If (+) bowel gas in abdomen, there must be an associated TEF (90% of cases of Esophageal Atresia)

Contrast collecting in proximal esophageal pouch. (A contrast study is rarely indicated. Air injected through NGT can be used as very safe, negative contrast agent).

esophageal atresia with distal fistula

Secondary to incomplete division of the trachea and esophagus during organogenesis, resulting in an abnormal connection between esophagus and trachea

Contrast was administered through G tube into the stomach

Contrast refluxed into the distal esophagus across the TEF into the trachea and from the trachea into the esophageal pouch

Associated disorders: Down syndrome (30%), malrotation (20%), Heart Disease (20%), Renal Anomalies, TEF, VACTERL anomalies

Caused by thick, tenacious meconium that adheres to the wall of the small bowel and causes obstruction most often at the level of ileocecal valve in a neonate

Small bowel obstruction with dilated loops of bowel and soap bubble bowel gas pattern in RLQ

Area of rectosigmoid. On Barium Enema, there is microcolon.

Meconium obstruction of the colon, often seen in infants of diabetic mothers who received MgSO42 for eclampsia

Patients present within the first 24 hours of life with abdominal distention, vomiting, failure to pass meconium

of parasympathetic ganglia in mucosal and submucosal layers of colon

Abnormal rectosigmoid ratio with rectum smaller than sigmoid due to denervation hyperspasticity (normally, rectum is larger than colon)

\u201cTransition Zone\u201d \u2013 junction between proximally normally innervated colon and the distal aganglionic segment

Usually presents during 1st or 2nd week of life with bloody stools (50%), explosive diarrhea, bilious emesis, mild respiratory distress, generalized sepsis, abdominal distention, feeding difficulties.

Pneumoperitoneum used to be considered a surgical emergency. However, percutaneous drain may now be placed instead of surgery.

Presence of multiple bubble-like lucencies in the bowel wall indicates pneumatosis (arrows)

Most swallowed FB especially the round ones pass through the entire GIT successfully, but some lodge in the esophagus, usually proximally at the thoracic inlet or at the level of aortic arch

Associated abnormalities: Esophageal atresia, TEF, renal abnormalities, Turner\u2019s syndrome, trisomy 18, Rubella.

Hypoechoic ring of hypertrophic pyloric muscle around echogenic mucosa centrally on cross section