^mJ 14

H$mhr H$mhr dZnVtMo _mZdr OmVrda AZV CnH$ma AmhoV.

{~KS>bobo eara VXV H$Z nwZ _mJmda AmUUo. eVmdar hr
`mnH$s EH$ Amho. {hbm "Zmam`Ur' hUVmV. Zmam`U Vob, _hmZmam`U
Vob {h`mnmgyZ V`ma H$aVmV.
nwfm`m Immbm ImXm bmdyZ g`m`m {`m H$m_ H$aVmZm
OJ^amV {XgVmV. Xoem`m am>nVr, nVYmZ Aer AVr _hdmMr
nXo ^yf{d`mnmgyZ Vo CmoJ OJVmVrb _mZm`m {R>H$mUr H$m_ H$aVmZm
~m{H$, emar[aH$ gd jomV `m Vgy^ahr _mJo ZmhrV. Ka, ggma
gm^miyZ ZmoH$ar H$aVmZm Vmaoda`m AZoH$ H$gaVr brb`m H$aUm`m
{`mZm _mVdhr nobmdo bmJVo.
"eVmdar' hr dZnVr `m`mH$[aVm daXmZ Amho. ~m{H$ d
emar[aH$ H$m_ H$aUm`m {`mZr, {ejU jomV H$m_ H$aUm`m qH$dm
{ejU KoV AgUm`m {`mZr amoO gH$mi d g`mH$mir AYm
M_Mm eVmdar MyU KoV`mg `mZo _mZ{gH$ d emar[aH$ gVwbZ
MmJbo amhrb, H$moaS>m hdm_mZmV eVmdar MyU MmJbo amhVo. X_Q>,
Amobga hdoV Vo MyU K> hmoVo. hdoVrb ~mn Vo emofVo. `mH$[aVm
eVmdar H$n hm gmIaoMm H$n Ho$`mg Vmo nmdgm`mVhr {Q>H$Vmo.
H$n^a XYmV EH$ M_Mm eVmdar H$n {Z` KoV`mg {`mMo
gdgmYmaU Amamo` MmJbo amhVo.
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

113

"eVmdar H$n' XmoZ nVrZo H$aVmV. Vm`m _w`mnmgyZ d

`m Oohm CnbY ZgVmV Vohm gwH$bo`m _w`mnmgyZ. AmnU
XmohtMohr m`{jH$ H$ hUOo AmnUmg Xmohr H$Vr g_OVrb.
m`{jH$ n{hboo
eVmdar H$n Vm`m _w`mnmgyZ
gm{h` - 1) eVmdar`m Amo`m _w`m 1 {H$bmo, 2) gmIa EH$
{H$bmo
H$Vr 1)

8)
9)

MmJ`m nmogbo`m eVmdar _w`m dN> nm`mZo YwdZy H$moaS>m

H$aUo.
_w`mMr gmb gwarZo qH$dm gmbH$mT>UrZo H$mT>mdr.
`mMo EH$ Vo {XS> BM bm~rMo VwH$S>o H$Z, VwH$S>m`m
_`^mJr Agbobr era H$mTy>Z Q>mH$mdr.
{_ga`m ghm`mZo WmoS>m WmoS>m VwH$S>o H$Z era
H$mT>bo `m _w`m OarZwgma nmUr KmbyZ ~marH$ dmQy>Z `m`m.
OmS> {dUr`m gwVr dm_`o KmbyZ `m_Yrb ag EH$m
Q>oZbog Q>rb`m nmVo`mV H$mT>mdm.
hm ag _moOnmmZo _moOmdm. gmYmaUV: hm ag AYm brQ>a
EdT>m ^aVmo. WmoS>mgm H$_r OmV Pm`mg MmbVmo.
gdgmYmaUUo {ZKmbo`m Vm`m agm`m XnQ> gmIa `mdr.
Q>oZbog Q>rb`m OmS> ~wS>m`m nmVo`mV nmMeo {_br ag
d EH$ {H$bmo gmIa Ago {_lU MmJbo T>dimdo.
_`_ Arda AmQ>dmd`mg R>odmdo.
bmH$S>r CbW`mZo ho {_lU T>dimdo.

114

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

2)
3)
4)
5)
6)

7)

10)

{_lU K> hmoD$ bmJVo, EH$Vmar nmH$ Pm`mMr Imr Ho$`mda

Ar _X H$amdm.
{_lU \$g\$gyZ da `oD$ bmJVo.
ZVa Ar ~X H$Z nmVobo Xa H$amdo.
Xg`m EH$m nmVo`mV `m`mdaVr {_lU Agbobo nmVobo
~gob Ago {ZdSy>Z Vo nmVobo AY} nm`mZo ^Z eoJS>rda
R>odmdo.
_`_ Arda `m nmVo`mVrb nmUr CH$iy bmJbo H$s `mda
eVmdar d gmIa KmVbo`m {_lUmMo nmVobo R>odmdo.
EH$m hmVmZo {M_Q>mZo daMo nmVobo YZ Xg`m hmVmZo bmH$S>r
CbW`mZo T>diV ahmdo.
nm`m`m dm\o$da darb {_lU K> hmoVmZm nmVo`mbm Imbr
bmJ`mMr qH$dm H$an`mMr ^rVr amhmV Zmhr.
nm`mMm Ae nyUnUo AmQy>Z OmD$Z gmIa{_lrV eVmdarMm
H$moaS>m H$n {ebH$ amhVmo.
Ar ~X H$Z nyU WS> Pm`mda eVmdar H$n H$mMo`m
dN> H$moaS>m ~aUrV hm Adboh ^Z `mbm K> PmH$U
bmdyZ Zmd d Ho$`mMr VmarI `mMo bo~b {MH$Q>dmdo.
***

11)
12)
13)

14)
15)
16)
17)
18)

m`{jH$ Xgaoo
eVmdar`m gw`m _w`mnmgyZ "eVmdar H$n' H$aUo
gm{h`
1) eVmdar`m gwH$bo`m nU MmJ`m _w`m {ZdSy>Z KoUo
nmd {H$bmo. 2) gmIa EH$ {H$bmo, 3) dobXmoS>mMr nyS> nmM J_.
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

115

H$Vr 1) eVmdar`m _w`m amr EH$m Q>oZbogQ>rb`m nmVo`mV

`m nyU {^OVrb EdT>o nmUr KmbyZ PmHy$Z R>odm`mV.
2) Xg`m {Xder gH$mir nmUr emofyZ \w$Jbo`m _w`m `mdarb
gmb d AmVrb era H$mTy>Z dN> H$am`mV.
3) OmS> ~wS>m`m nmVo`mV `m _w`m d `mV AYm brQ>a nmUr
KmbyZ `m`m nmVirnmgyZ ^mS>m`m H$S>no `VMo AVa _moOZy
R>odUo.
4) am{hbobo XrS> brQ>a nmUr KmbyZ, _`_ Arda {eO{d`mg
R>odm`m.
5) AY} {bQ>a nmUr {ebH$ am{h`mda Ar XoUo ~X H$amdo.
6) hm H$mT>m Xg`m EH$m nmVo`mV JmiyZ `mdm.
7) {_ga_`o H$mT>m`mmao CH$S>bo`m eVmdar`m _w`m
KmbyZ ~marH$ H$am`m.
8) OmS>ga {dUr`m gwVr \$S>`mVyZ {niyZ H$mTy>Z `m dmQ>bo`m
eVmdarMm {ZKmbobm ag, Jmiy>Z KoVbo`m H$mT>mV Kmbmdm.
9) OmS> ~wS>mMo Q>oZbog Q>rb`m dV ^mS>mV hm gd O_m
Ho$bobm eVmdarMm H$mT>m d ag `mMo {_lU KmbyZ `m_`o
EH$ {H$bmo gmIa KmbyZ Vo {_lU MmJbo T>dimdo.
10) eoJS>rda R>odyZ _`_ AmModa AmQ>{d`mg gwdmV H$amdr.
11) nmVobo EH$m hmVmZo {M_Q>mZo K> nH$Sy>Z Xg`m hmVmZo
bmH$S>r CbW`mZo gVV T>dimdo hUOo Imbr bmJUma
Zmhr.
12) {_lU OgOgo K> hmoV OmBb Vgm Ar _X H$amdm.
13) {_lU \$g\$gyZ da `oD$ bmJVmM Ar ~X H$amdm.
14) `mda m {_lUmMo nmVobo ~gob Ago Xgao ^mS>o `mdo d Vo
116

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

15)
16)
17)
18)
19)

20)

nm`mZo AY} ^amdo.

ho nm`mZo AY} ^abobo nmVobo eoJS>rda R>odyZ Ar gw H$amdm.
`m nmVo`mda eVmdar d gmIao`m {_lUmMo nmVobo R>odmdo.
nm`m`m dm\o$da darb {_lU H$moaS>o hmoVmZm Vo H$anUma
Zmhr.
H$mhr doimVM ho {_lU nyU H$moaS>o Pm`mda Ar Xo`mMo ~X
H$amdo.
dobXmoS>mMr nyS> hr dobXmoS>o gmobyZ VmOrM Ho$bobr Agmdr.
hUOo `mMm dmg MmJbm bmJVmo.
eVmdar gmIao`m `m {_lUmV dobXmoS>o nyS> KmbyZ Vo {_lU
MmJbo hbdmdo hUOo dobXmoS>mMm dmg d dmX gd {_lUmbm
bmJob.
H$mMo`m H$moaS>m ~aUrV hm "eVmdar H$n' ^Z `mbm
K> PmH$U bmdmdo. `mda Zmd d Ho$`m`m VmaIoMo bo~b
{MH$Q>mdmdo.

Cn`moJ
EH$ H$n^a XY d EH$ M_Mm eVmdar H$n gH$mir d
g`mH$mir KoV`mg J^dVr {`m, ZmOyH$ H$Vr`m {`m, emim
H$mbO
o _Yrb {dm{WZr `mZr {Z` KoV`mg `mZm A{Ve` \$m`Xoera
R>aUmao ho Q>m{ZH$ Amho. bhmZ _wbmZm VgoM {nmm_wio hmoUmar
VihmVmnm`mMr OiOi, Kemer `oUo dJao {dH$ma H$_r hmoVmV.
{`m`m nmir`m {dH$mamV Cn`wV. gJUH$mda H$m_ H$aUm`m
gdmZr `mdo.
Aem VhoZo Imbrb dZnVtMo H$n H$aVm `oVmV.

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

117

ASw>igm, ~mr, _mH$m, ^wB [aJUr, AOwZgmb, AJYm,

dS>m`m nma`mMo H$m|~ B`mXr.
***
WS>r`m {XdgmV Ambo nmH$ Im`mZo gdgmYmaU ImoH$bm
AmQ>mo `mV `oVmo. AmdmO Iam~ Pmbobm AgVmo, gXu AgVo Aemdoirhr
AmbonmH$mMr dS>r Vm|S>mV R>odbr H$s ~ao dmQ>Vo. Vm|S>mbm Md ZgVo,
WS>rZo, JmaR>mZo H$mhr H$amdogo dmQ>V Zmhr `mdoiog AmbonmH$
Im`mZo ~ao dmQ>Vo. hm nmH$mMm nm{>H$, M{d> H$n {Q>H$mD$ d
Ko`mgmR>r ghO, gmonm AgVmo. AmnU nmH$ H$nmVrb AmbonmH$mMr
H$Vr H$Z ~Ky.
AmbonmH$
gm{h` - 1) Ambo e^a J_ 2) Jyi e^a J_, 3) JmBMo Vyn e^a
J_, 4) gwR>, {_ao, qnnir, qnni_yi, {Oao, ehm{Oao, Agb
ZmJHo$ea, Xmb{MZr, dobXmoS>o, V_mbn, YZo `oH$s nmM J_.
H${V 1)
2)
3)
4)

5)

118

W_ Ambo dN> YdyZ nwgyZ `mdarb nmVi gmb gwarZo

qH$dm gmbH$mT>UrZo H$mT>mdr.
Jyi IS>m ~marH$ {M$Z `mdm.
Ambo Q>oZbog Q>rb`m {H$gUrZo {H$gyZ `mdo.
gwR>, {_ao, qnnir, qnni_yi, {Oao, ehm{Oao, Agb
ZmJHo$ea, Xmb{MZr, dobXmoS>o, V_mbn, YZo `oH$s nmM
J_ KoD$Z `mMo {_ga_`o gy_ MyU H$amdo.
bmoIS>m`m H$T>BV gwdmVrbm Vyn KmbyZ `m_`o Ambo d
Jyi d MyU KmbyZ _X Arda CbW`mZo Vo {_lU MmJbo
naVmdo Vo {_lU MmJbo EH$Ord hmoD$Z `mMo Jmoim hmoVmo.
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

6)

7)
8)

9)

Q>oZbogQ>rb`m VmQ>brbm VynmMm hmV bmdyZ Vmo Jmoim

MmJbm ngamdm d Ho$ir`m nmZmbm WmoS>o Vyn bmdyZ hmVmZo
EH$gmaIm Wmnmdm.
Vmo Ja_ AgVmZmM gwarZo ^am^a H$mnyZ Amd`H$ `m
AmH$mam`m dS>m ~Zdm`m.
nmH$m`m H$mamV JwimMm d gmIaoMm nmH$ gmYbm OmUo ho
_hdmMo Amho. dS>m gwQ>m hmoBn`V {Zd`mda `m gwQ>m
H$Z MmJ`m WS> Pm`mda H$mMo`m H$moaS>m ~aUrV ^Z
R>odUo.
`mda Zmd d Ho$`mMr VmarI `mMo bo~b bmdmdo.
***

AmnU {Z`m`m dmnamV ZmaimMm Cn`moJ H$aVmo. Amo`m

ZmaimVrb {H$gbobo Imo~ao {Za{Zam`m ^mOr_`o dmnaVmo, Amo`m
Imo~`m`m {H$gmnmgyZ CH$S>rMo _moXH$ H$aVmo. VgoM JmoQ>m Imo~ao
hUOo dmibo`m Imo~`mMm dmna H$aOr_`o gmaU hUyZ qH$dm
{MdS>m_`o H$aVmo. AemM EH$m AmfYr ZmairnmH$mMo AmnU m`{jH$
H$.
m`{jH$ Xgaoo
Zmair nmH$
gm{h` - 1) XmoZ Vo VrZ MmJbo Cm_ nmogbobo nw> Zmai, 2)
gmIa AYm$ {H$bmo, 3) JmBMo Vyn nmd {H$bmo, 4) Om`\$i, Xmb{MZr,
dobXmoS>o, V_mbn, {_ao, gwR>, {Oao, dmdqS>J, ~S>reon, Om`nr
`oH$s nmM J_.
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

119

H$Vr 1)
2)
3)

Zmai \$moSy>Z `m_Yrb nmUr dV ^mS>mV R>odUo.

