PART VI TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

PROJECT: Evangelista Steel Bridge LOCATION: Barangay IX, Lucena City

1. General Condition: The work to be executed under this contract shall include the finishing for of the all materials, of labor the and equipment, Steel

necessary

construction

Evangelista

Bridge, as shown in the plan incorporated herein. All parts of the construction shall be finished with first class workmanship to the fullest talent and meaning of the plans and their specifications, and to the entire

satisfaction of the engineer. The contractor shall provide field office for the

Engineering staff, and an area to be used for the storage of materials and equipment. The contractor shall at all times during the progress of the contract provide for the use of engines, equipment, instruments and apparatuses necessary for the construction of the project.

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1.0 SPECIFICATIONS 1.1 All works shall comply with the DPWH Standard Specifications Airports, Special specifications Provisions and for Highways, Bridges and

1995 Edition, Volume 11, supplemental project.

pertaining to this

2.0 DIMENSIONS 2.1 Distance between horizontal control points are measured and expressed in meters. 2.2 Unless otherwise specified, dimension of typical roadway bridges sections, pipes and box culverts,

and other structures including details are measured and expressed in millimeters.

2.3

All other Dimensions are expressed in meters.

3.0 STATIONING 3.1 The road stationing and elements of horizontal and vertical curves shown on the plans are reckoned from the roadway centerline. 3.2 Stationing of the bridges, RCPC and other structures are reckoned from the stationing of the roadway centerline shown on the plan.

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4.0 HORIZONTAL CONTROL 4.1 Azimuths and distances of roadway centerline were calculated based on the grip coordinates of control points.

5.0 VERTICAL CONTROL 5.1 Elevations were based on the elevation control points.

6.0 ELEVATIONS AND GRADES 6.1 Finished grade elevation shown on road and

profile sheets refers.

7.0 DRAINAGE STRUCTURE 7.1 Exact locations, slopes, outfalls and invert

elevations of drainage structures shall be checked in the field, adjustments maybe made to approval of 7.2 Existing suit actual field conditions with the the engineer. drainage structures or parts thereof

removed by the contractor which are still serviceable place the project shall be deposited at a

designated by the engineer within site without any compensation,

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extreme exercised by the contractor these materials during handling.

precautions

shall

be

so as not to damage removal and

8.0 MISCELLANEOUS STRUCTURES 8.1 Location and length of slope protections, guardrails, and contractor the approval other to stone masonry maybe retaining adjusted by walls the with

structures suit

actual

field

conditions

of the engineer.

9.0 CONCRETE 9.1 Concrete strength by class

CLASS

28 DAY CYLINDER STRENGTH MPa PSI 3000 2400 3000 5000 1400

MAX. SIZE OF COARSE AGGREGATE mm (in) 38 (1-1/2) 50 (2) 12.7 (1/2) 19 (3/4)

A B C P LEAN

20.7 16.5 20.7 37.7 9.9

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10. 0 REINFORCING STEEL 10.1 The contractor shall submit shop drawings to the engineers for approval prior to fabrication, shop and drawings should show details for fabrication for placing reinforcing steel, only those necessary the steel bending details may are for the proper on location of

required

the

drawings,

be shown on a separate sheet.

10.2 No more than one bar in three shall be splices at the same section unless otherwise shown splicing shall be kept to a minimum and should be staggered and lapped not less than 40 bar drawing, where bars do not 12.4, the splices as detailed diameter unless otherwise shown on

the clear distance between lapped meet the requirements in item

contractor shall used cranked below.

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10.3 Bar shall be bent cold. No bar partially embedded in concrete shall be field bent, unless shown on the drawing or especially permitted by the engineer, hooks shall be fabricated as shown drawing minimum below unless otherwise indicated on the bar shall be bent around a pin with a diameter (D).

Size of 90 Degree and 180 Degree Hooks

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Pin Diameter

D = 6d for 10mm diameter THRU 25 mm diameter D = 8d for 30 mm THRU 36 mm diameter

10.4 Unless otherwise shown on the drawings. The clear distance between parallel bar shall not be less than the nominal diameter of the of the more layers shall directly above layer. 10.5 Except otherwise shown on the drawings, minimum concrete cover shall be provided for reinforcement as follows: Minimum Clear Cover, mm (in) Concrete in a marine environment or concrete cast against and permanently exposed to earth. Concrete exposed to earth or weather primary reinforcement stirrups, ties and 50 (2) 75 (3) bars nor 1 1/3 times the maximum size the coarse or aggregate is reinforcement placed in two in or

beams

girder

layers. The clear distance between not be less than in 25 mm the or one

those

bottom

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spiral. Concrete exposed to weather or in contact with ground primary reinforcement stirrups, ties and spiral. Concrete deck slabs primary reinforcement stirrups, ties and spiral.

