COMMENTARY ON SCRIPTURE GENESIS I-ll EDITED Ill" AN DR EW L OUTH GENERAL EDI TOR THOMAS C. 00101 1 ....... \.nitr P..- IJo..-nenG"", . l1linoo. "-, .... , .... " ... ,_""-.G-. !c .. "',..,. "lI,, .... . ..,... .... _ c:lOOI.,' .. ' .. of o. .. "c.o.._s. ...... ,(rca;;. n-..c.oo.. ................. .... ...,..' ......... ,"' .... of ....... - .. .. ",,,'.""" ,_,""' .... ....... ,.w, ... "I ...... _of'""",C'O"" __ .....,,lI$,\ " __ .. _ .. .. '"1" ......... of _ ..... ........... ................ ... , ..... ----of .............. " ...... of .... ""'"" ........ , ........ - ... _ ..... .... "t--' ........ , ..... ,....... ..... _.Doy<. Ioo .. ':.-,.,O' .. _"""' .... 'US . _s.-....... LL , .0. ... M' ...... _ ....... '""'-'.-J .... ,..., ......... s-... I'..-of ... _''P':''''"'' ... ''>.:' ' '' ..... I>ow" .. o/c.."'_ ........ of ... "" .... e-'of ... a-. ... ofO"' ... u.s ....... ,..,.,,.., __ ,. ,,,_ ...... .,0..,_ ,_ ,,,, .. s..'P""" , ,,, ..... .....,..,..,..<rl<n.,,, ......... 'S.,,"U ... ,",.X( ..... .... """" .......... '--, .... ,.".s.. ... ANCIENT C HRI S TIA .... COMMENTARr PROJ ECT RESEARCH TEAM G EN1RAL EDITOR ASSOCIATE EDITOR Chriuoph .... A. Hill OPRRATIONS MANAGeR JHlEIo .. My TRANSLATIONS PROJ IiCTS DIRBCTOR jHlScao.ol,," R1SEARCH AND A CQUIS ITION S MkIM<lGltnop EOITORIAL SB R V I CES D JlUiCTOR w ...... c.Il..nRMort.... ORIGINAL VERSION D IRBCTOR G RA DUAT B RE SBA RCH ASSISTANTS -- SnrtJKoo:," Iil .... M,,'fu.. Modt.tIN-uoo.. j.Snr, H.l........ Potnl: .. lm-I &./o:liootSoo"t .EJ<,.. .... A OMI NI STRATI \ ' L ASSISTANTS ,..,c.. A._ CONT ENTS GENER.AL INTRODUCTION xi A GUI DE TO US I NG THIS COMMENTAR.Y ABBREVIATIONS xxxvii INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS 1-11 xxxix COMMENTARY 1 ApPENDIX: EARLY CHRISTIAN WRITERS AND THE DOCUMENTS CITED 177 CHRONOLOGY 183 BIOGRAPH I CAL SKETC H ES 185 BIBLI OGRAPHY ' 193 AUTH ORS/ WRITINGS INDEX SUB1ECT INDEX ' 201 SCRIPTU RE INDEX' 20..;: G BNE RAL INTRODUCT IO N n.. Ancimr O>Mian Cornnwllrary on Striprurt (herufrer Aces) is a lWCllry .. ight O'OIumt patriJ.ticcommalW')'on Scripturt.. The patriltic the time of the fathen of'mechurch.lpani the e .... from Oemelll of Rome (fl.c. 95) 10)ohll ofDam.lICUI (c.645...:. 749). TMcommentary thus CO'<n I(V1'n lltum afbib/iQ] inurponatlon. from the cnd oftbe NcwTaume." 10 the mid eighth century'. induding me Vcnenhle Btd.. Sin the method of inquiry for \h( ACes h.:l$ bn developo:d;1I close coordination with corn pour tcehnology.1! Kt'Va at. a pountial modelof' an evolving. promiling. teehnologiallr pragmatic. meolopcally inugno,ed method for doing ruarch ill \h( huro"}' of' cngesis. Thr purp<>K of' thi. gcncralimroductiontomeserieailtopreumthi5appro.:lchandac.countforitsmethodoJogiaJpran. This IS a Jong..:ldaya! uoigrumn. in biblical and hismricaJ scholarship' rrintrodudng in a COlI",, nient form key tcxts of early Chrilliall commentary On the whole ofScripturt.. To that elld. hisrori- ans. lnnJlarors.cligiul,echnician$, andbiblialandpalrisnc od>o!.arshawcoUabor::nedilltheruk of praenting IOrthc fint time in manycenturia theM: tau from mearly history ofChristl&ll Ue gesis. the gloSlU. reflections. debateS. contemplatioru and dclibcra lions of urly ChristiaN. are orderal venc by ven.c: from Gellesis 10 Ikvd.ation. Also included arc patri$tic comments on the d.etnemcanonical wrirings ( ... metimes r:alled the ApocTyph.a) that 11)' the Fathers. Thi, il a fuU.scaJe duoic commentary On Scripture consilting of Kkctions ill modem transbtion from the ancient ChristWl writers.. Tnt Ancient ChrutW. Commentary on Scripture has th ..... goals: the rencwal of ChrlS'l&II prr<><ning baacd on d..auicaJ Chri$lian cxT.si . lhe inren. Hied stud), 11)- who wish to think with me urly church about me anonial ten. and the lCimuJ..tion of Chruri.an his- IJM!Wry"in.om..mpruralinrer pretation.of mean""n,Chrisdanwri.en. Onearop.agetheScripture.cxri. ucompaniedbythcmos.lKMe........m) rcm.orksoflu)'COfIKft $.w cngnltS of the early O>risrian Ct:II"","- This fomuJ arrangemen' follows app.....,im.ow)' the lraditional partcmof'lhepublilhedluuotheTalmudanetme invention of printing and o( the :U>- orJ' ......... thalprectdedprilllillg.' 'S"'O'-J .. T ........ wil-ir_ ..... __ J..,........-.n..T_ ... ___ ....t_"" .... M.oIo ............ ,........"""oilo ... .t...ra..BoloIot......t .... Gemo, .... <Iaboro_oi .... M ........ n..onooi) oiToInood.;,,_ .... ...I......d. ...... T ........ .. 1OroI, .. ... onoI.-.lu .... T ......... ____ J __ ScropNrt. .. _ .. -. ... ...,......._a. __ Ren;nal ofNe,lected Ch .inian Tun Tbett is an emerging &:I, nood among dlverse Christian commu""ua these tUU be accurately ..,coverN and studied. Recent biblical Kholarship has so foc:wcd anention on post-Enli,t"enmen,
Aftn yea ... of quiet gestation and ..,fleaion on the bare idell of I plt.i,tit commen,a...,, a feasibil ,ty consultation ,,'u drawn togemu 11 the invitation of 0..,,,, University in Novembe. 1993 in Washington, ne. This ",ri,.. emerged from du., conswution and 'lI ensuing .fuaw;ion.o. Enen &;..., funhcr (OnSwcJ.[ions we.., underuken during 1994 and rlw:rcafter lI\ Rome, Tiibingcn, Oxford, Cambndge. AthtJU. Alaandna and btanl.d, _king me advice of me m05! rompetcnt intema tional KhoIan in rlw: his,oty of Among disdnguished whoconmbll,ed wd'IC urty layen of the procc .. wc leading wdun on urly chllret. hi, mry, hCTnten"",i,,, homi led" , hiAlo'}' of cxtg""is. 'p. emo.k theology and pastoral theology. Among kading internat;onal authorities consulted early on in the projt design ""'.., Si. Henry Chad",ick of Oxford: Sish0p5 Kalhnos Wan of Oxford, Rov.an WoIll" .... of Monmouth and S,ephm S)'1cu of El)' (all form" patrisna prckuon at 0d0rd or Cambridge); Profeswn Angelo Oi Bcnrdino and Bui! Sruder of the Pal"",,, lrurirute ofRame; and I'Toftsoon Karlfril Froc:hl,cn "nd Brucc M. Mct::gnofPnn on. They _re uccptionally helpful ;n map'"' our I..t of voIllme cdi" ..... Wc an: cspccWIj' indebted to the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Bartholon'lC ... and Ed ... IdnA Cardinal Cauid)' of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Ch,;",i"n Unity, the for Ihcir blessing, stead), Auppon, and wi.., ooun..,1 in de'""'ioping and IM Orcw Univcni'}' Pam$lic Corn
Tl'IC OUtcOfm of fe:wbilil}' COrllwtaOOrll "U genem thal iM project ,,-as pm. foundlr needed, accomfWUCd by an l1IIusu.ai ugcrncss m set OUt upon tht f""':itct. , aIid.o,ed b)' a willingness on the J>lrt of many to commit ..Juablt Timt m accomplish ,t. At iM J>lce of three or four voium" per year. the commentaty 11 ta'1"'ted fu,- completion ""thin the first decade of the mil lennium, Thi. se .. i" stands ull.lpologerkall) as a practical homiletic and devotioll.lJ guide to the earliest layers of dusk Chnstian rt:aci,nll' of biblical tuu. It intends ro be. brief compendium of reil ..... 0"'" on parricular Stpruagin Old Larin and Ne..' Tcstament teXU bj'iMirariicst Ch riJtian ;n,(1" prcrcn. Hen " is not a COtnJIItfttar')' b)' modem .undarch. but " is commenW}' 1' the nandardsof thoae who anteceded and formed the wis of the modern commentary. nnnpor_OI........!Srnp<u... n..T __ ""J-..Iu..p.- ,;".. .. ___ prnod .... _----...... """" __ _ .... Tw...I ......... .. M..n",;, .... .. "' .... 01 .. 100<-""""" ... ,."""" n.._'oI ........... 'rubloohooI .... """oI .. TaIonuoI_IoI"'-'Itht.uIy ............... oi_ ......... .ol _-.. .. _I' ... ""'_ ..... ..,.............,..js...,.-., ..... fl.<_ ..... .... ............. .,{,_...,.... ..... Manl' useful contemporary idloWiy drom art and art conmbu.ring 'ignificand)' ro the rOV.ry of ,tau;.: Christian ten.. Notable in English among thut. Fau.. .. of the Church ..,ries (utholi, of Am.n.:a Pr .. ,), Ancient Christian Write .. (Paullst), Cilttn:Un Stud- its (Cilterrian Publications), TheChurch'. Biblt (Etrdmaru)_ M_goof ch. Fame .. of me Oturch (Mic:hacl Glazic.., liturgical Prest.) andTau and Srudits (Cambridge). In odlttlanguaga.imilar tA'Oru an: conopicuouoll' found UI SouKca Oorm.nllC$, Corp.u Ooristianonun (Seriu Graeca and Latiruo), Corpw Scriptorum Chrisrian01\lm Corpw Scriptorum Ecd .. wticorum t.orinorum, Text. und Unr.rsuchungtn :ur Gachichtt d.r a1",hri.dimtn UU'ran1f. Die gricch;'. chcn christlim.n SchrilUt.U.r,Patrologia OritnwiJ. Pauologia Syriaca.. Bibliom::a p.a, .... rica..L4 P.ra da ... b for, CoIuruo di Tcsti Patnatici, crUlIllfI. lkU. origini, L.mure crisrian. del pnmomillcnruo.CuItura crisua ... anria, Thcs.aunu Lingua. Larinae, LinguuGnecac: and the Ctttdoc ..,rics, whim offi:rJ in digiw IOnn the voIu ..... of Corpw Chrisnanorum. The Ancitnt Christian Comm.ntary on Scripture builds On ch. JPl.ndid work of all thut. ltudi .. , but foc:u.ou prim.orily and modestly on the recov.ry ofpaui.oric biblical wisdom fOr con. cmporary pruching and by apiritml I"ormation. Digital Research Tool "d Result. The volume editon been IUpportc<i br a digiut! rnearm tarn at Drew Univenll), which hu identified th .... classic ccimn,.nts b)' pcrformingglobal .... rch .. oftb. Grc.k and Latinpatristi, corpus. The,. ..,arched for.msc taU in th. Thcs.aurus Lingux Graccac (Tt.G) digiuliud Greckdatabasc.tbeCtudoceditionofm.Larinu:n:sofCorpusChrurianorumfromm.un .... de tn.itement ekctroniquc des documents (Un,vcnit" cath.oliquoe de Lou,-ain), m. llatrologia Latiruo Oaabasc (Mignc) and the Pacbrd Humanitia Institu .. !.ann dal3bascs. W. h,Vfc also utiliud rh. CD ROM surchabl. v.nion of m. Early Church Fath.n.of whidt the Dw .. University project ...... an early cmponsor along with the Ekctronic Bible Sod}. Thi. ha. resul,ed in a plethon of raW and Lann ,anul materials from which the voIum. editonIuVfcmaded.ucrim.inating chota$.l lnthis.-aytheprojtctofficcha.alreadrsuppliedlOeach voIumctditor'a5ubounrial rc..ad ...... t of Greek and La,ingioNco, up/anationJ.obo<: .... a,ionsand comm.n .. on each ,'cne or pcrio>pc ofScriprurc <cr..' Onl,., 5nul1 pcrccnug<: of th .. ra .. m.o<er:ial 'Hon-.:_l-...IConoI< ............. _ooIOcIOOd __ c..-.Sr-" ..... _ooIooorioIupmo"'""- _ _ ...... oi_-....."""'W-..... .,...;wo. ___ -J-a..-------- Tooll __ adoiooI .... -..I __ &a.l-....,. .. EacI""..- ................... "" ___ 'TI..G ..... C-.Io.: ... .--.._ ..... MIp< .. .. I.o<oo_ ... --{1 _ ..... .. ..... '"""'--.do.,:.ua,. ......... ""'*'- (2) .... ...,. . ....... rtI.ob.< ..... .. . _<nt><aI __ ()) ... _ ....,io .... Nru .. ...... ......,. __ ..... ..... ...,),o .............., ..... ' S) .... _ oi u<l., ... "" ..... _.,.tcdo,a.. .......... ....., ha.< in fact made the gnde of 01,1' selection muria. But such is the poignant work of the "'Ienin. Or of any compiler of a compendium for general uu. The inunt of tM is to achieve brevity and eoonomyof upl"U$ian by exclusion of ex<ranwus material. nOt tOgo intoctilicaJ explanatory <kt:lil. Through the u<e afBoolean uy word and phrase searches. in these datobues.. the " am identified the Grttk and Latin tcXU from early Christian write" that refer <t, .pecific biblical p ... .... ge . \VIletc <ur;u.aI valianT.< occur among the Old Latin teXU Or disputed G"ek textS, ther ""e cmed key word surches with appropria" or expeaed variables. including aIlusian. and analogies At this time af writing. the D",,' Universit)' ACes r=tch staff has already completed most of these intricate and prodigio .... computer searches. which would have been unthinkable befare corn pmertcchnolog}' The employmenl af these digital ""'urces h .. yielded unupeaed advan<ages' a huge residual dacabue, a means of idenrifying commenu on texts not previousl), considered for caren.> ...... an efficient and co,,eA"otive deploymen, ofhunun Tt...,u" ... and an abundance of potential material for future studies in the hi,<oty of uegtsis. Mo .. of rhis w .. accomplished b)' a highly talented group ofgtaduatc students under the dirw:ion ofJoel Scandrert , Michacl Glerupan djocIElowsk)' .. couldhardlrhavebttn produced. short ofa ,' .. ,.,my ofr .. u"hers workingbylaboriou<hand.ndpapersear ch .. in scat <credlibrar;esaroundtheworld. Fututc reade" of Scriptu .. will inc .... ingly be working with emerging forms af camputer Ioh nolog}' and inreractive hypertcxt forlrults that will enable rude" to uarch om quicldy i nmo" detail ideas. lexts. themes and < .. rns found in the ancien! Christian wri"rs. The ACeS provides an embryonic paradigm far how that can be done. Drc:w Universit) offers the ACCS to SCrve both .. a po,enrial research model and .. an OutcOme of tcsurch. Wc hope that this prin<ed series in <radio tion.oJ book form will in rime be supplemented with. larger surchablc. digiti:::ed , .. rsion in &Om' .. orcdmemor), hypertut IQrmar. We con<inue [0 work with an .. rute conlOrtium of computer and rc:sear,hotgani::.illion, ro Serve the future nceds ofbolh historical schalarshi pandthcalogicalsrudy. The Sur feil of Materi "l . 6r" ugh. t o Ligh, Wc nm.:irnaw thallhere is virruallr nO portion of Sctiprure about which the anci en,Chri .. ian wtirers had little Or nothing uufuJ Or meaningful <0 .... y. Many of them studied the Bible thoroughl), with dcepcon<cmplat;ve dis.cemmenl,OOInp.;lring text wim UXI.onen mcmori::inglarge portians of 11;. At: chap.ers of all sixt).ix book> of the traditional ProtCSCOnl corp"" "al'e reulved dolii>erate oroc.: .. ional p.;I"is,ic uegctical or homil.,i, t .... <men,. This ocri .. also ind ucie. pa";", , commencorr On 'Uts not found in the Jewish canon (otten designated the Apocrrpn" ar ci eutoroca non;caJ writings) but that were included in ancien: Gr..,k Bibles (th. Sepruagint l. almough no:pre"seir me same tcxuin each tr:>di,ion. temain parr of the rec,,!:,ni:ec ,,,non,o: Iil. Roman Catholic and Onhodoz rradiriom.. While SOme booIu of Ihe Bibk a..., rich in wnebrvene p;nrin;c commenta.ries (nolabl) Gene 5;'. PJajnu, Song of$olomon.lsaiah. Matthew.john arw:! Rontan$). the..., are many othen du, art lacking in ;n"","" (ommena"", from this earlypcriod. Henu W1: have not limited our seard.es [0 these IOrmal commm=iao. but sought a1lusiolli. analogies. crosJ<OnneCtioru and rd'eret'ICU [0 biblical tens in all IOrtI of patrisric literar}' sources.. lhen: an: many pcruprive in5ighu th.n have rome ro us from homiliao. letten. poet!')'. hymns. essays and trtan-. tha, nud 001 be arbitrarily excluded from a (ateou. We have .srcned for lucOnn. discerning and moving pucagu both from hncbyline commcnta.riao (from authon IUch aI Origen. Cyril of Alaand.u. Theodoret of Crr. John ChryaD$IOIn,jerome. Augustinc and Bede) and from ochei' literary genru. Oue of a lunm of rnulnng raw ""'Ierull. the O'OIume edJtofS ha ... been in""ed looclec:t the bcs:.. wilat and mO$t rq>- lUCllta.ti ... refl,ctions of ancient Chriatian wnren on a gi ... n biblical paauge For \\'hom b T hi, Compendium Duigncdl WehawchoscnandonlertdthtiCsckctionsprimarilrforagenerallayreadingaudienaof"""J'fD' who srud)' the Bible reguIarIj' and who urnest!y wiah ro have dusic Chtiman obscr. ... IIOIU on the tUt a'-.ilabk ro them. In vud)' difFcnng culrural ...rnnS'. comcmporary la)' readen are uking h"", .. Ihq mighl grasp the meaning of oacrcd "",.. un<kt the instruction of the great minw of the ancient church Yi:,tnsofocusingouranent;on.W1:.redcrcrmincdf'>OltontglmtherigorouJreqwrcmencsarw:! nttda of :IoCIdanoc ruden who up 10 now hll"t had l tark/r hnuccd fClDUtceS and compendia in the huwrrof uegesis. lhe .. ri.., which is being cn.rulatcd intO om bngwp ofhalf the WOrid'l popu' lation. i. designed ro public Lbraries. uniwnmes. cl"OA<:Ulrurallrudics and hi"oricaI infCusa worldwide. It unapologctically daiml and ""ctU its due and rightful place aJ a .ta.ple source book forlhthinoryofWel1em!ite<arurt Our varied audiences (la)'. puronJ and academic) are much broadt-t than the highly lechnical and spccialiud schobrl)' 6dd of patnl1>C ""diu. TheJ' are f'>Ol limiced to uniw ..... q- scholars con CCIIlralingon the arud)'ofthe hinorl' oflne IJ'Jnlmission ofthccuc or co m..... with mCert.Jts in taNal mo.phology- or hi.roncai-crillcal issues arw:! ipccularions. Though thac ",main crucialconccmlfor ipccialilts.the),arcno!!heparamounlintel'Cllofehet<\itorsof the Ancicnt ChnlCian Commentary On Our work is largd), tatg('tcd ttraighta,,a) for a puronJ alldi ... an![Ordlcctandmedita.tcWlthth.carI)' church abou: the plaIn 5c1Ue. theolopcal ,,'IJOoIh. and mor::aI and Iplnrua! murung of particuia: There art .-arious legiumatt competmg vISIOn' 0: how ollch a patriaeic commentary should be dewlopcd, each of which were carefull)' pond.red in our ieuibilit}" 5flId)' and its \-Vim high rupeet <0 alternative conceptions, there are compelling reasons why the Drew UnivcrJity project has conceived as a practically commenury addrcMCd firsl of all to infonned lay rcadc:n and mOre broadly to pastors of Prolestant. Catholic and Onhodo" rnLditions. Onl) in an ancillary way do wc ""vc in mind as our p;trticul.ar audience the guild of p;ttrUtic academics. although we wekome their crirical U&eSlment of Our m.thods. If WC succeed in serving lay and pas toral reade .. practically and well. wc apect thcs.c: lens will aJ.ro be advanug<'ously UoN by collcgt and IW'minarycouncs in Bible. hermcnculics, church history.hislorical theology.ndhomilerics, siru;. th.y arc not easily acccssibl. oth.rwise. The series seeks to offer to Chrisrian laity what the Talmud and Midrashim have long offered 10 Jewish r,aden, Thcs.c: found.arional $Ourc are finding their way into many public school andintothcob!igatorybookcolltetionsofm=ychurchcs.pasrors.le.a<h .... andbypersons.lri, our intent and the publishers' commitment to keep the whole series in print for m""y yt"at'S to come and to make il aVllilable on "" economically viable .,1hscriplion Noi . Th .. e is an emerging awaren ... among Camolic. Protestant and Orthodox bity that vital bibli- calprcachingandteachingstandinurgen.nmof$Omedttpergroundingbey<mdmescopcofthe hislorical-criticalorientationsdmhavedominatcdandattimestdiJ'$"dbiblica1srudiesinour.imc. Renewing religiow communities of p"'yer and service: (crisis ministries. urb= ""d wnpw min_ ""\ istries. counKling ministries. rerreat ministries. monasteries. grief minulrie mininri of compas- sion. etc.) are being drawn steadily and emphatically toward these biblical $Ources for mediution and spirimal formation. Thcs.c: communities.rc uking for primary $Ourc. le" .. of spiri- mal fO"",,"I;on prcs.c:med in accessible form. well-grounded in reliable schobrthip and de<lic:ated 10 practicalw.c. The Prema,ure Diserediliog of the Caten. Tradition We gratefully acknowledge our afFini<y and indebttdncss to the spirit and literary form of the any
pretatiolUofancientexcgtlcsone.a<hbiblicallCu.Ourcd.ilorialworkhasbcndiredbyutili:ingand adaptingtholW'rrac\iriorufor.odaysreaden. ltisn'gn'ttabl.tha,thi.disrincrivedusicapproachhasbttnno.onlyshelvedbutpecu1ianymis- placed for SO'veral anruncs. It ha.< bttn long sine<: any ==1" has bttn made 10produ this $Or< of comment<lry. Under fire from mod.m critia, 0.( ClItena approach dwindled to :umO$t nom ingbymtnincteenlhcenruryandhasnoruntilnowbeenrevitalizcdinthispo$tCTi1lcal situalion. Ironically. it U wimin our own $O-cilled progressive and broad-minded ce nrury that mese len .. havr bttn more hidden aw.y and ignored than in ""y prtviow century ofChtistian schol- arship. With all Our historical and publishing compercru;ics, .hue tex .. havt bun rcgrc""blr d(nied to hare .. of Christian preaching in our rime. thw revealing of mode,.- My (modem chauvinism. narunlism and a,nonortKlUl individu.alam). blasroo<m narundistic reductionilm. MO&t of the J>&rticipmts in the ACCS pro;ea haw: livtd through douns of iterations of these crel .. of [jurary and hisrorical criliciJm. ",dong earnestly to upound and intel"J'""',thC(U(Ou(ofc...,r.n.orrowingempiricis(p...,mius.FordecadesScripru...,tcach.nand puron ha..., the (ro1.IbII ... 'un of asscnw;\ and trc..w within acadmtk criticism. Prud>cnha..., atttmpWII<> Wgutand utiliuthcacapproacha.yethavtofunfound the oufOmeS daappointing. l"be..., is an increa:I:ing awat'tRCSI of the apUlariw: ucusu and the .pinru.al and homiletic Iimit300ns of much f'06'Enligh.enmen( cri.iciam. Meanwhile the: motifs. mtrhods and apprna<::hts of ancien. uegeIes haw: ...,main.d ahockingl)" unfllttiliar no. onlrrnordaintdckrgy but I<> oth ....... uhaUlIi...,ly in the m.thods of lCitntific criticism. Amid the VUt t""gcrical Labori of rh. Wt two the :oru::ient Qu;"ian utgt'tU have ,ddom bn revisited, and then onl)' margin.>llj' and cit.n t.nd.:ntiowJ,.. W. haw: clear and indisputabkcvidcnoc of the: prevailing modem contempt fur dauic uegais. namely m..t the ut.",.;w: and once lWthoritatlw: da.uic commtnUrle$ on Scnprurt W1l ",oWn unrran$lawl into modem languages.. Even in Chma this Iw not happened ", dauic Buddhm and Confucian rommcntarieo.. This "Y"Ctn.lrX mndem ICholarl j' neglect is Stl nOI only among Protuun .... bUI all<> is wide Ip...,ad among Cathnlics and cy.n OrthndOl:, wh ..., ironi<:aUr the Fath.", art 5Om.,im., piousl)' ... n.raudwhiknolbeingen.rg.riallr ..... d. So twO powerful complcm.nu.ry conumpnrary f"orra are al work rn dr:aw OUr lar auditnct once "I!aU. coward these rcru and 10 &et th.m from p"""""" llmiled premisu: Firsl . this stnU IS a rc$ponK .., the dttp hungu for dauicaI Christian ucgcsis and for the his.o!} of UtgcII1. parUl'
UKful utgttical OulCOm" of f'06'.Enhgh nment historiCllt and n.atur:ali.!ric...,ductionisl cririciJm. Both of these animating .n.rgi .. ue found among la)" r.adtn of Roman. Ea.1.rn and Pro'Hta.lt Through the of the chronologicalli ... and biographICal back of ucb volume, ttadencan Iocau in timc and pIaa: the voica dUplayal in the eugws of a panirular pericopt. The chairu (caltnac) ofinlcrpreurionofaparricularbiblicalpalPgemUlprovideglimr-iNoththio. 101")' of the imtrprctation of a glw:n ...rr. This f'lrttrn Ius w:nnabk antedenu in parristic and meditval.",tgcsis of both Ea.um and Wesum rntdilions. u """U u impon::anl upressions in lhe ]Y,formariontradi.inn. Th. Ecumtniclll Rang( and lnt. nt Rtcogninon of need fer. the Fathers' wisdom ""er man)' d,WTR Ii:mm of Chruriarut). Th;, has necusi ... ,ed ,he (oop,,,.';on of .. hoLan of widdy diven<: Christian communilics 10 accomplish cm task fainy and in a NLmc:ed "'a}'. It hasbn a rNjorm.unenic:al un.ckruking. Under rnis d.u.s1C.extuai umbrelL.. this ... ncs brings lovrner in common apint O uurians who have long di .... nctd ,htm..dves from urn o.her through "'JW"te and onen competing church m('Tnohts. LIn<kr this _Icoming umbrella an gathering l'roIu ... nu with Eulem o.thodo>t. Bapnsu Wlrn Roman Cornolics. Rdonned wich Armin,:ms and charlsmaria. AngLcans wilh Pcnteco.sw... high with low church adhere nu. and prcm<><krn ... adi,ionali.u with f'OI',m<><krn H<nII' IS" that such ' 'aned Chmnans an: abletofind nupiration ;mdcommon faith in theKlens; \Vhr arctheU lcxtS andstud,u$(I intrmslCa!1yecumeni,a1.$(I calholirin ,heir cultural range! BccauualJofthaeuadmonshaw:anequalnghllOappullotheCllrlyhistoryofChri$tianexeg<'SU- All of me... .radlUlS can. without a sacrifice of in.dlec:t. come togc:lhCT 10 study lens common.o Ihcmall. Th,"",dassk.ex .. hi .. ory ofexcgCl". Pro ... lants haw: a right 10 .he Fathers. Athan;l.i'''' is nOl OWll(d b)' Copu. nor is Augwrine owned b)' North Afncaru. T'hue nunds a", tht common possosion of the whok mun:h. The OrthodM do no: have exclusive rights O,'er Buil. nOt do Ihe RomaJU over G"'go., Ihe Greal . Christims eve!')" whtrc have equal c:latm mmcse rochCland arc discovering them a:u! glimpsin(; their unit) Inthl bOOyofChron. From man)'varied Chri$ri.tn t,",ch. ions th .. projec:t has enli.ud u edium a tUm oflea<!. Ing inferna.ional ",hola .. in ancient Christian writings and the hisl0t') of exegesis. Among Easlern Orthodoxcontribu.on an: Profcsa.onAndrc ... Louth olDurham University in England and Dragas ofHol)' Croa (Greek 0nh0<Iru: ) School of Theology in Brooklinc. Mauarnl1RrlS. Amonf Roman Catholic ",hola" arc Bened;(linc " holar Mark Sheridan of the San Anulmo Uni .. of Rome.pun}os.cph Lienhard of Fordham Univc:niry in Ne... York. Ciltercian Fath ... Fnnru Mar IIn of the Catholoc: UniversitJ' of America. Album Ftrre, ... ofSeame Pacific Uniftnity. and SM .. " Voicu of Ihe EaStern European (Romanian) Unine Catholic t,",dition, wno ttache.! It meAuSW"n ian P'"tUuc: lns.inne ofRorm. The N.: ... Te .. amtrn ... rico is inaugu .... ted with cm volume on Ma. ch", offered b). <he rcnownd Cod>olic authonn' in the histot'). of e.upis. Manllo Sirnonm:, of me Univenllr of Rome. Among Anglican communion con.ributorl ore Mark Edwords Bishop Kcnncm Ste\VUOO (Fareham. Hampshire. in England), J. Roben Wrigh. (Ne..' YOrk). Anckrs Bc:rgquist (SI. AIbans). Goniar (Atlanta) and Gcn.Id Bray (Cambtidgt. England. anc Slrmlngham. Alabama). Among Lutheran (Ontnbul0n a", Quen!;n Wes.selschm;d: (5:. LO\ns ;. Phiilp K"'r anc Eric Hecn (Philil<klpbia}. and Arthur J"': ....... iliwn Weinrich and Dean O. Went;'. (all of Ft. Warne.lndtana). AmongdutingutShed Protutan: Reformed. Bapw: and othc e''anp:iJ ca! schol.rs arc John Sailhamer and Ste,""n McKmion (Wake Forest. North Cam;'na). and Cumen Hardin (LouilviUe. KlnrucltyJ. Chrismpbt:' Hall (5:. D.,,d.. . PennS\.j,anta J. Ligon Duncan m Mississippi ), Thomas McCuIlough (D,""ville. Kt:ntud<y), John R. Frank. Pcn ... and Mark Elliott (HO)'(' livupool). The intem.>,iorW . eam of MOOn. ...... ..,Itacd in part 00 flea mil ecumenical rangt. They wtrt choIen on me prcm.iK n.o"< only duI d>cy wc <ornpt ..... t.o ..,Ita fairly mo..., mat be$: ronvcy the corumJual tndition 01 urIy a.riJrian c:ugcW. bu. abotha. mey woo.dd no< omitsignif". icam voices within it. 1My lUrched insofar u possible for mo..., comments mat would mn", widely received gentnUy by the whole church of all generations. eut and W ... Thi l i, no. TO ,uggU\ o. imply ma. all panuric writers agr. Onc will immediately on upon ...,ading .hae sekaion.c mat within the boundaries of orthodo%) .. ma. is. adudingOUlrigh. dl:nIllls of ccwncnically ruciwd uaching. thcrfc arc man)' views poa.ible aboot a pvc:n rat 01" idu;tnr;l mat theac dilfcrml views ma), lnongly affected br wide ,-m.rics of soaal cnvironmcnu ;tnr;I COIlIau. The Dr<:w Univcrsi<)' project ha.s bn meticulous abou. conunwioning volume cdjton.. Wc haw IOUghl ou. world<lau preeminen. in in.ernational biblical and pa.nsti<: IICholarship. and wW: in me, hiJ.oryof acgcsis. Wc have no. been <fu.appoin.cd. We have cnli".d adivelV .. am
n.. pro:jcct cdiron ru...., IlrTvcn fora h.gh level oIconsisrcncy ;tnr;Illter:aryqual.ry .-. mc coulV of,his Krics..A5wimrnollJ'f"":iuolm"son, thecdirorialVliJOflandprncedurua""progy-cw,dr
HonoringThcologiulRcalOning since;1 ,,,,ndsin the..,mceof the won.hip,ngrommulU!}, the Aces un.aOuhcdly auciaI ecwncn>ealpmiocsuthefoun.d.ationfo.iumcthodofcdirorial..,Iccrions:...,vcl.ation in his""}" trlni"''''''n roh ...,ncc,div'n. provid.ncein "X"l.ofiJri n (Qnwu ("the rule o(f:o.ith and Ion"), .he mnvertillg work of the Hol)' Spirtt. The.., arc rommOll auumptions of the living communiriu of v.ror5hip that "'" ..,rved br the commentary. I, i. common in this transgcnerarion.al commUlli<y of faith TO auume du. me COf\Jt1Uual ecIIlMnical WKhers wc", led 1' me Spirit in their inu:rprctivt. dioru and in Ihelr 'rllUmitring of a.'Llnan truth amid me ha::ardi of hIllO<"). "Tilcse taU auume lOme ],e,"! of IIn;ry and CODlinuiq' of eeumenical COIlSCnl lll in th. m;lld of me believing church, a CO""'n"" mO..., dea"r grasped in the pal.ill;c period ,han W. would be 1_ ,han lrue 10 the nc:n:d lexl if wc allow..! mode." auumpl;oru [0 Ovt.rrun theu prcmiseJ. An exu:ndcd proJ"I furl> as this requires a wcU .... dlncd (on.sta.ntly u the O<pn,:ing principle ;tnr;I dcrcrmina .. -hich approacha talt. pnon!)' lI"I ...n.a: .art of babncc. Th" object,ve infumu; the ... ay ,n which ,eRlOORl ill complui<)' a ... rn.lIUged. Tlli l object, ... hu al!Udr been JIImmariuQ in the Inree goah mentiolled at the begmning of .nll int.ooucnon. To al,er '""}' onc of theK goah would. .ignifi: antir alt.,. th. cru.raacr of me whok taSk. W. vie,,' Oil: work nor only as an a<:adcmic exercise ... ith lcginmalC peer review in the academic community. but al..oasa vocation. a tuk primarily undertaken <OIIIm Dto (" befon God") and nor onl),,,,n,,,, iooInini j",.("before humaniry"). Wchavebecnasronished thar wc havcbccnlcd farbcyondouro ... gin.1 intendon inm a Chinese translation and other rranslatiolll inlO major world languages. ThisefFonisgroundcdinadccprcspcctforadistinctivclythcologicalreadingofScripru""wl canno.bereducedtoh"toncal.philosophial.sacntificoroociologicalinsighuormcthod&.. lluke. Menot1$l) the ven.rablc .raditKm of ecumenical rdIccrion conocming the premises of rewlation.
Chri"ian .hough . Th" approach does no< pit theology against critical meo.}": in .. ea.d. i, incorpo nlles (tltieal rnethocb and brings rhem in.o mordinau: xcountabilllY ... ithin iu ow ... tdI'ng hon,,' IctOfrheolog.calpastoral J"'rpo>$CS- Such .n enduV'Or does nor CI ..... O an) cad..., of mod .... id. oIog.a.ladv"'aq. \Vhy Evangelical. Arc Inueuingly Dn ... n To ... ard PUdl l; C Eugui. SurpruU\g to SOInt.. the 1I'\0I0' n .... emergen. audirna: forpa.rUric found .mon!; th. upanding ... -orldwt& aud.enu of "'ang'local rCaMn who 1ft now burgeoning from I h"->' of ...,vn'alum that has often been thought III be hillorica!ly una"'aft. Thi' is a t ... wIion dut has often been cariu",...,d as crincall)" Nck"'ard and hermeneuticaUy chaUcngt:d. Nov. B..pni! and Pemec ... tal lai'rare redJsrov.ring the hiswry oflhe Holr Spirit. Thi, iu.clfil work oflhe Hoh Sp.rit. A. rl>oM in .hut tradi.ioru conlinuc 10 m. ... ure. they rOgniu tMir need for biblical l"CSOuI"CesthatFOfarbeyondthoscw.havcbeenmad ..u\.abIewthcminbodlmcl"cO$ocand hmoncal-<nncal.radlllons. Borh piensm and d>c Enhghtenment wcrc largclr.grecdin uprcu,ngdisd.ain for patrisri<: and cia"ie forms of (Xcgeail. Vi,aI preaching and .ugesi. mw, no .... ""ntu..., beyond , he conltrictions of h15wnaJ-cririaJ work of the centurr following Sch.....,itur and beyoM the pcnona1exillCnri:aJ Kory' rclhngofpiistn. DUring the nme I IICrVCd as KNot and uccutiv ...n.M of Cbrut"",,?, T..u,-. ] havc ... Jibe ... J mainli n. communIon) like an ongoin!; $Cminar in learning to .mpathiu .... ith the tcruioru n.ceuitiea andhungcrl ofthevuthetcrogcneowc,angelicalaudieru::t.. S\I: wh) jus, no .... il this ... cd for pa,riltic wisdom fell panu:ularly b) O\'an1'I,(aI leaden and Iamo; Wh)" = ,,-orld...,Qf ... "angclica4inc ... .uingly<i ... ,.,.., """'aM ilI>C1en: accoun,. for rh" rapid and balic rcvfl"lai of mood among the inherilon of che lrad,tioru of Prmcaan, rcvn-al "m!!tI.pamrbccaUlt,h.C\angclicaln'ad"ionh .... beenlongdcpnvcdo:anr ',talcontactwm: theMe patn.tic &ourcu lIn ,h. dars oflu.hcr. c..lvin and WtlIler . ... ho kII . ,, them wet. Thil commmtary iI dediated to allowing ancient Chriltian extgeles to sPc: for d>tmsclvcs. h will not fixo..d unilaterally on conrcmporarycriricilm.lt wm provid<, new ttKru.a1 ffJOurS for me lay reader, tucbet lnd pastor mat bave lai n inaccessible during the last two <enturi"". With out avoiding bistorical-airical iuua thathavc a1rady n:ceivcd a:.enJivc cxpIOf"lIticn in our rime. it will_k to make aV3i1able 10 our pratnH:Uy audience the: mulriculrural. <ransgtncnoonal. multi ... mnirlg.gl"OWlng.hunm and tobUSt audienct. Such an ende.avor is tapec:iaIly poignanl and timely """. bcause increasing nwnM" of e\"angelica! Protcw.nts an: newly diJ.:overing rich dimeNiona of dialogue and widening :uuI of ""'""MW .. Ortho<Im-andCatholiaondMsiveusucalongtbougblirTcpanble. Tbe ..... dyoftht Fathers on Scrip- turepromises to Ioignifian. infetaenOfUl berwun Prott$Uflts andurl>oba. on Wues maliuve plagued them for ttnturics:justific:atioa. authoriTY. Chrisrology. uncrific.atioa and eochazolog)" \Vb)" Because they can find in J>ft-Reform..o.cion tUts a common faith to which Chrisu..ns can appeal. And thil is an arena in which ProteStants distinctively I"ttl at home: biblical authority and inlctprttation. A profound yumingbroods within the heart of evangdicals for the recovery oftht hlsmry of enguis as
S.tp. To ... ardStltcrion. In moving from u .... da .. fO making ""'nions. the volume editors bave been encouraged to move judicious.l),througbthrItCJ>$: Step I: <WInl Gm*.....! LItl" t""' ....... to>ria.. The volume editors have bttn rcaponsibk for auniningme lLM-by-linecommenuncsand homilies on tht reno m.eir voIumccovcn..Mud. of mil material mnains untranslated into Englim and JOme of it mto an)' modem language. Step 2: RMewtnl d'g<I4l,td"ht.<. The volume editors ha,. Mcn respon.ible for examining mc reoultsofdigitalloUrcJ.csimothcGreck and Latin d.JI:I.Iwc&. To get megi5t of ,he contU' of the ordinarily about .en linos above the ra .... digital rtftrtn and ",n lines after the n:fcn:ncr
in cases when: the reoulu of me digital 1oUn:nes have bttn th,n. Thm the \'OIume edlrOf$ baw de.er. mined from mcoc potential digital hits and from puhlilhed teXU thOle tlut mould be regarded u more scrious pou.ibilifics for indusion. Step 3. MoW""f ..Ittllo,U. Having assembled vcrv-br-vcrv commenn from the Grftk. and Latin digital d.aW>ascs. from cnan. commen<arics.and from a1rud)' tra!Ul.at\ Englah lIOUn:es. either on d.ul; or ,n pape pnmouu. the \'OIume ccIltoti ha,'. mm "Iccud me 00: commen .. and n:fltctiotu of anom, Chnsn.an ....... teti on a pven biblICal rcr.. follOWIng upon critena.. The in.en. iolO ftllp"rtmof'{c ... " nrences orparagraphiofpltriSliccommentfhatbe.ln:flectthemindof th.
The Mc,hod of Making Selections It i. wcful to provide an erplicit account of procisdy how wc made th...,selectioru. We invite others ro anemp' similot procedures and compare outcomes on particular p:lA$.O.ges.' We wekome the counsel of oth .... who might roviewour choices and sugges, how they migh' ha...., been boner made We hav ...,ugh. [0 avoid unconsciomlrbiuingour .. lecri ...... and wc ha""soIicited Counse lrohelp In order that ,he whole projea might umain cohesive. the protocol. for making commenu,.,: sclectionshavebeen joind)agreeduponandstateddcarlrinad,anccbrtheeditors. publishers. translators and research , ... nu of the ACCS. \Vha, fonows is <>ur checklist in assembling ,hcs< Thfol>",;ngprinciplt.<.! ltcti." have been mutu.tllragrecd upon roguide the editots in mak inf spMc. wise. m ... ningful can. selections from the , .... , patristic rorp"': I. From OUt huge d.ltab .... with iu profuse of po ... iblc comments, we ha ... preferred those p:lA$.O.gestha,h2veenduringrele .. ance.penctratingsign;fic.aru::e.cTOSSOtlro<alapplic.abilitrandpra< ticalapplicability 2. The volume .dimrs have sought to identify patrist;' .. Ieai ..... that display ,und",.nt ,hott calst .. The editorial challenge has been ((> identify the mos, vivid commen" and bring them to .. ,ransl:>tion. Wc hope tha, in moS! c.ases selection.< will be pungcnt, memorable, quotable. aphoristic and short (often a ftw sentences or a single paragraph) rather than e""en.<iv. technical homilies 0, detailed upositions, and [hat manr wiU have some n.arnlti"" interest and mUmi""ti"e powcr. ThIS crilcrion follows in the train of much Talmudic, Midrashic and rabbinic exegesis. In some e.ases howevet. detailed comments and longer sections ofhomili .. have been con.<i<iered worth), of indu 3. We scek the m",. representarive COmmen[$ thal be .. roflect the mind of belie,'!nf church (of all times and cultures). Selections focw more on the to id.nt;f), con&ensual s[rains of eX'1:.si< ,han sh:r brilliance or erruic inno,ation. The 'hought or inter pre[ation can emcrge Out ofindividu.al cr<ativi<}'.bul i,mwt no, be inco n$iSten, with ... nat the apo$folicttaditiontuch .. andwhatchechurchbelie ..... \Vhatth.consensualtraditiontrusls leaSt is individualistic inno"a!ion that ha.; not yet subdy leaml wha: the ... orshiping communi,,' .. le ... in,ero"edin idio<rncraticin.erpn:c:nionsof a j:'iv<:n.e;c,han 'A .....baoiPh.D.daM""""" ... <u....dyb<"'!:"'"" .. ""m.h...",.oi .. dnriop"" ... """l"'l''''''''''''''n>hodoIocr .... ,J>n>m''C'<o<honr<ho<hbiMKal .... ,......''' ............... oia'''fuI .. ,'''' .... ""' .... t...!on>lr-. .............my __ .... ... """"' .... """,aJ..o, .... ucnona ... taU dill fairly rcpruent the ccnmJ flow of conJmIual eugWs. jwt what is untnl is left for me fair pro&wonal judgment of our ecumenically disringuishccl Orthodo.: . Pr,""manl and Catholic "Olumccditors to disum. Wc ba"" indudccl.. for example. many sdections from among me but COmmcnU of Origen :and Ttrrullian, Dut n01 moat authors' peculiar eccentric:itiu mat ho"" bn widely di5tTwted by thcancitnt ccumcnkaltradi tion. 4. We have espcc:ially IOUght out for inclusion rho..c: coru.cnsus-baring authors who ha"" been rdatiwlydisrcgarde<l. oftcnductod>cirooc:iallocuionorbnguageornarionalit). iruofaru thei' work is IUOlWlt with the mainm-eam of COOKflIual exegesis. This is wh)' _ ha"" sought OUI spccial c:onsulunu in Synac.Coptic: and Anncnian. S. We ha"" sought to cull out annoying. coane, gracdcs.. ablurdl) allcgonar or r..:i:olly offen sive infCrprctations. But whercour selections mal' haye some of lhox cdgts. _ ha"" supplied foot . notes loaui51reaclcrsbcncttoundemandmeCOl1tutandintcntofthc ten 6. Wc haye constantly $OUght an appropriate balance of Ea.fCrn. Western and African tradi. t ions. Wc ha"" inlCnrionall)' al1empocd to include Alexandrian. Antiochenc. Rom..n, Syriac. Cop- tiC and Annenian traditions of interprcution. Above all. wc "'lint to p"",idc 5OU/Id.llimubting. rdiabk UtgeslS and inumi", .. ing c:oposition of the ten hJ' the whole IJ'KfI'Um of cbwc Chril' 7. We haye nude a special effort where possible to indude the voices of women' .uch as MaCTina.' Egcria. 'Fallonia Bctit;" Proba. the Sayinga of me o.:SCrt Mothers and othen; who report the biblical interpretations of women of me ancient Chril tian tradition S. ln order to anchor the: commentary solidi)" in prinury IOUtCcs 10 as 10 allow the: ancient Chri, .tan wntCrl 10 address us on their own terms. the focuo is on the tera of the ancienl ChriJltan Wrif _ ers dIcmsc]yes. "'" on mookm commen ......... views or opinions of the ancienl wriltfS. We how looked for chow rommmU on Scriprurc ma, will assist the reader to enCOUnter ,he decpcstle"c) ofpcnetrarionofme tutmathasbcenrcachcdb,is hestinttrprcters lh;ng amid highlydi""rgc:nturlJ'ChriltiansociaJsettinp Our pUrpo$" is not to engage in crirical specula';"", on IC.t1ual ,,riants or Itemma of ,he: text . or AIIopno:aI_._ .. _ ......... _ .... __ ......... ..... n... .. . __ a..- __ ... _ ..... .... _._.-... ...... ........ --.. . -------. .. --... - ..,..... .... -..-.,.........0: .......... ......... ....................... ___ J ___ ._ .. . ...... __ .. ...,.,..w.""""' ............... _o......... .......... .,.....,._ J .. ....... .... ..".,..,._"T ....... OIoI T_ ....... .... _ ......... ""' ..... .. ... """ """""'""","'''' .... .... boort .. .,.._"'T......u..... O"""-.Nr- G"I"'l''''r-;.........,.Jo-. ..... """I' __ ""*" ("' .... u..."'Motro( --- ..", __ .. _--rIoor,...,.. ....... do:Hbt<atiolU on its cultural con'ut or soci.allocation. uufuJ mose exer<:Uc may bt. but to present mosr di$<:erning COmments of me ancient Christian write .. with a minimum of di.otracrion. This p'OjKt would bt entirely mi.oconai""d if mought of as a moru:m commentary onpam.tlccommentana. 9. We have intentionally !-Ought out and gamered comments th.u will aid effi:criv. preaching. comments that give US a firmer grasp of pl:ain:s.c1lS<': of me tut. itS aumorioJ intent. and its 'piri tu.tl meaning for the worshiping We want to help Bible readers and teachers gain read)" access to the do:epe!lt reflKtion of the ancient Christian community offaim on any particuI...r tut of Scripture It would have inordinatdy increased the word count and cost if our intenrio n had been to am.us exhawti""l)' all th.:!.t h:od eVer bten s.aid about a Scriprure tUt b)" every ancient Otr istian wtiter. Rather we have ddibtratcl)" :s.cIK.ed Out of mis imm. nu d.:ota stream the StrOngest patri.ric imer pretive rcflKtiolU on the.ut and sougllT to do:liver them inaccurate Eng!ish translari on. To refine and develop mue guidelines. we have sought to ..,Ie't as volume editor. eimer patristic. scholars who undeutand the nature of preaching and the history 0 fuegesis.orbibliClI ",holar, who are at ease working with dassical Greek and Latin SOurCes. We have preferred edi to .. who are sympathetic to the nuds of lay person. and pastors alike. who ate generally familiar with the parri,ticcorpus in itS fuJl range. and who inruitive!y undersrand the dilemma of preach. ingtod:ly. The intcrnarionaland ecdesiasticallydivcr:s.cchara.::,crs.fthisreamofeditorscorte. sponds with the global range of our ,ask and audience. which bridge aJl major communion. of Chri .. ianity. Is the ACeS a Commentaryl w. have chosen to call our work a commentary, and with good reason. A commen .... !). in itS plain :s.cnse definition. is "a of illus.rar;ve or uplalUtory OOt on any important work. :u On the Scriptures." C"",mmr." i. an Anglici:ed form of the Latin , ,,,,,mmr.rn.s (an "annotation" or"mem
analr ... sorexpoundsaportionofScriprur . some ear lier work such :u Julius Hyginw'$ comment.ari(s on Virgil in the fint ntu!). )erome menrions many commentators on se<:ular tars btfo", his rime The commentary i, qtpically preceded by a proem in which the qU""tiolU are who WtOt( it; why! when! 10 whomi etc. Commenrs may deal with grammltiw or lexiw problems in the text An anemp' is made fO provide me gi" of me au.hor". thought or moti'"arion. and perhaps to do:aI with sociocultural influences at work ,n the .ex. or philological nuances. A commentary wuall)" GlNZ ...... I><TIOODUCT10Ol tUa aKCtion of achsaial tat and...du to make iu muningckar to readers roda)", or pro.a:im.otdy cIcartt,in!uw:withdlecintenlofdw:aumor. 1lM: W ... tmlitmlry gmn: ofamunmwyisddinilively WpN bydlechisroryof url)'Chrislian conunmtaria on Saipruf(, &om Origen and Hilary throughjohn Chrysostom and Cynl of AlH- andria 10 1lIonw ..... quinas and NicoLu of lyra.. I. Leav .. toO much unsaid o.impIy IOU<""'" tha .m Christian biblical cornnwtwy took a pll:";owJy 1tXQf1. lirerary genn: and rubap<:d i. for Chrillian IHU- Rather il is mon:accurllte lO .... ymat dIec Western lilerarygenrt of mtcommontary (and espt cia1Iyme biblital commen .... ry) has rarrisricromm .... u.riu as iu demi"" pattern and ptotorypt_and cl>osc rommtmariu ha"" .. rongl)' influ"",td me whok W ... ern conception of me g.oonn: of com- menta.r}", Only in !he Ias. rwo cenmri ... sinu me dewlopmtn. of modtm his.oricisl me.hods of ctitic:ism, ha"" some .molars sought 10 delimit me definition of a commentary mOll: .. rictJr 10 as to include only hisroriciJt inltt'tll:i-philological andgnmm.otial inlighu. inquiria inroaumor . .b.e and Ktting. or imo sociopoIitic.aI Or ecotIomic: cil'CUllUtanCtI, or Ii.erary anaIysesolgcnn:, m\lctUIl: and funcrion of the: IU!, or queaoom of tutuaI cnticism and n:liabilit). TIK ..... ces cd.ton do not Manr UNte readen of modem commenan.. an lCU.dl' 1"'I-ff of om of mrir mOlt ptnlJtem habits of mind, control of the <=< by me inleT""e wherebl' me and ..... tat romes under .he pow ... (valUtl. asiumptiom. predispositioni. ideological biuu.) of me mootm interpretet. This habit iJ bucd upon a ilrger pattern of modern chauvini.m that view, laur critical sourc ... as mon: worthy than ... rlier_ Thil pn:judice unds 10 view the biblical ttn primarily Or sometimes Hdu.ivel), mroughhurorkai-crilicalkrucsxcommodarive tomodernit),. Although...., respta!hut viewsandour volume edi.on arc moroughl)' t"amifulr with contempo rary biblial criticism,!he ..... ces cdiron fTedy take me ",umption mal the Chrisaan carMX1 is.o be respuud as the: church'. "",red <=<" 1lM: 'H':" auwnpriono about iudf cannot be made I .... impor- ,21U than modem asswnptions 3bout k. The reading pracbing of Scriprun: art V1u] ro the church's lite_ 1lM: ce:nlral of me ..... ces en.ck.ovor is du, it might in some ,mall war 10 the rtVit.tlt:ation ofmal lifcthrougfl a rencweddiliCOWt'}' oflhe carlicsl readings ofthcchurrh'l Scripcur ... ..... Gelltl e C .... u. ror ThOle \ho E:rptCI ..... nci.nt Wri te .. . o Conrorm to Mod .. rll If one begin. b)' asauming U lIormariw for a commentary me typical modem Hpreuion of what a col1'U1\tnu'1' is and me precmplive l",thfu1nuo of modern critical methods. m. daY" Christian Hegt'''' an: by definition al"",.. going 10 appear as .bud, q"",int. pn:modcm, hence inadaJua.e, and in IOfT\C mstanc:u ronuc or even mcan-opinud, P"'Jud,ud, unjust and <>pp<eut""- So .n the in ....... : ofhermmeutl: faim ..... " is recommended m..: the modem rude: n<r. Imp"'" on ancocn: Christi:ln atg(.u lotdj' mO<krn iWUmptions abo1.it the valid reading of Saipruu. "In. ancIen. ChrUtian wriceri consQndr were lo.er 10 become thac hidden and indttd camounagcd iWumptiom. This s.tt1U noc _k.o the dd.ue bcrwecn the m.riu of ancinu and modern arge' sis in urn.ut uamind. Romer;. OttJu m ...,Iy.o pra.:n .m accrpred commenu of me an""n. "\lcrprtUrswidlalkwdi..,xrio"'alP""'ble..W.willlu""h ... oo:htts ... 100CO' modcm me,hods of aegaU. But "",n mi, conno'! .... donc adcq ..... rc1r wtmom attn .,...,1)' uamining dlfc .au of ancien. ucgcsi,. And until no'" bibJjc.ol scholari ha..., 001 had eu) access ... manr0f<heu .exu. This is what this urin; is for. The purpose of ucgcsis in me pa"illic ptTiod "'as humbly.o _k tht ,O'UIed truth the Srnp lUteS con",,}', Ohen 11 was nnt ",en offcrul to meo who wcre as yt:! unready 10 put it Into practIce. In ,hCK rcspcc:u much modem acgau III ennrely different It dou notUSumc tht trum of Srnp. ru",u...,vclarion.nordocsit5Ubnutpcrsonallrtomcca.tgonc.almoralrequirement oftht revealed .al: Iha, i. M ukcn " riowlr u divine addrc ... Yn wc 1ft hc", dulinll with patriotic wrire .. who usumd .ha. readc .. would nOl cvcn approach an demen.ary dioccrnmcn, of mcaning of me 'e'" jf mq' were 1\01 <0 li .... in ICrmI of iu ,,"...,Lotion, i .. 10 practice it in order to hear ;,. as ,,'u recommended IKI often in the dasaJc tradinon. Thc palristir modd. of ncgaisoftcn do not ronfonn ... modem iWumplions mat tend .n ruin or .... 1. ou. chains of ocripruraJ reference. Thuc are oncn deme.oncd u deplorable proof.texting. BUI among .he ancien, Ch..urlan writH' such chains 'of bib!ical...,krc:nct were very Imporunt in thinkIng about .he ",Xt in relation .0 me whole teStimony of ucrtd Scriprurc b)' me analogy offaith, rompanng tut wim ,en, on m. prcmiu Jtr'P' ....... a KI"'P'''''' .... ("Scnpruccubco,,,,,pIamcdfrom Scripru,.."). \I/c beg ...,..]us 00' ... fora: me iWumptoo", of fundamentalllm on me: ancien. Christian wrilCri, who thcmselVelO knc:,,' nomingof what wc: now CllI fundtRlc:ntalism.1t ,$ uncriric.al IOcondudc th.)" w ... I;mpl. fundamentalists;n the modcrnsen ... r..,rio.ic ""rge.1S "u 00. fundamentali ... b.ccauoe .hc Fame" WCN: not ",acring agains, modcrn narurahstic reduc' llOIIlIm. TherwerctonSlantl)" protesnnga mcrclylitcr.ol or p!am.sensc..;....,of th.tnt, alv. .. " lonkingfOr iu opt"'\laI and moral and typological n ..... ncu. Modem fundamenallsm GppO.itel)" 11. dcferwve response branching 0\1. and awa)" from mod n hi5toriciJm, which looks fa. morc like modem hiorici.m than ancient typological reasoning. Ironically, m;, makes both liberal and fun damcntalis, ucgai. much more Iikt each oth than cime. arc like me ancien, Chri.,WI ercga ... b.ccauoe mn' Doch .end to appoc:.aI to .anonallltic and historicis: auumprioru rwcd 10 me forefron: br m. Enhgi"cnm.nl. Si nce m. pnnciplc pt"'''L1s in ancien! Christian urgesu ma: e.och un " iIlununcd b)' omcr 'U" and b)" me whol. of the history of revelation, we find III paln";c cOmmenU on a go;""" le,,: many othtr $ublertS i'lU:rwoven in order to mumine thal text. '#hen ancitn. atgesis wuves many ScriptUra together. it does not limil iu fOcus ro a single la. U mum modem exegesis prefer.. bUI consuntly rdares it ro other rexu by analogy. imensivdy using typological reasoning as did rhe.-ab- binictndition. The ato:empr 10 read the New Testamenl while ruling oUI all theological and mor.>l. 10 say noth ing of w:lesiutical, ",cramenlal and dogmatic assumptions thar haY<': pmailed generally in the community of faith that wro.e i seetru to many who participate in that communil), .ocby VU} Ihin enrerpri5f: indm. '#hen we Iry 10 make 5f:nse of Ihe New Testament while rulingOUllhe plou sibiliry of the incarna.ion and resurnrnon, the effort appears arrogant and di.torted. One who len delllious!y re..uone page ofpatri.tic extgesi gups and TOSSes iT away b<caus.e il does nOt confonn .deq""Iely 10 the CanOn. of modem extgesis and hisroricist commenla')' i, surely no model of crili- calefl"ort. On Mi.ogyny and Anti-Semiti&m Th. questions of .nti-Semirism and misogyny require circunupecr commenr. The patriic ,,"';ttU .re pem:ived by SOme to b< incurably anli-Semitic or misogynous or both. I would like to briefly ato:empt. cautious apologia for the ancient Chri5lian wrilero.leaving details to others more deliber_ .Ie dfurtS. I know how ha:amous this is, especially when done briefl). But it hu become .uch a srumbling block 10 SOme of oUr readers that iT prevenu them even /Tom ~ 5 t e n i n g to the ancient ecu- menical teachers_ The issue deserves some reframing and careful argumentarion Although these are challengeable assumptions. and highly oonrroY<':rted. i, i. my view Ihat mod orn racial anti _Semitism ,,-as nO' in the minds of the .ncient Chri.tian writers. Their argumenu were nOt framed in regard tothe h.tred of ..... ce.bu. rather the place of the elect people of God. the jews. in the hi.tory of the divine-human covetan. tha, is fulfilled in.Jesus Chri". Parri,ric a..-gu. menU may have had the uninrended efi"r of b<ing unfair to women according 10 modem 'Ian d..ards. bu, their inlenrion was 10 understand Ihe roIeof women according IGapo$101ic teaching This does nGt solve all of the tangled moral question. regarding the roles ofChri,,;aru; in ,he hi . tories of anliSemiti.m and misogynr. which require continuing fair-minded "udr and clarification. Whether John Chrywilom or Jusrin Martyr were anti Semitic depends on wht,htr the unn Qn'; &m'lo. has a racial or religious-rypological definition. In my vie,,'. the p.rr"ric re:ns ,h., appear 10 modem readers TO b< anri-Semilic in mGSI cases have a typological rmUll" and are based on a 'p<". cificapproachrothei nterpreUltionofScripru...,-theanalogyoffai,h_whichassesseseachp.rtic- ular toxl In ,daliGn to the whole trend of th. hi$lory of revdalion and which ,iew, the difl"t...,nce betweenJe,,andGentileunder chti .. ological .... umption.andnotmerely ... marr .. ofgenericsot :OY<':n in thei,. harsh .. , .mccuu, agains' Judai:ing threaa to th. go.pel. tht) did not con,id.,. as racially or gcnttocallr ,nfenor pcopIe.:as modem ann'Stmires are prone ro do, in meir comm", .. on PaW', srnCtUrc$ agalns. won",n ruming, ther little or no aNmUl against dw: kmale gender auum, but rather aalttd..-omen u"thcglory of mm: Compa..., me ",riring. of Rosemary Radfo<d Ruethe. and David C. Ford" on .h"", P."l,,",zinS i.lues, Ruether <lcadil)' '!'Pliu modem criteria of ju.ltke to judge the inadc'luadu o( the ancien. ChrUria" wri.en, Ford IIkI .o undemand the ancient ChrU,ian writen empathic.:allr from within their Own hisrorical :assUmptlOlU, limitations. ocriprural in[(rprt .... rions and deeper in[CnriOl\$. \VhUeboth trellrncnu= iIIu"unadng. Ford',rrca.mcn.romcsdo.crma ofpa.ruricinrmt. A No.con Pd.giu. The JOkerion do not rule ou, POU$.OS" from PdagiUl', commentari .. at thOK poin" .t which .hey provide good uege.is, Thi. requires spcci.aJ aplanation, i( we ..., to hold fast.o our crI ' tcnonofcons<:ouua!i,y, n.c htera!'}' corpus of Priapus remaIns highly COf\'roYffttd. Though Pdagous "'15 by general """"n. dw: arch-here ... of the early fifth ttnN!'}', PdaglUl'1 edited commentaries.;u wc now them worlr.!:d <wer b)' Ia,er orrhodor ",ri.el'$, wcre rad and preserved for fuN .. gen' .... tlOIU under omer namCi-So Prlag;us prurnu US with a tarual dilemma. U,,{iI1934 III wc had "u I corrupted tom of hi I Paulon. commen.arr and fragmenn '1unted Augustine, Since then hi. works ba"" been much ,rudied and d.baied, and we now !rn,",: tbl! ,he Vd'gWl corpus has been SO .... rped b)' a hiJrory oflar rcdactol"l mat we might be mp,ed not to quote it at all, BUI i. doeJ ...,main a SIgnificant sou",e of fifth-cenrury comment on Paul, So...., can not wnpl)' ignore it. Mr "'ggallOll" .!ut me reader is ,,'ell advistd not to the fiIm-cenrun' PrlaglllS too e:asilr with later Standard nel'eOt)'peIi of me archheres)' of I'elagianism. " It has.o b< ...,membcrcd .hat The ta. ofPclagiw on Paul alwc nOOl' ha"" it " '15 plUervcd In m. COrpUI and probabl)' reworked in me sixm crnturr by eith.r Primaliu! or Cusiod.orw Or bo.h. The commentaries wer. repea,edly recycled .nd rcdacte&, SO what we have today m'r b. regude&alCCllliOnan,wim much S[lndard Ia.er parrosllc thought andacgesis,aduding.ofcou rse. ,har whim is ectunenicall), cc",urcd aI "Pclagianism: 1'w:lagiw" original.a.w .. unuceptional, "en if "" n .k,K't PO"''' of disagrttment WIth Augustine. __ r--. (Nn\"""s.-onoIsa-.... 191')'I)..;dC '-! Mm...!\\I ...... " mu.. f.at\r Ch.n<fljllwMollV ...... .. St-Jont>a.rr-... ISo. Canun.P-n.' s.. ToiUoon, OnboOo:<Tr, .",
... Pll'IMt, __ l lgl"S7tl. We may been ill-advised 10 qUOlC mis matcrW ,.."Pda&1\1.1".and perh.ap$ m;gtn quoted it ,.."PKudo-Pclagiw" or"Anonymow;:bul here we follow colllempo .... ry p .... ctl(t. Whu .0 E .. ptct from Ihe inlroclllctionl , Ovc .... ie .... ancl lhe Duign of .he Commt nu '1' In writing me irnroduction for .. p.artia>br voIurm. me ooIume td.i.o< r;ypic:aUy ducwaa me opin. "'" of me Famen rtgarding ' "<honhip of !be ten,!be importanee of!be biblical book for in.erprelen, che avaihbilil)' Or pallritr of " .. ri5';c commen".an), 5.IIien, poinu of debate bawtcn che Famen. and an)' partiaW.r dwlengcs involved in editing mal volume. The ,ntrodu, .ion afford< me opponuniry m frune the en.ire commentary ,n a manner chat ",ill help the general ruder undenund the 11.1"'''' and Iigni6anot of "misric comment on ch. biblical IcxU under con ,idcraoon, and m IM:Ip ruden find their bunngs .and IlK cm commenwy in an tnformcd .. "" . The purp<>K is rogive rudena brief glimp" Inmm. cumulatiw argument of the pericope, identifying iu major con.tibu,o .... This i. a .:!.5lof .ummari:.ing. W. here...d.: m render a ", ... icc m rcadc:rs by It.ating thcgill ofpatristi,argumtnt on a M:ries of ... rKS. ldca lly thc ovcrviewahould.!'1ld; a reasonably cobc:,..i ... thread of argument among palriSlic commenU on the pericopt. even though tM)' are derived from divtnt $OUrca.and "m", n.. dtSign of m. .,.....,,;e .. ma), ,'at)' 1OInt'IIo'Iu., from voIumt m volume of this oeM. depending on the: requlrementi of cm .pccific book of Scripture. The purpo .. of the sdernon "'".!i"Kio to introduce rudtcs quickly in.o the subject mallet of that "Iu.;on.ln this ..... )' readers an quickly gnip what is coming bt gUncing over the head,ng. and .,..trvie .. the:.ub)cct of the heading. ... rsc:s ma), be Jinktd wgIM:r forcommcnt. Smcc biographical mformation on each ancient Christian .... is 111 abundant Alpply In "Inous gencralreftn:ru:e WO"". dictionaries and encyclopedias. the ACCS has no ruson.o duplicate mese .A'oru. Bu, we have provided;n each volume a.imple chronologicalli" of thost quoted in chat vol um., and.an alphabetical .. t ofbiognphic:al sketches with minimal (cdesi.o.stical,juril(!,,,,iona/ and placeidc:nrificarions.. Each puuge ofScnprure presenu iu own distinctlC1 of proble .... concerning Ioorh .. kerion and eranw,uon. The sheet quanei')' of . urua.I nurerial.s tha. h,.. been searched our, :aJ$.C ... d and revi ..... edvlrieswidclrfrombookrobook.Thtrearealsowidtvaria,;oruin th.d.pthofparri"i' iru.ighr into I ... U, the rompkxiry of rolturally wIped a1huioRl and ,he modern rcl.,,,,n<t of the ma'triW examined.. I. h,.. been .. challenge 10 each volume edtlOf to draw togcchcr and dcveiop. rusonabI)' leC!uena of u:xnW 'n.erpr ...... tioru from all of mis dJvcrsi<), The foomOtCS In.end '0 1.$iU, "",dc:" w"h obocuri, ... .and p"'enual ronfusiolU. In me anno ... tiON ha ... identified 1II1n)' of me Scrip",re all\l.l;oru and h"toricalref.rences embedded wirn;n thcrexu.. aim of our i. to hdp rude .. move easily from tut to ter! through a deliberate cdito rial linking procus mat is Sttn in the overvif:ws. hc.ad.ings and anno .... tions. We ha...., limited the footnotCl to roughly Icu than a orw: tn Im ratio to the parrisrictcxta themselves. Abbrevi.mons an uW in the foomoteS. and aliJI ofabbrcvi.arionsis includcdin uch volume. Wc found thu thelalk of editor;a1linbgc nud not be rorc.,d ;nloa single pattern fur all biblical booIuo but mwt N molded 10)' mal particular book. The COmplcmul ..... ;'y of In ... d;,dplinary Ruca. ch Mc.ho.u in Thi. Invutigation The ACes i, intrinsically an interdi.dplinary .e"arch cndcavor. I. conjo;nd)' employ. "vera! but ,n.erui.:ucd memods of ruurch. ea.ch of which is a dts.tnC't field of inquiry in iu 0WtI nght. Pnnop.al among mHC mctbot;b arc the follOWing: T<SII"tl ",1101",. No literarure 15 CVCl' transmItted by handwritten without the risk of sontC '_ri:ttions ;n the teXt creeping in. Because we are working with andent tau. frequcndr recoptcd. we are obUgcd 10 employ all met:hods of;nqulryappropnatcrothe.....dj ofancicnt . uu.. To that cnd. we ha"" depended havilr on me most ..,Iiablc 'UHtiticaI scholarship employed In both bibliul Ind patri .. k lrudiu. Thc work of '''''Iual cririQ in thcae fields has been invaluable in pl'OViding US with dw: mO$l aumori .... tiw and ",liable of tens currcnd) a,.ilable Wc have gralcfuli)' the ateNi"" cntieal arWyscs used In CTcating the Thesaurus Ltnguat Inrespcct.oth.bibitcalluu.ourdaubasercscarchersandvolumcedilOrsha""oftenbttniaccd w;m me challenge of COIUldering whil:h ,.rUne. w;min the biblical.at i,"1f an usumcd in a pat. llcular5dnon.hisnotah._YS5CIf-1'riden.wbichtraJUlariortorJwrrunaofmeb.blicalta."bcmg 10). me anclenl commenlalOr. Wc have . upplied explana.ory footnol ... in somc ClOCS thc" .... iow ,""tual challenga ma)' ra.i5C potential coru:crru for rwers.
ccotWXIIICandpoliticalromauofthesdcctiorutakcnfromthescancicnttcxts. Th"undersundingio ,,",ell vil2l to the pro<UI of discerrung wha, a given comment mun. or in,ends and which comments are m061 appropri.:ttt 10 the biblical pu.sage ar hand. Howtver. OUr I'I'IWion is not primarilr lodisnw
socW Iocaoon of <he ttXt or the philolog!c:al hisroryof pamcularwordlorin theJOciculconscqumcu of me leX . interesting or rhesc mal' be. Some of these queslions. however. Cln be trea.od bricfi,' In the: IOotnottJ whcrcvcr the: volume ahtors deem 1\CCaIar}' Tnougn ........ mo<iu: co.uernu.ltz.a.ion of pa.n.,,, .errs is a, nma and required.OUt pur. post .. not . 0 a oetailcd soelalhis.orlcal of each patn.,ic [Ut. That would rcqui",voIumes,en,;mcsthlSsizc.We\rnov.thc",areccrtainluuma.necdonlrsligh.con.cxru ai::.;otlOl'L. omcrs ma, f'!",rc a r"a, <ita! mon:o Mean ... .j,i1e. omCl"atS stand on mei ...... n usil)' and briUland).1n some casu apboriltiQ1l). withOUt n<i of rontanJ.ali;.1clon.. l'heu a"" the tau .... ha"" most oougnt to i<knrify and We an: )eut interutcd in thoN: tau th.:It oo.,;otu!y a lot of convoluted crpbnation for a modern audience. pmcu!ari)' inclined to rule Out thou blatantly off .... i .... au antiSemiric. morally inglr chauvininicj and tho,", that are intrinsically ambiguow or .hO# that would SImpl)'!)( sel(. eridtntlyalienatingtothemodernll.ldW:nce.
ACCS.rbt cmpIwir. on tboughtNJ bibIic:aI tcrI is primuy.l'hc inunnon of ....