Zmai ImodyZ `mMm {H$g _moOyZ AYm {H$bmo `mdm.
Om`\$i, Xmb{MZr, dobXmoS>,o gmobZy `mVrb XmUo, V_mbn,
{_ao, gwR>, {Oao, dmdqS>J, ~S>reon, `mMo gy_ MyU {_ga`m
ghm`mZo H$amdo. Oa Va dobXmoS>o, ~S>reon, V_mbn, {Oao
dJao {OZgm H$T>BV WmoS>mem Ja_ H$Z `m`mV hUOo
`mMo MmJbo MyU hmoVo.
4) H$T>B eoJS>rda R>do Zy `m_`o W_ WmoS>g
o o Vyn KmbyZ `m_`o
AYm {H$bmo ZmaimMm Md, AYm {H$bmo gmIa d ZmaimVbo
WmoS>o nmUr KmbyZ _Xmrda bmH$S>r CbW`mZo KmoQy>Z MmJbm
nmH$ H$amdm.
5) OarZwgma Vyn d ZmaimVbo nmUr Kmbmdo.
6) `m_`o V`ma Ho$bobo MyU Kmbmdo. Vo EH$Ord hmoBn `V KmoQ>mdo.
7) Q>oZbog Q>rb`m VmQ>mbm VynmMm hmV bmdyZ `mda Vo
{_lU EH$gmaIo ngamdo.
8) Ho$ir`m nmZmbm WmoS>ogo Vyn bmdyZ `m nmZmZo Vo {_lU
MmJ`m VhoZo WmnyZ EH$ gma`m OmS>rMm H$amdm.
9) gwarZo EH$gma`m AmH$mam`m dS>m H$am`m.
10) WS> Pm`mda `m dS>m gwQ>m H$am`m.
11) H$mMo`m ~aUrbm bdJmMr Ywar XoD$Z `m_`o dS>m R>odm`m.
12) ~aUrbm ZmdmMo d Ho$`m`m VmaIoMo bo~b bmdmdo.
Cn`moJ -

gdmZm {hVH$maH$ Amho. `mdZ Amn`m bjmV Ambo Agob H$s

AmV dmnaUmao {H$VrVar KQ>H$ nmoQ> ^a`mgmR>r ZgyZ Vo gJr
AmfY hUyZhr dmnaVm `oVmV. AZoH$ H$ma`m AmfYr nmH$m`m
H$Vr _`m{XV nmZm`m nwpVHo$_`o XoUo e` Zg`mZo EH$ H$Vr
AmnU {eH$`mda `mdZ AmnUmg `mVrb ~maH$mdo bjmV AmboM
AgVrb _J {dH$mamdZ `mbm bmJUm`m AmfYr dZnVr qH$dm
KQ>H$ `mMo _mU g_O`mda Amn`m Amd`H$Vo_mUo `mMo _mU
KoD$Z A` JW dmMZmZo H$aUo AdKS> OmUma Zmhr.
Oo Oo gmono, ghOe`, Amn`mbm nadS>ob d `mH$[aVm
VodT>m doi, IQ>mQ>mon H$a`mMr _mZ{gH$ V`mar Agob VaM ho gd
e` hmoBb. An _mUmV H$Z Vr AmnUmg O_Vo `mMr Imr
Ho$`mda nmoR>m _mUmV H$amdo. `m {`m Amn`m KamVrb d`nmH$
Cm_ H$aVmV `mZm `m H${V H$Xm{nhr AdKS> OmUma ZmhrV.
***

hm nmH$ X`mbm {hVH$a, dr`dYH$, A{dYH$ hUOo ^yH$

dmT>{dUmam, ~b dmT>{dUmam AgyZ bhmZ _wbo, {`m, d, VU `m
120

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

121

{dXmar H$X qH$dm ^wB H$mohim, eVmdar `mMo d A` dZnVtMo gd

H$mTy>Z R>od`mg MmJbo {Q>H$Vo d `mMm Cn`moJ MmJ`m VhoZo H$aVm
`oVmo.

^mJ 15
gd, bon d nmoQ>rg
Amn`mH$S>o OodUm_`o gUmg_ma^m_`o ViU `m H$mamV
nmnS>, Hw$aS>B, nmnS>m ho Img _hmam>r`Z H$ma nanaoZo Ambobo
AmhoV. `m_`o Hw$aS>`m Jhm`m {MH$mnmgyZ Ho$bo`m AgVmV. Jh
XmoZ-VrZ {Xdg {^OV KmbyZ, MmJbo dmQy>Z, \$S>`mVyZ {niyZ
`mVrb {n>_`, {nRy>i Omo ^mJ {ZKVmo Vmo {eOdyZ `m_`o qhJ,
_rR> KmbyZ eod`m `mVyZ Xm~yZ JmobmH$ma Hw$aS>`m ChmV H$S>H$S>rV
dmidyZ df^amgmR>r gmR>dVmV. AmnU `mVrb gdmMm ^mJ H$gm
{_idVmo Vo ~KUma AmhmoV.
`m_`o XmoZ-VrZ {Xdg {^OV R>odbobo Jh {_ga_`o
dmQy>Z, \$S>`mZo JmiyZ EImm namVrV R>do Zy {ZWiV R>do mdo. namVrVrb
nmUr bpQ>H$`m ZirZo gm`\$Z VdmZo H$mTy>Z Q>mH$mdo. Imbr
JhmMo am{hbobo gd Chm_`o IS>IS>rV dmibo H$s {_ga_YyZ
{\$adyZ ~marH$ nyS> H$Z H$mMo`m ~aUrV ^Z R>do mdo. ghm _{h`m`m
nwT>rb _wbmZm AYm M_Mm JhmMo gd, EH$ H$n XY d AYm H$n
nmUr, M_Mm^a gmIa, gmOyH$ Vyn KmbyZ Ira H$Z {Z`{_V
{X`mg `mMr V`oV R>UR>UrV amhVo.
`mM_mUo qeJmS>mMo nrR>, ZmMUrMo gd `mMr Ira _wbmZm
mdr. JhmMo, ZmMUrMo gd `mM_mUo ~Q>mQ>o, gwaU, Ambo, aVmio,
ZmJa_moWm, dmar, H$Mmoam, Jwidob, nmT>ar d H$mir _wgir, Sw>H$aH$X,
122

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

AmO AmnU JwidobrMo gd H$go H$mT>VmV `mMo m`{jH$

H$ hUOo AmnUmg `mV gh^mJr hmoVm `oBb.
m`{jH$ n{hboo
JwidobrMo gd
gm{h` - 1) JwidobrMo AJR>m`odT>m OmS>rMo H$mS> Xhm ~mam \y$Q>
bm~rMo, nmUr
H${V 1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)

JwidobrMo H$mS> dN> YwdyZ KoD$Z, nwgyZ `mdarb nmVi

gmb gwarZo H$mTy>Z `mdr. `mbm {hadi hUVmV.
Jwidobr`m H$mS>mMo Mma Vo nmM BM bm~rMo VwH$S>o {dirda
H$ `mdo.
EH$m _moR>m Q>oZbog Q>rb`m nmVo`mV AY} nmVo`mnojm
OmV dN> nmUr ^amdo.
nmQ>mda dadQ>m`m ghm`mZo `mMo VwH$S>o MmJbo R>oMyZ
nm`m`m nmVo`mV R>odmdoV.
Iao Va ho am^a nm`mV R>odyZ gH$mir hmVmZo Hw$H$$Z
Jmi`mZo ho {_lU JmiyZ namVrV R>odmdo.
MmoWm Q>mHy$Z mdm.
VrZ Mma Vmg ho {_lU {ZdiV R>odmdo hUOo da \$V
nmUr d Imbr gd O_m Pmbobo {Xgob.
bpQ>Mr N>mQo >rer Zir nm`mV ~wS>dZy Vm|S>mZo Zir`m Xg`m

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

123

Q>moH$mZo nmUr AmoTy>Z hiyhiy \$V `mdarb nmUr H$mTy>Z

`mdo.
9) nmT>`m aJmMm Imbr am{hbobm gmH$m namVrV ng$Z gmdbrV
dmidmdm.
10) ho dmibobo MyU {_ga_YyZ H$mTy>Z H$mMo`m ~mQ>brV ^Z
R>odmdo. `mbmM Jwidob gd hUVmV.
11) gwarZo darb VmOr H$mT>bobr {hadi dmiyZ Vr hr AmfYmV
Cm_ Cn`moJr nS>Vo. `m_`o dZnVr VmOr d Amobr Agbr
nm{hOo.
***
H$Yr H$Yr AnKmVmZo hmVmnm`mZm _wH$m _ma bmJVmo. VoWrb
aV gmH$iVo. gyO `oVo d X:I dmT>Vo Aem doiobm `mda ghmUoda
gm~aqeJ, aVMXZ, Am~ohiX, _m`\$i, VwaQ>r, IS>o _rR> dJao
nm`mV JYmgmaIo CJmiyZ bon Kmb`mMm KmV hmoVm. `m_wio `m
^mJmbm AmoT> bmJm`Mr `m_wio `mbm AmoT>m Ago hUm`Mo. AmVm
~mOmamV V`ma bon hUVmV Vo WmoS>mem nm`mV KmbyZ ZwgVoM
qH$dm Ja_ H$Z KmbVmV. `m_mUo _wH$m _ma Agob qH$dm nm`
_waJibm Agob Vmo XmoZ Vo VrZ {XdgmV ~am hmoVmo.
AmnU AemM EH$m bonmMo m`{jH$ H$.
m`{jH$ n{hboo
XemJ bon
`m_`o Xhm AmfYr dZnVr Ag`mZo ho Zmd nS>bo Amho.

H$Vr ~mOmamV `mMr MyU {_imbr Va Vr XmoZ VrZ _{h`mnojm

OwZr AmUy Z`oV. MXZ MyU Imrera {_imbo Zmhr Am{U Kar MmJ`m
MXZmMo ImoS> d ghmU Ag`mg ghmUoda CJmiyZ `mMo JY gwH$dyZ
`mdo. darb gd {OZgm AIS> AmUyZ Kar {_gada XiyZhr `mMo
MyU H$aVm `oVo. `m Xhmhr dZnVtMo MyU EH$ H$Z dJmi
H$amdo. H$mMo`m ~mQ>brV ^Z `mMo Zmd d Ho$`mMr VmarI d
\$V ~mhmonMmamgmR>r Ago bo~b bmdmdo.
Cn`moJ `m_Yrb MyUmV Amd`H$ VodT>o nmUr KmbyZ `m bonmMm
Cn`moJ dMo`m {dH$mamV AJmbm ImO gwQy>Z nwai `oV Agob Va,
gyO, doXZm B. gmR>r Ho$bm OmVmo.
***
VU d`mVrb _wbm`m Vm|S>mda _w_, nwQ>Hw$`m {XgVmV.
`mH$[aVm EH$m bonmMo m`{jH$ H$.
m`{jH$ Xgaoo
Moh`mH$[aVm bon
gm{h` - 1) YZo, 2) bmoY, 3) MXZ, 4) Oo>_Y, 5) _{O>m
6) AZV_yi `oH$s drg J_, 7) Om`\$i EH$.
H${V -

gm{h` - 1) {earf djmMr gmb 2) VJa_yi, 3) dobXmoS>o 4)

hiX, 5) H$mo> qH$dm CnboQ>, 6) Oo>_Y, 7) MXZ, 8) OQ>m_mgr,
9) XmhiX gmb, 10) dmim `oH$s Xhm J_.

darb gd {OZgm EH$ H$Z {_ga_YyZ `mMo gy_ MyU

H$Z dJmi H$amdo. H$mMo`m EH$m ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odmdo. VgoM
_gwam`m S>mirMo nrR> H$Z R>odmdo. Oohm Moh`mbm bmdm`Mo Agob

124

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

125

Vohm EH$ M_Mm MyU d EH$ M_Mm _gya S>mirMo nrR> H$moaS>r dMm
Agob Va `mV noQ> hmo`mBVnV {VimMo Vob KmbyZ H$mbdyZ
Moh`mda bon mdm. VobH$Q> dMm Agob Va Xmohr {_lUmV Jwbm~mMo
nmUr KmbyZ noQ> H$Z Moh`mbm bmdmdr d gdgmYmaU dMm
Agob Va `mV nmUr qH$dm XY KmbyZ noQ> H$Z Moh`mbm bmdmdr.
bon nyU dmi`mda H$mo_Q> nm`mZo YwdyZ Q>mH$mdm.
***
{Xdmir_`o AmnU gdmJmbm Vob bmdyZ, CQ>Uo bmdyZ A`J
ZmZ H$aVmo. VgoM CQ>Uo AmnU Kar H$Z {Z` AJmbm bmdyZ
ZmZ Ho$`mg dMoMo Amamo` {Z{VM MmJbo amhrb.
m`{jH$ {Vgaoo
CQ>Uo
gm{h` - 1) doIS>, 2) ZmJa_moWm, 3) AmdiH$mR>r, 4) dmim,
5) _a>dm 6) H$mo>, 7) gwJYr H$Mmoam, 8) AZV_yi, 9) ~mdMr,
10) OQ>m_mgr `oH$s nmg J_, 11) Jwbm~H$ir XmoZeo J_.
H$Vr darb gd {OZgm gy_ MyU dnmV ~mOmamV XmoZ _{h`m`m
AmVrb Ho$bobr AgVrb Va AmUm`m qH$dm AIS> AmUyZ Kar
Xim`m. `mZVa dJmi H$Z H$mMo`m ~mQ>brV ^Z `mMo Zmd,
VmarI d ~mhmonMmamgmR>r `mMo bo~b bmdmdo.
Cn`moJ EH$ Vo XmoZ M_Mo MyU d VodT>oM _gwam`m S>mirMo nrR> qH$dm
ha~am S>mirMo nrR> {_giyZ nm`mV H$mbdyZ AJmbm bmdyZ ZmZ
H$amdo. `mZo dMm H$mVr_mZ hmoVo.
***
126

