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Simla Agreement

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SimlaAgreement
June02,1972 AGREEMENTBETWEENTHEGOVERNMENTOFINDIAAND THEGOVERNMENTOFTHEISLAMICREPUBLICOFPAKISTAN ONBILATERALRELATIONS(SIMLAAGREEMENT) Simla 1. TheGovernmentofIndiaandtheGovernmentofPakistanareresolvedthatthetwocountriesputanendtothe conflict and confrontation that have hitherto marred their relations and work for the promotion of a friendly and harmoniousrelationshipandtheestablishmentofdurablepeaceinthesubcontinent,sothatbothcountriesmay henceforthdevotetheirresourcesandenergiestothepressingtaskofadvancingthewelfareoftheirpeoples. Inordertoachievethisobjective,theGovernmentofIndiaandtheGovernmentofPakistan HAVEAGREEDASFOLLOWS: I. ThattheprinciplesandpurposesoftheCharteroftheUnitedNationsshallgoverntherelationsbetweenthe twocountries II. That the two countries are resolved to settle their differences by peaceful means through bilateral negotiations or by any other peaceful means mutually agreed upon between them. Pending the final settlementofanyoftheproblemsbetweenthetwocountries,neithersideshallunilaterallyalterthesituation and both shall prevent the organisation, assistance or encouragement of any acts detrimental to the maintenanceofpeacefulandharmoniousrelations III. That the prerequisites for reconciliation, good neighbourliness and durable peace between them is a commitment by both the countries to peaceful coexistence, respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereigntyandnoninterferenceineachother'sinternalaffairs,onthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefit IV. Thatthebasicissuesandcausesofconflictwhichhavebedeviledtherelationsbetweenthetwocountriesfor thelast25yearsshallberesolvedbypeacefulmeans V. That they shall always respect each other's national unity, territorial integrity, political independence and sovereignequality VI. That in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations they will refrain from the threat or use of force againsttheterritorialintegrityorpoliticalindependenceofeachother. 2. BothGovernmentswilltakeallstepswithintheirpowertopreventhostilepropagandadirectedagainsteachother. Bothcountrieswillencouragethedisseminationofsuchinformationaswouldpromotethedevelopmentoffriendly relationsbetweenthem. 3. Inorderprogressivelytorestoreandnormaliserelationsbetweenthetwocountriesstepbystep,itwouldagreethat :

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Simla Agreement

I. Stepsshallbetakentoresumecommunications,postal,telegraphic,sea,landincludingborderposts,andair linkincludingoverflights II. Appropriatestepsshallbetakentopromotetravelfacilitiesforthenationalsoftheothercountry III. Exchangeinthefieldsofscienceandculturewillbepromoted. Inthisconnectiondelegationfromthetwocountrieswillmeetfromtimetotimetoworkoutthenecessarydetails. 4. Inordertoinitiatetheprocessoftheestablishmentofdurablepeace,boththeGovernmentsagreethat: I. IndianandPakistaniforcesshallbewithdrawntotheirsideoftheinternationalborder II. In Jammu and Kashmir, the line of control resulting from the ceasefire of December 17, 1971 shall be respectedbybothsideswithoutprejudicetotherecognisedpositionofeitherside.Neithersideshallseekto alteritunilaterally,irrespectiveofmutualdifferencesandlegalinterpretations.Bothsidesfurtherundertaketo refrainfromthethreatortheuseofforceinviolationofthisLine III. ThewithdrawalsshallcommenceuponentryintoforceofthisAgreementandshallbecompletedwithina periodof30daysthereof. IV. This Agreement will be subject to ratification by both countries, in accordance with their respective constitutional procedures, and will come into force with effect from the date on which the Instruments of Ratificationareexchanged. 5. BothGovernmentsagreethattherespectiveHeadswillmeetagainatamutuallyconvenienttimeinthefutureand that, in the meanwhile, the representatives of the two sides will meet to discuss further the modalities and arrangements for the establishment of durable peace and normalisation of relations, including the questions of repatriation of prisoners of war and civilians internees, a final settlement of Jammu and Kashmir and the resumptionofdiplomaticrelations. Sd/ INDIRAGANDHI PrimeMinister RepublicofIndia Simla,the2ndJuly1972

Sd/ ZULIFKARALIBHUTTO President IslamicRepublicofPakistan

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