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209
The Newman Guide

In compiling this guide, we researched all Catholic colleges and universities that provide undergraduate degrees. Clearly, a number of

them have fallen victim to secularization and
have chosen to minimize their Catholic iden-
tity. There also are those struggling to deter-
mine their direction. The Newman Guide to
Choosing a Catholic College focuses on those 21

institutions that have been exemplary in liv- ing their Catholic mission, and we are proud to recommend them.

The greatest challenge came in evaluat- ing the University of Notre Dame. For many people, Catholics and non-Catholics alike,

Notre Dame symbolizes Catholic higher edu-

cation. As we interviewed faculty, students and alumni, and as we researched the record of the university over the past 10 years, we alternated between excitement and discour- agement.

Clearly, the academic reputation of many of its colleges and departments as well its overall renown is a source of pride for its alumni and supporters. We also are impressed by the vi- brant spiritual life that comes at a time when most large Catholic universities have become

increasingly more secularized.

But there are issues, many of which have concerned us for some time, that prevent us from recommending Notre Dame. Overall,

these involve ma\ue005ers of \u201cacademic freedom\u201d
and speaker policies. Among speci\ue000c exam-
ples are a history of performances of The Va-
gina Monologues, homosexual programs and
faculty members who are critical of Church
teachings.

Fortunately, there are signs of improve- ment. Thanks to the concerns raised by Father John Jenkins, C.S.C., Notre Dame\u2019s president since 2005, The Vagina Monologues

\ue000nally moved o\ue002 campus in 2007. He also has

launched an initiative to strengthen Catholic hiring, which is sorely in need of strengthen- ing.

Ultimately, we decided that no guide to Catholic universities would be complete without discussing Notre Dame. For that rea- son, we are providing the same analysis that we presented for the preceding institutions,

highlighting the strengths and the signi\ue000cant
challenges, but without recommendation.

Notre Dame is not an anomaly among large Catholic universities. Most of them share a desire to move from their traditional

Catholic liberal arts moorings to a \ue000nancially
driven research university model that charac-
terizes secular institutions. Among its peers,
however, Notre Dame emerges at the top of
this group in terms of its Catholic identity.
For many Catholic students, a\ue005ending

Notre Dame is a dream come true. But we alert them and their parents that to thrive at Notre Dame requires a good Catholic forma- tion and the exercise of caution in their course selections and social life. And so, we are pro- viding a cautionary note.

Overview
The University of Notre Dame is the most
well-known Catholic university in the Unit-
What About Notre Dame?
What About Notre Dame?
210
The Newman Guide

ed States. Its impressive 128-year-old Golden Dome (with the Blessed Virgin Mary on top) has become a symbol of Catholic higher edu- cation.

Founded in 1842 by the Congregation of Holy Cross, Notre Dame achieved promi- nence in the 1920s as a result of its exception- al football teams coached by Knute Rockne.

Millions of Catholics became \u201csubway alum- ni\u201d who aspired to have their children a\ue005end the college and be part of the \u201cFighting Irish\u201d

tradition.
Today, Notre Dame consistently ranks
in the top tier of U.S. universities, certainly
helped by a he\ue004y $4.4 billion endowment, the
largest\u2014by far\u2014of any Catholic university.
In May 2007, the university began an unprec-
edented $1.5 billion \u201cSpirit of Notre Dame\u201d
capital campaign.

By all accounts, Notre Dame provides a broad-based, quality education. There are 59 bachelor\u2019s degree programs, and students have the opportunity to prepare for various professions. The university has eight colleges or schools.

The graduate school dates back to 1918
and was signi\ue000cantly strengthened by the
late John Cardinal O\u2019Hara when he was presi-
dent in the 1930s. The law school, established
in 1869, was the \ue000rst at a Catholic university
in the United States. There are a number of
other respected programs, including those in
architecture and at the Mendoza College of
Business. The list goes on. As one respected
faculty member said to us, \u201cNotre Dame is a
special place.\u201d
Governance

Father Edward Sorin, C.S.C., founded the uni- versity, and it remained under the control of the Congregation of the Holy Cross until 1967,

when governance shi\ue004ed. Today there is a 12-
member Fellows commi\ue005ee, evenly divided
between lay and religious members, which
controls the university.

The Fellows name the board of trustees, a group that is headed by former Qwest execu- tive Richard Notebaert. There are currently 56 members on the board.