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

H$Yr H$Yr AJmda Jido hmoVmV `m_wio Iyn X:I hmoVo. nydu
`mda H$UHo$Mo, H$mmMo nmoQ>rg ~mYV AgV. `m`m Cn`moJmZo
Jido {nHy$Z `mVrb ny ~mhoa `oD$Z `mMm {ZMam hmoD$Z ~ao dmQ>V
Ago. bhmZ _wbmMr N>mVr WS>r`m {XdgmV H$\$mZo ^Z OmVo,
`mg H$\$ ~mhoa Q>mH$Uo O_V Zmhr d N>mVr XIUo, Vmn `oUo, N>mVr
CS>Uo dJao mg hmoVmo. `mdoiog OdgmMm H$mT>m d OdgmMm bon
N>mVrda KmV`mZo H$\$ nmVi hmoD$Z `mg ~ao dmQy> bmJVo.
m`{jH$ n{hbo
Jidmda bmd`mgmR>r Jhm`m {nR>mMo nmoQ>rg
gm{h` - 1) JhmMo nrR> AYu dmQ>r, 2) hiX nmd M_Mm, 3) JmoS>o
Vob M_Mm^a, 4) nmUr, 5) Ho$irMo qH$dm H$XirMo nmZ.
H${V N>moQ>mem H$T>BV M_Mm^a Vob d hiX KmbyZ `m_`o
hiyhiy H$UrH$ d nmUr KmbyZ M_`mZo qH$dm CbW`mZo hbdyZ
\$ma gb Zmhr d \$ma K> Zmhr Ago {eOdmdo. `m {R>H$mUr Jiy
Agob {VWo dmda R>do Zy hbHo$ hbHo$ eoH$mdo. `mZVa `mda H$Xir`m
nmZmMm VwH$S>m R>odyZ Xg`m H$mnS>mZo ~mYmdo. Aem VhoZo Jiy \w$Qy>Z
`mMm {ZMam hmoVmo. `mZVa H$moaS>o H$Z `mda dJmi {\$im
MyU qH$dm Xmb{MZr, VwaQ>r, H$mV d _m`\$i g__mUmV KoD$Z
`mMo dJmi Ho$bobo MyU bmdmdo. `mZo OI_ ^Z `oD$Z ~ao dmQ>Vo.
Aem VhoZo Ka`m Kar H$a`mOmo`m AmfYm`m Amd`H$
VodT>m gd {H$`m AmnU m`{jH$mmao VgoM gh^mJmVyZ {eH$bmo.
Jm_rU ^mJmV Aem VhoMm Mmb{dbobm hm ~hYm n{hbmM dJ Amho.
AWmV `mMo gd lo` Ho$BE_ hmpnQ>b [agM AS> S>ohbn_|Q> {d^mJ
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

127

d bmgZ AS> Qy>~m o npbH$ M[aQ>~o b Q>Q> `m`mmao _{hbm g~brH$aU

{d^mJmH$[aVm nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ gwT> Amamo` hr gH$nZm
nm~i `oWo am~{dbr Jobr. Ka`m Kar dZnVt`m {d{dY ^mJmVrb
AmfYr JwUY_, `mVrb H$m`H$mar Vd Cn`moJmV AmUyZ Amn`m
Hw$Qw>~mMo Amamo` amIUo hm `m_mJrb _yI Coe. XmoZ Mma {XdgmV
H$mhr AmOma AmQ>mo`mV `oVmV. _m H$mhr AmOma `m CnMmamZm
XmX XoBZmgo Pmbo Va Vk S>mQ>amMr qH$dm Amamo` H|$XmMr _XV
Oa `mdr.

^mJ 16
nydmnma MmbV Ambobo H$mhr AmfYr CnMma
Amn`mH$S>o Vmn, ImoH$bm, gXu, AnMZ, ^yH$ Z bmJUo,
nmoQ> gm\$ Z hmoUo, gmYoXIr, bhmZ _wbm`m - _{hbm`m VH$mar,
dMm{dH$ma, dmMo AmOma, F$Vy nmbQ>VmZm hmoUmao AmOma, WS>r,
Chmim, nmdgmim `m_wio earamda hmoUmao n[aUm_ `mZo gdgm_m`
VH$mar AgVmV `mda AmYmarV nydmnma MmbV Ambo H$mhr KaJwVr
AmfYmonMma `m ^mJmV WmoS>`mV {Xbobo AmhoV. H$Vr H$em H$am``m
`m {dVmamZo AmnU {eH$bmo AmhmoV.
H$m>mfYt`m Imrera XH$mZmVyZ qH$dm Jm_rU ^mJm_`o
`m dZnVr ghO CnbY hmoD$ eH$V AgVrb Va `m Vm`m d
Amn`m JaOonwa`mM AmUyZ H$mhr AmfYr MyU, Adboh, nmH$, Vob
`m dnmV Kar H$Z R>odbo Va `mMm Cn`moJ AmOmamV ZH$s
hmoBb. Amnbo dm` amI`mgmR>r `odT>o AmnU H$Z ~Km.
bhmZ _wbmMr AmfYoo
1) Amn`mH$S>o ~mimMm O_ Pmbm H$s `mbm n{h`mXm Vyn d
_YmV CJmibobo gmoZo MmQ>{d`mMm KmV Amho. _yb ~mam {XdgmMo
Pm`mZVa `mbm {Z` JwQ>r MmQ>{d`mMr nV Amho. `m_`o gwR>,
A{V{df, Om`\$i, _m`\$i, H$m`\$i, doIS >, ImarH$, ~Xm_, {haS>m,
~ohS>m, Oo>_Y, IS>rgmIa, H$mH$S>qeJr, _wS>e|J, gmJaJmoQ>m dJao

128

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

129

AmfYo AgVmV. AmB`m XYmVyZ qH$dm CH$iyZ Jma Ho$bo`m nm`mV

nmM Vo gmV digo ghmUoda CJmiyZ g`mH$mir {X`mZo _wbmZm
^yH$ bmJVo, XY nMVo, er `dpWV hmoVo, ~mi emV Pmony bmJVo.
~mim`m gdgmYmaU VH$matH$[aVm JwQ>rVrb AmfYmMm MmJbm Cn`moJ
hmoVmo.
2) ~mi Oohm WmoS>r WmoS>r er H$aVo d `mMr {H$a{H$a Mmby
AgVo Vohm doIS>, gwR> d _wS>e|J ghmUoda AmB`m XYmVyZ CJmiyZ
{X`mZo JwU `oVmo.
3) Oo ~mi XY `m``mda WmoS>o WmoS>o AmoH$Vo, H$Yr {hadQ>
aJmMr er hmoVo Vohm Om`\$i, doIS>, gwR> d A{V{df CJmiyZ
_YmVyZ MmQ>{d`mg er Mm aJ nmbQ>Vmo d AmoH$`mMo _mUhr H$_r
hmoVo.
4) H$Yr H$Yr ~mimbm Owbm~ hmoD$ bmJbo Va bmoIS>r nirV
Jyi, Vyn d CJmibobo Om`\$i d gwR> EH$ H$Z, Ja_ H$Z, WS>
Pm`mda ~mimg WmoS>o WmoS>o MmQ>{dbo Va Owbm~ H$_r hmoVmV.
5) H$mhr bhmZ _wbmZm XmoZ-VrZ {Xdg er hmoV Zmhr Vohm Vo
_yb AdW AgVo. Vohm EH$Va ~mimbm AmBMo XY H$_r Var nS>V
AgVo. H$Yr nmoQ>mV XIVo Vohm gwR>, Om`\$i CJmiyZ MmQ>dmdo. er
hmo`mgmR>r ~mi{haS>m, A{V{df, ImarH$, IS>rgmIa, doIS > ho nm`mVyZ
qH$dm AmB`m XYmV CJmiyZ MmQ>dmdo.

7) bhmZ _wbmZm doIS> d gmoZo CJmiyZ Vyn, _YmVyZ {Z`

{X`mg `mMr nJVr MmJbr hmoVo.
8) Oo KaMo bmoUr H$mTy>Z Vyn Kar H$aV AgVrb qH$dm Imr`m
{R>H$mUmhZ bmoUr AmUyZ Vyn Kar H$T>dV AgVrb `mZm `m_`o
nmM Vo Xhm J_ dOZmMo MmoI gmoZo KmbyZ Vyn V`ma Pm`mda JmiyZ
KoD$Z Vo Vyn ghm dfmMr _wbo hmoBn`V `m`m OodUmV R>odmdo. Aer
_wbo Ia ~wr_mZ hmoVmV. EH$ {bQ>a nm`m_`o VoM MmoI gmoZo amoO
AY} hmoBn`V AmQ>dyZ, JmiyZ KoD$Z Vo nmUr `mZm {n`mg {X`mZo
`mMr {VH$maeVr dmT>ob. gmo`mMr dVw Z {dgaVm YwdyZ, nwgyZ
S>~rV R>od`mg _m {dg$ Z`o.
9) bhmZ _wbmZm XmV `oVmZm Vmn `oVmo Vohm ZmJa_moWm, dmim
`mMr `oH$s nmd M_Mm ^aS> EH$ H$n nm`mV KmbyZ AYm H$n
Caon`V AmQ>dyZ, JmiyZ KoD$Z WmoS>rer IS>rgmIa KmbyZ M_Mm
M_Mm Vo nmUr nmOmdo qH$dm YZo-{O`mMo nmUr `mV qH${MV Am`mMm
ag d gmIa KmbyZ nmOmdo.
10) `mZm XmV `oVmZm Owbm~ hmoV Agbo Va A{V{df, doIS>,
ZmJa_moWm, dmim `mMr ^aS> H$n^a CH$i`m nm`mV KmbyZ PmHy$Z
R>odmdo. WS> Pm`mda JmiyZ Vo nmUr WmoS>o WmoS>o nmOmdo. gmir`m
bmhmMo nmUr nmOmdo. `mZo AeVVm `oUma Zmhr.

6) WS>rZo ~mimMo ZmH$ Mm|XVo, `mbm mg KoVmZm mg hmoVmo

Vohm ZmH$mV gmOyH$ Vyn nmVi H$Z `mMo EH$ XmoZ W|~ gmoS>mdo.
{edm` doIS> CJmiyZ WmoS>o Ja_ H$Z ZmH$mda, H$nmimda bon
mdm.

11) bhmZ _wbmZm CbQ>m hmoV AgVmZm IS>rgmIa KmbyZ V`ma

Ho$bo`m JmoS>ga nm`mV EH$ XmoZ dobXmoS>mMo MyU KmbyZ Vo M_Mm
M_Mm nmUr, gmir`m bmhmMo nmUr, CH$i`m H$n^a nm`mV
M_Mm^a eVmdar H$n KmbyZ Vo nmUr nmOmdo. `m VrZ n`m`mnH$s
KamV Oo Agob Vo W_ H$amdo. Jwidob gd {M_yQ>^a `mV EH$

130

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

131

M_Mm _Y d AYm M_Mm gmOyH$ Vyn KmbyZ MmQ>dmdo. S>mit~ qH$dm

_mog~rMm ag JmoS>ga H$Z M_Mm M_Mm mdm.
12) ~mi X`mgmaIm ImoH$`mMm mg Agob Va EH$ H$n XY
d EH$ H$n nm`mV Jwidob d gwR> `mMo {M_yQ>^a MyU d b|S>rqnnir
EH$ KmbyZ EH$ H$n Caon`V AmQ>dyZ `mV EH$ M_Mm gmIa KmbyZ
~mimg WmoS>o WmoS>o nmOmdo. N>mVr d nmR>rda OdgmMm bon Kmbmdm.
ZmH$ d H$nmimda doIS> CJmiyZ Kmbmdr.
13) H$mhr _wbo Anw`m {XdgmMr hUOo gmV`m, AmR>`m _{h`mV
O_bobr AgVmV. `mMo O_V: dOZ H$_r AgVo. Aem _wbmZm
dmT>{dUo hUOo Iyn H$miOr `mdr bmJVo. bmoUr, Vyn, XY, ZmMUrMo
gd, qeJmS>m`m {nR>mMr bmner, S>mi-VmXimMr noO, JhmMo
gd `mMm `mZm nMob Aem dnmV AmV g_mdoe H$amdm bmJVmo
AWmV Vr ghm _{h`mMr Pm`mZVa ~mimbm ~bm Vob, bmjm{X
Vob `mZr gH$mi g`mH$mi hb`m hmVmZo _mbre H$amdo. H$mod`m
ChmV Xhm - nYam {_{ZQ>o R>odmdo. H$mo_Q> nm`mZo ZmZ Kmbmdo.
AmdiH$mR>r, Jwidob, JmoI g__mUmV KoD$Z `mMo dJmi MyU
{M_yQ>^a, Vyn AYm M_Mm, _Y nmd M_Mm EH$ H$Z MmQ>dmdo.
Oo>_YmMm H$mT>m H$Z JmiyZ KoD$Z `mV JmBMo Vyn KmbyZ Vo
{ebH$ amhrn`V H$T>dyZ Vo V`ma Ho$bobo Vyn gH$mi g`mH$mi
WmoS>o WmoS>o {X`mg ~mi AJ YaVo. OXmiy, ~Xm_, ImarH$ Oo nadS>ob
Vo AmB`m XYmVyZ qH$dm JmB`m XYmVyZ CJmiyZ mdo.
14) F$Vy nmbQ> hmoVmZm hUOo WS>r gnyZ Chmim gw hmoVmZm
bhmZ _wbmZm hUOo dfmZVa`mZm Jmoda, H$m{O`m, JmbJwS> ho
{dH$ma hmoD$ eH$VmV. ehar ^mJm_`o `mda`m bgr CnbY AmhoV.
132

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

Jmoda Pm`mda Vmn ~amM dmT>Vmo. AJmda bmbga nwai `oVmV.