... Iy dcrnythologizcd. ucpric modem interpretation of the ancient commcntalOn. On act. Scripturco [Ut but ro allow their commentS ro speak for from within thtir own won.w;'w. In thi. scricl the term cu:au is w.ed ITIOf'1' often in;ts dwic than in in modemsCI .... ln ludu JJC sense, atpis includes cfforu to aplain, intcrpm and comment on a .a,. its meming. IU 1OUrtU. iu conntions with other ta;rs.i, implies a cIoM: ruding of the 'U'I, wing wha.e""" I", gulW" hiJmrical.litcnty or thcologicalruouKcS a, ... ilable 10 explain the .e:n. lE """muted wim tIStfI'.Iu. whldl impliu th.:It the has impo-! his or Mt own pel$On.al OP"'H)Il$ Ot H5umptionsonthetcxt. The I"-rris';' wri ..... ac.i':c1y praniccd iMlr .. tcxtuaJ exegesis. which seek. to dd'nc and idcmifr the exact wording of .a . its grammatical stT\lcturo and the IntcroonnC<'tc<lnus o( 1<1 pam.. They Wo ptacticI =textualacgesis. oeeking to the geogt2phicaJ. historocal or C'Ulrural con.c:rt in wtoich the text "'as wnnen. Mos' intpon2llt .my aJso vny .... U'PrKnccd In """,. tcxtlLl! CXtgeslS, seeking to discern the maning of a ten by comparing" with other tau. H .............. o<.s. We an: ancnti"" to the ""')'I in witich m. ancien, Ch ... "an ",",en ducribl cMir own interproting pl'OCU$otS. ThiJ hermcneuric selfanalys" .. csped"Ur neh In of Origen. Tcrtulli.n.Jeromt. Augusrine and Vinctnt of Urin&." Although most of (lUe 1'olumt edi,ors arc thoroughlJ' f.miliar with contemporary critical d.isc .... iotu of and lirerary methods. i. is not m. purpose of ACes ro . ngag<' thuc issues con tcmed to displar and rcvc.al ..... riow hermcn.uric auumprions t:ha: ,nfonn patrUlK of Scripture. chiefly 1' !cuing the ","un opeok in their own tnmL H",,,i)ttiu. One of the pracrical soW of the Aces is tM mle,,-al of contempora., on m. ligh. of wis.dom. of anc;"nt Christian prudting. With thIS go.aI in mind. many o( th. mOS: t"=nch.nl .nd ilIuminaring commcnu included arc selected not from forma! romme,,:ane> bu' "o.<_"'choo __ "''''''....,..... ... '''''''*'I''' .... __ .. '''''ACCSwtm''' .. .... ACCS ... ....... G-Io ...... (o--nc;-.III.o ...... \...., Gl>IU" I'" from the homilies of the ancic:nt Christian writerl. It comes ill no IUrpriSC that the mOIt mIOWned among these early prad>en ww: a40 thot moo. act:iwly mvgal in me task of preaching. prototypical Fa!htrs who aff mon utule al deicnbinll !htiT own homiletic usumptiolU and meth 00... art. GTegory the Great, Leo the Great. Augustine. Cyril of )erusaJem.John ChryJG&tom, Pcter ChrysologusandCaeu;riuaofArla" "'",,, ... &1 "'"'. Another intmady pn.mal goal of the ACes is to.-mew OUr ruden' '''"lrm"" of the ancient t",dition of J>U.oral care and ministry to perso .... Among the leading Fath.rt who excel
John Chrysos.orn. Augustin . and Grtgor}' the Great.. Our editors hue presen.ed this monummal pas.oraI wisdom In I guildcu war thar i, no. inunda.ed by the pr.m;"" of tont.mporarr psrch<>. "'crap). lOcioIog) andnatun.li'licrod .. ctioniam. T"","",,,,,, tlotory. Each \IOI .. mt. is compoiod of dirt quotlOOOU in dynamic oqui,.um. English t",ouI'Oon of anCIent Ch..uti.an write ... I",ndated. from the originallangulge in iu belt received .crI. The adcq .. acy of a given a[tempt al translation is al"",l" The task of I",oulation ;..ntnlUic.allydcb.atabk..W.ha"" ..... ghtdynamic.quivalcncy" withoutlaps.ingin ... panphrue. and. b.crary .ranslatiOll without lapsing in.o wooden li.eralism. W. have rri.d ron,ist.nd), 10 makc:ac,cuihl.,o,onrcmporaryrcadcnthcvitalnwonc .. andcnergiesofthc languagesof anliq. wt)". Whm .. ..". pouible .... have opted for metaphors and l11li that:on: normalJr wed b)' commu, n,ca.Ortt todar \\llu, Have W. Achin.d! We h,,'c desIgned the first fullsale earl)' Chrilt1an commentary on Scripturt. in the last five hun dred yean. An)' future a"cmpu a. ,Chr,,,ian Talmud or p,tr"ric commentary on Scrip.u,.., will tirl>crfoUowmuchofourdcsignoTatanclinaomc:.;gnif"t.cantlUf'O'UCtoit. W. h,,,,, sucuu/Ull)' brought together a distinguished international nClWOr-K of Protestant, Catholic and Orthodox scholars. dirors and.ranslarors ofthc h.ighes< q..witj' and reputltlon.o
... __ "'"-'chIr-u.l .... ..,.Ear-".NiGa. 1IriIl1_) .... Eooro .. A.Sid&...,jJooo"' W ..... _O"'I-r...- .. .. .w.T-'-'J(NaohriIio. .. __ ......,..oood......-lr .... _" .......... __ "'_ ...... "'-........ .....,. .....,.......,,....,.. __ EopMo ... _" __ k_"' ... _ .... _ ,_-' _ _ ._. ......... .. ""'.....,.. __ .... .-n'''tNoripIoJ''''''.: --r.mn ... _"""" .. ........ oL""' ......... .... _ ... """"'f" ... .. Enfbdo .. ...... ........ .. .......... __ .fudthoI_" ........... .-I ............... " .. .....,...L_-r_._. __ .... ____ I""'-.'"-'_ .... n..NI< .. __ ..,.,..,..;...-._,.......... .... _,.-_ ..... .". ........... -..." .............. Noo ..... ""' ....... .a..... .......... -r . ........ hopo" .... _ ... _.,......u,-rioW..,. .... tI-r" .... 'hichconsti tut .. an amumg _'" and a distinct new ecummiaJ realny in iuelf. ku jointly brought inro for mulanon the buic pattern and direction of the pro:jtct, gndtWi)' amending and correcting it as needed. We havc provided an inlOrdis.riplinaryexpc:r;mc:ntal re..,arch model for the integt;lt ion or digitalKaTChttchniqu .... withthesrudrofthehi.toryofexcpis.. At thIS nmc:of writing. W't-are appl'O%ima.e1y half .... ay through !he a.rnu.l producuon of me K ..... and about hiliwa), through the time frame of the pn:;tct, having dewLoped the design . a a po.nt where It is nOt likel), .achang. , ignificancl). We have made timedated rontracU wim all valumeedi ton for m. remainder of the yolum<:$. We are thw well on our "")' """"rd bnnglnj; the English ACes to compienan. We ha .., entnded and enhanad our inrenunonal ncrwon.. m a pomt wt.ore we are 00'" poiled to proceed into modem nonEnglish Language vcn.OIU of ACCS. W. alreod)' havc ill2Ugurat,d edi.iolU in Span;';'. Chin.sc. Arabic. RIlIS;an and Italtan, and are prep"ring for tdiuon'ln Arabic and German, with scvcral more languages under roowd'r1tion. We hay. recciyec! thefu!l cooper1rionandlupportofDrev.Uruven,c,' u academIC spo ....... of m. projcct-a dminguished universic,' that h.:ts a umar\cabl. runrd of supporting major in"rN' tiorul publication projccu that ha""remaincd in print for long pc:riods of time, in many Casei O>'t r onehundred )'Un. The mWt widdr used Bibl, concordance and biblical wordrehrcntt .Y' ...... In thcW<Hi.d..oo...J'"""romposedbyDr-ewprof"essorjameaStl"OOg.It"""the"",}'roomonoccupiftl D), PrnfessorS.rong.wh.rcclicconcoro...ncercK.arch "'asdonc in the IS80.. mat for manr yca n " .. as my affi<:e ar Ort,, and coincidentally the placcwnere misoerics .... uconccwed. Today.'i.r....., . &haul" .. Umc",""",crf doe 8iWt rest$oo the shel .... of 0\0$' paoror1llibr.!rits in the EngIUh-opuk mg world oy.r a hundred ycanlf"ter iu fint publication. Simibrlr the Nt-v,' )i>rl: r,,,,ts'. Amo has hpr in prin' the major multivolume Du,,' University work of John M'ClinlOck and jamea Scrong. ... Thenujortdi .. onofO'risri.anclassiainO'inesc ... as done al Ore ... ' Uni,..,rsic,' fin, years ago and is .till in prin ... Drew Univcniry' has wppUcd mud> of the leadership. 'pac., libr1!"}" won.study auistancc and "rvie .. that ha .... enabled th..., dUr1bl mcrNtionalKholarl),projccumbcund.rtaUn. Our .dflCN bcnefacwn tu..., prcfCrrl m remain ilIlOI>ym<Ml$- Thq ha .... been weIlinformed . rove parmen.n ,u conccptuali:ation and dc:...,lopment, and unflagg1Rg advoc.o.res and .n the support of thi.length)' and eo;sdr effort. The Kria h ... hn bleucd br &lead)' and generow .uppor.. andaccomp"nied bJ'1Rnumerablegifuofprovid.ncc. TnomasC.oaen Henry An""" Ihot!: PmfelSOr ofTh.olog). Dr .... Uni .... rsiry, General Ecinor, ACes A GUIDE TO U S ING THI S COMMENTAR.Y $eYe"! fu[Uru havc bttn incorpor.ot! jnh) me design of mis commentary. The following corn rrltntlareintclKkdto;tUistl"UdcrsinmUingNlluseofmilWliumc.. Pericopu ofScri p.".c Thel<:np[Ur.>l.""'h ... Each of mc.sc pmcopa is pen a heading. ..mid! appcan at me btginning of me ptrirope. For cumple. the first pcrioopc in me commentary on Genesi. io'I:1 The Beginning of Crcarion: Tn ... he>ding u fOllowed by me Scripru,.., passage quoted in me Revised S"",dard Version (RSV) ""mu the NIl width of the ","gc.. The Scriptun: puoage is prorided for the COIl",nima: of TUdcn. but ,t U also in hepmg wim medic,,,", p .. ri.ric commentaries, in which the citalio", of the Fathers wc,.., arranged around the ten of Scripture.. FoUOWlng each of text i.J In overv,ew of the patn"i, commentS on that The for. mat ofd"s ovcrview varies W1min m.: WliumeoofmisKoo,depcn.dingon spilk book of Scriprurc.. The funcrion of me ovcrview is to provide a brief summar}' of all me commentS 10 roUo .... It rrad<S a rclSOrulbl)' oohcli", thread of argument among patriotic commentS. evcn though they a,..,duivcd fromdiw:nclOUn:aand generaI10"'. Th", thc.umm.oorieldo nO! p<"O' <red chronoJogicallr or by verse SC</"cnce. Rather mey seck to ",hearse ""cralJ courK of ,he plttistic CornmCU on mat Wc do not ;tUume that the commentaton thcmsc:l"" anticipated or upruscd I fonnalj, rerYcd cohes,ve argument but rather mat rhe "ano", argumen .. tend to flow in I plausible. rec,,' n,:abk lltrem. Modem rudcn an rh", giimpse: aspuu of continuity in the flow of dwcnc: Icaltnditi ...... rcpresc:nting.-anowgcnerationsandgeograpllicallocarions.. Topical Hudings An abundanccof .. anod lltrunc comment is "'ailable foruch of meu l=e,," For ,illS rea son .... brol<en tilo pcricopci Into two leveu.. Firlt i, me vC1"SC wim itS topical Tn. pa," ... ' comm(nU lre m(1l i'ocusc:d on upccu of each VCf1.C. wim t"PICaI headings thr c...,nce of me patruti: comment br evoI<in, a ktj' pnruc. metaphor or idu. TIt " f"'nm: pm. vides a bridgco by which m...urn can into me heart of me patrinic comment. Identifying t he Patri n i. Tun Following the lopical heading of each section of comment, the name of the patristic COmmentator is given. An English <tarulation of ,he pa,ri .. ic commem i. then provided. This is immediately fol lowcdbythe titleofthepatrisri<workandthe,utualrefercnce-eitherbybook.5cction and sub $<Ccrionorbybookandversc:rcferellces Th.Foo,nolu Readers who wish.o pursue a dee""r invesligation of Ihe Jtri.ti. work.. ciled in mi. commentary' will find the: footnotes esJ>""i.:lIly valuable. A footllote number dirccu me reader 10 Ih. notes al the bottom of the righl.hand column. where in addirion ID other notations (darificotion. or biblical CIDSS refcrcnces) one will find information on Englishtr:mslaliom (wherea,.,.;]able) and standard originaJ]anguagco editions of the work cited. An abbreviatedcita,ion (normaJlydrin gthebook.vol ume and page number) of ,he won: i. pIDvided except in ascs where a linebyline commemary is beingquoled.in which case thc biblical rererences will lead. directly ID Ihe..,lcction.A ke)'to the
in mc..,leaion, we have tried to reOect thebes,a"ailable lenua.l ttadition. For the convcnience of computer datain.se users the digital database rcfertnceo a ... pl"tWided t 0 either the Thesaurus Lingua Gtaeae (Greek lexu) 01" 10 me Cel.dO(" (Latin texts) in the appendix foundonpagesln.s2. A BBR I! V I AT I O NS Anocnt Q,.,.1lMI Writ .., n... Work. of rh< Fotl>on.., T....w.,,"". Mahwlh. N.J., Paul", PraJ..1946. W.HoImu.2ndtd.
0 ..... od. n. AK .... aI H....a....,s-. r.- .... S:rr- B<.< ..... Muo.: HoIr Tmufigu n.-Mo.\Utn).l984. ". Rob.ru ondJ. OonaIcIoon ....... "nt.Nicenc: Fathon. 10 ....... s..fialo. N.Y" Chruuan u.. I88S1896. R.epnn,. Grand R>fl1do. Mich.: Eet-dm ..... 19S11956. R'mn,.I'.,.bo.:I)" M ..... : H.nd<KUon. 1994. St."rhanuow.. vmo:"l"lIomaJNeloon.19711. CCl Corpus La,,,,,,. T .. ,,,,,,,,, .. Belgrwn: Brtpoh. 19S3. CSCO CorpusS<np'''''-'m Or .. " ... """,m On.nUlLum. Loul">rn.lklgium. 1903. CorpusS<nI"ONmE.r::duluriconimLa"""",m.Vienna,I8iJ6... J. A. " ... ma", d. Sa"", P."" Noun f ........... SJr' o,.m. Om.". Rome, 1717. Fath< .. of th< Chum.: " Ne .. TranslatlOfl. Wul"""","," o.e: Catholic Un,vus''Y of "meT' oaPra:..1947 .. F.W.Nonu.iio .... c.....F.!l" .....
Hadw.g. HOm., . ...!.G..,.,n,Ny! .... .... Lewkn:E.J.BriII. 1972. Bed< the V eneroI:>k.;;.,.,;u.. ... riltGospth. Trarula,tdt,'L T. Ma"mand D.Hu ..... 2...,u. KaL.mawo.Mich.:O ... rcianPublICa,,,,,, . l990. Ephran th< Spun. Hyww .. "-oiu<.. TnnsIa<od 1' S. Bmdr.. c.u .... "<>O<!. N.\"" SI. \'WUm,,.s.mln.aryPrul..l990. HQ(; }<rom J;./orno Qw>t-.. .. c........ T ransla .. d ....,th "".....ducoon and cocnm.nW) 1' c. T. R. H.,.... .. ni.OdOO:I:Chr<:ndonPrul..I99S. )CC John (:auW,. c-}n<to< ... T=uIa ...! by Cclm I.I"Ibhe;d. a.......a of W .... m Sp,rnua/.t) .. Mah-.."2i:..N.J.:P:ow...Pruo.I98S. JMO JuI"nM.rryr.Op< .... Edi .. dbjJ.C. TO"cr.3 ........ ./ena:M.u418421s.tS. al. ....... r ... Ubn.ry oECh.,.".n a......a. 2ti...u. W"'''''ru'". l.oHo CluoacaILibn:r Cami:>ndgr. Ma....: Ha .... \'m.o.; Londot:,
LQAH W. W. Harvq. ed. s-n m-; quu,; Loop ...... u.... ............ H...ma. 2 voIs. Cambridgc:AadarUcPtu,18S7. I'.S<halI"""al . Sdca Libnryofth.NlnundPOft Nlnt Fa .... t"$ of .... Ch .... ,w. Church. 2 .. nos (14 vola. eKb). Buffalo. N.Y.: Christi.on L".ro ........ ]887 ]894: Rc-pnn Grand Rapids. MidI.: E.erdmano. ]952 ]956; Repn'". Pubocly.Mau..: Hmdnduon.
GIouceau: Muo..:Pet.rSmith.l97l . OSW Wrih"t'- Translawl by Rowan A. Gtur. o-.a olWcstC'" Spin," ... hry: A Libnzy ol d.. Gt-a. Spin<u&l Muu:rs. MMwrah. 1'aWut. 1979. j.P.MlJMoed.P:ou-ologUGnta..l66vo1s.Par",M'g.I8S7. 1886. I'L j..P.Migne.ed.p.uclos" Lo.nna.lllvoi<.I'an.:Mign.,I844 1!16<1. PLSupp. ed. P:o.roIogia L.o.. ..... Suppkmt .......... S ....u..!'uu: E.d. ....... Ga ....... mra. Pooudc..Maam.... n.. Fif'1 Spinlur H"",,1 ... ..,.j tht G ... , WUT. and e<!,te<! br G><g< A. Molonoy. S.j.CluoiaolWatem Spirlnuliry. N< .. \'0<1<: P:oulut. 1992.- R.Graffin.ed.hu-ologUSyriaa. J ...... PatU.:Firm"'Dido<etJOCii,]894-1926. PSD .. , . mSplritualJq, Mah .... ah. N.J.: P....L ... 1987. QO .. Sxn.zIbdiIloo.I979. H. tkI.uNt<.J.Danl<lou .. al .. .. ChrOrienn ... l'an.l:E.ditlOruduC.rf.19ol1. SymeQll .... New n.....&opn. n.. o..-r.a. Translawl by Cj. DeC..t.a ..... ro. aa....c. of Watem Spmtualltr: A Lixur of d.. Gra: SpinnuI t.taoun..l>Wnnh. N:J..: Paul ..... 1980. "The tomplete tm eompiledby SI. Nikodimoo ofrk, Ho/)' MountaIn""" St. MV:.arioo of Corinth. Tranil ... d and ,diwl by G. E. H. Palm.r.l'lliUp Sh.errard and Ka/.lisros Watt.4vo1.a.London: Fobe.&: Fabe 1979]99S. I N TRODUC T I ON TO GIlNIlS J S J - U The urly chap.en of Gmcsu had arguabI)' agnate. ;nfll,l(llu on the devdopmell' of ChrU.iu> me ology dun did :lfI)' oIher fW"' of the OIdTt$<=Ient.ln m_ early ch:opccn the Fathcn MVfc 5C'I <>Ill the fulldamenw ranernsofChrisnan lheologr. Here mere w affirmed m.. dOCTrinc of CTc<Ilion, III a<rordance .... i.h .... hich me eruled orOer had bcen brought into bcing from nothingbyGod' . Wo.d aI oomedung "a.:ttdmgly good. (Gen 1:31 ). Onc of me most popular genres of KripruraJ commen Plry among the Fame" ""'" commentary on me I'" days of elUtion. Ifw: Hcucmeron. 1boK 1' Buil the Great and AmbroK arc ""map' the mo" famous. Although Augusl ine gave mi . tide 10 none o(h(, booIu., he mu.ned a.1QlI five rimes In up<irion of me fir,.. chapter of Genesi. and mre<: rimes carried his beyond dw: fim chapcc. (T .... BooIo:l ... Gmnu tM MQn- "'-' .... The Famen also found in Genes'J the doctrine of humankind [lUted "according 10 rn. image and lhncs.<ofGod."lnadd.tion,thcy foundth=dw:doctrineoflfw:&lIandthc\)(ginningof&llen human 1OClU)', aI wdIas hints and gueua about me eventual O'CT"COming of the &lien conch- nonrnroughthcil>Cam<lrion.il>en:foUowsanacooumofthcestablishmcntofthchurnanrauou[lide .hc"p.araWKof dcligl .. :me constant Itrugglc fOl" . urvi,...t in a naru.ral now unfricn.dlJ' or
Cain's munkr of his bro<hcr Abd. but also thcdiKovcry of musk (Gcn 4:21) and metal toOl. (Gcn 4:22). That fint attanpt to find a " .. y of lift outside parad.ise IIOOn foundcred in me proIif ...... ion of .... ickcdncu by humankind, which ...... wept a"",y by the flood, Noah and his family >.lone survivins. wgcdw:. with reprtsmUII ..... of the whok anirnal Iungdom. Sudl ...t.oIc:$>.Ic pwUshrnem of hunun wickedna. ... as not,how.:u, to be thc rult.and thc rainbov.. bcamethe sign and pLedge ofGod',_ enan[ with humankind. made with Noah (me Noachkcoyonan,. Gen After lhe flood, Noah and his dtsCe,.,\an[l btgan on again 10 csub\i$h a wa)' of He in lhe fall.n world. No..h bccam.c" farmer and planlW a (Gcn His first upmments WIth .... n. m.olung, howeVI'T,we", unl"orrunatc: h. succumbed rodrunk.nf\Cl,Sandendcd up " . etched OUI ,n his tent with hi' clothes in diumI).ln thi' phase ofhuman development. citic, began to be estab lished.: Sabylon and Nm ... eh an mentioned (Gm 10:10-11), Bul il became :opparcn: tha, human lIII>damr manif..s: in ti>o building up of otd.rtd human communirios, IUch as ci';"". could ;,... d>rted 11\ pride agaJl\st God and hi, purposc.s for humankind. and al the [owe. ofBabcl (or con fusion: as the Scptu.aglm has it) human soIidaritr was broken by lhe confusion of longues. the c ... ation ofdiffCf'C'"languages. Ir wa$ in rhil divided work! thar Ab",m wuoom among the ChaJdcaru.. Sep- ruagint nor the Latin Vulpre rccogniud Ur ua place name:: u.. Grttk rnns.Lara" as"place: Je.- ome We. it to mean "fin" and. in a lcamtd note. connccu it with the won.lllp of the: ancient GeneJU 11 ends with Abnham leaving the Chaldean. and ",rding in Ha .... n in Mcsopoto.mU. wh....., he rtaiYCd God', eaU (0 joumcy "ill further and become the father of a ra. ... riuch" ofthcKYeW>OIl of the God of Abnham and iAac and Jacob. of the caJ]ing of the people of ls",d and the whole IIOry of rhe Old TeJ.ament. in which emetge5. so Chri ian. with the Fn""rs believe. me hO!'" for .he coming Mcui2h. a hop<: fuUilltd in the incam.a,ion of u.. Son of God uJc:$u$ olN=cth. Cr itical Problem. of ,h, Tut Wc shall look in mort deuil at the theology the nthers DU. of,heKch.ap'..-, ls.eron. bur fin. vanom criucal problems ntc<l to be.mc.wtd.. Compiling a panunc commenury on any part of the Old TtslaInOn. raisa <JUt.l.oons no. raatd by ouch commcn",'1' on the N .... TtsumenL These qUeJ.ion.arela'P'lytndowiththcacntalbiblical.ex.and. . naleuc:rex,en.WJthrhenighercrio ciom of that lext (that U. qUeJti0n5 of comp06;!ion and authonhip). With the New Testament. the English .ex. dur wt ru.d. ...... -adays IS. ,nnslarion of the NewTesument mort or Ita as the Grttlo; farhcn rhem"'lva m..., ,, (there an: somerimts minor dilkrcnces rcxtual ",n';om detecu can)' acerio", 10 the text : for instance at Mk 9:29. but theK arc few). Bur with rhe Old T .. tament. is . major For the OlnJnan Old Ttsram .. " ..... the Grttlo; Scpruagtn. abbttvia d .as LXX. u.. Larm for IC'YCIIry). whe ...... what .. rnnslattd;n OUr Bibles " the Hebrew of ""'i," the Scpn.L.tgint wu an earl)' tnnllaoon. Dijfrnnw Iotr ........ rlx HtIrr.,.. rht s.pr""f.IIl. The ten of the Hebrew Bible and th of Scpnugin. du.pIa)' oom. InllJO' The Scpruagrnr .ndudes book.s sum as EccIe$.a.sucus (or Sirach. an of the fuU "de Thc Wisdom ofJcsus Son ofSirach) and th. Wisdom of Solomon that arc nOl induded in tht Hcbn", Bible. Some boolu ;n the Sep'Wlgim .. cm ro be lar..- expanded vcnionsofthe ... original: for Esther and Daniel. which in the Scpru agin' includes.." .... abo\Jr Susann.a and Bel and the Dragon.and an upandtd:lo/XOW\' of the Thrtt \'Oung Men in the furnace (iodwLng the """S'sung 1. them In prai'" of God and cr(aOon). ln other CUf". ,he S.pnugint pracnu the rcxr in a rcarrangcd ordcr ( . g.,rhebookofjcremiah . which nas addi.ions u weU). The.., an a40 marI}' minor between the GTttk and Hcbnw It i. general!.. hcld that the !;r .,., embeU .. hed .. ion of the original Hd,,,, .... ex'. But this is onl)' partlr rruc. Sometimes. as the Qumran disc<werla hay: r.vcaled. the S.PruaF,n. preserves......n:.. tha, rrughr have been 'Muded by rhe rabOis 10 the H .......... Bible had me Hcbu .. ongmal no. bttn 10"' b)' the early ""nruna of th.Chrutun .,... (or the common thougn.t IS no: h.nOI)IlCT'OHT<:>GVlUIS'" dur to whom il is common, ap.art from Chrilmru and poaChriSliaM}; &lIch is me caw with Sir ..ch. me ta. of the Hd>rcw Bibk duo WC' the ao-callt<! M:uouric 'e><t. is .he ruult of criric.aJ enduvors on the part of nbbiJ in tht KCOn.d IWf of tht first millenn.ium.lt is, then, a good dullaler than the HebKYo" lal thal would have been available .o the Gretk mruJalors of the xpruaglnt. Vananta in it mll' "",11 \)t wirnasa tooklCT and \)tnt' read.ngs than IIMt found In ,he Muoretic le,;!. (This, lOO. has been supported by the biblical lens msawered at Qumran.)' Tb< Tb< Cbru",," OIJ Tcs""",,,,u. Theurly Christia", WC're well awarec( mue discrep anciu berwccn th. Gre.k Old Tuum.n. arw:I m. Hebrew Bible. bUI a1moR univcnally .m,. ",,!!"a,dtd the ScplWlginl and traruJ.al1on. from il. nOllbl,. th. Old Lann version. as Ihe aUlhor; ... ",', rext of m. Old TUfIm<1It of their Chrurian Scriprures. Th. mlln I'UM>n for mis "'U dur m. Scp. rualn, was the version of the Old T."am.n. ma. m.,. "'.re acc .... lIom.d 10 wing. It wu in Gre.k that Chriltiani<y had spread m ..... gt.ou. m. Mtdirctr.>nean world. and 11 Wli tht SoplWIg,n o which Chrislian preach.", and mi$lionariu appealed as m. Scripture. The s..ptuaginl IS me ..... . l ion quoted and 10. for m. mO$t part, in Ih. N.wTut<lmtnl . ",him li , of COurU, in Ih. Gre.k of the first Christian miuionariHand Quutian communiriu. The Old Latin venion (or ver . ,on.j "'as a lraruJ.arion of the s..ptuaginl and remain.d theprinciJ>a!texlofth.5cnpru rufor,h"". ,,-hoapokeLarinmroughourthep.auu.ic pcriod. When Chri'lianity ulabli,hed itself among the Armenians. lhe Copta and Ih. Georgians. the xpIWI1m formed the basis for dM:ir Old Tuumtnt. I;ven among In.: who spoke a s..miti, Syria.:. thti, trllnWtion, the: !>eshina, though NturaUl' a tranWlIOR of lh.dO$c!r relarcd Hebre,,. is nOl ",ithOllt thc influencc of inlcrprelalions ins piredb) lh.s..p ..... . gint. Tht e"liest dissenting ,-oi,. from the primac), of the s..pruagint &eenU.o have been Ih. Latin ocholarjerom whosclranslation, """"' caUedthtVulgat .. " .... i"'p'redh,.his id ... lofHebrewtrum (HtI .... "," v .. itllJj, thougheven here.dcspi,.hi. shriUdefi:rucofth.p',orityoftheHebre .... h .. vef '1On /Tcqutndr follows the ,"x, of rn, s.pruagint .' At the Rcfonnation, .h, RenailQ.n,e idul or "" fim'" ("to Iht sources") led 10 ProICSUnt vemacul.ar lra",larions of the Old Testament \)ting Iw.c.l on .h. Hebre\\. and Ihence.o Ihe idea tha, .h. Heb .. ,, Bibl. is Ihe Christian Old Testament. Al,t-.gh the: Roman Cao:holIC Chun:h m;mn, ...... ed thu and '''''Hed on rlH: author,,)" of Ih. Ladn Vulga ... Roman Calholi< Kholanhip in rlH: latter half of the untu.), hu .enlkd to foIlo,,' the Reform ..... Christians of the Orthodox , ... dirion (whether Gre.k. Ruuian. Romanian or olher SITl1nds) stici: lomctradifiona.lnocionofln.s..pruaginllWlranslatloou ofil u theCh ... llan ._-... ... _ .. .,."...... .... ...... " .... s.p....,... .. . ..-"' ... onpnoI Hoe.c-, I . .... o<JGtnow 111._ 1t.:w>oIdS.H<..wln. ..... T-..Is...Ioo_c..-I,I;ooo (N-.......,o.ioooIu-..-r-'l"'!ll! "s...,_fo.Go-.C.T. R.-.;-I _ll--.. c.- (o.;..,La....--.I19S ,,/; OldTesr.amtn,,;md they m: mo",d up in this position by thttnormow imporr:ana: ofth. lirurgical textS that a",!naked in allusions 10 quOtatioru; from tht GTUk IUt of the Stpruagint.ln tht West, Onhodox Christians an: a minorit}', but i! is worth noting mat "'''''ndy a re", scholars called for a "'turn to the original Christian tradition, according to which th. Chrisri"" Old Tes".
Th< kgcrniO!II><S<pl!<Ofinl. For th. Fathers, this tradition was virtual.ly unqu<stioned. Further mo",. it was r:nhanced by the widely accepted tradition of me way in which the Scpru.agin! had been transLotl. According to a legend. first witnessed in the UUM'o! pmbably writun in the ..,c ond cenrury (I.e, the Scptuagint was a Grttk of tht Heb",w Scriprures, oommiuioned by m. Egyptian pharaoh Plolemy II Philadelphw (287247 S.C.) for hi.l library in Alexandri<l. The Jewish high pri .. ! Eluur was approached and ..,l.ctcd seventytwo scholars, six from each of the rtibesofls=l, who[",veledtOAlexandriaandthe",finw,tdtheirtnnslarioninsevenryo'rwodoys.' Later versions of the legend exist, for instancc that recorded by th. Christian bishop of Lyons in the Lour second c,""ru,,),, lren.oeus. According to his version the [nrulatOn numbered sovenry and we", "'qui<l each [0 produce individu.al translations of the whole of the Hebrew ScriptuI'CS, which were miraculowl), found to be identical.' Such stories of in minculow r",rularion naruralJy enhanced the authoriry of the Stptuagint (the ridederivtd from the number of the tnnWton) amongGrrek speakingJews,especiallyinAlexandria,andth.namongChri.tia= n..s.pruoginr ktwtm Cl",;,",", ..... By the second ""nrut'}' A.Do, however. the ust of tht Sop. magin[ among Christians was producing a reaction against ir in.Jewish circles, espccioll)' . hOlle rit des influenced by the growing rmbinic movemen,. which emphasiud the sup",me authority of the H. br .... venion. This division betwren Christian Greek and Jewish Hobre'" w'" deepened by Christian in[up .. r.atioru of verses from the Greek Stptuagin. ma. had no 5UPPOl'! from the Htbre",ren, rho most famous of these being the use of Isaiah 7:14 (1sai2h's prnphecyrha'"avirgin shall conceive and bear a son and his n.ame shall be called EmmanuelO) ",a prnphec), of lhe v irgin.ol con""prion ofJesw Christ (a1read')' found in Ihe N . ... Testament a: Mt 1:23). Whil e the ,Xptuagin, unambiguousl), means-virgin: the Hobre,,' word so [nnsla .. d (' al"u;h) means a 'young woman: Such di.!crq>ancies betwun tht So:pmagin' and the Htb .. ", Bible, especiall)' where the G .... k vo .. ion rould be read asa prophecy ofChris., beame ont of ,ho principal issu<s of early Jew- imChrisrian polomic (.re especially Jusrin Marryr's Diak>pt ",ill, TrypI>o tbtJ<w . WQrl< belonging to rnt m;dserond cenrury). NMl' 1 .... mJ..lioru, 11>< Hu4pk In the rouUe of the .econc cen",ry. "anous tr""sla,ocs- Aqui!a, and Loter Symmachus and TneOOo[ion-proviGtd G",d: versions closer [ 0 the origi nal Htbre".
"....,..,""' ..... ""'301.1) ...... ....,.. c.. <{ GN1B.<'" 1N'TIWDUCT10"TO G ........ ... , Th.csc uanaiarlons, which W\'n presumably incenckd for Grttk-tpWtingJtws., ruayt noc survivtd, protW>ll' btauot of cM lupKme ,...JIK atta<:htd by the rabbU .0 the Hob",w CUI and cM const- quem tnCOUragcmen. co Lurn Hcbrt,, within nhbinicJudaism. Uvt in the fragmeno dw survive of a nwsivt . ooIlOrbiblical scholarship.me Huapla, compiltd by cMgrelt thitd<cnmry Chrutiln and Ihcolog;':'n Origcn. Th. 10-(:a1ltd Muwe of in six coIunuu. wu a nwsivc synopt.is of the vtn.iOR$ of the Old Tawnent with coIumlU containing lilk by sick the Hebr. ,, cext, mat un mmlln.rated in.o G",.k. and me = of Symrnxhw. the Stpruagint and Thcodotion (though cM", isoome dispuleabout meeua shapeofthc Haapla). "is """ dear what iu purpaoc WK. though it would alert Chriatian:apologists co places whc ... th. Hebre", tendidnotluppon the Stpruagint. 'Whal happcnedwas tha, the Haapla l uppl. mcncedtheunoftheStptuagintandprovidoclabroadc,rturualbuislOrocripmr:Uullerpret&Clon: this mal' havtbem Origen" purpose. for it i. horn. OUt by his excgerical practi", in h' H ommenlaT ita and homili ...... Buc i. aUo enabled Origm and other scholars co conuc the Stptu.IgulI against the Hob...,w (whm: it wu obacure, for iTIWII'ICC). 10 lupplement the Stpruaginc by the Hcbrev. where .he was full er and.o a1cn the Chri.ti.,. a.c: holar 10 places in the Scpruagim when: the Heb",,,' ... u lacIuns. apfW'endl' wed the marks of ancien. ac:hoLarship. the obelus (+) and the as.er islo: (0). co mdia pau.agcs unique co the Stptuagin. and those passages tha, had been adckd." ,h. Th .. IUC-the Stpruagim augmented bl' pau.agcs fTom the IrarulatiolU of cM Hob",,,. oome .imes with che obeli and asterisks wtitten in, ",,"erima wilh. om'tted-came 10 circula.e among ChrulWlS. upeciaIIl' fTom the fourth "'nrury onW1!'ds, when me c:xpatWOn of the now roI cra,ed Chit .... .,. church led.o , he ckttand for copies of ,he Scriptures (c.g .. m. filly copia of ch. Scnpturn ordered from Ewcbiw of Caesarea by the emperor Con.acantinc for .... in churcha; lICe Ufo .,c...uc''''' .... 4.)6.17). Such '"<ptance of both the Hcbn:,,' and Stpnugtnt ""nioN of me Old TeJ,am.n,-w;m the Hcbrt"' l upplementingbur nor corrting ch. Greek Scpruaginr. h)' now ,ra' d" iO<U./ among the norm among ChrutWu-. Augusnn. V"" eloquent uprn- lion lothuu<KlerstandingofKripturalauthorit,.: Forthc .. meSprn,.n..: .. "Umthcprvpheowlwn.n.ydcb ... ,n,Ix"" ... ntynw:naloo;andhe"" elyhadi,inhi'f'O""'r<ou),lOIIIed"ngeiK,j ... , .. ifm.propi>c: haduidbolh.bec ..... i'w .. th.e ....... Spiritw'uidborh ... IO .. "''''-!ha,thcwwl: ...... 1IOI ...,..,.poJhcdby.mancrulavcd<oalneralnlleof.numbbutbythcf>O""UofGodlloodingandgwcb,,!: th.ern'eU'genuofth.,ransl .. or .... If.rMn.w ...... .. "bchoo .... w"' .... 'nth ... Scnptu' .. no VI'1>I'<lJdu,th. Spm,ofGoddidnotopcakth_ghmcn,i.foIlov..o.n .. ..h <YCT .. bor. no( III tiu<ofm.Kftn.rtr.,..u' ..... the SI''": of God dMi not choose ' oaa-' __ ... ... ws.- .... H...pi.. .... _____ througbth.bner.bu,onlythroughth.proph<t1.Onth.othtrhand.wh .... anythingth,,'i.inm. S<ptuagin.;.n<><intheHebtew!eX he""".Spiritm .... 'h"".p ... f.rruI.o .. yi'mroughm.forme, rather dun mrough the prophet>. m ... showing ma, m ... all _n .. m __ re prophrts.llk..wi .. h. spol<e . .. h.pleued.oom.mingsmroughu.a;m.om'r1mroughJeremW,."ilIom ... .noth .. propnet. or m. umeming. bu'm difl'tren,form through the bncrprophe< "" .... II .. m. form ... Moreover.anythingma, is found in bo<h pl.ruu""".thingtha. on nd ,h . .. m. Spiri,,,h_ ,o .. ymroughbothkindso(ins,""m.n .... bu.in . uchwi .. th,um."". kindl.dth ..... yinpropheoying . ndtheothc-rc.ame.fter ... im ' propnericrnru.btiono(th.irwords.Forjus, .. a ";ngleSpiri,ofpeaa inspired me former when th.y opok. ,ru. and concordan,WOI'ds, oo the """. Spiri. manifeltcd him.<elf in me laner when with"'" munul <o",ulu.ion they neverth.te.s ...... wd th. whol< ... if with one mouth. (Ciry of God 1M3} }trom. I'" VuIE'"'' Among the Greeks, mi$ view held 5way wimoU[ an)' ..,riow opposition. Th. onl)' real dissent cam. in th. West from Jcrome. who .. Latin tr.nsllltion. which Came to b<: called th. Vulgate (the common Bible) , was made in the cas<: of the Old Tesumen in principl . from the Hebrew. ..... even h. included the book. of the s.ptwlgint that aTt no. found in the Heb",,,. and frequentl)' hi, rnn,l.tioru, which w.'" generall), ",lIi.ioru of the Old Latin rather th.n fresh ..... "'La.ioru. ",flect the interpretation of me Sc?"",gin . Jeromi. prm",na for H.b",w ,rum"osalonelY'tana:and.n:r.cted,riticism from,arnong others. Augustine.' ltwuo nl),gradu- all)' ma, m. Vulgate establimed it&elf againn th. Old La,in. and in m. c ... of th. Psal.e . Jcrome's version from the Hebrew c5tablimed iTSelf in liturgical UK. Th. Venerable Bod wri,ing in EngLandinthe .. Tb. lal in I'" AnCl'n! ChruI;'m Q.m ...... 'Q'1 on 5<ripIW", Howdoe. mis bearon the Anci.nt Chri,- ti.n Commen "}' on Scripture. and in p.articuLar on thi$. me first volume, that deals with Genesis I-Ill From wha, we have secn. it is al'P"rent that the "'twlllen the Father$ used is not something that we can pick up in a curten, English rnnslation, for English Bibles we the Hebrew tat for me OldT .. cament.Even if the" we",.reli.bl. <r.rula<ion of the Sepruagint a\'ailable i nEnglish.tha, wouldno,be.uctly th. ,at of the famers either, ror printed lIersion, of the Septwlgint 'en are based on Alfr<d Rahlfi. odi,ion. first published in 1935, which is.n attempt ro work back from the texuthat have survived '0 me original fCxt of the A1exandrian traruJators..But,uw e h,"e scen.me text mOS, of the F. ,h ... WOIlld have used would have been some form of me w-called Henpl.ri, tf'Xf 0. at me "er), ieast hallecontained teadings d.tived from the Hexapla. In misvolume we have printed the trans.!.,ion of the Revised Standard V ... ion andnotedrlte ,ari.tion$ of this ,a, from the Septuagin: (in Rahlf"5 criticaleditlon).ln the r1)'ch.ptel'$ of Gen. .. ... esu!he Scptuagint follows tht Hebnw closely, thue Ottm [0 be no Heupbrk readings.. the ' arill tion. from the Htb",w being m.o.inJy "",nerl of inte'V"'tation 0( Ihe Hcb",w lexl Or """,etimes wimessing 10 allighdy dilfeunl form of !he lat than !he Maso",tic text. Bu . ,.. the ",a<\er will KC. almostall!he ' '3rianlreaWngsoithtSq>ruaginraTCp=ofthtrutmatthtFad>enhadbei'ou them and on whid. they WCTC rommenting. s.p'''''f'''' ,,,"","1> Jrvm I .... HoMo",;" G ...... 'l . ll. Aput from individual varillllt readings. thcu au twO uriking group' 0( varianu in the firs. deven chap.ers of GeneroU. born of which m.o.nifcst them- selYeromos.sharp/yintheg<'nealoglesma.formAlchapronunemlUtuTCofthesechapcen (though 0 .... mat m .... modem readcn fend .0 slop). llwo fin. connu nam<':$. the second the period. of YUrlmentioned.nthtgenealog.es. The "anatiOtlJ in the nam<':$ aTC of TWO kinds. Most commonl). these "ariantl au due to djfficul ties of rnauli.enrion befWCen languages wim diA'eTCIlt alplW>eu (e.g.. N,mrod bccomero Nebrod [Gen 10-.8]). But l! U SOInetLIn<':$1 miner of Interpretation, the Scptuagin. nu)' m,etpr<:' the nam< r."her than ,nnslnenting it (t.g., at iu first mennon. the name E ... iI tnn.slat"! ZO". "Iik," .... the. than Innslileuled;"BabeI" in Gen 1I i. trasula.ed "confusion"). Or it mal' do the ",vu..,. taking a word 10 be a name where modem ... ruJ.aron see a noun (e.g . in Gen 2>3. wheu Ad.tm i. I .. nwttd 1>]' modern traJUlafions ,.. "the m.o.o," .. -hile the Scptuagim seca lhe name Ad..m). Or.t ..... y idmtify a Hebw.' pbce name (thc mOl'l mwng aampk being the idmrifiC1DOn of rhe "B:abe[" of Ge-n 10:10 with &bylon) Or fail to idmtify a place name identified by modem scholars (e.g .. in Gcn 10:6. 13. wher<: the Scptuagim fail. to identif)' Me. raim ... Egypt). AU lillnifican. vanadoru in namu a"" .ndica.ed 1>]' additional notu.o the RSV .at., l'ht: discrepancy berwcm the periods 01 rurl ruord"! in the genealogiu bctwun the Scprua gmt and the Hcbuw lal (preJ.umlblydue to m reading Hcbrc .. numerals) w,.. notICed in anCIen: {imco.The,anation>arccuriousinth:otthej'usuallyhavctheefFcctol'lOmeof,hcpatriarch,h:oving children Ia.er in Life. while the acnW length 01 their livu rem.ohu the WTle (e'G-. accordillj; to Ihe Hcbre,,. Acta", became Scth', ( ~ t h c r ..... en he "'IS 130 and then livd for an<>th"r 800 years. where ... the Scprwtll"'t ha. him bca ... >Jng Seth. father II o:hcagt of230and j,ving for another 700 run: see Gen 5:3;). The.., discrepancie" however. cawed a problem. In the case of Mtthwelah (or Ma thousala).the Hcbr<:w calcularion has him dying. al the agc of969. in ,he rea,olth.nood (hulOn Lamcch. born in hil 187th rear [Gen 5:25J. becamc Noah', father "'h"", he wa. 182 {Gm 5:28]; Noahwa.600inthtycaroflheAood: 18i .. 182 .. 600 .. 969), .. t.creas !he Scptuagml cakuia._ has him dying 14 yean af'tcr Ihe flood (Lamech, born in Methwelah. 167th rear. becomu Noah. fathecinhil188th ycar: Noah"'1I 600 in the ycarofthe nood: 167- 188 _ 600 . 95S.14yu" lhon ofhil death at age 969). s.." Methus..!ah"'lI not in the an.:. 00 howdi.d he .urv,w:; )cromc. In hIS H ........ Qw." .... OIl G ........ soIvd the pmbltm b., ...ferm to d.c Hebt-M" . a aoIu .. on acc"l"..! 1>], Augustine. who h"" .. er nottO ma: $udl concct>On of the Scpruagin: br I h ~ Hcbnwwu warnulltd only if rMre war. rcon COlUppoK that mett had bttna simpk rnisuh. for me oevcnry wen: co be regarded, as we have seen. not simply 1.1 t .... nslato ... but as enjoying the free- domofproph. Cr iticI1Proble" .. ofC<>mpo"itionandAuthonhip MOAt modem rudcn of me Ptntauudl. the 6rst 6w booIu of me Bible m:.1 constituted the Hd>re,,\aw. or Torah. are aware of something of me raulu of modem sdtolarship 1.1 ro compooi tioo andaumorship. For nurlYfWOccnruri"' ;1 has generally though nOt un;"ersall Y bc:en heLd ma, the l'enattueh war. compile.:! in dw: posttzilic period (that M the aik or Babrlonian captivity, which luted from about 597 to 539 B.C. ). making wc of earlier materials-hiRoriu.legonds and law codci-and giving them a narrative .tl'UCtun beginning wim the CTUtion of the world or per hapf; woriUng them into an alrudyuisring narntive mucwn. forthis mtor)' (for It ilno mou: man that) iI the aisrenceof paral!d pa$$ageS in which the same event IttfIUI to be: ..... ted twice and me way in which God is ttl1:rw:! to in diffettnt pas. sages.So. in dw:chapterll we = conct:rne<I with. rMre ...... 1O be: two accounuof creation. Gen",is 1,12:41 and one bc-ginning wim Gen",i, 2:4b tha, .tartl with human creation and continues with an ICOOUnt of dw:f.ill. Aho. in the accouru of the flood. mere an: discrepanc:iea in the number of ani nuls alen into the arlc one account ....... to erwiu.ge pai .... whik the her ... visages rwo grotlf" of anima!o. mo .. rirually clean and mox ritually undun, the former being p<atTVed in group" of .. ,rn . .. -hile the Lartt re pl"l:SCl"YU! in pai ... (cf. Gen 6:18-22 with Gen 7,15). The difference in the ,,a) God i. referf"td. to :appears in our chapters in mat in Genesi, 1,1 2,41. ;,132.6:922.7:610.8:119 and 9:117 God is rel1:rn:d to as God (Hdlttw 't/<iJli"': Gttd, IM<>.rJ. ElKwht:tt God is rekrred to by l1Iing theucred Tem.gn.mmaton. YHWH (tn.lUlated into Gttd: u kyriM. "Lord: a praaice p ..... rvd in English u.nal.atioru until recently and written in capnals. LOaD, u in the RSV [Ut). the divine name-on!)' pronounced by the priest in mt ttmpk litu'iJ ( 1.1 I result _do not kncnohow" is pronounad and can only gueu). Following uptheat;duel.KhoI anhavedininguishedse"eraldiffertntlourcesforthePentaleuch. often refe ... d tobJ' initials J (the Yahwist. or Jahwi$t. source. whe'" God is called from mc beginning hr the divine name YHWH). E (the Elohist SOW th.ar call5 God D (the source. connected with the ",form jl1l1 prior to me ""ile) and P {me PriudJ' sour. much concerned wim liturgical and kgaI matten). For Genesis 111 theptincipalJOUrCUa!kgtd=J and P (,,-him adopts the Elo- h"'practiceofn:ft.rrinStoGodaseliHIi"'priortohi,revdationroMo"'inEKodw;3:1}.ISj . The Fathen knew naming of ail mis. mnugh thO! wett awan: of the diff.,.elKCJ that have L.d to Ih. pootulanonofthueooun:: ..... Suchdifi'en.n.ce:o they tendtd to 1n'erpret in cemu.ofthe ped.agogi. [NTIOODUCT'OH TOCltPIU'$ "11 caJ purpoK of the who i. I(llinga 1I0ry on diffi:um ievels (in this th(y mighllK claimed m haw anoopaled some of the rn<>K nomt Wbions in Ole! Tc:stamlt1lt .mobrship). For them th( ramr "'as Mott:$. This conviction me "'IrIr Ch.urianJ wim me j!:ws, bUI rn( thrological importan ofGrnuis, 10 which W( . haIlshortly tum. and espially iu acCOunt of creation, led 10 a in cM Chrislun pption of the lignilicanu of the figurtof MO$($.as wilh duI of ""J<w>. For the Jews, Mo.ca was the greal legislalor, the onc wOO had received the law On Mt. Sinai; the W&J /Or them the Torah. CiuUmn inrCfCSr in the law had been deflected by the unrra) "gnifianc<: cM)' atud.ed m Chns< and 10 faim in him. MO$($ U lIiIl cM laws"'., the 0 .... who rtivtd the law on Sinai. bUI u aut!mr of thc book of Genuil,he i. the onc whovvean acoo unrof crearinn,onewhooouldcon,cmplatcandaccurarcl),dc:scribcthccn:a.cdordcr:uGodin<end.edit.
the tatonlion of the 00$",0$ in him, according 10 the Fathel$. Conn(jucnd), Moac:s wu as much a prophctualawgivcrandumucbpriudforhi.insigbtinmcrealionasforhisauthoritYaJrecciver of cM la ... . T heological'-... u
Jis.. 1be panem du, il p ...... id .. of creation and fall i. not """.ming thal the JcWl detCC1ed in it, fur rhem Ihe ran "'as not and Ui nor a ca,ady,mic event in the hinory oI'humanlcind; it Ui bur onc of nun)' uampLcs ofhurnan failure: m live within the COV(nanL. Wh)' do the un)' ch:rp,tn of<XncsUi USumc I Uch lignifi.can fur palmnc and mOSl laler Christian theologr. AJ., ... Gnd ChriJt One reason i, Paul', understanding of)csus ... Ih. Second Adom. "As in Adam all die, 10 also in Chrisl shall all be made alivc"O Cor 15:22); "i' is wrim:n.'The firs, man Adam beamt a HYing being'; the!.ul Adom became, Iat1;iving spirit. ... The fim man was tTom the earth,a man of dwt; the second man is from heaven." .JUS! U we have borne the imagt of Ih. man of dust, we also beat theinagt of the man ofhc.avcn" (1 Cor 1$:45,41,49). If thesigniliancc of Chrw is Iwnmcd up through ,..cb connul between him and Adom, then the lCCount of Adom himself USumes auhetypal 5igniliance for understanding the fallen human conditIon. TJPGIoo. 1be tragic parallelilm of Adom and. Chrill bcc;lm( a key 10 undastanding Chri,t', Jig. nifican: Adam. disobcdicnc. is ma.chcd by Christ'. obcdicncc. the tree of the of good and.,.;! is matdled b)' ,ht [,/wood oftht cm .. (upiaU)' when the same word, "y/om '" Greek. lig>'u", in Lann. mUnS both ""ttc" and "wood"), E .... is matdl.d Mary (woo lruly becomes "mother of the living" [cf. Gm 3:20), .....nile Eve had become rather thc mother of tb.I;"',ng dead). We Cln KC in thi. a principle of ocriprural interpretation, para.lldmS m( fo""alion of the Bible ... consisting of Old and Ne,,' Tuumcn: , Lt IS commonl)' called typology, Ihough this modem term uifiu something that was for the Fathers more a habit of thought than a method or doctrine, The Fathen called it, in the East most commonl)', 'Mor;", contemplacion. looking mort dply into the mcaningofScriprure. while the Lacin fawn came m we the term for the metoria)
This practice of making the ten of Scripturt shine like a beam of light. as it Wert, through the prism offaith in Chri.t. in whom Adam'Slin and ours u. anccled and in whom the hopes of Isrul and the whole ofhumankind havc Men fuJfilled. is perhaps. m begin with, the stl11ng"'t thing about the Fathers' appro;!ch m Scripture. Another way of putting it. drawing on some remark. by the French Catholic poet and diplomat Paul ClaudeL i. m 11 the SCriptu .... not as an arsenal of argu' ments with which to attaCk Orw: another (as Catholics and Prot .. tants have been doing for years) but as a treasury of the manifold rich .. of God', grace. a of symbols (for no human words can capture the richt.S ofGod'sgracc) thufind their proper orientarion in the magneti c field of the rule of bith (an ancient exprCMion for what is nowadays . ummed up in the or symbol of faith). n.. me of such m express what is involved in scriptural interprttation points uS in the righ,dirtction to begin to grasp the appro.:lm of the Fathers, which i. less scientifi.c than poeti c and often finds its fullt.St expression in the liturgical hymns ofw church. woven OUl of the imagery C"'41i,,". The Fathers' SCnSC of the fundamental place of crution in Chri5[ian doctrine was a con sciowly maintained theological premise. Athana5im. at the beginning ofhis tua,ise On d,e In'''''''' _ """' asserts: "Bm as _ proceed in our exposition of this [me incamarion of w Woed]. _ mu.t firs, speak aboUl the crtalion of me univcne and its creator, God, SO that in this war wc mar con- sider as fitring that its renewal was effected by the Woed who c ..... ted it in the beginning .... It,sonlyagainstthebackgroundofaproperundentandingofmedoctfineofcrcatiorl thatwe are abl e to grasp .he significance of the iru::amation of Word. \Vhar creation muns. as Atllan .. iw goes on to make clur. is mat me universe has been created Out of nothing br the \\ioed of God. h follows from this thar the universe is good, that the reason for its present lamentable sra,c is not tt> be sought in the Creator but in fact mat me crea,ed sta,. is thar of a ... tional Ming "" that .0 Create a of containing the highestfonn of goodness ".", to create a uni-
Mings to remain faimful to the good. That failure le<! 10 a univene characterized by corruption and duth, The fall was not. howe .. et, of the for God the Word. who had "u,ed the universe. came m live as. human Ming, among fallen humar. i>eings. and merebr to encounter ,he powen of corruption and death. unleashed in the cosmo. b)' the human '0 cleave to me good, to conquer them in his dum and thereby to reveal the power oflife in theresurna;on andd",w humankind inro hi, dn,;nc li k, whue they will be S\Ire in the good. lM whok picture is of an an: of the: d",ine putpOK fWSing from craoon rolKifiation ( 10 use the: tndirional.erm in Greckpatriltiarnrthe:finalgl<>rific,"ion of cram"" induding humankind), traruccnding rh. lcucr arc ncuil.:lled by human frail.,. pUlling &om foil to redemption. Seen in this con.exl, the incarruotion is of more than merely b u ~ &ignifi- cana: but involYcs the whole toImic ord.er. Hu,""niry in If.>. i""'g< ofGooi. The co.o mic dimension of cre"ionincarnalion.deifica.ion does not supplant the: human lignifiance of thc: d"""" of oution;tnd redemption. In (Kt, nther the oppo. si ..... for the human .u.:ifhao a toInUc role acoon:Iing 10 the Grttk I1othcn. Thos is cxpruscd. partly m the docrrin.of the human u a microcosm.a"linlccosmo.o;;n which the grcucr cosm<>.l i, .. el1ected, a doctrine thar the Famers found in u... daukal philosophtn. notabl) Pla.o. There is a tcrKkncy in !he Fathers m tad !heOUOOfl r>arr.ltM:ofGencWIn terlNofmetolmoiogKal mythofPlaw. T, ........ ' and vi VerA. As m'CT0C05m, me h u ~ bemg i. scen u integral 10 me co.mac, U me -bond (IyIIdcJ1PlOs) of the cOlm",." For mil 1Uo"'n. the f:ill ofhumankind hu cosmic co....,quencu: it is noeJIUt humankind mat Iw bccnsubjcaed toconuptionand tic.am btu the wholccosouc ord .... (d". Rom 8:20-23). BUI .he u1rimale iU!cificarion rnr the high doctrine of me ~ m i c role of humankind hu in me doctnM.llSeTd in Genesis 1:26,th..t human beings wct"Coutcd-m the 'mage ancIlikcncuof God.-lM doctrine of human bemgs u bearing the dJvtnc image 11 nol a donnn. thal recurs much in Ihe Old Tutamenl; outside Genesis th.n: an: occu,on.al echoes, no morc (e.g.. P. 8:6. W;' 2:23). Nor .. it very promment in the Nc ... T ... tam<n'. Bu. 10 the Fathen" .. cenrral: u Pere ThCamcloc on remalked. "Th .. theme of the image ... in the theology of the Fmers, above all the Greek fatheri,cemral:inthltdoctrine.hcreconvergea,oncetheirchrulolograndtheologyof thc Trin;.", theiranthropologr and psycholog)'. their thcoIog)' ofClUotion and th..t ofgnrc. the probIcmof n.>o;ure andofthc.u!"'rruoo;ural. !he mys.Cf)' of deificaonn. me meoiogr of the 'l'lritu.1l likanclthe: 1a .... ,ofiu de'e!0?1nemandofiuprogreS$."" It .. ccntn!. onc might argue. because the donrin. of <he image ctubIed thc: Farhcn.o m.erpm the ruching they rnund in the Bible in c.a.cgnrit$ of though, thll thc) .. u GrttIu.. own} m large pan to their educ.orion. rooted u il wH in class,,,! philolOph). eSf'<'C,.o.Ilr , ha< of Plato. This Can be illu. trated in.wo waY" Finr. ;fbeing-in the un.age- i<kntified whot it ""as 10 h< human. then thu would suggest th.u .0 be in the image ,,'U 10 h< r.l.tionai. the Grttk for which IS /ogitm. God ou.cd through his word ("He,pokc .. and il"'u so"),thal Li,throUgh hll LogIII,the Logo, lhat ,as John telll us. wu in the beginning." wu with God and .. u God" (}n 1:1). This sUy<$u d":!",r mearungofh<ing .... "on.al. /orii:os: roh< /oriJ:DJ isropartlC1pat.m!hel...oos.that .... opa.r .. ctpa.telr. the One who was inalmate as Christ (cf.Jn 1:14). The language of Genesis 1:l6 fits in weU with this, for it 5tates that human beings wen cre .... :d accnrding 10 Ihe image of God, I:a!' tiJ:Qnn ,ou tlu"".ln other W<>t"d$, there is an image of God. in accordance with which human being.< are fashiolled, and that image is the Logm (cf. 2 Cor 4:4, which speaks of'Christ, who is the image of God: cf.l Cor 11:7; Col 1:15). And thal i ....... ge i. ilio Ihat imo which wc arc transformed. or transfigured. bl' our resporuc to the grace of God (cf. 2 Cor 3:18, where we 2U uid '0 be ' changed inlO the wrtc image from glory to glory: and Rom 8:29. where wc are desrined to be'conformed to the i ....... ge of hi. Son'). The no,ion then of being fashioned in the image dcepeM the norion of wha. i[ is [0 be human. I. mnesrarionalil}' apan:icip.1.rion in the creatiyc Logos of God and linb the origin.o.l human State of being in the image of God with our fin.:tI s","e.[ransfigurcd by the glory of God imo[he irrulgc ofhi, Son. Bcingka,' cikona (which in loter Chrisrian Guck becomes. noun phrase, 10 !:at' cikona, 'the state of being in me image') is then fundamental to undct'standing wha. it i, to be human and what " .. to be rutoud to communion with God. Thi. dynamic OCfISC of. movement in which the fundamental cruted potentiali'}' of human be,ngs i,reycaled is linked bymo.lt oftheGrcek famers to the other word u&cd in Gen .. is 1:l6, which5OY' that humans were nude in God's i""'f" ~ n d liltm ... , kat" cii:Dna ... kai ... homo"",;". For the Gred: word homoi;,sis ,uggestsa process ramCT than tate {the .ute of likeness wouIdbc homo;QmiJ Or /wmoit)lts): i. was the word used by Plato to denote"likening to God" O'":a.<.<imil.alion 10 God" (homoio"" hco), which was for him the goal of philosoph) ... be remark.< in a phrase much qUOled by the Fathers (ThtoWtt< 176h). Hwnan being.< are Cruled in the im<lge of God and, finally transfiguredby thegloryofGod.wiUdisplayGod'.liken .... The whole process of responding to the p c of God bl' prayer and :l demanding life of love bring.<:aOOut an .... imilation lO God in which humans find their crea.ed fulfiUment': this :a.<.<imila- lion lOGodisilioeall.dthdnis {deific.o.ion. becoming God). But thi. dcification iSpo5$i bleonl)'in and through Ch';$! the incarnate Word, for humans poucss only the p<>Ien.ialil} for deification. bee ..... th.y are created in accordance with Christ. who is the inuge of God. E ~ . n in thi.<brief skeh, onc <.011 <et h ...... the notion of the imag<' of God i, an architcctonicterm In me theology of the Fathers.onc in which all the dimensions of their theology converge:. This real ,u,.ion perhaps found nowherc.uch dur ."Pu.ssion as inJohn of Damascus. the PaI .. rinian monk who oppo$CCI the destruction of images (iconoclasm) by the Br..antinr emperor Leo at Ihe begin- ningof theei!!hthcenrurrlnhi.<dcferu.cofth.divinei ....... g<:$, h.bc:ginshisa..gumentbyshowing ;'0\\' thr nOlion of the imago: i. a central analogical term in Christian theology, so that disruf>C<T fOl I;,raTliSlic image, such as the icol'>OCias..emperordisplayed,thrcatened to tearapal"t th .whol.fab ric ofOrthodox theology {Stt 0. IhrD;., ",I""'gtI 1.9-13;3.1623). The foil ~ " d ong;""II'''. Genesis 3 beam. for Chri"ian theologians an .rplalUrion of why Ihe erc ated order. fashioned by Godu"uettdingly good,",' fuJI of evil and wickedness. AI wc havc alrady rnn.ukrd. the fundamental ';gni6eana Ken in the aaowt. of hwnnUty', 61'S'! dUobtdienct iI I\Ol ",meth,ng Ouurians inheri.ed fromjewU.h ofGroeai' but has much .0 do wirh the way in which .he IIOr)' of Adam is SUn to mi rror in revcn.c: .he story ofChr i!! the Second Adam. By his disobcdiet>. Adam destroyed thc rmrioruhip that God had establishe<l with him. no. just fOr himscJfbut fOr hu dcKltIl<Untl: they a", born into a "",,"d alienated from God, Ex:actlr ho,,' Adam cam. 10 diJObey God is ",m.thing which the Fathers ponde",d. and they ca"", Ilf' with difi"crent ooJ.urionl. u will be discover"'! in thc p"-.rl$tic comrmn<aT)' thal follows. Pride in m.. sensc oi...mngone. odfllf'agairu. God and igr-inghil will. giv1ng ,n m m.. allun: men. of the lCnKII.ndooJ.idarity on Adam. pan with hi. misguided wife an: all ;nrerpn:urioru lug_ gesrcd b)' the Fath ..... Ther alJO makr much of the <!ea" of the ... rpcnt. whom they f!C'neraliy identif} with SaClfl ...no had been ettated 11 the STUteS' of the a ... f!C'u but fell, eIther because of pride that would not pcnnit God 10 detcrmi ... e his moral world or mon: commonly beca"", of en")' (cf. Wu 2:2324). envy of the human being whom God had m.a<le. microcosm and bond of the cos Thi. coamic role that the human ""ing WII =rl1O fuJ6J] i, invoked by the Gr.d; fathers to explain the fan that Adams.in aJltcd not just himM:lf but also hi. daccnd..anu. A. Athal'lasius pl" it. and foUowing him mou of m.. Greek fathers. u. resuI. of Adam,lin. conuplion and death haye been unleashe<l into the world, The rcIIon why rtpcntana on Adam. pan could not unclothe effeCtlofthefallilthatthec",atedorderil;nruinsuan:.u1.ofAd..am'.';n.andthi.ruino"",,,alCis rn:IJ\'fcstincorruprionandde.aththatSttmto"alkthroughthecoan>Ollikeayengingangt:u (Stto" Thi. c ... m;' und.rltanding of the effects of the fall. char:ac.erist;' of the Gredo: fathers. is in wme Cont.U! ro Augwlinc'. idn of m. fall and originaI';n (an idea alrudy developed by me unktt.own Luin fathe.c.illed Ambrosiu.er. hotausc hu works an: prucrvcd;unong the writiogs of Ambrooc). that evennuJJr came to be dominant in the WeI., Augwtine saw Adam', pcr",nal sin and guil' ... inherited 1' his ciandan ... 1O dUI they an: guilt)' of original';n and jusdy suffi:t IU consequences, hotausc mC}' all .inned in Ad..am ( ..... ich he found affirmed on Rom S:12,accordml: to hu ,n.e<prCU ,ion of the rradirional Latin ve"ion). The term <>rigi"Q] lin i. not found in the Greek fathe .. , who in con,,u pcU of the rathcr different concept ofancutral.in (prop..,criU Ioamarfi,,). Tht .... <1,0"1.1 t/Gnwu Jar w 1iItM.. After the fim thrtt m:ap<ers ofG ...... ; . tht ... am of p;lmsticcom"",nt becomu much rhinoe . Th. account or me Aood i. paid ",me anen.io ... and seen as a prcfigunti01l of Christian baptism (cf. 1 Per3:2021 ).ButtherCi:ofthtKCoumoftneo.",,] or- mm, ofhuman OO(I(ty, the leCming p;lralld growth ofhuman Ikills and cnfu and human wICked ness. aftr:lCt$ httlf COmmm:. Nonetheless these chapters proyidfd preronccptiOnl rhat affect pa,ri"ic though. in , ubliminal \OIaVS. The ambi.&lence of might in the battl.of.he gian .. in Gm"",. ua nug!ttyhuntcr ag:unlt me Lord. is an example. Mon: obvious and Itrilcing iI me way in whlch rh< KmUnt of me origin ofm( dififft:n, human languagu in m. srory ofdK rowcrafBabd (or a.bylon. or"conN-
another, in cantrast to Our modem inclination, me product ofRom.o.nticism, to tee me multitude of as wimeu to the untold ofhullW\ uperience. Th. Fath ... read me fin. cftap<trI of the Bible as unfolding a thcoIogic.aI und(nt.anding of the human condinon.. TIw: ;U,ow inunded 10 help tht rt.adI:r 10 pro'" from wet. an '" what much modn-n Kholanhip rtprds"" aDOI'n. Itgencb oflimit:ed thcoIog>aI ,<IIuc. In tht thcologial ma, tht Fatht .. brought '0 tht ScriptulU. men and WOmen tod:lr will find accus la Ihe depms af a meological traditian that stiD has much ,a say to ,h.m-IhiJ iI .h. foundation On which .h. Ancient Christian Commentary on S<:tipntU h", been conctivee. " The IJ'Id.work for mil anthology of from the Famen was done bJ' Dr. Marm Coon. though me final is the lUulr of our coIlabonriv<: dfon. The Introduction is minc.ln the pas. ",""l.mee,. nuntber of alreadyu,"en. tnmJations boten UKd. oftcn modified In the mtcr iWI of accuI"Vr or clantr- No ancmpt has been .. howev.r. to intrnduc<: mdW:;Ye language: ,hi, would h."" been an .. 1.00"',( ruk, .ince 10 mum of Gcncs;s 1-\\ concCmJ the human condirion. and in steking a "anct)' of ""'tegie.! '0 avoid wing the term ""'" wt would have run the nsk afobs.curingthc Fathcn'thought.Thc ... dtrlhould bear in mind that inthc original languages used by the Fathen the noun translated "man" (in Grttk (J/UMDpoS. in Lantlllonoo) .mbnccobothm.alcandf..mak. Un,"",'tyofDu.+wn Durham, U.K. ''Gttw.oI _,-'n..._oltIM...a:::s .... .... _olG<oooo.'''. _..Jf.oo1J_n.O"O'O"Gnoo_ .... ." .... I&t.F..Sorap!uon"-""" ................. ."PIoiU"'..loh_ (1'IanMa. CoW".S..H.nmonolAloooioo--.lOOOl .... ..- .... .-M ............ _--'''''..-ooIoc.-and.-.,...- olC-- ....,. ... ,........ ... tIM ........ Iobon. 01 F.. "-..... _ .... tIba .......... odIyt.....6 ..... "' ..... ""'_'- oI.o<t.d .... ocIo<.... .. ""'"--_ .... .. __ .... ..... _F.. __ GENESIS 1 -11 1:1 T H E BEGINNING OF CREATION Ov .. ,v w, God e .... ul heav"n and UTlh h..,,,ghtl .. .h. WOTd' (AOOUST' .... ). God mad. h .. ven .ndurthinlh.beginn,ng.notinlhcbc:gin ningof time bUIin Chrill {O .. lGaN.CHaYsoJI . yo,.. AoousT'Na}. Godcrcl",dheavenond unh.lh i . h.monerof.hehuvcn nd th.m.nerof.h.urth. whichcame.obc f.om IIOIhing ( Su, .. OF EMuA). Th. bi h oflhc wo,ld ,,a' p .. ,.d.d by 0 con dilionof,hing,.uitabl.forth.cxerci of upcma,u"']po ... en. Thcm .. ningof cr ... ion " k.no ... n from d""ne r.vcl .. ;on {BAS' L). To Mo .... God. r<v.l .. ionof,h.beginning' ,,'.' made . de'lu ... I) k.nown ndhi' aoun'il lo bcfuUy "ul tcd(CHaTsosTOM). u r,h" ..... h.e,.ng<[,njohn.loo .. y. inth. bcg'nni ngofhll GOIpcl : lnlhcbegllln'ng ....... Ih.Word. andth.Word ..... wilh GocI . nd .he Word .... s God. The um. " ' U ,n Ih. bcginn, ng ... "h GocI. All.h,ng,w .. e m.d. by h, m. and ... "hou,h,m no,hlllgw,,, m"';c:' HO"'L'.'O .. THS S.G'HHI/.ohTH,WO .... 0 8lG'H" ScriplU'. i.nol . pcak>nghcreofany temporal beginning. bu,,,uYI .har.he hcav.nl and,h canh.nd .ll.h>ngs ,ha .... cremad . ...... mad. "'n.h. b'g,nn,ng: ,hal,""n,hcS.",ot. HO"'L'UONGINUIS,., .' .. ND E .. IlTH A .. . THE FO ... OLISS MATTK .. OF T" H UN,v ... n. Aum'ST'N" 1:1 In d,. B.,i .. ",,,, Go.! Cruled the SCT1p"". call td heaven and earth .h .. form. Henell. G"d E tb I m ..... of Ihe un;v. rs<:, whIch ..... chonged,n.oformed.ndbuu.iful n .. u,u bl' Huv .. , AN" E .... TH w .... CI ... T." God', 'neffoblecommand .... Tb .. THIOtlGH THS \\"OID. \\''h" " .n( and u"b .... b,eh "' ... rnnfuu'; and up. h,s ,nn,ng or all .hing' Our Lord and ... ere au",d.o ' '''t,v. form. from God rh .. ,. Sav,orof all ."' Je.usChri,,,h.fi rs.botnor In.hi, bcgmning,.h . h .. ' . ,n b .. Word. "God made huv.n and ',T ... ,nl. 'Coil'"' 1"",), 'Fe?",,. maker. 0 .. THB L'TlR.U OF G"NES' S;.,O.' GOt> T H B A .. t> T H E oF Huv""'SA .. n EARTH.Bu' "THB GnAT: [The Maniduun. a .. ut .ha. ) th. formoftheworldi.du.tothewi.domofthe . uprem. Art ificer; man.r c.me.o the Cre atorfrom without; and thu. , h. world ... ul .. f.oma double origin. It h .... c.ived from ouuid. in m .,u and ill .... ncc and from God in fcrm and figu.e. Th.) thus ,cm. to d. ny that th mighty God ha. p.u ided otthe fcrmationofth. univ ..... ndprct.nd that h.h .. cniyb.ough,.crowningconltibution '0 a CCmmon work. rha, he h only con"ib u .. dsom m.11 po"ion to the g.neli. of b.ing . Th.) ... incapabl.from'hed.b ... - mentof,h.irreucningc(ui , ing , htir glance. to th. h.ight of truth. H.re belo'" aru .... ub"'1u.nttom .. rer-introduced ,ntolif.bj ,heindisp.n bl.ncedof,h.m. Wcol .. i ... d before weaving mad. itlupply cneofnatu impe,fe"ion . Wood .. i ... d b.fo .. c p.nt .. tr.nsform.dit.achd.yto.upplyn.wwanu and mad. u .... all th dvanrag .. d.riv.d from it. giving th. oar to th. uilot. the win nowingfan to ,h. laborer.the lanc. '0 th. $oldi ... But God. befo .. all ,he .. ,hing.that now.""ct our nc,ice ui.ted fte, caSting .bon,inhi.mind.ndde .. rminingtobring in'o being ,ime which had no b.ing. imas in.d the wc.ld . uch .. i,cught to b nd cr. ... d matter in harmony with th. form that h.wi.h.dtogivei'.H .... ign.dtoth. h.av . n.thtn.tu .. adaptedforth.heav.n,.nd pv."'th arth.n .... ncein.ac,dance "irhi"form.H.form.d . sh, ,,i.h.d.fi ... a .. . nd ... ... r . ndg.v.toeachth ..... nce ,i""h.o;'jec,ofiuui ... nce re'luir.d Finally,h.w.ld.dallth.div .... parucfth. univnse by li nk. ofindi oluble attachm.n. andest.blish.db.twccnth.m.opcrf.". f.llow.hip and harmcny.har ,he mo .. dis t.n'.in . pi .. of,heirdi .. ance . pp .... d unitcd in one unive .. al Iympathy. Lct.ho .. menth .. dc .. renounc. ,h.irf.bulousimag_ inuion ...... ho.in . pitcofthew.akn of th.ir.rgum.nr.pr ... ndtom u ... power incompreh.n.ibl.tomans .. aoon .. i,i. unutter.bl.b) m.n. voic . Godc ..... dth. heav.n. and theearrh. bu. no. onl)' half- h. cre",edall.he h .. vens and all the .,h.cre . atingth.es .. ncewithth.form.HIl;u., M" .. ON GOO C".ATln TH,,...GS OuT Of NOTH,,...G. NBMHStUSOFEMESA:Ev.nifirisgr.n .. d . ha. the God ofall.hi ngl followed an order [inth." tionJ. hei howntob.God.nd Creatorandtoh. v.brough,allthing,in.o bcingou, of nothing. ON THiI NATUU Of MA .. TH. THil I.h u H 0. TKEWORLO.BAS'LTHiGRIlAt:lr ' ppears, indced,that.v.n bcfore.hi,world.norderof thing.exi ... d ofwhich our mind c.n form an id bu.of whichw.canu)"no,hing.btcausr i. i,tcolofr)" a'llbject for men who are but beginne .. and ... "illbab inknowl.dge The birth of the world wuprcced.d by. con- .. or . upern.tu .. 1 pow .... outltripping th. hmiu oftim tern.l.ndinfinit . Th.C .... or.nd D.miutg.ofth. uni v .... pcrf.c .. d hi. work. in it.spiri.u.aJligiuforme "appin ... ofall ... ho 10 .... ,h. Lord. in .. U.ctual. nd ",vi.ibl< naru aUth.o.d.rlyar.ang.m.ntofpur. int.llig.nc whoanbeyondth.r.achofou. mind and of ...nom we canno. n.n diacover the name . They fill th. _"". of .hi. invi,i. ble world.uP.ul.u(huu,.-Forbyhimwer. Uthing.cr .. ,.dtha' .r.;nh .... n.nd . ha' ... . wh.th.r Ih.y .... thronuordomin' on.o.p.indpaliti orpow ..... or ... inuuo.ho.uof.ng.l.o.lh. digni .... of.rch.ng.b.To.hi.world.,lu. i. w ntce""<)' . o .dd.n .... wo.ld.bo.h. Khool.nd ... iningpbce ",h m. soul. of m.n.houldMuugh nd.hom.fo ..... ing. d .. ,in.d'0 b.bo.n and , .. dle.Tltu. """" ... d.of.n.ru ... n.logou. ,otharofthi. ",orldandth."nim.blndplanuwh,chliv on".th ucc .... ionoftim fo .. v.rpr ... ing onandpu.inglwayandn.v ltoppinginifl cou .... I. no"hi.lh.n .. ur.ofrim . wh ... .h. pu.;. no mo...,. the fu.u,. dou no. uil<. andth.p' ... n.to.capu .... fo M'ng .. cog. ",%.d!And.uchalloll.h.nl<ureof.h.,ru. ,ur.th"liv .. in.im._condemn.dlogro,,' or,ope.,.hwitho ... rulandwilhoutc.".in JI.bil"r. \1 il th ... forc fil that Ih. bod,u of animal. and pbnu.oblig.d '0 follow a 10rt of <urrcn, andcorri.dlwayby.hemo.ion tha, I .. dllh.m.obirthorlod",th . ho .. ldli in m.m'dllof, .. rro .. n.itnv ... hoKnat .. ...,i.in .ccord ... ith .... ing.lubj<=ct.och.ng . Tltw ,h.wti'.rwhowi'dy,.ll . ... of.h.bi"hof .h.un'vernoi<K. nO' f.il,op ... m.uwo .u at ,h. hud ofth. nar.ali.c."ln mc Mglnnlng Godcru d";rh.,i"o"y.in th.beg,nning of t im . if h. maku the world appear in Ih. beginning. it i. nOt proof . h.: ."binhh"pre .. d .tthatofaJloth .. thing' th"wcr.m.d . H.only ... llh .. ,ollu.th" ftcrth.invi.ibl ndint.ll.cru.lworld.th. vi.ibl.world . h.wo.ldofth n .... l>egan <t'.""'. EUGITlC HOOltLlU'.S.- C"",T' O" K"ow" R."'IILAT,ON. RAJ'LTH.G .... T:W .... propo.oing'ou.m. .. \lCI\I .. of.h" ... o.ld. nd 'Ocontcm plate rh .... hol. "nivcr no. from Ih. w".tom of.h .... orldbutfromwha'God .. ughlhi .. rvantwh.nhc.poh.oh.minpc.oonond witho".ri<ldl ... HEXAlO .oN 6.,. " To Mo, .. Wu R. ""'Llt. OTHII B.Gn''''NG. CH"vsoSToOl:No,ia.hi emark.bl.lu,hor. d ... lyMlov.d . ndrh'p " .. "I"rgifthch.d. lmCln.whil I1,heother uupir.dau,hon .old.ith ..... ha' ..... uldhoppen .. ft.r a long lim. Or what Wlf going 10 ,.1.. plac. 'mm.di atcl).rhilbl_d ... lhor ..... ingbo.nm.ny g.n.rallon.aftcrth. u.nt . wu gui.t.d by ,h. d'ltyOnhigh.ndJudg.dworthy.onarr ... what had bccn cr ,.d by the Lord of.ll from .hcve.ybcg,nning.Accordlnglyh.bc-g.n ..."h m word,,"ln ,h. Mg,n",ng God Cr<' at.dh .. v.n.nd ... th."Ht ... dln'Sh .... Uo .... at u lland r. . Js11 by human b.ing. !.m (lugh,inu"ering,hU'lhing,flt .. ,h.on. whobroughlMingfrom nothing who Itlrr.d mytongu.in n.rratinglhcm."Su"' .... ,h ... fo...,l ilt.n,olh ... wo,d,no .... heword. of Mo hutu.h.wo.d.ofth.God or.u Ihing.<omingto ... through.h ongucof M"' oIMgyou.l.IU. h .. d wh., .... ,d .. .tiltinguilhcdfromouro ... nreasonlng. HoOl
T.uSTGoo, a.. ........ T' ON TO Mosu. CH"Y ,OITOOI: L.c. u. accept what .. . ... d ", h much grnitud . no'ov ..... pping,hcprope.lomil no. bu.ying ouuclv ..... "h m." ... beyond .... TIt .. iJ the beu"'ng weakn ... of .ncm ... of 'C..t ",6, "NPNFa ,s.o..Ss. " FC _ l. "Fc7401H:',PG .= chccru,h,wilhinguthcydo,oal.lignncry manc.co chclTown",uoningandlackingchc . uh:a';onchacni.hcyondlhccapadlyof humannacurc.oplumbGod'.crc .. ion, HoM- 'uu 01< GINU'S a.s." HUV.I< .. NOE .... TH_CNU50STO .. :\\!hr I d .... "p.()(c.d,fi .. ,huv.nth<nucch!Th. ccmplc".roofmadchcfo",itspavcmcnc?God i. not.ubjKc '0 narurc.dcmands nor '0 ch. n>1 of chnique. God i. thcc,ea.o nd mUlerICchnkianofnaturc.and.rl.and .v.rylhingmad.ori magin.d.SB .... ONI.)." 1:2 THE FO RMLE SS EA RTH ' TIot t"'IIo "'''$ nd "nd darlcnru ..... , [11'.141'. OJl' l'" dftp;' "ndrbrSpiril' ojGlld ..... , ..... rtr$. ' -I..a __ ... --" .1..a_ .. -.o...I ..... 'ux..,.. 'I..a_(...,-) Ovn.v,g,,: Th arth .ha, God mad. "'u ,nvl. ibltand ... "hou,fo,mhcfor.God arrangedth.ro.ms ofallchinglbyordcring andd,,"ng .. ,.hingth. m (AOGlIST'I<.).Th. darkn .... ndth.d plignifrch.al.nc.of ,h. bodily hgh. rha, had '0 hc cr.atcd by God (AlIClIST,,,,I)."W ... r"i. anothcrd.fini ,ion ofth. formic ma".r.o bca .. ang.d by God (AuGUSTI",.).TncSpiri,movingovcr thcfactofrh.,,a .... foruhado .... b.p,i.m (JUON'). Th,Sp1.il,,,hich 11 compared loa mOlher b,.d (&"UM), ,""Id 10 hov ovc. rh .... a' .. to ",.ompli.h.h. "'u'" p"'polfof .h. Fath nd th. Son (EMlllM.A ... ""n). On,h.fi .. ,daythccru,;on,, .. lIillincom F"J< i.,.u cr .... d,.nd only .h.n ..... 1,2.110. Earl" W,," Wilholll Form nJ \ '"id T .. . E .... T .. W .. S Fo ...... ns M .. TT .... AUGUSn"'l:Th.carch,,uinyi.ibleand unorg.niud,and darknc .. "uov .. ,h. aby ... Formle .. ne ..... ugg.".dbyche word.,IOTha,,,,emigh,gn.$p,hemeaningb) d'g " . forWfcare"nabk.othinkcognlll y c1j" abo".anablol"lCp.wa,ionofformthatllill do nOI go u far ao norhing. From thll, anothcrYL.iblcandorg.nhcdhuvenand carch ... uCtOMmade.Col<puS' O"'"IS ' \Vu C" UT' Ol< CO .. PLBT. 01< Tt< . F'.'T B .. TH. SIl.d,. ch. pen.n condi'ion of ,h. ca"h con,i". in '"lIal< of abundan.c:th.buddingofall.oruofplanu, rh.p"ningforlhofTh. lonyrre borhfrul1 f"l.ndb .... n.lhefr hn .... nd fr.gra nceof noweu, and wha, ucr,hingl,pJ>Uud on .arth . li roebterby , hccomm.ndofGod ,o .dorn lhe;r mother.S,nceao yet th. r. wu nothingofthii,lhes.:ripture realonably .. e.Wemigh,uythe umc al ... about the hu ... n.; . ha, they were noryc,broughtloperfnoonthemuJ .... nor had they rec.ivd lhelr proper adornment , IIncc , h.y wcrenolyetl;ghledaro" ndbr lhe moon nor Ih lln. nOfcrown.d by th. choifl of.hellan.Forthuelh,ngoh.dnolyelb n made. Therefore you ... ilI nOt err from Ihe tru.hifyou ... ythatthe huveni al ... wn. ,ncomplete. Hlll ...... I O", :. ,.' C . ... TI NGP .. I C. OB' O.oa. ,NG, A .. .. on The good archi,ecr IaYI the fo " nda,ion fi ... and.f.crwan:l , when.hefounda.ionh" bun la,d.plou.hevaflOU'p .,. of . hebu;ld,ng, one aftef the oth.r. and ,hen add. to 11 th. o'n.ment .. ion .. s.:"plurepo ... ' " ourthar ,h,ngl werefi .. ,crca,ed . nd.ftcf,,'udpul,n ord.,leltirbcluppo"ed,hltlherwcrcnor a"u.II), crc .. cd and Ihar th. y had no begin n'ng,Ju .... if .he n .. u'eof ,hingsbadbcen. uil wtrC. gcnef .. edf.om.hcbcj!lnn,ngand d,dnolappearlobc ... mcthmgadd.dafte. .... rd.HBX .. R .. eao ... '.;.' GOD D"'IILT n .. SUP N"l L' Gon S.,o,u C .... TI ... G" D,.' IINT P .. TIIC .. lL, OHT. IIUOUJTINt: Andd knUI ... uovcrlhe abr ... Th. M. n;chaunl fi nd fa ,,11 ... ilh Ih" nd ). W .. Godth.n ... darkn . ... bcforch. mad. the ligh" Thcy th.moel .. cs are "uly In . h. darknc .. of 'gno .. ncc. and for.h .. rea ..... i"=J'do norundcrlundthehgh"n ... hlCh Go.d .. .. bcfor.h.m.dc lh,,/igh,.Fo. lher
the fluh.And therefore they wonluplh, ,"un ... and that thorci dirrercn, lightinwhichGo.d dweU . Two Bool(5 ON GaNlSl S AC;,,'NU TliEM"N'CH""'''Sl.j.6.' TH' D", IN.n .... 0 TH' D A TH' M I AIUNCI OF L, G" T. AUOUJT, ... a: Onc who diligently conliden whal darknu. 11 rcally find. on]y Ihe light. Thus 11 id,darkn ., w over thc .by.,; .. iflour. Ther. WaI no hgh' ov.r Ihe . b)'lO. Hence, this maller d'lll uord.red and d,mngullhed
and .. nf",m.dcarlh.nd.hcdecp ,ha,il lack ingligh . Thi.il whafw ... bovecollcdhc ... cn . ndcarth. lik h.,eedof he.ven.nd .... h. ON THR L'TR.,u INTE . .. UTATmN Of Gm ... . "54.11.' 1:2c TIo_ Spirit Mo.';"! 110. "j th.Wat.r. C .... T.O . T THIi S . .. IT. A ..... OSR: The Spiri,fimngly movcdovc. th ... nh.dcsrincd .obcar f .. ",bccaul cb)" hc.,doft h.Spi ... " hdd Ihe ICed. of nc,, b,.,h which wue'O gef' min .... ccordi ng.oth.wordl oflh.prophet : Sendforthlhy Spiril.ndthey . h.llbccr. u.d.nd.holl l h.1trcn ..... h. facr of .h. u.,h." Hu ,.. . .. nON ,.5: W .. T b BUlLT M""". L. M .. TTI . A .. (;UST' ... The mUter "fiut called by th. nam.of th.un;vc .... th., i of hca .. en.nd .. "h.rO'lh ... koof ,..hi'hit .. .. made from .bs.ol",c1r no,b,n,.Sccond.iu formlcuncu i, eonveycdby the mention of hcunformedcanhandrhelby ... becau .. Imong III ,he demenlt earth i, more formic .. and Icubrigh.thal1 the re. . Third. by the namc_ .... ,heTt I.$"gni6.dml.""th.t.,i. ubJCct to.h .... orlr.of,h. M .... e fo ...... et can be movcd "'''Tt euil)' Ih.n urth. And ,hu. "naccounroftheulincubywhichite.n bcwo,kedandmoyed.,hema"erlubject.o the Maker.houldbecllled wa.er rl<her than U .. h. O .. THBLJT ...... LI .. .. TAT'ONO' GI"""4,' j.' ASU'.OLo. S .... ns ... Juo .. s:!nth. bcg,nningofG.nCli . h i. writt.n:Andth. Spi,i,wa' llirring.bo.c .hewa.e .. :You lu. rhen. wha,i, ... y. ifllhc bcg,nningofGen il. Now for It, "'Y' lic.1 mun,ng- Thc 5pint .. ul."ringaboverhe".' . .. -.lrud)' 1t Ihlrtuncb.aptismwubcingfo, hadowcd.h withou. ,he 5pirit . HO."LIlS 10.'