This two-tiered structure, with the higher tier largely in the hands of the religious of the Congregation of the Holy Cross, is unusual among larger Catholic universities and pres- ents an opportunity to protect the Catholic interests of the institution.

The president must be a member of both the Congregation of the Holy Cross and the Fellows. Upon his election, the new president is not required to take an Oath of Fidelity to the Catholic Magisterium, although the presi- dent does have to make a commitment to the university\u2019s mission statement and its poli- cies.

The mission statement includes the fol-
lowing: \u201cThe University of Notre Dame is

a Catholic academic community of higher learning, animated from its origins by the Congregation of the Holy Cross. The Univer- sity is dedicated to the pursuit and sharing of truth for its own sake. As a Catholic uni- versity one of its distinctive goals is to pro- vide a forum where through free inquiry and open discussion the various lines of Catholic thought may intersect with all the forms of knowledge found in the arts, sciences, profes- sions, and every other area of human scholar-

ship creativity.\u201d
What About Notre Dame?
211
The Newman Guide
Public Identity
Concerns

There is no question about the academic rep- utation of this university. But for those con- cerned about faithfulness to Catholic teach- ing, the story at Notre Dame is sometimes mixed.

Father Edward Malloy, C.S.C., who re-
signed in 2005 a\ue004er 18 years as Notre Dame
president, said in 1994 that certain provi-
sions of Ex corde Ecclesiae were \u201co\ue002ensive to
the Catholic theological community.\u201d Fortu-

nately, his successor, Father Jenkins, endorses the principles of Ex corde Ecclesiae, and he has presented to the faculty reasons why a mis-

guided de\ue000nition of academic freedom needs
to be addressed at Catholic institutions.

Accordingly, many at Notre Dame and oth- ers, including alumni and bishops, hoped that Father Jenkins would forthrightly resolve em- barrassing contradictions to the university\u2019s

Catholic identity, such as the annual \u201cqueer \ue000lm festival\u201d and performances of the lewd and morally o\ue002ensive Vagina Monologues. Im-

provements are being made, but many alum- ni told us that they are frustrated by the slow pace.

For \ue000ve years, Father Malloy took no steps
to restrict campus performances of theMono -
logues play despite the criticism that it gen-
erated among the alumni and Fort Wayne-
South Bend Bishop John D\u2019Arcy, who called
the play \u201cantithetical to Catholic teaching on
human sexuality.\u201d By contrast, in 2006 Father

Jenkins publicly expressed concern about the content of the play and its variance with Catholic teaching, even while accepting the

\ue001awed argument that lewd entertainment is
protected by academic freedom.
Father Jenkins prevented ticket sales and
moved the play to a classroom, and by 2007
no academic department was willing to spon-
sor The Vagina Monologues, which was moved
o\ue002 campus. Future campus performances are

less likely than in previous years, but they are not forbidden by any clear standards of stu- dent or faculty conduct.

It is also hoped that Father Jenkins will curb invitations to campus speakers and hon- orees who clearly are in opposition to Church teaching. TheM o n ol og u e s\u2019 author, Eve Ensler, spoke in 2005. The following year, President Mary McAleese of Ireland, a critic of the Church, delivered a commencement address and received an honorary degree.

And in May 2007, University of Michigan president and biochemist Dr. Mary Sue Cole- man delivered the commencement address to the graduate school. She is a strong public supporter of embryonic stem-cell research.

In another con\ue001ict with Church teaching,
Notre Dame has embraced events promoted
by homosexuals even while withholding of-

\ue000cial recognition of a student homosexual club. One example is the annual \u201cqueer \ue000lm festival,\u201d which has featured dissident speak- ers and \ue000lms that celebrate a homosexual life-

style.
Father Jenkins has taken steps to reduce
the pro\ue000le of the \u201cqueer \ue000lm festival\u201d by
changing its name and requesting a more ac-
ademic approach to discussing the \ue000lms, but
the event still has an apparent goal of cele-
brating a homosexual \u201cculture\u201d that is hostile
to Catholic teaching.

While concerned about such moral con- tradictions on a prominent Catholic campus, we acknowledge the many challenges that face Father Jenkins as he seeks to strengthen Notre Dame\u2019s Catholic identity. We are im- pressed by his pronouncements on Catholic

identity and are hopeful that as he solidi\ue000es
his in\ue001uence, questionable activities will be
curbed.
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