H$mhr _wbmZm Kem_`o gwm `oVmV. Vmn H$_r hmo`mg nmM-ghm
{Xdg bmJVmV. gdmJ bmb d IaIarV hmoVo. gmir`m bmhmMo
nmUr, CH$ibo`m nm`mV dmim, AZV_yi, ZmJa_moWm d IS>rgmIa
KmbyZ JmiyZ KoD$Z Vo WmoS>o WmoS>o nmOmdo. {gVmonbm{X MyU _YmVyZ
MmQ>dmdo. Jmoda ~mhoa nS>`mda n[anmR>m{X H$mT>m, dmi`wV JwbH$X
`mZm mdo.
15) H$m{O`m `m {dH$mamV gwm gwdmVrbm Vmn `oVmo. AJ XIVo.
Moh`mda, nmoQ>mda, nmR>rda nm`mZo ^abobo \$moS> `oVmV. _m ho \$moS>
\$moS>m`Mo ZgVmV. ho \$moS> H$mhr {XdgmVM AmnmoAmn gwH$VmV. `m_`o
n[anmR>m{X H$mT>mZo \$aH$ nS>Vmo. _m `m_`o Hw$R>bohr WS> nXmW
H$m{O`m Pmbo`m _wbmbm XoD$ Z`oV H$maU `mZo ImoH$bm dmTy>
eH$Vmo d `m_wio AmYrM Ae$ Agbobo Vo _yb ImoH$`mZo ~oOma
hmoVo.
16) Chmim gnV AgVmZm d nmdgmim gw hmoVmZm JmbJwS> hm
gmWrMm AmOma CX^dVmo. emioVrb EH$m _wbmbm Pmbm H$s `mnmgyZ
BVamZm hmoD$ eH$Vmo. Jmb\w$Jr hmoVo, gyO `oVo, {Jim`bm, Mmdm`bm
mg hmoVmo. `mda Jyi d MwZm `mMm bon mdm. hm AmOma AmR>dS>m^a
mg XoVmo. `m_`o ~`mM doim Vmn `oVmo. OdgmMm H$mT>m, YZo{O`mMo nmUr Ja_ Ja_ mdo. Oo>_Y, AZV_yi `m`m H$mT>mZo
Jwi`m H$am`m.
17) Jm_rU ^mJmVrb _wbm_`o IaOoMo _mU ~`mM _mUmV
{XgVo. AdN>Vm ho `mMo _wI H$maU Amho. hm amoJ nemZo hmoUmam
Amho. {eHo$H$mB d H$Sy>qb~m`m nmZmZo V`ma Ho$bo`m nm`mZo ZmZ
Kmbmdo. IO Pmbobm ^mJ {\$im`m nm`mZo Ywdmdm. H$Sy>qZ~mMr
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

133

gmb nm`mV CJmiyZ bmdmdr. JYH$ `wV _b_ bmdmdo. H$aO Vob
qH$dm H$Sy>qZ~ Vob, H$mnya d Imo~aob Vob WmoS>o WmoS>o EH$ H$Z Vo
Vob IaOoda H$mngmZo MmoiyZ bmdmdo. H$mV d eI{Oao `mMr nyS>
Amo`m IaOoda bmdmdr.

bmdmdo qH$dm VwierMm ag AJmbm bmdmdm.

19) IaOoda e|JXmUo ghmUoda nm`mVyZ JYmgmaIo CJmiyZ

gH$mi-g`mH$mi bmdmdo d `mZm _ZwH$m Imd`mg m`m.

25) Chm`m_`o A{Ve` Km_ `oD$Z AJmda bmb aJmMm nwai

CR>Vmo d ImO{d`mda AJmMr AmJ hmoVo. `mbmM Km_moio Ago
hUVmV `mda MXZ CJmiyZ AJmbm bmdmdo. MXZ KamV Zgob Va
VwaQ>rMo nmUr H$Z Vo AJmbm bmdmdo. {\$im nm`mV H$mbdyZ
AJmbm bmdyZ nYam {_{ZQ>mZr ZmZ H$amdo. AZV_yimMm Mhm `mdm.
KamV AmnU XYgmIa d MhmMr nmdS>a KmbyZ nm`mV CH$iyZ
Ogm Mhm H$Z {nVmo VgmM hm Mhm H$amdm. _m `m_`o Mhm`m
EH$ M_Mm nmdS>a EodOr AYm M_Mm AZV_yimMo MyU Kmbmdo. ~mH$s
H$Vr VrM.

20) IO, Zm`Q>m Pmbobm ^mJ {\$im`m H$mT>mZo YwdZy , H$moaS>o

H$Z `mda nnBMm MrH$ bmdmdm.

26) Am~ohiX, H$Sy> {Oao Jmo_ymV dmQy>Z bmd`mg AJmdarb

nwai OmVmV.

21) Q>mH$ir`m {~`mMo dJmi Ho$bobo MyU H$aO VobmV KmbyZ

`mZo IO, Zm`Q>m Pmbo`m ^mJmda bmdmdo.

27)

19) dmdqS>J qH${MV ^aSy>Z, nmISy>Z Q>mHy$Z `m VmXimMo dJmi

MyU, {\$im d {ZemomamMo dJmi MyU g__mUmV EH${V H$Z
AYm M_Mm MyU d EH$ M_Mm Jyi EH$ H$mbdyZ Ja_ nm`m~amo~a
gmO-gH$mi `mdo. `mZo IO, Zm`Q>o {dH$ma ~ao hmoVmV.

22) H$aO Vob, qb~yag, JYH$ d H$mnya EH$ H$Z IO,

Bg~, JOH$U dJao {dH$mamV bmd`mZo dMm amoJ ~ao hmoVmV.
23) Mmb_moJam qH$dm H$Sy> H$dR>rMo Vob qH$dm VwdaH$ Vob, H$Sy>qb~
Vob, H$aO Vob H$mnya {_lrV `mnH$s Oo Vob ~mOmamV CnbY
Agob Vo dMm amoJmV, IO, Zm`Q>m, JOH$U `m {dH$mamV `mda
gH$mi g`mH$mi bmd`mZo ~ao hmoVmV.
24) JOH$U hm dMm {dH$ma gwm IoS>oJmdmV {XgVmo. dModa CM
d dmQ>mo`m AmH$mamMm nwai `oVmo. `mbm ImO AgVo d Vmo AJ^a
ngaV OmVmo. `mda _mohar, gYd, d XmhiX EH$ dmQy>Z `mMm
bon bmdmdm d dmi`mda nm`mZo nwgyZ H$mT>mdm. H$aOmMo ~r CJmiyZ
134

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

IaOoda AmH$X CJmiyZ bmdmdo.

28) H$m`\$i Vob - nZmg J_ \$imMr gmb AYdQ> R>oMyZ EH$

{bQ>a nm`mV KmbyZ A>_me H$mT>m H$amdm. Vmo JmiyZ KoD$Z ~mQ>brV
^Z R>odUo. `m VobmZo IO, JOH$U `m {dH$mamV \$m`Xm hmoVmo.
AJXIrV gwm ho Vob bmd`mZo ~ao dmQ>Vo.
29) bhmZ _wbmZm H$_r d OV Pmbo H$s H${nbm MyU {M_yQ>^a
KoD$Z `mV XY KmbyZ nmOmdo `mZo nmoQ> gm\$ hmoD$Z H$_r nS>VmV.
_moR>mg AYm M_Mm H${nbm MyU d ~marH$ Ho$bobm Jyi EH$ M_Mm
KmbyZ `m`m XmoZ Jmo`m H$Z amr Pmon`mnydu Ja_ nm`m~amo~a
`m`m. Xg`m {Xder gH$mir nmoQ> gm\$ hmoVo d OV AgVrb Va
nS>VmV.
30)

Or _wbo AJ YaV ZmhrV `mZm EH$ M_Mm bmo`mMr {daKi,

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

135

AYm M_Mm IS>rgmIa nyS> d EH$ M_Mm _YmVyZ MmQ>md`mg

{H$_mZ _{hmm^a mdo. `mZo ~migo MmJbo `oVo.
31) bhmZ _wbmZm Pmon `o`mgmR>r ~m|S>bo^a XYmV {M_yQ>^a ew
Ho$bo`m bmIoMo MyU KmbyZ nmOmdo. _moR>mZr AYm M_Mm bmIoMo
MyU, H$n^a herMo XY d IS>rgmIa nyS> EH$ M_Mm KmbyZ amr
OodU Pm`mda `mdo.
32) OmV er hmoUm`m _wbmbm _wS> e|J CJmiyZ {X`mg er Mo
_mU AmQ>mo`mV `oVo.
33) bhmZ _wbmMr aVr hJdU Vyn-_YmVyZ CJmibobo _m`\$i
KmbyZ MmQ>{dbr AgVm H$_r hmoVo. _m`\$imMr nyS> dN> H$mnS>m`m
nwaMwS>rV KmbyZ `m {`mZm _m{gH$ nmirV aVmd OmV hmoVmo
`mZr `moZrV R>od`mg Vmo H$_r hmoVmo.
34) bhmZ _wbm`m earamMr dmT> IwQy>Z, _wS>Xg Pmbobm Agob
qH$dm Anw`m dmT>rMr _wbo Ag`mg ^mObo`m e|JXm`mMm Hy$Q> EH$
M_Mm d gmIa EH$ M_Mm EH$ H$Z {XdgmVyZ XmoZ doim {X`mg,
Vo _mU H$mhr {XdgmZr XmoZ M_Mo Xm`mMm Hy$Q> d XmoZ M_Mo gmIa
H$Z _{hZm, XmoZ _{hZo mdm. `m _wbmMr dmT> MmJbr hmoVo.

37) VrZ Mma dfm`m bhmZ _wbmV H$_r, OV Pmbobo AmT>i`mg

AYm M_Mm {O`mMr nyS> d AYm M_Mm dmdqS>JmMr nyS> `mV ~marH$
Ho$bobm Jyi XmoZ M_Mo KmbyZ `m`m Mma-nmM Jmo`m H$Z R>odm`m.
H$mo_Q> nm`m~amo~a `m Jmo`m KoV`mda Mma nmM {XdgmV OV d
H$_r Z> hmoVmV.
38) bhmZ _wbo ghm _{h`mMr Pm`mda AYm M_Mm IgIg,
EH$ H$n XY d EH$ H$n nmUr, EH$ M_Mm IS>rgmIa KmbyZ EH$ H$n
Caon`V bmner H$amdr, `m_`o EH$ M_Mm Vyn KmbyZ `mg EHo$H$
M_Mm nmOmdr. hr bmner `m _wbmg _mZdbr Va Vo N>mZ geV
hmoVo. AWmV `m`m nMZeVrMm AXmO KoD$Z gwdmVrbm `mVrb
_mU {Z_o KoD$Z `mg XoD$Z AXmO `mdm. _moR>m _mUgmZm
H$moaS>m ImoH$bm AgVmZm `m bmnerZo \$m`Xm hmoVmo.
39) H$moa\$S>rMm ag AYm M_Mm, EH$ M_Mm _YmVyZ MmQ>{d`mg
bhmZ _wbmMm ImoH$bm H$_r hmoVmo.
40) bdH$a Z ~mobUm`m bhmZ _wbmZm H$mo> H$moqbOZ _YmV
CJmiyZ {O^obm bmdmdo d MmQ>dmdo `m_wio _wbo ~moby bmJVmV.

35) emioV OmUm`m d`m`m _wbmZm A{Vgma Pm`mg ~mi~ob

H$mMar, YZo, gwR>, ZmJa_moWm, A{V{df `mMo ^aS> MyU `oH$s VrZ
J_, AYm {bQ>a nm`mV KmbyZ A>_me H$mT>m H$Z gH$mig`mH$mi mdo `mZo A{Vgma Wm~Vmo.

41) bhmZ _wbm`m {O^oMm OS>nUm d ~mo~S>onUm Om`mg EH$

{M_yQ>^a AH$bH$m`m`m _wimMo dJmi MyU _Ym~amo~a MmQ>`mg
mdo. `mZo OS>nUm H$_r hmoVmo Am{U _wbo n> ~moby bmJVmV. bhmZ
_wbm`m AmH$S>rda AgoM XmoZ doim gmO-gH$mi MmQ>{d`mg AmH$S>r
H$_r hmoVo.

36) AJmda {nUm`m bhmZ _wbmMo nmoQ> \w$J`mg ha~`mEdT>r

{S>H$o _mbr XYmV CJmiyZ nmO`mZo nagmH$S>o gm\$ hmoD$Z nmoQ> CVaVo.
{edm` dZhr nm`mV CJmiyZ nmoQ>mg Mmoimdr.

42) bhmZ _wbo AWUmV Mma nmM dfmMr Pmbr Var ey H$aVmV.
`mda AYm M_Mm Amodm, EH$ M_Mm Vri d XmoZ M_Mo Jyi EH$
KmoQy>Z `m`m XmoZ-Mma Jmo`m H$Z amoO amr WmoS>m nm`m~amo~a

136

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

137

{Ji`mZVa amr Pmon`mnydu `mg ey H$adyZ Pmon{dUo. H$mhr

{XdgmVM Vmo {~N>m`mV ey H$aV Zmhr.

n[apWVrZwgma H$amdo.

43) bhmZ _wbm`m ImoH$`mV XmoZ Mma W|~ VwierMm ag,

~m|Sb>o^a XYmVyZ {X`mg ImoH$bm Wm~Vmo. VwierMm ag H$mTy>Z
Zm`Q>mda MmoiyZ bmd`mg Vmo ~am hmoVmo.

{`mZm doi`m doir nmir Z `oUo. nmir_`o aVmd

H$_r hmoUo, OmV hmoUo. nmir XmoZ VrZ _{hZo Z `oUo, AJmdZ nmT>am
md OmUo, nmir`m doir nmoQ>mV XIUo, ~miVnUmV mg hmoUo,
d`m`m MmirerZVa nmirMr A{Z`{_VVm, nmir OmVmZm hmoUmao
_mZ{gH$ mg d nwT>o hmVmanUmVrb mg H$Yr Hw$Umbm H$_r Va
Hw$Umbm A{YH$. AWmV nwfmZmhr CVmad`mV AZoH$ `mYtZm gm_moao
Omdo bmJVo. `mH$[aVm H$miOr KoUo Amn`m hmVmV Amho. Amnbo
dOZ AmQ>mo`mV R>odUo, `dgm`mZwgma Amhma d `m`m_ d
`gZmnmgyZ Xa amhUo ho Iao Va IS>Va dV Amho. nwT>o nmmmn
H$a`mnojm `mo` aVm {ZdS>mdm ho Amn`m hmVmV Amho. `mH$[aVm
_Z I~ra AgUo _hdmMo.