5.' . ' T. E.M .... TMB Sn.'A>I: (The Holr Sp .... ] wlrm.d.hc "I.e .. w"h. k.ind of wital ,,arm.h v.nb,inging.h.m.olboil.h,ough m .. n .. h.l.ino,d.,.om ...... h.mf."il . Th.actionof.h.n;.,imilar.\t lilloniu Wmakingthcmfe"ilelhroughlhc ... armlh ofincub ion. H ... Ih.n.rh. Holr 5piru fo,ah.d ...... the .. cram. n, ofholy b.p,,"m. pr.figuring "" I .... iwal. 10 th th. ", n mad f ... i1.brrh.J.ov.ringofth .. ... m.dw,n. 5piritmigh.giv.birth.othcchildrcn of God.CO .. "' ... TAUO .. GIi .. iSlS,. '" T .. , 5.' '' ' T HOv .... I>. E ....... THI Su , ..... :!t w ... pprop,;at.'o.evu.lhc .. lh.,the Spi,ilh ....... d lnl>rdc,fo'Ultol ... nth.,th. workofcrca.ionwuh.ldineommonoy th( Spirit witbth.Fath(rlndlhe50n. Th( Fath(r 5poke. The Son crcatcd. And 51> i,w .. abo,igh.th.ttheSpiri.ofi .. " . work.clc lr shown ,htougio iu hovcring, in ordcr lod(m. onnrlt(iuunltywi,bth.othcrpcuonJ.. Tltu,wclurnrh.,aUw .. orough"opc,f.c. ,ion.ndlccl>mpli.h.dby.heT.ini,)'.COM' ..... T ..... O .. G ... I. " 'FC .... 1IJ.'FC ... 14.Tlot_fi..-........ ...... fibofoa-. UOO),) ll. "UOO),U). 1:3; CREATION OF THE LIGHT l And God "Le! tbne b. ligbt"; and thtrt ",as light. ' And God tb tb. light ,,'41 good; God !he ligh! Jrolll Iht darlr.nm. 'God caUed Iht [igh! Da,. and Ibt .:i,ritMuh.,al!cdNigb!. And !liert1&las tveningandlbere 1&I, . ... orning. onld" . Ov v, Bw,L."hcr.belogh, " wu'poken Indfahl). T1te light.h., God crea .. d i. ,he bodilylighr.AndGodsa,,lha:lh.ligh,"' .. good"ligni6corh.,God.pprov,..;nil work. not.ha.h.fo .. ndbeforehimagood.hath. had no. known (AUGUST'''' ). God i. ,h. aUlhoroflighl (A .. non). Ligh,iniup.i . mordtalfotmdidnorcom.ftomch un, which had no, y be.nc ..... d (EPHU"). GodcaUcd,hcligh,day,and ,hcd.arkncu h. called n'gh,-mcanl ,ha, God mad. a dis';nc ,ion bet .... n Iigh. and dackn ... (S .. sn. EPHIUIII.AUGulT,,...).The fi ... da)'and nigh, ..... no. rul.d ye,byaobrmotron (B,u'L). Theconccp,of l-day"il no.,ob.allegoria.d (EPHIUIII ). Th.'nvi.ihl.lpiri.ual ..... ,ldilcr. a .. dbefor h'phy"icaJ ... orld (A ... ROSa. .. , ). C ... ';onout o(no'hingi.di .. in. g .. ish.dfcomth ..... hichilc' u dou.of wha,ulI d b.fore (EPHIUIII ). l:3 Ltt T1:mrBr Lifbt THI AUTHOJ; 0' L' GHT.A". lI.oSl:God i. h ulhor o(ligh., and th. pl.ac. andcauoe of darkn ... i h.wo,ld.SII,th'goodAu.hor utlcred ,h. word lip, loo th h. might .. thcwo.ld by infuliog hngh.ncu ,h .. cin and .htU m.kci .... p ' buu.ifuI.S ... dd.n1r,h.n, th. air bccam. bright and d.arknulmrank in fC,rorftomthcbril\ianccofth.noYclbrigh, n.II.Hn .. u,uoN,.g.' IN ...... LIlCo ...... ought tound ..... nd th.t Goddid not oay"Lct th .. cb.ligh."byaloundbcoughtforlhfrom th. lungl or bj,hc .onguc and I .. th. Such thoughta ... ,hooeofp.rton.phy,icallyprc occup,.d.Tobcwiocin.ccord w ithth.f1 ..... IId. llh.-Lclth ... bchght- wa"pokcn,nef- fabl). O ... THILrn ...... .. OF .. U1S;.>g.'
AUGUST .... , AI Ih ... ordllh.mselyu ...... k. l uffici.ntly clut, w.a .. 'old ,h.t th"light was m.d . Thcligh.bo", from God i, on hing;chcligh hat God made .. ano.h . Th. ligh' born f,om God i. the Wlldom of God.bu h.ligh.madcbyGodiloomethmg mu.abl . whcthc orpnrulorinco.porcal ON THI Of "Isao.' THE L' OHT DIU NOT CO",. PlO", TU,SUN. EPHU ... TH.Sn ... ":n..hght ...... rcl .... d lo.har11 migh'"preadov.,.verylh,ng"'IIh_ ou, beingfutcn.d down. It di'perHd th.
did nOt mOv'. It wa.only wh.n (th. )ight ] wen wh.n it cam. that it moved. forwh.n (.h.light] went ... .yth.rul.,,u giv.ntothcnigh,.and.,[th.ligh,'. ) commg th ... wouldbean.nd,o !,h"night',]rol . M.ct,h.cbrigh.n ... [of th.ligh. ] rcnde .. dll u,vk.fo"hruday ... ,hc l unw .. inth. firmam.n, in o,d.,.o ripen whucvcr had .ptou d "nd., ,h 6'11 liGh,.Co ..... Nnu 0"GIl .. IlS,s, .8.);g.;.' 1 ,4 TIt. Ligl!! Wa. Good S .......... T' o" o.L, .. HT P.O .. O ... O:I'I.U. S .. S'LTHEG.uT:Ev.ninj;,thcn.i.acom monboundary lin. of d.)" Ind nigh" and ,im, larlymorninj;i h.partofnigh,bord<r"'gon day. In ordcr. ,hereforc . o g"'" ,h< p,cr"g" ,iv.ofp,iorg.n ... ,ion,olh.dl)".Mou. mentioncdfi .. "hclimi,of,h.da) .nd ,h.n thar of ,h. nigh . a. nigh, followed ,h.dar. Thc.onditr"nin,h<worldbefor.th.c ... .,on ofligh:w .. notn,gntbutdarkneu.Tha: GU .. HIO THH Ll CHT .... OE BY Goo. 'FCM,UI. 'FCtlar which wa) day was nigh,. Hu ....... o .. ".8.' GOD .. HIS Wo .. ,. AUGUS'-.M.: . hould "nd .. ,.ana .h., docs nOt "gnifr joy;u ifovcr.n "n ... ... ha.".a,d mon fittingly ofGod-,nsofa." It Can b< humanlruid_thanwhcnScrip,,,,,pu,"it .hilwt:h',pokc: and "wu mad.:it plu..,d h,m: ThuI...., und.round in'he lpolt.h ......... .. 'gn.y.'n"wumad.hll powandin,tpluudhimh"goodnu . Thcl"incff"able thingl had to be uid in thi. wayh)'am.n.orn.n ..... h hcymigh.p .... fi. alL.O .. .. T ..... IT .. TtoNO.
AUGUST'NI:God",,,h.,.h.ligh.w .. good: and thclc worda do nO. rnun dtu God foundb<for.lltmagood.ha.h.hldnot h ..... fini,h.d. Two Soou 0 .. G'MU,. AG .. 'NSTTHI M .. NICH ...... N.'.8.').' T" .OIlI G . .... LGOO ... ...... THI F ..... L GLOaT o. GOOD .. .... A .... ou: God, at Judgcofth .... hol.wo.k,fo.u.ccing wha.1I go'ng.oh.ppcnu .... m.th,ngcompL d, cornrn.nd h.p."ofhi. workwhichi .,m ,ni .. ini,ialll.gu.hcingal.udycogni:an.of ttl m,natton. HU"'''UOM ".S" 1:5a D", ... J Ni,hr D,n' '' CTlo" 81,.",u .. L,G .. T .... 0 O .. N .... AuGUITI .. light.nd the darknu . and God call.d.h. ligh,day.nd hCIIl.d th.d kn s night : h d,dno,sarhc "Godmadrtheda.kn.u.: b<c,uICdlrkneu.tlm cLr rhcabunccof Iight . y., Godm.deadiv;.ionbefwe.nligh. .... undhycry. ,ng Wt, and m.h,. by nO, making I lOund,b<Clu,,"ilencciJ th. ccuation of lOund.S';LLinlom cn .. betw .. n .... .... undlnddt.othu liJ"nc ......
,,ullidin.h cnlO,h h.mldc.h.m.ob. caUcd,becaUlch."para<cdlndord cdaU ,h,ngs ... dtatdt.y.ouldb<di.unguioh.dand ce,v. nam ... Two Soou 0 .. GINUIS AG .. 'MSTTHHM .. NtCHAH .... .. 1:5b n.. Da, NOT RULID I Y SOU t Mon o N. 6 .. THI Now, af ... ,he .re .. ion of rhe.un,i.i,d.ywhcndtc." .. iLlumin ... d
th" .. "h,andn'gh,u,h.darknclI l>f,h. ur,hwh.n,hclun,. hiddcn,Y,,;,wlSno.a: rhattim.acco.dlftg.o .... Larmotlon,hu.tl w .. wh.nthl.firo reatcdligh.w .. diffu,,,dand aglin drawn in Icco.ding.o the m ... UT<
l ucu .. O'.n .. ou .... , .. G n oM OUT o. NOT .. , .. G' .OM ALL Eu. C ...... '-"U OUT o. W .. .. T E:n I TID 8 .. E.HUM '-HO SU. ' .. N: Heav.n, earth, fire, ... ,nd and ... aICe wne ctea.ed frorn no'h,ns 11 Scnrture beau w,' , n .... wh .. u . th.ltght.wh,ehc.m.tobeon u,ofthcthingl ,h.t c. m ob<aft ...... rd,cam.,o b<from 'FC.!06S. '"!h.tGK ... __ .... __ d.ubao_ ................ op.. ___ ........ Iop< .... <Iook .. 1o< ............... ... l."fC*1J .0mething .... Thecefo,..,tho.efivecrea<ed .hings were created from nothing. and every .hingelsrwu madefrom.hose (fiveJ thing. .ha. camctobefcomnothing.CO"MB"TAU ONGS"'BSISJ.l4.J;lp." Ta . Sl% DAYS All. R"U A .. LY Due"IP' TU' . EPHUM THB SYBlAN: So let nO one think that thccr i nythingallegorical in.he wo. ksofthc.ix day . No onc can righdy oay tha, the.hing. peTuining.o the.e day. wc,.., 'rmbolic. nOcCOn Onc uy that they w. ,.., meaningl. n nam or.hatothecthing.were oymbol iz.dfor u.by th.irnameo.Ratber.ler u. know inJuOf what manner heaven and earth wece cr .... d in the Mginning.Th.y were truly hea.en and .. rth. There WH no othec.hing'igni6edbythenamcs"he.ven" and".acth."TheT<$tof.hewock ndthing. mad.thatfoHow.dwerenotm .. ningl .... iS ni6cation ither.focthe.ubnance.of ,heir na.urescorreopond,owha,theirname ig nifj. CO .... BNTA .. YON GSNES1S .. '. " T .. IIC ...... TIONOFSp' .. ' TU .. L B .. ' N(l$. fact . ther. did cxiot which our mind Can attain by con .. mpla,ion b",whicbhubeenld.uninvestiga .. d bc,au.riti$no d.ptedtotho whoare beginnersand .. y.,infant.inunders.anding Thil wu a cert.in condition older than the birthoftheworldandproper . o th up .. _ mundanepow .... on.t.eyond,im . verlast ing. withou,t.eginningor.nd. ln ;,thr Cr ... orandProducerof.llthins pu{.,cted tbework.ofhi.arl . pir; ruall ighrb.fittins th. bleSledne .. of tho .. who lov. tht LOTd. .. tional.nd invi.ibl. na<ur ... . nd ,h. whol. orderl)arrangemen,of.piriru.lcr.atuf which s urp ... our under .. andingand of which i,i. impoSl ibie.ven .odiscovec ,h. nameO. Thu. fill completely 'he cUe",c of 'he invisible worl d. HUAU' BaON . s." T" " I NVIS''' UW''I< LOC''''ATII D. A .. BRou: The ang'J.. dominions and powen. ahhough ,hey began '0 exist a"Ome "me. wtteaireadrinexisten .. whrn ,b' !" ;sible] world "'as Cfe .. Hex"."UON '.S. " .romcthing.u it.ecm even before thi. world DFCiUI. ''FC 9L,74. '"FC4ld-i. "FC42.1&. 1:6-8 CREATION OF T H E FIRMAME NT ' And God "Le, ,bue be a f irmllmem in ,b. mids, of ,bt wa'us.' and It, i" ' parat . ,be wllterS from tb. "'Il'ers. " ' ' A"d God mad. the fir mament a"d separAted rh. waters ,,,hi'h WtT, wnder the fir ",a", ,", from the ",aters wbi'h "'ere abov, Ihe firma mtnt . {And it ",as so. }' ' And God <"lied ,hefir ... "m,", Heaven. ' A"d there was t vening ana ,ber, ",li S morni"g.a,",ondd"y. OvnVI.w, God formed the.tablelubltance of the firnum.n, by ,,"nJformins ,he naru- rally nuid WaI'" (C ... .ILOf' JlRUUIDI). Tbe firmam. nt oeparatedthecorporealmltterof ,,;'ibl.thing.f.-omthc,nCorp<>rcal mattcrof ,nv;l;bl. Ih,ngJ (AUIH/srn;. ). Tb. wot." Ihal u. abov. and und.r Ih. firnum.nt do not Iymbohu lp""ual,;ncorporwpo"." (B"s'L). Tb.firmamen,i.,h.corporul hUYen. whICh God mad. af"r era"'ng ,h. h.a".nl(O .. ,.., .... ).H.eall.d,h.firm.m.n' h.a".nbecl,,,.,,divid .. ,h.hu,,enJy nullcr from Ih. p .. "hlbl. nu" .. (Aoousn .... ). 1:6 A Fi,I,,,u,,. lI li,,d,. W"fc'S N .. T" .. I Of T II . FrU ......... T.CU'L or JnUIALi .. : Forwhll faul,h.v.theytofind w"h ,he v .. , e ... atlon ofGod,whoou\o(,h. fluidnaru ... ubstanc. of the hu".nll ForGod ... ,d,"Le-! ,h .... beafirmam.n';nlh.m,dllofth.,.,a .... .. God lpokeonccforall,and 11 ltands f .. t, ..... u fail,nG' Cn.cHnlc .. L 9.S. ' BUILTHEG n:Andl"rely",endno, beli.v.,becauu[th.firmam.n, ).ocml to ha". had itfo"gin,.cco.d'ng 10 th. s.ncraJ und.rlland,ng, from " .. cr, that it i.lil:. "hcrfrounw .. croroom uchmatcrialthll ul: .. ".ons,nf.-omrhepercollnono(moil' tu .. ,.uchal ill cry.'ailin ock.Hu ... .. ,ao,,;.I.' T .. EF, ............ rD,v' onVu" .Li ..... " l",'",.u TH,,"CI. Auc"n, ... Tb ....... " .... rcd,vid.doo,h.toom.w e .bo".,hefi. mam.n' and oth." belo ... Ihe firm.men:. S,ncc ....... ,d,h.rmattcr,,-alcaU.d,,at.' 1 H belicv.thatth.firmam.nrofhuv.nlCp" ra'edth.eorporc.lma .... ofvjsible.h,ng, from.h.inc0'J'O<ta.lnuncrof,nvilibl. tbing'. Two Boou 0" G .... E.,S AC .. ,NST THI M ..... 'CH ....... I ',". ' 7.' AUGUST' '' .' Tb. ma" ....... npar ... d by .he ;n,erpolition ofth. fi ....... men' oo.ha, dr.. lower matter il ,hltofbodiu and th.highcr m,"e.tha.ofoouU.O"'THI L'T .... ll ... TI. '''. TAT'ON OF G, .. u,s 8.". ' THI WATIU NOT RIDUC'D TO O"'Ly.B .. s' LT .. . G ..... T:Bu, .. f.r"con. ctrnlthtup.ntionofthcwa.cr. lam obiisedtocont.lI,b.opin'onofccrla;nwrit ... in ,hcchllrch ",ho.llnder th.lhado .. o( h.gh and IlIbiimecoocep"onl, t..,vtlaunch.d oll'in'Omtl.phor.ndh." ccn;n.h . ... ., ... only a figurc.odenolC Ip""ual.nd incotpo. ...1 powc ... In the h'ghe. rcgion . accord ingly,abo" h.firmamen,.dweU.hebene, : in.h.low .. reSion .. .... rth.ndm.,ttr ... ,h. dw.ilingpl.ccof,htmaJignan,.So'''yth.,, God i. p iudhy.he ... " ... thll arc abo"c the hu".nl, lhll "'O",.by the good pow cr.,th.pllrityofwholCooul malt th.m ... o. mylo.ing.h.prai ... ofGod.Andth ....... .. thatar.undcr .hehuvonl p.utn,rh w;ck.d'pirl<., .. hof.-om,h.irnal"ralh.'gh, h .... fallcnin,o,h byuof.v,I.Tllrbul.n" ..,di,iou . gitat.d by.h.tllmultllow ,,av o( piUl,on"h.yhav ... ccivcdth.nam.of.ca, beu"," of ,h. inltabili., and th. inconJuncy of .hei. mO".m.nU. Let u. reject: thu. theo n .... d .. aml andold .. om.o.,.I . H"x .... .... o",.g. 'NPNFH.'FC_,. 'Cc:-._G-I':' 'FC_ 'R:",'6)' . '"NPNFH,7t).11 T Ma FLO'" OP W,lTa. DOWNW O. T HI Gn.T: Som"'ru! mar_a!< .hi,: Why does ,he Scripoure ,educe to a commlnd oftheC..., Ofortha,.cndencrtoflowdownwudwhich bdongJ nOfu, .. lIy ,ow .. terl ... If water ha. ,hil tendency by nuu<c. the command ordcr inglhewaterlloiKgalhcredlog .. herin,o onepbce wouldiK lllperflllou . Tothi. ;nqll;ry we oay Ihi tha'yo".ecogniud very well d .. : movemen .. oflhewltuafre. ,he command of the Lord,bolh Ihun il IInltud)' . nd IInotable .. nd that il i. borne nUllra.lly down .lope. and in,o hollow.; bill how;, hid anypowerprcv;oll . ,othu, bcfore.hemo.ion wHcngenderedini.f.omthi.commlnd,you younclfncithcrl<now no.haveYOllhurdi. fromone ... God mll< .. nl oure, and the commlnd given al .hefuture cOllrle of action for the CreUul'CO. .... 0,., H ..... v. ,.,. O.IG.,.,: Allhough God had alrcadr previolUly made hcaven. now he make. the firmamen . For h. made henen fi .. , . bou, which he l ay":Huvcn i. my. hrone."' But .fur that he maku .he firmament . h .. i . h. corporcalheaven.Forcve.ycorporcalobjee, il .... ithollt doub<.firmandoolid:lndi.ilthi. rna,"di"ideslhewa.efwh;chi bov(huvcn from the w.,.t which .. belo ... huyen." Ho .. 'Lln 0 ... T .. . M.TTa.Sno .. TU. F, ... ...... T 15 Co.Po . . ..... AUGII5TIN.:S'nccScrlptu ... called he ... n the fi,mamen,. wc un wirhou' Iblurdnyholdtha,anrthingbdowrh.erh . rcalhuven.,nwhieh.nrytl"ng"pel'cful .nd ... bl .... more mu ... bkandpc",h. bl. andil, l<Jndofcorporulmallcrpr,o.tolhe recepllonofbcautrandlhed,sdncnonof forms. O"TU. L'T" .... L l"n."UTATION 0. G .... ... ):9 )0 THE DRY LAND AND T HE SEA S APPEAR ' And God l aid, "Ltllb. walrrl " wndrr "rgalhrrrdtogrt".r ,nloonrpl"ct, and It! lb. dry land "ppur." And il .. "l 50. ' JOGod ull.d Ibr dry lAnd E"rlh. "nd ID' ""IHllb"l wrrrg"lhtrrdrogrlhrrh.,,,llrdSru. And Godl",,' rh41 il "'''I good. Ln_I ....... La ........... __ .. __ ....... __ ..... ...,.,. .... __ OV'.V'fi": Tne ,,ate .. wen legregated from g'lhe"ng logelher of Ih. ,,.tets and .h. IheClnh ( joHNoFD ... .uc:UI). Th.ollghth. appear.nceof,h.d'l'l.nd ,h. ronfu.edand
TO .. ). Th. wa,e .. may Iymboliu the .in. and vi,e.of,hcbody,whkh mu .. bc par ... d from ,he dry land"ha, i., fl"Om the deed. done in ,h.f1.sh (ORlGHN).h il impo .. ibl. for ,h. human mind to fathom how pr.cisely God creatc. (Guoo1l.yoFNyss .. j . 1:9-10 C,ution ojEarlb ""dS.". How THE Sus WHIO.HFOIl"BD. JO"NOF D ...... sc".: Now. the fac, ,hat Scrip' "'' .pulu of on. gathering doc. no. mean tha. they werega'hered ,ogethr inlO on. pla,. , fornoticethataf.er,hi,i,uy,, Andth'gath .. as" A"uall)"h ccoun'm nt.ha.th." ....... ",e'.$Cgrega.edby.hem.eI" partfromthe ""rth.AndlOth.w.te .. wercbrough. ,ogcth.r in,o,heirgatheringpl.ceo and the drj' l.ndappcared.ORT .. OI>OX F .. tTtI::9 ' TIl .... SPOR .... TIO .. OFTHE Foll .. LUs M .. T. THR. AUGUST' ''E: Now when Scripture uy . "l., ,he " 'atc' which i,be!ow the hu"cn, be ga.heredinroon.g.thering:the word. meantha"hi.corporealma.teri obe formed into tht bnu,y ,ha, the "i.ible ,,' .. e .. ho.e,Thi.ga.hcringinroontpl.ce i. .h. formation of.he. e W'''r$ that we .. t and louch. For e"err form i. reduced.o a rule of uni'),.\Vharel houldw.unde.$tandi. mcan,byth.word.-Iet.hedrylandappcar .hanthi. m.nerrec.i"e. thevi,ibl. formtha. thi.nrth ,ho, touch no'" ha., H.n .. th.pr .. ioll'Up .... ion,h ... rth,, ... in,i.ible and wi.hou. form" "gnir..d rh. con fu.ionandob.curit )ofman.r.and.h xpreuionrht ,,a roverwhich rh piritof
But now.hi.watcr.nd .. "hareformed from ,harmar,,:r,ha,wascan.dbyth.irnam .. beforeithadtec.ived,h.fo,ms,ha,w.no" l e<:. Two Boo". ON GENUIS AGAINST THB M .. N'C .. .. UN51.t:.IS.' Eu .. mNTG RmCE' VE THml .. F .. .. ,LI .. .. FOIl .. . . AUGUST.wa:H.nce.atth.wOTd. le, ,h. w.,.rs b.gathered together, and let drr land appcar.".he rwo thing. ( .,thand w ... r J r ... ived rheir proper form. familiar.o uS andp.rceiv.d b)"our n ... , warer being mad. fluid and earth IOlid. Ofwarer. ther. - fore. i,i. nid:L i. be gathered": ofcarth, -Le,itappear."Forw.tertcnd5toebband flow, bu, urth rtmain. immobil . 0 .. TH" L,YBAAL l wTBapUT .. Tlo,",OFG"WUIS ,.11.>4. ' T HH LO"D N .. .. n n"l EU'UWTS. CHaY. sosToM:H,vrou ... n.d rbrother,ho\\" God. in a n ..... ripp.d,h arth, which "' ... invi.ibl.andforml .... and,, .. coveredbrh. w ..... asifth.yw .. eveil . nd.how.du.iu face, after he had impo.ed anappropriatt n.meonita.well'Andthegathering.ofth. wa .. "h.call.d.ea.:So.h.watcrsal.ogo, ,heir nam . In fact .... an excell.n. craft.man, whos.uou"omaktwi,h hi. art a cerr.;n ,a. e,d.,."nO. gi"e it a namt lln,il ht has com plet.d it, so tn. good lord do-e. nO. impo n.me. on ,he elements until ne ha. put them in their pl"Oper pl ace according to hi. com mand.Thereforeafterth ... rthhadreceiv.d itlnam.andhadreach.di"propcrform.the ga'hered watt" we .. callcd with ,heit own name. HO"'LIU ON $.'0.' Su ous,. O. THI S ....... NO THI DU L .... O.O .. 'GIN:l.cfUllabof,rhcreforc, to guherrh.waterrha,isunderhel ... nand ,asti,fromulrha,'thedryland:whi,hilou, de.d. done in ,h. nub. migh, appear. When ,h,.hubc:endone,m.n .. cingourgood worlu may glorify OUr Father who il in h ... .,en."' For if wc ha ... no''''pua,cd fromUJ ,hOleW.lCn ,hll.rcundc,heav.n.,hllil, ,he.iru and""Clofourbody.ou.drylan.d will no. bc:abl.,oappcarnor h.". ,he eourag< ,o.dv.nc.,o.h.logh, .. Th .dryl.nd.aft.' ,he ",al.r WII rcmo ... .d from i . did no,con "nucfunh.,u"d'ylan.dbu,,,unamc.d .... hbyGo<I.ln.hil ...... nn.raJltlou.!>od i if,hils'pa .. ,ionftom,hcmtakupl.c., will no longerrcmain"dry lan.d:The), ",ill. on meconrrary. N,aJI.d" .. rth"bccall..,th.y,an no .. ' NarfrllnforGod.Ho"'LlHso .. 5,5 Ho .. ' 0 10 GOD OF Nrss..:Asforlhequcnionofprecilcl),ho,, G ... Ul5"U', b.ani .... in m. cue of m,ngs which are quite ""mm the grupofollrunderll .. ndingand ofwhich wchavc..,nliblcpcrccpt;on.i,wouldbc: impouiblcforlhc&pcculuivcrcuon,ogr;lIp th.how of.hcp.od"Clionofthcphcnome non.1tI mIlChIO,ha,ucn inlpi,cd and o.indy mcnhavcdccmcdlllchqllu"on.,nltllllbl . Fo,in,"ncc.thc .. pootlcuyl,Throughf.nh wcundCf$landlh .. ,th.wo,ld.wCfefram.d by,h .... ordofGo<I nthatdungowh,dI ... ..,.narcno,m .. dcof,h,ngl whlchdoappear:' ... Lctus.followlng,hcu.mpleofrh.apol tlc.lu"c,hc'l"uuonof,hchow,ncachcrc a .. d,hmgw;,houlmcddhngwi.h"a,allbu, merclyob.crving,ncid.null).hatlhemov. mcnl of Go<I'l ",ill beeom .. 11 any moment mll hep[usco. r .... and ,hc,n,cnllon bc:comu.,onc.rcali=cd,nnatu['fc.Q"T"fi
.n)"nglclh,ng, .. mClnloulslcncc,w.mulI 'M,s"6.'FClI.-50-SI.'l-W>II," ""1'NFlS,,S'-s&.. 1:11.13 THE CREATION OF PLAN T S " Ana Goa uia. 'La Iht tarth put forth uta,' ana fr uir rrttl btaringfruu;n ",bi,b tJ tbti, a . a,b <I"oraing 10 ill kina, rbt unh. " Ana;1 u:.u '0. "n ",tb hougbtforth vtgtration. 1"4"1$ lua ."oraing tbt ;r Own kindJ. <lna trrn be<lringjr uir in ",bi,h i, rbeir Hea, urb ",coraing to ill kina.' Ana God Jall'rb"r ilw"sgooa.IJAnatbcrtWaltVtnilll "narhtuW4,morni ng,A,hiraa4J. 0" .. ", .... : S,nce plants .... diffe .. n, In 'P'" nparlld)' f,om ,hol<: clom<:nu (AuGu!<T1",), , ,. , from .,Ih and "lIcr. th.r"c ercOfcd God'. ,omm .. nd L., ,lit carth bnng for,h vegetuion"beume a law of nuu .. and .. main.d in th.urth {B ... SIL).Th.carth did nolofit.clfp<oduc.planudllt w.rehidden primordially in its womb; n,h plant< were creaudthroughth.Wo.d(B ...... ,L).Ahhough thegraos .. andthetre .. w.r.onlyamom.nt old at their cr .. ,ion, .he) app .. rcd as ifth. y w.r.month. and y .... old. Th.y wc .. cre atedufoodfot.h.animalsandforAdam and his d.sc.ndanu (EPHRHM). Poisonous and.hornyplantsw.r.cre.t.daft.rthe origin.lsin (AuGusTl .. th.b.ginning the frui ,gr.in.andveg.nbl w.r.tip.n.d b)' the Cre.tor, nOt by the lun,whichofiudf is no. ,obe worohip.d (B"S'L.AMBROSE. C"RYSQSTO., ). The grain came ftom the eaf, not th ar from th. grain (GUGORYOf NySSA). PUNTSC .... ... I> S ........ .;.BLTF. OM E ... RTH .... "'W ... THR. AuGUSTINE:H ... w. mu .. nOl. th. plan of the Rul er of the wo.ld. Sincethec.opsandtrees"eat.darediffu. en' in spuiesffom ea"h and ,, ... r.nd 10 canno' be counted.mong 'he e!emenu. the decruby ",hich th. ) ... '0 proceed from the "h is given.eparatel). and ,hecuSlomary phrasesd.scribingthei."u,ion ... pu, down.epar.tcl).ThusScriptures.y.,"And .. ,i,wasdone." andrh.ntherci r.petition of .... h.tw don . Ther.i p.ra'. m.nt;on also of the fact ,hat God .. ,, tha. itwu goo<1.Bu,.incethe.ecreatur .. clingf ... to the.a"han<1arejoined,oirby,hi,<oo .. God wi.hed them also to r..,long to ,h ... me d.)" [of crcation).ON \!<TEIt.
T."GU ... ''' ... T10!<OFTHBE"RTH.B .... 0l THS G.UT: Afte h.carth.tidofth._ight of the w ... t, had rc .. ed,th. command had. cometoi"obringfonhfi.Jlth.he.bs,thenth. Ire.An<1thi. we .. " .. iU happcningeven a, the p .... n, tim . Fo. ,h. voi .. th., w""then h.ardan<1,h.fi .... ,commandb<:cam . asi'_re. lawofnaturc an<1.emained in th.carth.giv ingitth.po_rtoproduceandbea.fruitforall .ucceed.ingtime.HHx,o," .. BRONS.' .' THUWORU. BAs'LTHRGRuT:VJh.nthecarthhe.fd. " Ler it bring fOrlh v.geution and thefrui, ,rce.; it did not p.oduc. plants.ha, it had hidden.nit;no,didi endup ,othe.urface the palmor.h. oakot ,he cypress that had been hidden somewhere down r..,low in irs womb. On the contrary, it the divine Wor<1 .h.tis theofiginof,hingsmad . H ux ... E' .,noN S.I.'
GIlS ... T: "LCl'he eafthbringforrh horb.: Andin.h.bri.f ... momen,of,im.the fth, beginningwithgerminationinorder.ha,i, mightkcepth.lawl oftheCteatot.p.ssing through.very form ofinc.ease. immediately brought th hoo," ", perfect ion. The mead ow. we deepwiththeabund. ntgrau "he r."il. plain . tippling wlth.unding crop', prc.entcdthepictureofa.welling sea with iu moving heads of grain. Andevety herb an<1 everr kind of vegetable and wh.,.ver .hrub.andl.gum ther. wereros. from ,h. eatth at that time in all profu.ion. Hnu S.S"6.' 1:12 Bri" gi ngFor/J, V'gehltion F. " .. TH. E ... 1l C ...... THa G ..... , .. . GIlIlGOU Of Nus ... , In beginning. we .u. it was nOI .n ur <lSlnS ftom a g ... inbll,agrain coming f,om an u,. and af,erd,.,.,heu, g,owl ,..,und <he gra'''' 0" .,.H. Sou .. .,. .. . Rn u .. neT'"''' ' Do NOT Wo .. , .. ,,, THKSUN. B"'ILT .. [ G ..... T: The adOtTlmen, of me carlh is old"r ,h.n thc.un . h., ,hose who hove bun mislcd may ccuc wor.hip,ngmeoun ... heo.iginof life. H.X ..... B."" s. ,. THI Fllu, nWIl IlIl R ' '''''Il".r THIlC , .. TOIl. CHIlYSOSTo .. : HcnceSc.ip.u.e.how. youe""..y.h,ngcomplc.edhcfo.<:.hccr ... "on of,hi.bodr [hesunjl""yolla .. ribUlc .he prodllctionof tbccrop olt,n"udof.oth( CrUl0< "f.H. hing<. HO ... ltHS "N G'NU1S
TH. SUN DID NOT CIlUTti V.Gn .. T, ,, .. . ,h< .un .. no.rhc.urho,ofvegc:ta.lOn ... Howtan ,he.ungwc rhe facul<yoflife ,ogrowingplan"
,heJ,fo.-gw,ng n"a"vepowc<ofGodbtfo""lhc
youngc:' than theg<e<:rI u,oot.youngc:rth.n the g,un plant. Hax"'MEIlON J.6.' H " ... TH.PUNTSA" ..... . . o .E"HU .. THI Su., .... : AI.hough .he gru.u wc onlr . mQmcn.old heitn ... ,;on b"y.pp ..... d U if .her wue mon.b, old. Likewi,,,, the cu . hhoughonlra d.y old ... hcn.hcy ' p,ou,ed forth. wne n""crlhelc" like treu ycanolduthcy wc,e fullyg,ownandfru". "ero.I,ead,budd,ngo,,.hcorbnnchu. The g,u, .h ..... ollldb.'equ'.eda, foodf",'h. arum.I"".''''''T< '0 bccr .... dtwo.uy'I .. cr G., .. ,sIS''''''J wat ,huI m.de read,. And Ihe n ew ( Om .h wouldbt food fo. Adam and hi. de",.ndan ... who would hc,h,..., ... n ou' ofpa di, < four diy' I.,er. will UtlU p.(p cd. CO .... O ... j;" T ... PO ...... OU' .... DT., ..... T PL .... TI. AUGUST' .. !: The M.n;chaun r ccu. ,omcd.o ",', - If God comm.nded rh the "dibl. plant nd.hf,ui,,,eu (omefonb tTo",.hcu. .. h, ... hocommanded.h .. there come fon" '0 m.ny.hQ.ny orp","onollJ plan .. . ha,a"u,eICNforfood and.., many ...,c. , ... ,bearnofru'tl" .. We.hould . ay .hen that ,"e ea .. h wu ( uned br re...,n of t .... 'n of m.n .o th.t it bt.n thorn . no. .h i"hould luffe'puni.hm. n,.",ce i, .. ... i.houtl-CnOluonblltlha'"lhouldalway' 'c. bef".e.h. eya ofman.h.judgmcn, upon hum.n II n. Thu. men migh, be admoni,hcd byit.o.urnawlrf,o",sin, and."tt"n.o God'. comm.ndm.n ... Po,.ono". pl.n" Wcr. cre .. cd .. a puni,bmen. o,a,. ,.1 for mo, ,.1.. All ,hi, i, .he ,e,ult of "n. Two BOO1<5 o .. G. Hu' sAG .. ' .. STTHiM .. NtCH ....... S ,.,).151 " E".TH PUT FOIlT" V.C.T .. T' ..... BU' l th".aying all ,h.d.nu wOO<happc ... d;all .hc UI, hotup ... Likewile all the , h,ub. w.n imm.d .. ,c!y ,hickwi.hleaf.ndbwhy; .ndth.c..,callcd garl.ndpl.n .... .. lI c.m.in,ou" nce ,n . momcntof,im al.hough.hcy werenotprc- vioud)on'''.unh . . Lc"h ..... h bringforth'- Thi. b,ief com ",and " '0$ a m'gbty nuure.nc 'l=C7_PGSIM.. 'FC
an which brought to ,ion .wifd) than OUT ,hough, ,h Count
le,"
G .... T:Whenlhu,grau,I,hi nkofgraS$,
lhingu i,i. said: a plan,. a r..h. a wild animal
go>pet :" ... argumen .. and attegorical ,he Scripture. digni,yof,h.irown imaginmg.Butth.i .. isth ttitudeofone whocon.ideuhim.elfwi r,hantherevcla_ tions of ,he Spiri'and introdueu hi. own iden in preten .. of an leti,beund ... tooda.ith ... b.enwril1en. HSX .. SM"RO.,g.I. " GOO,NOTT .. . SU",CRBATllnDAT.jo .. " CHRYSOSTOM: H. 5un on the fourth day I ... you ,hink it i. the causr of the da).HoMluESoNGsNBS1S6.' .... " "FC46074.U ......... .. 'FC74<A;,PG SH&. 1:14'19 CREATION OF THE HEAVENLY BODIES "Alld God Inid, "Ltt rba. b. Iigb(, in rh. of lb. beavt nl" to Uparal. rb. dn),frDm 110. nighl; It! Ibem b. for lignl nnd for . UIDnl nnd for daylllnd yrnn, " and l.r Ih.m brlighr.' in Ihcfirmam.nl of rb. heauenl 10 giu.lighl wpen 110 arl b: And;( Wn$ 10. " And God mad. th. rwogrtalligbll, Ibr gr.altr I;gbt (0 rwl . rb. dn)" and rh,ltller ligb( (0 rwl. 110. n;gbt; b. madr (h. nlIO. 17 And God Itl rh.m in th. firma m.nt of lb. b.ou.n," 10 giuelight wpon 110, eartb, " 10 rwle ouer lb. day and ou.r tb. nigb:. ro l.pa rare rhe lighr from rh. dnrk" e". And God In", ir toed. " And ",al rvening and Iher. ",al morning. day. U:O: __ ( ....... J u:x .... Ioo .... _ " .... _J.Xl Ioo __ OV .... VIllW' The heav.nly bodi ...... he .. ctp.aduof.he primordial light, which God cru d On ,he fi.ft dal' ( j OHNOfDAMA:;COS) Their function i. 10 rule the day .
Th." .isn,fixdi5finctin .. (AUGUST,,<fi). The ord .. .. c;.cll' (CHRnosToM) with primordial !ig,n precedins,he.un (A ... "",SE). After th< Star., the .un and moon "'e .. ,he dal' and nigh, divided among ,h. heavenl,. bodi .. muS< be oDservedHnaruralphenomen.bu' nO' in ord .. .. ,h.d;vinsoodn.&. (Pnul>Q D10 ...... SIVS) . Th un and ,h. mOOn .ymboli:e Chri .. and.hechurcb.rneltarsarcsymbol.
1: 14-15 Liglm ill Ib,Fir"""lIf ll ! N ... TUI. 0' THa H .... v ... u Boo . JOH" OF D ........ scul: Fir. i. on. of th. four eJ. m.nu.huloghrandmo<obuoran,.hanrh. o.h .... and"borhburnl.ndg; ... llighr.l! wumad.by.h.Cruroron,h.firotd.j.for .. crcdScriplur ay -AndGod ... id:B.1ight mad . And light was m.d. : According '0 wha,"om lrfir. i" rh m.lhinguligh, . .. And in,o Ih. lumin .. iu of the firm.m.nt th. Crea,or PUt th.pnmo.di"lligh,.not Ihat h ... a. ' nw.ntof.nyo'h.rlightbutlhatthat pUllcularloghtm,ghtnot r.mainidkForlh. lum,na"Y"n ... fh.hght "..,lfbut " . ru.pu
THE'. FUNI;T.Oo;. G .... T: "l., ,h.m l .... c; h"'Y'."fur ,h"fi",ingofd. y.; no,form.k>ngd" Ylbutforord ... ngth.d.y". Fo,d.) .ndn'ghl earli.rlh.nlh.g.n ... ,ionoflh.luminari . ' Thi.,hcp .. lm dcd uto ul wh.n"o.yo: "H.pla .. dth un '0 rul . ,h. d'r. Ih. moon and ..... ' 0 rul. ,h. night:' Ho ... . ,h.n.d"". ,h unrul.,h.dr! Bec.u ... ... h.n"".' ,h un.nrrying,h. I'gh, aroundw,lhil . riIClab.w.ourhOTl:on.;, pu ... n.ndlothcdarknu. andbrongoulrh. d.). Th.ufouon .... ouldno'.nifh ...... uld d.fincrh.d.) u .... logh,.db),th un.oru ,h. m ... ul"fc of Um. in ... hich ,h. oun .. "iu ,nth.h.m"phc .. abov.lh.urth.Butlh. . un.ndth.moonw .... I.o.ppoinl.d,ob. for Ih. yea ... The mOOn. whcn it h .. corn pl.diucou .. c,wcl ... ,im m ... urel a year.urcp"harirfr.'1u.ndrnccd ninl.r cala'lmonthforth ccurlt.d.,crm,n.,ion of,h cuon,.u,h.H.brc .... . nd,h.moit anCICntGr.ckaformc.lrm.uurcd,h.ycar, ThcJOlaryca,"lh.rc,urnoflheJunfrom. corta, n"gn,o,hltum."gn;n,utcgular U .. oIUllon. HUAI .... ON 6.'" MovaM ... T5. CU'll J ... uuuM:Menough, loh ...,b.,.nal 'on i.h.d and amaud DOl onlr at the arTang.ment of . hc.un.nd mOOn but aboat ,h.wdl. o.dendmo ... men of.h ...... "ndrhci unfuluedc"urus.nd.h.limcly.i.ing"f .. cb "frh.m;ho .. .om." .. lign.of . umm.r. (I.h ... "f ... intcr:h"w l omeindical.lh."mt fo o ... ing, olhe ... h imn"f navig""on.
W""TV .. aca"B" THBSuo;. A"'''OII:look fl .. ton,h.firmam.n,ofh ..... n.wh"h ..... madcbcf .... thelun.lookfin'on.h.earth. wh,chbcg.n,obcY;I;bl nd,,al .lr.adr formed bcf ... c,h un PUt in 'u appc ... nce. I..ookat .hcplanuoflh.urth.wh.chpr uded In \lm. rh. Ioghl Oflh.l un. Th. bum. blcpt.ced.dth un.Thcbladcofguu .. old.r,hanthcm.o<>n.Th.rcfore.donol believc tha, obJecl '0 bc a god 1o which.h. gifllofGod ... ..,.n'obcp .. r .... d.Thr .. dayl hav.p . ... d.No"n . mcanwhilc. h .. looItedfo,thc,un.yc, .h.brilliance ofl'ght ha.bccn.nu,dcnuntrywhuc.Fo.rh.da)" 100h&$,ul'ght.wh"hiollSclf 'hcprccurJOr of rhc Sun. Hn .. IMuoo;"" , THE 0 . " .. OF C." .. T I O ... C HUIOSTOM: For.h., rca'(In ,h. ble".d M"ns. ,nsp".d b)' .h.d,v,n.Sp"".,uche.usw"hgrurprcc,. sion.I .. , .... fa!1vlC,iml(1,h" .. me,hi ng'" ,hey.;nltud "fbcingablc .o knowdear!r b(lrhrhc.cquenc.ofcr.at.drhings andh",, cachlh,ngwucr."cd. You.., if God,nh" GDlU""""l can for 0 ... J,llvl.ion had nOl diruud m. longue of ,he hibl ical autho. in thia way. i. would hlvcbccn auffic;cn, , oaay ,ha, God m.d.hea ... n.ndur.h" h uandli .'ng ,hing,.andno dd,h.ord.rof.hdlya nor wha. wu cr. u .d fin nd what latu. HOMI- lIUO",G. NUI57. IO.' E ... CT M ..... 'NGO. "S' G ... ."Auo ... n",.: W houldno.in.crp.c.th ... gnauaom.- .h,ngo.h.,.h.n"mu.ForS"ip .... ,ci,now .puldngof.he .. "me.thuby.hc,rd""nc< inltrvlbconv.y . o .. , .h u.rni'yrcml'ru; ,mmutabl bo .. e , hem 10 .hl. rim. migh, appcaru ign,.hat i.,aa I vu.igfc of nn). Likewi .. , wh.n; d.u,".nd ford.ya.nd foryu .. ;n.hoWJ ofwh .. t'mesi.i"pc.k ,ng.Thucdar.comeabo",hy ,h. rcvol .. t'on of,h.find ..... ,.ndfTomthi.;tbccom.a o!>Violl. wh.nth un compl., ,ultlrry '0", .. ,n ap."i, .. I.ry .... ONTHI L'TI ..... L INTHPUT .. T' ONoFGBNU,",).)a.' l: 1618 C,ca.c, ""d Lcuct Lifbt, T .. . On. BlPo ....... D T ... C .. I .. T' O .. OF T .. . S" ...... DT .. . Moo ... Auc ... - TlNI:Th.Mlnich.earuukha ... "cauldhe .hatth.h .. v.nl) hodi . hati th .... nlnd th.moonand.he .. ar.,,,,.,,,m.dc on.h. fall"hday.Howcouldth.thr prcvio",day. hav.pl ... dwithautth un!Farw.no ...... hatadayp ..... .... ith th. ".ing.nd .. ttingaf .h .... n .... hil.nigh,cames.alU'nth .... n. "h .. nc .... h.n"r .... rns.o.u.from.h.oth.r "deof.h.world.W.aru,.,er,h.m , ha,rh. p .... iou. th ... d.y.caulduchh .... h .. nca!. .. g' .. priadoftim.u.h., .hroughwhicb.b unpllltl.fromwh.ni. runin.h ..... un.ili. r .. ........ Th, . would he Our "ru;WU if...., _t.
andmorningnm., .. fa.w .... th .. thi.c.n. no, naw ,ak. placo ,.,i,haut mo ... mcn. of th "n. Hcncc wc lcnwiththci n, e, p t. .ionth.t in,b"p"riadof ,ime chcdivi.iona hetw .. nth .... orluw ... call.dc .. heca .... of thccompletionofthcworkth.t "''aldan ndmomingbccau .. oftheheg,n ningoflh .,orlo:.ocom . Scripturcuy h .. aftct.helihne .. ofhumanworka. I1nce,h.y gen ... llyheg,n,n,hemorn;ngand.ndlt ucning .... {Then Scrop.u "rs. "And God , ctthem ;n.h.fi rm. mcntof.hch.,.vcna tO giv.ligh,uponth "h . arul.o rthcday I ndov.rlhcnigh . and.odividc.helight from the da,kn . .. :j Ag',n ther aak,"Ho ... did Godp .. yio",ly d,v;d.th.lighl.ndth. darknclI " ifh. mad. ,b. h .... nlr hod,es on ,bi. ,herourtbda)!'Thc .. fo hesewo.d" ",odi . ;d.th.lightfromth.darkn ... ; m,"n ",odivid mong.h.m.clvc be logh. and ,b. d .. kn .... lOthlt ,h. d.)' i.gi n ,o.h un .nd,h.nigh.,o.h.moonand.h.o,h.r ltau."Th.d,) and.henigbrh.d.lr.adr he n di."ngulJh.d" but nOt yct in relanon to.h. h .... nly bod,es. Two BooKS 0 .. G ..... I S AGAINJTTHIM .... ,C .. THISTA Do NOT FOR.C .... T THM F"TUR', AUGUST' NE: Evcryonc undcratandl tb.,tb.r.; grutdiff.renccbctw n.nro- log,c.lp .. d,'"on.ndoo ...... ingth , ... u nalu .. lph.nom ...... , in,h ...... y th.: farm ... anduilo .. do, eithcr.ov.,ifyg.",raph".! H . ..... ar'o .... r,hircourse ... m.wh.r.,u piloll of.h,p' do. and Itavel ... , mlking.bClt ....)'.h,ougb,h ... ndrwa .... of,n..lOu.h 'Fc,._, PGSl'os.'fC..,Ln-_ ...... .... I'LI. "'C1 c.-I .... S. ''etc.-L .... S. "Fe_ ... wnh nolu", p.th;or touplaon OOmt poi1lf of doctrin.bymcn.ioni ngoomcoflh.luraua uscfulmu"ruion.AII ... id . herc lIlg",a, diff.rcncc be,ween,h"'pra<tkllcuSlom. andthc.uperl.ifionsof menwhoSlud)thc " ar. nottoforccaJfthc ... calh.rortoflnd !hcir","yorfo,.piri.ua.lparablclbu,inan dforl ' 0 peer in.o thc p destin.d oU. CGmcof ."cnU. LITTIU ss." T".Su" ,u EC"OOFTHII D,,, , .. . Gooo ...... I' n uoo D,ONYS1US, Th'llr.at.lhon ,ng.cnr. ligh'ing sunis ,hcapparent imagcof thcd,v,ne goodn s.a distant.choof ,h. good. It illumina ... whatcvo, 11 c.pableof .. cc,,,, ng ,,. I'gh' .lndy,,, i,ncYCtlo ... ,h. u".rfullnu. of,..ligh,.It nd." h,ning bcam llaround,h."i.ibl .... orld.lndiflny. ,h,ngf.ilo,orcec,,,.themthcfaul,I, .. .. Of,n th .... cakn.u o.d.f.ctoflhclprcadonglight bu"n,h. un. u,tabili' yof ... h ....... i. un.bl. .har. in light. D'''''' B N"MBS S,," .... o MOOh'AIIlS"".'O. TH. T.UH L":HT.O. , GI,.'AI thooclighllofhca"en ,h ..... c ... h.".bc ..... tfor"gns.nd..,. ... nllndday".ndy n:lh .. th'j'm'ghtg'''. light from ,hcfirm.men, ofhu"en to thos. whoar.ontheurth . ..,alloCh"ll.illumi natinghllchu,ch.gi ...... ign.brh"p .... pn. ,h. , on. m'ght know ho ... . wh.n thclignhu bccn rciycd. 10 uapc.hc ....... ,h to come:" lutth. td.yovnl.akchimlik th, .r:"bu, th.trath .. h.ca .. "''''h th.acecp .. bl.yurof .h.Lord:"Chri l t.lh.",for i.th."tru.ligh, which.nlighlCnJ C"" ' j' man coming inlo thil world:" From hi. !ight th.chu,ch ill. lfallo h."ingbc.n.nligh .. n.di. m.d."th.lightof !h. world enligl ... ningtho .. who ... in darkn.u:"u aiJoCh,i .. h.moclf .. nifies.o hisd,lCipl ..... ying. l"ou ... th.logh,o( th. world:- HOluulS 0 .. GIl NUIS 1.6." THBST"UUSYM_OLS.O .. ,GIIN,JUlluth. .un.ndth.moon ..... id,ob. th.g .. 11 lighlli nthcfl rm.m.n.ofhuv.n.ooabo ... Chri .. and Ih. church in us. But sinccGod atlopl.ecd ..... in.h. firmam.n'.lc,usoc. ...hlt at ........ In UI. th ..... in!he heaven ofourhUrI.MoIClila.tar ,nu, .... hich ohin ndenbghICnl ul brh ... cn.Andoo ...Abraham.haac.Jacob.lsaiah.Jer.miah. Ezckicl. Da"id. Danicl. and all to whom Ih. HoJ yS"ipl ur ...... ifythal,hrpl.u.dGod. Forju .... l1ar diff ... from .. arinSl0'Y .. oo al$ouchof,h .... in ... acco.d,ng.ohtsown grcalneu hcd.o his lighr upon UI. HOM'MHJ ON G.NI5J5J.'." 1:2023 GOD C RE ATES THE BIRDS AND THE AQUATIC CREATURES :Ill A"d God loid. "Ltl lb. ",oftrs &"i"gforlb ,,,,Orml of livi"g (rtOlwrel ... "d [It! Ioirdl fl,)" <lbov. url" <lcrOIl Ih. firm<lm."r of tht "(<!Vtlll."' "So God ( rt<lr.d rh. grtar (It<l mono Ittrlj'"nd(tvtryiivingere<lr .. rtrhOlrmOvtJj.' ",irh",biebrbt "'"ttTIS"'OIrm.<I"o,d;ng l" rh.;r kinds ... nd t""1 wingtd bird IICt01'ding I" ill .'nd. And GOld ,,, ... Ih"l il II'U fOOd. ::':And God bltJItd tbtm. I<lying. "B. frllilf .. 1 ""d mwlliply "ndft" Iht "'''frrs in Ih. ,,<IS. "nd 1,1 bi,dl mwl. liply"nlhturlh." 2S AndrhrrrIl'0IItvtning"ndlh .. t ll'<ls morning. OIf</I"d .. y. u:x-.ol_ .... ... u:x_'l..a .. .-.... lWJ. __ OVu.v, .... ,Godg ... ( ......... ,h .. "p.op<. o.namcnrbr,,,,allngl .... mm,ngcr ... I<m'I,nd bmu (BUlL), The bird. did nol ongina from "'a'<r but from ,h. cloud)' air ..... uru.d .. i.h .. ,.tT.ou.of .. llicll,h'y"camrfonh- (AUGUST"'.)' Th. fi.1I and birw rup<crivdr .ymboliu rhe evil and Ihegood Ihoughll in .he human mind (O.,c.t<). God abo cru .. d rh .... mon ...... 'nord .. ,orai .. f.ar.nd cons<ernalloninhumaru (BAlIIL), Af rcrca, ing.h.'nimabof.h ....... r.nd,h.bi.ds. God g.v. ,h.m rh. po .... r of p.oou .... ion br uy;ng",nuu ... and m"I"pl)- (AoollSY't<. ). Man)'trur"rc.wcrc'''aledon,hcumc da), (AMnosaj, cach of ill own kind (BAS'L) w,tbdifl'u.nces.u ... in.dtb ..... ghm.. g.n .... 'tOn,.,h uccellionofucb'pcclC.ptt.erv.d (Bu' L) wi,h.h.p.op.rti""",pcci.t.II) recei ... d from God. Hybrids.re .he wo.k of hu"wu. no, of God (A .... on). The ..,ul .. nO. pre'U"'Mti), .,un.1 u ,hough . h ... mg in God utnco.andrhcl(I"ld.,.,I no.imml' from bod)' to bod)' (GUGOaY Of Nrss.. ). Th.com,nstolifcofalccdanerbc,ngi>u".d m.hcground .... prcfigura"onof,h .... u. rec"on (A .. BIIOS&. Gucou Oof NY&SA). AOOItt<'t<GTH.W4TBII BASlLTHm GUAT,Ancr ,h. crca<ionof,helighu.,h.n me'u ...... e'.fiJIedwi'hli .. 'ngcr .... Nru .., rha, ,hi. portion oflhc world allo " ... dorn.d.The urthhad rccci ditoornamcn- Inion from it> own plan ... Th. huven. had r .:c;y.dth.flo", ... oflL1 ... ndhadbccn adorned with , wogrcat ligh .... ifwnh ,h. .adianccof,wineycs.It rnaincdfo h. wa,.ra" oo.tobcgiycnrhtITf"Opcroma men . The command ,amc. l mmed,a,c1r ....... w producri .. e, and marlhyl.k wcrc fruit rulof'p<cie.prop<r.ndnarurlltoeach. Thc ... wuu,i.",,,h.lllLindsof .... imm,ngcr ... .u ..... ndno.ey.n.h ... .,u.hatr.mlln.d,n .he .l im.ondpond, w .. idl cor wi,hou,,,, contribu.;on in Cfeation. For dcarl)' frogl a"" m0"lui ..... ,and gnl" w'''gen .,.df..,.". ,hem. HUA.M.ItOI< 7.'. ' 8"SlCTHI Gun:Godallou.id."l..olbirdl fir above unh "non firmamenl of .... 'ngcdc.ca ru.el lllolhciro.iginf.omlhewarefl! Beclule lhe flyinganimabhaveace,, "in .clltion. hip. u i, were. wilh Ihole Ih., Iwim. FO' Julf II Ih. fi.h "",h. wa'e gOing for wlrdwilh,hemo,ionof,helrfinl .ndguid Ing,he"'urnl andforw .. .he ,h.ngeof ,hei,nib .... . J ... ' n b"d Ihrough ... onw,ng.i n .h.,.mc manncr. HUA . .... o!<8.:.' SI .. I1LT .. .. .. OF M .... y L.' v. , .. c: S.".Oi . ... .. BII.OsE'Theflven ... er.in labo,.ThcI.kclpro<iucedlhelr'!uo.a of life. The IU "..,Ifbcgan.obcar all mann.rofrcp. I,I.I .. ... pt"Clwhich byd, .. mom.n'of,im ....... hellm. inll.nl.ublfan tI.lform l ndth.principl.oflif .... crebrough, ,nlO uillence .... Th .... hlle, '" well .... the f,og.nmeinl oulInccallheoam.tlm.b) Ihe um. eru'; ... pow . H.:u. . .... o .. ,.' 8 , ,.oiG'''''''AT,o . llo .. A,,.SATI1IU1TI,, w, T .. W .. TI,.. "'"Gusn ... , [The Man"hac anl ) u.uall)fl ndf.ult.qu."ioningl ndoft. n mi"cpru.ntlngSnip.urtfor ur;ng,h .. no. m.r.ly ,ho . ... nimll. ,hlt]iv. In ,h. ,nICtbu, .. I .... hou,h",fly,n.h.'".nd all w,ngcd cru.ure. wert born from ,h. ,. ...... l., .h.mltno" ,h., lurned men whoc ... fully "",u ttg ... ,h . .. matt. fl uJu, allri nd ude with Ihe .... ,er lhi .doudr .nd moi" .i. In whi ch ,he bird. fl y. Fo,itcome. ,,,suh and b.,omu d.n .. "'"h U hola"on'"nd wha, I m'si>, caU vaPOfl of ,. the.UlO fhali,canluppo.lfh.fligh,o( birds. ThUI on calm nigh .. i'pftlQueu dew. andd, op" of,h,.dc,, e fo und On Ih. g 1J in . h. morning. Two f!.oou 0'" G . .. . .,s ... " .. ' .. ST TH8 MA .. 'C .. AIIA"' S S ..... OLl . .. O. THBSW ..... ' .. " ..... oFLTl N .. C,. ... TI1 tlS.OIIlGI":Acco.diogto Ih., le" . ... bftlugh. fo"h by .ht,,a,en at 'he command of God . ndw. rccogni2tbr whomlh ... Ihi ngl that w '" h.n hen made. lIuIle, u .. ., how a!,o lhu . ... m. thingleom ob. in ou, firm .. m.n, ofhu ... n. rhar i in ,h. fi,m. nelJ of Our mind or h."r,. I ,hi nk . hat ifou. mindhllbc.oenlightenedbyCh.ill, ou. l un. i.,.ord.redafte ...... ard.ob.ing fort hfrom ,hue "'".n chat are in i'lw;mminl erU' lu.cl" . nd"b"do ch.,fl,:,hat, . ob"ngou, in.o . h.optn go-odornil . h"ugbu ,h."herc m;gh,bc l di"inctionof.hego-od ,hough .. from rhe uil. whicb <uta,"l)" borh proc.ed from our hUCf 11 from.h. wllerl. 8uI bylh. wordandp ... eptofGodle,uloff., upbOlh ' 0 God.vi .nd j udgmenr ... th., . w"hh" enligh.enmen, . ...,m'ybe.bI od,. tlngullh wha,,, eyjJ (.om .h. good. HO"'L' U 0" GENU' S . a! WHY THE 5 ... MO .. JTI U W.,.. C,. ... y.". B .. S' LYHI G ... AT'Godc ..... d .h. gr .. '"ca mon"en ..... nd ..... bec.ul.,h.y .r.larger Ihanlhelh.imp and h.rring ltt,hcyutled grca,.bu,bccaUICwith.heirimmenoehod'.1 .. pI- ...... ... thc-. 'I .......... ....... 'Fe?"," rheyaro1ikchllgemollnrainJ. !nde.d,lhey r"''1".ndylooJclikeiolan.u wh.nthcy.w,m Ilponth.llI.faceofrh.wa ... .. th. animalorharhlyebc.nc",uedfo,oll,fu, .ndconote'nltion .... Andthu h.Cru.o. wanuyourolHkcptawakcby.hem.ino.de. .hlt.rhroughhopconGod,youmighrU(apc .h. harm .ha. cornu f .... m th.m. Hu .. l MUON?6.' O.ITS 0 ... 0; K, ND. THI G ..... T' The,. u norh,ng<rIlH.han.hi rha,.irher uchplanrhu ... do,thc om. genera';y. powe,. And thi. forth. up,.uion"of". own kind: For.he Ihoo.o(.h .... d"norproduniy.ofln ollv .... e.bu,fromth .... dcome.anoth.c , d.andf.om ds'p"ngplanu.clarcd 'orh .... d own.Thu .... h .... :upu. forrhby.heurthin,ufiratge nerallonhu bcenp .... rvedun<ilrh.p .... n.rime. I ,n .h. kinds p ... i ... d ,",oug" con .un, c.producuon.Hu ... NI .. Oo; S:' SUCCUS' O" P Il15l"vID. S .. SILTHI G ... n:Th.nltu",ofulldngobjeC'l.,lCr ,n mo.ion by onc commlnd, pules through n .... 'ioow"holl.chang . byg.ne ... ion.nd dUt,uuion.preouvingth.lllcc ... iono(rh. k, nd. th,ough.eaemblanccuntilltruchu h''''''Yend.ltbcg.uahor..,uth ucc.uor ofaho'lC.ahonofalion.ndanuglcofan cagl . h continu topr .... v.eachofth. Inimab by unint.rruprcd.uccu.sionl until h. con.ummauon of rh. un'v ...... No i.ngrhofllmccau.urh.,pccificcharacr II' uClof.hcan,mab,ob.corrupredotex",,,, bll . uifes.ablilh.dju .. recend),.nl.ure v .. fr.,h. move. along ... "h "m HEL ...... .. S ( ' U P.CULI .... P .. O .... T' u RICI' VID ."0" GOD.A .... o .. : lnth.p'n. con. naN .. ..,.mt to upr ... an ,mag. of iuelI. h prc rvCJiupcculiarp.opcrtictwh"hil .. ce;v.df .... mand. and' t pcauinth u" ... ,onand order ofth. yean ".g. nention un.il,hc.nd o(um.ilfulfill.d.Hn .. EMII.ON).,6.6a. " D, ... aINc" SU,T .. 'NBD. AM.aon: Th. Word of God '''''Tf c,uru .. ,n tht con.mu.ion ofthewodd. H.nce. as God had ordained.allk'nd.oflivinJ;c .. atur wer. '1ukklypradllc.df .... m , h.u .. h.lncornpli ancewithafi .. dla .. theyall.ucceed.ach o.h from'g oag.according.olh.i r upcct and kind. The lion g.netate. a lion;.h. , iger. a rig .. ugl . lneagl Wh",,uonc nJOin.d becamtiflflaN",ahabi,foraU.ime.H.nc< rh ... nhhal no. ccued ,ooff ... hchomlg. ofitl rvicc. The o.iginal.peciu of living catu i'''p.oouc.dfo,futuI,.,bylUc, c<ui""gencrauonsofitlkond.HIU.MUO" 6.).,." H" ' DS A-"I THI Wo ... Of H" .... N5, NOT OF GOD. A .. non: \Vh., pu ... nd .. nllrnioh.dgene.a.iorufoUowwi'holl'in minglingon.afr.tanothct.lo .ha,athymal lll.prnducuathymallus:alu.wolf.a.u. wolf.Th ..... aco.pion . oo. pr ... rv un .. ain.di .. marriag.lHd ... . Fi.h h .... fo ,kno .. 'nothingofunionwlfha.lienlpc .... , Th.y do nOt hav. unnatunl bct .... ,hal.
