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SCOPE During the GSM and UMTS network life cycle, radio network engineering is a very important challenge for the network operator. The network life is characterized by different phases, each requiring engineering activities: - Network design and coverage planning, - Network codes and neighbourhood planning, - Network installation, - Network operation, - Network optimisation, - Network extension planning. In particular network planning and optimisation are the key activities to provide a good Quality of Service (QoS) in the mobile network during its whole lifetime. Quality of Service is, beside the offered services itself, the differentiation criteria to satisfy the mobile network users. It avoids churn, attracts new subscribers and ensures optimal installed infrastructure. Alcatel provides tailored services in order to support operators in the radio network engineering activities. A set of powerful tools supports the network planning and optimisation tasks that are offered in these services.
Figure 1: Radio Network Life Cycle This Product Description gives a description of the radio network planning tool A9155 RNP supporting radio network planning activities for 2G and 3G networks.
Alcatel-Lucent
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
HISTORY............................................................................................................... 4 REFERENCES.......................................................................................................... 4 ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................... 4 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 6 1.1 1.2 2.1 A9155 Radio Network Planning tool - Overview.................................................... 6 Network Planning Process ............................................................................. 8 Architecture.............................................................................................11 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.2 2.3 A9155 RNP Configurations ..................................................................12 Hardware Requirements.....................................................................13
Working Environment Integration in Evolium Toolchain .....................................14 Software Configuration................................................................................15 2.3.1 2.3.2 Architecture ...................................................................................15 Supported Data ...............................................................................15
3. FEATURES HIGHLIGHTS ........................................................................................21 3.1 General Features .......................................................................................21 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 3.2 3.3 Advanced Network Design Features .......................................................21 Open And Flexible Architecture............................................................21 State Of The Art GIS Features..............................................................21 Intuitive and concise User Interface ......................................................22
4. CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................27
Alcatel-Lucent
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HISTORY
Edition 5 Edition 6 Applicable to A9155 V6.3 Applicable to A9155 V6.4 Update, taking into account the support of HSDPA and CDMA2000. Update of supported database versions (2.1.2).
REFERENCES
[1] [2] [3] [4] 3DC 21119 0001 TQZZA, EVOLIUM A9156 RNO Product Description 3DC 21076 0005 TQZZA, EVOLIUM A1353-RA OMC-R Product Description 3DC 21146 0054 TQZZA, EVOLIUM A1353-UR OMC-R Product Description 3DC 21144 0027 TQZZA, Radio Measurement Statistics (RMS) - including MAFA
ABBREVIATIONS
ACCO AFP API BBH BCC BSIC BSS CDMA CI COM CPICH CQI DECT DEM EDGE GIS GPRS GPS GSM HO HSDPA HSN LAC LAN MAIO Automatic Capacity and Coverage Optimisation Automatic Frequency Planning Application Programming Interface Base Band Hopping Base station Colour Code Base Station Identity Code Base Station System Code Division Multiple Access Cell Identity Component Object Model Common Pilot Channel Channel Quality Indicators Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication Digital Elevation Model Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution Graphical Information System General Packet Radio Service Global Positioning System Global System for Mobile communications Handover High Speed Downlink Packet Access Hopping Sequence Number Location Area Code Local Area Network Mobile Allocation Index Offset
Alcatel-Lucent
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MMI ODBC OMC-R PC QoS RAC RDBMS RF RMS RNO RNP SAC SFH TDMA TETRA TRX TSC UMTS UTRAN WAN W-CDMA WiMAX WLL
Man-Machine Interface Open DataBase Connectivity Operation and Maintenance Centre - Radio part Personal Computer Quality of Service Routing Area Code Relational DataBase Management System Radio Frequency Radio Measurement Statistics Radio Network Optimisation Radio Network Planning Service Area Code Synthesized Frequency Hopping Time Division Multiple Access Trans-European Trunked Radio System Transmitter and Receiver Training Sequence Code Universal Mobile Telecommunications System UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network Wide Area Network Wideband-CDMA Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Wireless Local Loop
Alcatel-Lucent
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Alcatel-Lucent
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A9155 RNP is more than an engineering tool, it is an open and flexible technical information system that easily integrates with other IT systems, increases productivity and shortens time to market. A9155 RNP runs under Windows 2000 or Windows XP and integrates seamlessly into the standard Windows and Office applications like Excel and Word. It supports standalone as well as multi-user networked configurations.