40 (1-1/2) 75 (3) 25 (1) 50 (2) 26 (1)

10.6 Unless

otherwise

stated

on

the

drawings

all

reinforcing steel bars shall be intermediate grade ( Grade 40) with Fy = 275 MPa (40,000 psi).

ITEM 100: Clearing and Grubbing 100.1 Description This removing item shall consist of clearing, grubbing, disposing all vegetable and debris

and

designated in the contract, except those objects that are designated to remain in place. The work shall also

include the preservation from injury or defacement of all objects designated to remain.

ITEM 103: Structure Excavation

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103.1 Description This item shall include the necessary excavation for the foundation of the bridge. It shall also include the necessary construction of cofferdams and cribs and furnishing the materials therefore, and the subsequent removal of crisis and cofferdams and the placing of all necessary backfill.

103.22 Excavation In general, the contractor shall notify the

engineer sufficiently in advance of the beginning of any excavation so that cross-sectional elevations and

measurements may be taken on the undisturbed ground. The natural ground adjacent to the structure shall not be disturbed without permission of the engineer.

ITEM 104: Embankment 104.2 Material Requirements Embankment shall be constructed of suitable

materials in consonance with the following definitions: 1. Suitable material materials which is

acceptable in accordance with the contract and which can be compacted in the manner

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specified

in

this

item.

It

can

be

common

material or rock. 2. Unsuitable materials material other than suitable material such as: a) Materials containing determinable

quantities of organic material, such as grass, roots, and sewage. b) Highly organic soil such as peat muck. c) Soils with liquid limit exceeding 80 and

and/or plasticity index exceeding 55. d) Soils with natural water content

exceeding 100%. e) Soils with very low natural density,

800 kg/cm3 or lower. f) Soils that can not be properly

compacted as determined by the engineer. 104.3 Construction Requirements 104.3.1 General Prior necessary have been to construction and grubbing Embankment of in embankment, that area all shall shall

clearing

performed.

construction

consist of constructing roadway embankments, including preparation of the areas upon which they are to be

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placed; the construction of dikes within or adjacent to the roadway; the racing and compacting of approved material materials within has the been roadway removed; areas and where the unsuitable and

placing

compacting of embankment materials in holes, pits and other depressions within the roadway area.

ITEM 200 Aggregate Sub base Course 200.2 Material Requirements Aggregate for sub base shall consist of hard,

durable particles or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed or natural gravel and filler of natural or sand or other finely divided mineral matter. The

composite material shall be free from vegetable matter and lumps or balls of clay, and shall be of such nature that it can be compacted readily to form a firm, stable sub base. 200.3 Construction Requirements 200.3.2 Placing The Aggregate sub base material shall be

placed as uniform mixture on a prepared sub grade in quantity which will provide the required compacted

thickness. The placing of material shall begin at the point designated by the engineer.

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200.3.3 Spreading and compacting When uniformly mixed, the mixture shall be spread to the plan thickness, for compaction. Where the required thickness is 200mm or

less, the material may be spread and compacted in one layer. Where the required thickness is more than 200mm, the aggregate sub base shall be spread and compacted in two or more layers of approximately equal thickness, and the maximum compacted thickness of any one layer shall not exceed 200mm. All subsequent layers shall be spread and compacted in a similar manner.

ITEM 201 Aggregate Base Course 201.2 Material Requirements Aggregate for base course shall consist of hard, durable, crushed particles or natural of fragments and of crushed of slag or or

gravel

filler

natural

crushed sand or

other finely divided mineral matter. The

composite material shall be from vegetable matter and lumps or balls and clay, and shall be of such nature that it can be compacted readily to form a firm, stable base. 201.3 Construction Requirements 201. 3 .2 Placing

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It

shall

be

in

accordance

with

all

the

requirements of subsection 200.3.3, except that the field density percent required of the of each layer dry is not less than 100 in

maximum

density

determined

accordance with AASHTO T180 method D. The field density is determined in accordance with AASHTO T 191.