...... for rhc marc. <>"gain the femal.d<>nk'yandth.h<> .... b<>,b being uampl .. ofllnnaturalllnion.C.rtainlytbeu .rccas .. ;nwh;chn.tur uff ... m<>rtintht n.turc<>fdefilem.ntnthcrth.nth.t<>finjurr .. anab.tt<>cofhrb';d b.rrennc .. i. re'p<>nsibJtforthi . Hec<>n,id. en a m<>ngrel animal m<>rc v.luable than <>nt <>fagcnuine.pccie . Y<>umixt<>gethocalitn .peci ... ndy<>umingl.divers .... d . HBxAE. MEROl< S.j 9 " S1IBD.P .. BF' CU .. "RBSU .. .. H<; T'Ol<. AMSROSE,S d. ofonekindcann<>.be changtdin,oanoth .. kind<>fpla ntnocbring focth pr<>ducedifftcing from iu own seed., so that men should spring from l erpcnto and n h from teeth. How much more, indeed. is i"obebelievedtha,whatcvcrhube.ns<>wn ris ... gain in iu own narurcand th., cr<>psdo not differ from their .. ed.thatsof"hings d<> nOt.pringfr<>mbardnothardfrom.oft.nor i'p<>i'<>nchangedi n,oblo<>d.bllttha.ncsbi. ru.o .. d fcom A.sh. hone from bone. blood from blood. th. hum<> .. <>fthe Ix>dy fr<>m
B<>,,>' I I<T1IC",'TT , I< THB RnU .. IlIlCT' Ol<
GRECORY OF Nus.;., Wc learn from Scriptur. in.h "<>un,<>fth.firs,crcui<>nrharfi,,t th. urth brought forth "the green herb" {as the narrativcuys). andrh.nfr<>mthis pl.n, .. ed ... yiclded.fr<>mwhich. whtnit ......
wcleunfr<>mhim.hef.crn<>,onlytha'our hum.n;rywiJlbe,henchangedim<>romc thingn<>ble.bllt.J&<>tha,whatwchav ,h .... int<>cxpecti.nothingel .. th.nth.t which wu a. ,he beginning. ON THB
So uu 0 0 NOT Mt C .... TB. GRI!COIlY Of Nvss.;.: Th<>.e who w<>uld contend that ,he .>lllmigcatcointonaru.c.div.rg.ntftom each<>,he ... cm,ome to<>bliter.tcaJlna- ,uc.l distinction._to blend and c<>nfusc .og.therineverrpo .. iblc rcspectth.rati<>nal. .n. irrational,the.cnrien, and the inun .... : if. that i all thcse arc t<>pus in,o each <>,her with no d;otinct natural <>rder sedllding tbcmf.<>mmutualrransition.Tourth.,<>nc
envir<>nmen,<>fbod).i,"<>nctim. antional andin,dlecrual'<>lll ndthatth.niti scav. erncd along with the reptiles, or hcrd. with th.bicds.ocis.b .. st<>fburden.or.carniv<>. r<>uS one.<>"wim, in thc d.ep; <>rev.n drop. downt<>anin n .... thing"' 'ostcikeou' I'O<>U <>r become a c<>mpl""tTc p,<>ducing bud. <>n branches. andf,<>m tho .. bud fl<>wcr.<>r. th<>m. <>rafruitcdiblcorn<>x i<>",-,ouythi,isn<>.hing shonofmaking .11 ,hing'the ume and belieyingth., <>nc .;n glenuurcrun.througb.l1b .. ings:tbatth .. c i. a c<>nn.cri<>n b.twun them which blend. andc<>nfu ... hopele .. lrllthc marlub), whicb <>n.c<>llld bcdistinguished from an<>the . 01< THE SOUL .. HD THE RUUUBC' TJOI<. " "1'C41d66. "NPNFH"6;. "NPNF2 SM-l. Pu .... ou Of THti BUUINC. AIJCU5TINB: ble .. ing pre.erv. rheir kind by giving binh. God wan,.d rhe ble .. ing'o hav.the power of ON TH! fecundi,y. which is r.v I.d in rh. Jucce .. ion 515'5.50. " ofoffJpring.Thus.thoughth.animal,wer. ---- ----- made weak and mona!. th.r might by that 1:2425 CREATION OF THE ANIMALS OF THE EA RTH Z'A nd God said. "Ltr rbt tartb bring fortb crealuresj" according 10 rbtir kind, ,alt!' and crttping thing' and br4IfI 0flbttarthauordinglO tbdrkind,. " A nd;rw4'so l' And God mad. the b."m aflb artb according 10 their kind, and th. ",uI. "ccording 10 Iht;r bnd" and .bar crup' wpon .bt grownd M,ording to il l kind. And God ,aW Ibal ir walgood. ux."-l .... (IOoI)'L.U,.......,.. O ....... ,B":Th nimal.ofth .... th ar. no! cr.lled by the earth bu,by God on ,h. earth throughrh.divin.Word.Godscommandto .h.unhremains.andthe .. rthcontinu o brlngfonhanimals (BASll). The sencral descriprioninGen i.l:24Z;mightn':ferto th. cr.ationof.hr .. di$linctda .... of . ni. malo: reptil pr.darors and h.rd. (Au(;us TtNB). EachJpecie. of.nimaJruemblesvari ou.human characri"ic,(CYIIJlOFJERUU lEM). Theanimaliofrb ... nh.ymbolize,h. ,mpul , of rh. outer . arthlr person (0., GEN). Th ..,ul.ofbeaoudidno,exi"b.fore nution(BAStl).ThcglorrofGodi.revealcd Inthcbeaut)andwcalthofnc.tedbeing$ (CHRYSOSTOM). 1:24 25 Crta.io" of BtulS oflht E4rtb 2' SOULS OF BUSTS Dto NOT EXtST BB.ORB CRHATION. BASIL THB GUAT: Th oul of bru,tbea".didnot.mc.g<"ft.rh.vingbecn hiddenin,hc .. rth.buti,waoc.llcdinto exi .. enccof,hctim<of,h.comm.nd
CRBATIID By GOD INTHEEAaTH. BAStLTHE GRur:FormerlyGodhadsaid:"Lc'th. ",.tersbringforthcrawling cruturc.th .. have life: ' hue."Let ,hc.arthbring forth liv ing crea,ure.: 10 ,h. carth. thcn. poss .... d of life, And do ,hc mad.minded Manich an. hold.headnnug . in<.thc,.assum. rha, tht ea"hha ou!'No.whenhe .. id."Le,it bring fon h: it did not produce whu W>5 .tored up in;,. but h. who gave ,he command also butowed upon it the power to bring for<h. Neither did the earth. when ir heard. "Lui,bringvegerarionandrhefrui.tr : ' produceplanurh".i'h.dhidd.nini .... On thecontrar),.i.i.rhedivincWordthati h. origin ofrhing' madc."L.t.h. earth b.ing fo .. h"-mcaningnot let it put forth what it alread)ha.butleti.acquircwh i.docsnot h.v . inc. God is enduing it with.he powot
Co ...... "'" R . .. A'N' CONSTA"' TLY
bring forth living cr.aru,",according.o.h.ir kind.: canl ndc ... ping.hing. and bc .... of ,h rth ac<ording to their kinds: Consid" rhe word of God moving through all creation. hningbcguna,that.im activ.up.oth. p .. sent and .fficaciou,un.i l.he.nd.e"en.o .hecon.umma"onof.heworld,A. ab.ll. wh.npush.dbr,omeonc . nd.henmeuing "ith lope,isbornedownwardbyi .. own ionofthcground.nd douno.stophefor.",m.l.velsurf.ce rcceivesi".o.oo.henuureofui .. ing object .. .. , in mo.ion bron. comm.nd. p ..... throughcr ... ion. wi.houtch.nge.by g.neruion and d."ruion,prUcrving.he .ucu .. .. throughre.em b!an<e. un.il it reache, the ver)' end. Hax .. E 9.:.' Hy .. " OF PRA'SH FoaTHB SU UTY 0" Ca ti ATtO".S""lTH. Gu.n:Lu u. glorify rhe M."" Crafuman for all th., ha, been don. wiselr and skillfullJ .. and from the bcautr of 'he liJible ,hmg. let uS form an ideaofh,m ,,'hoi. morcth.nbeautifuLAndfromth. greun."of .huc!"'re<ptibl ndcircum scrib.dbodi .. le. uJ conceive of him whois infinite and imm.n .. and who surpasse. all unders.anding in the pl.nitude of hi. power.
atleast.h .. whichingeneralcomesunderour is .0 wonderful ,h., ,h, mOJlaculCmindi.showntob , a lo .. a. regard. ,he I .... ofth. thing. in rhe world, ei.hcrin.heabili.yto.xplainitworthilrorto render due prai '0 ,h. Creotor. ro whom he allgl0'l. hO,nor and power f"nver. HUAl' THB WE .. LTH OV G(m's C"u:r,o><s. CH"" . SOSTO .. : [, ",'asn't Jimplr for our u .. rh., h. producedall.hc.ething.,irwa.al.oforour benefitin.h ... n .. tha.w.migh, ... the ovcrflowingabund.nceofhi,creuur ... nd b."vcrwhelmcdat.h. C.ea,or, powet,.nd be in a po.ition to know tha,all.hese.hings "'ere produced by a ccrta,n wISdom and in effable love ou,ofrcgard for the human being rh., "'U d .,ined.o COme into being. HOMt
TH"U CL .. SSBS Of AN' .. .. LSI
rhr um .. "auording . o ,h,i, kinds:our .t<entioni.c.Ucdtothre.da ..... Fir .. qu.d rupeds and creeping thing. a<cording to their kind . and here I believc he has indicated what h. means. namdJ'. ,hose rh helongto.hed ... ofcreep,ng.hing" such u lizards. amphibian . and the like Thu in reputing.hc enum.ra.ion of ani mal$,rhe au.hor did not tep'" ,h. r.pe,happarentlrbccau.chcmcluded.hemin Ih.l.rmcr ping,hings:Wi lhlhi.invie .. h.didno,say .i mplycrecpinglhing. bu, ra,h .. alIcr<:.pinglhing.ofurth:Ofcarth Ii ldd.dbcuuulhnea.e:040cr pingthings 'n,h ..... "t andalli.addd,oindud. tho .. also.hatmov.onfou.&e<. lhed .... Ipedficallyintended"Dovebylhetcrm'i"4J. '''p<J.Ncn.lh.bcullar. anoth.rd"u.i ndi Cllcd al.o by the upr.uionaccordmgm Ihcirkin.u:and.h.y .... all.ho animau. ududing rep,il. I ha,p,owlabou.wi,hfear. IOm' mOut hl .. nd cl .. w . Finall). ,h. herd. make lip ath,,.J dUi d ignited by .he ph ..... according.orheirkin.u:ThCHhavcnolllch ficrceandv;oIentway."' .... ildh<:u ... although . omcmlyam",kw;ththc;,hornl. ONTHBlITIIlAL1HTU.UTAT, OHO,G.H. 5 15).".1,. ' TH.A ....... u R ..... . LB D, ., I<T Hu ...... CH .. ... cT.n. CT,!-' LO' Juuu u .. :Godoaid:L.. hecarthbring(o .. hJiv. ,ngnu.uruao.d,nll,o.hci. kin.u: card. an.Jcrccpingth,ng.andbc ..... o(,h.urth Iccordinll,othcirkin.u:Oifl'.r<:ntnuurc.of animaJ prang(orthfromth.on artha,a l inglecomm .. nd_,h.g.nd hecpand,hr c .. rnivorou. lion_ .nd,hevariou nd.nci ofi .... ional aoimab.h .. , di.plar.oalogi ... o "ariO<l' human rnaractcrilt;cl.Thu.th.fo. ,ypifiuthccrafun ... ofmcn.lhc.nakcth. venomou,,,cachc.)'off,icnd,and,hcn.igh 'ngho .... hewln.onyoungm.n.Th ...,i.,h. bUI!'an orou..,.h.indol.n,andoJuggi,h; (nrwh.naman.p.ndsanidlcyou,h,.hcnhc i.inJtructcdhy.h.i .. "tiona! (ul1ur<: . b.ing chi.J .Jby th. ncrc.J Scripture. which "'y'. Go.o rh. an, .O oJuggani. and con,idcring h.rway . cmula h.raodbccom ..... ;..,t.han .h.:Fo, wh.n you ob..,tv. hu " .... uri ns up (oodfor hcr. el(ingood u:uon.imita h.r. Tr<: ... urc up for you".lfthc (r uII.ofgood works fo. thc.,orld.ocomc.CATICHIT,CAL lICTU"U9.')' " Tn .. AN ..... USn .. o LIZ. Hu .. u: 1 ... uLus. O" .. IN; In.h. p.c..,n, ,Ut. I thinkth.impuI",.o(ou.ouICrman.th",i . ofourcltnalandcanhl),man.ar<:indicl1.<l by .hi. which i,!lid:'Le< ,he bring (onh thc Iivinll <rcU"r<:. acconiing 1o th.ir kind.four.(oo dcrcarur<: . cr .. pingcrca. ruru and bcllU on rhecanh aord'ngIO thc;rkind: lnbr;cflh ... "llndlCa .. <lno.hins wing.<lin th ... thing, " tha.artllidabou, .h.fl h.bu,only (ourfoo.cd cr .... ur ... "ccpingcrca.urt. and bu."of.hcunh: Acco.dinll .. ,ha ..... bclur wh"hi."'i<lby thcapo.dc.thl1nogooddwcll,>nmyflc"'" andth",lh.w;.domofth.flclhi. ho"il o God:"lholCareccruinl)',hing.,ha,.hc urth. ,h ..... our fl .. h.p'oduc ... HO .. ,L,U O"GSN .... t.tI .'
""'-7oIL"II-Io'1."FCno6O-tl. I :26-27 GOD CREATES MAN AND WOMAN 1<Thcn God said, -Lcl WJ malt . man {in our imag . aflCT owr lik<n."J; and 1<llh.m dominion over oJ Ha, ond ovcr birds oJ tb. air. and ov .. tb. eauk and ovtraUrbtcanb,andovcT.vtryu"pi"glbingrhalerupsupontb,cartb.""So God ert <lud man in his OWn ;mag" ;n the imagt oJ God bt (rcaud him; mal. and Jtmalt he crtaud O""".V'Bw'Th v .... sar.p.rnap.tn. v.rses of ,h. Old T ... am.n, mo" corn men,.d on by the Fuh.rs. The doe "in. of man',crea,ion in Ihe imag. of God i.lh. fou nd.tionofpatri"ican,hropology.The men,ionofhi, lihn ... ,oGodpoin .. ,o,he d''''nyofhis lanceification and glorification. On,hatcommonbaoi'lhe Fuh.rs d.velop ,h.,u, in 'ari"u, way . Manr eomrn.n' on God, addre .. lOhim.elfin,heplurala. r.ferrinj; fO the Trini,y (PRUD2"T'US).Mo", of,h atl) FOfh ... ndl ... rGr kfa,he .. ,ake the imag<accordins",wh'ch man i, ,,e. .. edto b.Chri"him.elf:h.nremani.an "im'geoflheimag.-(CLE .. E"TOfAL2X .. ,, DR, ... M"RIUSV'CTORJ""S). AmongtheGrtek.,hertisgenerallyadi. tinetion drawn betw.enth. imag. and th. lihn .. ., man i. cre .. ed according '0 ,h. ,m.g . and hi.destin)' in fre.dom i. '0 achi.v. Ijk.n ... ,oGod (ORJGB".D, .. OOCHUS). Augu .. in 'lu.dlh .. m.n "uli.cr.u.din Ih image of God direcdy. Accordinglr he m.intain.d,n .. ,hehuman.oulisanimag.of ,he t<iun< God and ,h ... fore int<m.ically ltini,ari'n (FuLGB"TtUS). As '0 what con"i,ute' ,h. image of God ,n man,lr<n.eus mainuin<d,ha, ,hi . includedbothth.coeporealand.pjri,ual upec,ofma".M"st.h"w.vu,f"undj,in man oul"r.piritu.l .. C"sSI"".AMBROsa).Acc"rdingc"Sahd"n. thec"ncep' "f,h.;mage "fG"d in man had
a,hiend a lihneu.o God wh.n he w", renewed in rh< Chei.ti." faith. Apeeuliar vi.w wao uprel . ed b) P",amiu. "f Li.b"". who.awth. actual human body .. a c"ncre .. repr n<.tion"flh.Trini,y ( POT ..... 1US).h ref ... ,ob",b "urrela,i"n.hip '0 G"d and ourbeingplacedoverth<ceeaudoeder.!t con$titu'e.ourropl .... l<and i.manif tin "urp" .. euionofdivin. rca."".in our free d"m.immort.lil).virtu.andju .. iee(GIl2<l ORroFNvSSII.JOH"O.D""ASCUS,CHRVSOS TO"). 2i Both man and woman are cr .. ,ed in rh. image ofG"d. The divine image ,,,nseend. diffee.nc. (G-..$(;o-..v o. NvsSll ). The complementarityoff.mal.andmalei.repr. nlCdin 'ari"u."'ay",h.fem.le ... ... lteady in rhemale wh.n Adam " crea",:I (EPHRU<): ,he mal. s),mbolizes ,he spiri, . whil.rh.fem.I'''p ... enu,h.souI.Sceip. rureoa), "mal.andfemal .hecreu.drh.m: an,icipa"ngwha,,,,u.,,happ<nla"r,af'er theblu.inginctea and multiplya1lo .... ed human beings to reprodua through the union of mal . and female (O'UGBH). Humandigni.y i. honored by the unique triunecon.ulurion prior.o the creation of Adam. as revealed in Scripture (B"stt.. CHRY- SOSTO .. ). The image of God is . compreh.n .in phr ... (Gu GORYQFNyss,,)_ lt is given; thelikene$$ i,tol>efreelychooen(B"s'L).The twofoldnatureofhumanityi ... eninth. '.rm.i"'agr.ndlihw"' . nd ..... and .... "' (G"!GORY o. Nnu). Th. fall prec.d.d <ohabita';on(CHRnoSToM). 1:26. Ltt Us M"h M<ln THHTR' UNBCONSULT .. Tl0 NOVE .. THE CRBaTIONo.HuMaNs.GRB"OIlYO' Nnu: Thi am. langu.g. "'as not used for (th renion) of o.h .. things_ Th. command ,., .... impl. when light w.s .. e .. ed: GGd .. id. "let ,h ... b. Iigh,:Heaven ,,:as also mad. wi,houtdelil>er .. ion .... Th .... ,hough. w.r. befor. (thr cre.,ion of ) human . For human th .. e wudelil>era,ion. H. did not nr.uhe did whencreatingother.hings.Le,thereb. a human: S" how worrh)' you are! Youtorigin reno,in . nimperativ . lns ... d.Goddelib.r- .ted.bou"h,best way '0 bring '0 lif. acr,- ation worthy of honor. ON THEOR' Gt,; OF M",;. ' HUMaN DrGNITT HONO ... O ET THU DnrU .... TION. CH .. T50STO .. :Tob.gin.iti. worthwhile IQ a.k why God did no, 53)'. when ,h. hcaven' w.re crca"d.-Let uS mak. the heav.n, " bu,inst""d.let ,he" be a heaven. ... Let ,h ... l>elight:and .i mil.rlrfo"uch oth",asp,,, of<tca,ion_- Let uS makr"sug_ g .... d.lib.ration.collabotation.ndconfer mccwi,hano,h"p.non.S<twhati,i,who,c pending creation is granted 10 great anhonor, h i,hum. nity. ,h. grea.e" and most marvel- ous of living bei ng and.hecr.ation mOst ....orthy ofhonorbtforeGod .... Therei.h.re thi.d.liberation.collaboratio" and commun- ionno,bec. u .. bidsaying.ucha .hing!_but.othatthev.ry impa<. of the langu.ge of our creatinn would . howu.honor.SHIlMo"soNG."ESIS'.) .' AaCB"'''' '' " OM lOW ... TOH,"HHR.GRHG_ O .. Y OF NTSSA.: If . herefore. SCTip,ur" ten. us that man was mad,l.st . fter animate 'hing. the lawgiver i. doing nothing elsc ,nan d.d.ringtou. thedorineof ,h oul.con_ .idering that wh .. i'pcrf<:c, COmes laSt, .. quencein ,h. orderofthing . ... Thu.w. may.uppo that nature m.k .. an asctnt'"i,we"by ... p.-lm .. nth .... riou.prop.rti .. nflife- from ,h. low ... o the perfect form. ON THB CRHATtON OF M"N 8.7.' THI C .. ...... ,0N OF HUMaNITT. G'UGORY OF NSSA,Scrip,ureinforms u$thatth.Deity procced.d by a.orl ofg .. du.tedand ordered ad"an<e to ,he creation of man. Af,e, ,h. foun da,ionsofth.universtwerelaid.a.thehistory record$,mandidnotappearonth anh .. once, but th. crc.';on of the brut .. preded him. and th. plants prec.dcd.hem. Thereby Scrip,uro .hows.h.t the vital force.blend.d wi,h.heworldofm""er.<cnrdingtoagrada_ .ion;firJlitinfuudi ... lfin.oinsen..,na,ure; and in conti nuation ofthi. adnnced in.o.h. .. nritn,world:.nd then uc.nd.d to intclligen, and rationalbeing ... Th.creationofm.n i. rd.ted as comi ng las:,.s ofon<: who took up intO hl/nHlf angle form o{lif'.. born mal of planu and tha. wh,cb 1.1 Hen 1ft b ..... u.Hi.
.r obcHcn whcna!imcn, i. being drawn in byth.irro<>u .. H .. Hn,i.n.organi;anonhcdcriycl f'romth. b .... rcuoniloncommunieablc.andapccul ... rgihin ourn .. urc .... I ... notpouibl. for m .. rcason ,ng faculty to.I'"m the lif.tof'he bodywl<h ou'u'."ngbr m<an. ofHn .... "oru ndlLnce nu,ion "aJ,eady found,"blill,ngln ,h. bru ... rurion.ncc ... uil).uHwcr byr .... on ofthilonecondi.i,m.ourJolllh .. wuchwi,h .h. o,h.r thIng. whim arc knit up .... im i".nd h ....... all ,h.,.., phenom.na wi,h,nu. m w.calJp&Uioru.Ot<TH.SoULAHOTHE RUU ..... CT'O".' TH. F .. THU . ... ND TILl So .. C.UTI M ... ".
Thein'piTtdhistorianmlkui,v.r)'cl.ar Th .... carrh. dlwn.h.F.,h.rno,.lon. Nor wi.hou, Ch ... , hil n.,,crullon form.d. Godf .. h,on.dm.n:he .... y .ndg.YC<O him Th. face of God.: Who, bll' ,0 lay rh., he Wu nor alone h" God. .. ood by God'. lid. Wh.n .h. Lord mad. m.n in Image of the Lord!Pou.,..' CH .. ' .TTH. I .... (lB.CU ..... TOfALiU..- o., .. , h. d,vm<\\/or<i.,h.ltghtwhoi. ,hc.,chctJl'C ofligh,.i" gcnuin onofMind[,hcF01h.r]); and.nim.g.of,h.Wo<di. rh., ..... man.that ia. me .. und in nun . ....... on mi. ;l(coun, ,.said 10 h.avt bc.n cna",dinth. imagc ofGodand mhiolik.ne .. :bec'llH.hroughh"undcr ... ndingt.c ... h.i.olftad.likcrhcdiYlneWord or Rca ... nfL"f",J ndlon.icmalfloziWJ. .. 's,o" ... CCO .. D'NGT .. Ou.I .... GK.M .. TO .. , .. US: MOI ..... y.wh .. , "'11 u,d by God: Le, w mu m.on ID Our and lik.n .. :Goduy.,h ... H .... y. l.Il. m.k. ,oa coopcr .. o . necusatil) .oCh"".Andh "y.according.o,h.imag: Thcrfo. em.n ilno h,mageofGod.bll,hci,aetordinglo ,h. ,mage: Fo.J ".alonc i.t hc ,m.g. of God. bu.m .. n .. .. i . ,mag. of .be Image. Su, he uy> accordmg .0 ou.,m .. ge: Thcrdoreborh FarhcrandSon arc onc ,m.g . AG ..... ST .... ' U5 , ..... 0: DUiT' NCT' O"8I<Twu..-I .... GB .... oL,,,. " u,.O. ,o .. "lnrecording,hcfiu,c,.."on of man. MOl e. b.forc all o,h ... .. y'. ... nd God laid. Le. u. mah man ,n OUr own ,mage and Iikcne .. :Thcn he add. .f<trward.,"And God mad. man; In .h. image of GO<! m.d. he hIm; m.k and female mad. he Ihem . nd be bluacd ,h.m: No,,- ,h. fa" ,h ... he 1I,,:Ihe m.d.hlm.n.h.'m.g.ofGod..nd,, .... ilcn' abou h.likcn ... poin .. ",no,h,ng.I but ,hli. ,hat man rcc.iv.d ,h. honor of God' I imageinhilfi .. tcrca,ion. wher.a hcpcrfu ,IOn of God'. lik.n . .. ,, .. rtierv.d fo.h"n a, .he coni"mma,ion. Th. purpo .. of .h .. "'U .h ...... nlhould ... qu,rc"forh,mHJfby hi. ownurnCl fforu to ,m" ... God.Kllh., whil. the poosibili,yofa".iningpcrfCCllon ,,ugw.n.ohim,n.hebeg,nmns rhr<>ugh.h.
honorofthe -,m.g. ; ht,houldin th nd through Ih.accomplilhment of the worlu obull1forhim .. .. : 0" FllSTP."<CIPlU).6.I.' I.UGfi F.llltr M. ICR' VRO. D' .. OOCHU. OF PHOTICE: All m.n ar. made in Go,r. bu, ,ob.in hi. lik.nCII il gronlcd only to thOl.who.h ..... ghg ... ,lov.h.v.brouglu .h."ownfrudom ,n,o.ubjeCllon,oGod.Fof only when wC dono,bclong ' 0 ou ... lv do "'. h.com.like him who 'hrough love has .. c oneil. dlUtoh,mulf.Noonea<h,c"". ,hu "n] ... .. "ad .. hi'lOulno'lobedi. ,ncl.dbyth.faJugli"crof .hulire.OI< Sp'.'TUUPE.,ICT10" ... .' I"Ou. h'AGR.AuGU5T'Nfi: For why Ih.
likcnc ... as " .. hav .... id.,h., man il'pok.n ofu .ftcrou.im'gc:and.oour:[ha,man mlgh' b. an image of ,h. Trini,y. Thi. image i. nOlcqu.alloth.T .. nll) .... . h.SOni ou.. F"hcr.b,,"approach,ngil . asi .... ;'l.,by.ccr uin lik.nCII;a. In d"ng' di.dnel th ... can be c!ouncu. no,howcverinmi.e .. euifa.p' ".1 dOICnu. hUI by ,mita,;on. ON THI T.",, 'TT,.6.!:.- AUGU5 T'NE, NOI.v.rythingtharamongcrca ru ... bu .... om.lik.ne .. [oGodi . righdy call.dhi.im .. g ... b",only,hat,h.n .... hich God alon .. i. mo .. culted. Th.I 11 di .. ctly d .. wn from him. ifho",..,n him .. M .nd il ,h i. n oinl.rpo ... dnanu e.ONTH5 T.,I<. 'TTU.,.S. " AUGUST"'!: For God ,d. Le, \11 mah man of God: It would cenli nly not be COf' rcc,u,.ayou.:becau.u.hcnum!>cri'pl"",l. ifmanw ... madcinlh.imai:.ofoncperoon, whcm.rFather.SonorHolySptril . Bu, becau.uhei,madeinlh.imlgco(lh.Trinity. conl.'1".ndyi'''' .... idino'',ims:Ag.in. le"wcehoo.c 10 believe in mr ... god.s in m. Trinity inc.,htumtTrinity;,on.God.hc hid, -And God mad. m.n in hi. as if h.wcr.[ou)" ";nhi. [own,,;uM[ ,m.g':
WHoSp ....... RV.,l: Th.nfon IctlU hold lha, ,h. Father and m.Son Ind Ihc Holy Sp"" arc by natun on.God;ntithc,i,d .. ,F"m.,.henncwh" " thtSon.north.Sonlh.onewh"i. lhe Fa,h.r. nor me HolrSpiri[lhe on. whoi. m. F.,he. 01" m. Son. For me ha. which lhcG ... Son andme H"JrSp;rit i. "n . ;n which eucnc.m.Flth.rilnolonc,hingand,h. Son. ucond rhins .ndu.. Hol)"Spirit.<iU a mi,dming. aJ,hnughinperoonmeFIu...,. difl"trent .th.Sonlldiffer.nl. andthcHol) Spiri,i. difl" ... nt.AUofmi.i.d.monlt .. ,.d (orulinthtltrong."(uhi,,na,the r)" besinnins of m. Holy Scrip,ure.. wh.n God uy . "Le[u.rnaIr..humanbc"'g"no"rimagc .ndlihn",": \Vhcn. u,inSmeJlngullrn"m
i. on in who .. im.ge the human being wu m.d.,Bu,wh.nh ... Y"u .. inth.plu .. l. h. ohow. ,ha, u.. ... ry ... me God In whole im.g. Ih. human beinS wo, made i. nOl on. in per .. ofFaLher.Son and Holy Spiril.ht.ewer. On. pcr,,,n.-.o",>r 'nou.' mag ndlihn . .. :.lLltlelu ... h,,"' . evcr.It i. saidAnd God mod. m.n in ,h.
image: Nor would he said-le' U5 mah" bu'"lshallmake:lfinr'Calityin'hose'hru po<son. mru,uh5tanceo werctohc undcr.
havcbecn n id;rathcr,"toourimages-;for therccould not be onc imageofthrce unequal narur ... Butwhilc thc hum.nbeingi' l.idto be made according 10 the onc imagc of thc one God,.hedivinityofthcHolyTrinityinonc u.ocncci.announocd.Thcnand l hordythcrc aftor. in pl.cc of what he had .. id abovc, "Let u. make human hcing. in Our image .nd likc nc,,:ScriptUrc thU"Oldofthcmakingofthc human beinghy .aying."And God crcatod humankind in hio image: in the im.ge of God hc" .... :dthem: ToPETIIRONTHBFA,THS, "
IBLBWOIIU.)U"AIIUS: )nprcvioU$timu man. i.i."ue.wu .... idtoh.vehecnm.d. ocrording ro th. imagc of God. hut he wu not r<vcal.d a uch. Fur thc Word according 10 who .. image man " . mad. "' .. l lill invisihle Th.rdore also man euil)'lo", .h.liken.". Bu. when thc Word of God wa. mad. f1e.h. he cOn firmedhothim.gcandlikcnc1-5.Foronth.on handh. rrulY l howedthcimag.hy becoming wh.,hi. imag." ... Onth.othcthandh. firml yu,ahlishcdthelikencs.hythccoa.ssimi. lation ofm.n loth. invi$ihlc Fathcr through rhcvi.ihlc Word.AG..,,,n Hi USllss.,6.:. " 0 .. OR.GI": Wc do not under " and. howevcr. thi o m.nindccdwhomScrip urcsayo w .. madc lCcording.o.heimagcof God".ohc rorpotcal. Fur ,hc form of ,he bod)'doc$ nOt contain ,he Imag.ofGod,nor is ,hc.orporeal said to h.-mad,hu, for mcd, .. i,.,.,ri"cn in ,he words ,h .. fol 10 .... For th, tnt <ay . "And God formed man: 31 thuiof.ohioncd."fromthc . limeof th. cartb: U Bu,i,ioour inner man. invisibl incorporeal.incorrup,;hleandirnmortal. tbat is mad. "accordingto thc imagc of God: For it ilin.uchqualiri .... 'hcs. thatth. image of Godil morcrorrutlyundustood.Butifany one l uppo,.s thatthi,manwho i,mad. "a.cording,o,h.imag ndlikcn ... ofGod" iim.dcofflcoh.h .... illappcartorepreo.nt God him.clf .. mad. offl h and in human form. It i, moll d.arly impiou. to think this ab<>ut God. ,.". "
CASSIAN: Placing him in ,he mid., of all ,h. hro,hen,h. inquir<d .. '0 ho,," ,he Catholi . church .. ,hroughou, rhe East in,ctpreted wha, i.said in Genuk- Let uS make man aordingtoourimag. andlikcnc .. : Th.nhc ... ofGod wutr'Ca .. dhyaUth. hcad50f ,hechurrhc, no! according to oound of,helc"e, but;n a.p;rirual ,,ar.and he proved ,hi' ''' ith a long di.cour .. and many.xampl from Scrip.urc.ohowing,ha,no,hingof this.ort could be th. asc wi,h that immeaourahl nd incomprchcnoible .ndinvi.ihl.majesry_ th., it could hccircumicr ih.d in a humanform andlik.neol,tharindeed a narur.,hatw", incoq><>rcal anduncompo dand.impl.could bcapprchcndcdhythccycorsci%cdh)"hc
ANO MUAPHOBS PH' CB,"lIo IH THII Pow .. ; Of THB M,ND AMBROSE:Bu,letu, definemo .. arCllratcl r ,he meaningof,h.phr ... to the imagc of God."billrll.lhlllh.fluhi,mad. "corh. ,mag.ofGod"llnchafcaoe ... fh ...,canh,n God. &i nc. fl ....... of urtM b God corpor.al. rhari "Ia) ..... al::andlubj."lik.ch.f1uh t"th.pu.i"nIIP.rh"pilh.hud may"ecm ro you r" made in rh. like ne" of God ... cthey ob lh.qlleollonofh.,ght.u ..... 'ocon,id.rollr. ,clv .. _.owC<.J..d. ovcr ,h "M Ar ...., nO. uhamd '0 be ,hollghtofu lik.toGodm .. w. .rt tall .. rhan .. rp.n .. oroth .. ""pIng c ... furcl o,e y enrhandccr hccporwolve.11n Ih.t po:cr. how much uJI ...... I.ph.n .. ... dClm.I,ln(ompali"" ..... ,thllsiS'ghtll ,mpo.unltou. ,no,dcrc".nablcullo b.hold Ihe thIngs of the wo.ld.nd,o h.v. knowl.dgcoiwha.i.noltcpo".dby.n)'pcr. Ion but IS grupo:d by our tcnSC ofl1ght . H",, I1gnificant, In f.ct,ii Ihi .p<t w ofl1ghli Bcc.u ofllw.m'ybc l aid,ohavcthelik. n.uof God . ... hosce ll.oblC." ... ll ,.om prch.ndsouth,dd.n.mouo .... ndlCarch.1 ,nlo.h.sccrcuofourh .. ".!Amlnot uhamcdtoadmi'lhat it i. not in mrpow ,o ... putlofmy bodyl\Vh .... infrontofm.I n_.butl.munal>lctouewh.llJbeh,nd me. ! h.vc no v'ew of my ncck 0. ofth.back ofmyh d,.ndlcannol .. emyloin . lnlih manner .... h ...... ili.ou' n .. ofh .. 'ingif _un .. o.c"hcr",.o,hca, ... har,.only' .ho"d" .. nulw.yllf .... ll hould,n .. rv.n bo,h lighl and huringar. Impcdcd.Fu"h ... morc.ou.bo<!i.larcfind.nd.nd",.dinl ... ,""'.p .... ... h ...... ll ... ild Inim.b ha" .... ,d., .. ng .... d hol .. ..;ft .. th.nm ... , Thcfle.h.rhc .. forc .oannotb.madc,olhe Image ofG"d. Thi . i. 1111., how.ver, of our loub.wh,ch arefne 1o ,,andu far.nd ""de are.bletoenvi"g ndrcllc(1on.ll.hing'. W. who ar. now in I .. Jy hlv, in mind .. ha, ... m"opcrtaln.oaff.in;nth.Eu.o,;nlhe W.n. Wc .. em.o h.ve dealing. with m.n who dweU in p., .. ia,We.nvi.ion mo who hav. the;rhom .. in Afric ifm.rc happo:n '0 .. ..-honlJo)'th.h(llpl t11i,y of ,hll land. W ompa .. y.he.epco plton .hei,d'partllrc andd .. ",nearloth.m rcone"'ichth.m ,nrhe".bs.n . Thol.whoarclCp ..... dfl1 fromu.engag.u"ncon"crullon.W rollu Ih.d.ade.enlomllfual in.uchangeof moughuandc ... b,aceth.muiftheywerc .,il]liv, .. g.We .... nltomcpolnlo(conr ... " .. gonlhcscpeopl.,h.uug ndCIIstom, OfOllrd.ilrlif . ThIl . h .. .ro,c., . madeIO ,he imag. of God that i. pcrcCI".d not br th. powcrofthebodybu.by.ha.of .h.mlnd.h lith.'powct,hllbchold.,h lucnt.nd embr,ccl iniu.i"oncountrit. b.yond rh. horizon. I .. vilion cro .... bollnd .. ri nd gucl Inrcntiy on what .. h,dd.n. In on. mom.nl . heutmOllboundlof,h .... orld.nd ill 'emOte lccrcl p!acc, are und.r i" ken. God i.att.ined . nd Ch,i"i"ppt<.ach.d.Th .. ci. d.Ken"nloh.ll . ndalof<,nme.ky.h ... i ... uc:enfin'oh .. ven.H .... thcn .... ha'SC"p .lIrcuy.:Blllou,d,i"" ... hipi.inheaven:h no h.t h ... forc.in which God il 'v", plucn. made to th. likenca of God! Listcn.o whll.h'.po.tleuy.infhllrcgard:"W U. ,h .. dorc. withflCe.unvcil.d, .. f1ccllngu,n mir''''lh. glo'r of God. arc bcing ... n rorm.di .. tohi,.cryim'g.rromglory.o glor),ao through fh. Spiri.ofme Lord:" Hu:" .. 'noI<6.1 ... .s,. Inact.of .. notllon.ndofcounICLOII'"Ouls HU,.. .... ,Tr R.CBIVn L, B ..... I To GOD IT 8 . co .. " .G" L,VI NG S .. C; CI.S .. HDQ .... : The.t ar h. v,,'u" .hat man "ct"iru by conoicluinganclcontroUinghi.own .enoeo. H. take. off .ht old man. who w.a corrup.ecl In rbcconvolutions of hi I cno.:"""ancl wuro .h.newunc.whoi.r<n.wcclinknowing.bc imagcofbi.CTC or:".nclh.\)(com ...... ... hole.ncffi,,.lilr.cne ... nclim.gcofhi.God. Lik h .. mg ... crific . ui blc.ndpl ..... ,ng ... God,h mploy, hi.bod)"fo,h,,'."onoJu, vice. Hec .. n cn,e. ancl o .. meh"wp,c.cnu ... Goclrhe .... w. ancl ,htoffelmg. ofaUh;lli mb nclofl"el"h.,.clificu.ui bl.fo.,h.ac.i .. n .. fgr.c.,whichar h.ranonoJfruiuof.h. hp. ofrh ........ hoconf .... hi. n.m. b)";oc",' ... ndy celebraung God in.hetr body.ncl50ul. God.owh .. mrhey\)(longno ... ,ncl.finni ... obl."on . Of Pn CT.o,: )" H ." T .. " h . .. GMG,vn"THBL, ""N .. ITo Sm F"uu CHOUN. GIlRGORY 0' Nyss .. : "Let u' m.k. man in ou, imag . frc, ou. liktneu: We pouua .he On. by " .. mm; w '!u;..., ,heorherbyf...,ewil!.ln.hefirltltrunureir IIgovenu obebornin.heim.gcofGod;b) f,.e ... m.h ...,i.form.c1;nul.h.beiftgift.h. lik.n .... ofGod .... L<'u' m.k.m.nino .. ' Im.g.:L<.himpo ..... brc..., ionwh.t;l;n rheim.g.,burl.rhim.loobecom cco,ding ,o.h.liken .... God hal gi ... n ,he pow.r fo. ,hi . lfbc had crca .. c1 you.l,o in ,h. liken .... whe would your p.i .. ilege bel \Vby havc you beencrown.c1!Anclif.h.Creuorhaclgi vcn you every.hing..how wo .. ld.h. kingdom of hu ... nh .... optncclfo.you!Su, "i.proptr dutoncpa be.nlcfllncompl ... :.hili' lOlhaly<>u migh, comple.ti.youuelfandmigh.bewo .. h),of .h. rew c1 ,,hick C .. mU flom God. 0" THE 011.1(;'''0' M .... :." T Ha Hu .... " SOOf .. PHn' C"L E.,TO .. . O. TH. T .. . HITY.POT ..... u$0.L.5 110"", lno.c1e. thattheuni.yiuel(of , ht,hrtefoldm.jury and imprin houldtncountcr ou.undcr .. ancling.,h.invi.ibl.maj ... yi df .... ulo: "le,u.mahm.ninourimagt.ndacc ... ding .0 0 .. , likon .... :Look! He hu demon.rra .. d ..h ...... beli.v . Godhucng .... cdh" imag on ,h, foc,ofthe human and hu u. ld"ln 0 ... Image." The knowl.dgt of F .. h.r and Son Il Imp.eu cclupon.h.faceofman:.ncl,h,,,,,)" fUtll'Cl of h .. fa ... br munaof.he day b) whi ch we arc formed . vul.d In th. numan o.iginal m odclbow.heFa.her . ... c1.hcSon were, 'o that man could aclmir. God in man
H U .... NIUNDUFuISH .. HDS ... 'T.G.KG ou O. N .. ZI4NZUS: ThIS w., .o .how ,ha. he couldc.llin,obeingno,on1I'anaru,eakIRro him.dfbu l ... on"ahog",hc,ali.n, .. him Fo.akin.oDc"yarc,bolenaturel whicha .. m llc"ualanclonly.obecomprchtncl.c1b)" mind;b .. ,allofwhich noecan.akecognl :.an .... e .. n.rly ah.nto; . nclofrhcsc.h. fu .. he" .. mov.c1fromi' .... U.h....,wh,ch .."tnll.dy cle,,;.u o(50ulanclpowc.of Mincl . h.n.andstn .. _.bul dilllnguilhed from .ach o.h.-h.c1 remained wi.h,n rh .. , ownbound .. ieoandborcin.h.m lve h. magnificcnceof lh.Crcllor'\),'orcl . ilcn. pr ....... ndlhrillingh.ralcllof hllmlgh.y work. No.yc ... .. rhe ... ny mlnghngofboth. nor any mi""u .. ofth",. oppome ok.n. of a g,clter w"c1om and gentro,,1)' in.h" c ."onofna.u.cl:nOful"'".!crc.htwnol. richu of g<>OdllUJ kllowII. Now .he CreatorWord. determining 10 uhibi' this and lOproduc. of bo,h {.hein"i,ibleand ,he "iliblccr ... ,ion. I mun) fashions man, and .alting a body from alrudy uittingm .. ,.t. and pllcingin i br.ath u.k.n r.om himulf {which the Word kn .... 10 bc an ,ntelhg<:nt.oul and th. imlg. or God), as .. lO"ofucond ... oridg .... I.nhnl. n .... h.pl .. cedh,mon.h .... "h-a n ... .ngol . mingl.dworJhipe,initi ... dfully info .h.yilibl.e.u .. onbllfonlYP"nilllyin.olh. in llcc."al,k,ngo{.lIonunhbu.lllb}cct.o .ho King .. boy.:urthly and huycnly: mpo r.llndy<:,immon .. I:Yllibl ndy n .. ll.e '"II: halfwarbclwe.ngru.nul.ndlowli nu.,;i n onc p lOn combining Jpirit and f1uh. Spirttbcealllcoftheflyorbcllo .... donhim. f1uhon .. uolln,o{.h.h.igh owh,doh.had bc.nnoi..,d;.h.on ha.he.",ghtcon.inll"o Iov nd glorify hi. bcnefac.tor.th.o,hcrtha, h.mighf.uff.r .. ndbyauff.ringb.pulin rcm.mbr .. ncc, .. ndbccor .. ".difh.bcc1m. p,olldinhllg .... n ... ; .. Ii .. ingcr .. 'ur . rainedher<:.nd.h.nmov.d.locwh ... ,.nd .o.ompl.tc the my""y. mad. godly by i .. inclination 10 God. OUT'ONON E .. s T .. 6-,." THE h ..... >; o p GOD I ... PH .... n.GuGono.Nnu: Godc .. at ... man for noo,h.r , ... on than th Godi. good; Ind bc,ng'llcn. lnd hning,hi ... hi. rUlOn fo,en,c"ngupon the c ... uon of 011. natllr<:.h .... Ollldno, .. hibi h.po ..... of.hi. ,oodn ... in an ,mperf." r",m, gi ... ing 0,,, na,u .. l om.on. "r,h. Ihingl a. hi l di'p" l .ndgrudg,nglfalha,.in.n",h.r:but.h. p".f."ro..mofgoodn ... " h .... obc . .. nby h,"bo.hbTlng,ngmln,nlobc,ngfromnoth ... "hal1g00dgifu SII,aince Ih. 1;11 or individual ,oodgif,,;, . longon . i.ilou.ofth.qll ... i"nloapp .. ' h.ndi,nllm.rically.Th.langll.lgcofScrip' rur h ... r" .. up" ..... i,cont"dyb)'1 compreh.nll". ph.lU, in oaying Ihl. man w", mod.-i n Ihc image of G<><I; ro,.his 11 ,he um ... ,ooaylhlth.m.d.humannot" rc panicipan.in aIJgood; fo.i{.hoDei,yi hc fuIJn."ofgood.lndthisi.hi mlg . tb.n ,h.imag.find.i .. r .. emblanct.o,h.lrch
C.UTtOOl0' M .. t<.6.,O.1O O.FIN.TION O. TM' hUG,. G con OF Nns..: Lc,w.dd,hlt [man',[cr<:l"on in,h. imag.of.h.nl.ur.thotg" rnlalld.m"n ....... p .. cilclJ.h., h.h .. fr"m Ih.bcgin "inga royal nao\lr . FoIJ<>wiflg common lI .. g pa;nt.n"rportnoitaofprinc ..... w.U .... p r .. en,ing . h.ir { .... ur . up ..... hcir.oyal digni'ybygltm.n .. ofpurpl . lndbcfor.,h" image On' is.CCII .. omed,o ' 'y,h. king: Thuoh"m.nnl'u' . cr ..... d,orul.,h.w",ld bec.u.uofhi o.mblanccroth.uniycr .. 1 King.h .. bc.nmod.lil<.al,vingimaSClha. parrkipl1 .. in.h.afChcrypebydigni'J.ndby nlm . H. i. no,do. h.dinpllrpl ..... p .. t.nd dildem.fo,.h.Kdono,"ignifyhi. digni.y (.he Irch.'YP" himKlf d<>u nOt poue .. ,h.m).But'npl .... ofpurpl h.i.d".h.d wi,hvir", . h.m" .. rojalofgarm.nu In .... dofa ... p .. r,h.i ndow.dwilh bl ..... dimmoruH.y.ln ..... do{ar"yaldil d.m.h.bcano.hccrownofj us"cc.in.ucha wlyml ..... ry.hingabou.h,mmanif .... roraldigflit).b)' hi uc.liken.lI ,o.h. b.,u'Jof.he .. che'ype.OOlTHt:CUATIOJ< 0' M .. " . " 1", .. D .. MASCtlS Sine. ,his ;, ,0. God c.ut. d man ou, ofvi.i bl nd inv;.ibl. natu,"" wi,h hi. OWn hand. 3Ccording.o the imag. and liken.u, forming th.bo<lyfromth.ea,th and.hrough hi. own br .. thingupon it gi ving i.a ra.ional and in .. :l lectual .oul,which w. call ,h. divine image. Th which i. according to the image" i, man if .. t in the intellect and fr wil!.Tha. which i..aording.o the lik.n .... i. manif.>t in uchlikeneuinvirtue:uispollible.OaTHo. DOX h ITH I", .. " m op CO ........ D. CH"YSOSTO"': Som. o.h.rS base them.elves on our arguments by .1I.rting.h Go<I po .. e .... an image in com monwi.hus.buttheydonotunde .. undcor rectlywha.ha.beennid.Wedidno.speak about . nimag.ofbeingb".about.nimageof command, U w. will uplain bdow. In facr. as a proof that divinity Ilu nO Iluman form. li. .. n.o l'aUl"1 words:'But fo' a man it i. nOt rigllttohavehi.lleadcover.d, l incell.i,th. image.nd gloryofGo<I;butwomani.th. glory of man .. .. Thi. i. why- he "Y'-"she mu" w", a veil on h head"" And in rru.h. in this panag. Ile Ila..< called"imag." ,hi. absenceofdifl"erence of form with regard ' 0 God . ndman is called imageofGodbecau$e God al.o po ..... cs ,hi. figure: in.h.iropin ion,lherefore, it.hould no ..., uid tha, man only;' the image of God but ,h. wOman as well. For man and woman han;n COmmOn a ingl.figure, charae,o:rand resemblance. Why then i. man called imag. ofGod.,while.he wom.n i. noc: Becau$C Pa.,l does nOt mean the im.ge appearing in the form but Ihe image concerning the command,which "''''given to man, not "oman. Man in fact i ubject '0 nO creature. while woman i ubj.ct to man, according '0 God', wordo:"Your movement
you:" Thi. i. why man is Ihe image of God He has no cr .. rure over him. and therei. nobody over God;he rule. onevery,hing. Woman.on.heotherhand. i. rhegloryof man.becau.e,hei "bje".om.n.SBRMONS O",GfiNEStS,." 1:27 Mal. Fcmalt Crtaud in God', Imag BOTH )\.1..", .. ,.D Wo .... '" '''' Goo's I"'''''B. GaEGoayo.NysSA:L .. th .. eupre .. ions.W halldi.cover,hio: what is in .h. image;. on. ,hing. wha, we .u nOw in ourunhappin . .. i. another."God mad. man; say. Scrip'ure. 'He mad. him;n the image of God: On. who i. mad. in ,he image of God has the taskofb.comingwhohe is. Then Scripture,ak .. up.he account of err ationand .. ys."Godm.d.,hemmalrand f.mal. :Everyon.ekno ..... l.hlnk.thatthi aspecti.exdudedfrom,hearch etype:ln ChristJe.us."a<,heapo .. lesars. ,h .. ri.n.i Iher male no, fem.le '-" And ret Scrip.ure affirm. Ihat man ha. been divided .exuall). Thus .hecreationofournaturemu .. in.ome ""Y have beendoubl. : ,hat which renders us lik.Godand,hatwhich .... blish .. ,hrd,vi .ion ofth u ... And mdeed such an inter pre,ationis. ugge"edby thevery orderofth. accoun,.Scrip,ur'''y,in rhe firstpiace,"God m.de man; in the image of God, h. mad. him: Only after Iha, i.;: add. d , "He mad them mal. and female; a di,i.ion foreign to ,h. divineattribu .... O"'THB Cn .. TION o. M .. ",,6." "Fc)7,;t)4)S. -IC .. <lh7. -ICor""'- "Gm)" .... S4,S89,"G.Il028-"NPt>lFlI_' ,I< AD ...... T H u C"UT' D'" EPH ..... SY .. ' .. N: Mm", id. "Male and f.mol. h. '0 make known that wu aJ...,adr Adom. in th. rib that was drown DU' from him. AI'hough Ih. wu not in hi. mind I h.w .. .. no.onlyin h,.hodrwi.hhimbu.al ... in ... uJand'piri. wothh,m.fOTGododdedno.h,ng,o.ha,rib th .. ht,oo!<ou,u.'p heurunu .. ondth. adornment.lfutrythingthat,,a ui.ablefor E who cam. to bt from the rib. ,,'al COm ple.e in and from thalrib.it " "ghtiy..,id .h "maJ. and f.maJe h. c .. ",od ,h.m: eo .. "'NTAU GaNISls J) .. ODVCT,V.CoNcollo BBTwU NMALE AND F ..... u.. O .. '(; .N: Ou"nnu man con .II<1of.p"i, and.ouJ.Th p,," ...... idtobt m.I<;,h .... ulc.nbtcall.df.mal . lfth ... h .... <onm,d and .greem.n, bt,wun .h.m n l .... thej' incru nd m'ultiply b)' ,h. vcr)' . uo,damong.h.m .. lv ... ndlhrprodua ....... good,nchn."onlndundenlanding.'1T uiefuJlhoughll.bywhichlheyfill,h.ur'lh nd h domin,on over it. HO"'L"'Ol< GINn,Sl.tS" ANT,c ,p"T' N" HD .... '" R.P .. ODUCT' Ol< T ... ou""TN,UN,o",oFM .. u .. No .. em'lob.woTlh 'nquiringin.hip .... seho,,,.ceordi nglo ,h. lelter. wh.n ,he woman wu no. ye. made h. Sc"p.ure.ayo."Male and female h. mad. ,hem," Perhap u I.h,nk." i. btcau of,h.ble .. ingwi'hwh,chh.bJ .... d ,h.muying."lncr.u. and multiply and All ,he .. nh'"" An.icipatingwho,,..a o b . h. le'" say "M.I nd f. mal. h. mad h.m," ., ncemd ... dmancould no,o.h w". ,n" ..... ndmul"pll'uc.p:,.."h,h.f ..... I . Therefort.lhatthertmightb.nodoub. abourhi. bleu'ngtha,i.,ocome.,heru, say "Male h. mad h.m," For ill .hil mannerrnall.ueingtheconlequenccof ,ncr ... ingand mu\tiplyingro be from th. fac, .hatlhef.m.lt wa.joi nedrohim.could chuilha mortcertainhopeinth.divi n. blcuillg. For if,h.Scrip,ure hid sa,d. "Increuc.ndmuJ.ipl)'a"dfill.hcurthand ho dom'nionovcri, ," no,add,ng.h ... "Male and h. m.d hem," doubtl ... h.wouldhlvedi,btliued,h.divin.bl . ... ing.Ho .. 'll uoNG.IIU'SI., . " " l ...... . .. NDt''' ....... M .. LlI .. .... LI. Gal(;O" YOfNyss..:I ,hinkthllby,h ... andlofty doctf;ne. and.h.doctrtn. i h". \VhilclWOnlluru-lh.d,.;n.,nd,ncorpo-
a ... epara .. dfrom ... ho.h"' ..... tr<:m . human naturc i h. mean buwc<:n.h.m. For in the compound natur<of man w. m.y bthold.pa ... of.",hoflhenuurulhav m"n.inned-ofthe divine he .. toonal and in Uigentelem.nt,whichdoel no,admi"h di .. inctiono(mal ndf.mlle:of.h.irn,io. nal.ollrhodily(orm.ndluuctllcc.d'v,dod ,n.o mal. and femal.-for each of.hue el m.nui.cc .... 'nlylobtfollnd,n.lllhalpar .. k". of humin lifc.Th .. rhe in .. llectual .I. ment. nowevcr. p.ec.de. the othcr w. learn .. from on. ",hog,ve. in order an accoun, of Ihe making of mln; and wc learn al ... ,h .. hll commun''Yondk,,,drodwim thc ".ationaJis for man a proviloon fot .. productlon .... H. form.dfotourno,ur h""ontr;".nc"for incru whichbtfi .. . ho.<whoh,dfaJl.n inu ... n. impbntinginmankind,'nltwoflhe angd' C maje,ty of naru.c. thal ammal and I.radonal mod. oy which they now , ... ,uN onc anolh . 0.. CRUTION Of MM" ,6.'-9; 11-4." T,,. FA .... PUle.oBD COHA.'TAT' ON. CHU. 10iTO .. , Conoid .. when ,hil haPJH'ned. Aner ,he .. dl ... .. ,heirlo"of th.Jar den.,hcn i,wu ,ha, ,h. p.u,iuofin'u .. ,h.ir d,oobed,ence .hey followed a life like dll'of .hcang.b. and.h .. e ,,unomen,ionofi n'e, counc. Ho,, could ,here oc when ,hcy w"'c no"ubject to the need. of the So a. the
virginity wuinforcc.bu .... hen,hroughtheir indilf",.nccd"obcdicncccamconthc Kcnc and.hc way.of.in wcrcopcncd.vorginity .ooki uluvcfo. ,h ... u<>n.hu,hcy had proved unworthy of.uch a degr.cofgood thingl,andinluplacc,hcpraniofon,cr eourae,ooltoyc,fo,thcfuturc.Ho .. ,UI.50N GINu,s,l.n." 1:28 HUMAN P ROCREATION AND LORDSHIP OVER C R EAT ION ll"nd God /tlcurd 11,.,,,. and God loid II' 11..,,, . "Sc / ruil/>l1 a"d m>lllipl" And flU Ihr rarth andJ>l.bdwr il;andha"cdomi,,;on ovcr thrjiJh o/lhr .. a and.wcrlh. /ti.d. o/thr" .. anJ lIving Ihing ILal movu upon ILt .",,1.." OVU.VIIIW: The ,n,reue of .he hum.n race poftdproblcml fo. ,heFatheu.Gclleully the), .ffi,medtha,thec<>mnu.ndto in"eau
fall. when human rcproduCfion would ha ... ,akcnplu.bysomemeanootherthan th,<>ugbluualintcre<>u,n(AUGIISTII<E., M.u ,,,,us THiCoNFESSOII.). for ,hcyscnenlly
in.cndcdtoformav;rginalcouplc.Augu .. ine. howcvcr.camctothev,.,,.ha,.uualdiffe, entlatlon and ,uual uni<>n wc .. plrt of God, original plan.eventh<>ugh.he fall in.crvcned The eXOent <>fhuman au,hori,y <>vcrthc anj mab "u a I;gn of God , love for humanlt) (CltIlY50Sro .. ). However. thll powe, "u 101< an .. ,hc .;n(AuGusn ... ). MaJe and femal. arc commanckd ' 0 ;ncrun and multiply OOHN OF O"' ... Uc:IIS) . Therc"nodcprecia"ono{marr,aSCln,h. patron, m.nprct.ation of Gcnw. 1:211 (Gall(;. oay 0' NySu). kind. of ;ncrcal. mu" be dillinguil hed: ofbod)" and of.oul Since ou,humani' r panakuo(,he.nimal GP.Hu,s ':J.I (G ... GO"V Of !'<YS54), W<t art '0 gain con,roI Oyer irrational alpen. of OUf' (B"SIL).Alt hough oexual the upub,on from paradi ... l uffi
.. ,. in ,he nUrfll.eof children (A"""ST,,,,.j. Two K, ,,,oi OF l "'c ..... ".G ... OOUOf NUSA:Th.'" a.e r...., way. to;ncr ..... ' in rh. body and in the l oul . Th. 10111 inc.u ... byedllcation,prog",u,ng ,o"'ard completion; rh. bodl' ,ncr.asu (by gro"'ing) from .mall ro large. H. ,old,thc fon, ,hc nnltl ani. malo ' 0 inc", .... by ,h.deye!opm.nt of,he body. Bu o 11. h ..... idlI\c"'a .. in th. inn.r pe'JOn along "'"yo ",hlCh Lcod.o", .. d God. Thi,waowhatPauldid,inhi lfl rc"hingou, ,owardwha,layahcad.ndfo.gcmng .. hatli. behind. ' Th'$ io godly ,n .. 0 ... THE 0 .. , .. ,"'0' M ..... ! No O .... IC' .. VIO .. OF M ...... , .. o . G ... ,.O"y or Nnu:Le,noon h,nk.ha,wed.prcci at. marri.s.ao an inlri,",ion. W r.w.n .. " ha,,,i.nota.,,ang ,oGod. bJ .... 'ng .... B .. ,our, ... ofm.o" ... g .... hio,that whilcrh.purounofhuvcnlyth,ng houldbe a manofi,.,corc.y.'ifhecan ... t .hcadvan. tag .. of marriagc with oob.i.tyand modcra pioe'hi.wayof"",ins O"VI.,.'NITV8. ' "INC. IlAU .. NDMIILTI PL ... R ...... TDTH. 1'."' 00 ... S'I<.AIIGU$T'N""Onei. compl .. Ihould undernandth ... n,onofmaLc and f.m.J.bcforclin.aowellao.h.bL ... ing.hll oa.dln ... ",. andmllluply,andg.neratcand fill th. nrth: Should w . .. ndcmandi.in .. phyoicalmanncro.opiflluaUy,Fo ...,arc pcrmi"ed,ounde .. ,andit'pinruaJlyand.o bclicv(fhat;t ... .. lf(cun. diryaft.r.in.Forrh.rcwufirltrhe,hu.e unionofmalcandf.male. of.heformcr,o .111., oflh. Iattcr.oobcy, and.h.'" ,,u.h opiritualoff,pflngofin,clhgibleand,mmo. taljoy.filLing.hecanh, th., il. g;ving lif. ' 0 th.body andruJingn.Tha,il. manJOheld !thcbod,].ubjltb",heupericn,edfrom it nO oppo.i . ionor.rouble.We.hould b .. li ..... h i ..... uthil way,.in .. . hey wcr. no.ye.childrenofthilworldbdorc.hey . inned. Fo. the children oflhioworldgcner atc and a. e gen.ratcd,u.he l..ord UYI . when he.howl lhuw.lho .. thilcarnalgcnerallonincompa"oonwnh.h. fururcliferhatilpromi d,o ... ,Two
' CH ..... NS W H n H C H .... T O" ... CO .... TUB Or", . 1. 01< BaTwuH M .. u .. ND F ..... u . M .. x, 1I .. us THBCONPUSOa: l"ddbcins inhimnJf .heun,v.ru!un,onofall,!Chrilt] h ... llan.d wirhou'{luuaI Jdivi.ionandbccom.th. pe.f.c, humanbc,nS, huingf.orn .... onollt accoun, and in acCotd..a" cc wlthollt na,urc. .v.rythinstha'w ...... nd lack.ngnoth,ng. no need Oflh. naturalint ... ou.lCofmarriag ln.hiowayh. ohowitd, l.hink,.hatrhe"w;llpcmapo anoth .. ",a).fo.el<nown.o God. for human bcingl,oincrca .. ,if ,h.fi ... human bcinS had kcp' th.commandmen, and not cu,him sclfdown,oananinuJ.u.tbrabusinshll own prope, powe". Th ... God. mad. ... an hu dOlltaway wi,hlh.difi'e n.eandd,y,"ionof '1'IIiI.I<l).'GN(ls46-f7. 'NPNFlI,ISHI. 'FC",TI.1L 'Hoi> .. L). naOJI'fc'nromalcandkmalc .... hichhum .. n n.OJrc'nno ..... .. tion.u ... ouldper hap. h .... Men pOSlil>1e. TIU4' ! AD ........ 0 EVil .. SIIJ: U .. l B olIlI THIF .. LL.Au(lUST, ... olfonelhouldllk ... hy It WU nccu ..... r th .. t .. helper l>c made for man h ... nl .... cr.h ..... elnlmoltprol>.l>I.i. .h.tlt .. .. .. , the il" .he pro ducuon of .. plan. from the union of.he rwo, Thil purpo.e w15 d.dared in .h. original cr. ".,on of Ih. worldo"M .. le Ind fem .. l. he mad hem. And God blas.d them .nd ..,id. Jncrcu ... ndmul.iplyandfiU.hcc .... hand .ubdllelt:"Thi.realOnfor cnuionllnd unIon ofm .. le and femalc .... wcll .... hi. t.1 ..... tng . .. ... no,al>tog .. ted .. ftcr th. "n.nd pun .. hm.ntofm .. n.lti. l>y .. irtu.ofrhi.l>leOling rh .. ,hc .. rrh is nowfill.d with humlnl>e;ng. ..... olul>duci . Althoughit ....... f ... , ... upllllion of the m .. n and wom.n from par ... dl ......... thcyc .. m og hcrin.ulI .. lintcr rou" ndMgotchild .. n, .. ccordingto SC"ptur . nncrthc!e ... ldonor .......... . could h ..... prohil>it.d them from h.onor .. l>Ic nup" .. Junionand"thel>cdundcfil.d"' .v.nin p .... di.c.God could h.v.granted them lhi. if thcyhadlivcdin.fai,hflllandjuumanncrin obcdicnlandholY,"T'V'cctohim . o.h .. , wlt"ou,,"etumultuOIlI.rdorofp.uion .. nd wllhou, .. nylal>o ... ndpainof c .. lldl>i .. h.of{. .prlng ... ouldl>cl>ornfromthcir.d. ln'''i. cI.$C.thcpurpo.cwould noll>cloh.vcchil. dr.nlucucdingparcnuwhod,.. R .. lhcr tho" ,,hoh.d t.cgo,tenchildren "'ould rcmlin ln.heprimcoflife . ndwouldmlin. u,nth.orphy&icaJur.ngthfromth.t eof Ilfcthuh .. dl>c .. npl .. n.cdinparadl".Thol" ... howouldl>cl>orn would devtlop,(>theum. .. a .. and ewenll1 .. 11,. w".n ,h. dctcrmlncd numl>cr ... ouldMcompICle,ifaIlHwejll"and ol>.di.n,liwU,thu .. wouldl>c.rran.(orm .. ,ion.ThIl.wi.houtanrdu,hrheirnatllr .. l I>odi wouldrcc.iv ... n ...... quality.inc he)' obcycdcnrycornmandofthe,plritthatrulcd th .. rn.Wi,hth ... pi.i."loneivifying .... rn, wi.hou ... nyhclpfromrorpor ... lnouruh mcnt,.hcywouldl>cc"n.dlp",ru .. lho,h ... Thu could hu.l>ccn if.h. ,,"nlgn.IIDn of God.comm.ndhadnotm.rit.d th'pun,,", mcn,ofdu,h.O"THaL'TfiRAL IHTUPUTA TIQNO.G1NU'S9+S6.' TH. NUPT''' L BUUU"G RII .. "' ... " AFTU. SIN A .... .. 1I.0.AuGusTl .. F ... l>c " ,hen from .... thecouple.h wcr. p]uNlnp .. r.d, .. wouldhuer,.lfincd throughthi .luSl .which,hlmcd,h.mln, o covering.ho.eorg.n.,th . ... ord. pronounccd l>y GocI in hi. l>1.uing:"lncrc .. " and mulripl l Indfill,hcurth:Fori. waoonl)'.ftcrman .inncd.luthi. JuJlarole;i.wuaircrman linn.dlhathi.n .. rurall>cing. ...... 'nlngth. len .. oflh .. mcl>u.losing'h .. tdomln .. which.hl>ody"u.,,l>jcctlncvcrypart , fe!: ..ndno.iccd ..... nl>huhcdll and conc ... l.d thltlult .The nupti .. ll>lc int;.howeve., whercb, .hepait,join.dinmarriagt, w.rcto incrclle .. ndmultiplr .. ndfillth .... rth. rcm .. in.d m force ev.n ... he" .hc), SInned, .. ir .. ... g'ycnl>cforc .... cy."'nec!., forlupur . po ........ om .. kci.d ... r.ha'thepn><:rc .... on of children "a p"rlOflh. glory o(marriage Indno.ofth'pun"hmcntof"n.C'TYOP GOD,..1I,' G .. " .... ODO .. , .. ,O .. OV TH' 8 .... TS W'THIN. GUGOn OF Nnu: "You will .ul . ovu uvag. hus .. : How ,hough. you may uk "IC"I h ... ea bu" ... i,h,n!AcruaIJy. Ih .. eau.myriad . countlusnumbuof beuts wilhinyou.You.houldno,,..ke off.n inlh ... wo.d . Ragei,a.m.lJbeul. y" ... nydoll morc.nag.! I. nO'lhetrucherollllollJ like f.c. h h ...... k.d in fron, of. be .... d.n! !s nOI.hchypocri .. abcall! ... [Rul. j .h.n 'h.bea"" n.id.you.RuJ.your Ihoullhu , o,ha,you willb.com ruluov .. aIJ.hinll'. SOlh ..... pl)WOT 10 .ul'l)v alllivinll.hing' .. ou.",,1 ..... 0"'TH. O"rG'"Of M ..... IO Hu ...... ,TTP ... T .. " .. o.A .. ... .. LN .. Tu ... ;. GlIGoar or Nnu: A,bru .. lif. firs. cn .. r.d,nlOlhcworldandman ... ook IOmcth,ngofthcirnuurc {lmcan.h.mod.of g.n.rauon).hcaccl)rd,nllly,ooka,.hc .. mc lime a Ih .. eof,heo,herau.ibu, contcm pl ... d,n,haln.ture. Fo.theliken ... ofman 0 God Ii not found in angcr.nor i. pl ... u m.rkof.hc.upcriornaturc;c""ard,, IIO. .ndholdn and.h.d ircofga'n nd,h. d .. lihoflo ... and.lI.h.lik aref .... mo ... d f.om.ha'J<amp ... hichind" .... di.ini.y Th ....... ib", . th.n. huma .. n.'ur ook.o II.elff.om,h . id.of,h.h.u .... ONT> C .... T'O .. OF M .. s,8"" ." AUT>.O.'TYO .... 6 . .. UI R ........ CT.GoO'. LOVB FOll; HII ...... 'TY. C .. ",nOSTO .. , So. .. f"r .... y'ngmal.andf.mal.h.mad h.m ... hougbtohc"o,,a blc,"ngonncbof .... d.h.m'"th. word . lncr .... andmulliplrfillth.cartb ... con.rolof th.S.hof.hc .... :fkhold.h ... markahk .. word., ";nc .. &KandmulliplyandfiUth ... rth:any' on.could ... ..... id of . h. b,u .. t.e ... ,. and thc"p,ileoalik . wh.reullaind""""ionand hn. con. rol " arc dir."ed.o . he man and woma",S", ,h. Lord.lo .. ingkindn .... : .... " beforccrc.llng,h.m. h.makesth.mlha .. in .hi. con.rol and bcs,ow. o" ,h.m.hehl ... ing. "Ha ... con.rol".h cE,"ay "oflh.fi.hofth. , ... ch.bird,ofhu ... nandallth ..... l . th. whol ... rth and all the repcil .. crcep,ng"" ... ch .. acterofthli.uthority!Didyounot'ceallct< ... dlhinllplacedllnd<r.h.controlof.hi. pank\llarbeing!Sol\OlOllger.ntcrtainc""ual imp .,ion.of ,hi lrationalh.ingbulr .. her r .. liuth.n .. n, of th ...... m and th. Lord'. mallnanimi'y .owardi'2Ildb(amu.d hil beyond all .dhng. Ho .. ,uuo" G ... as,s '. 9. ' ) Hu ...... Pown. OVB. T .. B 6 .un. AUGu. , T",.,A,<imcstheManich .. can. a.llOuk,"!n wha .... ""didmanr .. cei ... powcro .. erth !Uh ..... nd ,h. bi.,u ofh ..... " and.1I .h. cattl. and ",ild anim.lll For ........ ha< men ... killed by many wild an,mal.and.hat m.nyhird.h.rmu.,.,h.nw ... an o .. oid th.mor.ocaptu ... h.m. though .... ofr. n unno,.lnwhat.en,c.h .. ndidw ... <c"',, po ... erover.hucl"On,hllpoin.thcy,hould fi ... be .old.hat\heym.k ... biGm,ttah ... hcn.hcyconlider man afrer li n, wh.n h. hube .. ncondcmncd,,,,hemortalityoflhi. lifeandh .. lollthatperfect;onby whkhh. ,,aomadc,n,h.imagcofth.GocI. 6u,.ven man ... aofcond.mn .. ionin.ol uch tha< h rule. many animals. For rhough un killed by man)' wild animals on accounr of.be fragili.y of hi. bod)'. he can be by although h tarn", vuy man)' and nearly ail of .hem. Two BOOKSONGBNE'
b.CR ... n .. NPMuLT' 1'Cy, JOHNOFD .. .... ... ion, ... tOpre. "enj,beweartngoutandd.,truc.ionof.h. nc.bydea.h,marriag. "" u devi .ed.ha"h. ncc of men maybe preseTVed.hcough ,he
But.hel'will perhap. aok, Wha. then is the meaningof-maleondfemol.-and"Befruitful and multiply", ln on.wer welh.U .ay that "Be frui,ful and multipl y" does no, al together
nection, For God had power t o mul.iply.he raceaJ.oindiffe .... kept ,he precep. unbrohn '0 the end. But God. who
Itnowinginhi.ro .... knowledgethat.hey would fall intotran.grellion be condemned.ode .. h. anticipated this and madc "mole and female: and bade ,hem frui.ful and mulfiplj"." 0..' TH! ORTHO<>OX FAITH ...... . " 1:29 30 PLANTS AND FRUITS A R E FOOD FO R HUMANS AND BEASTS Z'Alld God ,aid, "Bt hold. I givtn YOIl tvcry yidding .ud which i. "POll Ihc facT of allth. and r vrry Iru with jud in il< fT wil : yow sbaH hav. thtm for food. )<l And ID rvrry "rast'oftbt and to cvuy "ird air, and to Iba! "e,ps OM th, tarrh, everylhi ng thal ba. th. brrath oflif., I bavt givtM tvu),grc," planlfor food. " And it Ovn.V1HW: Originally God permitteci ,h. use also human affcc,""", of foods fTom vogeu.ion.fba,i . egeable. (ORlGll" ), .nd the frui" of ,h r ... (ORlGE",N""ATfA" GR1!GOR" OF NYSSA). Borh .n ... m.lo and 1,2930 God Gi,'" PI"nu far Food f.m.le,u.ed ,n" food for ,h. bodj' ,ha< fh. other animal. u d and Tcceived . u ... THB FfRST Foou \\'''5 FRO'"' VIlGBT"no". nance from" (AIIGIIST'NB). Th. food fTom ORIG1! '" The hi"or;cal meaning. a: least. of thi'ICntcnccinruutuclurly thuoriginally Godpcrrn",.dth.uuaffoodafromvcgcu ... ",.<ha,i y.gc<abl andth.fruinaf"cc . But the oppo"u"i,y afutingflc.h i'giv.n.a men late. whcn. coy.nan, was mad. wilh No.oh afar ,he flood.' Ho .. ,Lt u 01< GENU' S ,.".' H ..... LlNG TO LoWLY SOli . NoyAT, .... : Man.fi ... foodwu.olclyfnlltandp'od ... . fram ...... Mansguih.ub '1u ndyin ..... d .. c.d.h ..... ofb,cad.Th. po ...... ofhi. body.ho .... fonhth.'u .. afh .. conoci.nu. AI long a. ma,,. conoci.ncc did nOt r.p.oach him. innoc.nccraiocdhimup.owardth. huv".,..a pl .. ek. h .. food from the [ftu. Onc. "" had be. " <amm'tt.d. i. bowed rna" down 10 th oil ofth arlh to g.t g i". Still I .... ,heu ofmu. wasadd.d. ' JlwlIH FOODS :.6.' To EVlu I Hum G'VI'" EVltr PUNT. GlIGOtY Of Nus .. , W. 1\0" . ho ... .vCf.many",ildbcaoudono.catfru,<.\Vh.t fr"i,doc hepan,h a, !\l/ha.f ... itmak ,h. lion ... ong! Bu, neverthdUI ,heo.e eru "".I ... hen .,bm""ng.ath.la"l ofnoturc. atcf ... II . Andlikew',"whtn .ht [firs, ] m.n
, upon h,m h. Lord. af"tc. th. flood. kno ... 'nghuman. ,.,. .... ao .. ful.allowed,h.m.o .... all foods: E .. cv.ry food .. if" wet di bl. plan ... " Sin". (human. ] w.,.allow.d thi . r,oncuSlon].th.oth.ranima!s [aIJol rc, .. vtd ,he libcnT to u,. So the lioo ,s [now[ a m.,,u.et.and.h.vul.ur.loQkJf.,.,.clt . B.,tv .. h .. rc.w.n n' .. thecarrh.afindu'Tlanwh.n . hcan;mal! ''''gin".d:noth,ngcrcadnarimllincd had yet d,ed In order '0 be food for ,h. .. I. IU'U. Narurt had nOI yel ben divided; uUylhing .. a. f, uh. Hun" .. did nOt caplUrt p.ey ince people did nOt yet practlcethi Thebeu,.didno'ycttu. apartp.cy inccthcywcrtno'm.a'u .... y ...... So was thefi .. t erealion.and.o ,hi. creuionwillb.ru,o daftc,.hi.[ag' ]. Hurnan. wiU.ctu.n.othci.o<iginalcrc uion. njectinghollihfJalif.cncurnbertd withurt.the.laycryof,hcW(l.ld,od.iJj' worri ... Onccth'yhavertno"ncedaU,hi. they w;Urc, ... ntatha, .. ,op"nlif.wh,ch ,. na.en.by.d,a,hcpu.ion.of thcfluh. which i. f dam. the do.en." '" God. a partakc.afth.lif.afth.ang.I . O"THIO.., GIN O. M ...... sU,T."' '' '''CIP ... C1.UDI5 L U'T.AUQUi n .. .,lmY".lfholdwilhthoHwho.con.id.r ingth.",o .u. "MoJ.andf.makh.",u."d th.m .... ying.Jnet.u.and multipl)and fill .hturth:' inttrp.ct.hcmlJref."ing.ovlJ' ibl ndbodily .. ..:. Thi.lldur. ,ny .... of what follows:"And God ... ,d. lkhold. 1 have giycnyo".vtryplan.yicldinglccdwhichi, " .. ponth.fu.of.U,h.urth . ndcvery .... wlth ... din1t.f,uII:y""Jhallhavcth.mfat food.And.o ..... ybclJ.of.h. urth.and '0 .v.rybirdaf.heait,and.oey.rything.hat ""p.onth.carth.cvcrylhingd""w,h. b.cathoflik I ha ... gi ... n.vcry g.ctn plan fo. food:" No ,hat both mal. and f<:mal. uHd Ih. food fa. ,he <heothe. ani mallulCd.Th.y recci dfiu,ng .... tcnancc fromi . Thio .. uncccu"ryfa.,h.an'mal body l .. , i, . .. fi".r from h .. ng.r. B ... i ....... received in a certain immon"l ... a, an.d from 'O".Goot-.l.'FC7bM. 'O".Gcnt-J. "FC6;,1.1. 'I:'....
the t.cc oflife. le., thcy dic of old agc. I would ne.eT bdieve that. in aplac. of such gT<at bappinus . itber,hcnesbluu.dagainutbe Spi.II or the.piri. against th. ne. b. and the wa. noint<:rnolpuce .... W.condud hcr. fo.e.that tb.re was no carnal concup;".ncc in tba, place. Such wastt.emannccoflif.tbatall ne.cuitiu wer. taken Can of by the funCliOM of the membcrs. witbout arousing lwt. AGA'NSTJuUAN 4.4.69.' 1:31 GOD SEES THAT CREATION IS VERY G OOD J' And God .<lw th<l t h. h<ld m<ld., <lnd behold. it w<ls very good. And rhere W<lS cvcning<lnd thercw<ls morning.<l s;xthd<lY. OVIIII.vlI!w,lndividua!,bingscr<:a dbyGo.::! are good. but me entirc crca.inn is very good (AUGUST'NB).Thcrcisas;miluitybetwe.ncre a dthing wbichwercc ..... cdgood.andm.i. Crcator (AuGUST'NI). Fromm.goodinnarurc on.canapprchcndthc.uprcmeand.v.rb.sring good (AMBRosn). As Go.::! mad. man in his imag.onth i.rmda).som.Sonam.inthc .ixth age ofth. human race to rcformwin .ceordanccwithth.imagcofGo.::! (AuGUSTINB). Th.daYlofercationofonbas.qu. ncc ofdivin. crca.ion (G .... GORYO.NAZU.NZU5} that pl'OCccdcd from lower to highcrfotrn. of being (GHGOK>' O. N.,sA). The conc.pt of" "da)cannotbercduccd.o aninnantbut impIJ a proccso (CHar505TQM). 1:31 God Sn E,crythillg Th<lt H. H<ld M<ldc 43 Goo SA'" T ... T T .. CaBAT'O" WAS GOOD. AUGUSTINE, Cu, ... inl), W< .hould no, earcl ... lypassovcr.h. word.of Scrip'"'' ,ha' .. y.AndGod . ... ,, th ... U the .hing ha,h. had made wcr. vcry good." For individual ,hing . it onl)' .,ayo,"Go.::!uwth.,itilgood: butin'p.ak. ingofall.hing . it .... asno'. noughtooay "good"wi ,hout adding"very" .. ,,cll. For if the singleworko ofGod . individu ... ll),inth.ir Own sp.ci . h.)' hav. p .. i worthy mu numbeu and o.d.rs. How much more th.nwillthi.b. tru. ofallofthem.ogcthcr. tha.i"of th.universe .h"tisfi lledwtthth ... individual thing. gathered in,o Fo, .vcryb utytha.i . eomposcdofpartsi, muchmorcprai worthrinthewhol<fhanin a part. Two BOOKS 0" G."ESlS AG"'NST GaNUI."JI TH.M .... ,CH ........ , '.p.' 5 ... IL ... ,TT BITW .. H C .. IAT .. U TH'N"S .. NO C ...... TO ... A"IlUIT .... : No on.doubu .h .. God himuLf i ho primal good. Ihlng.c.nb .... id,obclimil .. ,oGodin many wly" Some. etea.ed in .. aocdanct wi.h power and w;ldom. Ire . imill<'o God bcuu.ouncruledpowerlndwi.domarein him. Olher c.ea,ed ,hing. arc .imil .. '0 God in 'hcllmple r.",h., they arealive nd Godi.incomp ... blyalive.ndthe.ourcoof LikO.hcrcrca,ed.h, ng r ,mil.rtoGod ,nlhlt.heyh.vcbc,ng,fo.Godiltnenign
tnoKtningalhal me.dy UJ,' and ye. do no. It o.knOwlre,nhi.!ihnc .... nOICOm plClelybul,n ltgh,degree,bccauuuen .ner,rcgood,nlh."ownord.r.whil.God i.incomparablygood,n,,,artr.nlCending .ll other good. and from ,":,homev.rything good p.ocudl,E,GHTYTHul QUfiSTIONS i1..' TH' Goon C .... lh Pu c .. ,v"o THIOUGH C.UTIO ... A","ose: From Ihe good.othlt,nherc,n,nen.turcofcrca.ion- .hcyarc,ndocdyerygood. cvenasthoLo.d ... ,d_onoc.nlpprehendthc.up.emeand evcrlu,ing good. The o.dtrof.ht univeue. ,,,,,,"ngement and ,u bcauty-i. not a man movedbjlhll tolovcni .Cre"or.ev.nifnei. .lnwin abili.yl For ifw. love our parenu becauletherhavep.oduc.dul.howmuch mo.oougntwc.o lovc.hcCreltorofourpar. tnu and our own Cr .,or! Therefore Ihe power of GO<! "a et .. tLng po"'tr. Even if God IInot.ocn.htilJudg.dfromhll,",o.lu. .and n .... o.k,bc,uylh ..... o.km .. n.ooma,h .... ho ,"nnlcomp,.h.nd!m.aybcp<:,c.i ... d. FUGHTfILOIo<TNti\\'ORlol.'O. ' TH. SU:TH D .. T 0"1' H" .... .. C ..... TION "NU TH. S' ZTH AIl.oP TH. HUM .... RAc AU"USTIN .. of number aix 10 u, up<:cl.1.Lly In Ih;l, tha, God hi. woru on lix daYI and man in image of God on Ih.
