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COMPOST MAKING PRIMER
 Aerobic Decomposition by Bacteria and Fungi of a mix of Organic Material along with nutrient recycle organisms required for nutrient cycling.
by: Duane Marcus The Urban Gardener, Inc.& Southern Soil Solutions www.theurbangardener.com 
T
he
U
rban
G
ardener, Inc.
Your AllNatural Garden Center
 
1
 
COMPOST REQUIREMENTS
1.MICROORGANISMS2.FOODS FOR MICROORGANISMS3.AERATION4.MOISTURE5.TEMPERATURE
BENEFITS OF COMPOST
1.ADD BENEFICIAL ORGANISMS TO SOIL2.RECYCLE NUTRIENTS CAPTURED BY PLANTS3.IMPROVE SOIL STRUCTURE4.REDUCE WATER NEEDS5.SUPPRESS DISEASE CAUSING ORGANISMS6.DEGRADE TOXINS IN SOIL7.KEEP ORGANIC WASTES OUT OF LANDFILLS8.REDUCE WATER POLLUTION9.ELIMINATE NEED FOR CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS10.ELIMINATE NEED FOR CHEMICAL PESTICIDES
 2
 
1.
MICROORGANISMS
BACTERIAFUNGI
PROTOZOANEMATODES
MICRO
-
 ARTHROPODS
NUTRIENT RETENTIONNUTRIENTRETENTIONMAKE NUTRIENTS AVAILABLEMAKE NUTRIENTS AVAIL
-
 ABLEMAKE NUTRIENTS AVAIL
-
 ABLE
DISEASE SUPPRESSION
DISEASE SUP
-
PRESSIONBUILD SOIL STRUC
-
 TUREBUILD SOIL STRUCTUREBUILD SOIL STRUCTUREBUILD SOIL STRUCTUREBUILD SOILSTRUCTURESTIMULATE PREY GROUPSSTIMULATE PREY GROUPSDECOMPOSE TOXINSDECOMPOSE TOXINSINHIBIT ROOT
-
FEEDINGNEMATODES TAXI CABS FOR ALL OTHERORGANISMS
 Add to pile for microorganism diversity 
-
compost tea, good compost, forest soil, worm castings, collected fungi, nematodes
2. FOODS FOR MICROORGANISMS
 TYPE
 
OF
 
FOODEXAMPLES
%
 
FOR
 
BACTERIAL
 
COMPOST
%
 
FOR
 
FUNGAL
 
COMPOST
HI
-
NITROGEN
Manure, blood meal, spring or fallfescue clippings, alfalfa hay, organicfertilizer, beans, peas, fish fertilizer
10
%
10
%
GREEN MATTER
Garden trimmings, co
ff 
ee grounds,kitchen waste, oats, brewery waste
50
%
40
%
WOODY MATTER
Shredded leaves, sawdust, wood chips
40
%
50
%
Other foods for additional plant nutrients
-
granite sand, kelp powder, humic acid, ground crab shells, limestone, greensand
3. AERATION
-
Ingredients must include coarse as well as fine particles to insure the pile does not become anaerobic.
-
The pile must not stay saturated with water to prevent anaerobic conditions
-
The pile must be turned regularly to release CO
2
and incorporate oxygen
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