Figure 2: A9155 RNP in the Evolium GSM Toolchain A9155 RNP is offering some outstanding characteristics: - Very easy to use: a user oriented man-machine interface allows an intuitive usage of the tool without heavy training. The handling follows the principles of Microsoft office applications (shortcuts, tips and labels, context menus, ). - Powerful data exchange facilities: it is very fast and easy to import and export planning data via copy and paste between A9155 RNP and spreadsheet office applications. Data input/output is offered through dialogs and tables. Multi-user operation of A9155 RNP enables the planning teams to share planning data and is provided by database connection using ODBC technology. This allows connecting to any ODBC capable database like MS Access, Oracle, etc. This technology ensures the use of most database environments available within the operators IT infrastructure. - Support of all standard geo database formats: ArcView, MapInfo, Planet, Tiff, . - UMTS predictions: based on Monte Carlo simulations for detailed analysis or based on medium cell load for a quick analysis assure best planning results.
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- Multi-system planning: the tool allows a joint planning of GSM and UMTS networks, taking into account the mutual influences. This helps to plan and optimise multi-standard networks and intersystem handover between GSM and UMTS networks. - Multi-vendor capable: planning of non-Alcatel network parts is possible. A standard interface for data exchange with the associated network element managers is making the tool open. - Interface with Alcatel BSS and UTRAN OMC-Rs and optimisation tools: no additional efforts for interface adaptations are required in order to integrate the tools in the network planning process of the operator. The interface is maintained and synchronized with the UTRAN/BSS releases.
Network Synthesis
Field
Traffic + Channel Demand Channel-Separation-Matrix Frequency-Assignment
Measurement Evaluation
QoS-Verification
Alcatel-Lucent
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Traffic Model
Service Coverage Area in UL, DL and Effective Pilot E C/I 0 Soft HO Status ...
QoS Verification
Figure 4: Radio Network Planning Process (UMTS) All these radio network-planning activities can be carried out fast and efficiently with the help of A9155 RNP. The basic functions of A9155 RNP, for example the general MMI, the handling and presentation of cartographic data, the spreadsheet functionality and the database are provided to the network planner to perform a network synthesis. Calculations and the handling of their results are needed to perform a coverage analysis of networks. Calculation features for field-strength-prediction, coverage-probability-prediction, strongest-server-calculation and handover-zone-calculation are supplied for that purpose. For calibration of the A9155 RNP calculations (e.g. field-strength prediction) and for site verification, field measurements are necessary. These measurements can be performed with any air interface measurement product. A9155 RNP allows the evaluation of such field measurements. This includes the interfacing to measurement tools, the handling of measurement data and the presentation of the measurement data in cartographic and 2D plots. A9155 RNP allows preparing all the data necessary to apply the new or optimised radio network plan in the operational network. Parameters like LAC, CI, BCC, TSC, HSN and neighbourhood relationships are calculated and parameter files, including all BSS-parameters that shall be activated by the OMC-R operator in the BSS network, are generated. For UMTS parameters like scrambling code, LAC, RAC, SAC will be generated and provided to the OMC-R interface.
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A9155 RNP stores all the planning data (inputs, results, ...) in its relational-database-managementsystem. In addition to this, an optional interface to a commercial relational database system (e.g. MS Access, Oracle, Sybase, ...) is provided in order to represent the planning data of several users on the database-system and allowing a harmonized working in a multi user environment.
Alcatel-Lucent
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...
A9155 RNP A9155 RNP
A9155 RNP
Planning Areas 1, 2, 3
Multi-User DB
Figure 5: A9155 RNP multi-user configuration The multi-user capability of the A9155 RNP allows several users to work in parallel on the same planning project, i.e. to share the data. For that purpose, the workstations are connected through a (temporary) network link (LAN, WAN) with the central A9155 RNP file server. Each user works with his dedicated workstation and a copy of the central database, located on the file server. On user demand, the central database is updated through a synchronization procedure incorporating conflict resolution mechanism.