,ixlh ageof.hc human raCc I ndwaamlde the Son of man. on order to rc-form u. in Ihc imagcofGod.Thi,i.theagein ... hichwc.ro atpr<:lent.whe.hcr hou ... alligncd.oeach.georwhe.hcrwclCltlo uponmemorabLeandnotablop<rson,,,,,, tu.""ng po,nll of lime. Thw , hefirl' a,. .. foundfromAdamtoNo.ah . h.occondfrom Ihll lime 10 Abraham. and &fu. Ihll ... from Ab ..... m 10 Duid. from David '0 .h. ,arry ,ng.w.y.o Ba.byLon. and from then.o Ihc birth of ,h. Virgin. These .hru aga added '0 ,hOlCmak.fivc.Hcnccth.binhoflheLord inlugurlledth. ,i xthage,whichil no .. in p.og.UI up to th. hidden cnd oftimc. 0 .. THIT.INITYI.I.,.' TH. D .. n Of CI . ATI O ... GRIGORY Of N,, z, .... zul:H.m.d fi .. lday,alecond.a 'h"d nd 10 fOrlh until the' .... n.h d'r wtl1ch wu a 'UI from work. Accord,ng 10 .hclCdar .. rythingcl'<'"cd .. ... ubdi .. .. bf'nup .. " iblo llwl.So"."ion,,unn, an in't.antan.ou, 1(1 br,heaU-po",.rfulWo.d;ro.l"mtoth,nko, 101p<:ak",o.ccompli. hatalk. lf hum.ni w ... 1.".0 en'tr ,he world-and ,n.uch. war at.o honorGoxI '. h.ndi work with God'. im.ge-i"hi.notmarvc!ousl!ti.lihoaring ,h 11. kinj: he prepad Ihe""l ... and tnen, uki ng.wh.ncvcry.h,ngwuolrca.d)p,e. putd.ltdln,hcprocession.Ho,,1111S0O< G ... U ' 5 44.' I .. A S, r<OU D,.,y. C HUSOSTO": I mun. hi. al!powcrfuIhand andboundlcuwi.dom w .. c nolu.lo .. oncda)"\VhYloOy oncd.o(!Evcninlbritf momtnt. r.,i,wa, "",bcca"lcof". u,i1ity 'o IlIm,ha,htproductdanything.ha,ui.u, ., nccbclngltlf.uffic,tnthcu , nntcdof no'h,ng. h wa, nthcr nut of hi I lovlnglt.ind. G .... u'S>.:,; ncuandgoodntuthathcnutcdtvcrything; Iccordinglyhccru.tdthing"nH'IUtnccand p...,. idcd ulwith.clclfiru,ructionabou,,, .. . cd,hing" hrough.h ongu<o(,ht bl .... d lu,hor.lo,ha,wcmigh,lurnabou.,hcm prcdltly"ndn",fallin,o.hc.,ro,of.ho ... led br purd)' human tf:aloning. 01< G ..... 'S).!1. 2: 1 3 GOD RESTS ON THE SEVEN TH DAY ' Thlll the h."vtlll "nd the urth ", finilh.d, alld r,,/I the holt}' oftbtm. lAnd on the ltV, nlh' day Godfillilhtd hll work' ",hich h. had don., a"d h. rested On Ih.Jtv,"lh day fro lll all hi! ",ork' whi ch h. had dont. ' So God bltjj.d Ih. ltv. nth .la] and h"lIowrd il. b.UIIJtOIl it God r.lltdfrom allhil work whi ch h, haddon!incrtAlioll. O .... ...... w:Go(l".rcSfon.hclCv.nthd.oy ila mttaphor.ha,dcpku .h.mYllcryof.hc.ru. rcltg,vtn,op<opl.in .h ... unalworld (EPHIlBM) and aUudc. to.h. rU' of .hc Son btforc hi. rcsurrcction. il abo lignificstha,
' I of SIX period . lead humanity.o ... bba,h . ha, Th. u v(n.bda),il ... ncrifitdbrGod,rclt. Th. fa"Mul will bca.cycnm da, .hcy.hall bcfillcd ",,hGod. ble ... ng (AuGuST''''. ), God rCI'.on th ven.h da)"but hi'gov . nanc. con.inu (C HMnoSTo", ). Cru,urc. <rcatedon.hli.,hda)"appur.obcoldbut ... youn(: .l1nccthc),wcrconIYJultuea,edb) God (E ......... ) In the of ea.ion (A ..... olI). 2: 1-2 God ReJledo" the S. "tlll hV"J' T Ht M ...... , ..... Of GOD'S RalT. E PH ..... TH. 5 ... , .... , From wh ... oil did God rcItIFor.h. cr .. ,urc.,h .. clm.lO bcon.hcfi ... daycamc ,obcbyimplk.uion,c:tccp.fo h.ligb . which cl me.hrougb hi. word. And.ht rCII of.hcworJu,hllcamc.obcaftcrwardcamc tob hroughhi, word. \Vha oillS,h.r.for 'Tl.nt, ... _ ..,..... .... _oc-.I"' ..... ....,..,.oI'" --"' ...... ...,.. u.whcn we.peakon. word! So wh .. ,oil could.h ... havcb..en for God.ospeak One word a day! Mo.!u,whodivid.d.h ubyhis word and his rod. did not.i ... joshua. son of Nun. who restrained th. lumin.ries by hi. word. did not tire.Sowhat.oil could the .. havehecn for God wh.n he created.hesea .nd . h. luminariuby hi. word! I.,.. not becau he .. Sted On th.t day that God. who do not w ... y. bl .... d.nd .. nctifi.d th v .nth da)" Nor wu it becau.e he wu to give it 10 that peopk, whodid no. und ... und th Jinc. th.yw ... frced from th.ir rv;tud h,ywere,ogive .... ,o thcir.crv.n ... nd maidJervan\&. H.gav. it to th.m .o th.t ,.v.n if they h.d.o be pu, under rcquiremen,. they would re".h was given to.h.m in ord.r to depictby. remporal rest , whichhegaveto a remporalpeopl the mysteryofth.tru ... n whichwillb.giv.nto.h .... rnalpeopl.in .h .... rn.lworld.Co .. ',P H ' RUT A"' D C'''UST'S RUU"' ''' .CTION. LfiTTBROF BARNHAS'God.ay oth.j,wJ "! will no,abid. your ne'"moons.nd your sabb .. h.:' You se. wh.t he means: The p ... cn,ubb.,h rc not.ccep blc.o me. but th.tsabb.th which I have made, in which. alicr giving re" to all thi ngs. 1 will mak. th. b.ginningofth ighth dar.th., i . th. begin ningofanoth.rworld. Th.rcforc.we al.occl - .b .... withjo)'.h.eighthd.) onwhich j .. " . a!Joro .. fromth.d.ad.fterhi,rcst.,,a. mad. manifest and ascended into hcav.n. BARNABAS 1;.8: Go .. RUTS IIUT Ht. GO"B", N,,"'':::E CON. TINU.S. CHRYSOSTO .. , You .... in .. yingat and bringing from nonbeing in'o b..ingon th. .even,hda). whe.usCh.is,.inuyingtha, "myfatheTisatworkupun.ilnowandlama. work:' ruulshisuncouingcarefotus:h. calb"work"themain,enanceofcread thing be .. owal of perm an enc. on ,hem and governance of them 'hTOUgh all time. If,hi. wasnt.o.afut.lI. how wouldne'Ything han sub. iSted,without the guiding hand above di r ."ing all vi.ible things and the human .ac. as HOM' Ll ES 0" G."u.s 10 . S.' TH. Goo .. Wo .. " . DO..,E LB .. V To ET . .. ..,.OL RUT. BIOE' Under ,he law Ih. p.ople wereorder.d 10 work for si% d.y nd tot .. ,ontheocven,h ... b ... usc,heLord compl."d the CTeaUOn of the "oddin Jixd.y' .ndd .. i ... dfromhi . wotkon.h even,h. Mystic.llrspeaking. we arc coun I.d br.lI ,hi h.,tho who in lif.devote th.mJel ... to good works for tbe Lord k r. in th. futurel.dbv . he Lordto .. bbath"ha, is.to .. 2:3 Th. .... d THB Sn.t N<l Tl .. . o. C .. UTIO", A .... Hccrcatedheaven.ndeartha.th.t;me when th. month,beg.n.fromwhich.imei,i.fi,. ,ingtha,.he world,ookits,i ... Thcnth .. e "'as ,h. mild rcmpera,urc of'pring, a .ea,on ,uitabl.for.lI.hings.Con,cqucnt!y they.ar .00 ha. the .. amp of. world coming to birth. .. Inotd.r.o.ho .. .hat.hcrcotionofth. world took pla<c in.he.pring.Scrip.ur ... y. "Thi. month.hallb.toyouth.bsinningo: .hi, poin, ,ha, God rtoted from hi' works, 'FC91!J6. '1>1,l3. 'FC7', Il9-tO:PG Scripturc tcach .. u' ,ha. h.ceas.dcr.ating Sl,". ' HOG:'17'"; ... onth"lt i.foryouthcfintinthc ... onth.of
...... , I. wufimng.h me bcg,nn,ngof . hr yt:arbcthebcg'nningofgcnuarion.Hax ... . MI.0 ..... 4.';. TH.F .. ' TH" ' LW' LLlb .. SIVINTHD .. T. AUGII.TINB, Hcav.n. IOO .... iIIbc.hc fulfill ... enlof.h.,ubba.h ... ,fo,e,oId,n.heco ... ... and,8e&. iUandsee.h., I a ... GocI:IO Thi . ,ndecd.",Hlbc.ha.u]um . ..... bb"lth.ha,hu noeven,ng andlh ... h. Lord forelhadowed in ,h "oun,of hi . c,ea';on,AndGocIre".d onth eventh day from all hi. work ,ha,h. had done. And heble .. cd , he.nen,h da)' and ... n<:tified,,:becaust i""hehad , ,, .. edfrom all h" ... ork ,h GocI " .... d and mad.: And we our"l"". ",ill be,"ven,h d.y ... hen_ .hall be fiUed "" th h,. bl" ... ,ng and rcmad. br hi .... n<tificuion.lnlheldllne ... ofthatr"" ",.lhallsteth .. h.i h.God wholedivini<)' w.d .,r.dfo,ourstlvuwhen we li"ened '0 ,h educ"".,,,ord.,' You . hIUbeugocl.:" and lof.ll a"'arfrom him . he.rlle God who wouldhav"g,vc:nu.ad,Y, ni<),b,p.",cipa. tion thal could ncver be gained by duen;on . For ",heTCdid thedoing ... ;tholll God end hll' in the IIndoingofman through the anger of God!Onl), ... hen .... a",remadch)"God and pcrf<:credbragr.a .. rgraa ohallwe havethe e.un.1 "iIl ne ... of that ,,, .. in whi,h we.hall see ,h., h. i. God. CITY OFGOU n.)o." ALLTH. F, .aT C . .... TU.U W BOTH l'O"HG .. .. OOLD.E .. HU .. TH.SU" .... : JUIl as,he .. eu,.heyegcta' ion.,heammal bird.andevenbllmankindweTCold . oalw we,,, ,heryollng.They wtr<oldac(ording to ,heappearanC"O( lheirii mb llothd, . uh_ I<.ncu, ye. ,hey ""re young becau" ofth. hour and momen, of their crntion. Likcw;se, ,hc moon ..... hoth old,"d young. It wai young, for "" .... bu' .... omen, Dld. bu, ,,'u al ... oId,foritwufullu;.uon ,hefif,een, h tb).CO ....... T .. U ONGE .. U .. ' . 4.1." 2:4-7 GOD FO RMS MAN OUT OF D UST ' {Tbtlt IItt Ibt gt",,"r,onJ], of Ilu !..nt'" and rbt uTrb ",brn rbc] IIIttt eruud. JII rb. day rbar lb. Low Gad mad. lb. IIlId Iwbtn plam of lb. {trld Wa l]rI;" tb. IIl1d no bcrb of tb. fitld bad ]cr Iprung up-for Ib t Lo." God bad 1101 t /lwSt.! ;rlO ra;" wpon lb. tarlb, ILnd rbert Wa l 11 0 mall tDlill d" growlld; tbwI' m; sl" II'CIII wp from tbe tllrrh "lid waltltd rb. wbol . f"ct of Ihe grownd- 'Iho .. rh. Lo." Go.! formed m .. n of aUir from Ibe gfl}llnd. <I"d brt<lrbed inro bis "o!frill' Ibe brc .. rb of life; .. "d m .. nbu .. meativingbcing. OV v," .... ,Mo rtturn orcia<eho ... cr. adon "'as fir't adorned {EpHlta .. j. The vege'ation of the carth and 'he rain m .. y be vitwtdas m.uphors of ,h. nunur. and gro ... th ofth. hum .. n.oul in <h. field of <hi . ... orld{AuGUSTlNII) . ... hil.<h pr;ngi.a ,ymbol ofttiunegr .. ce {MA'UUSV" ,.rolU- NUS). God form.d the body of Adam out of mud (AUGuST'Nll j. Wh"nGodbru,h.din,ohi . no.tril., he united ,he so,,1 '0 th" body (Tn TULuAN.AuGusT,NB.AMuosBj andpla<ed omt.hareofhi. own gr""" inman (B...slL). But th. natur' of God wa< nOt turntd into rh" .oulofman (AUGUST'Nmj. Even no"', wh.n God form. u. in rh. womb of ,he moth.r. he al$o breathe. on u.ash.did in <hebcginning (T.IlTUl.uANj.J"u'gav"uJa.econdbr.uh ing.ndth.rebycruudantwhumani<) (AUGUST1NB). Heav.nlnde .. thindudesallcrea,ure bo,h'piri<ual and physkll (CHI<YS05YO .. j. Humanb.ingsw.",(orm.dofth.du.,ofth. earth by God', own "hand,:viewed.piri<u
"mixed with the du.t of Ih .... th oFNAZ'ANZUS).Th ouli, ,,.at.d;lhen h i.fuhion.d: Th. greatn .... and ,h.lowlin." ofhumanityis eninth.brea,hingofaliving ,oul into <hedu., (BASILj.which form. a liv ing unitr (CN"YSOSTO" ). Humanity i. nor '0 b. reduced to (S .... 'L). The r .. ional human soul mIke. use ofbodil) m.mbe .. (CHRYSOSTO .. j . The ooul did nOt pr.. xi.tbcfocr .,ion {JOHNOFO ........ cus). 2,4-6 Tbt Gt ltNli""i 0flhrH.<lvtll,<llId E"rlb THmHm .. VIIN .. NOE .. "THINCLUDU ALL C. m .. TuII U. CH"YSOSTOM: I mean. when it uidhuvenandur,h.ilindud.d.very,hing together in tho.e word . both thing. on euth and,hings inh.lv.n.SOjUSfU,niuaccount ofcru,edthing.itdountmentionth"maU on. by on. butg;v a . ummaryofrciated item ndmake. no further atttmptto describcth.m to u, o '00 n uU.dth. whol Ihe about,h.origin,ofheav.nand earth. ev.n though ifconuin. man),o<he, thing thercfer.ncetothe.etwothatlllvi.ibl. Ihing,areofnece .. itycontain.dinthi . hook. bOlhtho .. inhelv.nandlho on.arth HO .. 'LluoNGBNEslsn.4.' THB LORD M .. DB EVBU HB" . CH"UOS- TOM: Th. earlh in compliance with the Lord'. wordlnddirectionproduc.dplanu and",, stirr.dintopang.offe"iht}'w;thou,d'p"nd ingon the.un fo,;usisrlnce (ho,,' could it. after all. the , un nOt yet being cru dn. nOr on the moiotu from lhower . nor on human labor (humanh<lng afteralLnothavingbcen br(lughtfor,h).Ho,.,LluoNGINuISU,S. ' RHSU" ' NG ATION.EpH"U'THESY" ' .... ":Und.uun.:.. o nur.,. <ha: ahhough the day. of creation .. and God had blulCd .... !>bath d.ar .... ho<h ... as .... had com
af,.r.h.day, ofea,ionhadbc.nfini,h.d "Th ... ar h.g.n.rationlof.h.hcav.nland .hcurlh:tha.i . thisi, .hcaccoun,o(rh. fuh,on'ngof hcavcnandurlhon 'hcdar ,,h.n rhc I..ord madc hcavcn and unh. for U ,..,,"noplan.of .hcficld,,u,n.hcunhand noh.rbof.hcficldhady ... prungup."Ecnif th .. c,h,ns,w ... no,acoualiycrca don.hc r,n,day-forthc)hadbun mad. on ,he rhird day-.. iII Mo.c, did nOlruhlrin,roducc.on ,hcfir .. da).,h.reporloftholCthing ha. .... r.crea donth.,h,rddarForMou.uid, Nopianrofthcficld"""yc, ,nthcca.,hand nohctbofth.fi.ldhadyulp.ungup-forth. I..o.d God had no'ca .... d "'0 ra,n upon th. c .. nh,butam .. , .... n,upf<om,hcurthand
cv .. ythmgd"I ha.b.cnhornand ... illbchorn from Ih.carth will b. Ihrough ,heconjuncrion of .... ,.randur,h.Mo ... und .,,,,,k,olho," thalnoplan,o,vcg.tattonhadbo.ncn:a.cd along .. "h ,hc .. "".hccauJC ,h. ra,n had not yet COme dow ... Bu. after m. grur mm <0 .. up f<omthcgrea,"by .. . nd,,a, ..,d,h.whol. fac.ofcarthandaftcrthcwncrshad bo.n gathcr.d,ogethron,h.,hordda).,hcn lhc u .. hb<ough.forrhali.h.v.getallon.CoM' .. :.l" 'l,', ' ,' Mu ...... 'e; OF TH . V.O.T .. .. NOTHI R .. , .... AuoCIT'N.'\\'hyafr .. mcn IIon,ngheav.nand .. "hdoc"h .. pu.agcadd cgetatlonofth.ficldandfood" whil.rema.n. ,ng . n.n,abou,..,manyorh .. ,h,ns, ,hot "Tt ,nh.ayenand.arthorcy.n,h(.u.unl ... " ... .n .. ... gct.llonofth.6cld,obcund .... ood as an ,ny"ihl. .. d rh,n, . uch ... ,h ..,ut, Forfield""ofr.nw.cdfigunm-cly inScror ru .. ron:p .. nn.th ....,r!.d .... FuMcronn addshefor.th.y ...... uponth ..... h;wh.ch mcan, bcforerh ..,ul.inned." Foroncorh( .oul "" ... oil.dw,th carthlyd .. iru. it "'uu if .h .... ulwuhornonrhe ... rth.ori ...... nce derlyed (<om ,h. earth. Two Boou 01< GEI<I'
AUCUST'''.' Now God aI ... make. ,he .ga "onof,h.field,bu.hyram,ngupon.h. ea"h, .ha, il.h.mak ... oubhccom.grccn againbyh ..... ord.Bu,h ......... ,h.m(rotr. rhccloud . ,h i . from,h .... n.ing,of . he pr<>phetl and oponl ... Two Boou ON IISAo .. ''''TTN. M .. N'CH ..... Sl .. S' THI S "oc CHII. UT. V":TOo.l"us,Chri" is ,ha. spr'ngo{,,h,ch ,he prophct uy.:h irrisa, and ,,a.er, ,h. M'hoic",rrh."Bu,Chrisrirris,,,,,rhrM'hoie univerl ho,hY"ibl"nd tnYlsiblo:",nh ,h. Iprin'oflif.he ...... rs,h ub".nc.oiev." .. ,hinsrha'.Il".\'.'in.of.rash.1lI,f . h." Ch" .. : 'n ... faraoh.,, ...... h. "th.Hoh Sp",,, .l\t-Oiatao h. is the pow .. ofnah'r. '" "Fotheran.d God;bu. ,h. whol ... oneGO<! AC ..... STA .. , u" , ..... 7.' F..c.o. Tt ... E .. o.TlI Is .... ALLICOU Of M .. .... Aue;usT'NE,Thcg.nd. facc of,h. .arth.,h .. i . ,hed'B ... lyof,h ..... h. may'" correcdy "iewcd .. ,he mo.hcr oi,he Lord. ,h.Vir"nM.ry. who .. al ....... edbyth. HolrSp"u.whoislignificd,n,h.Gospclb rh. term ""' .... ' T ... o Boo"so" G"NESI' AC"''''JTTHiM"",cH .. 2: 7 God Forms Man from the Ground GOD FORMS M .... FRo M Mil D. AUGlISTlNE: Fimofall . hefact ma, God fonnedman from the mud of.be eanh usually rai. e qu ... ion about ,h ."n ofmud it wu or th. kind of mati.a! the term .ignifi ..... Thou enemies of the Old Book [the ManichaoaruJ, looki ng .. t
a.lway. bcinginerro.,bilinglyfindfaullwilh .hispoin.a. we!1,nameiy;lhaIGodformed man from Ihe mud of the eanh. For they"r, "Why did God makt man from mud, Did h. !ack .. bctterandh.avcnlrmatcrial fTom which h. could make man,lhat he fonned him fT.gil. and mOfla.l from thi.eanhly conuption,"To bcgin with. they do no, undemand howmanr meanings etther.arth Or Wal<. has in the Scrip. er Aloow ... y,ha.thchumanbodybegan.o wastea",arand.obc fn.gileand mortal after .in.Bntth< Maniche.n< abho. in <>u,bodyonly th. m<>"ali<y mat we merited as puni$hmm,. Bu. even ifG<>d mad. man from the mud of Ihi. earth ... cuh for God in ma.lcingthe human body such ,h., i,would no,be . ubject tocorroprion if. in obcdienc. '0 God.commandmen,. he had not willdto .in! For wt oay that mebeau<y of he.ven "'a. made from nothing or from fonn. lessma".r, because w. believe th .. IheMaker i.a.lmigh'}, Why is i ... rangelha,.h. a.lmighty Maker could make the body from oom. Ion of
man with no ,rouble or nedand wa .. edawa)" from no corruption, Two BOOKS os GBNBS," AG .. THB BRIIATH OF GOD M'XII5 WITH DUST, GUGORY OF NAZ'ANZUS: soul i b, .. [hofGod . u;' ... mixed w;.h cav.,ye,whollydivineandunqu.nchabk ... Hespoke,andtaking..,m.oflh.new1r minledunhhisimmot<al hanoi< mad.an im'ge in.owhichheimpa"edllOmcofhi$own life.He.en,hi<'pi,i,.ab.amf.omth<'invi.i. ble divinilj"DOG .... TlC HVMNS7." Ho ",' AOAM BECAME A L' VING SOUL. CH. Y SOSTOM:itwaspl.uing,oGod'slo"eof humani<y 1o m.ke this ,hingcrcaICd ou, of eatth'parricipan,of.ner.,;onalna, utccof the .oul..hroughwnich,nislivingcrca,uce wa. m.nifest a. ucell.nl and perf.ct. "And h. bceathedinmhi. nMlfils.hebrca,hoflife: Ih., is. the inbrea.hingcommunic.ted to th. on.aeated our of.aTth the power of life. and , hu.,h. notureofth.JOul ,,a.formed. Therefore Mo.es .dded-And man became. living.oul -, ,h., which ",ascre.,ed<>ut<>f du ... having ,e<:eived ,hc ini>rc.alning, ,he bru,h oflifc:,"bec" m. a living soul:Wha, doe."a living .<>ul"me.n!i\n acr iv. soul. which h th.membenof.h.bod) as ,he implem.n.lofi ... cti"i.i . ubmi iv.toi .. will. HOMILIES ON GENESIS I:.,S." O .. . ... "Th< soul has iu oTigin in IhebTealh <>fG<><I. nd did nOt Come from ma".r. We base .hat ...... men' onlh.dear ...... ionofdivin.rcvel. .;on,whichdeclatccs ,h.,"Godb.uthcdth. br.athoflif.in,oth.fac<ofman.andman becam living.oul:OsTH.SOUtJ.". " GOD UNITU THm Hu .... " Soon TO THII BODVlLvH. s B .. ... TH. AUGIISTL"II:Scrip tII",u.y.,Andh.brcath.din.ohimth. b ... thorlif .. inglO .. l: lfupto.h' "f"',n,.he waoonl),.h.bod).w ho .. ld .. nd .... .hl. thclOul .. u atth" f"',n'Joined '0 the bod)"Pcrhlpl thclO .. 1 had be.n.lrudym.d.h .. tw .... illuifin.hc mo .. thofGod.d .. ,il.inhi." .. thlndw ... dom.Bu."didno,d.p."from.hc,,"if "p ..... d by pllcu. when i,wasbr ... h.d fo .. h.Fo.Godilnoteonuin.dbypllccbu, il prennt eYerywh .... Two BOOKS 0 .. GB .. . ' 5.sAoAINITTH.M .. NICN ..... NS1.5 . 0." Nnu O' TH. SOUL. A .. non: th.lOullfnotblood.bcca ..... blood .. ofth. fklh; nor ' . ,bc 10 .. 1 a hannony. bcca ..... ha. monyof,hi ........ thcI0Il1 .... bauHblown bruthioonethinl; and,h.IO .. llOmcthingelH.ThelOuli.nOlfi",. no ... ,h o .. l lCluoh'y.b .. , thc soul i.living. f.".Adambeclm.alivinglOuI:linccthclOul .. t lif.orr.:ding.lu .. FU' HF ... H. O,..n,SoULC .... ... n.GUG OaY o. Nus..: God made the inner person: h.mold.dth.ou .. .. iublefor cby.b .. ,"mlkmg"tI [fitungJ for.n,m'g . $o on th. Onc b.nd. hcmoldedflcsb.bul on tb.
MA,.. " THB G .... TNU. AN" LO"'LtNU' Of H". MAN'TT. GUGOlty n. Nnu:-God ,ook of h.d .... o(,h .,h.ndf .. hion.dman:ln .h .. wo.ldI h.,..dioc ..... crcdthc.W<laffirma, lIon,th.tmanlinolhmgand.h.tm""ligrea:. If vo .. . ha.no,..lu.:b .. :if ......... .. d.b.ho""'w"h .... h"hh.hal bc.ntrea ... :?.rn."i ..,m.th,ng s",.:.O>< TlU O.'G.'" OF M", . " TH. UNITY O. BOOT .. NO Som GUGOU o. N ... , .. : the contrary. mark,ng Iheorderoflhemakingofmanulta,.dby MOIC .. lillCcondtothebody ,norderoflime,linccGodfifSttookd .... from the carlh and fonned man. and then ani mated th.heingthllSformcd by h"brurh. B" ,hi.argum.ntth'yprove,ha,th.f1nhi, more nohle , han ,h oul. th .. which wupr . vio .. . l)' formed (moTC nohleJ than th.t whkh w ... f,uw.rdinf .... din.o ...... No g.in I w.,no .. tdo.::trin.tobegln by m.king up mlnlih byfigur.and.ou."d,.,th.IOU! ... forl .. rcly In .hl\ ... th. intell.ctu.l n.tu", .... ould be Iho ... n.obcl ... S .. , as man ilonc.th.beingconllJungoflo .. 1 .ndbodr,we.""oluPf>OIe.h., the begIn . ningofhi.ni ... ncci.on . common.obo.h lI""cu.lo,h .. h ho .. ld no, b. fo"nd '0 b. In .. c. d.n'.ndpo .... ior'oh,m lf ... ifth. hodil).l.mcn, wc .. fi.1t In point of,im nd ,h.o.hcrw.r I.tct.ddi"on.Q"TN,C", .. T' ONOF M .. ,,1&,'l9.I.' GOO PUC .. ASHA OFH,.G .... c '" TH.SOUL. B .. StL THE G .... T: wAnd hc b .... h.d Into hi ...... 11 to "'y. h. plac!'nm ... ..,m ha .. ofhl ........ ngrac: . m r<cognlzelikenell thro .. ghlikcne ... Nev ... helc ... bcmg , n l .. cb grelthonorbct:lu .. h.,, .. c,urcd,n.hc imascoftheCrcator.h.i. honorcd.hovr.hc b ..... nl hov. ,h .... n bov. ,h. chol ro o( .. a ... For which of,hc h ..... nly bodieo w .. lIid . ob n im.gc of ,he molt high God! "
"(;t Po IoSl ..... ',s. "R:4Ml4.! 1 How GOD C .... T. D HU .... " I ' N .. D, ' ... I NT WUF.O .. AN ..... l.5.G.'GDaYDF Nn, .. , Abo.e, the ,cxl l ayl Ihll Godcreucd; hcr. i, .. y. how God crca,ed. Ifthevcrle had .i mpl)"uidlh .. Godcrcaled,youcouldhav bcb.v.d tha,hecrca,.d (human"y) " he did ford bc"[$,for ,h .... ild animaL . for , he planflfOrtmgTUl.Thi.i.",h, . o.voidyour plaClngh,m.nlhecl . .. of",lIdan,maLs. lhe dIV,no word hu made known the p.rtlcular artwhochGodhll ul edforyou:'God tookof th.dulI of Ihe caTlh. 0" THIO"G'''OF M .. N.'" THI SOllL M .. " .. U'"OF BoolL' M'M' ..... CN .. UOSTO .. : Thus wh.n you hur ,h .. Godb.uthtd,n.o h fao:c the bruthofHc. .. nderAandthatjus, .. heOrnughtforthth< bodil ... pow ....... aLsoh ... .. pLcamlh .. ,he bodyofm.n.crc.,.do .. lofdulI . houLdha rallonalloulwhicncQuLd"'. k ..... ofth. bodilymembcr . HOM'LllSoN G .... SlS 1).9." TH.Nuu o.Goo W ... NOTT" . .. . o ' '''TO THI SOUL OF M .. N. AUGUST"'I' Wc ough,lound tand ,hi. p .... g .... ,h., w. dono"akc,h .... o.dsh.bTu.h.d,n,oh,m ,heb.u,hoflif . ndm.nbcoc.m 1iving ooul"'om .. nth'.part .... i,w .... of.h. nllurcofGod ,, .. ,ul n.d,ntolhetoulof man .... Th. na,uI. of God i. no, mu,abl d""" no'.rrandi.no'corrup,.dbylhe .... n. ofvico nd." ...... SC .. p,urcclcally .. y. ,h .. ,h .... ul w .. m.d.byth. a1m.gh<yGoc! .nd.h., " i. th.t.fo .. no, . p ... of God or ,h. nllurcofGod. Two Boo"" o,, GI ...... AG .. , .. STTHEM .. N. c ......... Ii:.I.!l.'" W" 'N GOD FoaM" Us T" . WOMI, HI a .... T" U ON U . T."Tun' .. N: Thu. rc.dlh, w01"dofGod.lpokcn,ojcTC",i.h, S.fore I form.dyouinthewomb,l knew you'-" lfGod form . ... in m. womb. h "", him 1
man. 0 .. THE SoUL H U ....... TT R ... uo AG .. . N T .. tOUGH Hn a .. .... T"' .. G.AuIOUST.NE:Aft uhi ' ,CIU'TCC .ion . ... hen fit ll .ppcued.o hi, d"c'pl ... h. laidlo.htm. R. cciv.th.HolrSpili,." Abou, Ihll giving.lh.n. il ""15 .. Spi';lhadno,y .. bc.ngi ... nbccaulc.luul hadnolynbeenglorified: 'Andheblnlhed upon Ihe,r face:" Tho On. "'ho fir .. ga .. lif '0 m.n by breath,ngand'llSCd h,m up from th.m,.candbrbru.h,ngg .... a loultoh .. membcorl i. ,he oamo Onc who brc.thed .. pon . heitf.th., ,h.ymight .... up f.om ,ht slim nd .. nounccfil . h) work,;.T .... cTATu 0" FOt .. . " o. DUST It Go",', O""N H .. .. oi. THIOOO." O. Cn: When wc hcor MOlel' wliungodeKribchowGod.ookd.UI from m. unh """b hll hand. in order.o ",.k. man. w' ''1 ,ound.I ... ndwha, ... chl.nguag'''''gh, mun.hmun his:th .. whol e ofGod u had . l pecial,nttrellinth."tat ionof thehuman nllun. Thtgle .. prophe,proclaim.,hll ve<y Ih,nll,lInc trylhinllcl ,n cfCat ,onwlJ made by .poken comman.d. Man. howev.I. ,, .. m.d.byGocl"."hands: .. J"s, like an -(;NOS ... U. PGIl:!C7J:FC 10e In "FC", I(l6. ''Jm-
_E-.. ........ __ -'"'. embrrollplonted in Ihc mOlhc"" womb and devdopl from rh. ma,.,ial which hu IU, round.d it from th. beginning .... IlsoGod wI .... d,o'lko,hcmltuiaJfor,h.hum'" body from ,h. earth. Thul. d.y be me nuh ndblood "d.kin . ndn.rv .... nd ... inl. .ndl ... " ... . nd,h.b .. in.lndbon.mar"''' .nd.uppo .. ingbon .... nd10 on.Co"PI .. - o' U .. o.H.Rn' CALMYTHS.- T ... SOUL 010 NOT PI.-."tlT.JO"" OF c .... u.S;,..., DAMASCUS' From me urth he formed hll bodJ'sndbJ'hilowni"brea.hingglv<:h,ml n.ionallndunderlunding loul.whichw.u, ill he divineimlge ... Th.bod)and .h o .. 1 w. r. formed ... h. lame rime-nor on beforelndlheothcrafrerwlrd.utherav,"g" ofOrige" would ha"" it. 0" THI! ORTHooor FAITH . " 2:89 THE GARDEN OF EDEN AND THE TREE OF LIFE Ihr LOAD God in Edrn. ! in Ibt tllll; Ihr.t ht p,,1 Ih. mlln whom hr h<ldfo.mtd. ' Ana 0'" oflh. g'Dwnd Ihr LOM) GDd mllar 10 grOM' tvrrJ tr .. i$ pi.<lJ- 1111110 dO( lighl good for food. 11,. Irn oflif. in Ih. midll of Ih. gllrd.n, Ilnd Ih. Ir Oflluboll.lrdzr Of good Illldtvil. O,.unw,Edc .. i.lhcl ... dofp.r,d, h., God m.dc b.for. he form.d m.n (EPItUM. AUC;USTI"' )' h.llOprcfigllrcl .he church (Cn ...... " ). Th ...... pl.nled ,n ,h. middle of Ihegardcolymboli::c iifc,kno",lcdgclndw;'. dom (LIlTTI.. TO D.OGNBT\Js.Ju.o .. . j . Christ fC.,orulIl,oJifethroughth ... uoflife (GUOOIY 01' NAzI .. ",zus). From I)au! we learn ,ha:,hcl"cali"n"fpar.d"."no"ob ... m- p!illically, . u,<:d . ine<itbcl""g. ,emy"ical und ... ,.n';,ng (AMB"OU). Tha, God planrcd Fud.n ,n Ed.n m .. JfM und .... ood ,n I "" Y bcfin;ns ,0God {C .. "YSOSTo .. l . ED." W .. . CRUTIID 0" 1' HII T",,,o 0 .. ,.. TH' SYIIAI<: Ed.n ;llh.l.nd ofpa, .di .... nd God had.ltudyplon.edltDnth. da,. MO$<" up!.in h" br Lord c. u d CV<'r ,,<:e.'u, " plu .. n, , ,,,h ,ighta"dgoodforfood''''prou"orrhrro".. Ih ... rth: And.o Ih" .. .ha, h . ....... .boutpar.d,u.h ddcd.. And.n ..... ofl i', was in ,he mids,ofparadis . and th ..... of th. knowledge ofgoO<! and evi!."COMM""' T" U ONG.tl!5!S : Sl.' THII N ......... TIVIl Rlln .. s TO P .. RVIOllS EVRNTSLR.TUNMRNTIONRD. Au"un'NE In ,h.Scriptu ... . om.things a .. . e!at.d in uch a w,),that they ... m robe following the o.derofrime or occurring in chronological suc cenion.when acruaIlyrhenarrarive.wi,hou. menlioningil ... fersrop reviou. ev.nu tha. hadb-eenl.flunmen,ion.d.Unle .. w.und .. .. and thi,di .. incrion.w hall fall ,nloerrol. For example. we find in Gene.i,,"And the Lord God planred a paradiuofplea.u,e in th. easr; and the .. h. pur rhe man whom he hadform.d. Andou. of .heground .he Lord God made to grow eve.y rree that is plea .. nt torhe . ight and goodfo.food."Thi,lastmenrionedev. n, would .um 10 h.v. ouurred .fter Goo had made man and placed him in paradioc. After both of thue fau hove been mentioned bridly {.hat ... thatGooplant.d.paradi, e.ndrhere 'pl"'ed man whom he had formed"). the narra rive rurn. b",k by m n. ofrec'pirul.tion and relate, whath.db-eenplan,.d anddu, "Goo brought forth 0'"oftht ground all manner of trec, fair . ob.noldand pl .... n' ,o .. ,of: CHIlISTI .. N GO"PL .. NTRD .. G .... ""N.CHkYSOSTOM Andwhen. dearl)b.loved.youh.atthat"Go<l planred a garden in Eden in rhe .as,; .. ke the n .. appropriaretoGod- namel)" ,hat he commanded rhis happen- and abOUt thenex, phuse. beli,ve ,hat agar. dencam<in,ob.ingin,h' plauthatS"ip ur< indica d. HOMIUU GS"U IS 1,;., ,;. ' EDB" RRPRUB"T.TH.CHU.,<;It. Cyp RI .. ,, : Tne cnu.h . "pr. uingtne image of paudi,<.enlo fruitfult ... swithiniu waUs.Fromthe. e wh .. everdoesno,make good frui! i. cu,offandcaS! in'o the fire. LlITTSU71. IO.' WHBTH . .. P ...... D' n Is , ..... SPRC,.,C T"" B,S"'CILoc .. TJON.AMRIlOsE: l fpara. di.e.lhen,i.of.uch . nature that Paul al",,< oronelikePlul.rouIJuaraly.ee il whil e aliv. and "ill "" u unabl.", remember wh.,herh. oawi, in the body o,ou' of the body. and mo ..
.e" .. l_if ,hisbe true, how will it b-e possible for u. 10 declare the po,i';onofpa diot which w.h.veno,b-eenable,o ,..and. evenif w.hld succ.ed.din , ecingit, w.woul dbefornidden ' 0 ,harewi,h olhers! And again . ince Paul . hrankfromenhinghimselfbrrea.onofth. .ublimityof the revelation, how much mo .. oughtwetosr.iveno,tob-e,on.nxiouJ:,odi,. do.e thlt which I.ad" odangerbyiu very rev el.tion!Th ubje"of p .... di.e.hould not, therefore.b-e " ... ed lignti). P"UDt51 I. ' WHy CH .. JST' .... S P .. uFAC' .. GE .. n.
' 0 th. eaS! in our pr. y .... but f.w kno .... ,h., ,hi.i.becau.ew.a ..... king,hranci.n' fatherland. which God planted in Eden, ,o",ard.he eas;.ONTHE HOLV SP'RIT 27.66.' 2,9 Th. Tnt of Lift And the Tr .. of ,,,. Knowl.dg. of Good And Evil D. THB T .. II .. S''''''.JIIS THI CLon RBLATIO" a.TW " L'Pfi .. "D KNOWLEDG ANONYMOUS: Indeed. the .. i d. pmun;ng;nthep .. ug.ofScripfurc th. t tdl.howGod inmcbf,g,nningplan .. d."cr ofkno ... paudi toal!o,,,harlif.ilanaincdthrough knowl.dg . ltwu bccau,efhe fin'mendid. nO' un thi. knowlrdgc ... lIh dun he .. " ,ha! theyweu.1r1pp<dofitbrth.deccitof ,hr Krp<nI .For,hc ,.nnolbf, lifewithouI knowledgclnymo.c,han,h .. cc.nb.lound knowledge ... "hou'g. nu,n. life. $<I thr tWO u.,.. ....... pJanl.dd<etog<,h . LITT TO
THBT. no.L,.BS,.. OU:USW"OO .. """CH"' I T.J.II0MB,Now ifwiodom " ,h. ".., oflif .. Wiodom ;,nlf ""ieed i.Chrill.' ' '''' und. ... undno .. ,h .. th.m.nwhoi.ble ... d .ndholri.compar.d to,hi. , .... - th., i h. i. comp .... d 10 Wiodom. COnKquenu)".,..... Ott .ootha,theJuJlrrun,th.,blNJ.dmanwho huno,foUow.dth.roun .. Jof ,hc..;,k.d- ",ho h .. no,don. th'Ibulha. don<thil-i. liketh.truthat ilplantednearrunn;ng w.t.r. H.i inorh ....... rd&,li kc Chri ... ln .. much .. hcn.i .. dwup.ogethc.and ... tedw 'og<rhc,inh nn:' YnuOtt.hen,ha.wr . h.U ... ign,os .. hcrw;, hChri inhuvrn. \"ou ... . on ,h., bKlIIK ,hia tr hI. bttn plan d in ,h. sarden of Ed<n. we hanallbcenpl.n",,:I ,h ..... og.th ..... i'h him. Ho .. " .. ' u I." CH . .. T R .. To .... US To L' .""r THI T .... OP L, .... Guc;ou o. N"<:'''''<:lIs: Ch.", " brough,up.o,h. "cc . ndnailed ,on-yttb), . h.t.reoflif. h u .o,u ul. Ye . hruv ucna,hi.fcrllcificdw;thhim;hewrap 1I
O .... 'K.:lW". 'V......d"- .... .... __ ..... ......w-.,.,I,J."Ep01>6. "FC0&7.UFCfI! 2:1014 THE RIVER OF E DEN lOA riwr flowed OWl of Ede,,' le waler garder..' ""d d,err it divided And bnAmt fowr rivers. ' " Tht tlAmt ofthtfi,s,;s Pilhon; ' it il tht Oll t whi,hflOWJ arol<lId tht wholt lAnd of H"vilah,' wbt rt ,here;1 gold; 'lll nd tht gold of thllt [alld 11 good; [bdelli"", and onyx 1I0Ilt }" art ,here. " Tbt nllme of tht s",ond rivtr is Giho!!;" 11 ;1 tht Ont whirh flowl dro"r.d tht whole land of CUlh." " And the nAmt of rht third river il Tig,is. which flows (,"stof1H Allyri ... Andthtfowrrhrivrril ,heEl<pbults. U2r.- :.:a: ....... ......,_ux_':.n_=_ -...u_ ... loiooooo>":..o: ... _ 0 """',8"" W'ntn .h. "vcr of Ed.n flo .... oll, ar. dineren. ,n nuu and .11 irom ,nt h"a<! of Ih. guden.1t .. InlO fou, flVtn. "'I,,,h (E .... ant). Each ...... ,v"'I>OiLcal,, "relen .. G'I<UIS""g-'4 vi m .. : ofCh" .. i.n f .. i.h (A"'_il). Tht
ocean rhat.ndrclc. [hc earlh ( JoH"o,DA'
, n.a,ionofthcrclourccful,comMnin,lnd hft1l,wing<hurch(Cr,.. .... ,,,.CH .. Y5OlI,.., .. ). 6ut,ht rivtfl n"\u .. callyr h."h. yar.auum.droh ... nu actual lIIcnc.(CHRrsosro .. ). 2: 10 14 A Flow.dfro ... Ed,n DUC .. .. OF THHRIV .. o. Eoil ... E' HluorHIISY. ,u,:MoltS turn.dtowrtt. abou,chc.,vutha,flowcdou,fromp.r.dllt and,h,.onc.ouuidcof i"dwidtdin,ofour di .. inct.ou".' .... ying. Attvorflow.doulof Ed.n'o 'n'.rp;lr.di . H.r ooM""ucall. ,hcdolightful"ndofparad"" Ed.n. If ,h, nvorhadindeedwa .. "td p ... di . i,would "0' h divid.d in,o.h. fou', " r.ou"id. n.l would . ugg"" ,ha, " " .... p".h'p.du. , 0 conv.nuon,h .. ,u .. "".d",o,,.,cr;.,ncc.h. ' p",fual'T.uofpaTadi h.dnon".dof war"r.Bu, if..,m.on hould"'r th., b"cau ,hr"c1pi.;,uat.h.yd.inkfrom.h.bl",ud and.p .. iruol w ... r. ,h .... 1 wouldno'qu . .... l "" ... h".Th. four r,v .... ha,flow"d from ,h .. ttlvcrwcrcnor.i mi lar,nlu<c,o .hc hcad.pring.Forifth.w.,,, ,,ofourland,,art .llbc,ngpl . .. d undC<th ... n nccoflcu .... how much mo. " d, .. inCl ohould .h" ...... of ,h. bl . .. ... of .. d undcr' h.curac of, heJl1.ItOn"du. , oAd.ml rran'grcu ,on of .ht comm.ndmen, ! Th" four rw., ... . hen. a .. h., .,: ,h. P"hon. wh,ch ",hc Danu;,.,; .h. Gihor .. ..,hicn .. 'n."'il.:.nd,h.n,h.Tigri. and.h.Eupnr ... .be.",e.nwh,chw.d",dl. Ahhough,h.piacc.iromwh.ch .n .. /lo"'lrc knowr..,h.lourcc o; , n<lpnn, .. no:knowr. S.cau.tpl",dilti, .tton a grea,hcigh . he ,.;veu.rc' ..... UoWi:dup.ga.n,.nd,h.yg" doW'nto,h.uaui f ,hrougha,,,n ... atcrduc, . .nd lo.hcypa .. . hrough,h.careh.h i. under.h cainto,hi.land.Theca"h,h.n Ipiuou.cachon. of,h.m:.h.Oanubc.which ,. ,hc P,. hon. in.hc,.,. .. " h"Gihon,n'f.( ,otl,h: and th. Euphra, ... nd.heTigri . in th. noe.n, Co ....... uuo"G ..... ' s a.6.' Sy ... OLlC/lohA .. ' .. COF TMtiFolI .. R.vti .... A .. IRon, Th.riy.,:we.r" .old: i ... p' ra din,ofourbranch .. :Thcn.nteofon.i, Piohon, whieh .ne"d",allth,"ndofH.vi ... ...hercth."ulold.And thcgoldolh .... nd " good: bdellium and ,here. Th. nlm, of.hc .. <ond riveri. Gihon.Thi. riy", "ne", cl aU th. land of Ethiopia. The n.mc of.h. th,rd.wcrioTignl. whoch nv fl_. b)' th. AUy,,"n . And,f.(fourthTive, i,.hc Euph ... " . There.r . ,herefore. f"u, riy .... Pi . h01'l-'" uned by ,he H.br,wl but nam.d Gangcooyth.Grocko-flQWI,nm.d ...... on oflndta. Gihon .. ,heriv ... Nil ..... hichfl ...... a.ound ,htland of Egyp' o. E.hiopia. Th,"nd "ndo .. dby ,h. Tigri, and EuphealcoriyerJi, called M ...... p"'.mi.a beeaUU'1 livu Oc ...... n .hcocrwonl'C1'$. Thi . nlm. """v.Y' iuloca .iontv.n,of,,dlllanlp"0pl .. . ndbc.id .xprc ..... popularOcli.f.6u,howi. ,hefoun' call.d ,h. Wiodom ofGod!Tha, ,hi. i. a foun, Ih.Go'p"I .. U.w .nm.wor,ulf lny<>nc ,hi .. ,. I", him . ome '0 m. and d .. nk."' Wiodom i foun,.cco.ding ,o.h'proph.,,Comc and u.m)'b ... adanddtltu.tl'ltw,ncwhidtlhlYc m'ngled for ....... :' AI \Yiodom i h. MUntam oflif . ,t "aUo,hefounla,n of.piriruolgn a . hi, . I.o tn.founta,nof o,h. , .;,ruc. lha: f I guideu.""hecouneofe .. moJlife.Therefort, ,he.tream . horirriga"'paradi.eri.ufTomthe .oul when well.illed. nO. f.om the.oul tha, lies uncultivated.Th. r.sulnfromitarefruir"cu of diverse vir.u . Ther. a fou r principal "e ha.con<ti.ure.he divi.io ... ofWisdom Th .., .., the welllmown four princip.l vir tu .. 'prudcnce . emp ... nce.fortitudeandj u. .ice. Th. wi.e m.n of,hi. world h.ve adopted hi. divi,ion from us and ,ran. fer..,d i,.o their wri,ing<. Hence.Wi.dom ,lCua he ... urce fromwhich.h .... fou.riv .... ak.th.;rri .. . producing.t ..... m.that compo .. dofth .. . Pi.hon.thcr.fore.Jtand.rorprudcnce H.ncei, haspur.gold.brilh.nt rubies and topa:Jton.s.W. oft.nrcf.r,owiscdiscove.ie. asgold ,th.Lordypcak,ng,h.oughth. prophct:"lgave,o.hemgold.ndsilvcr." D.nieluy. of.hewi.c:"tfyousl"pamong,hc midltofth.lot you.h.llbcaoth. wing.of th.dove cov.r.dwith silv.randth.hindcr paru ofh.r back likc,ogold."' In thi. "'a)' on. who pu"hio.,u", ,n the.id of ,h. Old and Ne .... Testam.n, can b)' r ou.edul inqui,) a ain ,h. inmo" . ccrct.of,hcWi.domof Goo. Herc . hercforc.i. found purcgold. no, h.m".lthati.mcltcd.whichbelong.tothi. .arthandi ubj ... tocorrup.ion.ln.hi.land we arc.old.,h",.i. found ,h. brillian. ruby stonc in which therccxisu.h. vltal.park of ou,souh.H .... . oo.i.,h.rop.:"on. ,h.,br ,h. naturcof i"colorrcvcals.n eff."of grc.n n . .. . ndvi,.lit). Pl.n<. ,hat are .liv.giv. forth grcen oprouto.whil. tho ... hor arc dead arc pl .... nddr)".Th ... rthgro,,.grc.nwheni ' i,,"bloom.Thc.ecds.too . .hoo .. ,nthci r p.nod, of grow,h.Tnc Tlv", l'ishon u cigh.fullr g,,cn firs: placc.Tn. H.brcw.collj,Pheoj"Son. wnienm.an. "eh.nycofmoutn: bec. usc.,f,ow,cven .hrough Lydi. and not merclraround one n.tion. for Wisdom. whicn i. ofbcn.fit.o all m.n.i.productin.ndustful.Hcncc.if.p ... sonwctc,olcovcparadis hi. r ivcrofWi. dom would be ,he firs. obj.ct he would meet Thu. he may no. become inert ,tndarid and hi . return ,op.radi.e m.ybcf.eili t.ted. Many mcnreJOn,o,hi have mac"clous bcautyand fecundity. Accord ingl)lti. rcgardcda< a figu ofWi.dom whichconferom.nifoldfTu".In.h.comingo( th. Lord ofulvation. It Aow o.he very end. of,he .. rtn.bceausebr Wi,domallh.v.bcen r.deemed. ThU$ it i. w,""en:" Th.ir sound ha< gon.fo .. hin.oall.h ..... h.ndthClrworw unto the end of.h. wo.ld." Th ceondriv.ri.Gihon.brwhich. when .herwerc.ojourningin Egyp'. " ... laid down .h. l.wofth. Jsr.eli .... ha"her.hould depa" from Egyp .' and having girded th.ir loino,h.).hould ignof."mpcr.Rp ... .. kcof . l.mb.lt.i. fittingthatth. ch .... and ,h anctificd,ho"ldcel.",.te th, Paschof ,h. Lo.d. For rhat .... on h. ob rv.nce of .h.l.wwa$fi."carrlCdou.bc.idetha.rivct . he nam.ofwhich signifieo an openingof.he .arth. Ther.forc.ju .... an op.ning.b ... rb th "h.ndwh . .. ... nd.cfusc ,hcrcmr brini:. inlikcm.nncrchutiq tend o coniume.n.h. p.s"ono of ,h. body Approp"atel). then. ,h.ob",,.ncc of rh. e"abll.hedl.,.,fimrookplacc . here.bcc.u .. carnal.in " .b.orbcd b)" ,h. law. And ' 0 Gihon. which ... figurcofcnasti.)".i ... id.o .urroundthelandofEthiopi. inordtrto ,, .. haw.)' ourlowi ) bodit<andqucncb.h
m Latln,," ;'o,)"and,il.: \\rn,,:i . more io,,I)". .. ha, is mOr<: 1iI E.hiopia. man ou.bodiu. blacken.d. 100. by cht darkn .... of Tht third ,iyer i. th. uS',a. which f10wa by .htASlyrianl.nd.To.hil.iv h. d"uiv". b.ul was dragged as. prison.,. Thi' """,il thclwin.-s,ofoll , i""".TheAasy,ianJ d ..... Ubyi.,gua.d;ngiucourat-for,hilil ch. m.an,ng of ill nam . H.nc. cho ..... ho by .h."formud.hold,nchkch"guilcfulvicu ofthcbody.nddi c hem .. lv ,ohigher thing.arcthougl"tohav .... m mon with ,h .. fi"" . For that m uon for "tud man .... frOnl,ha, JOU'CCin p,r.di, . Fonirudc in t<. rapid COlI . .. toUCS lIide .vuy.hinlllundlng.nitJp.,h.ndlike.hi. .iv.ril no,hindu.dbyanymu ... ialobnad . Th. fOIl h """,i.th. Euphra .... which mcan.inLa.in"ilIndityandabundanc.of fr"i":ltp.uen".'ymbolofj .... i.thtnou' ,ohm .. n. of""'Y ... II!. No .imK produc .. more.buncUntNnd'tJth.n."uiryo'junice. which i,morcconc.,n.d ... i.h o.h ... than with .... If. n.glecting iu own ad".nuSU and p",f.,. nng,h.commongood.Manyd.ri"cEuphrat from ,h. I .... d,.u h .. iI. from.f .... ingofllladn ... :bo:c.usc th. human nc ejo,cuinnothingmore.hani.doe.in j".nc nd."ut<),Th."u ... "",as,owhy. al.houghth.locanon,...,lfof'o,hn"" .. iI .. port .. d.w.n. ...... noducrip,ionofth.r.gioOi .hrougnwh,chth ... ,,Euphra flo .... cal .. io nan ... ".Tn ... ." ... ofth .. riv.r.rccon .id ... d,oh.v v;talqualirylh .. fo ... " grtt ... thand,ncreasc. 'Nhcr.forethcwIKm.n monglh.H.br ..... andth.ASlynan.c.ll.d ,hu rlvcr Awr.n [;ncrcu .. j ,ncontrad, .. inc. ""',o.h ....... rofooh .. ,rt".rs.T ... opp<>> I>on nu b'en well utlbl"".d ... n w",;om .nd mal"c. {or"tude.M'n . ...,'oil.ty ... mper . t>Ce. aMocn.'''"' u.j ... rlCC,onth.orn .. concordof'allth.oth.rv,r.u . H.ncei,i. not known {rttm the pl.ce. frttm which i. f1owl. th",il lolay.;,i.nOlknown;npan.j ... ,icc .. nOldiv;.ible ;nlOp ..... hi uh ... , th. mOlh .. ... follrr""'n ... .ymbolizcdthcrcfo .. th. rourprincipal "i. tu .... P ...... o' u J.,.,8. R .... LR," ..... CHtt.Y50STo .. 'p.,rh.p . ho .... ev .... ,ho .. peopl.wholik <>t.lkfrttm.h.ir oWn w;.aom cIo no,conccdeaga;n.har ,hen "v .... rcriv ... orthu ......... "'.lll'w ..... bu.propound ,Om. diff.renr;nt.rprcu,ionto peopk ... dytol.ndth.mlh.,.ca ... l.e ..... howcv ... bur ble>ck Our ura ag.inlt them; In ... inn.ad place ollrcrcoi.nct;ncrcd Scriptllr nd h .. d ... hari oldusthe . G.,..SlS,;.1",6! TH. R,,,,,, OP EO. N b T H E Ocu" T ' U T ENCI.CUS T H II E .. .. TH. JOH>I D"H .. s, cus:Thenthc .. ilrhee>c ndt arenci.dClrh. . nti"'urdtlik ..... rtofri vcr.ndtowhichi r ... hen" ui-dthar.ri ... rflowcdoutofpa .. d ... :hh .. .... etpot.ble .. .... and.llppli h ........ but bccauscthc .. a'er"'mainutlgnan.inth .... as for a long Ome It bracki.h. Th lln and ,h. ,,at.tIpoull ar. con .. antly d ..... ingup th.l ... d ...., ... a .. r ndfromth .. ,hcdoll.u arc fo,med and ,h. ralO come ,h. w.ter b .. comini:.wect by fil .. a<;"n. Thil ocean isdi. vided,n'ofourhca.ds.offournv .... Th.nam. o(th.6 .. , is PlJhon;,h,. i.th.Gansuoflndi . Th. name of the KCOnd IS G.hon; ,hu i h Nil wh,ch (omeo down frttm E.h'opia 10'0 Egypt.Tncnamcoftitc.hirdtlT,gri . ndof' hand'"titemosr,mpo"an:u,:rcprc'.nt$r'' ' 'FCf:!'2'.I)OJ.'l'GU:UO;FC1.,177.7l.
TK. Rn' OF ED." P .... p, oUaIl THI!CHaI IT, u,CHuac;u.Cyp The ,hur,h f.ui,flll <ree. ... lIhin in ... an . lt wat ... Ihe .. Ire.' with fou, rwe .. , that is. with Ihe fou. Go.pcll, f,om which i, bes,ows Ihe g'Ke ofbap".m by ,h.u.lllu.ryandhcavenly,nundallOn.Canh. who"no"n.ide,hechurchbcwal.redf,om .h.folln 'n.oflhechurchlH ...... ouldon. who ,s pcrver .. and condemn.db}' h,msclf and ban"hed beyond Ihc fOlln, .. n.ofpara di .. p,ovidcahcal.hflllre.ollrceofwa .. r' How could one whohu dricd IIp.nd has fail.d .... th.h.drynu.of .... nal,h, .. , .... , ..... uPO" 1I11I"rydronluof pa.aducfLITTIUO}.,O." THIIC"OLlNG ST ... AMS 0' V ...... D'U. CHUSO$TOM: AW";n'pi,ing, in trulh,are the my""'" o( ,he church. Awuom. tru,h i. '" "ha"Afounlainsprangupoutofpa .. d,se, .. ndingforthnotonlyv,.ibleurumlbulal ... 'p,ri lual.trum.ari.ingu a foun,.in from ,h"high,ablrland.Along.ide .hi.folln .. in th .. chavcgrown, no, willowlwi,hou,f.ui, bu,abundan,rru. r.aching.ohuycniu.lf, wi,hf,ui.cvor inICuonand.emliningltill incorrup . lfl<l mron.i.intcnnlrho" lc,h"n cometolh,.fountlinlndcooldown.hi. fevc ... h hut. It dupcl'parch, ng hut a"" I""dycoohallthing.thlt .. cvcryh.,,-no, onl)'tholfht ... Uyinflam.dby.h .... ". h t butaIJ.OlhOI ,tonfi",br"n.burn,ng Irrowl.ltdoCl.ob.cou .. "uk"". beg,n.
and from Ih.", il .. fcd. Many arc th. "rclm$ o(thllfoun, .. n,."eamsthlllheParad ... ICnd.forlh:andlhcSonbccomultICUJlO d,an, not heping".chann,l opcn w"ha m .. lockb .. ,b)'mak,ngourhea'"rfCCP"VC, 46.4." 2:1; li GOD COMMANDS THE MAN NOT TO EAT OF THE TREE OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOOD AND EVIL Il Tht LoaD God look Iht ma"' pili bim ," Iht gardtn till " <lnd "'.tr I:. 'fAnd Ibt LOAD God comma"dt.llht m<ln,' illyi "g, ' rOil fttely talllf tutr] ,rlt of Ih. gardln; " bill of rh. Irtt of rh. "'no ... l,dg. of gDO.l and ]1111 dUll! "01 ta:, (IIr In lb .Ill) Ih<lI]lIl1ll1ll1filyollihaUdit: QYla" l Bw:To lilla"d kocr ,h, glrd.n mean, m,"" firn man " "$ eT<' ,obelocv. ,"Godandlokccrln. comma"';. a .. d pc.foc: In,! iotnll rcaSon "'upjacc<i'n Ed.n,ogua,di, (OR,GENj. Heworkedand guordedthegard.nofEd.n.buthi,workwa. not toil.ome (AUGUSTINS). Tho work of the fi,,, ma" demons" .... that there i.a natural b.nt fo, work in man (Sn. eoN THB NBW T"."LOGIANj. Th., ... ofknowlodgeisa bound. ry totho inner<egionofpaTOdis EpHRBN). Theneeof the knowledgeofgoodand.vil gOt its namo bdore man brokt God', commandm.n, by touch1ng it (AUGUSTINBj . God', d.cr . which "a, .. sign of his grace (ATH"""slus). The d<.,h Impotod b)' God on ,ho .. whowiU "ansgr ... hi. decree i complet. du,h (AUGUST'NB). Th. " .. brought moruliTJ' to mm. but in th. rormof.h<croSl ir will bring them intop ... - di sc J nUSAlEM). Th. "e. of know I odgesymbolicaUrreprescntsthopowt,o( discornm.n,(jo"N".OA", A&CUsj. [n paradi .. Adam lived in hi. body on "hbu,i" h .. Ed.n he could u, of every ".e free ly (JOH" OfO ...... SCUS) but wi,hin ,h. bound.ri ... et (CHRYSOSTOM). n.o tro. of ,h. I:nowlodg. of good .nd evilpoinutoth wtn,$.Oofdivine con .. mpl .. ion (JoHNofO ...... scus).Th.I .... "gi .. nas. ma .. rial for free witl toacr upon (G .... GORY 0. N .. zI .. "zus j in order toencOur .ge tbe u<rcis. of virtu. (CHRYSOSTO .. j. 2,15 n,. .. Put in th. Gilrd,n 10 Till Jt TH. F'RST Mu, PU.CBO IN EOBN a UCAun OF H, s P."'IICTION. O"".:aN: How would Godh.Yepl.cedwh.t", .. imper. fec,.nparadi .. " , workandguardi t fFo.b< wbo " capabieof .. d to spri n upaf .. rw.rd.wouldnot u onahl r h. :aUedimp<r':.Pernaps, lher . . Jthougnh< WH h. bocamo impufocr in som. w'), b"'\lStofh;srr.n'grusionandwa.inn .. d of one to perfect him from hi. imperfection .
MAN's WOR>, IN EDEN WAS NOT TOll ' SOME. AUGUSTH<f: Although man was pl.ced in p.radi ... o as.o work.ndguard il . that praioeworth)' work was not ,oil.ome. For the work in paradise i. quite diff'erent from the workontheunhro ... hichhewa.condemned .f .. r,h in.Thoaddition".nd toguardit" it was. For in tb. tranquih.yofththappy lir., ... h.rethe .. isno death. ,h. onlj' work is '0 guard wna'rou po . ..... Two BOOKS ON GBNUIS AG"' NST THE M ..... ICH .. E .. T, LLl NG .. NO K n "'NG T .. . G .... 01JN. SnvuuNoFC .. uL .. :Tillingth th. ko.ping th< commandmena of God and fide! ity totho5<comm. ndmen .. wa. the"Labor "of God . .. . JuSlubeJieYinginChri .. i -worl:: ,0 .1.0 ... 'u Ad.m'.fai,hfulkupingofGod', comm.nd. Jfh.,ouch.d,he "et, h. w<>uld di . . "Work" wa. kceping,h. spiritual word .. Tho tut uy. "wo.l: and protect it." From what, There were no thieve . ,ravel .. o or peo plc with bad in .. n,ion,,'Procr i, from whu, From him .. lf. Do nO, i, b)' an" gre .. ing,he command.ln .... d.h.wouldprt .. rverhecommandm.ntandin ,od<>ing pres.rvenim. elfinpa,adi . ONTHfCU' ATIONOFTHHWOUO S-s. ' T HIS WOR>' OENONST"A.TU M .. N'. " .. T .... "'ALB.NTPO,, ' VOR>,. $VMBONTHENE" THBOLOG,,,r<:]n the bcg;nn;ng man "'ascrt- a,.dw;thanlture;nc!ined<owotk.forin paradise Adam was enjoined to till the g.oundandcanfo.it.andthereisinuia naturalben,forwork.themovemen,.oward ,he good. Those who yidd thcm,dves '0 idleneuandapathy.eventhough.heymaJ be spiritual and holy.hutlrhmselv .. in.o unnaruralsubrction.opassions.D, .- 2, 16-17 ltfAn Forbidd.n roE .. lof lht Tret of Ih. Know!edgt of Good And Evil THE T .. HE OF KNOWLeDGE A S OUN"""'t
In.hcvuy mids,hcpl.nted Ihe Tree of Knowledge. cndQwing 11 with wonder. hedging i,in with dread oOlhati,mightstraighrw.yse.V<' u. boundary to.he inner rtg,onof parad,.c_ Two rhing. did Adorn hut in.hatsingltdu .. ., tha hey.hould not ea'Qfi, and.hat.bY l hrinkingfmmi" they shQuld perccive.h .. it wu no, lawful IOpenetraICfurthtt.beyondth.t,, HYMNso"P"""",sa,.,.' T.n V"LUE OF EVIlItY Tllu.JOH" OF DA' MAScus:ForGod"rl."Ofevery rreeofpara d .. eYQu.hancu,"rncaning.lthink,bymeans of all creatcd things you wili be drawn up.o me . heirCrea<o . and fmm.hcm rcap.he Onc fru", which is mysdf. wh<> am .hclrue life. Let .11 ,hings bt f,uitfuliif.t<>you,anci m.kep., ,ic,pati<>ninmt.obttht.ubstanccofy<>u" ownexistence.f<>r,nu' y<>u,hallb.,mmof .. DIO THE TlllIlI Of THII KNOWLHOGH Of Gooo ANO Evil. GilT ITs N u u! AVGVS- TI"H:WithoutgO<>drca.onccrtainwritcn .. e dccplypunlcdwhcnthcy . .. k.odi.covet hQW the t .. e ofthc knowledge ofgO<>d and ev;lcouldhavchccn,Q,all.db.fore man b.ok.God.commandmcntby.ouching;, and from expcrienccdi.ccrning the diff .. enc" betwecn thc good that he lost and the evil ,ha, he cQmmitted.NQw,lhi."ccwugiven.his
Iheprohibi'ionandn<>'toucbit,taking carc 10 avoid suffcringthc con.eque"ce. of,ouch - ;ng;' aga,n" ,he prohibit;on. Ir was no, becau .. thcysubsequentl),wenraga,n .. ,he co.nmandmen,anda .. thefru;"ha"bctru became the "ee of the knowledgeofg<><>d and eviL Even if the), had remained obcdicn' and h.d,.ken nothing.gai n" ,hat command ment.i,w<>uldbec<>rrcct!ycalledbrwh., w<>uldhappcn 1<> them th .. c ifthcr had taken .h. fruit. ON T.U L'TU,AL oFGaNUIs&.I$.j)." THE Two TIl>lIl . SaV>lIl'"'' OF GAUL,<: Th. TreeofLif" .. ood in the middle of paradi like ... ophJ'.ThtTrC<' ofKn<>wlcdgc.,ood a. a con,ut. If you keep.hc commandmcn, of thi,trcc.youwiJlrccc;vea prize_Socon.id .. this marvelous dlOught: Evttv rrccin parad,.e ,,'as in blo<>m.and fruit wa. 10 abundan<r .vcrywh .... Oniyi n.hec. n .. rarctheduoof ,<>mpe",,<>n and .. ruggl., THB CU4T'O"
Goo's PIlOHIBI T]O"" S, ,,,, OF H , . G ..... C E. ATH"""S,,)s:Knowingoncc morcho"' ,he '51>=,,,,' ' H0f>91 'FC17.:!11,'AC\Io " ,SS.S6,'P:: >600&; willofmlncouldlwly.oti.hulidc. inlll.ic 'pacioIlGoducurcd.hc,racc,i<'1'lIlhemby' commlndandbytheplaccwherchcplll.hem. Forh.b.ough hcminlohi.own,udcnand g.vcthemlllw.orha,.iflberkeplthegrace and rcm.incd good. lhey mighl "ill kccpthe life.npar.diuwi,holl.oorn)wo'p.ino,eare. "".,dcl having thc prom.lCofil\Corn.tpuon in hu ... n. Bill if,hcytranlg,eucdand,",ncd back.nd""elm.e"i1. ther m,gh,kn ..... ,hat th.y .... crc'ncllrrlng,hllcorrllpllonindea.h .hatwUlhclf.byna.u.e.noLongertoilvein plf.diubu,ClJlou,ofilf.om,hatumcforth ,od,c.nd abicie in cicath and corrup.ion. 0" THI I .. C ......... T'O ... 1 .. ' THI Low G,V.", ToAo .... ,''' P ....... o.u. GUGO",Y OF N .. z ... ",zus: [God gavc A.um] I 1 ... .. ,mar.".lfo.hl$fr ..... ill . oac.on. nu. 10 ... WII a commandmen .... o whit pl.onuhe m'ghl ... hich One h. migh,nol,ollch.Thi,la.,er ... uthctfeeo( knowkdgc:no . ho ... "v . ""call i, ... uevil from the ""''''ntngwhenplan.ed.nor wu11
nOllh nem'CJofGod ... .haldlf .. "onor,mltll h."'rpcn:.BII.il ifparlahnofal .he proper "me. Th. ....... 10 my .. i')n,whi<hilufeonl)'for ho$Cwhoh.ve,eachedmllurityofhbil.o elllcrupon.bll: ... hichi. notgoodfo"ho$C who a.c $tiU IOmewh "mple andg,cedy.jllu u ne,th., "lOlid foodgood for.holC who arc ".1 tender Ind of milk. SICO .. O O ..... no'" 0 ... E"5TU 8. B"T ......... " au".G GOI'"P"Olt "ITIO'" Hu ...... ,Ty b Co .. " ',,,,,,, TO CO ... LITI D ... TH.AIIGIIST.",[:GD<i,r.f.rrtngtothe ... i", .. t;'efjrllman ... hom hehadullblilhedillpaculiu::ln,he .... Y .halyolllh.llu.ofit.yolllhalldietht deuh." H; . Ihceal illcluded 110. ollly.hefirll partof.hefj",deuh hui helolll'lde. privatioll of God; no. only . he Iccond pari of thefjratdeath. thotil.thcbodyldeprivation of.helolll:llo,onlythewholcofthefjn. dcuhill",hich,hclolIl.lcpauI.df,ombo.h God alldthe body. i.punUh.d;bu .... hllucr ofdcathllllp.olndindlld,ngtlta I .. o. IIl.clyfjll.l.nd.o.caHedluonddcuh . .. ln which.hclolIl.dcp.ivedofGodbllluniled rothebod),llffcrl elCrnalp"nilhmcnt. C.TYOFGooI1t1" TH. T".I .... THI Fo" .. OF THI C .. OU 6"'''GI S .. LUTIO" TO Hu .... ... TT. JUIIUU .. : Al,hougb ,0 A.um I,"'U wd "Fo,thedaryolI ... ofi . youmulld,e: .oday"rouh.vebcenfa;.hfuI.Todarwill b.ingyollul""ion.The tree brollghlrll,n'o Adam;.hct.tt [of life I lhaHbringyo .. ,n.o p.radlle. Fur nO. ,be le'p.nt: h. , hallno: e",I YO" Ollt. for he hu f,Hen from urno. to YOII.Thi.d.aYYOu5halldep''': bUI"Th" day y ..... hall "" with me.""C .. n. CHIT.CAlLICTII"U',ll." TH. T" .. Of "' .. owLa" Ga Rlln,IU"'TI T H. Pow." 0 . D , sc. " "' .. . ,,T.JoHI<o D .... AScus: The cc or of good Induililth.po ..... ofdi.cc.nmtnlbymlllti. ci,m.nl;onal "uion. Th .. i. 'he comple.e know.ng of one'. Own natu..,. Of ,,,.If ' I mill ' ifCJlllhcmagllin.:cllceofth.Crutor ntlni. good fo,them thlf aTe fuUgrown alld have u .... "" _" ........... "FCM;J4.2S in the contemplation of God-for them that hav.nof.arofchanging,becau,.in thccouneof.ime.heyhaveacquir.dacenain habirof.uchcontemplorion.lti,notgood, however,for.uch as arenill young and arc moreg.cedyin theitappetit . who,buau.c of,h.uncenaintyofth.irp .... veranc. inth. trut good and l><cau$O of their not YCt l><ing ,olidlyenabli ,hd inth.ir applicat ion.o.he only good. are naturally indined to be drawn .w.yanddiracredhyth.i,..,licitudefor ,he"ownbodiu.ORTHoooxF..'TH . tt. " TMBTI""o.L, n . Jo""orD"",,,scus Some hav. imagined paradise.o have bcen m.te,ial.whileother,haveimaginedi"o havcbc.nspiri.ual.How.ver.i'$Ocm"ome ,hatjuSta.<m.nw.,cre ... dbo, h nsi.ivc .ndintell.ctual"odidthi'mo .. domainofhish.vethetwofolda.pectofbcing p .. ceptibl.bo.h to the n .. , and to th. mind. For while in hi,bodj' he dweh in ,hi. mo .. ucredandluperblybeaulifulpl..a. we hove.elatcd.spiritually he resid.d in . loftier.ndfar more beautiful place. n .. e ht hod the indwelling God as a dwelling place and wore him as a glo.ious g rnent, H. was wrapped abou. wi.h hi. g,aa. and like SOme One of the ang<:1s he.ejoiced in the.njoymen. of,ha,ontmo".we .. f.ui,whichis.h.con ternpla<ionofGod.andby.hi.h.wasnour i.hed.Now.hi.i,indeedwha,isfi.ti ngIJ catl.d .he" oflif . fo,th w".,ne"of divine contempl.tion communicate. a life uninterruptcdbyd ... htothcmthatpa.toke F"IT" 1820 A HELPER FIT FOR THE MAN IS NOT YET FOUND "Then th. LOIlD God said. "It IJ nOt good tha: tht man should bt alone; I",;li m4kl him a he!pH fir for hi",: "So owl of Ih. grow" d th. LOIlD God fo rmed tVI,y btut of Ih. fir1d and tvery bird of the air, and brought thrm to th. man" to st. whM h. would <41l th .... , a"d whalt"er Ihe man" ,aUrd tvtry livi ng ,,,atll'e, that wc. its name. m4n" gave nam" to all utile, and 10 Ihe birds oflhe air, and to tVtTY beaJl ofth. field: bllt for tht mar. " Ihtrt was lIotfounda htlptrfi:for him. OVIIRVt"W, Man n .. cied a Decau .. he &O$TO", ). God Dmugh: tne >nlmal . 10 Adorn "ill had to bt .. .. d In Ch,.;" (CH"'" b,' t". minist ry of angel , (AlJ(:unl"Ej ;r. haT' mony be.ween man and .h. anim.l. uill.d befor.,he . ,n(EPH ..... l uperior.oth.m.ll ( .... llGu5TIN.). lnourag. , .h.nla.oChri l .. h.Il,,'man,nEd.n ( lsucofN""svsHj. Inlhenamingof.nimal.,humaniri,hon . or.d(CHIlYSOSTO .. ) ..... d.muhibi ... wi 10 ... for .h nim.l. (bHu,,). which .r. brough ohimby lh.Lord(CHIlTSOSTONj. H .. " , h.domln,on of uono ... rn .. h" m.'n 'n.d ( ...... BIlOS.j. 2: 18 Ml r l . NPf Th ... the Man 8 e Alonc" M .. ", NIIOBD .. Hu ... 8.,0 ... Hu R.."."' ...... TIO'" ' '''CH .... T.CH .. noSTo .. ' ..... tha. um. ' God .. id,(..e,u.m .. kefor him . he1p.r:bu, in Ih umu '. God uy. nO ouch
,h. Spm, need.ny o.h.r h.lp' Ho,,' much nc.dof .. ".unco,nlh.fu,ureh h.who IlIl.ou h.bod}, ofChrUl I .... ,.h.,"m.h. m .. d. man to ,h. ,m'ge of God. bu, now h. huuni dhim.oGodh,m lf ..... "ha im. h.comn .. nd.d,h. m.n.orul".wu.h.fl , he. . nd.h.be .. n . No,,h.hu .. , . g,v.nwth,p"TI' d".,o ,nh.bi,i,. No ... ' h.h .. opcn.d ,h. g ofh ..... n . OIU ..... ' Ih., urn. m.n wu formed on ,h. "nh dar.bec.uu ,h . .. on h.d 10 be ,0mplcd.Nowhei , form.don,h.flrJld.y ndfrom.h.beginninglnd,n,h.ligh . .. ' Wo ........ .. Run, .. ". TuTulu ..... : jln good . nU, God) pN>V,d.d .. loolh. lp m .,fo, I.h. manl th.t tnere might no.b ny,hinginhi l 10; tha: " . no' ilo"'!. Fo, God uid that ,ti, notgood for.hem.n .obellon . Hekn.,, full w.ll what . blc" ing .h. gender of Ma." would be to him and.lso 10 th. chureh A" .. ,NST M .... c 'o" , ... .' .... n .... ' Ho .. . W.u P ..... o . ... S.Vu. , .. " Of G ...... L .. : Whil e Adam had b.rn gi n .h. whol.,.arth,he hadb ngiv.np .... dll.for hi. hom . H. couldluvc .. ndgooulofp ..... di .. ,bul.ht: .. wuno habitabl'plac.for hum.n. wyond iu bo,d.n-only for ".., I"" In,m.b, four . footed .n,mali. wild mOno ... ".nd , .. w!ingbug . Hi . b .... meaand palacc wuloc.dinparadi .. . s.u"""of.hi . GodbtolLgh, ,h.llVing (:Tutu,uto .... d .. n; .hrh.dbe.nupltr ... d f"rnmh,m. For.l.v do no,.I .... y ... andin Ih.i. m .... ", pr cncc;.h.,. ... pru.n, onl) wh.n n.ed.d. The living (f.ature! w ... nam.dlndimm.di .. ely n'a".' ..... dam. how ..... , .. main.din p ... d, ... O!<THJCU .. T'Of< Of'THI WOIlU)6'1.' Ho,,' 0 . 0 GOD S ........ .... NI .... LI TO .... D .... .... UGUST'''.: No ....... ohould no. imagin. God bringing.h nim.l .to .... d.m in I (fud.I) m .. cri.l w.}. What I ha .... id ,n ,h.p ... ed,ngbookaboullh.twOfoldworking of diyi nePToo-id.ncc.houldbc.hel ph ... W.muOlno,.uppo .. lha,thc lnom.b"", .. btolLghtlo .... d.m ..... h.nhun ..... nd fo ... I ... ... kth.moulandd,i ... ,hem,n,olh."n ... ...hcn Ih.y.ngag. in the chase. Nor w .. th ... I command lpok.nbra vo". from. doud in wor.uthllr.,iona! cn,:a.ur<sonh .,ng ........ ldundetsundanclob<:)'.Ik .... uandbirc!1 baveno ueivec!.ucbp<lwe . But.cco.ding tOlbei. nIlUre.h.yob.yGod.no.by ara.io nal fru choice of th<: will buta<:cofding to th. plan by which God movu all <rutura u ,h. appropri.,e,im ... Ahhoughh.i.h;mtelf unm ..... ed In .;me. ,he angd. who minifler 10 blmunc!e .. ,andinbiI Wo.dwhal,hing.are lobe done., appo;nled tim . And h.nte. w;tho",.ny,emp<lralmo.ioninGod . h ngeb.re m"ved in lime 10 accompli.h hi. will In .he <TeUura ,bat an lubju. lo,hem. 0 .. THE LITU.Al h"TIIPUT .. T'ON OF GIN. A C., .. PUTI HA .... " .. Y B.TWU N M .. .... DTH IA .. " ... u.E.HU .. THBSUJ .... : M",cl laic!."God brougb, ,bem '" Adam: Thll bap"",ned In o.d .. ,hI< God mlgb, make known ,he wlwom of Acbm and .he ha.mon) ,hI! betw n ,he animalo and Adam beforeh.'''''"g.elled,hec"mmandmen'. Th. anImal. c. me 10 Adam u '" ,lOVIng lh.ph.rc.Wi'h"ulfearlheypauedbcfor.