ITEM 305 Bituminous Penetration Macadam Pavements 305.2 Material Requirements 305.2.2 Bituminous Material The bituminous material shall be asphalt,

cement, rapid curing (RC), cut back asphalt or emulsified asphalt. It shall conform to the requirements of item 702, bituminous materials. 305.2.3 Aggregate The aggregate shall be crushed stone, crushed clean, slag tough, or crushed gravel and shall from consist excess of of

durable

fragments,

free

flat, soft or disintegrated pieces and free from stone coated with dirt or other objectionable matter. Natural gravel may be used for cover material. 305. 3 Construction Requirements 305 .3.1 Weather Limitations

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Application of bituminous material shall be made only when the aggregate is dry and the atmosphere temperature in the shade is 15 C or above and when the weather is not foggy or rainy. 305.3.2 Equipment The equipment to be used shall include hand or power operated brooms, shovels, rakes, self powered bituminous material distributors or hand or power-

operated spray pumps, broom dragging equipment and selfpowered rollers. A sufficient number of stiff-fiber or steel bristle push brooms shall be included. Application of bituminous by means of other than a pressure spray will not be approved and the equipment used shall be of such nature that the temperature of application of the bituminous material can be accurately controlled within the limits specified and such that the rates of

application can be accurately controlled. The rollers shall be self-propelled steel wheel, vibratory or pneumatic type. The number and weight of rollers shall be dependent on the type of soil to be compacted. So as the sufficient number of roller passing to compact the layer to the required condition will

depend on the soil condition. Minimum number of roller passing to a soil must be fifteen (15) times per hour.

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305. Layers

3.4

Spreading and Compacting of Aggregate

The type of aggregate required in the order of spreading shall be placed in the required amount of approved aggregate spreaders, or by the approved

mechanical methods. All area with non-uniformly graded aggregate shall be removed and replaced with suitable materials before the rolling and replaced with suitable materials before the rolling begins. These corrections shall shall be be made by handpicking, after whenever necessary until and the

continued

initial

rolling

appearance and texture of the aggregate are uniform and all irregularities are corrected. The aggregate shall be dry-rolled until it is compacted and keyed. The compacted aggregate shall have a firm and even surface. Each layer of the aggregate shall be so that the bituminous material is covered

before wheels or tracks pass over it. 305.3.5 Application of bituminous Material The bituminous material shall be uniformly applied at the rate specified. Building paper shall be placed over the end of the previous application and the joining application shall start on the building paper. Building paper so used shall be removed and disposed off

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in a satisfactorily manner. During the application of the bituminous material, care shall be taken to prevent

spattering of adjacent pavements, structures and trees.

ITEM 401 Railings 401.1 Description This item shall consist of furnishing or

fabricating and/or placing railings for bridges of the material or combination of materials shown on the plans, constructed in reasonably close conformity with this

specification and to the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the plans. 401.2 Material Requirement 401.2.1 Concrete It shall conform to the applicable

requirements prescribed in item 405, structural concrete. 401.2.3 Reinforcing Steel It shall conform to the requirements of item 710, reinforcing steel and wire rope. 401.23 Steel Structural steel consists of steel and iron plates. Shapes, pipes, fittings and casting shall conform to the requirements of item 403, metal structures. 401.3 Construction Requirement

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401.3.1 General Railing shall be constructed to the

lines and grades shown on the plans and shall not reflect any unevenness in the structure. Rail elements shall be erected according to plans in a manner resulting in

smooth, continuous installation with laps in direction of traffic flow. All bolts except adjustment bolts shall be drawn tight. Bolts shall be sufficient of length to

extend beyond the nuts by more than 25mm. 401.3.3 Concrete Railing The portion of the railing or parapet which is to be cast-in-place shall be constructed in

accordance with the requirements of item 405, structural concrete.

ITEM 403 Metal Structures 403.1 Description This work shall consist of steel structures and the steel structures portion of the composite structures, constructed in reasonably close conformity with lines, grades and dimension shown on the plans or established by the engineer. Structural metal will include structural

136

steel, rivet, special and alloy steels, steel forgings, and castings. 403.3 Construction Requirements 403.3.1 Inspection The contractor shall give the engineer at

least 15 days notice prior to the beginning of work at the mill or shop, so that the required inspection may be made. The term mill means any rolling mill shop or foundry where material for the work is to be manufactured or fabricated. No material shall be fabricated until said inspection has been provided. 403.3.3 Fabrication These specifications apply to riveted,

bolted and welded construction. Workmanship and finish shall be in accordance with the best general practice in modern bridge shops. Portions of the work exposed to view shall be finished neatly. 403.3.12 Erection In general, the contractor shall provide the falsework and all tools, machinery and appliances,

including drift pins and fitting-up-bolts, necessary for the expeditions handling of the work and shall erect the metal work and do all work necessary to complete the

