Eddy EganMay 30, 2007TuliszewskiPeriod ½Section 5-1 Summarization1.Forests of giant kelp provide a habitat for a variety of animals. Sea otters feed onsea urchins and sea urchins feed on kelp as an example.2.Food chains set the stage for population growth and decline. Ex. Otters nearlyeliminated thus not eating a lot of prey, sea urchin populations grew vast due tonot being eaten, and kelp disappeared due to hordes of sea urchins. Otters thenthrived again, urchin numbers dropped, and kelp grew back.3.Three important characteristics of a population are its geographic distribution (or range, - the area inhabited by a population), density and growth rate. Can rangefrom centimeters to millions of square miles.4.Population density is the number of individuals per unit area. Can vary by speciesand ecosystem.5.Natural population may stay the same size from year to year, but a population cangrow rapidly. Same with decrease in size.6.Three factors can affect population size: the number of births, the number of deaths, and the number of individuals that enter or leave the population. A population will increase or decrease in size depending on how many individualsare added to it or removed from it.7.Generally, Populations will grow if more individuals are born than die in any period of time.8.If birthrate > than death rate population stays more or less the same size, if deathrate > than birth rate the population shrinks.9.Immigration, the movement of individuals into an area and can cause populationsto grow. Emigration, the movement of individuals out of an area, can cause populations to shrink. Ex. Emigration can occur when young animals leave thearea where they were born, find mates, find food, and establish new territories andImmigration can occur when animals arrive from outside to find these things.10.If a population had abundant space and food, and is protected from predators anddisease, then organisms in the population will multiply and the population sizewill increase.11.Under ideal conditions bacteria double in 20 minutes. So in 20 minutes there are 2 bacteria, 20 more min’s – 4 bacteria, one hour – 8 bacteria, two hours – 64 bacteria, three hours – 512 bacteria. Etc. A growth pattern12.Exponential growth occurs when the individuals in a population reproduce at aconstant rate, under ideal conditions with unlimited resources this can occur.Starts slowly, over time pop. Becomes larger and larger until approaches aninfinitely large size.13.Reproduction rates vary greater and can range but is not limited to 20 minutes to 2to 4 years.14.Exponential growth does not continue in natural populations for very long.15.At first, population increases slowly as reproduction begins, due to unlimitedresources population grows exponentially. In time, the rate slows down but population is still increasing at this much slower rate.
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