44) bhmZ _wbmZr Q>mMUr, nrZ, ZmUo ~Q>U dJao {Ji`mMo `mZmV
Am`mda Vo KemV Z AS>H$Vm OR>amV Jobobo Agob Va `mg EImXo
Xgao Ho$io Imd`mg mdo. `m`m Pmbo`m erda bj R>odmdo. Vo
nS>bobo {Xgbo Va H$mhr H$a`mMr JaO Zmhr A`Wm XdmIm`mV
`mdo.
***
_wbo, _wbr Oohm dmT>rg bmJVmV Vohm `mZm `mo` Amhma,
`mo` gd`r, A`mg d `m`m_ `mMr JmoS>r bmdmdr. AmR>dr, ZddrZVa
`oH$m`m ~m{H$ Hw$dVrZwgma Xhmdr, ~mamdr Pm`mda H$mbO
o _Yrb
{ejU dJao Jmo>tMm VmU nS>md`mg bmJVmo `mH$[aVm gmadVm{X
MyU, eInwnr {gan, gmdVm[a>, AJYm MyU, eVmdar MyU,
eVmdar H$n `mMm `mo` VhoZo dmna Ho$`mg `mMr JVr MmJbr
hmoVo. `m_`o AmB-dS>rb, nmbH$ `mMr {Z{VM O~m~Xmar dmT>Vo.
MmJ`m _wbmMr _r, V~mIy, JwQ>H$m, {gJaoQ>, _meZ `m `gZmnmgyZ
Xa am{h`mg EH$ Cm_ ZmJ[aH$ hmoUo ghO e` Amho.
_wbt`m ~m~VrV nmir gw Pm`mZVa `m`mV hmoUmao
emar[aH$ ~Xb d `mZVa Vm`mV Ho$bobo nXmnU. `m doiog AmBZo
{deof bj XoUo JaOoMo Amho. emar[aH$ dN>Vm d `mo` Amhma `m_wio
nw T >o gj_ _mVm hmo `mgmR>r `m M o nmbZ nmo f U Amnmn`m
138

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

***

{`mH$[aVm H$mhr AmfYo

1) EH$ H$n XY d EH$ H$n nm`mV nmM J_ gwR> WmoS>rer R>oMyZ
EH$ H$n Ca`mda JaOoZwgma gmIa KmbyZ, JmiyZ KoVbobo XY oV
XamV hUOo AJmda OmUm`m nmT>am mdmV \$m`Xoera AgVo.
`m{edm` `m ^mJmMr dN>Vm _hdmMr. {\$im H$mT>m JmiyZ KoD$Z
`mZo Vmo ^mJ YwUo.
2) XmhiX nm`mV ghmUoda JYmgmaIr CJmiy `m~amo~a
IS>rgmIa CJmiyZ Vo MmQ>U EH$ Vo XmoZ M_Mo gH$mi g`mH$mir
MmQ>`mg oV Xa ~am hmoVmo.
3) oV qH$dm aV XamV _m`\$i, ~m^irMr gmb, VwaQ>r
`oH$s Xhm J_ KoD$ AYm {bQ>a nm`mV KmbyZ, AY} AmQ>dyZ JmiyZ
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

139

KoD$Z `mV H$nS>m {^OdyZ md hmoUm`m OmJr Yamdm. Xa Wm~Vmo.

{edm` VwaQ>rMr bmhr {M_yQ>^a gmIa XmoZ M_Mo AYm H$n nm`mV
KmbyZ {n`mZo nmir`m doir Iyn _mUmV hmoUmam aVmd H$_r
hmoVmo.
4) ~m`H$mg {dQ>mim`m doir nmoQ> XIV AgyZ {dQ>mi gm\$
`oV Zgob Va nmd M_Mm Q>mH$UIma bmhr d EH$ M_Mm _Y KmbyZ
MmQ>mdo. doXZm Wm~VmV d AmVd gm\$ `oVo. nmoQ>mV XIV Zmhr.

10) `m ~m`H$mZm A{Z`{_V nmir `oVo `mZr H$mo> (CnboQ>)

`mMo MyU AYm M_Mm, XmoZ M_Mo _YmVyZ `mV qH${MV ^r_goZr
H$mnya KmbyZ MmQ>mdo. `m_wio nmir {Z`{_V `oVo.
11) Hw$irW qH$dm hbJo `mMo H$T>U KoV`mZo _m{gH$ nmir
`dpWV `oVo.
12) H$m`\$i MyU nmM J_ d _Y EH$ H$Z KoV`mZo ~m`H$mMm
_m{gH$Y_ MmJbm `oVmo.

5) nmT>`m OmdXr`m Mma nmM H$`m VwnmV naVyZ, gmIa

KmbyZ {e`m_mUo {eOdyZ Im`mV hUOo ~m`H$mMm oV Xa ~am
hmoVmo.

13) ~m`H$m`m aVXamda AemoH$djmMr AVagmb JYm_mUo

CJmiyZ Vo JY M_Mm-XmoZ M_Mo, AYu dmQ>r VmXimMo YwdU d EH$
M_Mm _Y EH$ H$Z KoV`mg aVXa ~am hmoVmo.

6) OQ>m_mgr MyU nmd M_Mm d doIS> MyU nmd M_Mm Xmohr EH$
H$Z Vo {^Oob EdT>m _Y KmbyZ MmQ>`mZo ~m`H$mMm {dQ>mi gm\$
`oVmo.

14) ZmaimMo XY EH$ H$n, JmBMo XY EH$ H$n, XmoZ M_Mo

Ahmird d Oar_mUo Jyi KmbyZ _Xmrda `mMr XmQ> bmner
H$Z ~miVrUrg {X`mZo {Vbm MmJbr eVr `oVo d XY MmJbo
gwQ>Vo.

7) ~m`H$m`m oVXamda JmoaIqMM \$moSy>Z AmVrb {nR>mgmaIm

Ja {ZKVmo Vmo nmQ>m dadQ>mda dmQy>Z `m`m dmQ>m`mEdT>m AmH$mam`m
Jmo`m H$am`m. `m {XdgmVyZ XmoZ-Mma Jmo`m VrZ doim nm`mVyZ
KoV`mg Vmo ~am hmoVmo.
8) JmoIMo MyU EH$ M_Mm, JmBMo Vyn XmoZ M_Mo, IS>rgmIaoMr
nyS> EH$ M_Mm EH$ H$Z KoV`mZo ~m`H$mZm {dQ>mi gm\$ `oVmo.
9) ImaHo$Mm A`V _moR>m Cn`moJ nmoQ> XIyZ _m{gH$ Y_ gm\$
Z hmoUm`m ~m`mg hmoVmo. `oH$ _{h`mg AmVd gm\$ hmoD$Z H$Vr
{ZamoJr amh`mgmR>r ImaH$mMo ~marH$ MyU EH$ M_Mm, XmoZ M_Mo
gmOyH$ VwnmVyZ gH$mi-g`mH$mi VrZ _{hoZo `mdo. `m_wio nmirMo
{dH$ma ~ao hmoVmV.
140

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

15) AiyMr ^mOr ~miVrUrg Im`mg {X`mZo {V`m AJmdaMo

XY dmT>Vo.
16) bmoYgmb MyU d Ym`Q>r`m \w$bmMo MyU `oH$s XmoZ J_
VmXim`m YwdUmVyZ KoV`mg aVXa Wm~Vmo.
17) ~miVrU Agbo`m rZo EH$ M_Mm ~miVemon d ^mObobr
~S>reon EH$ M_Mm Xmohr OodUmZVa MmdyZ Imdo. `mZo ~mim`m
nmoQ>mV Jg YaV Zmhr.
18) aVr_yi`mY d aVrXa `m_`o Agb ZmJHo$ea {M_yQ>^a,
bmoUr EH$ M_Mm d IS>rgmIaoMr nyS> EH$ M_Mm KmbyZ `mMo godZ
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

141

Ho$`mg \$m`Xm hmoVmo.

H$mhr AmfYo Or XmoKmZmhr Cn`wV R>aVrb

19) Ym`Q>r`m \w$bmMo dJmi MyU EH$ M_Mm, IS>rgmIa EH$

M_Mm, EH$ H$n XYmVyZ KoV`mg oVXa ~am hmoVmo d {dQ>mi
doi`m doir `oVmo.
20) _{h`mMo _{h`mg ~m`H$mZm {dQ>mi gm\$ `oV Zgob Va
Xd`mMo MyU AYm M_Mm {XdgmVyZ XmoZ VrZ doim D$Z nm`m~amo~a
{dQ>miernUmV KoV`mg {dQ>mi gm\$ `oVmo.
21) JamoXa {`mZm OgOgm J^ dmT>V OmVmo Vohm emMmbm mg
hmoVmo. Vohm VmOo AOra, ~mOmamV Agbo Va, ZmhrVa gwHo$ AOra,
H$m`m _ZwH$m, ~hm`m _JO EH$ H$Z qH$dm dVnUo nm`mV
{^OdyZ `mMo godZ H$amdo. `m_wio emMmMr VH$ma Xa hmoVo.
H$mhr H$mhr VH$mar r d nwfm_`o gma`mM AgVmV.
Ogo dmadma Owbm~ hmoUo, H$mhr doJio Im`mV Ambo H$s Z gmogUo,
H$Yr H$Yr emMmbm hmoVmZm Iyn mg hmoUo, _wi`mY, AJmV eVr
ZgUo, C_oX ZgUo, dMm amoJ, H$e eara AgUo qH$dm earamMo dOZ
Iyn dmT>Uo, gmYoXIr dJao `mH$[aVm XmoKmH$aVm AmfYr `o g_mZ
Agy eH$VmV _m {`mZr `mVrb AmfYmMo _mU H$_r KoUo qH$dm
_mm H$_r KoUo. H$mhr doim Kar H$aVm `oUo e` Zgob Va `mVrb
H$mhr V`ma H$mT>o hUOo Amgdo, A[a>o Or ~mOmamV CnbY AgVrb
Vr Imr`m H$nZrMr AmUmdr. `mMo AZw^d MmJbo Ambo Va nwT>rb
doim JaO nS>br Va AmUmdoV. eodQ>r Amn`mbm ~ao dmQ>Uo gdmV
_hdmMo.

142

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

1) eara {ZamoJr amhm`mgmR>r - gwadmar {haS>o MmJbo dOZXma

~KyZ AmUmdo. `mVrb ~r H$mTy>Z Q>mHy$Z \$im`m gmbrMo dJmi
MyU H$Z nwT>rb_mUo amr OodU Pm`mda KoV`mg eara {ZamoJr
amhmVo. Oo> d AmfmT> _{h`mV AYm M_Mm MyU d EH$ M_Mm Jyi,
lmdU d ^mnX _{h`mV AYm M_Mm MyU d AYm M_Mm gYd,
A{Z d H$m{VH$ _{h`mV AYm M_Mm MyU d EH$ M_Mm gmIa,
_mJerf d nmfmV AYm M_Mm MyU d AYm M_Mm gwR>, _mK d
\$mJwZ _{h`mV AYm M_Mm MyU d nmd M_Mm b|S>rqnnir MyU d
M d demI _{h`mV AYm M_Mm MyU d EH$ M_Mm _Y ho
gdgmYmaU _mU Amho. Amn`m H$Vrbm _mZdob `m_mUo `mMo
_mU H$_r OmV H$amdo. _m H$mhr mg hmoVmo Ago dmQ>bo Va d[aV
~X H$aUo d VkmMm gbm KoUo.
2) eVr `o`mgmR>r -gmb_{_lr nyS> AYm M_Mm, EH$ M_Mm
_Y d XmoZ M_Mo gmOyH$ Vyn EH$ H$Z Vo KoV`mda EH$ H$n XY
{nUo.
3) eara {ZamoJr amhm`mgmR>r - dmdqS>J VmXimMo dJmi
MyU d Oo>_Y MyU dJmi Ho$bobo {_iyZ AYm M_Mm, EH$ M_Mm
_Y d XmoZ M_Mo gmOyH$ Vyn EH$ H$Z KoUo.
4) ~m^irMm S>tH$ VwnmV ViyZ `m`m XnQ> gmIa KmbyZ
~aUrV R>odmdm. amoO XmoZ M_Mo XYm~amo~a KoV`mZo eVr `oVo qH$dm
qS>H$mMm bmSy> amoO Imdm. EH$ _{h`mV earamV VmH$X `oVo.
5) VmH$X `o`mgmR>r - OwZm Jyi XmoZeo J_, b|S>r qnnir,
{Oao, gwR> d Xmb{MZr `mMo g_^mJ MyU e^a J_, dobXmoS>o Xhm J_
KmbyZ Jwim`m nmH$mV dmQ>m`mEdT>m Jmo`m H$aUo. MmJ`m dmi`mda
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

143

~aUrV ^Z R>odUo. XYm~amo~a gH$mi g`mH$mi XmoZ XmoZ Jmo`m

KoUo.
6) Oo>_YmMo MyU AYm Vo EH$ M_Mm, _Y EH$ M_Mm, gmOyH$
Vyn XmoZ M_Mo EH$ H$Z {hdm`mV EH$ _{hZm {Z` `mdo. daVr
H$n^a XY `mdo `mZo earamV eVr `oD$Z eara {ZamoJr amhVo.
7) H$dM ~r MyU e^a J_, nmd {H$bmo Idm, JmBMo Vyn nmg
J_, gmIa AYm {H$bmo. H$T>BV _Xmrda JmB`m VynmV Idm MmJbm
naVyZ `mV H$dM ~r MyU KmbyZ MmJbo naVyZ `mdo. gmIaoMm VrZ
Vmar nmH$ H$Z `mV ho VynmV naVbobo {_lU KmbyZ `mV ~Xm_mMo
H$mn KmbyZ dS>m nmS>m`m. {hdm`mV amoO drg J_ n`V dS>m
ImD$Z da XY `mdo. eara gwT> hmoVo.
8) H$mohionmH$ - amr {nH$bo`m H$mohimMm H$sg EH$ {H$bmo.
`mVbo nmUr {niyZ PmHy$Z R>odmdo. gH$mir Vmo H$sg JmB`m VwnmV
MmJbm naVyZ `mV eVmdar, JmoI, Oo>_Y, AJYm d H$dM~rM
`mMo dJmi MyU `oH$s Vrg J_ `m _mUo KoD$Z Vo hr VynmV
MmJbo ^mOmdo. H$moh`mMo H$mTy>Z R>odbo`m nm`mV XmoZ {H$bmo gmIa
KmbyZ VrZ Vmar nmH$ H$amdm. `m_`o H$mohimMm H$sg, darb
AmfYmMo VynmV naVbobo MyU d Xhm J_ dobXmoS>mMo MyU d Ho$ea
XmoZ J_ KmbyZ VwnmMm hmV bmdbo`m VmQ>mV AmoVyZ dS>m H$am`m.
amoO EH$ `m_mUo {hdm`mV Imdr. `mZo _mUyg geV hmoVmo.
9) EH$ H$n XY d EH$ H$n nmUr, H$mo> H$moqiOZ Xhm J_ R>oMyZ
`mV KmbyZ EH$ H$n {ebH$ amhrn`V H$T>dmdo. JmiyZ KoD$Z EH$
M_Mm Vyn KmbyZ `mdo. `mZo MmJbr eVr `oVo.
10) EH$ {H$bmo nmT>ao H$mXo {H$gyZ, EH$ {bQ>a _YmV Vmo H$sg
KmbyZ {MZr _mVr`m ~aUrV {\$aH$sMo K> PmH$U bmdyZ daVr