. ,n. Thcy WCf. nCld af.aid nfhim no, w ... ,h.yaf.aidof.acholher.A'p<:ciuofprec!o. '''ry .",m.l, w"uld pUI by wi . h a Ipeciu nr animo.lthll .. p,.y.dup"nfollnwingoafely flgh,behinc.CO ..... NT .. noNG ..... , $ . t): M .... II SU .... IO .. ToA .. y A .. ' ....... AUGUI TlNm, Gnd fiut Ihnwed man hn .... much bCI ' le. h. wu.han callI. and aU irrational ani mab. Thil is .. gnin.d by .h. IIU.m.n' Ih .. al l Iheanimals "",rebrn .. gh"" h,rn.th"h. mlllh,.cc,,h.,newn .. ldcall tne ..... ndgw. ,h.m name . Th" Ihn .. '"at man " be".: .. 'ppeci than ,h nlmalo in ,.;" .. . " f , .nn ... nee nnh re .. "n ,h .. judg themio ableloc! .. ,inguilhanc!knnwthcm by name. The on. ic!u is an nor onc In
l>.ttuequipped,hancutle.Theo.h idcai. a difficuh one '0 grasp. namel) . h .. br whichheunc!u .. .. "nno.lpart in him ,h ..... Iel 11 di .. in" f .,m ,he ammal parI . whI ch il rultd. Two BooII ' ON SlsA""' ''STTHl M .. "'C ....... THB HU ... L. M .... ; Is L , A D .... I .. En.",. Is .... c O. N, ... VBH, Ht who .peau contemp' tuously ago"UI .he humble man and does n,,: c"nliderh,mananimate,realUr.ll1ih"ne wh" h .. opened hi,m"Ulh'g.inll Go-ci. And ,bn .. gh,hehumbltmani.cnntemp,ibl.inhil eye hllhnnn.llu.eem.dbr llcr .. "nn Th. humble m.n app ..... ,he aven"us beu ... and ... hen,helfguetclt. up<lnh,m . h .. . wildnU$ I1 .. mec!. Tbty come .. p In him ... '" thtirM"IO,.wallhei. h .. d.anduil nd lick hi. hand. and f.c,. f". Ih.y I m.Ucom,ng fmm hIm ,h .... m. letn' .h., uhaltd &om Ad.mbefo.e lh.fo.ll . whenlh.y .... r.gath ered,osetherbef.,..him.ndhegave,h.m n.mes in paradIse. Th ....... taken a .. .y f.nm w.b",Jesus h .. re new.d i,ancl g,ven il back .0u, .h.nullhhiscnmmg.Th,.il ... hath ... IweClened.hefug.anc. "f.h.rac. ofmen. Ascn,c.u HO"'LIES 17.' ... ,c.o.N""' ''CT .. . A''' ''''L' . C .. usoSYo .. , Th"se nam ... ha. (Adam] impo$cdnn,hemr.m.inup,o.h'p,escn, .ime. In ,hi . ... ay Gnd determined ,h., ... e mig], tr .. .,nacnn ... n'TCmind",nf ,he ..'.e .... wh,ch.hthumanb.,n,from.h.n .. i .e,recclv.dfrom';'cLordof ,nannmlgh, attribu,erupon,ibilityforittremovalloa perlOn who by lin PUI an abrllp' end 10 hi' au,hority.Ho .. ,L' B50NGINu' 5'.:10. " A .. , .... Li R BIBNT H" .... NP .... ' ON A .... on: The tKuu of Ihe field and .he birdJof,hea" ... hich...,RbroughtloAdom Ire ouri.ndonal lenses. bocallle bult land animals r'preoen, ,he diverse pauions o{lhe
ev.O of the mOR.empe ... e .... Godg .. n.ed .0 you.hepower oftKingable.o dilcern by thc.pplic ... ionofoobcrl<>gJC . Mlpeciao{ cKhand.v.ryobj.ninord"rthuyollmaybo indllced to form 1jlldgmen,onaU oflhem. God uJlcd them all ,oyour ... ention lO.ha. you might reahzcthat your mh.diS l upe.ior 10 all of them. P ..... o'u '''S' S1.'' 2:212; GOD CREATES WOMAN I' SD God cllumi dup 'leep" 10 fll!1 upon Ihe mlln,! IIl1d whil. h, $Jepr rook on, I>f hil rib, IIl1 d cloud "p it! pillet w;lh finh; " lInd rbe rib which tb. Low God hlld IlIken from Ih. mlln h. mll.:l. ' ;1110 11 wOmOn IInd bro"ghl hr' 11> 110. mllO. u Th.n Iht man ' 'lIid, 'Thjl lllllllli,hntof"'Jbl>lIcI andfir,hof myjl.,h; Womall,1 b.ul/lt "'Ill IlIlttll 0,,1 of Mall. " Tb .. cfo 11 hi, flllh" IIl1d hi' mGlhn and c1.lIve, 10 hil "'ift, and Ih.l on,jlt,h. " "nd Ih, mllnllndhi' '''if' w e bOlhnalted,lInd",,,. norll,hllmcd Qv."v, . w: 11 "out of. bare bone thu God of.hc fallen Eve', birth_giving (CHUSOSro .. ). ,n"and), crealCllhe full boaul)' of Wom1n The wOman w ... in order 10 help man ,n (EI'HIlDt.CNuSOSTWI ). AI Eve ...... born good worlu (AIIGUST,S.) bUI .boye all for Ihe wllnou, a mOlher.1O .. ... Jesus born wllholl'. like of boating . hHdren (A .. ftIlOSE .... UGUS iath.r (Cu, c o. JE1I.USALE .. ). God willed Ina, TrNI). She " .. Iuper;or 10 an)' an,mal In he, Ih" ,wn. mal e and female. be es.abli.ned.. abH,,}" to help ( E,I<IlDt). wnen Ihe woman one (AM non ). Eye', creatIon ,,'U p.inl .... '0 wu cre.,ed from man', rib. he prooabi}" ,h. unf.lien Ad.m. ln cantru, witn Ine p'''' dreamed of the rib Ih: ..... remove.! fmrr. him (En<UM). God in fi ... man. him d.um for fin. time (T ... TULU.o><). The fin. man poo. n ... ed.hcpowe.ofproph.cy(CLI .. I><TOf ALIIXA><DI,.o) .hroughwhichhund ... ,ood what wu finally.o come (AUGUST'''.), The ,,,,a.ion of the woman from the man', rib Ilgnifiu that 'he woman I1 one with the man. 11 Ch.", il one with the ch .. rch (AuGUI' T,"I ).He.c.u.ion allO lymbohu lth.c. e anonaflh hu.ch (]UONa.QuODVUlTOIU.j. The unlan of man and woman impl iu a .clll.n .alhei.a.igin(EP"R1!M).hallolymboliuo .h.,pim .. aJmarriageafhumanbeinglwith h.,hllrch (AuGUST,,,m) and,hoi.lln,an w ieh Ch .... (AN .. "' .. ). Ha"' ...... th.y mill< be Int p, ... duaninvita.ion.ach.,tltyand celib.,) {A ...... .oHAT).1ne ch .. "h ... h. mat he. af ,h. ... hUmanll),. u Eve ... u of .h. aid (QIIODVULTDIi ... ). Bcfa.., 11n man and wamanwe.cnak.d andn,,, "ham.d.becaulc ,he)' wc.e clathed with glo' r (Ep ...... N). n.i. .u .. ala.gan,cauldna,affend.becau.ether wc,cno "rr.dbyconcllpiacen,du,,. (AlIGuST' NI).Wca..,b"p"ud ,uked,nord., la m1nd ". of Our form n.k.dn.u in p ..... d,n. wh.n wc wc.., naked and nOI uhamed (CHlO' lOnDNj. In ...... ion man and woman were nwd .. nd 001 uhamed. They we,.., nOI weighed down br bodilrnccd.uth.ydcavedto...:hothe. (C .... VSOSTON). The relarion of man and woman 'npa.aci, .. uanticipaultyoftn .... urrcaion..: the fa .. hNl (GIJlGOIO' Of Nns..j. Ai't.cr doe fall cameal,.nanon(DoIlOTliIiUlo,G.oU). O. Of wham In Ine "'as do.ma.h.rI.u?Bu,lheSCrip'" ...... Y'.h .. ' .... lborno .. ,ofAd.amI'id . lIEv.lh.n bo.noulofman idcwilhaul.moth nd il a child nOI 10 be!>orn wilhoul o fathcr. ofo vi.gi,,, womb!Thi.dcbtofgratil .. de,, .. dlle 10 m.n f.om womankind: for Eve .. .. bega' I.n of Ad am and no' cancciv.d ofo mo.hct. bllluitwc,..,broughtfanhofmonalone. C.oT.CH.T,CU LIiCT .... U 1 . 9. ' A D ... Su . "God cau.ed drow.,nUI.o (amo upon Adom; ,he teX, oar', "andhe.lepl:l, ,, .. ntoimpl,drawJl nu.,n .. t came .. wiscandlkillfulcrea,o-rofou, n .. ture,u obo .. "a moveaneofAdaml ribJ,.lul.h. up"".ncc callH Adorn .. fru,,ud 10 be b.adl)' di'poud.o ... ard do. cruture formed from h .. rib and throullh m.mOl'}ofthe pa.nbeara grudg.oga,n., Ihi.being .. " . forma"on. God induc<dinnimlhi.kindof.lccp.Godcau d drowlinell 10 come u!",nhim andbidh,mbe weigheddownulhoughbJ'lotneh.a"Y .... igh,.Ho .. ,uuo,;Gn .. u's's.;.' F"o"" AO.oN' R, . 55""".0'; orG ..... L.o Did Adam nal suffer pain! D.d h. no: up"'" .n .. ogonyfAlingl.hai ri 'pluck.dfrom,he bod)' and wC fed pain. Enn ifone "dccplr aol .. p, he wiJ].,...k. from thep.,n, He . manrhai .. arepl .. ckedou . e":n a dblarnau"and,heolccp .. do .. no,awoke! Goddidnol..,movothe.ihvlOlend).wh"h would ..... kenAd.m. H.d,d no. ",.encb il all'. In .. cad SC.ip ...... d lflng.a , ...... 1.". '1 .. ickne ... .iboutofh,mlndhed,dno:.".kt:O,,THfi CnnlO .. ofTHEWOILDSS ' Ev. be1o"en; Wnl< mo'; , cancc,ved ne,. 'NP"-'J' :"40. 'I"G_I.c. TH. S b Now BONBO. M, BONB. EPHlI .. THBS' .. ' .. N:"Thil now"-l h ... il.lheon. wha h ... com. 10 me .. f,e. an'maJ. _is na, l uchuthcy;thcycamefromth.carth,but I h.i. "bon.of mybon.and Au hof myAuh: Adam ... idthi itherinapropheticway or,u nOledabow. ,according,oh ... isianln.l ... p. Andj u,,",on thi. daj" .. n .he .. nimllo r.c.h,.d from Adam.htir nam ..... ccordinglo Ihcirk,nd ........ l .... th.bon ... m .. d .. 'n.o .. wnm"n. he ulLd n", by h .. , proper name. Ewc.butb) lhcnam.of wom .. n . h.n .. m. bcl onging.o .h. whol.kind.Co .... fiNT .... IES
Wo ....... b M .. N' HUPfi ... AUGUi' TI .. B:Scr>p'ur ..... y ha,.h .... aman" ... m.d .... manlhclptr .a d .. ,by.piri' ... al un,anlh.mlgh,brtngforrhlp,ritualoff 'pronl!, .ha.IO" h'goodworuofd,,"ln. pr.i.."whil. he rule. and , he obey . He 11 ruled b,. wi.dom: sh ... b)' man. For Chri .. lI .h .. h .. dof.he m.n, .. ndth.m .. n, ht hud " f th ..... "m .. n. ' Two 8001<5 0'" G!J<ES,sAa,,'NSTTHBM"J< lcH .. aANs THB \1.'0 ....... b C ..... T.D PO .. 8 ..... , .. G CH'LD .. ..... A ..... on: No, ",i,hou, "snifi. ''''', i f.ct .ha, ",,,man " U m .. d .. ootofth.rib"fAdam.Sh .... aono.mad.of .he nm. urth wi.h which h. wu formed, in order.na,_migh,ruliu.ha,.h.phy.i.al na,ur. ofbo.h man and woman i.id.nti J and.ha hue,, .. onelo ... for,h'propaga tlonofth.hum .. nn<c.For,h .. ,r.uon.nei ,h .. e" ... m .. nctn, .. d,og .. htrwi , h .. ... om .. n, nOr "'''r'' 'wo m.n and tWO wOmcn ,ru.ed a. , ,,,beg,nn,nl!.bu, fi ... I man andlfter,hl.a wom .. n.God wil1ed ".h .. , human na.ure b. .. nltockh .. elim,nued,h. pouibil,ry <h .. , m .. ny dllJ"'ntn UN' " .hould .rioc.H.id,-ul",mak.h,m .. h.lptr lik( h,mn lf:W.unde .... nd,h.,' o me.n a h.lp .. in.h.gen ...... ionof.hehuman f. m. ilY_1 really good h.clp .... 1f wc u.k h. word JxJp ... 'n.good...,n..,.th.n.h .... om.n.co optr.,ion ru.n,ou, '" be lomtthing of m"Jo, import in.h'p,ocell ofge nera, ion. juJlu ,h .. ca"h by recci",ng. (onfinlng and f.,.ICring lh. .....dca"' .. 't.agro..ndprotiuufrullln Ilm . ln.hurupcCl, .h",dore, ... am .. n " .. good he!peruen.ho" gh in. pO$;.ion oflt llcr JI,engrh. W,find.nmpltl Of,h,s in our awn
,mpon.n,officu often .. nlt".h. hdpofpeo. pi, who arc bdow .h.m in and ,,'eem. P ...... OISlI 0.4 8 .' A H. LPB .. po .. S ....... ,GC .. ,U' ... "' . AUGu. TJN. :Now,uppo th. ",omanwu no,mad.farthcman'ob. hi ,hdpc,m btg.",ngchildr.n.tittnho .. wouldsnc be Ihl. ,ohdph,ml lt .. ouldh .. rdI) bt.b,u ... lhat , h, "'aul dbc m .. d. '0 ,iU ,h . .. " hw"h him, for.h.r .. "' .. , no, yet u), !..oor r.'1ui r.d '0 m .. ke h h.lp n.ccllarr. In Inr c . ... if .here_.t.ny ... ch n d.1 m .. l. he!ptr would be be" ... and th .... m.co .. l.d b a,dof.h. comfo.tofano.her' pruenceifAd.mw .... pe.hapl wcaryoflOli .,d . Hawmucnmort agrecablyco .. ldrwomalef ... nd.s. rarh.,.,nan I m.nand awam .. n. enJo)'comJ"'n,,,n.h,p and conve .... ';on in. lift , har.d And if.he)" had '0 m.k .... n ..... ng.m.nl in ,helt commonlif .. foron.to (ommand.ndth. otb oaber ino. d.,.omlke . urelh., oppo. inr will. woul<!no:d" rup:.n.pta:t' 0:' n,abl..hd .. on . Thul fr"'" .h .. ,nc.p. ',Got,u .. ' F: 4lol:- 6' ,hehouJehold"h.rew"uldhavebcenprop.r .. nk ,,,auuuthi inccone wouldb.crutcd f!nt and ,h. othcr.ccond,and thi$ would be further rdnforad if ,he cond were made from ,he fint.aJ wa. ,h. ca.e with ,h. w"m.n.Surelr noon.will.ayth.,God , .... bl o m.ktf.om ,he.ib of,he man only 0 woman and no, al.oam.n ifhehad wi.hed to do so. C"nsequ.nrl). 1 do not.ee in wh .. .enn th< woman wao made a helper for th. man ifno,fot ,he,akeofbcuing children O ... TMEL'TO .... "I ... TB"p"BT ... SIS A"" .... NOT ABU TO HELP MA" U THH WOM .. .... the p.radi the wOman was verr diHgenr:.h. ,, .. also a".nt;ve to Ih h p and attl., the h.,d,.nddrov.sth .. w.reinth.field . Sh" would.l,ohdp,hem.n wi,h the buildings . pens . ndw;,h.nyo,htr,ask,h ... hewa, "ap.hlc ofdoin.Th nimal . even ,hough ,h.)" wcr ub tlient. w ..., nor abl. 10 h.lp h,mwithth thing . For,hi ..... onGod m.d. for the man I helper who would b. ,On amed for every.hing for which G"d hims.lf ",,,uldb.conarned.She w,,uldind dhelp h,m in man)" ,hings. COMMB"T ... IlY ON GBN. 5'5'.".' A,,..M DRUMS" WHEN WOM ... N W ... S CR. ' .. THO.EpHIlEM THE Sn, ... ,,:Tha,m.n, ,,ake,.noinredwi,h'plendor.andwhodid n"'yerkno", . l'.p.fellonlh ,hnak.d and,l.p,.hi,likelj,h .. Adam",,inhi. d ... mwh.t\\, don."'hima'ifh.w ..., .".ke.Af,,,, Adam'. rib h.d been raken"u, ,n tne ,wlnkilOg": an eye,G"dd" .. dup,he f,e.hrn" ' plac<rnrheblink"r.ney.la,h
all tn' ''e.utr ", . ",Om'n. God then brought h.r '" Adam, wh" w.s b"th "ne .nd 'wo. H ",a, on" in ,h .. he ",a, Adam n d he "' ' wo Mc.u .. h.h"dbunn .... d m.l nd f.m.le.' CO .. M." ..... Il. GaNuls GO"PRonUCHSI ... THBF'Rn M .. NTH EC5T .. U ORII .. M. TU TUlU .. ,,: W. h"ld the."ul,,,b.p .. enniallyactivebecau o(i,, con,inualmovement.whichi ignb"th,,( itodivinitya"di";mm",,alilj"So. then, wh.n .e$l cornu-re ... ,h .. 'peci.] c"mfo oflx>di .. _,he.oul di.darn " idl.n .... h., is alien ,,,i,,natur.and,d.prrvedof,h.fac ul'ieo of ,he b"d). makes u.e of iu own. Thi. pow.r w. call ...... y. Thi. occurs ""he" w. a d.pr;v.d "f,h .... iv;') "f,h ... n L.cking.en."rr inpu"he."ulref1ec .. condi,ion,,,kinroddirium. " Thus,in,h. b.ginning l .. p .... a.pr ... d.dbyec,,'r a w. rud:"God .. or an ec"",y upon Adarn, nd h lep,:Sleepb.ough,res, '0 ,h.b"dr bu,ecsr"yc.mooo" the."ul andprev." .. d it from resring . nd from tha"ime.hi . cornbin.,ionconsrifu ... ,h.n.rurai.nd ""tm.l form "r,h. d .. arn. 0" THE SOU" 45. 1.;. " TRI F'Rn MA,,' P"snsnD THII POWU. OF PIlOPHHCT .. CUMB ... TOf ALIXA"OIlI ... Am" ngrheH.bre,...rh.propheU'p"kebr ,h.p"w", ond in'piu,i"" "fGod. Ber",. Ih< law Iher. was Adom, wh" u.ed a power ,,( p'''phecy"v.rlhewom."and"nrthen.m . ins"f.nimab;N"ah,pr chingup<ntanc.: Ahrah.m,!sucandJacoboA'or'ngadurfon. hadowingofa la'lc numb<: r of evenll future orimmincn . ST.oM .. Tals I.IJS.J." AD ... .. UNO ... T ..... D); . .. H" Ec' T .. n W .. ... T \5 TO COM); . AUGUSTINE: H.nce we '''jU5dfi.dinconcludin&.hat,hcultuyin whICh Aclam wu caught up when God cas, him ;n,o a , l p ,, .. giv.n 10 him 10 ,h., hi, mindm,hll ..... mij!h'panicipa,.wi.hth. hOllofangcband,.n .,n&.n,o.hc.aneluary "fGod, u"d.n,.nd what ..... finallr 10 <Om'. \.Vh.nh ..... olt.,h . ... .. likcon.fin.dwith th.'pln,ofprDph.C).and ... brou&h,bcfDr.him.hc,mmediac!ropencd hi . mou.h.ndprocl .. im.d,h.gru.my .... y ,ha'S,. Paul " 'caches:-Thi. no'"11 bon.of mrbon ... ndfl hofmrflClh;.h hallbc call.dwoman.bccau.c.hch bccn k.nou, of m.n. And for ,h .. reason I lOIn lhalllu h"f .. h.r.ndhumo,hc.and.halldcav o hi . wif.;.nd ,h. y lhall be ,h. two in On. flesh:Th were the word. of ,h. fint m.n Iccord,ng.o.h .,imDnrofScrip,ure, bu,in th.GDl pclou,Lo,ddeclar.d , ha.God . pok. th.m. For h. u.y,,- Havc you no. r.aci .hath. ,,ho m.d. th.m from the bcg,nnin& mId. th.m mal ndfcml l nd .. id.For.hi. ru. ",n. mlnlhallluvc hi.f"h.r.ndmoth ..
'wo in on. fl uh!'From thi . ..... hould und.r ... nd . hcr.fo .... h .. bcuu of,h. u" .. y .ha,Ad.mhaci jlU, uperi.nc.dh. " ... bl o .. Y'h,, prDph.,und.rdivin. guid. ncc.ONT .. . LIT . .... LI"T ..... T .. noN OFG,"ESI5919)6." Tu! ' .... 0 .... '" b O"m W.TH T H E M .. " ... s C H al5T 150 .. . W'THTH ICH u a CH. Ilup;n&man.lba'hadnol . .. . purpo .. ,han ,o.ymboliu prophuic.Il) thrunion of Chrill.nd h ilchur ch.Adlm. Il p"''' , myotic.1 fDruhadowing ofChrin. duth, and wh.nhi. deadboclyhangingfromth.crou w .. ... "'ffombi'"id. 'hllthU.i" u.dfonbthl'blood.nd ...... , Ihat. a. we kn""".ignifie. , hcucram.nu by which ,h. church i. buil,up.-Built" i. the v ...... word ,h. SUlp'U .. uoe' ,n conn.ion wi,hE : H.buil"h ibin.o .... om.n." . So ,00 St. P. ul Ip k. of bu ildinll up.h. bodyofChri .. :" ... hichl. h "church. Th .... fur. wOman i.u mu.h th"nutlon ofGod .. man ... If .h .... o. mad. from .he mIn . hi. w .. to. howhuDn.n .... withhim:.ndif,h. ...... m.d.inth ...... yah.wu.lhi.w ... op ... figure th.onen . .. ofChrilt and thr churCh. C'TYO.GODU.'7." T .. I C .... no .. o. TH5 Wo .... " Sn' .OL' '''' .. TH.C ..... TIONO. TH.CHU .. CH.J ... o .. I :-God ,ooi:. rib from the side DfAclam iUld m.d. i. in,o I womiUl." Hen: SCTipturc .. id (huih-). Th.conccptofbuildi ng inttndl.odenoc.th.conltrucllon of agrea, houoc;_qumdyAdaml .ibf .. hlon.din." a wom.n , ignifiu, hy apol tolicauthori,),," Chrilt :oru:lth. church, andthat is ... hySCrip tur ... idhc fonncd ( .. dijit ... u) a woman from th. rib. W.h.v. hcardahou,th.firltAd.m,l.r uo com. no'" ID the _ond Adam and ... now th.church"mad (...!!fi,,dfrom h ... iae. Th id. Dfth. LordS,vloruh. hunllon th. crouilpi.rccdwitbalancc. andfrom i hcrc cDm .. fortb blood and ... ., . w .... J.:l you lilr..to kno ... how the church " buil< up f,om ..... er AUGUST.NE: Enn ,n the bcg,nnlOt:. wh.n '"Fe"" ,", "'a.r.po I'"'. wDmanw .. 42:9$ "'C1",,: '"FC_..s. andbloodIFir$(,throughthebapcilmofwa't.,
crown"h difice, HOMILtHS 66." TH! CHU .. CH AS MOTHU. OP THII NIIW
P.ul,."ificsch31 chi. passage hu bo, h a plain and an alJegorical meaning. Oiscuuing i,inhi.I .... r,o,h.Eph.ian . he .. ,Hr., "Thi . i.agrea,mY"fjbu,I'peakconcern. ing Chrisr and rh. church."" Thtgrea, my. ICT)'is ,h31 Adam hop.s afrer receiving ,h. p,omi . H s,hac,h pou .. inwhomh. i. now united '0 him. ThH.fo he Iymbolicall)" announc .. '0 u' ,h rhrough f.i,h ,h. church will .... ,h. mo,h.rofhum .. n
crea,.d from ,he $ide of the al"ping Adom. heh .. fo,.,een,ha,f,omrhe.ideofChr;st hongingonrhecross.hechurch,whichi<in truth.he mothe, ofche whole n.w human kind, musr be creottd, lnfact.h.churchi l ".he womar. wno i. guard.d fo. a ,imt, and ,im . andhalf.,im.,from.hefaCtofthe serpent."" OF P"OMISES AND PkRDIC' T'O,",SOF GOI) 1.3." 2:24 Bu om;"gO" . F1 .. h M ....... " I) WOM .. " U"'Tti AGA' '' . EPHREM THE STRIAN: Then Adorn said:L .. ,h. man leovehisfather.ndhi.mo,h.,.nddins,o hi , wife.orha"heymigh,bejoi11.dand,he twomighrbecom.one"withou,divil;onas th.y w .. e from rhe beginning. COMMti"TAU
0" .. UNION TO THIICHU .. CH AND TO CH .. , s AuGuS"NE:Sc"p,ureuid,"Am .. n willl",'ef .. rohil wif . and rhey wi!l be two in one fl.sh," Thi$iowh"gener .. Uyhappen.in!h.human race. There is no orher war roview iu plain. hi .. orical.ens . Bu, mnre 10. ,hi. i. all proph. e9', and th."po$lle remind. u. of , hi. whcn he sayo, - Fnr ,hi. reuon a man will leav" hi. father and mo,herand he will dins '0 hi. wife, and they will .... 'wo in one fle.h. Thi. is grear my"er)'; I mean in Ch.in and in th. church."" Two BOOKS ON GENESIS A""'''ST
T,, " BoNIANn FLU HOfTHII CHUI<CII. AMBROSE: IfcheunionofAdamand Ev. i great my.tcrrin Christ and in the church. it i. certain !n..! as Ev.w .. bon. of rh. bone. of hcrhusbandandfleshnfhi.fluh.we also .... mcmb ... ofChri .. .bnd).bone.ofhisbon .. andfl".h of hi. fl .. b. LHTSRS ToLHMEh' 8S'" CLU V""GToGb" .. " ,, CLUVING TO THE WORLn. From ,h. law w' hear';: "Thereforeamanl.ave.hisfatnerandhi. mo,hcrandclu"es,ohiswife.andrheywili becom. on. fluh:This i gre., .. nd.ublim. prophecy.Whoactuallyle .. .. ni.fa,h.rand moth .. when he !ak .... wife, Thi. is ,h. m.oningoflhe words: man in hi. original COn d;'ion lovcdandworshipedGod,hisfathe, and.h. Holr Spiri., hi. mo,her. H. did not . lnorder<o, .. ke."';f . man lcav .. his moth .... nd farher, ,no.e wnolt".
div.rted br,hi. world. Hi. soul and mind are aw .. y from God and drawn in,o this world that he ,doru ,nd a man Iov .. th.wif.ofhi.youth:" n.lovefOJrthi, wifc i.difl' ... n, from th. lov. for Ih.falh.r,nd the mo,hcr. Sc:riptur dd.s. "Th.ywill bc.omcon.nuh."lti" m.th.,uoorn.rn.n makcon.nuhandl-OuJwithth.,.wif nd th."m;ndand,hOJughn ...,dr'v.n.wayf.om ,heir f .. h.r and mOlh.r. l o tholC who ncy.r ,.kc.wifc.nd",)aloncmayh.v.al,nglc ' p"" and m,ndw"h,h."fath.r.D ... o .. n .... T'o .. sII. ' o. ". '" A M ..... S"All CLlI ... ,. TO H" W, . C .. u. SO$To .. ,Wh .... ,.lIm didlh.lClhing. (om. f,om for IIIm 10 ""cr' From wh., I-OU. didh.ga,nknowl.dg.offu,ur vcnn.nd ,h. f ... ,hat ,h. ru. ofhum.n b .,ngo oho,,1d g ...... ,n,ol'u'numbc,,\Vh.ncc ft.r.l1. didh om. '0 know th., ,h .. e wo"ldbc ,n, .. co" ... belw n man and woman, I m.an. ,h.con. umm.,ionoflha"n,.rcouru "".urr.daf,.rlhcf.lI:uplillthlflirnc,hcy wtreltvinglik.angcl.o,npuad, .. and l-O w,,, nOt b ... nmg w"h dui nO'Ulluhcd by olh.rp.nion . no, . ubj .. ,tothc n d.of nlfu .. ;onth.conlrary.th'ywc...,c .. al.d incorrup,ibl. Ind immonal..nd on that aecoun,.,.nyr ... lh.yhadnon.cdlowcar do,hu. ... So from what l-O.trcc.lell m did ,h .. eti,ing.comtfo,lltm,o .. " .. ,Surelyi'" obv;ou.th.lbefor.hi, dilObedi."".hch.d a ohu.'npropn.ticgrac nd .... w.vcryth,ng ,hrough Ih y of ,h. Spirtl. HO"'LJlS ON G'''UISIS'''''' 2:25 Both Won W Nor
M ... ", ... ", ,,\VO ..... NW .. ,.CLOTII.,O" ,Tt< withwhichth.yw.recloth.d. l,wuwh.n ,hi'glo, y walllrippcdf,om th.m.ft"lhey h"dt .. rug ..... dth.commandm.nlthatthr .... ham.dbce.u ,h.yw ... nlkcd. CO .... I .. T .... YO .. G .... ., THI I. O. GMU COII1" NOT 0., .... 11. AUGUITlI'.: {Man and woman} .,....,.w .... ofcouru. of ch." n.k.dn ...... bu, they f<lc nll.ham beclulc no d " .,ir .. d ,heir or,.n. in d.fi.nceoflhc:ird.JibcralC dccillon. Th. um. had no, Y'" com. wit.n ch bcHionofrh.fI"hwal, wi.nUl and rcpro;ochtoth ...,bcllionofman.g.,rulh .. Makcr. C, TY o,Goo , . "." WHY C".,STI ..... , A., B ... . T' ""," N ... ".". C ... UOliTO .. : An ... trlpping YOII of your robe h.pric.,himIClflud.syoudowninto th.nowtng"atcrl. Ru,,,,hynak.d'H. ..m'nd. yo .. ofyourformcrnakcdn ....... h.n YOllw ... ,nparadi andyouw.rcno, .. h.m.d. For Holy Wm "Y'."Adam and Ev. ",.renakcd.ndwe .. no, .. hlmed:un,iI,h.y look up ,heg.rm.nlof"n . garmcn,huvy wi,h.b"ndantlh'm . B ... 'TIS", ... lll'STIUC- Tlo ... II.18." N ... ..:." I UT NOT As ........ D. C .. "YS05TO .. : "Thcy w ... bolhnaked: ch ... x, uy . remember, "and wc .. nOt Ilh.mcd:You .... whil.,in.nd disob.di.n<e had no: yet <om. on,h .... n ,h.y",,,.c!.dtnthuglo'r fom .. h.b, .. k,ngofth.I ... .th.n.n' ... d,h .... n. bo,h . nam.anda,, .. en.u.of thdrnakcd- n .... HO"'LII5 Or< G .... s , s 1;., " GLO'TR .. .... E''''IMT .. tSy.r ...... : ""-!ioll.. "PS I 1._::' MP:;;5I:I2I:R;:'oI.2C1H. "Fe .. no: uh.m.d beeau of Ih. ",'06. ''Fe ,.,)1'9. II.:!): FC lOJOl RUII CTIO,," RU Toa .. P ....... Dl SR LosT. GUCOU or Nu",: The <nuc""ct;on p.om ,.,..u.nothlngclsclhanlherutoral;onofthe fallen tothd< ancIent na,e; fo< d,e grace W<: lookforLlaceru;n re,urn,olhefintlik h<lnglnghack again 1o paradisc thole who we.eClltOU' from". If then thelifeofthooe .eJlo<e<li.doKlyrclate<l,othatof,heange1 . ;. i.dear,h., the life befor. ,h. "an.g .... ion wllakin<loflngclklif ndh.ncell.oour .uu.nto,helndcn.conditionoflifei. com pared , o,he.ngcL
R .......... Do.OTH .,J OF G .. 2;".: In ,he f><,glnnlng ..,henGod crc.uedman.heK,him In J>4Iradlse (as the d,vine hol), Scnplureuyt) .dorncd..,ith every VI.tuc and g.vc him. commln<lno, '0 ca. oflhc .. tc in thc middlc of plndltc. Ad.m was provide<l for in p.n. dioe.inpraycrandcon,empl .,on,nlhem,dJt ofhono n<lgl .... }'.hcalrhyin h i mouolU andnnnJM'cc.p,ion$.lndpe.fectil'lh,. na'urc .. h ...... cru .. d.Fo.to,hclik.Muof God did God make man. Iha,,.. immonal. having,hcpowec,oac.f""e1randado'l'Ic<l ..,i,h III .h. virtue . \\'hen hedltobeyed commandand ',eofthe"tcthaIGodcom m.ndedhim no. '0 Cl. of. hc "' thrown ou' ofp disc.ndfeUf.om .,atci n acco.dwlth h .. n.lu<elo ...... contr.'yton ure p<ey '0 Oln. lo.mhiuon. too love of the pleaau.", ofthi.life.nd,olhcothe.p .... ion .. andhe ... u m .. ,e.ed by ,hcm.nd became. 01 ..., '0 thcm,h,oughhi . ... n'grusion.S.,o.rTu,u INST.UCTIOHSI ." 3:16 THE DECEIT OF THE SERPENT ' No", "rp.nl 11101 more lub!l. Ih"n "I'll other ",ild ,nOlwr, ,hol Ihc Low God h"d m"dr. Ht I"id lIIoman. "Did God '''y. 'You I),,,n 1'101 1"1 of ony ITU of Ih. ' And lb. I"id Ibt W. moy tot of Iht frwil of Iht 1rt<1 of Ih. IbwI God I"id. "row Ihall tal of Iht fruil of Iht Irt< which i, in Ih. mid" of Ih. ,,,rdcn: yow louch il. I'll you dit.' "'Bwl Iht lup.nllaid 10 Ibt woman. "}'ou will Hot di . IFor God h01ll1 Ih", w"'nyow "" oJil yowr ,ycl ",ill bt oprntd. and yow ",i/l bt f ood "nd "'i!." ' 50 IIIhtn Ih. lIIom"n IOW' Iba I Ib! "'<1 1 good fo r Jooi ond lbolll w"'" drllghllo Iht tyel. IInd Irll 11111 1 10 b. d.lI1td 10 m"h Ont W"t Iht 'ook of IIlfruII and Olt; and Ih. 0110 lomt 10 htr hUlb"nd, "nd in "". O" ..... "IB ... ' Thele'pen, ..... more dever Ihan IhcOlhc,Malllb".wunOlrliHd,otheleve! ofhuman ... ttORality {E,HUIot). 8do ...... r.U ,h. Hr!"'n. WIJ on in.ima .. ,erm, with man (jOH .. OFO ...... S<;l,Js).Th.le'!"'n ... c.ca .. d WU winsome and abl. ,0 ,omm"nic". wi,h .... dam and Eyc. and h.nce MUm ,001 of d.ception uHd by ,he d.vil (CH"Ysosro .. . EpHUI .. ). who ..... cnv' oulof .... damandE".1 Ipccial rol.'np.radil. ( ......... ns.).8yq .... "on,ng Ey. Ih. H'pcn, u.ceruin.d .... my.' .. .,. of.h. I .... {EPHllDt).Th. d.vil . pok. fir '" t he wOman .part from the man. who h.d rec.ived dir.ctly f.om God .h. command no, '0 Ut of .h. "CC (A ... _.). Th. le.pcn. .uh d.h ... Godh:odfo .. , .... rn.d .... dam.nd E"eabout u .nlooking l hetTccino.d .. ,h h.yno.bt:com n.mo dby;uMau,y ( EPHUM). The u,!",n, Iymboli%u piu ... .., ( ....... _I). h.ll<>lignifiulh.d.vil (Aooul T''''). Th. worw of th. Jc'pcn . "You Ih.Jl M llodJ:dcmon." ... th.'p"d .... of .U.in ( .... OOUIT'NX). H .. m.nl we.., h.rm.d b)' ,h.itown d .. iT. {EpH .... j.Theyhld.l. rudybcgun in a prclimina,y "'")' IOleek .. , i.foction,nlh.mulvc.wh.n,hcy_re .. mpt.dbrth ... Tpcn . lnpuadi .... bclhon bt:ganinth oulwithlh.breakingofth. commandment. The whole p ... on commi n.d thc Jin ( .... UGUST' ... j . .... dam and Ev. did no: prckr\'c,em!"'Tanc.b .. tvol .. nt.l.i1rl<cof,bc frull ( ........ on). Tht E .. charist i. tbt m.d,. sin",h'po' Jon ,b.,.uin.dhum.nnl<urc wh.n Ev nd .... d.m a .. of,hc fruit (G .. ao .. y OF Nyss .. ). Adam and Ey. f.lIthroullh prod th ... po ..... <), would bc requtrcd 10 r .. u.n'oGodlhroughhumilitr { ...... GlIsn .. a). Mary p n .... whofrn. humonktnd from .tn of ,he firs: (lu .... n 's). Th., En dioobevcd before Adam .. lakenby"omef.,he .. ,oMlnul u'puionof hiIMadship(EPHUM). T ... C .... " .... US Of TRI Slll,. .. T W.u L' .. 'T.D.E.H ..... THISY .. ' .. N:Alrhough ::: ! govcrncdby .... da"'. I.i.onotlru.thatbcca ..... l 1 w" only mOre craftyrh.n the animau th.. ! had nom,nd. For tt 11 clca. tha, th erpcnt. which did no, hav. th. mind o(man. did nOI poll." wi.dom of ",ankind ..... dam ""'. all og.utc.lhanth.urpcntby lhcw.ym w .. fo.m.d.byht.ooul.brhi.mind.byhi. glorrandbrhi.place. Th ... forci.i .,viden. Ih., incunning.l.oAdam .... gn ... r,h.nth.krpcn'.CO ....... NT .... Ol< G"'U152. IS, t WH1' THi S' .. PI NTWU.ToOL.O .. O lelPTloN. SI"I"'''': o. G ..... L .. : Do no, Ih,nkofth n.kcth ... lj h.curr.ndy ... Ilncc w. now run from him and aredi.g"'ICd bjhim.It .. .. not'ni . "'ayin,hcb.ginning; ,hc.nak ... .. . fri.ndofhumanllr ev n h clonllof.e ..... n ... 'Wha:,lh.n, mad. h,m our tn.my! The d.tlarattonofGod:"'ou are more cUTlcd ,b.n.1l ,he catd and mOre than cv j' wild animal. I wiU plac. hOlli li tr be,w.cn you .n.d Ih. wom.n:' Thil ho.,ihty ci .. ,roycd ,he fro.ndlhip.I'.jfrlCnwb'p,b .. tl dono: mcan.n'n .. n." ... I .,."onlb,p." ..... ao in ... ad onewhi.hmindlc crcaturc,uc capableof having.Thc.nakcu.edtol .. ve Ituman<intlteumcwaytltedogdisplac .. fri.nd.hi p-not with word but by body lan guag . Sinui.wuacrcaturewhoheldsuclt grca,dos.nes ohumanit)" . ltcsnaktwasa convenienl 1001 fot ,ht devil.. So the devil Ipokt througlt ,he snakt in ord .. '0 deceive Adam. Plcuc hear me in lnvt .nd do no,recdve my word. carel . .. l)". My que.,ion is nO. cao)",o ,ake. Many ""nff," how did,he.nakespuk,witltahuman', vo;ccnr w;tlt a , nake', hiss!"or"howdid Ev.under "and him"Befor< the fall.Adam was filled with wisdnm.di scetnm.nt andprophec)" .. Wlt.nth.devilno,ic.d,h nak.s intelli genc ndAdams high opinion of it (Adam consid.red the snake vtry wi se), the devi! spokethroughthe snake .o that Adam would Ihinkthatthe. nake, be;ngintclligent, ,.u abl. to imira ..... nhumanspecch.O"TH. c ..... TtO" OF THWO .. Ll> 6.:.' HowTHBSn."BNTW,.s ONI ... T' MATE Tfi IlMswrTH M"'''.JOH ... OF O" ... "SCus Bcfo .. thefall,aillhingswe .. subject lothe control of m.n. be<ous. God had m. de him ruler ovcr all the things On rhe.atth and in rh. "'oter. And Ih. ' p.nl " 'ason i",;m",. lerm. with man. aunci",i ng with him mort than all the re" andconveuingagrctablywi.h him. For Ihat rtO$On i ' WaS ,h,ough.hi , rela. <>on rhar ,he devil. who i. th ource of evil , made ,hat mO" evil. uggesrion ' 0 ou,first FAlTH . 10.' Ho,,' THB Su,nNT C" ... ... UN' eATit> W'TH M"". EPHRBM ... ",A.forth er- p.n' " peech, e;,her Ad.m unoorst""d ,he .erp.nt'. OWn mod. of communiUlion, 0' Sa .. nsp<>k.lh, ough;,.o,th""penlpo.ed th.'1UUlion in hi. mind and spe.,d, wa.givon ro i"orSatan$OughtttomGod,hat'pehk g;vcn to ,h erpent for horl time. C" .. ... HNT ... RYO"GHNES,S . 16., .' Th .... pent could nol .nrerporadi,e. for ncither animal ,,'a'permiued,o app.oach th.out<rregionofparaoi,., and Adam had togoout to m ... th.m; 10 the '''penl cunningl)' l.arned, throughqu.oti oningEve, rhocharaClerofpar.dise. wh.,i,,,,aoandho,,,i,,,'as ord ... d. \Vh.n the accu"ed one loarned ho,," ,h. glorJ' of ,hat inner ubcrnacle a,if in aUnc,uary. wuhiddenfromthem, 73 and thal ,h. Tree of Knowl,"ge, clothodwith .ninj unction, rvcdutheveil for ,he sanu",). he ruliud rhat its fruit wu th.keyofj us,ice th .. wouldopenthe cyc.of thebold andcaus.rhemgre .. remo"e. HVM ... SON PA ..... O' SBJ.4S EVil ENTI CBO TO Loo", EpHREMTHESvo., ,, ... ,Th.,,,mprer ,hen turntdi"mind,othecommandmon, of the One who h.d .tt down ,he commandmen, Adam and Eve we" comman".d no, onl,. ' 0 not cat f.om ,h. " ,but.h.y were not even todr.wncartoit.Th .... p.n"h.nrcaliz.d ,hat God had forewarned them about.v.n looking at i,l ... thty b.com nttappedby in bcautr.Wi , h ,hi. in mind.,he .. rpent en,iced Ev. to look upon it. C O .... ENT .. U ON GBNf. SIS THE OBVIL'S ENVy.A .. BROSE: Th. cauoe of .nvy .... a h.h.ppin ofm.nplacedinpu . d,.., baau ,ht d.vil could not brook the favou .. ceiv.d by m.n. Hi nvy",.saroused because man, though fo.rned in sltm . was cho.entob<:aninhabiuntofparadise.Th. d.vilb<:g.n to.dlec, ,hat m.n w .. an inferior creature ye, had hop<s of an et.rn.l life. where .. h . creature of.uperior nature,h.d fall.n.ndh.d .... com.partoflhi. mundane existence. P .. un'n u. TH.S .... PBNTu .. .. lI. AMBRou:Since.verycrearurei ubject,o pu.ion. lu., stole into mans. ff.crion with th."e.lth of .... p.n'.Mo ..... qui .. right inrepre .. nringpleasureinthlikene .. ofa rpen<.Plca.urei.pron.oniuhellylik erpenl.nolwolkingonf .,orr.isedonl.g . ltglide long . o.o.pe.k.withthe.lippeq folded curv ofiu whol. bodJ". Earth i .... food. a. il i. the ... pent"., for i,ha.no corn prehen.ion of h.avenlj f<>Od. It feed. on
.ort.ofpl ... u . ... ndb.nd"oandf.om twi .. ingwreath ... .nd .... i'h,hu h.di.so]u .. individu.li.di. .mbowe!ed,th.glultond "ovshimtel:.th. spendthrift i.undone. ,, ' THEDBvtL Too"A"'""'T"GEOFTHB WOM .. N. AM"ROse: [Th. Devil ] aimed '0 cit Adam by mcans of the "'oman. He did no, aCCO" ,hm.n who h.d in his prel' tnce received the he.venly command. He .cco .. td her who h.d learnedofir from her husbandandwhoh.dnotreceivedfromGnd thecomm.ndwhichwasrobeobs.rved. Th .. ei.no$[atemen,du,God spoketoth. woman. We know th., he spoke .0 Adam. H.nce w. mult conclude ,hat the command was communicat.d through Adom to the wom. n.hRADISHI:. " THll SIRUNTSlGNlF. B5THBOllVSl.. .( AUGUSTINE: Th erpent signifies th. d.vil. 1 ,' ... iserth.nollth.beall . The rpentwas not i. uid '0 b. In p ... dise. though Ihe'''p.n,w;u amongth ..... a.u ,h .. God m.d . Fotp.ra dise.ignifi .. ,h. happr life. from which th """nlw obsent . ini, ,, Ire.dr,h.
,h. "It,h. And .... mustnotb.confusedas.ohowth upen, could.peaktoth.woman, wh.n.h.wasin par.dis ndit,, .. no . Ti, ... rpententered hoparodi .. spiti.ualll'.ndnotbodil).a. th apo.tl uggtsts:"rouwer.livingb),th.prin cipl .. who domin .... th. air.th piri,who i ... work 10 those who reb.L olI Two 800"SON G."ESIS
THfiDllv,L'SSTRATBGy.CH .. Y50STO .. :Do you ho" the devil led hondi 'K9,,11. "EpO "FCs<,'W. cappcdhcrrcuoningandcauudhc,cOICC hcr 'hollghu on goals beyond hcr realcapabi] ,'iu,onordcrd", . hcmigh,bepllficd IlP ...,mcmp'yhopcsattdlru.eh holdonm d,.n,agelll.udtu<ordcd hcr.Ho."u l.S
PaIDI I. TIUlh'UNN' NG Au 5,,,. AUGUSTINm, Suri,i l molt rruIY l"id .. Prid<"lhcheginningof all . in;" fo.i,waI rhi" ,n,huovc"h,ew ,h.devil.f,omwhom orOK,hcoT1glnof.inandwho.,h, ough.ub ,c'Iucn,cn..,.ovCrlurncdlhcmanwhowaf ".nd, ng In thc rlgh,coulncu from which he h.df.U.n.Forthc ... pcn', ...,king. ".Y 1o .n .. ,.durlyoolIgh'lhcdoorofp.>dc,whcn h. dcd.red, Yolllh.1I be u go,b:Tha,;' ",hrn l. ",,,, .. n,"Prid.i.,h.bcginningof.n Iln;" .nd"Th.beglnningof ,h<p.ideofman ,, '0 f.U .w.y from Gnd:" 0" GUI; g.Jj. "
AU"llITINI, Th.concluo;onio ,h .. the devil would nOt h.vebeglln by anop<=n andobviouo IIn to <cmpt man into dOIng oomc.hing.h Gnd had forbIdden, had no. man alrcady bcgun,o .. eku..ilfactioninhinuclfandcon. IC'Iuendr '0 ukc pLe,,"r. in , h. words'you J.h.n be IS godt.:Thc promiu of mu. wo.d., ho",.vcr, would much mo .. tru1r h.vc to PUI if,b), ob.td .. ncc,Ad.mandEv.hadkep,clo.e ,o.h. ul,ima,clnd <TU. lourc. of their bcing and h.dno"bypT1d.,imagincd,h", th.y wcr<.h<moclvu ,h ourcc of their bc ing ... Whocvc e.!u . ob<more.h.n h.i.becoonCl L .... \Vh.ncvc.h.a.pi .. ,.obclClf.uffici ng, h ......... f,om Ih. On. ",hoi,,,"1y.uffi , Clcn,fo,h,m.C,TyoFGoDI . tj. u TI NPT.D IT TH.,. 0", .. D . ..... EPKUJoI THI SU, .. N: The words of ,he ,.mpter would
lin i{ ,heirn.ricchadno.becn$Ohelpn.l . o .. mp .. r.Ev.nif<h cmp."rhadno. come,lhe"eeiuelf,byiubcallty ... ollldhavc <.uocd.hem "<. Their avltk hen "':I.S .h. rU$on .h., .heyiollowed .hecounfCl _e'pe nt.Th. ... a'far m(l. e lnju". oll"o , hem.hanm.counuloflhe.e'J'<'n . CO ..... NT .. TH, R ... .. B ....... I .... THIl SoU1.- AUGuIT, ,,t: ln p .,,d,oc,rebclltoncen.,n1r beg.n u'IheOOlll.Thcrebcg. nlheproceuof glvlngcon,.n"ob .. aking,he .omm.namcn,. Thi, 11 why the "'1'"nl lid. 'YOII .h.1I be .. god,:BII"h ... hol.m.n<ommiu<d,h<l1n. h ..... ,h.n.ha'th.f1 .. hwum.d lOflll f1 uh,who .. faulu collldb. huLcdonlrbyth. One who<.mein,h"liken ... of.i nfulfluh. AG .. tNST J UUANS. ,,m T . .......... c. NOT OU ... V.D I Y Aou , ..NO Ev A ..... o .. : I. " I.mpc .... c h., <UII off d"".u. God commanded che "ra, hllman. ,0 hoLd.oit.fo,h a,d. Wh",u,n themiddl.of,hcgorden,yolllhallnCKclI, ne"herlhallyo".o"chi. , lu' youd .. :And htcauSClherdidno'prelCrv.lcmpcrance"hc trao.g .... o"'of,hi ign.lvtTtucw ... mad. uiln from paradi , wl,h no .ha .. ,n tmmo. ,alirFo.lh.lawtuchn,cmp .. lnCtlnd pourlicintolhchu.tlofIII.JAcoB .. "DTHl H .. ppy .. "S.t1l"'S."Sor,o.lI "S.-10I1' ''l'C-.... "FC":)Il"'\' '"FC'.:I(IOI..-,:cJs.. -,:c,u,. Til l SI"." DIJT .... <;T TH. H . .. . T. 0''' 00'
rh igh lu nd.heother..,n.,.. ... h.n u .. dwi . holl'moder i .. n. di .... ctrhehcan f<om iu remembrance .. f God. So Ions U Ihe did no. look .. ,th longing on me forbidden trct.,h ... .. ablc 10 kcep God', command. mentcarefullr;nmind.She ..... "illco ... rcd byrhewinglofdivinelov ndthul waligno ran,ofh.< Own n.kcdne .... B",aneru.. had looked.tthe,ree ... ithlong,ng.touch.d" w;.harden,d.llrc.ndlh.n ..... dillfrult wi.h in n .... nluali.)' . h , on .. fel,dr.wn 10phy.".I,nlercour..,.and.bcingnlOktd h. gavew.y.op ... 'on.Allherdu,rc ..... n ...... o enJor wh., wu immed, ... ly present 10 h .. tcn.., nd.h,ough.heple ... n,appc.,anc. ofthefrll".heinoIedA<iaminherfalJ.O" SP' .'T""LP".KCT'O"S6.'" C,H.., ST Is Tll fi RUtfiDY AG"' '' ST THI S,,,. GIlIIGOU Of Nus..: Thole who h.v, been trIckedintotakingpo,lQnoff .. tiuharmful .ffce.by.nDrh.rdr"g, n.rcmedr,morcoer. j u .. lik,thepoil on.hu to.n,c ht l y".m. 10 thati .. rem.dialdftc.may.h ... bYlprud through.h .... hol.bod),.S'miladrlI ... ing t .. ,.d,h.po'$On,th il lh.frui:, .ha,dil lo!vedoll rn.turc,w,w ... n.ceuarilym nccd of ... metning ..... uni ..... Sucll ... med),II.d . ... ntt.inlou',$O .h.,"m'ghlby "'CDun .e"c<ionundo.h.harm.hcbod) hadalreadr ncoun .... dffDm.hepoIJon.Andwh., .. .hiirem.d), INo. hingcll.thanlhebodYlh prove<!, ... lf1u!"'rioflodu.handbecamcrh. lOur,. of OUt life. ADDR .. t 0" I"STallcT' DN T .. ou WHD F .... ,- THROII"" PR.", W'Ll St RUTORI " ONU T"KO""II H""'LlTT. AUGCSTl NE: !Ci",nl . !'Inern hu Men gien "'. ma, i. '0 uy. a po.m by ..... ich _ may come'" God. For WC who 1>. .. fallen m<ough pridc could only rcturn ,0Goc! Ih<ough humilit}'. Thu. wa." ..aid ' 0 ,he fi"l ,rcalllrcofollrrac.:"Tule . ndyolI.ballo. u God:A.I .. 'Uuy,ng,ou,Savlorh.uh,rnwlf conduccndcd '0 ucmplify In h .. 0>0'11 pcroon ,h humilit}' which IJ th. p.,h ocrwhich .... have 1o tnvel on our rc<urn '0 God. Fo,"he did nOI Ihink it robbcry'obc e'lual 10 God but emptied himKlf. ulc.tng .he form of a &Lt...,:" Hence.th.Wordrhroughwhomalllh,ng' lII rhe beginning .... r. m.d. wu (rUled man. O"F..ITII .... OTII.CIlIIID4.6." S" .... u ' .. GA" .... '. Hu o . ..... EpH ..... T ... Sy., .. N:SII.han. " ,d,oea,bcfor.h .. hul' band,hlllhe m'gh.becom.h dnverll .. hcad. lha,"hem'gh.becom h.on command ... Ill., .. ne by whom Ihe ,,u . o be <ommanded and th ... he might be old.r in d,v,n;ty tnan ,hat on. wno"" " Dlder rh.n Ill. 'n hum .... t), Co ..... "on r ON GM ...... '. :.10.).'" S. N OF T .. . Ft kn WO ... .... AM.L. " .... T.".YT .. . O ... '>l wHc. orM .. IlT.lu- ..... "S: A. Eve .... I .. dueed by the word nfa [fallen j ang.llofl .. frDmGDd,h.ving reben.dag.inlthii word . oMarrby.hc wordofanangclrcuivtd.htgladtidingl thll .b. would bear God b, ...... ying h .. woro. Th former ... ao .. duud to d"ob.y God [and 10 r.n).bu.,h.la ... r .... a.per.uad.d,oobey God. 10 that .h. V"sin Mary migh' become tht advoca.tof lh.irginEH.AI .hchuman .... .. , ... lIbJ."ed,od .... hthfOugh.n "nf a",rgin.",,,,Uitu.ndbr.,,,rgin ndthw AGA' NST H"..Es ' ISS"9. " "
3:78 THE FALL ' Tlot .. llor ryt! ofbolh "'trr opt .. td. and IIo'yltn.wlb"r dory wtrr n<llttd; and Iht, U"'td and mad. apro .... ' And' Ihty Ih. Jownd" of riot Lou) God walking in 110. gardtn' in Ih. cool of Ih< d",. ,,"d rh. man' "lid hiJ wif. hid Ih,mu/"u from Iht p.n,"" of Ib, LOIlD God amo .. g lb. Irtt s oflhtgardtn. t LU_UX,......ur ..... O .... "'EW' The ,emp",;on mo .. ed from ,h. ey.' 10 di.ob.di.nc. ( CHU50ST<lM). Th.lnl ofGod ... . ,anno,bt"gard.d", ,he call.eof.h. faU ( CH"YSOSTt) .. ) . Ev.n ,hough God for.kn .... th. 'nult. lot allowed Adam to be mp d bccau man w<>uld no, hav.dcocr ... dgrca, pralS. ifh .... u good for ,h ,mpl. r.uon ,h",h" "'",ne",, tcmp .,d.o bt wick.d (AuGUSTlNI ). Aftc.,h.lln,h"yc.ofun wcrc <>pen.d.whU.,heeyuof,h.mind.,htollgh ... h .. h Ad"m and E". had I>cheld God . .... rc clol.d (Oll.'GIN). N" ... ,h'yn ... ,hed,ff nc.b ....... n,h.good,hcJhadloltlnd.he ."iI,n,owhlCh.h'y h.dfaUcn {Aooll$TlNI) . And ,h.i olll I" .. mU'trj' 0 .... ,ht body (AuGusT,NI). F'gl .... um'j'.)'mi>oli:c .ht pl III.oofly, ng (Aooun'NI) . h ... ndcnc)' ,,,,,,.,d li n {SloB) o nac,ofrc?<=n,an (IUN,"illS). God.ndo .... dhi il.n.foo .... p .... ith 10Ilndlo.h Adam.ndEv. mightb.prc p .. td.omak"uppl,c.tlonb.fo",h,m (EPHu .. ). n..coolofdor (,hccvtn,ng) ,n ...hi.hGoo . ccklou,Ad.m . ignifi na"ht fin.manha.dalrcadyloSf,hcsunhgh,ofhi, and Eve hid .hcm..,lvtl ,nthtgard.n. l>ccauu,hcr had 10.I.h.r.gh."f.ht.ru.h (Co\lInosroM, AlIGUSTrNI). 3:7 Tbr Eytl "fBol;, Wtrr Optnta D .. 'O D'"NcaP .. ,o .. TOE .. TING. C Hn SOST<l .. ,I .... lSn, ,h.u,ingfrom ,h'''<f hu 0ptn.d.h." cy." ,hc)' couJd "' vcn o.fo ... ""ng.ln" .. dth.unngf.omth .. ,rcc ,,uth vmp'Qmof.h .. rd,..,b.dicnccan': ,r.. b.""lungm,n. command !! ..... n br God andtb.QlIgh""8"iI,.hc)conscq"cn,h dlv ... lCdth.m .. I .... nf .... Ihe .... 'end.ringlhc ... ..,lves wond ful .... e .... H.nce SC'ip'u,.'.ltc,up Ihepo;nliniUOlf,oma'1'waywi,h,h. wo.d . "Th.y bolh 11 . Thei yet We'. "pcned.and,h.yrul;z.dth.ywe naltcd: fkcau..,,,flhefaUtheyw .. eltrippcdofg.aco f'''m above. and u.ey fd,u.e KnK "fthei. ob.iownak.dneu.",hat,hroughrheoham. ,ha,oveTcam.th.mthrm,ghtknowp" coKly wharpc.il th.y had be." led ,,,,,,br b,eak. n, the Lo.d.,,,mmand. HO."Lln.,N GINiJ,s,6.t4. ' T ... L ... w C"'NNOT BB CONI ........ ., C ... un O. THB F ... LL. C H .. ysono .. , I know ha ..... m ,thi.poin'migh'lCcuxth.l.w. .. u..t.helaw .. ,h.c.u.eofthe fall.W.ab .... lul.lymu.toppoKthata.gu m.n,.W.mu .. plai"IYlrgueanddemonl"ate thaIGodgave,h.lawno,b.cauKh.ha,ed hum.n''Y0 ... .. n .. dlom.orkou.n .. urewi.h . hamebutbec,u h.Jovedu . .. "dcl,.dfot u . In o,de, Ihat you lurn that Ih. l.wwu g,vc" ... m ... n.tohdp.h .. en,olh.wo .uof 1,lh,He ,h. Law tn .... , luppon:' One whopunuesha ... dd"", no.glVeh.oIp.Again . h.proph.td.da .... You,wo.d,. ,h.l.mp gu,d,ngmy ".pi.nd th. Jight for my pa,h. : ' Bu,,,n.whopunue. ha,,edd,,,, . notdi'pel ,h.darkn." withhil lamp.nord"", h.p'o- vid.liglll.oonewhoi.wandering.Solomon Y'. Th. command of . h.ll .. i, .hellmp. .h.hght h.life h.r.p.(>a(handu..tul . .... s...h. l.wi, no,onlj.h.clp."o,onJy alamp bul al .... hgh,.ndlikTh.r.for h" <hing. .rt no, fo, tho who pUfluehalred. nO, for ho. ewh" ... illtobeloo: . bu,forlh,,.ewho hold ou,and GI Nu ,s8.' T . ... If . omeone uk u..,.fore. why God allowed m,n.obe ,empt.d when he f"reknew .hl' mln w"uld yi.Ld.o.h.,.mp.er.lcanno .... und,ht
j IhoK who are berterlnd holi.,.han I. not becau .. of.hei.muiubut.implybyrhegrac. ofGod.Bul,nsofaruGodg,veom heol>il o.pcak. !do no"h,nklha, a manwouLddu.rvegrtat p,"il eifhehldbeenabLe.oliv goGdliferor ,he 'impLe realon rha,nobody.emp d him to 1 badon . Fo.byn.", .. h.wouLdh.veit m h"powe, 1o ",m not lorieLd IOlh j humbl .... Why. Ih.n. would God no, all_' 1 mantobe .. mpted.a.Iu.ougbh.rortknewh. wouLdyi.Ld! For ,he mln wouLd do ,he decd bj h"ownfretwiIL.nd,hll. ,ncurguilt . nd h.wo"ldha ... toundcrgopun"hmen,.((o.d_ ingtoGo,hJuoticelob-crescoredlonghl o.d.,. Thw God would....m known hll will '" IproudsouJfot.h.in ... "c"onol.hcu,n .. ,nag ... ",ome.Forwlldyhtuou ev.nbad will. of,ouL, wh.",herperv ... "J), abulC th."na'u ...... hichi.good.ONTH. L1TU ... L INTup"IT ... TloN o. GaNBS's Jt .... 6: AFT THK S . ", THI E'-RI SRN .. An OnNoD. 0.,,, ... , The eyu of o.n .. were .henopcni.wh,cbthr haddontw.U.o ke.pohu, hl"h.ymigh,oo.bedi .... c d andh,nd ... dfrom .... nS"'i.hlh v .. of,h m,nd. l:,,ulhoi.eyc"ofth.m;ndwtuchin 'PGS),1)1,FC74ol1 ...... a.n .... U l<. OS. "'-6o:J. 'PG _1' ' .... H. of sin. as I imagine. were then .. ttim<thrhad.njoy<dth<
This ,wofold kind of yi.ion in us was familia, ,0 our Savio who said. Forjudgment I have come into.hi. wodd. that tho .. who . u not might ... and that tho.e who.eemigh,bt made blind'-mcaningb)' ,he eyu that
cnedbyhisteaching;andthcey .. th., ; mcaninsth.eyesofoensc.whichhis wo,d, .. ndcrblind.AcA'NSTCELSU'7.J9.' A''''M ANI> EVB SEB THE EV'"'PlTO W'UCtt Ttt BT H"vIIFALLIIN.AuGUST''''2:1twuno, inordcrro ..,ou,,,a,d,hing ha," th.ir.y" w.<topen.d,because,heycould .... uch thinssal,ud).I,wasino,derth .. ,hey m,sh, .c. th. difT."enc. between the good they had lost and the evil into which the)' had fallen. Tha,i,whythe, ... iscalled,het .. eofthc knnwl.dg. of good and eyiI.Th.) had bcen (orbidden tnrouch it because if ,hey did i, would bring on the exp.rience of this di>linc tion.!t,akes ,hecxpcci.nceofthcpainsof ,ickn .. s.oopenou,eyu,otheplcauntn .. , ofh THE'I< SOUL LOSES h. MA'TU;Y O"HI< Ttt H 800\'. AUGU'TINE; As soon a. ou.fi .. , pa" enU had disobeyed God', commandm.n. ,hey wccci mm.di .. elrdep.iycdofdivm. grarcandwercasham.dnftheirnakednu . Thc)covercd,h.moelv withfigl.aves. whichp.,hap.wercth.fir .. ,hingno.icedb) th.troubledp.ir,Tht p.,ucovcr.drcmain.d unchanged.xp"ha'pu,iou$lytherocc" ",oncd no .h.me. They fcl, for .he fi,,: time. moo.men,ofdi.robcdienin .h.irfie.h.as ,noughthtpuni.hmen,weumcant,ofittht crimtof,heltowndiso;'edlCnc.,oGn<! . Tn. f.cti.thatth.,oul.whichhadtakenperverst deligh,ini .. ownlihertranddisdainedtht se,victofGod,waonnwdeprivedofiuorigi. "alma$teryover,hebndr,B.c.u i,had .. ert.dtheLordwhowa,ov .. i"i,nolong .. b.nt,nitswillth.ser\,an, bclo", it,b.ing unable cn hold the ncsh COm plet.lyin.ubjec,inna.would.lway.have bc.n'h.c ifonlyth oulhadrcm.in.d subjeCt to God. Frnm this or. . th.n, .h.n<$hb'gan,nlu"'g.inst,n.spitll. With ,hi.reb.llion w.arcborn.ju .... ,...arc .. ,s'nto bear. in nu. membetJ and vi,i., .. d na,ure. eitherth.b.ttltwi,ho,defu,by.hen h CITY OF GOD IJ.'J. " SY","OLlS",OFTH. F".L.AVIlS.AUGUS TINE: Then.h.y uw that th.ywere n.ked br pe,vert.d eyes, Th.ir original simplicitr ig- .... nowseem<dlobe .nmething '0 be ash.medof.And.o ,ha"h. r mightnolongerbe . imple.,he) m.d.aprons fnr th.msel ... from ,he leaves ofth. fig "ee. if,ocove"hei'p,i" ... par". that i . ,o covetthei,.implicity,ofwhichth.,cunninj; pridcwasa.h.med,Thele.v of,h.fig"er , ignifyacertainitching,if,hi.iscotrc<tl) uid in thec .. e of incorporeal ,hing$,whi ch ,ht mind , uffe"in wnndrous ,,ay. from ,ht desircandple .. urcnflying.A.ar uh,ho wholove'ojok.a .. e y .nc.ll.d ... l,y m La.in.Forinjok pren pl'Y'apnmary role, Two Sooo;. 01'< GENBS'S AGA'NST THE
"anlgr."ion. mad. apronl for themulvc. from fig leaves. ,he fig "CC can fillinglydclig- nalc ,he tc"d.n<y towI.d.in. Sin appcau wrongfully 10 bc fiUcd with .wec,nc" for th. h"man '''''c. Ho.lluu 01< THE G05PIU I."." TH", CLOTHING.luN ... US: No","thcfc .. of,hcLo.d i.thcbcg;nningofwildom:"Th. undcn,anding of lTanlgfc.llon lead. ,opcn,' nd.oh .. kindnc .. ,otho .. "'ho .... p.n. <anccin making a girdl coveringhim .. lf wi.h fig Jun>, when ,hefe wefe many oth. .. , He, ho"'ever, in awe of God. made a cloth,ng ,h"m ... h.dhi.d .. obcdi.ncc .... Andh. would .. odo"hlhavolr.optthi.do,h,ngfof' ever. if God in hi. mcrty had nOtdOlhcd Ihcm whh,,,niClof.kin inlludoffigleavc .