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Through the distributed computation feature of A9155 RNP it is possible to take advantage of all computation resources existing in the WAN/LAN network. Time consuming calculations can be carried out in parallel on different workstations or servers and/or different processors to gain maximum speed and performance from a given infrastructure. A computation task manager is checking available resources and distributes calculation tasks in an optimised way. All calculations are running in the background without interrupting user activities. 2.1.1 A9155 RNP Configurations A9155 RNP is a Windows application running on Windows 2000 or Windows XP. The A9155 RNP application software runs on the workstations (PC). For multi-user configurations a dedicated file server (PC) is required for a central database. The following configurations are supported: - Stand-alone configuration, - Small multi-user configuration, - Standard multi-user configuration, - Large multi-user configuration. Configuration Stand-alone Small multi-user Standard multiuser Large multi-user Work-stations 1 5 8 >8 File Server 1 1 Network size (Max. no. of sectors) 5000 1000 5000 > 5000
Table 1: A9155 RNP Configurations In the simplest configuration, A9155 RNP is used in stand-alone mode. The PC may be integrated in the company network or not. All A9155 RNP planning data is stored locally on the stand-alone workstation. Of course it is possible to have more than one stand-alone configuration within a company in parallel, but no network data is shared. Stand-alone configurations will be used in environments where there is only one user, or where each user works on a different project, which is not related to the projects of other users.
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When several users work on the same project, their installations need to communicate with each other and form a small multi-user environment. Like in the stand-alone configuration, each user will have one PC, but the projects are based on a central database, which can be located on one of the workstations or on a common network drive. As long as the synchronization traffic and the number of simultaneous users is low, the central database can be based on MS Access, located on one of the workstations, so that no additional software is required. When the number of users exceeds five, and there is considerable synchronization data traffic between the PCs (more than around 1000 sectors), a standard multi-user environment is recommended. This environment consists of one PC per user and a server PC that holds the central database (still MS Access, if all users are in the same building). A large multi-user environment for A9155 RNP is recommended, if - Latency times on the IP network are expected, as users are not all located in the same building and in the same IP subnet. - The planned network has more than around 5000 sectors. - There are more than around eight planners accessing the central database. In this case, the central database is no longer managed by MS Access, but by another RDBMS, like Oracle. 2.1.2 Hardware Requirements The recommended hardware configuration is as follows: Workstation CPU RAM Graphics adapter Screen Hard Disk Optical drive Interface for dongle Network adapter Pentium 4; 2 GHz 1024 MB 1280 x 1024 pixels, 16 bit (65535 colours) 19 inch 20 GB DVD writer USB or parallel Yes Table 2: Recommended Hardware Server Pentium 4; 2 GHz 1024 MB 1280 x 1024 pixels, 16 bit (65535 colours) 19 inch 20 GB useable on Raid System DVD writer USB or parallel Yes
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For multi-user environments, the installation of one of the following RDBMS is required: - Microsoft Access 97 (and all compatible versions) for configurations of few users in the same building - Microsoft SQL Server 2000 or 2003, - Oracle V8.1.7 or higher. - Sybase Adaptive Server V12 The RDBMS can be installed on a server on a local area network (switched 100 Mbit/s IP network recommended). The use of printers (A0, A4) and plotters is recommended.
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Figure 6: A9155 RNP Architecture This type of architecture provides many advantages, including: - Better evolution capabilities, as new modules can be implemented as external extensions, - Easier maintenance and better software quality, integration of proprietary or 3rd party modules through public APIs. 2.3.2 Supported Data A9155 RNP supports the following information: - Digital Elevation Models (down to 1m resolution), - Land use and clutter files (up to 255 classes), - Clutter heights maps, - 3D building data, - Traffic data,
Alcatel-Lucent
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- Scanned map, satellite and aerial shots, - Raster data of arbitrary kinds (population density, ) for statistics generation - Vector data. The Graphical Information System of A9155 RNP is optimised for RF planning applications: - A dynamic loading mechanism allows the support of large databases while keeping a high level of performance both for display and propagation calculation, - Geographic coordinates can be specified for each object, allowing to work with data, which have different geographic coverage, - Multi-resolution database are supported, allowing, for example, the integration of highresolution urban data - up to 1m resolution - into a medium-resolution regional or countrywide database. These features make very flexible the use of multiple layers of geographic data: layers can be used directly with their original resolution and coverage without re-sampling neither re-sizing, as shown in the example below:
Figure 7: Multiple layers of geographic data A9155 RNP supports 16 bits Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data. Each DEM is a georeferenced matrix which contains altitudes in meters. In a multi-resolution configuration, the user can specify the priority of each DEM file. If a point is covered by several DEM files, A9155 RNP will use the DEM file with the highest priority level.
