29 2nd Edition. Its contents represent internationallyagreed current best practice - as implemented in modern aircraft noise models. It does not lista computer code, but it does fully describe algorithms that can be programmed to create one.Changes to, and advances on, Doc 29 2nd Edition are identified for those who merely wish toupdate existing software. A major advance is that the recommended model links to acomprehensive international database website that provides the essential aircraft noise andperformance data required to implement it.
Volume 1
is principally for noise model users - firstly the aviation policymakers and plannerswho need noise contour maps to inform their decision making and, secondly, the technicalpractitioners including aviation and environmental advisers and consultants whose job it is toproduce the contours. Some of the latter will have backgrounds either in acoustics or inaircraft performance and operations, some will have both, some may have neither. The aimsof 
Volume 1
are to explain, as non-technically as possible, (1) the principles, applications andlimitations of aircraft noise contour modelling; (2) the modelling options and the precautionsnecessary to ensure that valid results are produced reliably and cost-effectively.
1
A third, on the subject of model validation, is planned.- ii -
 
Doc 29, 3rd Edition: Volume 1 07/12/2005
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword....................................................................................................................................iiTable of contents.......................................................................................................................iiiExplanation of terms and symbols...........................................................................................viiPART I INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................11 Scope of guidance...............................................................................................12 User needs: How this guidance is arranged........................................................3PART II PROBLEM DEFINITION..................................................................................73 Defining sound (noise) exposures in terms that relate to effects........................73.1 Noise effects.......................................................................................................73.2 Noise scales and levels, metrics and indices......................................................93.2.1 Noise scales: Frequency weighting....................................................................93.2.2 Noise metrics......................................................................................................93.2.3 Single event noise metrics................................................................................103.2.4 Cumulative noise metrics and indices..............................................................133.2.5 Relationships between sound exposure and community annoyance:Noise indices.....................................................................................................153.2.6 Practical noise impact assessment....................................................................193.2.7 Setting aircraft noise goals and limits...............................................................193.3 Noise measurement & monitoring....................................................................213.3.1 General..............................................................................................................213.3.2 Requirements....................................................................................................213.3.3 Noise Certification............................................................................................233.3.4 Special field measurements..............................................................................243.3.5 Airport noise monitoring..................................................................................244 Airport and aircraft operations and noise.........................................................274.1 General..............................................................................................................274.2 Air traffic control (ATC) constraints................................................................274.3 Departure procedures........................................................................................284.4 Reduced or flexible take-off thrust...................................................................294.5 Noise abatement operating procedures for departures......................................294.6 Arrival procedures............................................................................................294.7 Other factors.....................................................................................................304.8 Flight path definition........................................................................................30
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