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structure as required by the contract and in accordance with the plans and these specifications. ITEM 404 Reinforcing Steel 404.1 Description This item shall consist of furnishing, bending, fabricating and placing of steel reinforcement of the type, size, shape and grade required in accordance with this specification and in conformity with the

requirements shown on the plans or as directed by the requirements shown on the plans or as directed by the engineer. 404.2 Material requirements Reinforcing steel shall meet the requirements of item 710, reinforcing steel and wire rope. 404.3 Construction Requirements 404.3.1 Bending All reinforcing bars requiring bending shall be cold-bent to the shapes shown on the plans or required by the engineer. Bars shall be bent around a circular pin having the following diameters (D) in relation to the diameter of the bar (d). Nominal Diameter d.mm 10 to 20 6 d Pin Diameter (D)

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25 to 28 32 and greater

8 d 10 d

Bends and hooks in stirrups may be bent to the diameter of the principal bar enclosed therein. 404.3.4 Placing and Fastening All steel reinforcement shall be accurately placed in the position shown on the plans or required by the engineer and firmly held there during the placing and setting of the concrete. Bars shall be tied at all

intersections except where spacing is less than 300mm in each direction, in which case, alternate intersections shall be tied. Ties shall be fastened on the inside.

ITEM 405

Structural Concrete

405.1.1 Scope This item shall consist of furnishing,

placing and in accordance with this specifications and conforming to the lines, grades, and dimensions shown on the plans. Concrete shall consist of a mixture of

Portland admixtures

cement, when

fine

aggregate; and

coarse

aggregate, in the

specified,

water

mixed

proportions specified or approved by the engineer. 405.1.2 Class of Concrete

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Class AA and Class A shall be used in all superstructures and heavily reinforced substructures respectively. included are The important parts of the structure abutments,

slabs,

columns,

reinforced

retaining walls, reinforced footings, precast piles and cribbing.

405.2 Material Requirement 405.2.1 Portland Cement It shall conform to the applicable

requirements of item 700, hydraulic cement only type I Portland cement shall be used unless otherwise provided for in the special provisions. 405.2.2 Fine Aggregate It screening or shall other or consist inert of natural sand, with stone

materials thereof,

similar hard,

characteristics,

combinations

having

strong and durable particles approved by the engineer.

405.2.3 Coarse Aggregate

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It shall consist of crushed stone, gravel, blast furnace slag or other approved inert materials of similar characteristics, or combinations thereof, having hard, strong, durable pieces, and free from any adherent coatings. 405.2.4 Water Water designated free of used in shall acid, mixing, be curing or other and

applications oil, salt,

reasonably grass

clean or

alkali,

other

substances injuring to the finished product. 405. Reinforcing Steel It shall conform to the requirements of item 710, reinforcing steel and wire rope.

ITEM 407 Concrete Structures 407.1 Description This item shall consist of the general

description of the materials, equipment, workmanship and construction requirements of concrete structures and the concrete portions of composite structures conforming to the alignment, on the grades, plans design, and in dimensions accordance and details the

shown

with

specifications for piles, reinforcing steel, structural

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steel,

structural

concrete

and

other

items

which

constitute the completed structure. 407.3.1 Handling and placing Concrete: General Concrete shall not be placed until forms and reinforcing steel have been checked and approved by the engineer. In preparation for the placing of concrete all sawdust, ships and other construction debris and

extraneous matter shall be removed from inside the form work, struts, stays and braces, serving temporarily to hold the forms in correct shape and alignment, pending the placing of concrete shall be at their locations. removed These the

temporary

members

entirely

from

forms and not buried in concrete. The concrete shall be placed as nearly as possible to its final position and the use of vibrators for moving of the mass of fresh concrete shall not be permitted. 407.3.2 Compaction of Concrete Concrete during and immediately after

placing shall be thoroughly compacted. The concrete in beams, walls, columns, and the like shall be placed in horizontal layers more than 30cm thick. Each layer of the concrete shall be compacted so as to avoid the formation

142

of

construction

joint

with

preceding

layer.

The

compaction shall be done by mechanical vibration. 407.3.5 Casting Slabs Concrete slab spans shall be placed in one continuous operation for each span.

407.3.8 Curing of Concrete All newly placed concrete shall be cured in accordance with these specifications. The concrete shall be kept continuously wet by the application of water for a minimum period of 7 days after the concrete has been placed. The entire surface of concrete shall be kept damp by applying water with an atomizing nozzle. Cotton mats, rugs, carpets, or earth or sand blankets may be used to retain period the the moisture. concrete At the expiration shall be of the curing of the

surface

cleared

curing medium.

ITEM 408 Steel Bridges 408. 2 Materials All materials shall conform to the detailed

requirements specified for the component parts of a steel bridge. Where special materials are required, they shall be shown on the plans or in the special provisions.