XmXam ~mYyZ ghm AmR>dS>o Vo {_lU PmHy$Z R>odyZ ZVa EHo$H$ M_Mm
Vo {_lU gH$mi g`mH$mir godZ Ho$`mg eVr `oVo.
11) AJYm MyU AYm M_Mm, Vyn EH$ M_Mm d JmBMo XY
H$n^a d gmIa JaOo_mUo KmbyZ Vo XY `m``mZo MmJbr eVr
`oVo. ~m`H$mZm J^ amh`mgmR>r d Vmo dmT>{d`mgmR>r VgoM XY
MmJbo `o`mgmR>r `m XYmMm Cn`moJ hmoVmo.
12) AmX`m amr Cm_ VrMm IOya _JO XmoZ ZJ KoD$Z
dN> nwgyZ `mVrb ~r H$mTy>Z `m Xmohr_`o bmoUr ^Z {M_yQ>^a
{_anyS> Kmbmdr. am^a PmHy$Z R>odyZ Xgao {Xder mV{dYr Pm`mda
Vo {_lU gmdH$me MmdyZ ImD$Z ZVa H$n^a Ja_ XY d EH$ M_Mm
gmIa KmbyZ `mdo. Xa AmR>do {Xder IOya Ja EH$ ZJ dmT>dmdm.
nmM ZJmn`V dmT>dZy Vo _mU Mmby R>do mdo. emar[aH$ eVr d _mZ{gH$
Cgmh `m `moJmZo dmT>Vmo.
13) AYm AH$moS>_JO, EH$ gmIar ImarH$, {M_yQ>^a {_anyS> d
EH$ M_Mm gmOyH$ Vyn nH$s AH$moS>_JO d ImaHo$Mo MyU H$Z Vyn
nmVi H$Z EH$m dmQ>rV {_anyS>ghrV EH$ H$Z AmXbo amr
dmQ>rV PmHy$Z R>odyZ Xg`m {Xder gH$mir mV:{dYrZVa ho {_lU
MmdyZ Imdo. ZVa H$n^a XY d gmIa EH$ M_Mm KmbyZ meZ
H$amdo. `mZo _Zmo~b, A{~b d Xoh~b dmT>ob.
14) {~`m`m ~rbm JmoS>~r hUVmV. AmXbo amr JmoS>~r VrZ
ZJ, H$m`m _ZwH$m gmV, EH$ M_Mm gmOyH$ Vyn ho {_lU dmQy>Z
V`ma H$Z R>odyZ Xgao {Xder gH$mir mV:{dYrZVa gmdH$me
MmdyZ Im`mZVa H$n^a Ja_ XY d EH$ M_Mm gmIa KmbyZ
`mdo. Xhm {XdgmZr VrZ JmoS>m`m d gmV _ZwH$m dmT>dm`m. {Vgmdo
{Xder ZD$ JmoS>m`m, EH$drg _ZwH$m d XmoZ M_Mo gmOyH$ Vyn
`m_mUo KoD$Z VoM _mU nwT>o Mmby R>odmdo. bhmZ _wbmZm _m XmoZ

144

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

145

JmoS>m`m, nmM _ZwH$m d AYm M_Mm Vyn hoM _mU R>odmdo. `mZo
~bajU d _b{dgOZ `mMo H$m` `mo` hmoD$Z eara {ZamoJr amhVo.
15) ~m^ir`m PmS>mMm qS>H$ e^a J_, V`mda gmOyH$ Vyn
KmbyZ qS>H$mMo IS>o _X AmModa bmhr_mUo \w$bVmV d hbHo$ hmoVmV.
WS> Pm`mda `mMr {_ga_`o nyS> H$amdr. EH$m dN> H$mMo`m
~aUrV `m qS>H$mMr nyS>, e^a J_, nmd {H$bmo IS>rgmIaoMr ~marH$
nyS> H$$Z Vr `m ~aUrV Kmbmdr d nmd {H$bmo gmOyH$ Vyn nmVi
H$Z Vohr KmbyZ gd {_lU EH$Ord H$amdo.
AmXbo {Xder amr EH$ M_Mm Ahmird nmd dmQ>r nm`mV
{^OV KmbyZ Xgao {Xder gH$mir `m hird {_lUmV darb qS>H$,
Vyn, IS>rgmIa `m {_lUmVrb XmoZ M_Mo {_lU KmbyZ T>diyZ ZVa
`m_`o EH$ H$n AmYUmMo XY KmbyZ, T>diyZ Vo gd {_lU `mdo.
bhmZ _wbmZm {Z_o qH$dm EH$ VVr`me `m _mUmV mdo. J{^Ur
{`m d ~miVrU {`m `mZm ho {_lU {X`mZo J^mMr d `m rMr
dmT> Cm_ hmoVo, AJmda ^anya XY `o`mg d J^me`mMr mg{JH$
X~bVm Vm~S>Vmo~ H$_r hmo`mg Cm_ Cn`moJ hmoVmo. VU _wbo d
_wbr `mMo gd earao{`mMo nmofU hmoVo Am{U ~bgdYZ m {H$`m
Cm_ hmoVmV.
16) AmXbo amr EH$ gwHo$ AOra, Xhm _ZwH$m, {M_yQ>^a {_anyS> d
EH$ M_Mm Vyn EH$ dmQy>Z, PmHy$Z R>odyZ Xgao {Xder mV[dYr
Pm`mZVa ho {_lU ImD$Z H$n^a Ja_ XY d EH$ M_Mm gmIa
EH$ H$Z {nUo. hm `moJ VVrH$a d ema[aH$ eVrMm dmT> H$aUmam
Amho.
17) AmXbo amr VrZ ~Xm_ ~r KoD$Z nmd dmQ>r Ja_ nm`mV
{^OV KmbyZ Xgao {Xder gH$mir `mMr gmb H$mTy>Z ~marH$ dmQy>Z

qH$dm ghmUoda `mMo XYmV JY CJmimdo. `m ~Xm_ JYmV EH$

M_Mm MmJbm JwbH$X d XmoZ {M_Q>r AJYm MyU dJmi Ho$bobo
EH$ H$mbdyZ Vo {_lU ImD$Z daVr H$n^a XY gmIa {_lU
`mdo. earamMr, _ZmMr, gdmJrU dmT> hmo`mg _XV hmoD$Z nMkmZo{`o,
nM H$_}{`o Am{U _Z `mMo earamMo A{dlmV hmbMmbrV ghH$m`
{_im`mg Cm_ Cn`moJ hmoVmo. eara d _Z gwT> Am{U gn
~Z`mg {Z{V _XV hmoVo. `m H$nmVrb _mU _moR>m _mUgmMo
{Xbo. bhmZ _wbmg d`mo_mZm_mUo H$_r A{YH$ Amd`H$VoZwgma
~Xb H$amdm.
18) AmXbo amr nmd dmQ>r H$mo_Q> nm`mV XrS> M_Mo gmbmgh
CS>XmMr S>mi (nmR>rMr S>mi) {^OV KmbyZ Xgao {Xder nmQ>mda
~marH$ dmQ>mdr. dmQ>Vo doirM `mMo ~amo~a VrZ H$mio {_ao dmQmdoV.
ZVa Vo {_lU EH$ H$n Ja_ XYmV nmd M_Mm gwR>oMr nyS> Am{U EH$
M_Mm nr IS>r gmIaoMr nyS> KmbyZ `m gd {_lUmg A{da R>odyZ
EH$ H$T> `oBn`V VmndyZ CVadyZ `mdo. Koddob Ago Ja_ Pm`mda
gmdH$me `mdo. `m_wio gd emara{H$`m gwairV hmoD$Z eara nyddV
[ZamoJr hmoD$Z >hm H$n KoV`mZo earamVrb {VH$ma eVr gXd
OmJV amhZ AmnU H$moU`mhr n[apWVrg Vm|S> Xo`mg gXd g_W
amh eH$Vmo.
19) JmoaIqMMoMm Ja ghm J_, Xhm H$m`m _ZwH$m d Xhm J_
IS>rgmIa ho {_lU EH$ H$Z dmQy>Z `m`m ghm Jmo`m gma`m
AmH$mam`m H$Z amoO gH$mir Cnmer nmoQ>r XmoZ Jmo`m ImD$Z da
H$mo_Q> XY AJa nmUr `mdo. XmoZ doim OodUm_`o {Z_o OodU
Pm`mda XmoZ XmoZ Jmo`m KoD$Z OodU nyU H$amdo. hm H$_ {ZXmZ
VrZ _{hZo Var H$amdm. nMZ{H$`m gwYmaVo. {`mMo nmirMo {dH$ma

146

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

147

Z> hmoD$Z {Z`{_V nmir `oVo.

20) JmoaIqMMmdboh - JmoaIqMMm ghm ZJ AmUyZ \$moS>y Z `mVrb
Ja H$mTy>Z OmS> ~wS>m`m Q>oZbog Q>rb`m nmVo`mV ghm {bQ>a
nmUr KmbyZ `mV Vmo H$mT>bobm Ja, XmoZeo J_ H$m`m _ZwH$m KmbyZ
Vo {_lU am^a R>odmdo. Xgao {Xder gH$mir _`_ Arda XrS>
{bQ>a {ebH$ amhrn`V AmQ>dZy , WS> Pm`mda JmiyZ KoD$Z `m_`o
EH$ {H$bmo gmIa KmbyZ `mMm Cm_ nmH$ hmoBn`V H$T>dmdo d WS>
Pm`mda dN> H$mMo`m ~aUrbm bdJmMr Ywar XoD$Z `mV hm
Adboh ^Z R>odmdm. JaOoZwgma {Pd}{Q>h Kmbmdo. {XdgmVyZ gmO
gH$mi EH$ XmoZ M_Mo `mdm. `mZo Ab{nmm`m VH$mar Z> hmoVmV
VgoM {`m`m {dQ>mimg~Yr gd VH$mar Xa hmoVmV.
21) amoO amr nmd {bQ>a XY Cm_ VmndyZ Vo H$mo_Q> Pm`mda
`mg {daOU bmdyZ Xgao {Xder gH$mir Xhr bmJob Vo EH$m dN>
\$S>`mV ~mYyZ, Q>mJyZ R>odyZ `mVrb gd nmUr {ZWiyZ Jo`mda
gmoSy>Z `m M`m_`o Mma Vo ghm M_Mo gmIa KmbyZ MmiUrda
AJa \$S>`mda \o$Q>mdo Am{U EH$Ord Pmbobo lrIS> gm`H$miMo
gw_mamg Imdo. bhmZ _wbmZm Zdom`m dmQ>r^a mdo.
`m `moJmZo amoO`m hmbMmbr, Ymdni `m_wio Cn Pmbobr
emar[aH$ Am{U _mZ{gH$ AeVVm bdH$amV bdH$a H$_r hmoD$Z
eara H$m`j_ d _Z gwg amhVo. hm `moJ nmdgm`mV H$ Z`o.
22) nmg J_ gwaU YwdyZ VwH$S>o H$Z Hw$H$a_`o _D$ga
{eOdmdm. ZVa `m_`o AYm M_Mm {Oao WmoS>mem MmJ`m VwnmV
naVyZ Vo `mV {_gimdo. XmoZ M_Mo gmIa, XmoZ M_Mo Amobo Imo~ao,
EH$ Vo XrS> M_Mm gmOyH$ Vyn, WmoS>r H$moqW~ra KmbyZ gH$miMm
ZmVm hUyZ Imdo. `mZo ^yH$ bmJ`m`m VH$mar, nmoQ>mV Jw~mam
148

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

YaUo, Ood`mZVa nmoQ> \w$JUo, _bmdamoY hmoUo, Am~Q> H$anQ> T>oH$a

`oU,o _wi`mYrnmgyZ mg hmoU,o _mZ{gH$ Adm`, WmoS>mem l_mZohr
A{YH$ WH$dm, {Zgmh `m VH$mar ~`m hmoVmV. _Yw_ho tZr gmIaoEdo Or
MdrZwgma gYd, Ambo {H$gyZ Kmbmdo. ~miVrUtZr godZ Ho$`mg
Jobobr eVr bdH$a ^Z `oBb.
gwaUgmb H$mTy>Z dm\$dyZ `mMm H$sg ChmV dmidyZ R>odyZ
`mMr XYmVrb JmoS> Ira, VgoM VmH$mVrb Ira Ow`m dnm`m
_wi`mYr`m amo`mg mdr.
23) Cm_ OmVrMo Jh dN> {ZdS>bobo EH$ {H$bmo KoD$Z Mmodrg
Vmg WS> nm`mV {^OV KmbyZ Mmodrg VmgmZVa CngyZ, \$S>`mV
JwS>miyZ XS>nyZ R>odmdo. {Vgao {Xder `mModa WmoS>m nm`mMm dZM
{eS>H$mdm H$amdm. MdWo {Xder `m Jhmg Cm_ _moS> Am`mZVa
gmdbrV gwH$dyZ H$moaS>o Pm`mda V`mda ^mOyZ XiyZ nrR> H$amdo.
amoO gH$mir EH$ H$n XYmV EH$ M_Mm^a nrR>, EH$ M_Mm^a gmIa
KmbyZ CnmernmoQ>r `mdo. bhmZ _wb,o r-nwf, ~miVrUrg, J{^Urg,
XrKH$mbrZ AmOmanUmV `mdo.
da gm{JV`m_mUo Jh _moS> `oD$Z V`ma Pm`mda gwH$dyZ
ZwgVo VwnmV Vibo Va Cm_ \w$bVmV. VgoM M{d> bmJVmV. ~aoM
{Xdg {Q>H$VmV. `m`m godZmZo eara VXV amhmVo.
***
H$mhr _hdmMr MyU}o
1) X`mMr VmH$X dmT>{dUmao MyU - AOwZgmb MyU ghm ^mJ,
AJYm MyU VrZ ^mJ, ~mr MyU VrZ ^mJ, nwH$a_yi MyU Vo Z
{_im`mg H$mo> (CnnboQ>) MyU VrZ ^mJ, ew JwJwi VrZ ^mJ,
Xmb{MZr MyU EH$ ^mJ. gd MyU} EH$ H$Z adm Mmi`m`m
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