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2.3.2.1 Clutter Data A9155 RNP supports 8-bit-colour-coded clutter files (up to 255 classes).
Figure 8: Clutter properties display Each clutter class represents a type of land usage and can be assigned an average height, and additional parameters relevant to propagation modelling.
Figure 9: Clutter parameters (GSM, UMTS) These propagation parameters are defined for each propagation model, allowing the user to use several propagation models in the same project. The following example displays an example of parameters for the standard propagation model:
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Figure 10: Propagation model properties Like for DEM data, multi-layered clutter information are supported with the same priority mechanism. 2.3.2.2 Traffic Data A9155 RNP supports 8-bit-colour-coded traffic files (up to 255 traffic classes). The traffic layer can be initialised from external information, or from the clutter. Clutter and traffic are then managed as separate layers.
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Each traffic class represents a density of traffic in Erlangs/km. For UMTS, the traffic layer is linked to a traffic database which models the mix of packet switched and circuit switched services. In this case, each class does not represent a traffic density in Erlangs/km, but a density of users and services. 2.3.2.3 Generic Raster Layer In addition to the standard raster layers (DEM, clutter, images...) A9155 RNP allows users to import and display additional raster layers (e.g. population files, income density maps, clutter heights, ...), which are then taken into account in statistical reports. 2.3.2.4 Vector Data A9155 RNP supports vector data such as: - multi-layered linear objects: roads, railways, airport, rivers..., - 2D polygons: vector 2G/3G traffic data, - 3D urban vector data, including building contours and heights. These objects are displayed as layers in the Map window, as shown in the following example:
Figure 12: 3D building data overlaid on a 1m resolution raster database The 3D vector data can be used with ray-tracing propagation models. 2.3.2.5 File Formats A9155 RNP can directly work with a number of file formats without conversion. Supported formats are: - raster data (DEM, clutter data, traffic data, scanned maps, population density): BIL, TIF, BMP, MSI Planet, raw binary files,
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- vector data: MSI Planet, DXF, MIF (Mapinfo), Arcview Shapefile, Istar, Erdas 2.3.2.6 Coordinate Systems A9155 RNP includes a world-wide coordinate system database, providing around 1000 coordinate systems. All standard coordinate systems are supported, as well as many regional or local systems. User defined coordinate systems can be added as well. A9155 RNP simultaneously works with two coordinate systems: - The main coordinate system which is the coordinate system of the geographic database, - The secondary coordinate system is used as the coordinate system for display and data input/output. All geographic coordinates are displayed and entered according to this coordinate system. If the selected secondary coordinate system is different from the main one, A9155 RNP makes a conversion between the main and the secondary coordinate system. This feature allows easy integration of external data such as survey data or GPS coordinates. The secondary coordinate system can be changed at any time by the user who can select a new coordinate system in the database. 2.3.2.7 The Cartography Editor The integrated cartography editor enables the creation and modification of traffic and clutter data. The user can create 2D polygons which are linked to a clutter or a traffic class. A raster picture can be used as background, on which clutter or traffic information are displayed as a transparent layer.
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Figure 13: Clutter edition The modifications can be stored as polygons or rasterised and integrated into a clutter or a traffic file. These modifications can be locally kept or integrated into a reference geographic database. 2.3.2.8 Export Facility A9155 RNP includes a number of export functions that allow the user to export radio planning data. For example, prediction studies may be exported in raster image formats -BIL, TIF, BMP- as well as in vector format MapInfo and Arcview -. All the network data can be exported to and imported from office applications such as Excel.
