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FINAL REPORT FOR FORCE-PLATE LAB TEST GROUP 4 -15 SEPTEMBER 2011Students:Stavros LitsosEmiliano VerzilliANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS1. Calculate the average weight of the quiet standing trial.
1. The average value of the quiet standing trial is the sum of all measurementsdivided by the number of intervals and is 575,22 (N). This is also the averagevalue of the weight.
2. Create one figure showing 3 graphs: vertical GRF during quietstance, during walking and during running. Discuss interestingfeatures about these graphs.
 2. See "3 graph=stance, running, walking" sheet.By looking at the 3 graphs we notice immediately that the slope representingthe stepping moment is more rounded in the quiet standing trial than in thenext two graphs; the reason for this is that the time the force is applied to theplate is longer in the quiet standing trial than in the following two tests.Another noticeable aspect of these graphs is that the slope becomesprogressively steeper from the standing trial graph to the running graph; thereason for this is that the magnitude of the force applied to the plateincreases.Finally, we can point out that the running graph has one peak while thewalking one has two. This is due to the fact that the walking graph shows boththe heel and the toe touch. On the other hand, the running performance isrepresented by one peak due to the velocity of the performance. What itseems like a second peak in our graph is only due to the instability related tothe shoes used by our performer.
3) Create two graphs of Ground Reaction Force (GRF) vs Time (one foreach jump Draw and label lines on the graphs to represent thefollowing:1. Body Weight line2. Takeoff (TO)3. Landing (L)4. Flight Time (FT)
 
 
3. See "countermove" sheet and "squat" sheet for answers to questions 3.1-3.4)
3.5) Impulse up to the point of takeoff?
 Countermove jumpANSWER -168,37 (Ns) WITH TAKE OFF TIME AT 3,563 s found graphically(THE SUM OF ALL IMPULSES FOR INTERVALS UP TO TAKE OFF)SquatANSWER -424,31 (Ns) WITH TAKE OFF TIME AT 3,66 s found graphically(THE SUM OF ALL IMPULSES FOR INTERVALS UP TO TAKE OFF)
3.6) Take off velocity ?
 Countermove jumpANSWER 2.87 m/s(WE USE THE IMPULSE LAW F*t=m*v; first we calculate the mass m from theaverage weight w= 575,22 (N) and the acceleration of gravity and we obtainm= 58,63 kg; then we know that F*t at take off is -168,37 Ns, therefore v=F*t/m = 2.87 m/s)Squat jumpANSWER 7.23 m/s(WE USE THE IMPULSE LAW F*t=m*v; first we calculate the mass m from theaverage weight w= 575,22 (N) and the acceleration of gravity and we obtainm= 58,63 kg; then we know that F*t at take off is -424,31 Ns, therefore v=F*t/m = 7,23 m/s)
3.7) Flight time?
 Countermove jumpANSWER 0,58 s(WE USE ONE OF EQUATION OF CONSTANT ACCELERATION ;the jumper is only affected by gravity when airborne; his take off velocity isknown and set at 2,87 m/s; his velocity at the apex of his flight is zero;therefore we can use the equation 0=v+gt, 0=2,87m/s - 9,81m/s
2
* t, t= 0,29s; since the projection height and landing height are equal the time it takes toreach the apex is one half of the total flight time and FT=2t=0,58 s).Squat jumpANSWER 1.52s(WE USE ONE OF EQUATION OF CONSTANT ACCELERATION ;
 
the jumper is only affected by gravity when airborne; his take off velocity isknown and set at 7,5 m/s; his velocity at the apex of his flight is zero;therefore we can use the equation 0=v+gt, 0=7,2m/s - 9,81m/s2 * t, t= 0,73s; since the projection height and landing height are equal the time it takes toreach the apex is one half of the total flight time and FT=2t=1.46s).
3.8) Flight height?
 Countermove jumpANSWER 0,41 m(same reasoning as before but this time we need to find the maximum height;therefore we use the equation 0=v
12
+2gh with v
1
=2,87m/s and g=-9,81m/s
2
;we find that h= 0.41 m)Squat jumpANSWER 2,66 m(same reasoning as before but this time we need to find the maximum height;therefore we use the equation 0=v
12
+2gh with v
1
=7,23m/s and g=-9,81m/s
2
;we find that h= 2.66 m)
Answer in a few words the following questions:1. What does a longer flight time imply about jump height?
1) the jump height is higher2.
Compare the calculated and measured (from the graph) flight time.What might be the reason for differences?
 Countermove: FT from graph is 0,62 s; calculated FT is 0,58 s.Squat: FT from graph is 0,59 s; calculated FT is 1,46s.The reason for differences might be approximation related to measuringdirectly from the graph.3.
Compare the force-time curves for the two vertical jumps. Whatmight be the reason for the differences in jump height?
The following explanation is based on both mechanical and physiologicalreasons.In the countermoving jump the total mechanical work performed is greaterthan in the squat jump.How high a person can reach after a jump, depends on the Kinetic Energy attake-off which is equal to the mechanical work carried out during the jump(see principle of work and energy).
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