Professional Documents
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Abegail de Jesus
Traction
Traction means that a pulling force is applied to a part
of the body or an extremity while a countertraction pulls in the opposite direction to prevent patient from being pulled out of the bed
Principles of Traction
Patient must be placed in correct body alignment in center of
bed to maintain line of pull
Countertraction is maintained continuously All ropes must move freely on the pulley at all times Rope knots should never touch the pulley Ropes should be kept clear of bed linens andany other objects
Classification Of Tractions
the patient must maintain his or her position in order to maintain the pull of the traction.
Types of Tractions
Skin Traction
Skin traction is applied directly to the patients skin through the use of a traction boot, a traction strip, halters, or belts USE:
Bucks Traction
used to immobilize the lower extremities,
usually due to a hip and knee fracture
Russells Traction
Russells traction allows for the knee to be flexed and
suspended in a sling.
Russells Traction
Management of neck
pain
Complications
Skin break down Nerve pressure Circulatory impairment
Nursing Management: Skin Break Down -Monitor the reaction of the skin. -Assist patient in personal hygiene procedures. -Palpate the area of traction tapes daily.. -Inspect skin specially pressure points. -Change the position of the patient frequently.
Nerve Pressure -Check sensation & movement . Immediately investigate any complaint of the patient. Report altered sensation or motor function. CIRCULATORY IMPAIRMENT
Assess the circulation of foot or hand. Check for-Peripheral pulses -Color & capillary refill & temperature. -Indicators of deep vein thrombosis. -Encourages the patient to perform active foot exercises.
MANUAL TRACTION
It is applied with hands to temporarily immobilize an
injured part. A firm smooth steady pull is maintained
Skeletal Traction
*It is applied directly to the bone by use of a metal pin or wire that is inserted through the bone distal to the fracture to achieve alignment
USES
*Fractures of femur, cervical spine. *Displaced fractures of pelvis & proximal end of tibia, calcaneus, proximal ulna
Devices Used
Steinman Holder
Crutchfield Tong
Balanced Suspenion
Enables elevation of limb to correct angular malalignment Counterweighted support system Four suspension points allow angular and rotational control
Complication
Infection:
predisposing factor -Poor insertion technique -Loosening of the pin -Tension of the skin and subcutaneous tissues leading to necrosis
Nursing Management
Providing Pin Site Care
Use aseptic technique while dressing. Check the insertion site. Check for complications. Avoid infection& development of osteomyelitis
Promote Exercise Encourage movement of unaffected part. Explain range of motion exercises. Provide conducive environment to the patient.
Other Tractions
Bryants Traction
Bryants traction is used for developmental dislocated hip(s) (DDH). In Bryants traction, the child's body and the weights are used as tension to keep the end of the femur (the large bone that goes from the knee to the hip) in the hip socket. Traction will help position the top of the femur into the hip socket correctly
90-90 Traction
The thigh is suspended in the vertical plane by weight traction pulling vertically upwards The ill effect of gravity as the cause of backward angulation of the fragments is thus eliminated
Halo Traction
*Provides stabilization and support for fractured cervical vertebrae. The surgeon insert spins into the skull.