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A Journey into the Deaf-World
Chapter Four
Form & Function in ASL
What is the importance of facial expressions? They give
information on how the sentence is organized.
Facial information occurring at the same time as the signs
conveys what? Adverbs
What are some other examples of facial grammar?wh words where you
lower you eyebrows
Topics are marked by characteristic ___________ expressions.
* Facial
What does marking a topic mean??
How do sign languages naturally take advantage of spatial
reasoning to convey messages?
How does an ASL speaker associate a location with a referent?
They can gaze in the direction of a location while making the
chosen sign.
When using ASL, why is it necessary to move the subject location
to the object location?
Does ASL use pronouns? Yes
What are ASL's rich system of pronouns called? Claassifiers
ASL pronouns are concerned with what two things? Shape and size
What are some differences in English pronouns and ASL pronouns?
English pronouns are gender pacific and noun classification, ASL
focus on shape and size.
How are WH-word questions expressed in ASL? The lowering of the
eyebrows and a frown.
Who's perspective does one sign from? there own
As with spoken languages, each signed language has its own
particular inventory of what? Rules
ASL is not at all unique in having rules to convey roles in what
categories (Many spoken languages have them)? Timing and
distrubution, and gramitcal categories.
Deaf people remember written words in what two ways?

What is the rule in ASL if both hands are moving for a Sign? The
handshapes, locations, and movements of the two hands must be the
same.
What is verb-agreement? Assigning roles to poeple and things in
snetences.
What is a classifier? a pronoun
What are two ways to change view points in ASL?
In the Weschler Intelligence test which section do Deaf children
normally score higher than hearing children? The Block design
subtest.
What is an ABC story? A 26 sign narrative in which each sign
includes a handshape in the manual alphabet in order.
Do ASL sentences have subject-verb- object syntax? not all but
they show up often.
Which category of learners (native, early, late) has a problem wi
th both verb agreement and errors with
classifiers? Late learnes
In which direction do most signs that have to do with positively
valued things move?
How do most users of ASL describe an area? they point to a space
and then sign the needed signs
What ASL technique can be used as a pronoun, or a change in the s
peaker's role? Eye-gazing
ASL does not have any signs made in the armpit. What foreign sign
language does?
Japaneses
What is unique about deaf poetry? The range of formal devices
With role shifting, the signer is assuming what?
Uninflected, durational, exhaustive. What are these examples of?
signs
Besides the actual signing, what aspect of ASL is vital to the la
nguage? eye gazing
Deaf people often describe themselves to be very _____ people
The grammatical rules of ASL can be broken for what kind of effe
ct?

If a story were to be told in both ASL and in spoken English, whi

ch version would be longer? The ASL version would be a little bit
longer.
If eye gaze is part of your language/culture, what messages are c
onveyed if that eye gaze is broken? That the spaeker's role is
changed
What are some uses of space in ASL? Toe refer and to map
Who are considered 'native ASL' speakers? Born deaf to deaf
parents.
What is one reason why late learner studies of ASL are at a notic
eable disadvantage? They are not experienced with the language
opposed to native and early learners. The rules in ASL like verb
agreement they have not mastered as of yet.
What plays a critical role in taking turns to speak? eye gazing
What did neurolinguist Helen Neville use to study brains of Deaf
people? She looked at electroencephalogram
Like poetry, what is "frequently creative with the form of its la
nguage"? ASL
Name some examples of agreement verbs. Give,name, preach, ask,
and mock.
What are classifiers and why are they used? pronouns they are
used to
What are some ways in ASL to indicate "viewpoint"? Changes in eye
gazes and head posistion.
Name 3 categories of humor in signed language. Funny
story,caricaturizing of animals or people, and creation of absurd
images.
Where does the grammar of ASL require verbs to move from and into
the of the object location? You have to have an object to the
verb to go to.
What is unique about the verb inflections within ASL?The
inflections involve changes in the way the verb moves through
space, rather than suffixes or prefixes that extend the basic
verb.
Because of iconicity, the meaning of a sign may not often be
transparent, but it may be ________? Translucent

What are some ways in which Deaf remember English words? Remember
the word by their printed shapes or translating them in ASL or
even
What roles do eye-gazes have? Marking the subject of a
cluase,signal a change in the speaker's role, modify the meaning
of signs performed at the smae time.
Why are the meanings of many signs not considered to be
transparent? ASL signs incorporate elements that are
representational to some extent
Why are ASL speakers skillful at generating and transforming
mental images? They usr this skill everyday in regular
conversations.
Where do ASL speakers focus their eyes when having an ASL convers
ation? To know when they are ble to sign.
Who is Mary Beth Miller? Founder of the New York Deaf Theatre
Why are inflections used in ASL? They include the changes in the
way the verb moves through space.
What is verb agreement?
How would you sign conflicting feelings? Signing with both hands
and using the eye-gazing skills.
Language difficulties traceable to brain damage are called what?
aphasias
What is the meaning of signing "understand" with the pinky instea
d of the index finger?
Why is the Giant deaf joke only funny if it's signed? The sign
marry is to crush your hands togather in which is where the girl
is one.
People in the Deaf World are more "what" than hearing people?
What do movements do in ASL for conversation purposes? Change in
point of view.
What do classifiers represent in ASL? Pronouns
What is the most important force that binds members to the DeafWorld?
Compare how English and ASL convey point of view shifts.
How does one take advantage of the space around them when signing

certain verbs?
Why cant one sign some sentences in the order they are spoken in
English? ASL is not english therefore signing the an equivalent
english would not make sense.
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