Structure, form and function of epigraphs
•Epigraphs are composed of Sarasvatihieroglyphs•They are recorded on: –Seals –Tablets –Bangles (See Bagalkot06 bangle) –Gold pendants –Copper plates, copper or silver seals –Weapons –Also made in the round (standard device, tigress ligatured to a woman)•Epigraphs may contain only pictographs or just one or two ‘signs’(which arealso glyphs)•The hieroglyphs connote vital possessions of bharatiyo(casters of metal) asthe civilization emerged from chalcolithicto the bronze (alloy) phase –arevolutionary advance which enabled manufacture of ploughshares,otherhard metallic weapons and tools•Language was meluhha/mleccha(lit. copper); writing was mlecchitavikalpa(one of 64 arts detailed by V
ā
tsy
ā
yana); the writing of copper metal workers!Two famous speakers of mlecchawere: Vidura(younger brother ofDh
tar
ā
ra) and Yudhi
hirain the Mahabharata
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TYPES OF FURNACES
Large updraft kiln, Harappa(ca. 2400 BCE), found inMound E, 1984. (After Fig.8.8, Kenoyer, 1998).A full-scale reconstruction ofthe ancient Harappankiln.Harappa ArchaeologcalResearch Facility used to firelarge storage jar, pottery andfigurine replicas. (After Fig.8.9, Kenoyer, 1998)Mohenjodaro, DK-B, Cdumps. View of the slag withthe coated sub-cylindricalbowl enclosing the stonewarebangles in central position.(After Fig. 1, Massimo Vidale,1984).
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