143

408.3 Construction Requirements 408.3.1 Organization and Equipment During contractor shall the have progress a of the work, foreman erection, the or in

component in steel

superintendent,

experienced

personal charge of work. Before starting work, the contractor shall inform the to engineer follow as and to the method of erection character he of

proposes

the

amount

and

equipment he proposes to use, which shall be subject to the approval of the engineer. Erection diagram shall be approved by the director, bureau of design. 408.3.2 Handling and Storing Materials Steel and timber shall be placed on skids

above the ground and shall be kept clean. The underlying ground shall be kept free from vegetation and properly drained. Girders and beams shall be placed upright and shored. Long members, such as columns and chords shall be supported on skids placed close enough together to

prevent injury by deflection. The contractor shall be responsible for the loss of any material, which has been paid by the bureau, while it is in his care, or for any damage, resulting from his work.

144

408.3.3 Erection The contractor shall furnish and place all falsework, erect all metal work, remove the temporary construction and do all work required to complete the structure machinery, as and covered by the contract all tools, and

appliances

including

drift

pins

fitting up bolts necessary for the expeditious handling of the work shall be provided by the contractor. The parts shall be accurately assembled as shown on the plans and any match marks shall be followed. No hammering shall be done that will in any way injure or damage a member. 408.3.8 Bolted Connections In bolted connections, the nut shall be

drawn up tight and set by center punching the threads of the bolt at the face of the nut. 408.3.11 Anchor bolts shall be placed as provided

under item 407, concrete structures or as shown on the plans. 408.3.12 Shoes and bearings shall not be placed on bridge seat bearing areas that are improvably finished or

145

that are deformed or irregular. They shall be set level in exact position and elevation and shall have full even bearing. 408.3.14 Placing Concrete On steel spans, the concrete floor shall not be placed until the spans has been swung or released from the falsework. The concrete shall be placed symmetrically on the span beginning at the center and working

simultaneously towards each end or beginning at the ends and working simultaneously towards the center. In either case, the concrete shall be placed continuously between construction joints designated on the plans or approved in writing by the engineer. Concrete shall be cured as specified under item 407, concrete structures. 408.3.16 Field Inspection All materials and work of erection shall be subject to the inspection of the engineer. Materials and workmanship not previously inspected will be inspected after its delivery to the site of the work.

ITEM 504 RIPRAP AND GROUTED RIPRAP 504.1 Description

146

This item shall consist of the furnishings and placing of riprap in accordance with this specification and to the lines and grades and dimensions shown on the plans. 504.2 Material Requirements 504.2.1 Stones Stones for riprap shall consist of rock as nearly rectangular section as practical, except that

riprap of class A may consist of natural stones. The stones shall be sound, tough, durable, dense, resistant to the action of air and water, and suitable in all respect for the purposes intended. 504.2.3 Mortar Mortar for grounded riprap shall consist of sand, cement and water conforming to the requirements given under item 405, structural concrete, mixed in the proportion of one part cement to three parts sand by volume, and sufficient water to produce a thick but fluid mortar. 504.3 Construction Requirements 504.3.1 Excavation The bed for riprap shall be excavated to the required depth of one (1) meter and properly compacted, trimmed and shaped.

147

504.3.2 Placing Stones placed below the water line shall be distributed so that the minimum thickness of the riprap is not less than that specified. Stones above the water line shall be placed by hand or individually by machines.

PART VII COST ESTIMATE Estimate Process Suggested Procedures in Estimating Steel Bar Reinforcement 1. The main reinforcement of post, column, beam, girder and the like structures are determined by the simple direct counting method that is by counting the number of main vertical reinforcement on one structure then multiplied by the total number of the same type or category in the plan. 2. Do not forget to include the additional length for hook, bend and splices for end lapping joints. The additional length is the one most often overlooked in ordering length of steel bars. In ordering steel bars, always think of minimizing the splices if it cannot be totally avoided. 3. For one reinforcement spirals, parts such cut as lateral and the ties, like

stirrups,

dowels,

bars

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should be treated or estimated separately one at a time taking into consideration the additional length for the hook, bend and splicing length. 4. After knowing the length of the lateral ties, stirrups and other similar parts, select the steel bars from the various commercial length of 6.00 to 13.50 meters long where these cut bars could be obtained avoiding or minimizing unnecessary extra cuts. Extra cuts are waste when classified as junk materials. 5. Considering its cost, tie wire for reinforcement

joints is a big item in large construction work. The length of each of the wire should be cut to the

minimum required based on the diameter of the bars to be tied on. Indiscriminate cutting of the wire should not be permitted.