TH'sOUNO0' Goo',FOOT,T"" E. H .... THEsn'''I<,hwllnotonlybythepatiencc
p .. .... d t.h.too"nd . o m.kc,,,pp],ca,,on b-cfo .. himwhom.d.lh.,OU"d.Co ..... N. T .. UON GBNUI S;.H.' ," 0011 Goo H .. vl FliT! CH.,nono .. ; What ..... rOIl .. Are _ alllgn
lion of him' No. God doeln't Itroll-p" ... h ,helho"g-h,. enl .. h. " everrwher. and fjlling.v.rrthins with hll p ..... Can he for whom i, Ihrone and cUll.. . foolltool bc confi ned to Ihe gar_ den! What right-minded pc .. on (o"ld uy thil; So Whll 11 Ihc meaning oflhi. lIa,cmcn,. "They heard the SOLlnd of the Lord Goduhc ... .. dcninthccv.n,ng!Hc wanted 10 providc Ihem wi,h ' Llch anupe'i_ ence .. W<luld ind"cc in them aou<coflnguish. "'hichin fact hlppcncd,thcyhadloll,iking anupcflcnccthulhcytfl.d'0 h,d.from th. pres.nce of God. HO."LlU oI<GDlU'S 'H' 4." GOD W .. LII S ' N T HE COOL Of TH_ DU. j .,o ... , We read in Gcnesi. ,h .. when Ad.m .. d ,o.he ... pcn.rath.rlhantoGod,wh.nhch,dh,m .. lf from.h.f .. cofGod hen Godclme inlo ,he gar<l.n and .... $ walking about in th. cool of da).Nowli .. cntowhatthescriptur ... y . God oo"ght out Adam. not at midday b", in .hecven;ng.Atbmhadalf .. dr loll.h "n ligh,. for 1..11 high noon .. '" ov ... Ho .. ,uu ,." THE P ... NU .. ..... T Of OUT" M Cl fULLT O.U"fiO. CHRVS05To .. ;sce,heLo.d$lov. ingk;ndn.lI.ndlh urpa"ingdegr.eofhi. long-."ff.rlflg.l mean.,ho"llhbc,ng,napo.i. .;on '0 b-cgtudle."ch g,'" 11""0" righl of..,pl) and.arher.han.oconaign them at .... min,.din anficip.tionof,hei,t n$g,ul lon.ho.how. patien ... ndwithholdiaction.He .. lua <]1l.lIion. rcccOvco a replr and q"eot,ons them furthcr .. "HO(;I ,I7). '"Polt(klo. "LQAH:,Il$. "FC'I,Uj. "x; I UJ!;FC?4.:::1J."FC""1"- UIYUIO Ihal mighl oppo .. uni.y ,0duphyhll(ha.a" i."(lav.,n .... 'ard,a th .. ,Ll IS ONG.,USII".'J." Aa ........ ., By. H .. y" LIPT , HI LIGHT of T" .TIIUTt,.AUGUSTu<m:To,,ard. v.nlng Godwal"alkingi .. pandi thati h ...... com ... g 10 judge th.m. H. wu .. iIl walki .. g 1n p diui>cfo thcirpuni.hm.nt.lha,i th. p ..,nc.ofGodllill mov.damo .. gth.m. .. .,long.,"O<>d6.minh .. com m .. nd. Lt" filling that h.tOmUlow.rd .. un"'ual .... ady"" "ngforlh.m.lh .. , ",wh ... lh.interiorligh, ,rulh WaI bel .. g I .. k ... from Ih.m. hurd hIJvOlc . .. nd hid from hi igh,,'Nho h,duf.omlh."gh,ofGodbu,h.whohu abandon.dhim ... dil .. owbegIRmng,aloYc whlli.hilown!f,).,heyno,,'w.r.dolh.d wilh .. Ii .... nd h. who .poem . Ii. 'puu from wh.:u i, hi, Own. Thi, i, why Ih.y ....... id 10 hide nca. 10 th. tr ,hat WU1n ,he middl. of pand, ... lhati . n .... th.m..,lyc.whow Jelln middle .ank of thing. i>cnu,h God a.,dabov.bodiu.H.ntcth.J'b.c .. ,o,h.m lvulO.hatth.ymigh,be , roubl.d bythci.w ,ch.d . rro .... f,cr,h.yh.dl.ft Ih.light no"For lh. hum .. n.oult.nb p ..... kerin.h."u,h.bul th.truthil lhe;mmutabl.Godabov.". H.nc .... hocvC<lurn " .. yf.omlh .. , .. ulh ... d loward h'm.df ejoiclng no, In God wno .ulu .. nd.nhgh ..... himbu, .... ,h.r' .. hi'own .comlngl), f.co mocme .. u. bccomu d .. k by re ....... orlhe I;e. T .... o SoOIlSON G ... UIS AG .. ,NITTH.M ... lICH .. II ..... 3:913 GOD QUESTIONS ADAM AND EVE ' BI/r tlu L .... D God uned 10 rhe mlln,' IInd $lIid 10 him, YOI/,"' ' "And he III,d . , htllrd rht 10l/nd' ofrbtc illlbclllrdtn.' lInd /wlllllfTllid. """l/le J WOI ,,"ited: IInd I bId myulf." " He ,"id. 'Who told yow thor you wen IIl1hd! YOI/ ofrht Irtt' of which I "or ro till," "The mlln ' 'Qid. "Tht WOmlln whom Ihowgllvelllo be wir h mt. lhc gQve me fruir of rhe ITU. I IIl e." Ihe LOlD God laid 10 rhe WOmlln, ' Whal il tbil IhAI yow hllve dOlle!" Tht laid. "Tht serpenl begwiltd Mt . An d I Al e." Qv ", .... : God', word, .... you!' h ...... (AUGUST""' )' The "UeJ"on ",elf "' .. mun ,ha, ,her ...... nowhere Ad .. m could be, (A ..... osl). I, "'H no, .. k.d as onc. God ..... no< ,n him u. con .. "".nc. of 'houSh God dId no, ;'no ... ' ,h. a ........ (CHIIY' 5Osrolllj. Theyalloemphui:crhc fooli,h. nes. of Adam and Eve'. rran'grellion (&..< ..... ) b,,'a'u.cumetim.p .. dicrrhc . alvationofhumal'lkindiI'lChrin (Nov .. . T' .... ). Adam. anlwcr to God', q"uuon i ... retchederror. halloreveabth Adam .hinkl th.,hiltranlgre .. ioni.me,clyveni.l (AUGUSTINIl).God"pallcn,withAdam.to whom hcglv" , heoppoft"nity to reply. Bu, Adam .. f" oconfe hi inandpIlI, . h. blam.onEve (SYllliO"YH.NBwTHaoI.O G' .. N). Byuying.hat h innedh .. au of Ih. ",oman to him by G<><l Adam tr,es '0 a",ihll<C hll I;nn;ngto God (AlJGus, T'NHj. Ev.at.ofaibtoconfe .. h.rl;nand uy h.,.hc.crp<:n,hcglliledh., (S,.IIIiOf< THE NIW THiOl.OO'''Nj. Th ... nUlons and ".mpua'.c1fjIlSlificat'on.ho .. .nun willingn .... o p<:n. ( E.HRDt.DoIlOTH.ul OFG .. .. ). 3:9 GodC,.lurorb.,\h" THEQUUT' O ... AMuon:\Vharlhendou h. mean by"Adam. where ar< rhoul- Doel h. no, mun'in wha, citcuml<ancc'a,. YOII: not, -in what pJacc!'I. i. ,h.r.forc no. I qllu"on hut cp.oof.Fromwharcondillonofgood. n . .. ,hcatirud.andgracc,h.mcanltOuj', hav'yollfall.nin.othi. lta,.ofmiscrylYolI hav.fo .... kcn.,.rnallif. , Yollhave.n,omhcd you ... lf ,n,h .... ay.ofllnanddca.h.P .. RA 0150'4.70.: Goo D ...... TIA ...... '. SOUL. AUGUST'NI: Inoofar ua r .... II,onof .n.f1uh.g .. n".h. rebel],ou . ... ul promp'ed .0COVCt IhClt I'umc. they up.".nccdon. kind 0: " .. , n_God' '' ... r<ion of.n.soul. 1, .. '" tn""e .. h.nat,n. ",,,ma.e"whenGod " uked Ad.m, who wu be.ide h,m.df wilh order '0 Kold A"am hy remindinghim.hat .h rc.ally ..... no"'h.rerha.hc ..... ldhc. on" God was nOt in him. C, TY O. GOD I}" $.' Go,,', WO .. o5Co"D8M ... H uM ..... FooLISH' ... u. E PHUM THB SUI .. ": 'Whe .. ar. YOIl. Adam!- YDU rrapp<:d in Ih. ,mag'l\(d god. lihnt l$ rh."he .. rp<:ntfa1nly prom>led you! Or a,t you propared for rhe dearh rhat 1. ,h. Lo,d,d.crco:d fo'you, W""ld.h .. yo" hid colU,dcr.dtht rrults! Suppo . Adam. rharinltudof rp.n.whomightboth. mOIt dup..:.biec ..... u'eofall , .n.ng.1 or . god hadcom. '0 you! Would you hav. dup"td Ihe comman"ment of him ... ho g .... Y"".Uthestthinp.he.dinginllud.h.coun. .ciofon .... hohadnorye,don.you.nygood! W""ldyou,henhavccon.id ... d.vil,h.ve'Y On. who formed you 010' of noth,ng! Would youdupi ,e lh.Ontwhomadeyou ccond godove,c.ealion! Would youdar. inlt.ad '0 con.idergood.h.vcryf.U.nonewhogav you onl y a v.rbal p.omi of lome good! If .nothe, god w.n '0 com. ' 0 you in po ...... Ihould you no,hue rcjeed hi. advI<e! Ho .. ' muchmort,heninlh.caJcofa$erp<:nt ... ho (lme.oyou wim nO pow wnh ""wondrous d d.bu'lVithonlrtheemprYlVO,d.h.,i, Ipokc.oyOlllCOMMINUkYONG."U,S . 6.1" .' GOO5S ... " ,. Dou NOT I .. PL, \ .... o ..... .. ,,5.Nov .. T' .. N:Th. fac, .h .. God ' Clrchc.for [AdamJ docono'proc dfrorr. \ t ignorance on rhe pan of God. bur i, .ny,hing of hi. own. Two ROOKS ON GENUIS ftns m.n'. hope of. futu di.covu)' and 1. ACA.'NST TNE ,.,ion in Ch,i". 0" T .. ''''TY I.n.' WHY D,u Gou ASI<ICH"VSOSTOM: you
uk<:d th.m but rath<T knew. and kn.w v01'}' w.U.h. ,how. cotUid.'arion fo, rhe;rlimita ootUlOutod.m,m, .. arehi.own lovingkind n .... andh.invi ... th.m.omak.admi .. ionof th.i. f.ul ... HOM,Llu 0" 3:10 12 Ft .. ring .. nd Hidingjrom God THaATTBMPT .. TSnpJun' PIC .. TIO". Ep"UMTHlSn., .. ,,:ln ... adofconfe .. ing wha. he had don., which would have helped h,m.h.rela,edwha.hadb<:endone,ohim. whichdidno,helphimat.1L ... Adam.gain fa;lcd t<> confc .. hi. follr and blamed rh. woman. ON GUN!SlS . ;.,.,' GOD b NOT ... T HU"" N N .. KBo, NBO$.A"cUST,NE: V,'h.nAdamh.ardGod'. voice. he an,w.r.d that h. hid becau he wa, naked. Hi, anlwer WH . w,<rehed <nO . a. if m.n nakcd, as Godh.d mad. him. could b. .. ingu,.hingmork of.rror that wh ver.nyone find. pe .. onally di"pleuingheimagin,"i . di.ple .. ing.oGod wclLWe.houldund ..... ndin .loft),.n .. hCWD,d. "f'h<Lo,d." \Vhotold you that you wcrcnak.d,unlc"baau,cy"unav""'.n f."m ,ha. tr.cabout which l."ldy"uthat from it alon. you.hould nor c,..;"Scforc hc wo& naked of an)' diuimulation and c1orh.d wi.h.hedivin.light.Fromthi.lignth u,n.da .... arand.u.n.dlOwardhim.clf. Tn" i he m.an,ngofhi.havingutcnfromth trc . He ... w his n.k.dneu,.nd it "a. dil' plcasing to him.clfbcc.uso h. dici no,h.v. C" AnA .. Don NOT R ... LI ZB THII GRAVITY OF Hu T .... NsG .. USl ON.AuGlJsTlNB:ln.ofar h.a.< yet had no divine lever;tj-. Adam could b.dccei ved inbcli.ving rhathi, rransre .. ionwa>mercl)v.niaJ.And rhercforc h. was ar lUll not dcc.;vcdin,hc ", me "" 'y th., Ev.,, ... H.,, .. mcrcly mi . rak.nconccrningth.judgm.nt rha' .... ould follow hi. attempt ,o.xcu him",lf,The woman you placed., my . idcgav. me f,ui, from rh. trce. and la,e:To.ummari%. bri.fl)': rhough no, equally dc<civ.d by behev ingrhe",rpen, . h.y.qually , inncdandwer< caugh.and.n.narcdby,h.dcviJ.CITVOF GOD'.,",' ! T .. . R. PINT .. NCB.E .... RE .. T .. E SVR'A.": !fAdam and Ev. had.ought '0 rcpc .... ftcrth., h.d tran.gr .... d ,h. com m.ndment , even rhough thc)" would no, hav. regain.d.ha'wh;ch.h.yh.dpo ..... "dbef" .. he"tranogreuionof,hec"mmandm<nr. 'hcj" would have cscap .. d from ,h. cu"e, ,ha, wcrc d"cre"d"n.h<"or,h1nduponthem GSNESlS"'J.z' ADA. .. HID H, s DBCBPTION.SYMBOl< ... ,de.rfricnd . ho'"pa.icnt God i.f Forwhcn h.uid. "Adorn. where arc you'" and when Adam did ROI onconfu.hi inbutsaid."lhcard your voicc. 0 Lord. and rulizcdtha, I am
nordid".imm.di .. cl y .urn,w.). Rath ... . h.
'FCIO'i-1'J."FC9U,.!S .h.opponuni'yorl .econdrcpl y and id."Who.old you.ha. you are naked! UlIlcnyoual,ofthc,r,cofwhichlcom. mlndedyaullo"oca,:Conlidcrhawpra- fo und arc the word. of God'. wi sdam. H. IIY'."Why do you lIy tha, you are lIaked bu. hide YOUt lOll! Doyou ... Uy.hinkth .. IH. only your body bu. do nO'''' yourh ..... nd your .haugh"r Sinc. Ad.m wu deceiv.d hc
,d.omcth,nglik. thll to h,mlclf,"lfl "y thltlamnakcd.God,nhi.,gnoranc.will 1I). \VhYlrcyou nakcdI'Thenlolullhl v, '0 deny and.a),' ldo nOt know:and .o1 Ihall not bc caught by h,m and he will give m.backlhegarm.n, , ha, I had a, fir ... If nO'.I. longuhcdocl no,ca" me OUI. h. will nO, uil. While h. Wa> thillking th.Hthought .. God.unwiUing'omuh, ply hi. guil""YI."Ho" did you ... liu ,h .. you a .. ... ofth. tr of which I commanded younot,oeat: l. ilu though he .. ,d."Oo you rnllythink thll you can hide from m., 00 you ,magine Iha,1 do no,kno,, ,.,ha,you have don., Will you no, u).'lhav .llnn.dtS'y.Oacound .. l. ' Yc . it 11 ' ru'. M ... e I h.vc tun.grcucd your command. lhov.f.Ucnbyh .. cningto.h. woman,counJc1.I am grcatlyat fauhfo, doi ng whIt Ih ... id Ind di.ob.ying your wo,d. HIve me,,), on m.!'" But h.do .. not humbl.h,mlclf.hcdoclno.b""d.Th.ncck ofhllheanIlHkealln oflton!Foth.dh. .. ,d ,hi . h.migh.h." .... y.dinp ... d" . By .h"on.wotdhcmigh,hav"paccdhimlclf du. whol e cyde of nib wllhaut number tha:h.cndurcdbrhllcxpul .. onand,n Ipcnding.oman)ccntu"co , nhell.O'I COll IlSflSS" TO GOD. Th.n.11 il quite com. mon in C&ael of p.id he dOCl nOt acclilC him. u lf ofh.ring (onunted to Ihe woman b...t pU.hClthef.u!t off upon,h ... omon.Thus. u if outaf .clevcrnClI .h' poo,fellowhadcon_ uived,hecunningly,rlcd,o ... ribuhlllln nin"oGodh,m .. lf.Forhcdod notjUlluy. ",he woman gon.o me: but Iddedon."he womln you glvc.o m.: Nothin, is .. char&<. tcrift'cof.i nn ... u.a .... n"a ... ribu,.'o God enrythin, for which ,her areacCUl(d . Thll ari .. 1 from Ihl' v. in of prid . For m.n .inned in wi,h,n"o bc like God . hat i., ."be f. e from his dom,nion, u God il fre. from all dom,n,on,a,ncc he il ,he Lo.d ofalJ.Two Boou 01< G."u" ACAI .. ST TOn MAN' CHA ..... 3: 13 God QII.Jl ioIU 11.. E"., EVU'ONI. EPH OI THBSn'AN:Sincc Ad.mdidno,wilh,ocanfeuhilfollr God camedo ... nt0'luu,ionE ... lnduidtohc Whui hi.,h .. )'Ouh .... ,n" .. dofm.kinglupplicldonwi,hh .. ,elrs Indbe .. ingtherlul.her, clf lO ,h.,merc) might ,ake hold of both hc,"ndhcrhulband. ,e'ponded by uy,ng no,"Th.,upcnt cou" Hied or seduced me'but "Th, lupcnl deceivedm ndI atc: When the 'wo of,h.m hadheen '1uc.< lIoncdandwenbo.hfourul,al>c ... antlng,n remor .. o,uu.conui"on. God ... en.down,o the.erpcn,no"omoktin'lu''1'bu orendcr puni.hmen"Forwh ... ,he.e;l opportun,,)' ror rcpcn,. nc . 11 would be righ. toin'lu"e. bur .0 one who i.I .... torepcn,"n, Jud,mentufiltl ng.CO .... NTA.YOl<Gfil<151S . E ... A ... o R .. ", .. TO CO ...... H S, ,,. Snllo" TH& NI ... THROW"' .... : Moo God hldl.ftAd .. ".h..cam. , oE .... H ...... n .. d,o . howhor,hllshe,oowouldbtuIIOUI.if.he w ... unwilli ng'orep.nt.Soh .... id.\Vh.oti. .h",ha,youhav. don.!"lothar.h tluJI "ugh,belble,o"'r:lhav.ltnn.d." MydK d,dGodn .. d.olpeakth ...... ord.,oh ... unl.N ,nd .. d'o.nabl. h.r ,o .... ). ln my foUr. OM ..... r.I..lowlr wrech.h.u.don. th, .nd h."., d,oobeyed you. H."" m" cron me?" Bu, .hed,d notur,h, . MI.did.he .. y' Th rpen' beguiled m.: How .en.deu? 50 youh .. clpokcn with.he lcrpen . wholpe"lu Iglln1.yourM ..... r,Himyouhav.preferred .0 God who mad. you. You have valu.d hi. Idv".morehighlr .. ndheldlt.obt.ruer.han .he comnundmen. of your Mu ... ! 50. when Ev GQ'..a.un .. bl o ... ,.lh ...... 1Rn.d: bo.hwer.cu,outfromtheplauofenjoy m.n, . Ther w ... ban .. hed from p.rad ... and from God. D'SCOltMSas s.6. " THB U"W' LLI .. GNUI T O R .PI"T. Do. OTHlulOf GAz.o.:Aga,n.If tAd.omh .. d don ........ ngGodgav.h,ml chlnco.o r.pen. and bt forg,v.n.1nd "",he kepI on bt,ng .. i!f nked Indunrepentan . For God Um.10 h,m .. nd .... id. ... d.m.wh ...... you, inl.ud of uy,ng.From whl'glory a yo" (ome ,0 .h,,1 Ar. you no. u h.medl Why did you.in! My did you go .... ntr.-IIifu'lli nghim oh .. p1ro ... rForgiwm.!Bu.,h.r ....... no .ignofhumili ' r-Ther,,,unoch.ngeofheul bUI ralh .. ,h. contra!"}'. H ... pl ied:ne wife thllyougav.m."- mlrkyou. nol mr wilfe" - d.ceind wife th ... gave
head:50itiJ. my brethren. when.manh ... nOI.he gull 1<>&CCuse himul{. he dou no. aCCuse God h'mKlf. Then God came 10 .. ndu.id 10 h . Whrdid you no,
you would onlr.a).Forgi v. me:.o humble rour50ulandbtforgiyen:"'ndagain.no,. word! No forgiye m.: onl)" In.w .. ed. "The.erpen,dccciycdm.:-Ilif,o",).if .h. ... rpen' did wrong..wh .. , concern i h ... o melW'h .. , Ire yo .. doing. yo ....... h .. ! Kneel ,n .. penllnct ... cknowkdg. your f .,h. lake pity on yo .. r nakedne ... BUlnei.herlheon. nor Ihe olher ooped '0 aelf.ccu .. "on. no ... cc ofhumilily wu found in eilher of Ihem And no'"look and conlider ho,,' Ih",,'" onlr.n .nttcipa,ion ofourown .... e!S how ,- m.nr lndg .... "' .... iLo i,h ... b,ough,on u.-.h" .. lf.j .... ific ... ion.lhi' hold,og f .... o our o .. n wiU h .. <>buinaq-,n betngour own guidt.Sp''''Tu''ll"STlWCTtO><'.'' 3:1415 THE PUNIS HMENT OF T H E SER PENT
YDU Ihi., art YDU abov. aH abDvr Dnima!s; wpan'yawrb,UYJDulhaUgo, YDU lball tal all ,h. of yaur lif. "I ",ill pur . nm;,y b.,,,, n you tb. WDman, andbttwun yowrlt.d andb.rlt.d; h.' .hall &rw;I(' y"ur andyo" brwil.' h;, h.d," OVIlIt.VIB,,:Godpuni.he.lhe rpenrwirh ou,inquiringb.cau iti,aJlranger'o r.p.nranc . Godcu .... th erpentabov<all bu."becau.ci,JeccivcdAdam andEvc, whomled anb ..... (EPHRE .. ).h'puni.h mentup ... en .. rhcpuni . hmenrofrhedevil (AMBII.osB,AuGUST'NI)."Du" you .han Ut" mCan. that thc dcvil wiH look for and de.,ro)' tho.e mcn who are ca<thly minded and PUt all thcirhopc in thc earth (C'6' $ .. IlIUS OF ARLIlS). God pu .. enmirr bctwccn the ... pcntand rbewoman becau we can not be tcmpted by.he dtvilucept 'hrough that animala.p<" ,hat rcvcal. rh imag. or exemplificnion ofrhe wOman in th. one whole man (AUGUSTINII).Thcocrpcn,i,not dc.,roycd b)' God in ordertowam men "pin" the dangcrof.in (AMUIlOSB).God, word . "J will pu,enm"yb",wccn you and rnc woman. and bctween you,..ecdand her occd:c.nbe re.d pufiguri ngof the VLC, toryofChri .. over the devil (1IlN"fius) 3:14GoJ C"r. t.lh.Strptnr THII SIIIlP''''T Is .. ST .... NGII .. TO REPBN' T"NCII.EpHRIIM THE SVRUN; \Vh.n [Adam and Eve] had bccn quurioncdand wc .. borh foundtobewan,inginremoru o,tru<confTi. tion.God wcntdown to Ihe.crpcnt, no, to mak. inqui ry bu,to rcnderpuni.hmen"For whercthcrei,oppofl uni'yforrcpen,ance, it wouldb.righttoinquire,bu,roonewhoi . "angertottpcntance,j udgmenti.fitting.h i.iothat you mightknowth.ttheurpcn,i. notcapabl eof repcntance,that when God uid fO i,:Secau.eyou have donc thi., cur .. d a .. you.bove eve,)' b ... t:the .c'pent did nOt ).,.J did not do;t:bccau .. it,, r .. id to lie. no, did it.a).J did it:bec.u.e it "a, . "rang ...
Goo Cu u IT ABo". ALL B .... T E.Hu"'THBST.u.N:C"rud ... ..,yo" ... bo .".rybnll,"b.C ... "a. yo"dccc,v.drhouwho rul.o raUrh.bc: .... ".hllt.adofb.'ngmor. dov.rrhanall.he buJI,youwHlbe mor. ,urud tban all the b ....... and ' on your beUj' ,hall yougo:b.cluo<youbr<>ughr b,. th pang. uponlh.rac.ofwom.n.Anddultyouohall n'a!I.uy,ofyourlikbe ...... uyou<kpriv.d Adam and Ev. from eaung of Ih. , .. e of Lik ON ;.;9.1.' THM 0 ... 0 .. CO .. o ..... "TlON. A .. BBUSE Th.nrp.nti.a 'yp.oflh.plu.uruof,h. bodj'. Th. woman Itand. forour n.e. and .h.manfo.ourm;nd . PL.aourell, ,,,h. .. n wh,ch ,n ,urn h Ih.".ffecl on th. "u"d.PL.asure. ,h.refore.i.lh'pnm ... ..y sour<.of. ,n. Fo"his reuon. do nOt wonder 11 thc faCl tha, by Go .. r.judgm.nt Ih <:rpen. wao flrlt cond.mned. then Ih. woman .nd finally rh. man. The ord., of cond.mnu,on. ,oo.corre'ponded to Ih ... t of th. C"m corn m,,,.d. forpL.asureu.ualLycapt;'a,u,h. en .. a. andthe .. n.u c.p".a.e.h.m,nd.To convu" . you th .... ,h."rpen, "th. type of pluau.e akenot.ofh"condemnallon.On your br ".nd on yourb.Uy.haU you crawl: w.rcad.Onlytho whohv.forlh.pLu."re. o{,h<llomachcanb.uid.owalkon,h.i, bclliu: whofCgodi. th.irbdl),andrh.ir glory i. thelf.hamc:' who eat ofwhac " urthy.nd ... ho. wcighed down "'"h food .... b.n, on. to ...... rd ... hat .. of ur.h. The .. r pentlf ... Uc.Ucdth'rmbo!ofplea.ure,n thal. ,n .. nt on food,h .... m' 10 f .. d on th. carth,'On you,bre .... , and on your bdiy shall youcnwl.du".hallyou.a, .U,h.day.of yourlif.: I',,"""' UI 5.7l74.' ,. PllN"""'.NTOf n ' ID.",L.AuoUITII<I: .. rpent i. no'no"''1uu"on.dhu, rccciv.dpunishm.n, firs,. benusc he unnOt con{euhi in.On ....... hocannotconf.u.in has nogrounda,aUfote:r.culi ngh,mlclf. There 11 no men, ion now of . ha< condemn,. ,ionof,hedevil.h .. i.,,,,erv.d for th. lut j udgm.n'.of .... aays."Ocpa" ,n.o th crnal fin, which hao bc.npupa,edforth.d.vil ... ndhuang.t..:' Ra.h .. tfm.nllon. tha'punishmentofhll ' gain" whICh w. mu .. bcon guard. Fnr h .. pun,.hm.nt ",ha, h. h in h,s power rho who dc.p' " the command of God. Th ... ord. b),wh"h ntencci. pronounc"d aga,nothim ,hi. dear. Th. pun,.hm.nt ;a the g.ca.er
wh.rcubcforeh,.fallh." ..... ccw,omed.o "JO,cc,nlhe.ubhmc .. u.h" nwhochh.d,d no ... maln.H.ncc.".n,h.caltlc.r .... .h .... dofh,m.no.'npo .. c,buf ln fh.prc.cr. ,."on of th."n .. ,u, . Fo,ca"le did nn,lo ... hca.enly happ,n .... ,ha"h tnc"cr h ... db .. , hv hc"lif.,n,hcn.tur.th.,.hey .. cClv.d . HcnuGod'l,dfohlm. You will c ... p upon you,cb .... ndbcUy."\V.can .. eth .. 'n.h. .nak ..... w.U ndth.e:r.p ..... 'nn' . ... n. f .... dfromlh.,.isibL.an'maJ.o,hll,nv .. cnemyofou.r . Fo.(h.(crm,I>tJlllgnifiu p,id.bccauu,he",ongdrivcaof,h.loul ruJe,hcre.Th. termi>dIYOLgnif,.."carnal d ..... beclulCth"pa"ofthebod)'",ecog n,zedu.oflC,.S,nccbyth cmcan.h. nups upOntno .. whomh." ... nutodece,v . Ge>daa,d,'YouwiILcrccp upon your ch .. , and bell)': Two 800)[s 0 .. GaNu,s.I,,:aINST TH
GaKa,.):,,,,,S T". DIVIL DU T.on THon WHO A E .... T"U M,ND .... C .. I ..... ,US OF Aun: God laid 10 d.vil :Olllt you Ih .. ll u,: b i',h ..... thth .. tw.'re .. dllnd.rf_tthatthc devil UII, bre,hren! No, It i, who Ire u .. hlym.ndcd.lCnlll.!andproud .... ...,IOYc thcunh."dp!ac ll,h.irhopeoinit.Th.y l.bor.ntircly forcar".l Idv." .. g ..... , h., {or Illch pl.uur ,.nd think littl.or nothing of
.h.", ,h. d.villCd .... H. "'cmllo do 10 junl)', {or,h.ywcr.usigncdtohim.,lh.bcglnn",g of,h.world ... h.ni .... u id.ohim,Dw, fOu .h.1I ut.Therefore I., e.ch Onc I_I. 10 hi.owncons.ci.nco.lfh.lccolhalh.hu gru,crcar.fo,hilbodylhan{o,hi ouJ.lu h,m fur that h. will bnome the food ofthc urpcnt. SU"OH5 116.' ): 1; E"",ifyBetw."" fht S.rp""tandtlJt Woma" Sn .. o Ll cM ...... , .. G o 'THIE"' .. ,TT. nth. ICrp4'n,"ndtbcm.nbu,bcrwc.nthcICrpcnt .. nd ,he WOman. Thi ... lurcll' nOt beuu .. h. f.ilo,od.c.iv ndt.mp.mcn, i.itIOn,h. contra'r,iti.dea,lhalh.doc.dcceivcthcm. O.i."bccau hcdidnoldeccivcAd .. mbut hi . womanIBu,il,h.urp4'n,thcnno,thc enemy of , h. mln 10 whom .hlt deception came ,hrougb h"womln, eopcciaUy,in.el ",m pllcc.nmitybe,we.nyou.nd.he ... om.niln.t.dinlh.fu,u,.l lfth ..... oni. thath.didnotth caftcrde.eiv.Adam,itil al ... trU.thlfh.didnotlh.relh.rdcc.i..., E.n.Hcncc.",hydoc,Scrop.urcpu,i"hi. ""rITo';'o,, dca,h-,h., "'. can"", bc I.mpt.dbl, th.d.vil .. ccp"h.oughtha,ani mal part .... "ic" .. y.ab,"o,o . puk. ,h. imag. 0< uemp!ification of ,h. woman in ,he on. " m .. n. Two Boou 0'" G8"'ISIS AG ... ,,,,sTT,, .M ... ,,,,cH ... uNs . 18 . a.' GOD Do .. NOT OUTaOY TM. S "'T. A .... on: Godjudgcd tha' ..... '0 be held in (hnk for a tirn. rather than tobc de"roy.d,10 t .. a,h ..... y.,o.helCrpcnt,J will pu, .nmi,y b .. ",un fOu and ",om.n, and your and ,h .... d of ,h wom .. n.Sh haUwatehforrourhcadand you for hcrhccl. Wh.re.nmine. remain. ,h .. crema",ldn(ord.ndth.d .. ".,odo harm.\\'h.reth.'.i ..... d ... ".,odoharm, ,h ........ i1I1C1tablilhed. Th.reforethe " d'JCordbcrwccnth.IC'pcn.andlh.woman. Evil i. at th.bucofdis.co,d: ,hu, evil hll nOt bcen,ncda,,ay.lnde.d.ilh .. b.:enrc ..... cd forth.ocrp4'nl , lh .. h.m'gh,watchfor,h .. woman', h.eland h .... l ofhet ICed, ... a. 10 doharm .. ndlnfulehi'poi.on. Thereforel.t ul no, .... alkinearthlything.,.nd,h crp.n, will not beabl. '0 harm u . L., u'pu, on ,an dal.ofth.golpcl,hat.hutou"helC'pcn,, poi ... nandblun,hi.bi, .. ,h.,,,,.m.ybcpro. idcdwithcoveri ngonou,f .. etbJ'rhegOlpcl. FUGOlTHOlolTOlIWOJl.LD7.4l." ENIoI,TYA PJI. .. ' GUIAT10NO.TMBV,CTO.T
Ch';lIcompl ... I)'renc",edall,hi"gl,both .. king up the battl.againlt our cn.my.nd cnuhingh,m ... hoatthebcgonningh.dl.dw cap.iv. in Adam, trampling on hi. hud ... you find in Gcnc.i. th .. God lIid '0 th r pcnl, lwillpulenmi'ybctweonyouand,h. ... oman. andbc.w nyourIC.dand,h .. sud of the woman. will be on the watch 0" yo .. rh .. d.lndyou .. illbeonth ...... chro" hi. FT<>m thn"n it wa. that .. the likene ... ofAd.m. wouldbeon,hewa"hf"r .he.erpen ... h .. d.Thi.i.th.seedofwhich .he,poSlle .. y. in.he lettu '0 the Galatian . The law of wo,tu was established until the .eed should come.o whom the prom i wu made.'" Heshow hi ... illmo",clearl)'in .h ..... me.pi.d.wh.nh. sayo. Bu, when the fullne ... of'im< , ... ,15 <om God sent hilSon made af a waman:" Th nem)' wauld nat have been jUldy canquered unless it had been a man mad. af Waman who conquered him. Far i. ,n' b)' a wOman that he had power aver man fram the beginning etting himself up in app".ition to man. Bccau5eofthi"he Lard alsadeclareshimoelflObe.heSonafMan, .a renewing in him.elf .ha. primal man from wham .he farmatian af man by waman began, that aI ou' racewen,dnwn.ndeath by a man whn avercame. and asdea.h wOn rhc palm af vic.nryav .. usbyaman . nwemightb). man receive.he palm nfvictory over de.th AGA'NST Hnuns 3:16-19 THE P UNISHMENT OF ADAM AND EVE b. ,aid. 0J will multiply JOw, in in pain JOu bringfortb ,bildr,n. yowrhsband. rwl, opu JOw. " And to Ad a", b'l4id. JOu to th. VO;ct of yowr wife. t4 t'n oftbe trre of whicb J JOu. TowshallnOlr4foJil: ,wr>cd is Ih, ground of you];' in toil JOU ,al of il days of Jour life; "fbM"l and it shall JOu; dn': yow th. of Ihr fiei': rh. of Jour shall ,a: fm_yOW ,etur" Ih. grounoi . foroutof;tJou ... JOU dust. ' And todult' JovlbAllrtturn: Ov .. v, n,: The Inah il punilhed fin, in ord<r.ogiv. ... ihil i.y.o (PH"'''), pain. on Eve in bringing fo .. h child ... n.ymbolin.h. pain. that human heing ufftr in gwing I .... h 10 temperance in their lOul (AUGUsn .... CHIIY sosro .. j. Marriag ... duil<d in order that Ih. humantactmighlhtprue .... edhythe,.,nul ' .ionofchild ... n ( j oHNopD"M"scul ).lfAdlm andEv.hldno,"inn.d.lh.birlhingofchil d ... n ....... ldluv.taken place in paradise ... i.h oul'oon:!in.u.conC\lpit.c:.nc. ( .... UGuST1N.j. .... dam.hud.hip .. uturn.dup.id.do ... n bJ'Ev.. ac,ion(C ... r$OSTOMj. Theironyo{ Adam'.cutJeiotlutllifeofcon n.men.had b.upromi .. dund., bollndariu,bu h. lif.h.chosc"putfrom.hosebo"ndal'elw ... thorns. thi.t1 Ind labor (CuJLopAI.UA" OIUA,C" .... SOSTOoll ). The whole cr ... llon IS dc .. in.d.oohl ... in.hccllrseofmlnlnd ... om.n (M .. c ... "'.TH.G .... T). Thclabo .. and ... "o ... impoo.donAd.m Ind.llhllmanprog.nyar.vi ..... dby .h. F.,h ...... both spiri'\I.1 (AUGltSTts.) .nd phyt.cal (CHI<YSOSTO>II ). Thcthomothatgrow on earth.ymbohu.h inoofhumankind r.mov.d by Christ (TuruLu4",j. Death "'11 not impo d by God on Adlmand Ev. bUI wu onnqu.n .. of.heird.liher .... in (A ..... osl). Youshallr .. urnrodw.d .... no,mean,h.uh"mannuhpcrioh .. com. pl.,oJy bu,u,I.i.il ff.nlformedinotd<r.o b.r .. "" .... dbyllICru.o . Chri" .... ln.ing ,oru"".c.,ha,,,hich"h.dgon.in.odlllt: look an urthlybody (O.IGEN). AFT T" ,S"PI"' T'& P u .. " .. "' u .. T.Ao .... .. .. oEv. Do NOT RBPB .. T. E.HB", T N I Sr "N:Th'p"ni.hmenld.".td'glinlrlh. . erpent "' ... Jwdy d .. ..,.d. Whyllkuu if ,,ufitt;nglhllp"niohm.n.rc,urn.o.h. placewh ... follj'Mgino. Th n.ire,u.on G<>d b'gln wi.h Ihil impiou5 CrUlure wao 1<1 that,wh.nju.IIC.lppc diuan,.,r<>n.hi. crta."rc.AdamandE" houJdgro ... afraid and .. pcn ..... ha' ,h ... rn'ghlhe. pouibility foS .... oprele ..... th.mfrom.he cll .... of j" .. icc,B" .... h.n,h ... ,?<n.hadhe.ncursed .ndAdamlnd E".bad .. illm.d.nooupp),ca. lion. God clm o .h.m w;.h puni.hmen . H. cam oE".fi .... bccl .... 'lw .... hro .. ghh .. .hll.h.linw ... hand.donloAdlm.Co .. .. U 0 .. G .... IlS T,, " WO ...... 5 Cu. n.CH.nono .. , .h.Lordlgoodnc.o. howmllchmildn ... ho .mploj'l do'pi"I"ch 1 rribJ. falL ! will g ... dyaggr.,,"!C.h.p.inofyourlabor. MJ intenlion hadbe.n. h.;1 n r ing. for you to h,vcllif.f..,.ofll'<lllbJ nddi ........ , r;dof allp.inlndgri.f, fiJl.d ... ;thcvcrypl.lll1re andwi.h nO'enIC of bodily ncedl dupiteyollr bodi]ycondi.ion, Bu,.inc'youmi. ul<d l llch ind"lgcncc,.nd.h.ab .. ndlouofgood,bi njl' o led you inlOOllcft ing ... ituci . accord,ngiy I impoo.,h .. c .. .herrunningrinl,andJsen.enceyou.opain_ fullabor."Jwillgreatly oggravatethepainof your labor; in pain you will bcarchildren: I will ensure. hei.uying.tha.thegen .. a rionofchildren.arearonforgreat.ari.f.c tion.foryouwi ll beginwithpainwth each timewi.hou. fail you will perlon.lly have a romtnder.through the di.tres. and the p.in of e.chbirth.ofthemagnirudeofthi inofdi. ob.dience .... lntheb.ginninglcre dyou equal in esteem to your husbond. ond my in .. ntion ... .. th.rineverythingyouwould shartwithhtma.anequal.andaslentru .. ed cnntrolofevery,hingto your hu.band. ".did I to you, but ynuabu.ed your equalit) of ... ,us.Htncel.ubje you '0 ynut hu.band Ho.,'lIesoo<G&NES'SI7.)O),.)6. ' Sno ... OLIC MlI .. NING I.,POSHD 0 " EVi>. AUGIJSTlNE: Ther. i.no que .. ionaboutth.puni.hmentofth. woman. For.h. cI.arly h her p.in nd .igh,multipli.dinth.woeoofthi. lif. Although htr bearing her chi ldren in pain i, fulfilled inthi. visibl. woman. Our consid.r arion.houldnever,hel ... b .... oll.d.o,h.t more hidden WOman. For even in anima!. th. femal bearoff.pringwithpoin ndthi.i . in ,heir .... thc condition ofmortali,y r.therth.n.hepunishmcntof . in.Hcnce. it i'pouibleth.tth"b h. condi,ionofmor t.lbodi .. eveninthefem.lesofhum.n . But rhi .i.thegreatpuni.hment:theyh. v.com. coth'p ... entbodilymortali'rfromth.ir (ormer immo"alitj"Still there i great mysterr inthi entcncc,beuu therei,no rUtUln, ftom catnal desire. which does no, havepam ,n,hco.g,nnmsun,i lh.bithas been bcn, ,o"'ard improvement. When thi ' has come abou,. it is as rhough a child i. born, .h., IS . ,h. hab!! dispo ... Our inten,ions ,owatd ,h. good d .,d. In order tha. t his habit might be born. t herc w painfulnrugglewithb.dh.bit.Scripturc add frth.birth."You will rurn to youc man . ndhe willruleoveryou." ... Wh.t canthi. me.nuceptth.t when tha, parr o( the.oul held by carnal joys has. in will ing to conquerabadhabit . uffereddifficult),.nd pain.ndinthi , wrbroughtforth.good habit. it now morccarefully.nd dilignd), ob.y.rcasonuits hu.b.nd'Andtaught b)' itspaino,itturn.,o rea.on.ndwilling!r obeys i .. command. leSf it again d.dinc to some harmful habit. Two BOOKS GBN . S,S AOA1NST TH. MAN'CHA"AN. 1.t9.19. '
TWN 0_ DAMASCUS ViTginit)waspracticedinpar.di.e. !nd.ed. sacred Scripture ny' th.t",her ",erenaktd, <0 wit. Adom ond Ev., .nd were not ashamed," However.oncethrh.dfall.n.the),kn.,, th .. they ... eren.ked , .ndbeins .. h.med,h.) sewed together.pton, focthcm.e!ve . Af.er the fall. when Adam hcard"Du.s. ,hou . ... and unrodustyou&hoU turn:.nddeo,hen .. rcd into ,h. world through tran,sre .. ion, th.n Adom knew hi. wife. who conceived .nd broughtforth.And.o,o kt.prhcr.cefroR'. dwindling and being destroyed by dcath. m.r ri.ge ..... ' d.v .. ed o that by the beJ;erringof children ,h. r.ce of men might bepre.ervtd
P"oCRIl .. n ON WOIJ LOHAVETAE HNPLACIl
may w.nOl au um.,h.t ,h. fir.' couplebefor< ,her 'i nned could h."'gi'.n. command ' 0 GDlg"F'''''9 thci.",niuJ organ, for ,he purpo.., ofproc .. ation U they did to the other m.mbeutha, thc.ouli. accultom.dlomov.loperrorm nrioUAu,luwi.hou,any.roubl.lndwithou. any cnving for pl.uur.! For.h lmigh.y Crutor,worthyofprai ...... yond.llword . who i.great .... n in ,he l.uI of hi. worlu. hu gi,..ntoth ....... th.po ... rof"'producing ,h.iryoungjuJtu.h.yproduc.wuand honey. Wh). ,h.n, .hould;' cm Myond M' I,cf,h.,hcm.d.,h.bod, oflhcfiro,human bc,ng.,n.ucha .... y,ha'.if,hcyhldno, . inncd.ndh:u:lno,immcd,alCly,h .. cupon con .. "" .. d. d,HUC that would brongdcath. ,hey would move ,he m.m""ro by which off Ipring ... g.ncr ... d in th. lam ..... y ,hat on. command.hi,f .. , .. h.nh ... alh.JO ,hat conc.puonwouldukcplacc ... ilhoutdi,or d .. cdpauionlandbi"hwi,hou'p.in!Bu,al it ... hydtsobcy,ngGod.commandlh.) d ..,,.,...d.o th.ir m.mM .. , wh.r. dc.,h no'"r.ign.d. ,h. mov.m.n, of . la ... at war wi.h ,1..1 .... of Ih. m,n4. Thi. 11 I m"nm.n, ,h., marelag. rcgulatu .nd <on,, ncnc.cont,,,I. andcon .... inl . oth.,wh.r. puntshm.nthufollo_d.in.th ... corrcctoon m.y follow punllhm.n,.' 0" THE
A"u,', RUPo"" .,U'T E,, " DI PAULTEO. CH1t.YSOSTOM: Af r Ill. you.re h.adofyour ... if nd . h.h .. bc.ncr .... d foryour .. k.:b",youh .... inv .... dth. propcrorder:no,onlrhlvcyouf.ilcd,oltccp h.ron,heltraigh,andnarro,,bl>tYl>navc b ndrlgg.ddownwithh.r,.ndwh ...... h ... tofthcbodt'lbouldfollo. th.hcad . he cOntrl'1,ha.,nfactocc .. rr.c!,.heh.ac!follow. ingth.r."of.hebody.'I>rningthing .,p,idc down. Ho>OlUU ON GINISI5 ".,1.' 5"" UTu .. lAlnCT Of'K.PUN, I HMI NT IMPolao oH THI M .. ".AuGUST' ... : \V!,a, .hall ...... y.bo .. ,d .. judgrn.n.pronouacec! again .. ,h. man! Are w. pcrhap othink tha, u.erich,for .. homth.nc .. iticsoflifecom. .uily.ndwhodonolLaboron,hc .. nh.hn. .",ap.d Ihi' pua i.hmen.! h ""y.:Th. carth .. ill bcc .. BCdfo.you in all yourworlu.and YOUlhlllca,fromnino.adne .. andgroaniag all .h. day. of your life. h will brong forth ,hor", and u.i.du for you. and you will ca, .b.guin of your 6.ld. In ,hc.w ... of your brow you will ca. yourbrud un.il you return .o . he earth from which you .... re takcn.fo. you Ire carth, andyou will rurn'0 th, .. nh.- Itilcc""lnJydurtha,noone .. cap.' thilunrcncc. For anyon. born in thtl lif. 1.1. difficultyiadac"".ring.h ..... ,hbcc ...... of th.corruptibl.bodr.Foru Solornon say "Th.bodrha,i.<orrupt.d .. eigh,downth. Klul.andthecatthl)habnation p ...... down ,h. m'nd.h .. t,hink.manythough ..... Th .., arc th. laboroand KlrrOWI ,h .. man 1.1. from th ... nh.Th.thom.lnd,hi .. I ..... th. prickIng. of,onu,0u<q .. u1ion. or.hougbu conccrn.c!withp,ovidi ngfor.hi,life.Two BOOKS 0 .. GII"UIS AG ... NST THI M .. ,, 'CH .. I .. N$")O.)o.' T HII PHn ' C"LAsPlCTOFTHIIPUN' SH' MI N' OF M ....... 5"",< man had .h"wnsrca,dilobcdi. ncc.Godc .... h,mfonh from hi. life in paradiu. God c .. rl>cd min'. Ip"nformcfu.urc.lO.b"hemtgh:no,l.ap far,h., 'wn. H. cond.mn.d inm to . life 0: 'ci.,.-...<*<I .. ""I;.J'J. .. C .. "" <WI1.a::.'FC '1>1."15. 'FCM, '15 toilandbbor pcakinglohiminlOm uch fuhion at and l ecudt)' Ihlt we .. youu in abundanco led you to mil grtl. di.oNdien,e. They mad. you fo.get my (om' mandmenu. You hid nOlhing to do. ThaI I.d you tOlhink Ihoughu 100 blughty fo. your o ... nnllu ....... Th ror . [(ond.mnyoulo toilandbbor.lOlhal whil'lillinglheearm. you may n.e,fo'gel yourdi,oNdi.nco Ind th.vil.n ... ofyournatu : S .. PTt S .... L 1 .. sT .. uCTtON'4S," ST ... OLl S .. Of TMBTHO .. ". T ... TulU .. N: Towha, kind ofl crown. I Ilk you. did Ch. iItJuus.ubmi,forlhelahationo(bo,h luu! H.",hoil,h.headof manand,h. gloty of woman Ind ,he hu.baodof,he (hu.ch-wha, kind of crown! It wal mlde from thornl and thiltlu. They llood 11 a .ymbolofthe. inllhalthelOiloflheflub b,ough,for,hfo.ulbu,tha"b.poweto( , h.cro .... mo.d.blun.ing.v .. )".tlnSo( du,h "need ... hud o(,h. Lord bor. iu
mind.d.lloofth.uornfv.l.bu . th.degra dat,onlnd th. "il.n .... of hi. C.llel ,orm.n '0'"O" THEC .. OWl< 14.]. " Mu .. "." O. THB Cvaul. Ikholdth.reminde .. oflh.cu.u:thornlit willl>nng fofth. h''''Y'. lnd ,h;.des 10 I. '0 Il'. nU 10 PUt llbo. and dil.comfo ... lnd [ ,,ill.nlun' you pUI ,h. "'hol.'im .... "h plin 10 tha. ,hil ma)" pro on you'g.ni ngidelllboveyou.lu.ion.andy"" may inllead havo a Iho"gh,loyou, own .. n""u,o""d.ce,vedin thes.ma"e". "YOll are .. , ea,oflhegrallofthe field. In ,h we., of your b"""mal' you elt your b .. Id.:Seeho"lft.rhildilOb.di.nc ..... ry_ thingi.impo..,donhiminanoppo"".wa)".o
youin,o.hc world. h. is aaying. wutha'r"u ,houldliveyourlif.withou,!""inor.oil,diffi cultyorlw .... and.h .. yoll,hould""'na "ate ofenJ"ym.nt Ind p'OlPf'''ty.lnd nor"" , ubjcc. 10 Ihcnudsofmcbod,' bu, ""f. f.omal1.lIchlndh .... th.goodfortune,o upc.ienecc"mplete freedom. Since. howeer, l uchindulgcnc.wuofnobenefi lloyoc. occord",glylcllrlelh.g.oundlothll"",m no.infv.turc y,c1d,uh ... "estuNfo wilh- oU'lilhngandplO<lghing.ln,,,"dl,nvcstyou .... ithgrcatlabo . oilanddifficul,y.andwi'h unrcmi"ingpainanddupai'.l ndl.m.n.ur , ing,h.,e .. cry,hingyoudo iloch,evcdonl)'b)" Iwca, "o.hltund.rp .... urcf.om,h.seyou mo)"h>vcconunu.algui<lance",knp,ng.o limiuand"(ogn,:,ngyou. own makcup. Ho .. ,uuON G.NU'S ' 7.4041. " .... P$.U'>O M.e .. u "" Adam was created pur. by God fo,hil.., .v" . All,helec.utu'ClweregwOH to him 10 Ie.v. h'm. He wu dunned 10 "" Ih. 10.dandkingofallerea,urc.,Su,whcn.he ev;l ... ordClme,ohimlndeoncr..,d .. ;th him. h. firlt rec.iv.di"hrough Inuternal hu,ing.Thcn"p<nctrat.dinloni,he"rtan': ,ookchlrgeorh; .... """en n.w .. ,hu.cap.u,cd.crea.ion .... h,chm'n ...... dand ""cdh,m . .. ucapru .. dwlfhh,m.F,FTT Sp,a"uu HO .. ,L,BS II.S." -"(;\\' 11_1. ,"" "PMfSH,! ODORSTopCn: 6 ausc rhc devil w .. envi ou ndthewom.nw .. gullible,hum.nkind w imm.di."'lyca .. ou,ofp.r.disc.h .... u made .o walk .he ve.y ear.h from which Adam hadju .. been neated. inheriting.wea., toil .nd hardlabo . Alongwi.h Adam,thc c.cth . nd all living.hingsthat followed wer ub jc".dtoevil,beingr "ain.dlike .horsc that i. bridl.d. Fot.inc. Adam did not use
an ag. whkh wa. fr.e from .orrow and pain-hew join.d.oadvcrSi.)".Throughhis suff<ringhe migh hengetridofthedi.ease which had corn. upon him in th. midst ofpa. adis . 6y puni.hing uS with duth,.he l.wgivcr
ver)" punishment h. abo d.mon ..... ed hi. ... h .ogether when he gave the b,,', placing th inn.r und.r puni.hmentofdeath.Andye.he ordcred thing,in . uch a wa)" that the puni.hm.nt mign.ini .. elfs.rv.th'f:0alof .. h ion.For d hb.ing.abou".para.;onfrom.hislif. .ndbringsevilwork<.oanend.ltS.t$u.f ... f.om labor , sw and pain. and cnd. the . uf- fcringofthc bodr.Thu. the Judg. mix hi. lov.fo.uswithpuni,hmcnt.ONTHBINC"" NATtON OF THI loRD 6., ." Gon DOHS NOT l .. poSB O ... T H 0" An .... .. "n EVE. A .. uou: Still anothcr problem ari .... From wh ourctdiddca,h tOm. TO Adam! Was it from ,he nature ofa trec of thi o" ora"ually f,om God,' Ifwc aacribc thi . tothcnatureofthe tr .. ,th.nthefrui.of thi . " ..... rn, to b uperio.o.h. "h'if)"lng pow",ofth:bre .. hofGod."n:ci .. f,ui. would iJave drown in.o cicath. ,oil. him on whom the d,vine breath had b."owed lif . l f wem.inuinth.:Gocii , the re.ponsibl, cauleofd.ath,th.n we can be beld.oaccuse him of incon.iSlen')'. Wc SUrn'O ,le"". him ofbcing 00 d"void ofbencficcncc as to be unwil1ing to pardon when he had the power to do 0<, or ofb.ing power!u. ifhe wu unabl. to forgi "e. Lc. us . th.rcfor . how thil 'lu.st ion can be rcsolved. Thc.olu.ion, unle .. lammistaken,liesinthefa"rhat $inc.di.ob.di.nc . .... asth.cau ofdcath. for.hat v.ry r.Uon no. God bu. man him .elfwu ,h.'gen' ofhi,own death. If,fo, cxarnpl.,.physicianwero,op cribe.o. p.ticnt what h. thought Ihould b. avoided, .ndifthepa.i.n.felt.ha.theuprohibitions w",eunn<cu.a'j",th.phYlieian i. not .espon.ibl.for thcpati.nt'.de.th.Surclrin th.,c eth.pa.ienti.guiltyofcausinghi$ o .... ndea.h. Hen .. God as. good phyoici.n forbade Adam to ea. wh would beinjuriou$ to him. P .. RAO ... ?JS. " HUM .. N FUSH DOBS NOT P u"s" Co .. inoe.di.con.id eredb)"th.uncducated.ndbyunbeli.v .... o p.ti.h .ocompl.telyaf rd .... ,h,ha.no.hing wha ".rofiu .ub"anceis left. W.,how.v ... who believe in its re.urr.ction. kno",that death onl)"Clu .... <hange in i. and that i .. oub .. an .. ccttainlyp."i.t>andi,reotored.o life again at a d.finite time by th. w;ll ofits Crutor and on .. mor.undergoe. a ttan.for muion.\Vh .. ",asa.firstflesh, f,omth earth,.m.nofdust;' and",a.thendissol".d tnroughdea.handagainm.dedu ... nd .. he.-for"dustyou.r.;i.i . written,".nd un.odu".hallyoureturn"_i,rai dag.in from .h. utth. Afterward., as the merit> of .i>:indwellingooullhalld.man.:, th.perlOn t , I .dv.ncurotbcgloryof.api.iru.lbody." Ot< F,UTP"'t<CIPLIIJ.6.S U CH .... T R UU ..... CT' TH .. T WHI CH H .. " GON. INTODu' T.O"GIH:Scriprunl.YO. Aconlec.u.dlincn.llnic w il!bepu,on: " Think of flax tbrCold , ... , comu from ,"e ....... lm.gin.' ... " ... nu ... rcadbc.::omel. u nc,ifiedlin.n'unic'h .. C .. risr ....... II. highpri .... pu .. on w .. enh ... k .. llp.h. n llr. o.n .. rt"ly body. Remember."""" ... Ki.boul.h.bocIy.hal"", ... rth.nd" ... m go In'o.he .... h:Thcreo ... myLo.d.nd S.v;ot.wanring.or.'urrc.::"h ..... hi ' .. had goncin,or".carth.took.nearthlrbodl', ... t he might carryi,r.i d upfrom .... h 10 h.aven.Andlhc u .... ioninlhel .... th thc higbpr;elli .cl"th.d"",ith.li ntntunir,,,n uin.th,.mr .. ery.Bu h .. i,.ddcd"co ..... crarcdmu .. no,bch ... duIUpc.f1uolU.For .h,".unic,h .. wu ,he f1uh or Ch.ill "u con cr ... d:ror; ...... .. oteoncclv.df.om .h.sccdormanbu.begc"tenorrh.H"ly Sp;ri .. HO"'LIBSO" 3:2021 GOD CLOTHES ADAM AND EVE WITH GARMENTS OF SKIN rh. ull.J !,i. ",if" ..am. be.' bUA .. .b. rb. morhrr of l' And rh. Loan God mild. for Ad"m And for hi. "'if, gArmenfl of ,kin,. ond clolhed rh.",. OV'. V"W: Th.nh.o ,h. knowledg. ",i . h whIch Ad.m "U .ndow.d by GocI . h. wlI
,hen.o Ev. (E .. u ..... ). Ev . . .. ho ,nlu.tcd tr.n.grcu ion .... ucaJl.dLifcbcca" h. wa.giv.nr ?On.ibiliryforthe.uccu.iono ,ho ",hoc.me.oblf,h (CU5HIi .. ,o,ALU ... ,." .... ). Th. .. of .kin by Go<!. and no anImal ... u killed 11: .h. p ... encc of Adam and pro vid.,hemwi.hclo.h .. (EpHRIi .. ).Ad.man': E".wu .... ..
T .... ). The .. gum en .. of ok,n an a .ymbol of of hi kinandofh"f illJwhichcamcfrom .heeorrupt ionof,hefl h(O .. Hll".GIUGO"Y I OF NuSA) . A DAM EPH ..... TIUS" .. ,A": Wilhlhalmanifulknowledg. which God gave ro Adam. whcreby he gave nam ... o Eve .nd,olh.,,, imol., Goddid ,,0, reveal ,h. di"'ovcriu of'hing"ha,wercconccaled: bu"n,hec ... e of,ha,hidd.nknowledv- from,hc oudownw d, Adomw oblc.op .. n ... .nquiry,n.oali Ihll ll w"h,n.hi.univ ..... HYMI<SO" P" ..... ols',.. ' 6.' EVI b C"LLIO 1,. ' 0$. CL''''I<T OF ALU .,;. 0 .. ''': Th. woman who ;n;!lII.d lran.gru.ion w ... call.dUfe:bccalU he ...... ""pon.ibl. fO.lh .... cc ... .... l>ocam obirrh and "nn.d. Sh. Ih ... became mOlhcroflh. righ .. o .... ndunrightco .... lik . Elchon.of .... how. h,m.clf.obej ... torwillf .. ll)'r.n. d. uhi m. elfdi.obedi.n<.ST." .. n.,sJ.6s.,' 3,21 God C'or'm ... . ".1 THs G ...... "Ti"FSI<, NC .... T.o . TG"o. .... ST.' .. ", W ... th.H glrmen .. from.h k,n, ofanimait!Orw.", ,be}' c",' 0,.<1 lik. ,h hi.d and.ho.n hat w.", cr. lI.d.fle<lhcoth.r workiof,r."ionhod buncompl<led'BecauHIt,, .... idlhat,he -Lord made .. and do,h.d "'.m:" Heml mOl.I;kel),lhatwhen.hcirhandlwcrcplaced over ,he"lcave. ,hcy found Ih.mKlv .. do,h.d In g"rmen .. of olun. 'Nhy would be ..... hlvobccnkmed,n.h."pruencc!Pc, hap.,h,.happt:n.<I",.h.,br,helnimlr. f1un Adorn ond Ev. migh, no"".h .h." boa,ulna.hatwi.n.h kin h.l'migh: co".r . h."nlkcdn .... b .... lso.h .. by.h. dUlh of ,h. animoh Adarn and Eve m'gh: H. "'.deathof"'eirownbo<iiu.Co ...... 'TAn O"GIMII ' S . )}.,. ' G ...... ,. T.O.S''' .. " s " PU,., . " ... MT Of P .. IDI. [Adam and Eve) .... ho w .... nrippedoflheirfifllgarrn.nl[oflnno ccncc).a ... ryedbyth.irmoruh'Yllrmcnu ofo.kin. For.h ... ue hooor of ",on 1 obc:,Ik imag. and ,h. lil .. :nu. of God "'af If p"" ICrv.donly'" <el .,on <oh,mbywhomni, imp.u .. d. H.ncc. h. cbng o Goa to m .. ch ,hemorc.",.lcn h.lovelwh., lfhllown. BUllhroughlhcaelircofproy,nghil own pow ... mln by hi. own will fall, down ,nlO himaelfa.intoo.ortof [lubsmu) eenl ... Sinc.h lh .. eforc ... ilh .... obclikcGod. hence und.r noon hc" asa punuhrncn, h. ilalaodtlve"frg"''''ecentcr.whichh.h,m .. If;l.down;ntolh.depth . h ..... ln'o tbo hing, wh in.hcb .. , .. d.hght. Thu, ,inc., h.lik.n ... ,oGodi, hi,honor.lh. likcne ... ,o,he b.u"i,hi.di'gracc.O"THt T.''''TTu.I!.,6.' Til l G ...... ,.U OF 5" ..... S .... OLOF MO .. TA. Ll TT. 0 .. ", ... : I. iI ... id ,ha, God mad hol< m; .. rabl. gannenlJ ... "h wh,.h ",.fi",rnan", .. doth.danerh.haalln"ea. '1'<>. Goa made .kin tun; .. and clothed Ad,m an<lh; l w;f.:Th .. efore . holCwcrc.unicoof oki n ukcnfromlnirnal,.Fo.w"hlucnll "' .... i.w .. n.cc"'ryfo h 'nn oM drUlOld.l, "'y".'wi'" .bn .... h"h ar. a 'ymbolof.hemo ... Jityrhath.r.cc,vcd becauHofh .. a.lunlndofimfrailly.ha, m. from.hecorrup"nnnflh.fleoh.Bul;fyou hn. be.n.I ... dy ,, ... hed from Ih.le.nd p .. rifi.<!.hrouI"M Ih. la,, of God. then Mo ... ... iUdrc youwichagarmcncofincorrupcibil-
,hal wh., i. motul may be owaUow.d up by lif ..... Ho .. 'lIuo .. 1..VITICIls6.:.'.' 0"01011 .. NO 0 1 011. G".GORY of Nnu: In me .. me .... y, when OUr n.ture bccomulubject,o,h.di quilibrium.nd ... ion.,itcneoun .. ",ho .. condi.ion h.'ncc .... rilyfollow hclifcofthep:utiOIU.Butwhcn;.rc.u,n. glln.omebl<cdncu oflnotdcrcdcmotivc lifc, .... iIl nolongcrcncountermecon.., '1u.ncc. ofcYil.Sinc.wh ... . dd.dlo hum.n naturc from Ihcirr ional life wao no, ;nul bcforchumanilyfcUin.opau;on.wc .haJl also lcavcbch",d all chc condi,;ono that Ippc.talong w;,hp.u,on.lflm.nwcaring' rlggtd runIc should bc denuded nfhilg.r- mcnc, he would nn Inngtc' ... on h,m.clflhc ug!i neunf wh., ,, ... diJcardcd. Likcwi. c whcnwc hlvcpu,nff.h., dud and ugly gat mentma,wl.nud.forul frorn;rratoonal JkilU (when I hu, , k;n.!;nIC'prct;,ulhc formofm ..... tionaln.tur.,hatw.hav.pll' onfromour:utociationwi,hdi.orderedpu . ion. j, w.,hrowoff ...,ryplno{our'rnno n"lokinllongwimthc .. mo,alo{the garm.n,.Th ..... c,h.disrupdonlofhar monythll wc hav. 'civ.d from ",h. "r .. io ""1.kin": ,,.ull intu<ou"., conccptoon . childbca .. ng. dltt , lacution, nou",hmcn . .vlc,,"IOon. gra<iualgrowch,o mllur,,) he primcoflife. oldlge.di.eu.andd .. THBSOUL .. NIlTH. REsu .... cr ' o1"<. ,& -.'1c..Io4. 'FcUI20.'PG_'-6J;:NPNF: - 3:22-24 ADAM AND EVE ARE EXILED FROM THE GA RDE N OF EDEN ll Tbtn Ibt Loan God illid. "Btbold, Ibt mlln' bQJ buomt liltt Ont of ul, .It.no .... "nd and "0 .... ltJ l lot PUI fo rlb btJ Io"nd "nd faKt IIho of 110. Irer of lif . and ea: . II ni Iwr f or HtT' - l.I lbtr.fOrt Ibe LoaD God le"1 him forl lo from IIoe garden of Edr n.' 10 lilI (in gTo,,"d from ... he Wlli /"Ktn. lO[ H. drove 0111 lb. m"n, IInd al Ibe U II lb. gartier. 0,' Eden h. placed)' lIoe cbtrllbim, IInd "jlilming J ... ord .... /lIr n. a every"''']. foguilrd I b: ... ilY IO rlo c/reroflift. LD ....... !..XX ........... ux ... _ _ ...... _ _ Iooo_ ................ _ .. ....., o, .. God h. u ,I. H.i ..... bccom. lik.on. ofu . know'ng .. ). Af .. r .n".inAdam
nave. but nc doc. no:lolC Ine kno"'led1f 0'- goodthl: he Ilrcldr had (JOHNc..U' .. N,. Ewen .hough .he .ree of which Ad.am and Eve u.l<calLed-,he"ecof.heknowkdg.ofgood Ind.vil: " gIVCI . hcmno knowLedg.(c...y. ,;osro .. ). God prevent. Adam from u.ing again of,h. tr of life, in order.ha,h. mly nol l1Ve fo.cvor (EPHU"), Adam il no. uc!udedlga;nl1hil willbu,dl<mi .. edacco.d Ing ro hI< wUJ (bH .... ). d ... wn down by ,h. ..... ,ghlofhllownliru.o.pl.ccrh .... ".cd hIm {Al>Gu"., ... j . The cherubim. whom God placulnp"rad,uulheSU"rdof.hctruof life"cprcunuthc-fullncu ofknowl.dgc: whilcthcturnlng. wo. d.ignillel .hc".emporal puni,hm.n," (AUGuST, ... j . Th. chcrubim bclongto.hchighcl1hiul.chicalo.dc. (PsI UDOO'ONVS,ul). Chru,remov.:d.h. .wordfrom Ih.en.ryrop.radtH (EPH ..... ). The flame by which the ch.rub.m bloc:kcd the cnlrym,op ld' ,luttngul<hedbyCh,il1 through the wa,e.of.hcha,h of . ebtrth (Bllo. j.Ma"yrdomi.l way!opu"hrough .hcchuubim and ,hcflaming.word.hat guard.h.accc .. ,o . hc .... oflif. (O.",)II .. j . Go" L .... ,.oo ... A" .... . .... THI Sy. I .... : God lald,-Ikhold. Ad.m hu become lihoncoful.knowinggnodlndcvil."Ev.n .h<:>ughbyuying."H.hube,omelikeoM<:>f u, : h"ymboli"Urevcal heTrin;ty,.he po,n, 11 .a.her ,hat God WIJ moc:king Adorn ,n tha, Adam had p.cvlously bc.n ,old:rou willb<comelik.God,knowtnggoodande y 'l." Nowc .. en.houghafrcrthey .... hcf,uII Ad.m .nd Ey. came ,a ;"'a .. .h .... tWO . b.for. th.)" ... the frui' ,he)" hid per. ",vcd ,n.ClIIt)' on1r g<><>d . nd '''er nUr, abau,evilonlrbrnearu,..Af ... ,hr"' howcv.r.lch.nsoc:curred.o.hllnaw,hey wouIOonl) h.u.b<:>utgoodbr r.Clu .. r 10 whe.us in.wity.hcy wouLd tas,e only uil. Forrheglorywi.hwhich.heyhadbcen clo,hed pauitd Iway from them, .... hiLe plin anddi.ulOthllhldbe. nk.pl ..... yfrom them nOw Clme.o hold ' way Over Ihem. Co ... , II><nu 0>< G.><1I5.S A" .... Do .. NOT Lo H .. KN<:>WUO". OF GOOO.JOH .. C.OSsl .... :Andh<:>w .... i1I.h.a, ... ,.m.n,of,hcl<>rd .... nd fr ... h.alnof .h. fir" mln:"B.h<:>ld. Ad.am i become lik. One ofu . knowlngg<><><l Ind evil!-For he must no"O be tltough. '0 nave been.uch befo.c.h. ain.h., he was wh<:>lLr'gnorant of good. O.herwin." mtU."oc .dmiucd .h .. h. ,,"Ucrcatedlikcani.rationalandnnnleu anim..J:andlhl''''1uite ai>urdlndf",clgn,a .hc Carh<:>llC f.i.h. No .... hcr ... ccordlng.a th. pronouncemen.of.hemo.twIKSoLomon, -God made m.n righ,:' . ha, 1. ' 0 cnJoyc<:>n. ,inually,heknowlcdg.ofgood alon . Bu he), .ough.m.ny,haugh".$orh.,. .. cr. m.d . i,,,uuid,"kn<:>"lnggood.nde.il.-Afr.r,he fall,rhercfo ,Adam conceived a knowl.dgc of c.il , wh,ch hedld no. have. But h. did no. 10lC .heknowkdgeofgood.whicbh.d,dh c. Co ........ TH .. DBV1LLI>l51 .. P.<:> .. " . .... TH .. T ..... G.vu K"<:>WL. DCB. CHkTSOSTO .. : It i. now necClury'o uy wh,.. even though man didno,.cce ethcknowl.dg.f.om,herrc . " ilc.Ucd-.herre h"giv .. ,h.knowlcdZof goodandc .. i!r fo.i.i, no:atr;n.tolcarn wh), .. ,,..huluchan.mc.lnfac.thedcvil uid."On.h.d.)"whenrou .... of,he fru"af .h .. " . v<:>u,eyc, will be opcncQ Ind you will bclikegod . knawinggood.ndevil."' H",, can you mainuin, you uk me, that it did not provide him with the knowledge of good and evillWho.aid,in fact ,thOl irprovidedhim withthi.knowledgeiThedevH,youwill n,wer.Sodoyoupu,for,,.rd.he .u.imony of the enemy.nd the con'pirarot' The d.vil .. id,"You wi!1begod.:Did.hcyrully bccomegodsiTherefore.since . heydidn<>< bccome gods. they did no. tocoivethe knowl. edge ofgood.nd evil.i.htr. For.hc devil isa harandneverspuk hetru.h.lnf'CI.he GOlpcl say . "He never "'y' in.h ... u.h:' HO"'L'ESON GENESIS 7.' GOD P IlIIVIINTS Ao .... P IlO .. E"T' '''''OF THE TIlIIII OF L' PE.EpHU" THBSYIl''''<' If Ad.mh.dtuhly.a.enfromthetrceof knowledge he w.s commanded nor.out.ho,, much f.oter would he ha .. en to thettee oflif. .bou, which h. had not becnso command.dl Bu,i,wunowdecreed.hatthey . houldliv. ;n toil. in sweat. in pains and in pangs. Therc- fore. le .. Adam and Evc . fterhavingutcn of thi, .. ct. live forever and remain;n eternal liv", of suffering, God forbade rhem.o eat. aftcrthe),wercclothedwirha,urse. th., wh;chhehadbcenprep.redtogive.h.m ... forethejin,urred ,h.cu .... ndwh.n.he)' we .... illclothdwi.hglorrCo .. MEt<T .. Il, Ot<GB ... U,S:J5.'" 3:23 God Ad"", Evefrom tb. G"rden GOD B ..... ,S .. IIDAD .... "IlOMTHBG" 'DIt<_ EPHREMTHESVRlAt<: When Adam ,'nned God CUt him forth from paradise. but in hi. graoo he gramed him ,he Iow ground beyond i: .<tthnghiminthe ... ller JO belowrhefoo<hill.ofpat.dise; bu,whenm.nkindeventhereconrinued they w .. e bloned OUt . andbecau"" they were unwo"hj to bt neighbors of par ad i . God commanded the ark '0 CUt them ou, Moun. Q.rdu HVM .. S ON P ...... O'SE ,.'0.' A D .... bDIs .. ' .. 5BDFRO .. PARAD'U. AUGUST'''t,"Andlhen.le"Adamstrctch forth his h.nd fO ,he trct oflife.nd live for- ever. God dismined him from paud;se: It is .. ed:andnot"heex_ cluded:so tha,h. migh eem.o be drawn down by the ",eight ofhi. OWn 5in. to a place th., ,ui .. him. A bad man generallr uptri_ enc .. ,hi. when he begins fO livc among good men.ifh.isunwilling.ochange for theb., -
men by th. weight of hi' bad h.b,: . nd ,hey do no, exclude him ag.in .. hi. will but di.- mits him in accord.n with his wilL Two BOOKS ON GtHtS'S AGAINST T H E M .. N 3:24 Tb. Cb. rubim .. "d" Fla",;,,: Sword T HE .. NI> THE S WORD. AUGUS_ T, .. e: "Godpl.cedcnerubimand.flaming Iword that mov .. "-thi. could b aid inthe oneword",,,,,.bl.-",oguatdtncwarto.h. , ... of lif.: Thol. who tr.n.latc ,h. Heb .. ", word. in Scr;p,ur<uy tha, "cherubim" m n. in Lar;n ",he full nu. ofknowl.dg.: Th. f).m- lng.mo,able.wordm.an. temporalpunisb_ men ... becausc.im<smoveinth." : on,,nua. 'JnbM. 'PG;.oO;'O.'K91:1!:. 'HOPI) uri.r).lriscall.dflamingb.caus ver l ib. ulationbUTnssomehoworolh.r.Buriti , one thing to be bu,ned un,il ron.um.d.anoth.rto b. bu,ned until purifi.d. Two SOOKS ON GBNUtsAG .. tNSTTfuMuIICH .. It .. NS
TH" POSITION THE CHIIIlU"'M IN TH" PuuOODtONY S' U" The name mean. "fullnc .. of kn"wlcdg." or' "utpouring of wisdom: Thi' fint of the hi .rarchi (indudingu,aphim and chcrubim} is hiera"hically ",dered by 'ruly supcrio,bcings. for this hicra"hypo,' ...... lh. hi gh.st",d.r.sGod.imm.d;a .. ncighbor.b. ingground.ddir.,tly around God and rccciving Ih. primal Ih.ophani.sand p"rfeCtions.Henc< thedurriptioni.carri.r Ofwarmlh" for,h.se<aphim.and.h it!ei. ou,polIringof"'isdom"forlh.ch.rubim Th ... n. m .. indic .... hd, .similarity.o what Godi .... Th. n.m.,hr,.,.&,"'.ignifi ... h. powe<lo kno ... and,o ... God . orcc.iv.'h. gr.al.stgifu"fhi.lighl. ,ocont<mplatc.hc divin.,pl. ndori npr imor<i ialpow.r,.ob.c fillcdwith,hcgif"lha.b,ingwi.d"mand.o .h.rc.hcscg.nCTouslywi,h.ubordin ... ,ua part of'hc b.n<ficcn,outpolIring"fwisdom.
