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SECTION 7.1 (PAGE 376)
R. A. ADAMS: CALCULUS
CHAPTER 7. APPLICATIONS OF INTE-
GRATION
Section 7.1 Volumes of Solids of Revolution
(page 376)
1.By slicing:
V=\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
x4 dx=\u03c05cu. units.
By shells:
V=2\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
y(1\u2212\u221ay) dy
=2\u03c0
\ue001
y2
2\u22122y5/2
5
\ue002\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=\u03c05cu. units.
y
x
y=x2
(1,1)
x
Fig. 7.1.1
2.Slicing:
V=\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
(1\u2212y )dy
=\u03c0
\ue004
y\u22121
2y2
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=\u03c02cu. units.
Shells:
V=2\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
x3 dx
=2\u03c0
\ue004
x4
4
\ue005
\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=\u03c02cu. units.
y
x
y=x2
1
Fig. 7.1.2
3.By slicing:V=\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
(x\u2212 x4)dx
=\u03c0
\ue001
x2
2\u2212x5
5
\ue002\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=3\u03c0
10cu. units.
By shells:
V=2\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
y(\u221ay\u2212 y2) dy
=2\u03c0
\ue001
2y5/2
5\u2212y4
4
\ue002\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=3\u03c0
10cu. units.
y
x
x
y=x2
y=\u221ax
Fig. 7.1.3
4.Slicing:
V=\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
(y\u2212 y4)dy
=\u03c0
\ue004
1
2y2\u221215y5
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=3\u03c0
10cu. units.
Shells:
V=2\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
x(x1/2\u2212 x2) dx
=2\u03c0
\ue004
2
5x5/2\u221214x4
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=3\u03c0
10cu. units.
y
x
y
=\u221axy=x2
(1,1)
Fig. 7.1.4
264
INSTRUCTOR\u2019S SOLUTIONS MANUAL
SECTION 7.1 (PAGE 376)
5.a) About thex-axis:
V=\u03c0
\ue000
2
0
x2(2\u2212 x)2 dx
=\u03c0
\ue000
2
0
(4x2\u2212 4x3+ x4)dx
=\u03c0
\ue001
4x3
3\u2212x4+x5
5
\ue002\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00320
=16\u03c0
15cu. units.
b) About they-axis:
V=2\u03c0
\ue000
2
0
x2(2\u2212 x) dy
=2\u03c0
\ue004
2x3
3\u2212x4
4
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00320
=8\u03c0
3cu. units.
y=2x\u2212x2
2
y=2x\u2212x2
2
yy
xx
(b)
(a)
Fig. 7.1.5
6.Rotate about
a) thex-axis
V=\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
(x2\u2212 x4)dx
=\u03c0
\ue004
13x3\u221215x5
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=2\u03c0
15cu. units.
b) they-axis
V=2\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
x(x\u2212 x2) dx
=2\u03c0
\ue004
13x3\u221214x4
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=\u03c06cu. units.
y
x
(1,1)
y=x2
y=x
Fig. 7.1.6
7.a) About thex-axis:
V=2\u03c0
\ue000
3
0
y(4y\u2212 y2\u2212 y) dy
=2\u03c0
\ue004
y3\u2212y4
4
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00330
=27\u03c0
2cu. units.
b) About they-axis:
V=\u03c0
\ue000
3
0
\ue006(4y\u2212 y2)2\u2212y 2
\ue007
dy
=\u03c0
\ue000
3
0
(15y2\u2212 8y3+ y4)dy
=\u03c0
\ue001
5y3\u22122y 4+y5
5
\ue002\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00330
=108\u03c0
5cu. units.
y
x
(3,3)
x=4y\u2212y2
x=y
Fig. 7.1.7
8.Rotate about
a) thex-axis
V=\u03c0
\ue000
\u03c0
0
[(1+ sinx)2\u2212 1]dx
=\u03c0
\ue000
\u03c0
0
(2 sinx+ sin2x )dx
=
\ue004
\u22122\u03c0 cosx +\u03c02x\u2212\u03c04sin 2x
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue003\u03c00
=4\u03c0 +12\u03c02cu.units.
265
SECTION 7.1 (PAGE 376)
R. A. ADAMS: CALCULUS
b) they-axis
V=2\u03c0
\ue000
\u03c0
0
xsin x dx
U= x
dU= dx
dV=sin x dx
V=\u2212cos x
=2\u03c0
\ue008
\u2212xcos x
\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue003\u03c00
+
\ue000
\u03c0
0
cosx dx
\ue009
=2\u03c02cu. units.
9.a) About thex-axis:
V=\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
\ue004
4\u2212
1
(1+x2)2
\ue005
dx
Letx= tan\u03b8
dx=sec2\u03b8d \u03b8
=4\u03c0 \u2212\u03c0
\ue000
\u03c0/4
0
sec2\u03b8
sec4\u03b8d\u03b8
=4\u03c0 \u2212\u03c0
\ue000
\u03c0/4
0
cos2\u03b8d \u03b8
=4\u03c0 \u2212\u03c02(\u03b8+sin \u03b8cos \u03b8 )\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue003\u03c0/4
0
=4\u03c0 \u2212\u03c02
8\u2212\u03c04=15\u03c0
4\u2212\u03c02
8cu. units.
b) About they-axis:
V=2\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
x
\ue0042\u2212
1
1+x2
\ue005
dx
=2\u03c0
\ue004
x2\u221212ln(1+x 2)\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=2\u03c0
\ue004
1\u22121
2ln 2\ue005
=2\u03c0 \u2212\u03c0ln 2 cu. units.
y
x
y=1
1+x2
y=2
x
1
Fig. 7.1.9
10.By symmetry, rotation about thex-axis gives the same
volume as rotation about they-axis, namely
V=2\u03c0
\ue000
3
1/3
x
\ue004
10
3\u2212x \u22121
x
\ue005
dx
=2\u03c0
\ue004
5
3x2\u221213x3\u2212 x
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00331/3
=512\u03c0
81cu. units.
y
x
3x+3y=10
y=1x
(3,1/3)
(1/3,3)
Fig. 7.1.10
11.V=2 \u00d72\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
(2\u2212x )(1\u2212x )dx
=4\u03c0
\ue000
1
0
(2\u2212 3x+ x2)dx
=4\u03c0
\ue004
2x\u22123x2
2+x3
3
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00310
=10\u03c0
3cu. units.
y
x
y
x
x+y=1
x=2
x
Fig. 7.1.11
12.V=\u03c0
\ue000
1
\u22121
[(1)2\u2212 (x2 )2]dx
=\u03c0
\ue004
x\u22121
5x5
\ue005\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue0031\u22121
=8\u03c0
5cu. units.
y
x
x2
y=1
y=1\u2212x2
x
dx
Fig. 7.1.12
13.The volume remaining is
V=2 \u00d72\u03c0
\ue000
2
1
x
\ue00a4\u2212x2 dx
Letu= 4\u2212x2
du=\u22122x dx
=2\u03c0
\ue000
3
0
\u221au du=4\u03c0
3u3/2
\ue003
\ue003
\ue003
\ue00330
=4\u03c0
\u221a3 cu. units.
266
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