Estimating Cement Mortar

After

knowing

the

number

of

blocks

needed

for

particular masonry work, the next step is to find its work partner called cement mortar. Cement mortar is a mixture of cement, sand and water. It is used as bonding materials in installing masonry blocks and other various plastering

149

works. In estimating cement mortar, one has to consider the following items: 1. The mortar to be used in between the layer of CHB. 2. The mortar filler for the hollow core or cell of the blocks. This filler could be pure mortar with gravel for economy. 3. Fine screened sand for plastering.

Cost Estimate Title of Project: Location: Length: Width: Items Item 100 Item 103 Item 104 Item 200 Item 201 Evangelista Steel Bridge Construction Lucena City 60 meters 8.32 meters Designation Clearing and Grubbing Structure Excavation Embankment Sub- base Course Aggregate Base Course Amount Php 154 987.20

Php 1 137 588.00 Php Php Php 460 404.48 115 811.76 119 956.31 150

Item 403 Item 404

Metal Structure Reinforcing Steel for Foundation

Php Php

9000000.00 22 1935.41

Item 405

(1) Concrete for Foundation (2) Reinforcement for Pier (3) Concrete for Pier (4) Concrete for Abutments (5) Slab Reinforcement (6) Slab Concrete

Php 1 049 040.00 Php Php Php Php Php Php 160 274.70 390 780.65 146 597.13 697 859.30 827 644.62 431 516.40

Item 500

Ground Riprap Sub total Project Cost

Php 15 543 217.05 Php 15 543 217.05

Item 100 Clearing and Grubbing A = 400 sq. m Equipment: Bulldozer Trailler Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 5 Laborer SPL Demountable Office Php 450/ day x 4 days Php 350/ day x 4 days Php 180/ day x 4 days Lump sum Sub total Php Php Php Php Php 1800.00 1400.00 720.00 30000.00 109 920.00 Php 2 000.00/hr x 32 hrs Php 12 000/ Back & Fort Php Php 64 000.00 12 000.00

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MOB / DEM OCM Profit VAT Total

Php Php Php Php Php

1 099.20 14 289.60 16 488.00 13 190.40 154 987.20

Item 103 - Structure Excavation 2 Excavator Trailler Water Pump Cranes Materials Steel Box Php 100 000.00 Php 100000.00 Php 2 000/ hr x 96 hrs Php 12 000/ Back & Fort Php 1 500/ day x 12days Php 20 000/day x 40hrs Php Php Php Php 384 000.00 12 000.00 18 000.00 240 000.00

Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 16 Laborer 806 800.00 MOB / DEM OCM Profit VAT Php Php Php Php 8 068.00 104 884.00 121 020.00 96 816.00 Php 450/ day x 12 days Php 350/ day x 12 days Php 180/ day x 12 days Sub total Php Php Php 5 400.00 4 200.00 43 200.00 Php

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Total Item 104 Embankment V = 600 cu. m Embankment Material Equipment: 5 Dumb truck 1 Roller Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 20 Laborer Php 450/ day x 4 days Php 350/ day x 4 days Php 180/ day x 4days Sub total MOB / DEM OCM Profit VAT Total Php 700/ trip x 8 trip Php 3 279/hr x 32 hrs Php 300/cu. m x 600cu.m

Php 1 137 588.00

Php 180000.00

Php Php

24 000.00 104 928.00

Php Php Php

1 800.00 1 400.00 14 400.00

Php 326 528.00 Php Php Php Php 3 265.28 42 448.64 48 979.20 39 183.36

Php 460 404.48

Item 200 Sub- Base Course V = 36 cu m Equipment: Grader Php 4 763/hr x 8hrs Php 38 104.00

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1 Roller

Php 3 279/hr x 8hrs

Php

26 232.00

Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 20 Laborer Material: Soil filling Material Php 250/cu m Sub total MOB / DEM OCM Profit VAT Total Php Php Php Php Php Php 9 000.00 82 136.00 821.36 10 677.68 12 320.40 9 856.32 Php 450/ day x 2 days Php 350/ day x 2 days Php 180/ day x 2 days Php Php Php 900.00 700.00 7 200.00

Php 115 811.76

Item 201 Aggregate Base Course V = 36.18 cu m Equipment: Grader 1 Roller Php 4 763/hr x 8hrs Php 3 279/hr x 8hrs Php Php 38 104.00 26 232.00

Labor: 1 Project Engr Php 450/ day x 2 days Php 900.00

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1 Foreman 20 Laborer Material: Blended Aggregate