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3.1.4 Intuitive and concise User Interface In A9155 RNP the user interface is fully based on a context sensitive (you just see what you need) and thus highly intuitive layout. Fast and flexible data access optimised for different tasks is ensured by advanced filter, group and search functions. Data management is based on coupled tree-view, map-view, dialogue-view and table-view windows.
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Transmitter Repeater Subcell (TRX type) TRX - Lookup tables capitalizing entire expert knowledge for GPRS/EDGE predictions (Coding scheme, Throughput). - Users can extend the data model to adapt A9155 RNP to their planning process. - Modelling of arbitrary hierarchical cell layers. Data import and export - Given validated bi-directional network data interfaces to all versions of Alcatel BSS systems. - Fully integrated in Alcatel BSS tool suite (OMC, RNO, ). - Support of all major geodata and network data formats (antennas, site data, sector data, neighbours, ). - Flexible data import using copy/paste by full integration of Windows clipboard support. - Support of all major measurement data import formats. Prediction study results - Live path profile, reception level and interference situation display at cursor position. - Coverage level and probability prediction for best server or multi level. - Cell area prediction. - Multi-service area prediction. - Handover zone indication. - GPRS/EDGE coding scheme and throughput forecast. - Forecast of needed resources for circuit switched and packet switched services. - Display of critical areas in terms of interference. - Interference level prediction for various kinds of TRXs. Frequency planning features - Representation of all hierarchical cell structure layers of a network (Macro, Micro, Indoor, Concentric/UnderlayOverlay, ). - Support of various interference reduction technologies (BBH, SFH, ). - Consideration of discontinuous transmission, power control and traffic load. Frequency Usage Analysis Interfered Area Analysis Coverage by Transmitter
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- Customisable definition of optimisation targets via cost contribution values. - Various constraints from different sources: Interference prediction Measured interference (RMS) Topological constraints (co-cell, co-site, neighbours, exceptional pairs, ). - MAIO and HSN planning. - Radio Measurement Statistics (RMS) and Traffic Flow Measurement Based Frequency Assignment. BSS Data generation - Neighbour list calculation based on field strength and distance criteria. - Automatic BSIC planning. - LAC area planning. - Cell class based management of default BSS parameters. EGPRS Throughput Result
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UMTS service areas simulation - State of the art W-CDMA analysis with support of packet and circuit switched services. - Pilot reception (Ec/Nt analysis). - Service areas (Eb/Nt analysis). - Handoff areas analysis. - Network performance analysis (interference, saturation, cell load...). - HSDPA throughput and CQI prediction. Network audit and analysis - Base station load analysis. - Network load analysis. - Traffic analysis. UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimisation (ACCO) - The UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimisation module ACCO is an optional part of A9155 RNP. It can be used to optimise cell settings of UMTS networks. - ACCO considers optimisation parameters such as Antenna Tilt, Antenna Azimuth, Antenna Types and Pilot Power levels. The main optimisation targets that ACCO considers are: - Pilot Coverage (received CPICH). - Ec/Io (where the system load for the interference is directly used out of A9155 RNP). - System throughput (A9155 RNP traffic distribution is used). ACCO progress Handoff analysis
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4. CONCLUSION
A9155 RNP provides all the services required for an efficient network design and planning for GSM/GPRS/EDGE, UMTS/HSDPA and CDMA2000. Main advantages are: - Comprehensive RF planning environment, which includes advanced and proven network design features. - A9155 RNP is one of the most advanced 2G and 3G solutions on the market, thanks to Alcatel's strategic partnership with Forsk. - Runs on PCs under Windows 2000 and Windows XP. - User workstations without need for heavy database system in standalone or multi-user environments. Multi-user configurations are using standard RDBMS systems (MS Access, Oracle, SQL Server, Sybase) without the need of permanent connection with the user workstations. - Supports standard mapping data formats and directly interfaces with GIS tools. - Open and flexible architecture allows scalable configuration and customised module integration. - Flexible data interfaces allow an efficient import and export of network data (e.g. site lists, antenna lists, TRX lists, ) via .csv files or .txt files or simple copy & paste mechanism. Planning results and data can be exchanged with standard office applications. Moreover, A9155 RNP has all the required interfaces for an efficient connection to Alcatel Evolium UTRAN and BSS and benefits from features provided by these systems.
End of Document
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