means and financial resources allowed them to eliminate or to adjust a series of existing constraints,through complex hydrotechnical establishments, flood control, water purification systems, in order to supply the urban concentrations. Special issues are present in developing countries whereconsiderable collectivities haven’t got access to fresh water, with all the repercussions on their health. As a consequence, the assurance of the necessary consumable water is an actual problem –insome areas- not only due to its amount, but also to its quality.
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The distribution of water resources on EarthLatin America is the region with the richest water reserve, detaining 1/3 of the total of freshwater on Earth.Asia is on the second position, with 25 % and the last position is scored by North Africaand Middle Asia. Figures are more relevant if we make a comparison between resources andrequest or consumption. For example, China, which detains 7% of the total amount of freshwater in the world, has a number of population which represents 22% of the whole population of our planet. Canada, in its turn, has got 9% of the world wide fresh water resources and a populationwhich represents only 0.5% of the worldwide one.The effects of the uneven distribution of fresh water resources are worsened by theeconomical level of each country, and, not the least, by the living standard of each individual. Therecent international studies show that, in 22 African countries, water isn’t enough for the half of the population.Yet, there are solutions to ensure the existent water resources. In 2002, there were 10,000desalinization equipments which produced 5 million m³ of fresh water, but 70% of them belonged tothose countries, rich in oil, situated in Middle Asia and North Africa, countries which can afford to pay a price of $1 up to $4 / 1 m³ of water as a result of marine water desalinization.Europe confronts with the water crisis, especially in the Mediterranean area, too.The lack of water, existent in a world, where the population grows from 6.5 billion peopleto probably 11-12 billion people, represents a global issue of the up-date society. Irrigationrepresents 84% - 90% of the total amount of consumed water. Meanwhile, agriculture is consideredto be the most important water consumer – 64% - in Europe, shows the analyze of the foremostwater users.
III. The characteristics of water
environment refers to the chemical and
physicalattributes of water, as well as to the capacity of self-purification, which is very important in order to preserve its quality. The organic substances’ decomposing activity made by bacteria, turns all thesubstances which enter this circuit in nature into mineral, which is determinant in the self- purification process of water. But the phenomenon of water pollution manifests itself when theamount and quality of the polluting substances outrun the limits of tolerance.
IV. Hydro constituent and its functions in environment
1. The environment function2.Water has the function of supplying life environment for manyorganisms – from plankton, which represents the foundation of the food chain, up to the Cetacean order, with the biggestterrestrial inhabitants. In salted pelagic waters, fish areendowed with a desalinization system situated at the level of
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