Php 350/ day x 2 days Php 180/ day x 2 days

Php Php

700.00 7 200.00

Php 350/cu m Sub total MOB / DEM OCM Profit VAT Total

Php Php Php Php Php Php

11 939.40 85 075.40 850.75 11 059.80 12 761.31 10 209.05

Php 119 956.31

Item 403 Metal Structures Sub Contract Item 404 - Reinforcing Steel for Foundation Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 20 Steelman Materials: Steel Bars 608pcs of 32 diam. Bar x Php 500 455pcs of 28diam bar x Php 430 Tie wire 200 rolls x Php 45.00/rolls Sub total MOB / DEM Php 304 000.00 Php 195 650.00 Php Php Php 9 000.00 624 650.00 6 246.50 Php 450/ day x 20 days Php 350/ day x 20 days Php 250/ day x 20 days Php Php 9 000.00 7 000.00 Php 9 000 000.00

Php 100 000.00

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OCM Profit VAT Total

Php Php Php

81 204.50 93 697.50 74 958.00

Php 850 756.50

Item 405 (1) Foundation V = 200 cu m Materials: Cement Sand Gravel Equipment: Mixer Water Tank Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 4 Mason 20 Laborers Php 450/ day x 30 days Php 500/ day x 30 days Php 250/day x 30 days Php 180/ day x 30 days Sub total MOB / DEM Php Php Php 13 500.00 10 500.00 30 000.00 Php 1500/day x 30 days Php 1000/day x 30 days Php Php 45000.00 30000.00 Php 170/bag x 2 400 bags Php 330/ cu m x 100 cu m Php 330/cu m x 200 cu m Php 408000.00 Php Php 33000.00 66000.00

Php 108 000.00 Php 744 000.00 Php 7 440.00

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OCM Profit 600.00 VAT

Php

96 720.00 Php 111

Php

89 280.00

Total

Php 1 049 040.00

Item 405 (2) Concrete Pier Reinforcement V = 39.74 cu. m Materials: Steel Bars 25pcs-32mm diam bar x Php 500 62pcs-12mm diam bar x Php 185 Tie wires 60 rolls x Php 45.00 Php 12 500.00 Php 11 470.00 Php 2 700.00

Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 20 Laborers Php 450/ day x 15 days Php 350/ day x 15 days Php 250/ day x 15 days Sub total MOB / DEM OCM Profit VAT Php Php 6 750.00 5 250.00

Php 75 000.00 Php 113 670.00 Php Php Php 1 136.70 14 777.10 17 050.50

Php 13 640.40

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Total

Php 160 274.70

Item 405 (3) Concrete Pier V = 39.74 cu. m

Materials: Cement Sand Gravel Equipment: Crane 2 Mixer Water Tank Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 4 Mason 20 Laborers Php 450/ day x 6 days Php 350/ day x 6 days Php 250/day x 6 days Php 180/ day x 6 days Sub total MOB / DEM OCM Profit Php Php Php 2 700.00 2 100.00 6 000.00 Php 20 000/hr x 6 days Php 1500/day x 2 days Php 1000/day x 2 days Php 120 000.00 Php Php 18 000.00 6 000.00 Php 170/bag x 476.93 bags Php 330/ cu m x 19.87 cu m Php 330/cu m x 39.74 cu m Php 81078.10 Php 6557.10

Php 13114.20

Php 21 000.00 Php 277 149.40 Php 2 771.49

Php 36 029.42 Php 41 572.41

158

VAT Total

Php 33 257.93 Php 390 780.65

Item 405 (4) Concrete for Abutments V = 8.04 cu. m

Materials: Cement Sand Gravel Equipment: Mixer Water Tank Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 4 Mason 20 Laborers Php 850/ day x 4days Php 500/ day x 4days Php 250/day x 4 days Php 300/ day x 4days Sub total MOB / DEM OCM Profit VAT Php Php Php 1800.00 1400.00 4000.00 Php 1500/day x 4days Php 1000/day x 4 days Php Php 6000.00 4000.00 Php 170/bag x 96.5 bags Php 330/ cu m x 4.02 cu m Php 550/cu m x 7.65 cu m Php 16405.00 Php Php 1326.60 2653.20

Php 14000.00 Php 51984.80 Php Php Php Php 519.85 6758.02 7797.72 6238.18

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Total Total for 2 Abutment

Php

73 298.57

x 2 Php 146 597.13

Item 405 (5) Reinforcement Steel for Slab V = 39.74 cu. m Materials: Steel Bars 340pcs-16mm diam bar x Php 245 367pcs-20mm diam bar x Php 307 Tie wires Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 15 Laborers Php 450/ day x 20 days Php 350/ day x 20 days Php 250/ day x 20 days Sub total MOB / DEM OCM Profit VAT Total Item 405 (6) Slab Concrete Materials: Cement Php 170/bag x 1095.1 bags Php 186167.00 Php Php 9 000.00 7 000.00 4 621 rolls x Php 45.00 Php 83 300.00 Php 112 669.00 Php 207 966.67

