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Swimming pool
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the 2003 film, see Swimming Pool (film).A
swimming pool
,
swimming bath
,
wading pool
, orsimply a
pool
, is an artificially enclosed body of waterintended for swimming or water-based recreation. Thereare many standard sizes; the largest and deepest is theOlympic size. A pool can be built either above or in theground, and from materials such as metal, plastic orconcrete.Pools that may be used by many people or by the generalpublic are called public, while pools used exclusively by afew people or in a home are called private. Many healthclubs, fitness centers and private clubs have public poolsused mostly for exercise. Many hotels and massage parlors have public pools for relaxation. Hot tubsand spas are pools with hot water, used for relaxation or therapy, and are common in homes, hotels,clubs and massage parlors. Swimming pools are also used for diving, other sports, and training of lifeguards and astronauts.Pools must be sanitized to prevent growth and spread of bacteria, viruses, algae and insect larvae thatcan cause disease. This is done by using filters and chemical disinfectants such as chlorine, bromineor mineral sanitizers.
History
The "great bath" at the site of Mohenjo-Darowas most likely dug during the 3rdmillennium BC. This pool is 12 by 7 meters,is lined with bricks and was covered with atar-based sealant.
[1]
 Ancient Greeks and Romans built artificialpools for athletic training in the palaestras,for nautical games and for military exercises.Roman emperors had private swimmingpools in which fish were also kept, hence oneof the Latin words for a pool,
 piscina.
Thefirst heated swimming pool was built byGaius Maecenas of Rome in the first centuryBC. Gaius Maecenas was a rich Roman lordand considered one of the first patrons of arts.
[2]
 Ancient Sinhalese built pairs of pools called"Kuttam Pokuna" in the kingdom of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka in 4th century BC.Those were decorated with flights of steps,
Backyard swimming pool
Contents
1 History
1.1 Swimming pool records
2 Dimensions
3 Types
3.1 Private pools
3.2 Public pools
3.3 Competition pools
3.4 Exercise pools
3.5 Hot tubs and spa pools
3.6 Ocean pools
3.7 Infinity pools
4 Other uses
5 Sanitation
6 Winterization
6.1 Closing vinyl and fibreglass pools
6.2 Covers
6.2.1 Pool cover automation
6.2.2 Pool cover materials
7 Safety
8 Dress code
9 See also
 
punkalas or pots of abundance and scrolldesign.
[3]
 Swimming pools became popular in Britainin the mid 19th century. By 1837, six indoor pools with diving boards were built in London,England.
[4]
After the modern Olympic Games began in 1896 and included swimming races, thepopularity of swimming pools began to spread (reference: Encyclopedia Britannica). In 1839,Oxford had its first major public indoor pool at Temple Cowley, and swimming began to take off.The Amateur Swimming Association was founded in 1869 in England,
[5]
and the Oxford SwimmingClub in 1909 with its home at Temple Cowley Pool.
[6]
The presence of indoor baths in the cobbledarea of Merton Street, London may have persuaded the less hardy of the aquatic brigade to join. So,bathers gradually became swimmers, and bathing pools swimming pools.In the USA, the Racquet Club of Philadelphia clubhouse(1907) boasts one of the world's first modern above-groundswimming pools. The first swimming pool to go to sea onan ocean liner was installed on the White Star Line's
 Adriatic
in 1907.
[7]
 After World War I and the departure of "Long John" styleswimming costumes, interest in competitive swimminggrew. Standards improved and training became essential.Home swimming pools became popular in the USA afterWorld War II and the publicity given to swimming sportsby Hollywood films like Esther Williams
 Million Dollar  Mermaid 
made a home pool a desirable status symbol.More than 50 years later, the home or residential swimming pool is ubiquitous and even the smallestworld nations enjoy a thriving swimming pool industry (e.g. New Zealand pop. 4,116,900 [SourceNZ Census 7 March 2006] - holds the record in pools per capita with 65,000 home swimming poolsand 125,000 spa pools).
Swimming pool records
One of the largest swimming pools ever builtwas reputedly in Moscow after the Palace of Soviets remained uncompleted. The foundationswere converted into an open air swimming poolafter the process of de-Stalinisation.
[8]
After thefall of communism, Christ the Saviour Cathedralwas re-built (it had originally been on the site)between 1995 and 2000.According to the Guinness World Records, thelargest swimming pool in the world is SanAlfonso del Mar Seawater pool in Algarrobo,Chile. It is 1,013 m (3,324 ft) long and has anarea of 8 ha (20 acres). It was completed inDecember 2006.
[9]
 The largest indoor wave pool in North America is at the West Edmonton Mall and the largest indoorpool is at the Neutral Buoyancy Lab in the Sonny Carter Training Facility at NASA JSC in Houston.
10 References
11 External links
Deep Eddy Pool, built in 1915, is theoldest concrete swimming pool inTexas, United StatesOpen air swimming pool 'Moscow' (1980)
 
[10][11]
The recreational diving center Nemo 33 near Brussels, Belgium is home to the world'sdeepest swimming pool. The pool has two large flat-bottomed areas at depth levels of 5 m (16 ft) and10 m (32 ft), and a large circular pit descending to a depth of 33 m (108 ft).
[12]
 The Fleishhacker Pool in San Francisco, California was the largest swimming pool in the UnitedStates. Opened on 23 April 1925, it measured 300 m by 45 m (1,000 ft by 150 ft) and was so largethat the lifeguards required kayaks for patrol. It was closed in 1971 due to low patronage.
[13]
 
Dimensions
LengthMost pools in the world are measured in metres, but in the United States pools are almost alwaysmeasured in feet and yards. In the United Kingdom most pools are in metres, but older poolsmeasured in yards still exist. In the US pools tend to either be 25 yards (
SCY
-short course yards), 25metres (
SCM
-short course metres) or 50 metres (long course). US high schools and the NCAAconduct short course (25 yards) competition. There also exist many pools 33
⅓
m long, so that 3lengths = 100 m. This is sometimes jokingly referred to as "inter-course". This pool dimension iscommonly used to accommodate water polo.USA Swimming (USA-S) swims in both metric and non-metric pools. However, the international standard is metres,and world records are only recognized when swum in 50 mpools (or 25 m for short course). In general, the shorter thepool, the faster the time for the same distance, since theswimmer gains speed from pushing off the wall after eachturn at the end of the pool.WidthMost European pools are between 10 m and 50 m wide.DepthThe depth of a swimming pool depends on the purpose of the pool, and whether it is open to thepublic or strictly for private use. If it is a private casual, relaxing pool, it may go from 1.0 m to 2.0 m(3 to 7 feet) deep. If it is a public pool designed for diving, it may slope from 3.0 to 5.0 m (10 to 16feet) in the deep end. A children's play pool may be from 30 cm to 1.2 m (1 to 4 feet) deep. Mostpublic pools have differing depths to accommodate different swimmer requirements. In manyurisdictions, it is a requirement to show the water depth with clearly marked depths affixed to thepool walls.
Types
Private pools
Private pools are usually smaller than public pools, onaverage 16' x 32' (4.8m x 9.6 m) to 20' x 40' (6m x 12 m)whereas public pools usually start at 80 0" (25.0m). Homepools can be permanently built-in, or be assembled aboveground and disassembled after summer. Privately owned outdoor pools in backyards or gardens
A boy in a shallow children's pool.
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