149

MmiUrZo MmiyZ EH$ H$Z R>odUo. EH$ H$n XY d EH$ H$n nmUr.
AOwZgmb 3 J_, gwR> {M_yQ>^a, dmdqS>J XmUo 2-4 ^aS> Hw$Qy>Z EH$
H$n Caon`V AmQ>dyZ JmiyZ KoD$Z `m~amo~a darb MyU AYm M_Mm
gH$mir VgoM g`mH$mir `mdo. X`{dH$mamda Cm_ Q>m{H$H$ Amho.
2) n> ~mob`mH$[aVm bhmZ _wbmMo MyU - (n{hbo) - ~mr
MyU XmoZ ^mJ, doIS>, YZo, H$mo>, gwR> `mMr MyU EHo$H$ ^mJ EH$
H$Z MmiyZ ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odmdo. Or bhmZ _wbo bdH$a ~mobV
ZmhrV qH$dm ~mobVmZm AS>IiVmV `mZm nmd M_Mm MyU, EH$
M_Mm _YmVyZ MmQ>dmdo VgoM WmoS>ogo {O^oda Mmoimdo.$
3) n> ~mob`mH$[aVm bhmZ _wbmMo MyU - (Xgaoo) - b|S>r
qnnir MyU EH$ ^mJ, Agb H$mV MyU EH$ ^mJ, Amodm MyU EH$
^mJ, gwR> EH$ ^mJ, {haS>m EH$ ^mJ, gYd EH$ ^mJ, {Oao XmoZ$ ^mJ,
H$mo> Mma$ ^mJ, Oo>_Y Mma$ ^mJ, doIS> nmM ^mJ, `m_mUo gd
AmfYmMo MyU EH$ H$Z MmiyZ ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odUo. Or _wbo
d`mZwgma ~mobV ZmhrV qH$dm ~mobVmZm AS>IiVmV `mZm nmd
M_Mm MyU EH$ M_Mm _YmVyZ MmQ>dmdo.
4) ~wr ~bdYH$ MyU - {MH$ EH$ ^mJ, _{O>m XmoZ$ ^mJ,
{\$im XmoZ ^mJ, ~mr VrZ ^mJ, d ~bm Mma ^mJ mMr MyU} EH$
H$Z MmiyZ nmd M_Mm MyU, EH$ M_Mm bmo`mMr {daKi, AYm
M_Mm _Y EH$ H$Z _wbmZm MmQ>dmdo.

m`m bmJVmV. `mnojm emioV OmUm`m _wbmZm nmd Vo AYm M_Mm

MyU EH$ M_Mm eInwnr {gan d EH$ M_Mm nmUr KmbyZ `m~amo~a
mdo. qH$dm IOwamVrb {~`m H$mTy>Z `mMm Ja MyUm`m AXmOmZo
KoD$Z MyU d IOyamMm Ja `mMo {_lU {_ga_YyZ H$mTy>Z dmQ>m`m`m
AmH$mam`m Jmo`m H$Z `m gmdbrV gwH$dyZ ~mQ>brV ^Z R>do m`m.
`m Jmo`m amoO gH$mir XmoZ d amr PmonVmZm XmoZ XYm~amo~a
m`m. `m_wio bhmZ _wbmMr A`mgmV MmJbr JVr hmoVo. `mZo
_aUeVr dmT>Vo. ~wr VbI hmoVo.
5) `dZ MyU - JmoI, ^wB Amdim, Jwidob, AJYm, eVmdar,
H$dM ~r, ZmJa_moWm, V_mbn, ZmJHo$ea `oH$s EH$ ^mJ d Amdim
VrZ ^mJ `m gdmMo dJmi MyU H$Z ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odmdo. amoO
AYm M_Mm MyU, EH$ M_Mm _Y d XmoZ M_Mo Vyn EH$ H$Z
~mQ>brV ^Z R>odmdo. amoO AYm M_Mm MyU, EH$ M_Mm _Y d XmoZ
M_Mo Vyn EH$ H$Z gH$mir d amr `mdo. `m_wio eara {ZamoJr
amhVo.
6) _aUeVrdmT>rgmR>r MyU - doIS> EH$ ^mJ, Oo>_Y EH$
^mJ, MXZ EH$ ^mJ, AJYm XmoZ ^mJ, ~mr nmM ^mJ `m gdmMo
MyU dJmi H$Z ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odmdo. amr Pmon`mnydu AYm
M_Mm MyU, EH$ M_Mm gmOyH$ Vyn d AYm M_Mm _Y `mgh godZ
H$aUo. d`mZwgma {dga`mMo _mU dmTy> bmJbo Va ho MyU Cn`moJr.

5) gmadV MyU - H$mo> EH$ ^mJ, AJYm EH$ ^mJ, gYd

EH$ ^mJ, Amodm EH$ ^mJ, {Oao EH$ ^mJ, ehm{Oao EH$ ^mJ, gwR> EH$
^mJ, {_ao EH$ ^mJ, qnnir EH$ ^mJ, nhmS>_yi EH$ ^mJ, eInwnr
EH$ ^mJ, d doIS> AH$am ^mJ. `m MyUmbm ~mr agm`m gmV ^mdZm

7) {ZmH$a> MyU - qnni_yi, ~mr, OQ>m_mgr, gnJYm,

AJYm, Y_mgm, eInwnr, IwamgZr Amodm d Om`\$i g__mUmV
KoD$Z `mZm IgIer`m H$mT>m`m ^mdZm XoUo. `m `Vrbm
Pmon `oV Zmhr qH$dm {ZmZmemMm {dH$ma Amho, _mZ{gH$ VmU VUmd
AmhoV `mZr AYm M_Mm MyU, XmoZ M_Mo mjmgd d XmoZ M_Mo nmUr

150

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

151

`m~amo~a KoUo.
8) j`ZmeH$ MyU - gwR>, {_ao, qnnir, {haS>m, ~ohS>m,
AmdiH$mR>r, dobXmoS>m, Om`\$i, bdJ, g_^mJ EH$ H$Z `mMo
dJmi MyU ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odUo. EH$ M_Mm MyU, XmoZ M_Mo Vyn d
EH$ M_Mm _Y gmO-gH$mi `mdo.
9) aVXm~ H$_r H$aUmao MyU - gnJY m MyU EH$ ^mJ, eInwnr
MyU XmoZ ^mJ, OQ>m_mgr MyU EH$ ^mJ, ~mr MyU XmoZ ^mJ, dobXmoS>m
AYm ^mJ, H$mio {_ao nmd^mJ EH$ H$Z `mMo dJmi MyU H$amdo.
dN> ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odmdo. amoO gH$mir d g`mH$mir nmd Vo
AYm M_Mm MyU (Imr`m Jwbm~nm`m~amo~a) XmoZ M_Mo nmUr KmbyZ
KoUo qH$dm gmadVmgd XmoZ M_`m~amo~a KoUo.
10) _Yw_ohmH$[aVm MyU - BOd EH$ ^mJ, {dO`gma XmoZ$
^mJ, nwZZdm XmoZ ^mJ, Jwidob XmoZ ^mJ, JmoI XmoZ ^mJ, {haS>m
XmoZ ^mJ, Am~ohiX XmoZ ^mJ, XmhiX XmoZ ^mJ, EaS>_yi XmoZ
^mJ, dmdqS>J XmoZ ^mJ, Amdim XmoZ ^mJ, AJYm XmoZ ^mJ, _o`m
XmoZ ^mJ, gwR> XmoZ ^mJ, Om^yi ~r XmoZ ^mJ, ~obmMr dmibobr nmZo
XmoZ ^mJ, JwS>_ma Mma ^mJ d gVaJr AmR> ^mJ `m gdmMr MyU}
dJmi H$Z EH${V H$Z ~mQ>brV ^aUo. amoO Xmohr doi`m
OodUmZVa AYm M_Mm MyU H$mo_Q> nm`m~amo~a KoUo.
11) dOZ H$_r H$a`mgmR>r MyU - ~mr EH$ ^mJ, gwR> EH$
^mJ, Hw$Q>H$s XmoZ ^mJ, {haS>m XmoZ ^mJ, Amdim XmoZ ^mJ, ~ohS>m
XmoZ ^mJ mMo MyU H$Z dJmi H$Z Xmohr doi`m OodUmnydu
AYm M_Mm MyU d XmoZ M_Mo _YmVyZ qH$dm Ja_ nm`m~amo~a KoUo.
12) _yi`mYr`m {dH$mamgmR>r Jmo`m - {_ao, {Oao, b|S>r qnnir
152

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

`oH$s nmM J_, qnni_yi, OdIma `oH$s Xhm J_, MdH$ nYam
J_, {MH$ drg J_, {haS>o Xb nMdrg J_, gwR> Vrg J_, JmoS>m~r
Mmirg J_, gyaU Eer J_ EHy$U XmoZeo nMoMmirg J_ d Jyi AYm
{H$bmo KoD$Z bmoIS>m`m H$T>BV W_ JyimMm MmJbm nmH$ H$Z
`mV gd {OZgmMo dJmi MyU H$Z Kmbmdo. gd EH$Ord Pm`mda
`m`m dmQ>m`m`m AmH$mam`m Jmo`m H$Z MmJ`m gwH$dm`m.
`mZm _yi`mYrMm mg Amho `mZr amoO gmO-gH$mi XmoZ XmoZ
Jmo`m nm`m~amo~a `m`m.
13) XVYmdZ MyU - {\$im MyU nmg J_, H$mVmMo MyU nmg
J_, bmoY MyU nmg J_, S>mit~ gmb, ~Hy$i gmb d Oo>_Y MyU
`oH$s nMdrg J_, {^_goZr H$mnya Xhm J_, gd MyU EH$ H$Z
dJmi H$amdo. `mZo {Z` XmV Kmg`mZo XmVmMr _wio d {haS>m
~iH$Q> hmoVmV. XmVmVyZ aV `oV Agob, XmV XIV AgVrb `m
MyUmZo MmJbm \$aH$ nS>Vmo.
14) XVajH$ MyU - H$mnya Xhm J_, Q>mH$UIma bmhr, H$mV d
_m`\$i `mMo MyU `oH$s drg J_, VwaQ>rMr bmhr Mmirg J_ d
nmT>`m ISy>Mr ^wH$Q>r E|er J_ `m gdmMr dJmi Ho$bobr nyS> EH$
H$Z ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odmdo. `mZo gwm XmV hbUo, {haS>mVyZ,
XmVmVyZ aV `oUo dJao VH$mar Xa hmoVmV.
15) H$\$ZmeH$ Jmo`m - Q>mH$UIma bmhr, OdIma, qnnir d
{haS>o Xi `oH$s nMdrg J_ KoD$Z EHy$U MyU e^a J_ d XmoZeo
J_ Jyi ~marH$ {MZ `m`m nmH$mV ho MyU KmbyZ dmdqS>Jm`m
AmH$mam`m Jmo`m V`ma H$Z, gwH$`m H$s ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odm`m.
CMH$s, ImoH$bm, mg bmJUo dJao {dH$mamV XmoZ XmoZ Jmo`m OarZwgma
Vm|S>mV Yam`m.
nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

153

16) g_eH$a MyU - gwR> gmV ^mJ, qnnir ghm ^mJ, {_ao nmM
^mJ, ZmJHo$ea Mma ^mJ, V_mbn VrZ ^mJ, Xmb{MZr XmoZ ^mJ,
dobXmoS>m EH$ ^mJ `m gd MyUm`m EH${V dOZmEdT>r IS>rgmIa
KoD$Z `m gdmMo gy_ MyU H$Z `mZm _yi`mY Amho, ImoH$bm
Amho, Vm|S>mbm Md Zmhr, KemMo {dH$ma AmhoV, N>mVrV XIVo `mZr
amoO gmO gH$mi EHo$H$ M_Mm Vm|S>mV Q>mH$mdo.
17) dobXmoS>m MyU - dobXmoS>m EH$ ^mJ, Xmb{MZr XmoZ ^mJ, {_ao
VrZ ^mJ, gwR> Mma ^mJ, qnnir nmM ^mJ d ZmJHo$ea Agb ghm
^mJ `mMo gy_ MyU H$Z `m`m EH${V dOZmEdT>o IS>rgmIaoMo
MyU H$Z Vo gd dJmi H$Z ~mQ>brV ^amdo. ho MyU gwm
gmOgH$mi EHo$H$ M_Mm `mdo. `mZo Vm|S>mbm Md ZgUo, ZmH$mVm|S>mVyZ
aV `oUo, KemMo {dH$ma, _yi`mY, j`amoJmV MmJbm \$m`Xm hmoVmo.
18) dobXmoS>m MyU - nmR> Xgam - dobXmoS>m, bdJ, ZmJHo$ea,
gmir`m bmhm, Jhbm, ZmJa_moWm, MXZ d qnnir `mMo g_^mJ
dJmi MyU H$Z ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odmdo. Hw$R>`mhr H$maMr AmoH$mar
hmoV AgVmZm AYm M_Mm MyU d EH$ M_Mm _Y EH$ H$Z MmQ>Uo.
19) Vm{bgm{X MyU - dobXmoS>o d Xmb{MZr `oH$s AYm ^mJ,
Vmbrgn EH$ ^mJ, {_ao XmoZ ^mJ, gwR> VrZ ^mJ, qnnir Mma ^mJ,
debmoMZ nmM ^mJ, IS>rgmIa ~mrg ^mJ KoD$Z `mMo gy_ MyU
H$amdo. ho MyU KoVbo AgVm Vm|S>mbm Md ZgUo, nmoQ>\w$Jr, mg,
ImoH$bm, AmoH$mar, Vmn, ^yH$ Z bmJUo ho {dH$ma Xa hmoVmV.