Php 75 000.00 Php 494 935.67 Php Php Php Php 4 949.36 64 341.64 74 240.35 59 392.28

Php 697 859.30

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Sand Gravel Dowels (16mm) Pins (20mm) 31 Good Lumber (2x8x12) 1 Yakal (3x9x10) GI Pail Can Hack Saw Blade CWN Assorted

Php 330/ cu m x 120.6 cu. m Php 330/cu m x 120.6 cu. m Php 245/pc. x 17 (16mmRSB) Php 500/ pc. (20mmRSB) 30/b.f (2 x 8 x 12) 60/ b.f (3 x 6 x 10) Php 65/pc. x 8 Php 60/pc. x 10 Php 50/kg x 8

Php Php Php Php Php Php Php Php Php

39798.00 39798.00 4165.00 2754.00 14880.00 900.00 520.00 600.00 400.00

Equipment: 1 Bigger Mixer 1 Water Tank 1 Concrete Cutter Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 20 Laborer 4 Mason Php 450/ day x 30 days Php 350/ day x 30 days Php 180/ day x 30 days Php 250/ day x 30 days Sub total MOB / DEM OCM Profit Php Php 13 500.00 10 500.00 Php 1500/day x 30 days Php 1000/day x 30 days Php 500/hr. x 120 hrs. Php Php Php 45 000.00 30 000.00 60 000.00

Php 108 000.00 Php 30 000.00

Php 586 982.00 Php Php Php 5 869.82 76 307.66 88 047.30

161

VAT Total

Php Php

70 437.84 827 644.62

Item 500 Grouted Riprap V = 194 cu m Materials: Boulder Cement Sand Equipment: Mixer Water Tank Labor: 1 Project Engr 1 Foreman 20 Laborer Php 450/ day x 20 days Php 350/ day x 20 days Php 180/ day x 20 days Total MOB / DEM OCM Profit VAT Total Php Php Php 9 000.00 7 000.00 72 000.00 Php 1 500/day x 20 days Php 1 000/day x 20 days Php Php 30000.00 20000.00 Php 300/ cu m x 194 cu m Php 170/bag x 485 bags Php 330/cu.m x 83 cu.m Php Php Php 58200.00 82450.00 27390.00

Php 306 040.00 Php Php Php Php Php 3 060.40 37 785.20 45 906.00 36 724.80 431 516.40

162

PART VIII WORK SCHEDULING Work Schedule Bar Chart this type of schedule has been used for years by the construction industry and is easily understood by most construction personnel. Because the bar chart is

considered by most to be the basic type of schedule used in the construction industry, the bar chart is the schedule covered in detail in this text. Preparing a Bar Chart Schedule In construction or in any other schedule, remember

what the two basic purposes of the construction scheduled are: 1. To provide an organized, programmed timetable showing the time frames schedules and the sequence for each basic activity. 2. To provide a schedule as a means for monitoring the progress of the work. Name of Project: Evangelista Steel Bridge Construction Location: Barangay IX, Lucena City SCHEDULING OF WORKS

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ITEM NO. 100 101 102 103 104 200 201 305 401 403 404

407 504 SPL 001 SPL 002 SPL 003

Wastewater treatment
May 18, 2011, 4:46pm

DESCRIPTION Clearing and Grubbing Removal of Structure and Obstruction Disposal f Unsuitable Materials Structure Excavation Embankment Aggregate Subbase Course Aggregate Base Course Bituminous Penetration Macadam Pavements Railings Metal Structures Reinforcing Steel for Foundation Reinforcing Steel for Superstructures Reinforcing Steel for Railings Concrete Structures Riprap and Grouted Riprap Mobilization and Demobilization Demountable Field Office Painting

NO. OF DAYS 5 10 2 15 30 2 2 20 20 30 20 20 20 20 30 5 10

MANILA, Philippines Three local government units (LGUs) in the Laguna de Bay Region will develop wastewater treatment plants using constructed wetlands and microorganisms to rid used water of pollutants. This system will soon be operational in Angono, Rizal and in Lucban, Quezon as well as Calamba City in Laguna. Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) general manager Rodrigo E. Cabrera said these treatment plants will be using natural systems like constructed wetlands and microorganisms to clean up the water of pollutants and use it for irrigation and other agricultural needs. LLDA has taken the lead in implementing the concept of natural wastewater treatment systems introduced by USAID Environmental Cooperation-Asia (ECO-Asia) in collaboration with Chia Nan University of Taiwan (CNU) and Calamba Water District.

164