~mQ>brV ^$Z R>odmdo. ImoH$bm, Vmn, Amda dmgZm ZgUo, OodU Z

OmUo, Amd nS>Uo, `m {dH$mamV gmOgH$mi EH$ EH$ M_Mm KoUo.
21) _yi`mYrH$[aVm Jmo`m - nmR> Xgam - {_ao, qnnir, H$mo>,
gYd, {Oao, gwR>, doIS>, qhJ, dmdqS>J, {haS>o, {MH$, Amodm gd
g_mZ KoD$Z `mMo dJmi MyU H$$Z `m`m dOZm`m XnQ> Jyi
KoD$Z Vo gd {_lU {_ga_YyZ {\$adyZ qH$dm nmQ>m dadQ>mda
dmQy>Z `m`m dmQ>m`mEdT>m Jmo`m H$Z `m gwH$`mda ~aUrV
^$Z _wi`mYr`m UmZo gH$mir d g`mH$mir XmoZ XmoZ Jmo`m
`m`m d n`mZo amhmdo hUOo _yi`mYrMm mg H$_r hmoVmo.
22) ZmamM MyU - IS>rgmIa Mmirg J_, {Zemoma Mmirg J_
d qnnir Xhm J_ `mMo gy_ MyU H$amdo. ho MyU EH$ M_Mm d _Y EH$
M_Mm Xmohr OodUmnydu MmQ>mdo hUOo {nmO`, dmVO` {dH$ma d
emMmbm Z hmoUo qH$dm gm\$ Z hmoUo `mda Cm_ AmfY Amho.
23) A{Vgma d gJhUrda Jmo`m - debmoMZ Xhm J_,
Xmb{MZr, V_mbn, dobXmoS>o `oH$s drg J_, Amodm, {Oao, YZo,
doIS>, gwR>, {_ao d b|S>r qnnir `oH$s Mmirg J_ d _moMag nmg
J_ hr gd AmfYo ~marH$ Hw$Qy>Z `mMo dJmi MyU H$amdo. S>mit~mMm
ag H$mTy>Z Vo MyU {^Oob EdT>m ag KmbyZ MmJbo KmoQy>Z dmdqS>Jm`m
AmH$mam`m Jmo`m H$Z MmJ`m dmidyZ ~aUrV R>odm`m. `m XmoZ
XmoZ Jmo`m `mZm Imbobo A nMV Zmhr, Ood`mda Owbm~
hmoVmV qH$dm _waS>m hmoD$Z Amd nS>Vo AemZr dmQ>r^a VmH$m~amo~a
Xmohr OodUmZVa `m`m.

20) bdJm{X MyU - bdJ, qnnir, Om`\$i `oH$s Xhm J_,

{_ao drg J_, gwR> EH$eo gmR> J_ d IS>rgmIa `m gd MyUm`m
dOZmEdT>r hUOo XmoZeo Xhm J_ KoD$Z gdmMo gy_ MyU H$Z

24) aV ew H$a`mgmR>r MyU - Oo>_Y MyU nmg J_,

^mOyZ KoVbo`m ~S>reonoMo MyU nmg J_, VwnmV ^mOyZ KoVbo`m

154

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

155

gmoZm_wIr`m nmZmMo MyU nMdrg J_ d IS>rgmIaoMo MyU XrS>eo J_

`m_mUo KoD$Z `mMo EH${V dJmi MyU H$Z MmJ`m ~aUrV
^Z R>odmdo. ho MyU amr OodU Pm`mda EH$ M_Mm Ja_ nm`m~amo~a
KoUo. `mZo aV ew hmoD$Z dMm {dH$ma ~ao hmoVmV.
25) ImaH$mMo bmoUMo - {~`m H$mT>bo`m ImaH$mMo VwH$S>o XmoZeo
J_, Am`mMo daMr nmVi gmb H$mTy>Z `mMo gwm ~marH$ VwH$S>o
XmoZeo J_, gwR>, {_ao, qnnir, {Oao d ~S>reon `oH$s nmM J_
`m_mUo KoD$Z `mMo MyU `m`m_`o KmbyZ Vo gd {^Oob EdT>m
qb~mMm ag Kmbmdm. nmM J_ [hJ Vwnmda naVyZ `mMo MyU d gYd
d gMi (nmXobdU) MdrZwgma KmbyZ ho gd {_lU hUOoM bmoUMo
EH$m H$moaS>m ~aUrV ^Z `mbm K> PmH$U bmdyZ \$S>`mMm
XmXam ~mYyZ XmoZ _{h`mZr _wa`mda amoO WoS>o WmoS>o godZ H$amdo `mZo
Vm|S>mbm Md `oVo d ^yH$ bmJVo.$
H$mhr AZw^d{g Vobm`m H$Vr
AmO`m AmYw{ZH$ OrdZ nVrV d`MbrV dhmZm`m
g`oV A{Ve` _moR>m _mUmV Pmbobr dmT>, `m_wio dmT>bb
o o XfU
`mMm gd gm_m`m`m Amamo`mda {dn[aV n[aUm_ Pmbobo {XgVmV.
S>mo`mMr AmJ hmoUo, gVV ImoH$bm `oUo, mg KoVmZm X_ bmJUo,
\w$\w$gm`m {dH$mamV Pmbobr dmT>, VgoM Ho$gmda Pmbobo n[aUm_.
H$mhr {R>H$mUr ~moAadobMo jma`wV nmUr `m_wio EH$XarV Oo S>mo `mdarb
Ho$g gmX`mMo bjU _mZbo OmVo. VoM H$_r hmoV Mmbbo Amho. VU
d`mV Ho$g JiUo, Ho$gmV H$m|S>m hmoUo, Q>H$b nS>Uo `mH$[aVm Vobm`m
H$mhr H$Vr WmoS>`mV {X`m AmhoV.
1) ~mhr Vob - ~mrMm ag Mma {bQ>a, Imo~aob Vob EH$
{bQ>a, JmBMo XY nmd {bQ>a Am{U {haS>,o ~ohS>,o AmdiH$mR>r, ZmJa_moW,o
156

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

dmim, MXZ, OQ>m_mgr, Jhbm, H$mnya H$mMar, Xdm hr `oH$s drg

J_ `m_mUo EHy$U XmoZeo J_ MyU KoD$Z `mMr _D$gwV MQ>Ur H$Z
gd EH$m OmS> ~wS>m`m Q>oZbog Q>rb`m nmVo`mV KmbyZ _Xmrda
Vob {ebH$ amhrn`V H$T>dmdo. WS> Pm`mda JmiyZ `mdo. dN>
H$moaS>m H$mMo`m ~mQ>brV ^amdo.
2) _m`mMo Vob - _m`mMm ag Mma {bQ>a, Imo~aob Vob EH$
{bQ>a, {\$im e^a J_, AZV_yi e^a J_ `mMr gy_, JwiJwirV
MQ>Ur H$aUo. bmoIS>mMm Mwam Omo N>moQ>m dH$emn_`o {_iy eH$Vmo
qH$dm nmM-ghm {Iio EH$ H$Z bmoIS>m`m H$T>BV Vob {ebH$
amhrn`V _X AmModa H$T>{dUo. JmiyZ ~mQ>brV ^aUo.
3) _m`mMo Vob Xgam nmR> - _m`mMm ag Mma {bQ>a, Imo~aob
Vob EH$ {bQ>a, {\$im e^a J_, JmBMo XY nmd {bQ>a Am{U dmim,
ZmJa_moWo, MXZ, OQ>m_mgr, Jhbm, AZV_yi `oH$s Vrg J_
`m_mUo EHy$U XmoZeo Xhm J_ MyU EH$ H$Z `mMr ~marH$ MQ>Ur
dmQy>Z, `m_`o bmoIS>mMm Mwam nmg J_n`V qH$dm {Iio KmbyZ
bmoIS>m`m H$S>BV Vob {ebH$ amhrn`V _Xmrda H$T>dyZ, WS>
Pm`mda JmiyZ KoD$Z H$mMo`m ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odmdo.
4) Amdim Vob - Amd`mMm ag Mma {bQ>a, Imo~`mMo Vob
EH$ {bQ>a, JmBMo XY nmd {bQ>a Am{U dmim, ZmJa_moWo, MXZ,
OQ>m_mgr, Jhbm, H$mnya H$mMar, {haS>o `oH$s Vrg J_ `m_mUo
EHy$U XmoZeo Xhm J_ MyU KoD$Z `mMr MQ>Ur H$Z gd EH$ H$Z
Vob {ebH$ amhrn`V _Xmrda H$T>dyZ, WS> Pm`mda JmiyZ KoD$Z
~mQ>brV ^Z R>odmdo.
5)

_mH$m d Amdim `mMo g`wV Vob - XmoZ {bQ>a _m`mMm

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

157

ag, XmoZ {bQ>a Amd`mMm ag, {ZJwS>rMm ag AYm {bQ>a, Imo~`mMo

Vob EH$ {bQ>a, JmBMo XY AYm {bQ>a, XmhiX, dmim, ZmJa_moWm,
MXZ, gwJYr H$Mmoam `oH$s nmg J_ `mMr _D$ MQ>Ur, VgoM
bmoIS>mMm Mwam Xhm J_ qH$dm XmoZ VrZ {Iio gd EH$ H$Z
_Xmrda Vob {ebH$ amhrn`V H$T>{dUo. WS> Pm`mda JmiyZ H$mMo`m
~mQ>brV ^amdo.
6) OmdXr`m \w$bmMo Vob - bmb^S>H$ aJmMr EHo$ar qH$dm
Xhoar \w$bmMm ag Mma {bQ>a d OmdXr`m OmS>ga nmZmMr MQ>Ur
nmd {H$bmo, Imo~`mMo Vob EH$ {bQ>a gd EH$ H$Z _Xmrda Vob
{ebH$ amhrn`V H$T>{dUo. JmiyZ KoD$Z `m_`o dmim, ZmJa_moWm,
Jhbm, H$mnya H$mMar, OQ>m_mgr `mMo MyU `oH$s Xhm J_ H$nS>m`m
nwaMwS>rV ~mYyZ Vr VobmV R>odUo. AmR> {XdgmZr Vr {niyZ H$mTy>Z Vob
H$mMo`m ~mQ>brV ^Z R>odUo.

H$amdm. Ho$g _O~yV, VwH$VwH$sV, gwXa hmoVmV, aJ ~XbV Zmhr,

Q>H$b nS>V Zmhr.
9) A`J Vob - AJmbm bmd`mgmR>rMo Vob - Q>oZbog
Q>rb`m OmS> ~wS>m`m nmVobrV gw`m eVmdar`m _w`m nmd {H$bmo,
VrimMo Vob EH$ {bQ>a, JmBMo XY EH$ {bQ>a d nmUr VrZ {bQ>a
KmbyZ Vob {ebH$ amhrn`V _Xmrda H$T>{dUo. Vob V`ma hmoV
AgVmZm eVmdar`m _w`m H$S>H$ hmoV OmVmV. WS> Pm`mda JmiyZ
KoUo. `m_`o gwJY `o`mgmR>r gwdm{gH$ AH$ WmoS>mgm Kmbmdm. bhmZ
_wbmZm dMoH$[aVm MmJbo. `mZo Zm`y T> hmoVmV. d`H$a r nwfmZm
gwm gm`mda Mmoimd`mg MmJbo.

7) dQ>OQ>m{X Vob - dS>m`m Vm`m IwS>bo`m nma`m_`o

OarZwgma nmUr KmbyZ {_ga_`o MmJbo dmQy>Z `mMm ag Mma
{bQ>a, VgoM `m nma`mMr ~marH$ MQ>Ur AYm nmd d Amo`m
Amd`mMrMQ>Ur AmXnmd Imo~aob Vob EH$ {bQ>a ho gd EH$ H$Z
_Xmrda Vob {ebH$ amhrn`V H$T>{dUo, JmiyZ KoV`mda `m
VobmV dmim, OQ>m_mgr, ZmJa_moWm, Jhbm, H$mnya H$mMar, OQ>m_mgr
`mMo MyU `oH$s Xhm J_ KoD$Z H$nS>m`m nwaMwS>rV KmbyZ `m
VobmV gmoS>mdr. AmR> {XdgmZr {niyZ H$mT>mdr. ho Vob dN> H$mMo`m
~mQ>brV ^amdo.
8) Ho$g dN> d _O~yV hmo`mgmR>r - ZdgmJa Xhm J_ d
H$mnya nmM J_ KoD$Z `mMr ~marH$ ^wH$Q>r EH$ {bQ>a H$T>V nm`mV
{daKiy mdr. {Zd`mda hmVmZm `mMm Cn`moJ {`mZr Ad`
158

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

nmanm[aH$ AmfYr `moOZoVyZ Amamo`

159

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VmdZm
boIH$mMo _ZmoJV
`j gwdmV H$a`mnydu
^mJ 1 - dZnVt`m {d{dY ^mJmnmgyZ AJag
{_id`m`m nVr - m`{jH$mgh
^mJ 2 - dZnVt`m {d{dY ^mJmnmgyZ AJag
{_id`m`m A` nVr-m`{jH$mgh
^mJ 3 - AmfYr JwU`wV MQ>Ur
^mJ 4 - AmfYr JwU`wV VmOm H$mT>m d {ZH$mT>m
^mJ 5 - H$mT>mMo CnH$ma d `mVrb
H$mhr m`{jH$mgh
^mJ 6 - H$mT>mMo CnH$ma
^mJ 7 - AmfYr JwU`wV erV Mhm d Ja_ Mhm
^mJ 8 - dZnVr MyU - _m{hVr d m`{jH$
^mJ 9 - dZnVtMr MyU} d m`{jHo$
^mJ 10 - AmfYr JwU`wV Jmo`m
^mJ 11 - AmfYr Vob d Vyn
^mJ 12 - Adboh
^mJ 13 - _moamdim d Adboh H$ma
^mJ 14 - eVmdar H$n
^mJ 15 - gd, bon d nmoQ>rg
^mJ 16 - nydmnma MmbV Ambobo H$mhr
AmfYr CnMma

1
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15
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