CHR.ST HAS R" MOVBD TH" SWORD. EPHRB'" Bl .... di.h. who "'as pie".d and so rcm"v.d ,he sword fromrh.enrrr,oparadis . ...... 2.,. " C" "'ST H.<$ ErT',,"<)V'SHIID lTSFL .... BaDE: .",,,,d A<i.rn .. Chri ... poin" ou"ha. throlIgh ,hc ",atcr of ,he b",h of rebirth, fliduing flamr -by which .h. cherubim guardian blochd the enlrr intopa,' Idi.c wh.n ,h. firs, Adam wa xpeUed-
outwi.hhi.wif . havingbc.nconqlIeredby hi n.m) . h.rc rh.orhet might rcturn with hi polIJI1amcly h.chur<hof,h .... ints ), uaconqlIeroroverhi n. mrHo""UISON
MAaTTIlDoMA5A WuTHJl OV<)KTHI CKBa".'M AND THIISWOllO. OR'<)EN ThroughOlIt martyrdomJuus is wi.h rou 10 .howyouth. ","y. othcpa,adi ofGodand how you may p ... throughth. cherubim and th. fl aming.word.ha, tu,ns.vcr) w.y and guard,th. war 10 th. tree of life. For both. evenif ,hcrguard th.warl opaulhrough", .he.,eeoflif . gua.ditJO,ha,nooneunwo. 'hr mar lurn ,hat way I" pas. th.olIgh toth. ,rc."flife. Th. flaming sw"rd will h"ld fasl Iho ,.,h"havebuilllIponthefoundotion rha,i. laid.Je.u.Chrin. withwood.haror . tta .... mar call;, th , which cI"hufirc very euilr and burn, all .he more. BUllh.chcrubimwillrcceive Iho.e whobr naturc u nno,b.hcldbr ,h. fl.ming.word.becalIle ther hlv.bui!t with no.hinglhat cancarchfir . Th.ywiUescot! ,hcm.o.hetrecof lift.: and.o all.hetre God plan,.d in ,h. us. a"d made.ogro,, ou, of .h.ground.ExHoo.TATtO,,"TOM ... Tyo.OOM )6. " "FCS.,llI "PSV'6' -61' . uHOPU. ' HQGh"6.11 "OOW6;"'- 4:}7 CAIN AND ABEL BRI N G OFFERINGS TO T HE LORD ' Now Ad"m knew Eve his wife, and ,he (onrtived and bor< C"i". '''yi''g.' h"ve gOlw,! ma" with Ih. help of the Lon>. 'A"d "g"i". ,h. Itore his brorher Ab.1. NOli' Altt! was" h epe. of ,hup. "nd Cain " tiller of Ihe ground. " n Ihe (ourse of rim. Cain brought 10 Ih. LORD a" offering of the fruit of the ground, .,nd Abd of rh. jirsrli"gs of his flock ""d of their fa, portions. A"d the LORD h"d regard for Abd "lid his offering, ' but for C"i" ""d his offering h. h"d no regard. So Cai" was very ""gry, ""d his COIlIlItIl"n" fdL ' The said ID Cai". 'My are yOIl a"gry. a"d why has yowr counun"na fall e,,! ' If JOII do wdl, wil! JOII liar b. ""'pud! And if JOII do 1101 do wrll. ,in is couching at tb. door; ifS d.,jrrisfaryall. mll,rmaSferir. " Chrysoslom Iha< Ih.r.wuno<alkinScrip,ureofcoim.unfil af'er ,h. bani.hmen, from p .. adi . Augu. ,in. argu in principlr for sufficicn, g,acr for honorable nuptial union c".n in pa",dise ( .,. G.n 1:28). Th. bil'th of Cam is . consequ.nce ofAdam',fall, which I.d him 1o la his spiri tual wisdom and ' 0 a worldl)' knowl edge (SVMBO>< THE NEW THEOLO<aA,. j. The name Cain munsown.rship." Abd. the sec ond chi ld.sened as ,he fi", symbol of,h C;,),ofGodofthos.deSfined penecurio" s onurrh (AIJGIJST'NEj. SaCTificeis anancien,cu",om,ha,dates from 'he agr cfAdam.but God does no, n d .. crific .. (AuGIJSTINBj. Abel .. .. disc.rning in hi. choic< ofofforing . wher.u Cain showed no such dilcernment ( EPHUMj. God doesno,con. iderCain. offeTing.l>ecauseh. kno"'s ilia: ni , heu:" wick.d Cain'. COUnl.nanCe r.l1 when hi. offering " ... r.j ,.d.nd hi s broth.r'. ,.. acc.pt.d (CHR" SOSToMj. The first sin of C.in i nvy fo, nlJ; brother Abel. Cain God', ,odobetterwilhanewoffering (CHIU''-OS' TOM. EPH""M). 4,1 2 Tbt Birth. ofC"in "nd A&d AOAM K .. .. E .. CHUSOSTO"': After hIS di. obediencr. af'er loss of Ihe garden. ,h.n .. e hadiub'ginning.You .e . bdor.,heird ... obedience ,he)' followed 0 life likr ,h.t of angel . and th. "' "0' coUrs . HOMIL1I!SONGENU'S . 8 . : : le CA'N \ V .... CoNC."." BIJC .. us lI AOA'" T"""'BD HIS Lov. '1"0 V[SI.I. . SYMEOO< NI'" T HloWC1AN: Since Ado", had been blind.d in rh. efes ofh" ,oul and had fallen fTom thr lif. imperi.habk he b.gar. . H':u,n.<!, h. yi,;onofbi ,cye. on .. isibloobj.c .. with.ffcc. 'IOn.,cdeain.nd"knewE ... hi. wifc. and.h. concclvcdandbo.cC.in."Suehknowlcdri, in ruli.yignor.n<eofallgoodn .... for had h. nOt fit$' fallen from th. knowlcdg.and con ,.mpla,ion of God h. would no,h .... bc.n brought down.o.hi.knowlcdgc. 0'5' (OUUU ' S.': M ..... "NG N ..... C .. , "'. AUGUfn ... : No.ctha"hcn.m.c..inmuRI"own ... hip: wh,chnpl.u'lwh""asnid.,,he,im.of h"btrlh brhi , f .. h.rormo,hcr:1 ha ... come ,n.oposs.slionofamanth.oug:hGod:C'TY O.GOD'p;. ' AnL Sn ouzu Tlt E CITY OF GOD. AUGUST'NE' Cai n was followcd br Abel. who "U kill.d by hi,bro,h nd Hr .. cd as th. r.m proph ... c Iymbol of the C"yofGod.H. wulik nali.nonu.th,4 .. incdto,uffc. .. ccudon' at ,hch.nd.ofth.wickcd ",cnwhocanp.ope.lybccaUednattv of urth ,h.y ,hLS world u th ... .h,wo.ldly f.hci:y<>fthe .. GOD 01,111 NOT NUl> S .. u . ,,;u. TIS": [The p.gan< la)', "Th.Ch""ian,]cen ,.,re h .... ttml. ,nccnseand the r .. ,.wh,ch ... u,.d in tcm pl.worship,r.tth ...... e .. nmonicsof,ac .ificc werco"ll,natcdby.h.mHj"",o.by '''cgodri,.)'"",roh,p.,np"mLttvc"m ... wnen8od,,a,a .. umcd.c necdthciroR' .. ,ng' of first fr u, .. :Thi'<jU"l,ion i,evidcnrlr d.C1".<!f.om,ha'p .... Ina, ,dl, of Ca,n 10 God
ling.ofhilfloclu. Weans....,rthu,hecon. cI.";on'obcduwnfromi'i',h ..... crifini, a .. eryancientcunom,bceaulCourtrucand ne,.dBook, wa,nu" h .. iti'RO ... ,bc offered ncept,olheonctrueGod.Bul God doel Ro,needncrificu.ui. mOltdearly in .h. ume ... cr.d BookA,"[ u id .o.h.lo.d,.houartmyGod.{o"houhan non dofmygood.:' becauu,naccep"ng or rdluingo.rcc.iy,ng.hcm ho .. lool .. ng only to man'. good. God dou no. ci<t,vc.ny bencfi. from our worohip. but wc do. lIT' TlU'02.,.' AnLCHoOUI Hu Of'III, NO' WITH C ..... E.H .. MTH.SYI .. AN'Abtl,, ver) di"crninginhi, choic.ofoff."nll,wherca, C.in,ho ... dnoluchdi .. c.nmcn . Abcl and off.nd .h. cho,,,,, .. ofbisnn. bo,n.ndofhi , f.,on . whil.C.in.i,h. , off.,.dyounggr.in.o.c .... 'nfrui .. ,ha' ... founda,th.",me.im.uth.yo"ngll,nl. E .. cnifhLSoffc.ingh.dbten.mallerlhan.hat ofhtsbro,her.i,wo.,ldhavcbccn acccpt abl .... heofferingofhi.bro,he . h.dh.not b.o .. gh'i'wi.h,uchcar.I ... n .... Tb.)mad hcir offering, ahernatclr' on. offered a l.",b ofhi,fl",k,.h.o.hcr,hcfrutt,of .h.carth.
fo.,hcr.ro,off."ng.harh.off cd.God .d" ... dtoaccepltt,nordc OIUchC.>nho.' hc .. .. tom.k noff.ring. CO .... I"'T .. GaNlSlS GOD KHows TH .. T C ... N', H .... T is W. c; ".o. O"'GI",:ln.he,a .. ofCarnh" 'st."TD"}' 'fC,.,.U. "FC,_-. "',U'FC lU,. .... 'F(:'l:l14 " i 1 1 1 1 w;ckcdnu,didnotb,ginwbcn"ckillcdhi, brothcr.ForcycnbcforethatGod,whoknow, thc"un,hadno rcgard for Cain and hi.uc- .ifkc. Bu,hi.bucnu. was made cvidcn, w"cn"ckilledAbcI.ONP""Tuallola.' C .... ,& COU'!1 ... A .. CI FaLL.C ... .. nO$To .. , n Wc" ,wo uon. for hi nnoyance: nO'J\lJ hat".,alonehadbccn,.j.c dbu, al"".ha,h"b.-o,hu'gifthadbccnacc'p,cd. HO."UuoNGH .... ".a.lI.' C .. . .. .ANGBI..E.H ..... T .. . SV .. ' ..... :Ca'n ,,uang' rbcca\lJc,h.offumgofhi,bro.hc, had bun accep .. d. Ca,n becamc.ngry on accoun,of,he r.rc ,ha, had com. down and dildnzu"hcdbcrwccn rheoffe.ingl.H" fau bccamcgloomybccauKlhcrcwul.ughlcrin .hceyc,of hupa .. n .. and hill, .. crswh.n hi. off .. ing ...... '.j.ct.d.n.y had oc.n that C.in.offcnnghadb-ttplaccd ,n.hcmido.or th.r.rc,ndy.tth.r. .. didnot.ouch".COM' .. iNT .... TONG ... UIS).}.) ... if You Do WILL, W, u You NOT BI Acc .,TaolCHUSOSTO":God "".hel10 def .. sc.hc .... ildfr.n%yandrcmov.thc.ngcr brmun.ofhi.word . Yo ......... ob ... v.d tb.uagc.ofC.in hinkingand,co.lludth. ""ag.ryofb"dcadlymten"on;",,h.,n.cnd. a hil urly .. ag olcdatchi hinkingand br;ngrepo.c,oh"mJRdbypl.cmg hi. bro.h.,.ubJeClloh,mandno ... nd .. m,n,ng h" ... ,ho",).Bu,.v.nd.'p" uchg,ca,con ccrnand ... chpo,cn.rcm.di . Caingaincd no.hingf. omth.""'pcr'.ncc,S ... h ...... ,h. dcg ... ofdiffc,c"uin.h",arritud and.h. ucu. of cvil ,nlcn . HOM'L1U 0" G ... u,s ,8.1 . " C .. I .. Ruu.u TO M .. " ... BIITTU, 0 - ,"G. EPH"." T .... SV .. l .... 'Godnid.oCain. Whyu.yo ... ngry.andwh),i.yourfa
youought.obcfiUedwithdmrc ... ln .. udo{ yo .. rfoceb.inllgloomy, lrl ough,.ob. no,""ngfromyoureyc . lfyoudowcll.I ... ;U acccp.".No.lCc.hcntha''' ....... no,bc .... ... ofthc.mallllz.ofCainloff .. ingth " ... .. TCj .... d.ltwaono,aeptedbccauseofh" .p".r .. lnc ... ndh"lackoflloodwilJ.lfyou dowcll,I .... iIlacc.p.i':.vcn,houghld,dno: ""CP' "bcfo,< ndi.wil1b<ac,"p.cd.long with the cho " off.,;ngofyo", b.oth.r.ven .ho .. ghi'wuno.acp,cdbcfo ... Butifyou dono,dowcll . in'"o","inga.,hcr. .. , doo.:Abel will I .. ,en '0 yo ... hrough hi,ob. dicn ... foth .... iIlgowi.hyou.o,h.plaln." Th ... you will bc rulcd ""c' by "n hllis. you .h.llbccomplet.lrfi tl.dwilhu . But in .. udofdo,ngwellloth hcoffcringtha. h.dbcenre,c"cdmigh,bccr.dircd.oCainu acc.p .. ble,h h.nmadclnoffenngofmu . derlo.h.tOn<lo ... homhc h.dalrcldr m de anofferingofn.glig.nc . Co ..... Et<T .. noN GI!.NUIS; .. ,.).' 4:815 CAIN KILLS HIS BROTHER ABEL ' Cain said 10 Abd "is hOI".T, "L.I us go OUI 10 I"C field .... And whcn Ihcy wtn in rh. fidd. Cain 'e>S< up ag4illll his b,Olhtr Abe!. 411.1 killed him. ' Then Iht LORD said 10 Cain, "Mrrt i, Abtfyou. b,olbt.?" H. 14id,"1 do nOI kne>w: am I my b,orbt, 's kupt.?" tbt LORD IlIid, "M41 you don.? Tht elf you. b.Ofh.r's blood il cTying 10 mt from Iht g.ownd. "Alld nOli' you aTt cu.sedfrom Iht g.ound, which has opentd ilS moul h to ,tcri"tyoll.b,orb.r', bloodf'e>m yu.h4nd. Il Menyollli/llht.tTOWlld, illhaU nolollgt. yiddloyou ilJslTtnglh:yow l"e>Ubt IIfugitiv. and 11 w4ndtrt. On l"tta,lh.""C4in laid 10 Ih. LORD, "My puni,hmtn, is gfta, than 1 (an btaf. "Btbold. thou hllll dri"tn mt Ihil day away from th. g,ound: and f Tom ,hy fact I shall be hiddtn: and I Ib,,1I b. and 4 wllnd"., 011 I"t .1I.,h, II nd W"Ot"., finds mt wiU sl4y mt." UThtn ,,,. LORD s"id fO b'm, "Nor so!' If ""J Ollt IIAJS C"in, ,",,11 ht ,,,Iltll 011 h,m And Ih. LoRD pUla C4in .lt$! Ilny who CUlt upon "im Ihould kill him. OV .... VIBWI C"n buorn., ., by hi. o .... n.vil wil! (Sn o .. 'H. NEW TH.OLOO, .... ). Th. mludo"" of Abtl un bt undo, .. ood as a prmgu.ingof.h.pau,on orJu", (s....). God '1ue"")II, C.in wilh .olici,ude rolha, rcp-ent,buICain .how. no rcp-en,anu (EPHIlDI ). Imaginu ,ha, ht mal h .. f .... m God PUSBTTU.). inn""en, blood'pill.d by Cain CTle'Ou' nO' br word. bu,bri .. Thll blood.!.o 'ymboli1u the blood of .he manr" (O-.JGIl>I). The puni.h men. impaled on Cain rc.ull God, g.eat fo,buun (CHII.TSOSTO") and fOl the mll.d .... JUUfA.LDI). Coin recelVu a mar!.: .o .hot no on. mlgh. kill h,m. Thllll 0 Indica, e.ho,.,ili.no,delt,oye<l f,om In. urth. Cain. who .nd .. Jna"e .. 'Od .. .0.nre' (A .... ou). C.in, like "'open . i. from .. ). 4:8C.iIlKiluAbtl WlLL.ST .. EO .. THRN .... THIO
Wu" no. by hlleyil willl H. prrre"ed h,m .elf 10 hi. Cru.o. and afr .. nil .hough"and ,obocam,.b.ndone<l,o env)' ondcommit.edmurd ... DlscOUISS4.'. ' Ho .. 'HO K,LLING A .. P .. u IGu.n THI PUSlON 0' CHIUST. BIOI: Ihe Cain u offai.h .... ekilhngofAbtluthcpauloOnofthe Lo,d and $.av,o,.and"'. ur.h Iha, "P"ned " mou.h and Aber. blood from C,in, hand u .he church (which receiv.d. in ,ht mystery of ill renewal, ,h. blood ofCh.u, poure<!ou.by,be.lc_). Undoub,.d1y,hox whohavtthllundtn.andinsfi ndwne.rurned in. owint,fo"h'yhav.a mo .. uc .. dundcr .. andingof.h ..... yingof,heucr.d Law. Ho ..
4:9- 10 AIo.I ', BI""d Criosfro," rh Gro .. "d GOoG,vIIC .. , .. THI Pon' I TLlTT TO RIPB .. T. E,.HI.I .. TH,Sy ...... ,Godappea .. d .0 Cain wi,h kindn .... 00 ,ha,ifh. r.p.n .. d. h in o{mu.d" Ih., hi . I'l ng ... had commi, ,.dmigh,bedTadby,hecompunctionon hll Lip . lfhcdid not pcn',h ....... vct h .., wouLdbcd"..,.donh,mabi"trpuni.hmtn, In proponionmhi.eviL foUr,CO",,,,, .. TAU ONGINU,,}.6.,.' C .. , NR ".II TO R . .... Y.E.HI.I .. YH. SU.'41'"Bu.C.inwuI'lU.dwi,hwra,h instead of compuncllon. To him who know. all.whoukcdhimai>ou,hi.b.othct , no.d., . owlnh,mhack.ulntuo .. cdangrilrand uid."l do nOl know. am I myb.oth .... kc.pc.! ... VJhu.h.n would you"y. Cain' ShouldJumcetak. v.ngun fo. ,h. bLood .ba.crl.do".toitfO.no.!Didi.no,ddayoo tha'youmigh.rcpcn.!DidJlIl.iccnotd,, ,anccillelffromiuownknowl.dg nduk yo" ... ifitdidno.kno..Joth"youmlgh, confoul\Vha ....... id 10 you did no. plca .. YOu"oyoll came", Ih 'in 10 which it had wamed yOIl bcfo.,hand nOt tocome.Co .. - "BNT .. uON GINlSIS).6,':).7.1.' C .. , .. THI .. '" H. M .. T CO" ... H .. C ..... , . SAL"'''''' YHI PRunflR: Cain wu al oner Th.mo""lCkcdandfoolllhof m.nlnb.liev. Inj:(ha:fo.commi",nj;,hcg.u.eJ.of,rome. ;twouldb-c . ufficientifh. avoid.do.h .. human wilnouto. ln f ... God was .h. pit . mary wi.n"".o hIS f .... ri(ide. Be(au .. of Th ... l.hink heThenlha.ed.beop,nionhcldby m.ny.od.): .h.,God p.y' no .... nllon.o canhly .ffair., nei,hdo<:, h. &c by wicked men. Th ... is no doubt ,hat CaIn ..,h.nsllmmoncdhyth.wo.dofGodaf,.,h .. mi . d"d,.nsweTed.ha.h.kn,,,nothingo( hi.b,otheT.murdcr. Hebel ,u.dGod wu.o ,gnoran.ofwha.hadbcendone.h bo: .hough hlt mOI.dudly(nme (ollldbccoy' ... dbya lt c.8u,,,.urn.dou.othorwi .. lhan h hough,. WhM God cond.mn.d him, h u:al,ud.ha, God .... hom h hough,had no, lun hi. 'rome of mllTder. had ... n h.m. Go", ... N""'CI Of GOII ,.6. ' I", .. OC . .. T BLOOD C., u OUT .T IT, V.u E ... TRNC M .. x, .. us Of T"R'N: d,vIn. Scrip.u",alway.critJou.and'pc.ko;h.n Godalso.ay oC.in."Th.voic.ofytlu. bro.hcr. blood (tie. 011' 10 m . " Blood. ,obc 'IITC.hasnovo .. e,hu',nnoc.n,blood.ha,hu bc.n.pill.d ..... id,o cl"}ou'no,brwo.d.bu: by;tlVCfrX;."ncc,lhmah.jd.mand, of (h. Lord no, w;,hcloquen,dil-Cou ... bu, wi.h angerowcr.h.cTlmecomml".d.ltdoc.no, a",u .. . h. "'rongdoc,w"h word .... m"ch a. bind him by Ih ccusat ion o(h,.own con Ki.ncc. Th. evil deed may ,eem .0 b. nOll,ed wh.ni'lSnplainedu,ar wl,hwords.8111' : canno,bcncul.dif""madep", .. n:lo.ne conKi.nce.Forln.ilenccandwLthou. con .. a. di ctlon.ht ... rongdocr,conJ(ienc h.-.y' convict. and Judge. him. SIl"'-ONS U . ' 'HOC,:,)o.oc. 'FC',: , Zt. 'Fe,),)::- 'FeU'! .... 0\ - THE A.IlL Sn'"OU:I; Il D T U II BLOOD Of TUBMAIlTU;S. O M.Cil<:We.l.o know .hat wha, 10.'" said of Abe!. when he wao .L.inbyth.widt.dmu,d .... (ain. i ui .. bL. for.nwhoo<:bLoodh .. b n.hcdwkkedL). Let Il, . uppos ha. t h. ver .. "Thevoia of yourbrothe"i bLo<>discrying.om.&om , nt ground" i, .. idaswcllforuchofthema .. yrS. ,h. voice ofwno .. bLood cri ",God from ,h. g.ound. EXHORTATtON ToMART ..... DO .. so.' GOpSSOLl CITUDB f O .. C. ... "'.CHRYSOS TO",: The punishm.nt "r which G"d .pokt .e.m. '0 be ex .. iveLy harsh.bll,rightl) und .. """di'gin. u gLimpseofhi.grcat solici.ud . God wanted m.nof Later ,im .. '0 ..,erd eLfcon<roL. Ther.fore,h. de,igned .h. kind ofpuni.nment th was capable of ettingCainf ef.omhi in.lfGodh.d immediateL), d.stroyed him. Catn would h.v. diuppead,hi in ... "uldhav .... y.dcon c l.d.and he would h.ve m.ined unknown to men oflater.im .. , But a. it i.,God le, him liv. along.imtwi,hth.,bodilytremorofhi,. Th'.igh,ofCain'. p.Jsiedlimb. ,, I ... on for all he met. It.erved '0 ,uch all m.n and exhott th.m never to d.re do wh .. hthad done . o ,h ... hey might not ouffer theum. puni,hmen" And Cain himselfbeume a bet te.man.g.in. Hi,,,embling. hi. f .. ,. the menul,o,men,.h., never left him,hi' phy, i. c .. lpa,aly.i . k.p'him, a.it were h.ckled. They kep,himf.oml pingagain,o.n) o.hec lih deed of bold f"II)'. They con".ndr remind.d hIm of hi . former Ctlme. Through them he ach"v.dg,eat.t .. :lfcon,rol in hi . 50Ul. ACA''' $T jVD.'':I;,NG CH"'ST'A"S
10 G OD', S IlNTlNCIlIs L, GHT.Cnr.'LOfJU.IJS ALE .. : Do you. who hav. but La,clycom.to th.,u. chui wish ,o e ,he loving kindne .. ofGodl WouLd you "'ant tob.:hold ,he Loving kindn ... ofGodaodtheuten.ofhi. forbe ... .oc.1 Li ... n to rh. "oryofICaioJ .... Cain. the fi rJloorn man. becam frllricide. from whose wicked d igoing. fi,", st.mm.d mll, decandenvy.Y.,canlidcrni n,.nc.fo, slaying hi. b,o. h.r."Groaning and trembling .halL you be upon .he.a"h: Though the , in was g.Ut . he senrence was ligh'. CATIlCHU
T" B MA ..... OP c. ... "'. Indeed. i, w .. notwi,houtre .. on.hat.h.markw .... , upon C.in.that no one might kill him. Thll. it wa. indicat.d ,hat evil i. no. d .... oyedot removed from the e.r,h. C. in ,,.s . fnid rh .. ne migh,be kiU.d. becau he did no, know how to flee. Fo,evil i"ugmen,ed.nd .m .... d by the practic. of ,,,il,and i,ui ... wi.houtmod ... ,iono,limlt.fighu,hrough guile.nd dec.i, and i. reve.led by its deed.s .ndby,hebloodo(th.olain. evena. Cainabo w .. re.,. .. 7J9 " Ev .... S, " ..... 1s L' IU CAI N. A .. uou: Like la .. e. C.in,.c<:iv.d. mark,"dhe couldno, captd .. ,h.Thu.i.,h inn". .Iav .. ,or .. t, lav.,od .. i ... . . l ogr .. d, sl ... e", lust . l.ve '0 'in . sl .... '0 anger. Though.uch.m .. napp .... tohim.eJ((r ... h.is mo .. . . l.v.th.nifh.wtr."nd ..
'OSll' n 19, 'FCM.21l n, 'G.aHl I.XX. "FC6U OO "FC26..'97 C .. , ... You .ee . ince CaIn pcrpc<ra,ed praclicaUy me umenilu,he'""'1"'n,.whichlLlr.canllU'ru. men',""n'cd,hrduil".purpo.u.andu,he '''pcn,inlfoducrdmo"ali.)"b)"meanlof dccci . in lilr.e manner Cain deccived h .. brorncr.ledhimo",in,oopcocoLln'ry.r>,.ed hi. hand,narmed ....... "h.ga,n"himand ,,,m mined murd ... Hence, God . aid 1<> the Je rpent . C".,ed you Myond.1I the wild anImal. of the .anh:,., to Cain tOO whcn h. cnmmltted the u.rn. evil u the "'1"'nl. Ho .. IUUO ... G.NUIS'9 1I " C"'N Co ...... u Too LATa. C HU50STOM SomlOOncm.y ... )"."fkholdhehuconfuacd, .ndconfcucdwlIhgrca'p.uion"_butaU ,0 no.n.il.dur!ybclov.d:,h. confeuion (omu ,on I"". You ne. hc. ho"ldha .. e done ,hi , m. righ" ime when hewu in a po.i ,;on to find mc,'1' from ,heJ"dge.Ho.uulS ONGINU' S'9j" 4:1622 CAIN AND HIS DESCENDANTS IOTbrn C'Un ... r n' " ..... , fro m Ihr prucncr of Ih. LORD. "nd dwd, in Ih. ialld of Nod, " ral/'ofEd.n. "Cain "nr .. ' hil .... ifr. "nd lbt "nd 1>0ft Eno,h; .IId br b .. illl ClIJ' "nd {IIUtd Ihf ndmf IIf Ih, {il] IIfln lb. nlmf of hi' Ion. Eno{h. "To EnOlh .... "1 /r.O::';' and I .. d' wal Ihr fMhr. of Mr.huj".d.' "nd Mr .h .. j . d' Ih. fdlbtr of Mr lbulb,,eI ,' "nd Mtlh.Ilhae/' Ih, flllhrr of Lamuh. " Alld Lamuh loolt 1 .... 0 wwtJ; Ih, nllm, of 11" ant Wil l Adllh. "lid Ibt ""mt of Ih, Olhtr Zillah. " :Ill Aaah 1>0 .. }abll!;" h, ..... , Ibt fllher of 11,0" who dwrU III trnll ,,"d ("ll ir. ll Hil brolher ', "amr WIl } .. bl/; ht WI I Ihr farbtr of Ill! IbOl( .... pllly IJ" and pip" " JJZi!I"h" boTt TubAI'{";n; H ht was Iht fo,g .. of .11 ,nHrUm,nll ofl>rlllu.nd iron. Tbt lilt" <>fTwblll,clli"u 11111 1 OV ... VI.W' Cain .he presence of Gni .... Ile<! Nod. ",hlCh mun. .. and."nf bccaLl" ofh .. (Ant ..... "" ... ,). He (E .... IlEJOoI ) Ot'Q,u"rhancc' (c... .. E".,. 0' A ... OIl'A). ICCO that ,he)" woula no, ,n,erma.,y ... IIh ;um l: i. no, pouible.o uc.roarn .n .. C.". (E ...... uo). Tnepla< .... it h.g.,. naaweli; .f .. ,mo\<,nf,oimnc .. , aw.lI ,nfp!a<e.,tn. HI: ot .. Enochu hi.fimlon(AucU!TINI).C.in . inn.hc rr"c dry ofth ... inu; if ,n huvcn (A\>Gus, T'NI ).C.inourvivel through.eveng.n.ra tion.ofducondants(E,ou\a .. ). Thy prc Kn.thecarlhlyc;rych.litp,oplgu.d through phyoic.l binh. {Aucusm<l). After
C. .. I<L .. v .. S.c .. u .. o" H,sC., .. . . ATH .. NASlUs;Br mu n,of righ, cou, n . .. w. come;nloGod.pr .... ncc.u Mo ld,dwh.n h. Ih hick doud wh.,o God Wal. ' On.h.othc.hlnd.hYlhcptlCliccofcvila pe .. .. nc.of theLo.d.Fo. ... mpl Clin. wh.n hekiU.d hi . broth left .h.Lord'pr ... nccufarl.hiJ",illwucon ccrncd.FISTAlLETTIUI.' CA'''' ALlO L . .. vu K" . EPH UM SUI .. I<:Afl.rC.,nrccciv.dthepuni,hmen, Indthellgnh.dbc.nldd.d.oi .. . M ..... .. id.h.tc..'nwcn'awayfrom.h.pru.n .. of ,he Lord I nddwdt in.h.landofNod.cut ofEden:Clln.thc .. foro."'par ... dhim",lf fromhupa .. nu;.n.dh"k,nbcuu.uh" ...... ,hat ,h"yWDuld no,int.rmarry with h,m COMMI"TAUONGZNHS,5p,., .' Tn" N ..... Noo MLo.N. -"'''''';OU. ' NG.- Nu .. NOD. CLI.UNT O. AUI4I<DIU .. ; Th. ScriplU'" make. good ",nu:C.in kft God'l p .... Dccand Went 'oliv. in th.l.nd of Nod. oppo,ite Eden: Nod munA"dilfurbancc:
which .hctnn'gr ....,rwlSupcll.dcon"n.d in faith. Tho wi .. 11\ th.irown.ya ...... h.ppr'o ".n.fer lo.h. di .. .,rb.n< of a.ou;ng a.Th.ydrop from Ih.knowlcdgcof.h.On. who kn"",. no b,nh.o ,he ofbinh ud dum. The" op,nion,ar.con".nd),hanglng.STao .... TH .. A,.,. .. c...' ... TH.F .... E.HUMTH"Sn ....... ; Thue the Oflh.lwobroth ... h.d"patld: Cain WCDt off by hi""elf and Jived ,n the l.nd of Nod. aplacclow.rnill ,hanthltofSelh andEnoAh; but who hyedon hIgher groun.d. .,howcrecalled
E.H.U' THK Sy., ... " land of Nod i. so h ENOC;N C."N, F'.IT SON! AUGUST'N!; because i, ....... Iheland in which Cain ConJidcr nO'" the 'ut,And C.i n ... hil ..... ". in fur and .. embling. But ,h. and the conceived nd brought forth land also second 01'0' when God Enoch; and he built. d.y and call.d .h. name uid."Wh.n rou till the earth It Ih.lI nO the name ofh" ,on Enoch: It do .. 10ngerr,eld {oyocn.orrenj!tr. :CoMMI><
:u 'b'9-.JII. '''R.LL)4 'H:"<I)(l.'FCtl:U(l. 'I'C n,"l'HOl'll-C:. nI" a. all follow &om Iheu worw Ihat wc mUJ{bdicycC.in. fi,,,.on wuEnocn ... ,houghCainkn .... hi. wi{e mu"...,fu.o ncirflro.inltrc(>uuc.l'(>uha"".hcoamc upreuionUI.do{.hcfir"fa,ncr.Adam.bu, no. only in r.r enct.(>.h. concep.;on of Ca'n, ... ho .... m oh.vebc:.nh .. fi,,,born. ,ince a li . rl.la,crScr' p,ur cord . "Ad.m Ir:new hi. wift. and.h. conc.,,,.d and btough, f(>r.h"",,"ndcalledh .. nam.Suh:' C,TY oFG(>D'S.S.' C ... , .. A C,n. WH' U AUL BUILT NO .. B.AUGU5T' .. E:No,,.tti.r.cord.d(>f C .. n.h., h.b .. ih. d.)'. whi)e Abc:l, ... though h.w."'m.rell'" pilg"mon .... h.buihnon. F(>t.h ru.d'l' 0f.h intsi. inhuven. .hough he", onnt\h "produ,c. cuiuIU In whom ",,ande .. ason. pilgrim.gc.h!'Ough ttm.look.insfor lhclr:ingd(>m(>f ... rnity. \Vhcnma,dal'comcs." ... illguhcr,ogt.hcr all,houwho.m'ng'n.heirbod ..... haUh. v long wuh.hc"PTlnre.thcK,nsofE .. mi,), . hc), sh.llrClgnfottv ... ndc,,<r.C,TYOFGoo ,p.' 4:1822 r h. n ..... "d""u o/e";,, TH.S.' ... G .... aAT' O .. SOpC ... ,J<. THI SnlM;: Tha. CaIn remained ahv .,n,;].he .. venlhgencr;,,"(>n .. dear. Fi .. ' ... . tth.db n.o".crcedc(>nccrn' ns him.S.cond.lhelengthof.h.liv of.h(> ... fiutg.n.r."o .... loo,u,ificoloit.n.rifhi. fath.rAdamrcm.ined.liveundl,hen,nlh genera,i(>n h .. ofLamcch.and",uguhcred from lh. worldin.h.fifty.ix. h ycaror Lamech.it il nogre.,mingma,Coin.ho .. Jd ...,main .. nril.he ... ""n.h g.nera';on. Co .. . M.NT ... UON G.NISIS).Il.,. ,''' CA,l<. D .. c ... DANn R . . ....... TT ... EA .. THLyC, TT.AUGU5TIN., Th.,.,.,r .. n. "Me.hll.haclbcgo,L.mech. who.ooktwO ",;ve" the name of ,h. one wu Ad nd.he nameoflh.o.hcrScIl . AndAdabrough. f(>rthJobcl;who,,uthcfa.hcrof ... ch .. dwell in tcn .... ndofhcrd.m.n. H .. bro,h .... wu Jllbal. H. was .he r.ther (>r all.h,," who pby ,he puhel)' and cltura. Sell. bore Tobcl:h.,, ... h.rorgeror.lli ns'rum.n .. (>f bron%.andiron.n.lilt(f(>fTobcl .. .. N""ma." Thi .,.a.fa':lI,hthn"ofdcoct n, fromCain lsc'rricd.Thcr , igh'genetl too ... ,n .11, incl .. d,ng Adam. The .. ven.h .. Ih .. (>fLamcch . ... howaI.he h,,"lNtnd of twO w;ve. ;.he.ighthl hatofhi lchildrcn. am(>ns whom tI.he woman who il mentioned byn.me. V.'h.,IIh ... del!utcl)',n"matcd" .h."o.hcvcrycndofi .. .,.i.tcnc,,-,hc .. rth1r cil)willbc:p,opagatcdbl'phyucalblfm. pro. ,cedIng from .ht uni(>n of the Thi. i. whyw regiven.h.propcrn.m .. ofth. w;vu (>f Ihet ... , man m.nlloned ... childrcn_apr:ac,ice unhurdorbcro .. . h. flood. uc.pt in ,h ...... (>fE" . C,TY (>. G(>I> '$.,;." 4:23 24 LAMECH COMMITS MURDER 1JLamt,b said bis
... lVtS of Lamtd" b.ark.n 10 ... Ioal I say' I Jlain a man for wounding mc, ayovng manforllrik;ng me. IOIfea;" uatltngedJttlufold, Inly Lamulo Ovn.vuWlI..am.chkilbl ... anandayoung man in ordur(>propagalO furrh rh. g.n .... ti(>n.(>fC.>n.Acc(>rdingro. diff ...,n' in"rpr. unon. Lam.<h doa n(>, kill fW(> unknown 1"" __ bur Cam him..,lf (EPtlu, .. ). Th. mu. d.r(>fC.'nbylh.hlndof.L.mcch,".I'g.nd .... ilhoulfoundllion.L.m.ch i mu.d rwho doa nOI <OIII,d .. rh nmpl. of .... pun"h m.n, of Cain .nd i ..... r.fo..., pUnl.h.d mo..., .cvtroll' Chrylom,m (>ppo"" Sui!". poinrofvi.",.ndbcli.vCltharLomcchcon.id ... rh. u.mplcof Cain and Ihrough " .. brough"o.opontan.owconr ..... iOllm..' .nabl .. himrolimi,h"punishmcn,(CH"vlOS' TO" ). Theodor." how ... er, , tU paralleli,m h ...... d.rg .. C$ th L.mhiocontUoi .. glo Ir.ilhng"""ro .. THBP"."'n ... "YOFL ..... cn'. M" .. o .... E"na .... Yn.Sn., .... :50m . bccI"."h,l' .... u .... ngedfo"I'V.ng.n .... lion l'rha' Lamed .. ...... uil. bcc.u God h.d .. ,d."AlIfleshhu<orr .. p .. diuf>",h:' .ndal ... bcc ... .."h.,,, vuofL.m.d, .. "', ... Ihe lineofrhcirgen ..... on would bccut off. Th'l'",e.cgiving bir<h nOI.(> mal., bUI 10 f. m.l.sonl, .. forMo id rhlfi ' .. ... wh.n ... enm .. lupllCdonth ... r<handd.o.ughtcn "' born '0 th, ... : ' Wh.n Ih ... wiv ....... ,hcplighlof th.irgcn "on. rh.y b.c.mc furf .. landkn." hatrh'Judgm.n,!kcrccd .glln .. Ca'n.ndh" .. v.ngcncrllion.had co .... upon rh'''g.ne .. "on. Lamo:ch . hen.on h"d.v n .... romfo".dthem.uying,r hav.killcd.manf(>rwoundingm.anda yo .. , hf(>,str;k"'gm . j"", .. Godc." .. d Cam ... ';'a,.ev.ngencra"on. would p.",h wuh him .... God will ca" .. nit ro remain.bO:Clu"1 hav. killed.wo. 00 Ihar .. ven, y .,vcn Jcncra,ionl,hould die ",uh m 8cf(> .... h ....... cntyoenn ren ... .,onl <om . h(>,.,.,ver. Wt will d, . , "d through rh. cupofdeath.h .. w. ,.$I . ... c will .. c. pcfrom .h .. p .. ni.hm.ntwftich.bcca .... ofm . . .... m u<endtooev.n' y ... enJ.ncr.<io" ."Co .. "'1"T .. ... :.1l l."MBCHM, C; HT B BT>l B MUII; DU. I II;Of C .. , N.E .. HU .. THSSY''' .. N:S'ilIo,h ..... y tha, Lam.eh. who was cunning and erany. .. w 'he plight of hi. gencca,ion: tha, ,he S<thi'u' rtfu d '0 intcrmingl. wi,h,hem heeaustof,h. repToachof,h.itfa,horCain. who was IIilI ali .... and , ha, ,h. land. would bf,come uneul<iva<td from ,h. laek ofplow. men and ,h." g' nua,ion would ,hu. 'Ome '0 an end. Lamech.thtrero,c.mo"edby:tcal. killed Ca,n ,oguh" wnh hi. On< ' On whom h. had b'go".n and who .... mbl.d him, 1 .. , through ,h" onc.on who o<mbl.d h,m the memory ofhi$,ham.con,inucth,ough,heir gcnc<a,ion . When he killed Cain. who had
hep them from tyranni:ing each o,her. bmechnid,ohi,wiv .. uifin ere,:A man and ayou(hhav.beon killed.bu"ak. andadocoyourdaugh,cnfor,h.,on.ofSeth. a.uu.eof ,hcmurd .. s that I have commi".d and becaust of ,he ado,nmen' and buu'l'of your daught.,.. ,ho.e who rcfu .. d tobf, mac ri.dtou.in,h'pu,.ixgeneraIlOn. migh, now eon nt '0 marry wilh u. in our g.nera ,ion:CoMM.NTARYONGENES1S4.}.I,.' T HE H YPOTHESt S T H .. T L ... MICH MUR DSRllOCA'NMUSTBI R IjBCTBO.aASt LTHE GRE .. T: Som. ,hink ,ha, Cain wu d.stroyed bj'Lamechon,hrgrounds , h",heliveduntiI cha' tlm. ,opa)',helongcrpcnalt,.But ,h.i.i. no,true.FotLamecl,.eem.,oha pcrp. ,ratcd,womutd ... f,om wha, h. ,,:11. u . "l have killed a man and a you,h"- ,hc man for woundins and ,he rou,h fo, brui$ing. No,,. a wound 15 on. 'h,ng and a brui .. another:.nd mar, i. one ane a :.,n . nall h< bu, Lam.ch \'OntJ "m .... v.nfol .!: I' .. fou, hundred and "'netreha"i menl$. if truly God'. judgmcot agalnU Cain i. jUSl,tha,he.houldundergo vcnpuni.h ment1.1n faet ... he did not I .,nromu,der from ano(h .... o h. did no,sc< ,h. murd.Tet undergoing,hep.nal(). Bu,l.havingbf,for. m)' eyc. ,h. man groaning and ,remblingand al.o (h. greatne of (he anger of God. "as no,brough, '0 my.en ... by.he example. Thercforeld .... v.(oparfourhund .. dand ninety p.nah i ... LBTTB .. ' 160." THROUGH CONFItSSION L ..... . C H L,M,TS H,s PUN1SHMBNT. CHRYSOSTO .. : "Lamech .. id:, hc,utinfac'goc.on.",ohi.w;v<s Ada and Sclla.' Li"en to my voic., w;v<> of Lamech.hcark.n.o mr wo,ds: l killedaman for wounding me.and. young man for.rrik. ingme. On Cain fell s.vcnfold veng nce, bu, on Lamcch l c .. nfytim ven fold:App1r your ", .. n,ion '0 ,h. Ulmo.u. I b ... cch you. pu, a.idc all worldly ,houghtsand let u. stud) ,h,,, word. wi,h ,p.cci.ionso,ha,no,h,ng mayucap"us,bu,ratherwe.houldp,oc.ed tothei,deepe$tmeaningandb,,"ble roJ igh' uponthe treasureconceaJedinthe.ebri.r phra .... L.mcch idtohi .. w'vc.Ada.nd Sella:,h.,u,say . Li .. en<Dmyvoice, wives ofLamech. hea,hn (0 m)' wOTd. :Con.ideT a, once. ! ukyou.from ,h.out5<t how much b.ncfi,thi . man g.inedfromlhepunishm.n, inflicred on Cain. Not "nij' dou h. nO' a\\'alt accusationfromsomeon.tI .. ,o,nceffecr ,hat h. ha. bf,en1"il'j'of,hi.,inor.om. wo .. con . bu,wi,hou,anyone's accu.inghim Or cen.uringhim h. confe .... hi. own guil,. .dmi"h15cflmesandouti in .. ,oh .. \\'ives ,h. magnitude of his l in.utofulfill,he proverh o{theinlpi,..,d .. ri,.r," He who a(cuael him Kl{lIth.beginningof,helpcechilinch. .igh . " YouK . con{ul ioni.o{,heg'u,." tffica<yfo,.o".nionoffaulu.Th",.h. denialofguil.aftHthecommittingof,in prove, "0." .hln , h. " n, .h.m l"u. 11<i, wu ,he.ondi,ion o{,hu man who kmed hi. bro,h and who .. h.n '1"."ion.d by ,h. I .... IngGod did no,m cly d.dine.oconr ... hi. cTlmebu'.'.ndared '010. , 0Godand.hu. cau d hi. lif. to be leng,h.ned. Acco,dingly Lamcch.when he reil In,othtUm.liru. arriv.d ... htcondul;on . h .. d( n ... l would onlrl d,oh", ... iving a v.,crpuni.h m.nt. and 10 h ummon.d hi. WIVU. wi.hout Inyonc'.a<cu.ingotcha'gl ngh,m.lndmadt. penonalco"ft .. io" ofh ... ins ,0 ,hem In hi. own wo,dl . By comp ing wh. ,h. had don. '0 the (ri mu comm;tt.d by Call', h.lim ... d the p"nilhm.n, coming.o him. H o.tl uu ON GgNISISIO.67.' L .... . c;H K.LUD OM. YOUTH. T HBoooUT OF Cn.: Somc ,n,ccp. e.e"",,dcr.u.nd ,hi. no,o{,women or.aao,h ... fanlui z o{ C.in.bu,o{on.and,h .... m.Y""nl!mln:. mln I hav. killed for wounding me and. youngmanfo,b,ullingm.:na,i . lyou"g manapp,o .. hingmlluri, ). H.eJ.Clpe n. g<ancethrDuj!hcDnf ... ionof., ... anclp.o.
divm.jlldgmenl.QUISTlONSON GINBS1S 44. - 4:2;26 ADAM AND EVE BEG ET SETH " And Adllm I." ... , hil wift again, ud .bt a 10" a"d ,.U.d bi. lIamt Srrh.fnr ,b. laid, "God hal appo;""d for mt a"otb .. ,bild inl.ead of [Abd, for Cain , ltM' him].' " T .. SdI. GIn" .0" wa, &or n. a"d IIf ,,,Iled hi. ""me Eno.h. At Iha, lim. {me" &'g""'o caUl' MpOn Ihe ""meoflh. LORD. O ....... , .... :Th.ton .. pllonofS.,ltby ... dlm and Ev ignifi., ,h. harmonJ' of"'pon.ibl. marriage 0' ALlXANO .... ). Th. .. ionl orij!inaflnj; from 5.';, ,h. hu.en1r d,y of God (AUGUIT1N.). S,nct S .. h para, Clin.hi.flmily iscaUed,heJullpeopl to( d,e Lord' (EtoHIlDO). Aht. nil "lfth ,he Ho],' Spi,;, comClupon Eno.hand.ndow.him wi,h.t..gifo ofp,oph.CJ (C .... LO.JUUU u .. }. TH. COMC; T . ON O F SITK. Of ALgX .. NOIU.: We ""U ,,,a: ", .. io nu. of .... il: .ndJexualimmoral'ty.Rp.auionsin'p".<1 by,h.dcviI.Ru" hcharmonyof'Clpon.ibl( mlTnageoccupiClami<ldJep<l.i,ion.Whcn !h.,.., .... Jf.control.;,lu<l opr.ycr;wh.n ,her ... r.v nlb.id.aJunion . ochil<lb .. ring. A nyra,c . h.rellaprope: im.forth. bued,ngofchildren.andScriptu.cc.ollsi, knowl.dg . in the wordl "Adom kne .. hi. wife Ev . and.he concoivcd and bo.ea."n. and caUcdhimbYlhenam.ofS .. h.fo.Godhu r"Jedupfo.m nolh childmAbcl", ploc.:ST.o .... T.I$ ) . , s.' iT h NOT CB.T .. , ,, THAT SBTH \VA' 60." NIXTAfTHaCA'N.AuGu5TIN.,hi' qu;'c po .. ible,hatwh.nAd.m .. .. divinely In' p".d 10 la)'. aft.r Se,h"'uborn,'God hu g,vcn mc.no.hcr .,.d.forAbcl whom CaIn 1l ... : th.rei. no'mpltea"onh ".h.tSelh .. ... h.n.x,bornln.h.o.de.of,im.but onl),ha,hcwudu.incd ,ob<: afi.hcirintht orderofholin .... C'TYo.GoD' $.rs' 4:26 Stlllile, C .. U" PO" God TNt SITN' TU Rap uNT THBC, T. OF GOD. A"eUS"N.: \Vc have IWO linu of I UC' ce .. ,on. onc de.ccnding from C.inand the o.he. from tho Ion who wu born 10 Adam In order!ob.!he hetr ofAbc! who wu killed .nd,owhomAdamsa".,h.n.mcofSe,h. H ... r.fc .. cd '0 ,n Ihc wo.d.God huglvcn me ano.her ed. for Ab.1 whom Cam .1" .. .- Thu."i"hllthe,wo riuofgener .. ;on. Ihll arek.p, . odi .. inc . Scth and.hco,herfrorn Cain.lymboli:e,he twO c"' ..... "hwh"hI.md ltngir:ln .... ork nehcav<"nlr,ltr ,nuil.onU,.lnand,he ca .. hl),ci .}". wholConl rurchandsalllflc, ,'Or: arc for and in tncjoy, of ear,h.CITY GOI"i1i.' TH.S.TH'TISAIITHBJU.TP.OPLB OF GOO. EPHU .. THB Sn., .... , Afur S(th bcg'" En".h.M,,"(lwro,e"at,hatll mchcbcganto eaU on ,h. nam. oflhe Lord."' BUauuSclh had.cparalcdh'mlclffrom,hchous<ofCain. ,heSclhiluw.rccall.dbrth.nameof,hc Lord.lha, .... h.ju .. peopleof.he Lord. CO ..... "T ... T O"GB"ES" $.,.1. ' TN' SPI.IT E" .. owl .. W, "r H G,'T 0' OF u .. ,TheHolySpori,cam"uponaUlh."gh. 'cou. m.n and proph ...... uch 11 EnOlh. Enoch.Noah and H> On. 10 Abrah.m. loa ..
M''''''"I;; O. THI N"" u AI,.. ... 51TH ""0 E,.OSH.A"I;;UITt"'., Se,h m .. n.re.llrrec .ion:and,htnamcofhilH>nEno.hm.an "m.n'-Th. nlme Adam 11.0 rnun, man: hut in Hebre .. i.can b<:u.c<lfor I n)" human p." ,on. e;lhrm.l. o,fcmal .. ,uon< <an lee f.om rhe !u!,"H. cR .. cd them male and f.m.I. , andbl .... d.h.m.ndc.U.d,h.irnam. Adam:' Th," .u,leavc. nodoub,lhatEvc wu g,v.n he. )'1"01"'< nam . wh.r .... 1.. com monnoun"adam:or"humanbelng:.pplied '0 both Adam and Eve.' It was difi"enn. wi,h Ihe name Enosh. Thi. mean. man: H.b.e .. .cholar, llU'. lnthe .enseofam.n .. di"in gu"hed from a .. oman_ Thw EnOlh w:u a .onor ruur ctton:C'TY OF GOD LS.11. 'FCII,KI6..'FCL_ .... ' .... ,........_ .w.... .. ... .,bod."""- ... e ......... .. 5:1-8 SETH AND HIS SON ENOSH 'Tb'l ;1 tbe 10001: I>f tbr genrrariolll of Adom. " God truwl man, be made bim ill rbe likeneJl of God. 'Malt ud he created them, and he &Ieued rbem alld named tbem Man! ",hrn rbe] ",rre cruud. JWhrn Adam bad bwndred' and rblrty ]earl, be bteame tbe fMber I>f a lOll in hi' own lihnell, aflfr b'l image, and 1I0med him Srth. 'The 1- dOYl I>f Adam after be becom, the fathrr of Seth ",ue eight bwndrea' ]Url: and h, baa , otber lI>nl and dugbtrrl. ITb'/J olllb, dOll thll! Adam IVfrr nill' and Ibirl] Jellrl;lIndhrdird. 1 ' When Seth hod lived a ana five ]earl, he bteame Ihe father of Enolh. ' Sttb Ilvrd IIftrr rhe birtb of EnOI" right bwndre.!* and ]rars, alld had alhrr ll>nl IInd urs. ' TbuIIIUtb.daYJafStth",.rell'nrbundrrd"ndllllrlve]rIlTJ;lIndbe d,ed. O ... ,.." .... 'Th.beginnlllgaf ... orldch.ono! oSJuno,rcckon.dfrom.h ... rthlycIIY nOI from Ih. gcncr .. ion of Cai ". huv. cnlyci'j illymbo1ind in ,he on. "man" (Ena.h) ba.nof.h."rClurreclion"(S .. h) of ,h. man who WII olain (Abel), lymboli:'ng ,h. un"yaf,hc whol.hcav.nlycil).Thil 11 ,heprapu "'IY.o p'Clen, Ih. nl"a,;ve of worl.:! h.'110rl 11 Iymb-oli:ed byth.,wacII ,Cl (A""USTINI). Th.liltc"ul berw " Adlmandh,,"onSerhi,areflec,iono(.h. unilrbetween ,hc Fa,hcrand,hc San (0 .. , I;DI). I,i. likdy,hatS.rh, delccndann buihc;I1ulnd,nhab;udlhcm,ev."rbough .h.r.i.namentlonaf,hue ... cn .. ,nrbc Scrip, urel(AuI;USTlNB). ,,u, l,ahi,.rhllrh ... ri,er.u thaughb,d. den by Gad ..... al Un .... illing.o ha". th.beg,n "inga(warld chranalogyr.cl<OllodfTOm ,h. ..rthlydt) (.ha, i" fromlhe,.nera<ionof Ca,n).alld..,h.deliberaldyw.n,bacl<lI> Adam fa, a nc'" beg,nnlng. l f .... ul< whJ ,hi l rcrurn,oreclp"ulue,,umadcimmcdi. aIClyaf.ermen,ioningSerh,.an. ' .htman .... hohapedtocallupon.h.nam. af.h.Lard God.,h.an ..... e,mu .. be,har.hi.wlI.h. p,opu "'al' 10 p, n,.he t."o cniu. Th. aM bcg"'l andcndlwilhamu.dercr, for La- mcch, 100. U hc Idm",.d.o hll tWO .;VCl. WU I murdu . ' Th. a.h,r c"y be,, "1 w"h ,hc man wha hop.d '0 caU upon rh. nlmtaf IhcLard Gad. for rh. invon. ian afGod 11 rhcwhalc and ,he high ., p,.occupationaf 5:1-2 The G.llwlI iOIlJ of AJ"", .he city of God dUring '1$ 'n .hi, world. I: " Ivmboh=.o 'nTne One "man" WOlf 0011 T,n N ........ Tt\lI ap GBNU' 5 (Enalh.) born of Go lI .. c" TO Th.rulon fo,. ,hi. btuk ,,,.h.,,,,,,,,,,. !i".h,
man who wu ,I"in (Abd). Th ... ont m .. n inf"crua'ymbolof.htun"yof.h.wholt huv.nly "t}'. wh,ch U nOr y.t in rh. fulln." 'ha'i,i.d.nin.dlo ..... h .. ndwhi.hi .. dumb,at.din,hi'p,ophClicfigu . CITf OF GOD IJ.:'. ' 5:35 San ill Hi. Li/m u .. b 1' flO' .. '."' .. A'u ....... "S.T .... .. Ch.",i h.inv,.,bl.,mag."f,h. ,nvllibl. God.Julla, a((o.d,ngl<>rh.Scrop'urcnar ... 'v. we la)' rha h. ,mag. of Ad.m ... u h .. .onSClh.hi,wr;Ue"thu,,"AndAd .. m bego,Sethaf,.rh,.ownimag ... ndaf, h" ownk,nd:Thi.,mag'pr rv.I,h.unurof na,u.eand.ub" .. "c.common,o .. r.,h .. a"d ... on. Fo,"whueve h. Fa,hc.dou. rhcSondoulikew, .. :' jn rhlfnryfacr- rha'lh.Sondo .... llrh,ng.Jullurhc Farhc,dou-th.F ... h .... 'm .. g.i ' .. pro duc.d ""h. Son. who,. b,nh from.b. Fuh .. i.ui'w ..... n .. cl0f hi .wilJp.0. cccdi"gfrom.he mind. O"f'IlSTP,,' .. e', PLlSI.l.6. ' D'oTHBO .. eBlw ..... TlO.SBTH CIT'''! AOGUSTI ... : Now notic ha. wh.n ,h"nspircdw",cr..,,,forrh,h.l.ngthofrh. hvuof.h.m."h.m.nllonl.th.na .... "v. ah .... y "d. wi'h,h.formul. a"dh.bSot .on'."ddaughr.r .... ndallrh.tJm.d ... ,." .nd"'llnd w u."' ..... nrr car ' ndb.di.d: Con.id .. ingthatth ewn.anddaugh ........ nOlnam.dandrem.mb.,inghowlongpcople li ... d,nrha,firllperiodofourh",ory.an anyon.,.fu obehewetha.wgrca,.mul,, .udcofmenwubornurohlvcbeenabl . in group . o build I great number ofd.i ! C' TY OF GOD IS.'" ;:914 ENOSH AND HIS SON KENAN ' "'btll fht fQlhfT IIf t"Ellolb lived fht ,",rtb of tlthf b .. "drtJ Q"d fifteu ytf1.rl , allJ had ofhrr lOll S and dawg;' . UTI. " T;' ... all tbt Jays of Ellosb wtTt "ill t b""arrd a"d fiVt ytars; and Itt ditd. " Wbrll had lived YUTI. fafht< of j"' to: Afl rt fb.junh af "lbt ",,"a .. d' a"d faTlY ud OIh.r 10." .. ".: aa"ghl :rs. " Th" j alld .. daYl llf K.llan ..,.rtnintb"na,tJa"azrnytamaIfJ"tJita. OV V' RW' Th. name EnOh mean."man" in ",.languag.ofd,eChaldun ... _U .. ,n Hebn,., {A"'II05I).' 519 11 Enod, all d Hi. D unJanl. M ..... ' .. CO. TH. N.u .. EHO. H.Aoo.II05.,For pl.uu,n.cI.vu .hi'J<)ulandd""''',,ay from ,he bod}" Thil i"oirnow oRClclf. man-"",,, in Ladn bUI ,n , hel .. of,hcCh .. ldc:ln'.!s ..... C.o" T" .SO\lC, .,. ' .... i man.hould ... move h,mulffromfluh)' 'Fe"", ;:1520 JARED BECOMES THE FATHER OF ENOCH " Wloe" lived Yfa . b. b.,,,m. ,b. fllrlm of lived ' ''' bi " fig'" and ,bi.IY ytan. and had orht. ,0'" and dugb'.Tl. " Thw. all,,,. d"y' of Mahalaltl" ",efr tigh' hWlldf.d and ni"Clylive YUf.;udh.d,rd. " Wlor" Ja ftd had livrd a Lwndwl and .ilr'y'I"''' y.ar. h. bUllmt I". J:uh "f En"'I. . "JIITtd !i,.d il/ur lb. birlh of Ell"," rigb, bWll dwlytllr . and bad olher IOn. and .laugh ,t ... .. Tbw.III1,"td"yJofJllrtdlUtrt n;n."wnd dllnd.ixly., ... oJ.IITJ;"ndh.dit':. Ovl.v,.,,,Enoch .... hoi h v.n.hinth. hne of ducenl from Adam. prdigu he u" enfold giflf of .h. Spin< ,ha. would com o , .. ,inCi","{BI OR). T HI eo .. C.PT' O,.. OF E,.. OCH TH"T oFCHaon. B201:Enoch,ln,nath .. u .ng.nd .... duv.n,h,n,h.hn.ofdu,. ", ftom ... dam. pr.figured InU ,h. Lord """ .. Id . ..... al .. a)'o: mortaln .. ur.bu,h), lh.powe.of,hcHoh
HolrSp,,,, .wh,ch .. d ... u.cv.nfold. ' wo .. ldcom or."uponC ..... ' ;na.!"'cial "'J wh.r.hcw .. . boullob.botn. And h. wouLdbap,in ,n.h. Holy Spiri,and g,, h.gifuof.n.Spiri o ,ho whobdi .... ,r. nim. How'lf .. Oh' GOSPU5 5:21-27 ENOCH IS TAKEN BY GOD AND BROUGHT TO HEAVEN had lived sixty-five" years. be!a"'e father of walked wilb' God afler Ibc birth oJ Melbustlah l tb,et hund,ed' yea,s. and blld oIb .. sons and daughl!rs. 11Th"s all thr days of Enorh were th,ee hund,td and sixly-five ycars. "Eno!h walked wilh God; and he was no! .for God look hi",: he brcame fh'falhe r of La ", e,h. t6Me!h"ulah' livta aflH Ih r birth of Lamuh ,tven h"nd,.d and e'gh!y-!w,, " _wars. ana haa othu SOn5 ana daughun. "Th"s all th, days of Metbu5dah' ..... crl hl/n drtaand,iXly.ninrytars:anab,di.a !..U. _ ... ....,. ... {.U"'""-'""'!..Uw .. "'-.. LlClt __ r.u_w .. "'-.. God. ....... _ ....... """"" ..--.-1_. LlClt .-.. ........ _ "Ln .... _ .... _ OV,,",vra,,: Enoch i,snatched up 10 heaven on Ihe wing' of fire of the HolrSpir;, (AMSMOSI).,how;ngAdamthlfp .. ad;se;s the meeting place of the faithful (EPHUM). God"ke,Enoch.ndbring.himtop ... dise beC3us.h.i'pl.ui ngin,h igh,ofGoJ (Cyp,,' .... j . lti. uncuumwheth ... hi'i$. con$e'luena''' . preconditionofEnoch. comp .. hen.ionofGod1i n.ture (GM'GOII.YOf NAz,ANzus).Enoch. lif.d.mons<,a<<:Ifhat human fle.h doe. no, pr.ven' numansf Tom becommg.aintC .... SOSTOM}.ndtn.tone whohopn in God do not dwell on eaTth but i. ,ransported and d ve. to God (AMUOSE). Enochdo<snotexpcricnadca.h but " ... n . ported 10 immorulitr b)" God (AUCUSTlNI). Enochi.ootendowed ,.,ith ... rnallife.bu, hi,deatni.onlrpOstpon.d (TERTULU ... ")
th. world (JO .. ",CASSIAN). Methu .. lah. th on of Enoch.di., in ,h. r.a, ,,h.n ,n< flood h'g,n . Th. disct'pancie, in th.figur .. mention.d.boveare di,cUS$cd b) J.rome. who ",Ive. ,ne appHent anomalr ofMerhu .. l.h, dyingaf,e,thefloodbr recoutse,oth.H.hrew(JERoME).Thedi._ crepanciu bet,.,een ,ne Hebrew and the Ser- tuagi ntareal$odi$Cu$$cdbrAugu.tine 5:21-24Ellocb W .. lk.d ... itbGod E",oc .. 1s T""IIJ< T O Huvu, BY SPIRIT. AMaROsr: The Holr Spirit aloo "m. down ".nd filled the whol. nou . wher. ".r)' m.nrw.re l itting ndthereappuredpartcd tongues a.offire:' Good are ,he..,ing.of lov tne true wing. that flew.hout ,hrougb themouth.of th polflu.andth.,.,ingsof fir. ,ha'"pok. ,h. pure wotd.On ,hue ",-inr s Enoch fle" when he wu snatched up '0 hu"er .. A'>AatW.TNU'UTHI EuNT.EpHUatTHI Some Ill' that whil. Adam ... 'a,look 'ng la, EnochJ God hIm to pan d". I .. , Adam ,hink .ha, Enoch wu killed:as was Abel and 10 be: gri.ved, Thil wu 10 Ihat Adam mlgh. allO be: comfoned by Ihil jUII lonofhila nd.h .. hemigh,kno", .ha,forall ",ho ... h<Tbcfoudu.h or afur.he ruurrcct;on,puadlle would be .heir mculng place. CO .... .. ON G6NI' SUS, I} ENOC .. Puuu GOD. CH .. UN: W. abo nnd.ha.Enoch, whopleu.dGod ... u.ra .... poned, u d,vln. SCTlprurcteuifiu 'n G.nu" and" YI,"AndEnochpleuedGodandwaI no ... cnla.erbecau .. God,ookh,m:Th," wu plUl,ng in the "ght of God_.ha, Enoch mer;,edbc,ngtranlportedf,omthccon.agion o{,h" world. Su,th. HoIl'$pin. ",achu.11O .h,oughSolomon' ,ha"hollwhoplu.eGod .r.,.kenfromheue",lterandmorc'!ulCk11' ... f,,,,,.lc., whilc.hcl' au tarr'T,n, '00 long ,nu, ISworldthcyb.,o.rup,edbl'familiaruy with che ",o,ld. ON HOPI "'c TO lNvOJ<ti TH I LORD. Guco"v O. NAZ'''Nzus:Enoch"hopcdto1n y ol<.thc
hop,ngfor knowlcdgc. mark you. but rather ,n hop,ngfor,nyoca"onof.hcLon:l..Enochw .. -,ranlfc.,cd"-yu, but U ,,<!u"eundca, whcther,hil wu I 'onlequcnc. Or' prccond,. lion ofhilcomp,chcndon,God'ln u . THIOLOG' CAL ORATIONS Hu .... FLUH Do" NOT P.UINT ENaCt! . .. 0 .. S.CO .. ' NC A SA, ... T. CH .. nOSTOM W.ll b.".do not 11)'. "1 arn ,mpcd.dbr'''' fiesh.1O 1 unno: w'no,U or take On my.cl: cffor .. . "Do notthul accu .. yourCrc.,or.Fo.,f.hcfluh mok.""mpo"i. ble.o PO'"" vi ...... <, ,hefaull 11 no. oun. How.y .. , ,h. company of Ih. la", .. has lhown tha, in reahty i,doc. no,mak hi. impo"ibl. Th. narurcof.h./l h did no. peevcnt Paul, for ,nsu.nce. frombc:<:omingsuchau,n,uhe b,," mcorPu.tf.omrecciving,h.keYlof hcaven. Furthe E1IOCh, .hollgh po_dof .he fluh, ... u taken by God and ... n no moee. HO."'.J uo",)oHN,!.' THonWHo Hop. , ... GOD Do NOT E .... TH.A ...... o$E: Enoch call.d upon Godinhopt.ndlO,sthough,tohuet...n tranlpo.tod.Andooonlrthu man whoputJ his hopc in God ms.obcman:' Morc ""cr, th.dur and tru,hful ",n .. of,h. p ... IIgc i. tha, ono who put, hi. hope m God dOClnotdwcllonu.thbu, ' " tran.pon.d.1O .olpcak.ln.dcleav.l .oGod. ls ..... c.O. THH SOUL'.', " ENOCH T ....... C .... OID V ..... , Ty O f TR" WO .. LD. JON'" CUS'A"': The mind il j.O caugnt up in ,h'" WI)' ,hat che h.ar'ngno Jongcr,akCl'nthcvooceiouuideand,magel of ,h. pa .... br no long .. come '0 light and .h yenolongcr".llhemoundJconfron.i ng 11 Or .. tlriling up again .. i,. No onc will po ... " .h ... u.h Ind th. power of III ,hil unl ...... hu d ... c, uptr,. .nc o.u,hh,m. Th. Lord will have ,urned ,hc eyCl ofh" hu".wlY frtlm nery'hing of .h.h .. c.ndn .... . ndh .... lIl,h,nkof,h .. eu nO'trlnlllo<ylomuchu.lrcadygone,l moke Ic t ... d,ntonoth,ng.He" ... llu",ithGod. 'FC9I:UJ..M "\\.' .,); 'FC1o6<l11.,&.-r-o.l6lXX. 'fCFr.!}<.'fC.',)]) ... ' ..... _IhIIIIor ..... ..-.Ir ........ .:-;,,,. ............... : "FC6!,,. Iik.Enoch.Hcilgoncfromahumanwayof lifc.fromhumanconccrna. H. ,a nolonllcrro bcfoundamid .h.,.ni'l'of.hllp.cun. world. Th. ' u ' o[GenU,s ,cla.u .ha. thi, ac.u.!lyhappcncd ,oEnochin .h.body: "Enoch walked wi.h God .nd wu no. '0 M foundMcauo.Godh.d.akcnh,m.w. )"" Th pold .... ys.B. cau.cofh,. r ... h. Enoch wu kcnup.o,ha.h.d,dno.han.o .ncoun ... d ... h .. "eo ........ c.j..,." E .. OCHOouNoT EI ....... c. I'.BIBNT OUT ... AUGU5T'NE: Then ,hc Scrop,u,. ..... , ,h ... r,.r ,Om,"m' h.d.l.p d , ,h .... wu a m.n nam.d Enoch. who ... jUll iu mU Itcdal1ngul p.ivil.gc:.ha,hc.houldno, cXp""cnuprcntd .. ,hhut.houldM<raru pon.d 10 ,mmonab.,. from .h. m,<U. of mo. ,al . Thll ,"c,d.n. shOWl lha. on. JUI, m.n .. du ,oGod,hanm.nyllnn .... CH' ... L"B 7." ENOCH'. Is ONLT POnI'ONBP. TH' TULLI"N: Enoch.nd Ehj.h w ... ".nlp""ed h.nc ... "hout , uff."ngdu,h, ... h,ch .. ., only po"'poncd.Th. day ",;U.om. wh.n ,h.y wiIJac.uallyd,.,h.,.hcymarullngullh Anuchr"' ... "h.hc .. blood. Th .......... I.g .ndtha'S .. John . h.E,.ng.h .... u ,ol;v.' ili ,he ucond coming. but hedi.d.ON THfi SOUL ,0.,." M .TH unUH D,u, ... TH. Yu. Of THE FLOO'" JUOOOE: Th.re i f.mou. '!uu"on th.thubcenairedb)d"c\lU,on,n.1l chur<hu: 'ha,b)'1 carcfui.cckon,ng" can be Ihown, ha,M.,hu.d.hh".dfoutlccny.ar> flC,thcnood.h.pp.ara.ha:in ,hi .c ..... ,nmanvo.h .... inth.S.p'u."n:tr.nllauon ofth.Sibl.th.rcil an.r ... r, n tbcnumbcn. Amonirh.H.bre ... . nd.h.booklof.h. Sa", iunl.[havefound ,hc ru, ... ri".n a hundred v.n yca .. and bccame ,he fathu of Lamech, M .. huICI.h Iov.d.ftcr ,h. b,,,h of Lamech lu .. n hund,cd.nd.illhty,woy .... andbad o,her,on.anddaughttn. Thuaall . btday.of Mc.b ... elahw.rcninehundredandll .,..nine yca .. :and bed,ed.And t..:uncch hved on. hund dandc'gh'r,woycarsandMso, N".h'- "'ccord,ngl,..,hcrc ar. 369 y .... f.nm ,hcda,.ofM. ,hu lah'.birth.o.hcd.yo( No.h'.bor,h: , ,,,h ... . ddNoahal i. h .. nd d y .. tI.I,ncothc noodoccurrlOd in ,h. liS hun d .. dthyu,ofb"lif . ndln"wo.luo ... th., Me,hu.clahdicdin.bcn",th .. "drcd.""y. ..... b.n Ih. flood bcg.n. Hu .... ' Qu.n,o ... so ..
.. o .. D'SC .. BP ..... C ' 1i Hu ..... ..... o AUGUIT' .... : Mo .. ovuthedifT ... nc.'nnum M ... h., .... findbc,w n the H.br .... tcx. .nd 0 .. , " ... ,, "COOltJ ... ,U no diug .... mcn' .bo .. tth"longu''Yor.hcanc'c"". lfanvd" crcpancy 11 luch ,hat ,h. two v''',On. cannO' bo.hbctr .... .... muJt.c.l.:.h.auth.noic a"oun,o(cv.nui n,h.lang .. agcf.omwhlCr "urtut"u tranll ... d.Tho"gh,"",,pp""" nllyllun'v ..... Ur anil.bl.t".ho,c ... how .... ,o .. kc':,re< I,nific. n, lvtno .. ,h. no"n.iI v.n'ur .. d , ,,co,, ..... h.Scp ... ll'n:v ... lOn from ,h. Hebr .... 'Ut in .h. Hry manr place. ... h.r. "".m' to ofi ...... m .. h,ng difi ... n: Th c .. on ... h.ttho .. difi.r.nc .. ...... no '''-S,loO''HoIol1:'")CCIC ''FC'f';C.
con,idored fabificationl,nor do I think ,ha, , hey IhouLd b<: 10 reprded;n any war. Rathtr, where no error by the copyill iluccnained andwherclhc,enuwouLdb<:humonioul w;,hthe,.u,h.ndwouLd procL.im,helfulh, wc , houJd b<:licvtth., they wtrc moved by IhcHol)Spi"'IonrlOlllc,hingdiffe.end), no,up."of ,hc..,rvicelh." heydidu ... nlluo., h .. ,uuuci.ing ,h.f dom,h .. Ihcycnjoycd upropheu.C' Tl Of Go I) '5, '4. " 5:28 32 LAMECH BEGE T S NOAH Lamerb had lived /I hund.ed /lnd eighly,lwo' Jelln, he hUll me !befll!her of a lOll , n "nd ,,,Ued bil llllm. NOllb,' 1",Ying, "OUI Of!bt ground ... hifb!br LOUlbIU curud !bil 0,," 110/111 bring uS .tlief from our work And from !be loil of 0". b/lndl." "'Lam"b livrd IIf!er !be blftb of Nollb' fr"t bundrtli IInd nintIJ-frve' Juri, IInd blld otbrT 10111 alld daugbtrn. " Thus AI! ,h. dllJl of .... rr Itv.n bundred and Jun;' IInd be ditd. l1After NOllh' Will frV; hundrtd Jra" old, NOllh' be,amt !ht fll!her of ShUI:, Ha"' , " udJaphe! l: . l,D' ___ ........ 'UJr"" UJr .. _ .. -.., . ____ __ .. """ .. _ ....... __ .. pooooI ... .. t-I ... ...... 'l..U"' _ _ .l.U_ ............. Ov ... " .. w, LamKh prophu ,hat NGah. wholtnam.mun. .cli. r: ... illb.ing.di.r,o humankmd (E""RlM).L.mech. p.ophcC) pr.figure. Chm. (O,UGIiIl ). No.ah wu Con hcpre ..,"'.dhllv,'l'n'.,.fo. fiv.hllndrcdy .... (&HaRM). No"" WI LL SR' .. " RaLla. TO HU ...... THa Sn,,,"': Enoch beg": Me,h"'e lah. an.! Mc,hu. clahb<:go: Llmcch . n<! La mcd,b<:go: I'Ooah l who.. n1mcmulU rchef" ,nH.orc"an<!SvTlac). Lamecn proph iedabou<h" oonand ",d."Th"on. IhallbnngUluh.ffromourwo.karulfrom ,nc <oilofourhandl lndfrom,hc .. rtnwhkh tncLordc" .. ed: Hiloffering .... ... illbt plcuingfo God ... ho. b<:cau.c of th .n of,hc u .. h.'nh:abi . anf5 . ... iIld .... .. " of ..... <hfh.huildlng. thatw. hn. mad nd ,hcplan"ovcrwhich 0'"hand.h.". 10il.d. COMlu"'T .. ar 0>< GU<U1S T" " Is .. . ",: S), ccndingthrough th. indiyiduall.v.bofth.dw.nings [inth rk builrbyN .... hduring,h.l100d.j.on.arriv a. N<>ab hi m.dr. whose name mu ns reSl Or righ . 0Lls.who isJ"u.ChriSl.For wha. Lamech his fuhetsays is no,appropria,.,o th" ancien, Noah.Fo,, hi.on.;h'''Y' ."<hallgiyeu.reSl from ,h. l.borS."d , he.orrow,ofourha" ds and from th ... rth th .. , he Lord God cur .. d." For h",,,hall i,b. tru. tha. ,h "ci. n' No.h g.v .... t '0 ,h., l,am.ch or '0 ,h., p.opl. wn" w ... ,h.ncon'.in"din,h.la"d.!H" ... i h ... .c .... ti""fromth.I.bo"."d . "rr<>w,in Ih. time. ofNoah:Juus onIJ' has giv.n .. $t to humanity.ndh .. frcedth rthfromth. cur .. with which th. Lord God cUrSed it. HO .. 'I. I ESONGENtiS.S . ;.' 5:32 Noa!. ,b. Fatb of Sb.m, Ham fInd J .. pbdb NO .. HI G .. .. E" .. "' .. uo.V, .. TUB.EpHR .. , TH.SYR, .... :Aher recoun. ingth"eng.nera .io". from Adam . o Noah. Mose. said. "Noah w fi v. hu"dred yur.oldandb.go.Sh.m and H. m. ndJapheth," During thi. enti .. tim.Noah w .. an.xample tohisoon.byhis ,!ttu . for h. had preserv.d virginit) for fivr hundr.dye.u.mongthos.ofwhomi,,,a. ..id.AlIfI .. T"RYONGBNlSIS6.' .I, 6:1 4 THE SONS OF GOD UNITE WIT H THE DAUGHTERS OF MEN ' Whe" men b.ga" 10 mulliply or. Ih! f"er of Ibe ground, ,,"d daLlgble.1 wne born 10 th.m. ' 11. , lonl of God la ... tbal the dawgbltrl of m' n w'" jair; and Ib.y look /0 wife lu(h of Ibm: al Ib.y (bplr. 'Th.n 11., LORlllaid, OM), >pi.it ,hall 11 01 "bid. ill mall fo. ev.r. for b. is fl .. b, bUI bil dayssha!1 b. a hundr.a' ""a' rwt"ly ytars: 'Tb. N.pbili m ...... rbe ta.rb ;11 11."" dap . alld at".wa.a', whtll Ih. lOll l of God ,ame ir. 10 Ih. of lII e", and rb.y bort cbildrtll ro rb .. ". Tb.H w'rr. rh. mighry m'n ' Ihal wcrr of old. mtr. 'f""'w, OYB'IYJ R" "The spn. ofGod.r.a"gel,,.,ho fors.ke the b utr of God fo," p.",habi. b ut)' and unite thems.lve5 wi.h women (CLfi .. E"TOfAlE ...... Thei, desires were sO! on rhinj!s of rth Otne" argu. th.1 ,he Jons of God au rh. sons pfSerh, wno "'''''r thedauj!nten of Cam (Ep><RI!>I :. Tnowo,d,"m,sp;r>lshaUno,.bici . in man' oemon"ratethat tn. ,,'hol. "'an h.d btenchange<lin,o&Omethingworseaf.<r,he ran of Aciam (AOOtlSTINI). bu, Go<I n""u,h,, 1" .. g ... n, ... for "'p"n,anc" (EPHIlIiM). According.o Au gu .. inc.whofollow heargumentofEph m. ,h"giantJw"r"gcn.n."dbyrh ..,nlofSe.h and .he daugh,,,nofCain (AUGIISTlNI). wh u. Amb.o.". who "'"Imcs ,he vi ... exp.co dbyCl.m.n,.mainuin. ,ha.th.) w.r. born fromangcll uni .. ng.o mortal wom.n (AM'lIOn). Both .h ... wti .... agree .ha.th.giantl.ymboliud.oup .... on.who .redevotcdonlJ'.oearthlydctir . Srr.ngth t.nds,o ..... d .. ,oganc.(lh.s' L).Th.i'dm. for np"ntancc was lomit.d (JUOMI ). 6, }2 Tb. Sonl th. Daugbt. ' I of ... 1fn FALLI",ANGIUE"'TI CI OITEAITHU BIAUTT. CUMBNT Of ALU .. NOR' .. ' Th. mindislcda .. ,aJ'byple&lurc.and.hcvirgin cen,erof .hcmind. ifno,d'lC.plin.dbyth. \\'o.d.<legcnc, .... in.olicen,iousn ... and rupsdilln.egrationu .. ..... dfori .... an gr ... ion . Anu.mpJeof.hi. fnryoui h. angel.whnforfookthebtau'yofGo<Ifo. p""'habl.btau'yandf.Ua.f ..... h ....... JS from ,h. earth. CHK' ST THI ),:,'4. ' 0 .. , .... SaT 00; THINGS o. E .... TH. .. :0fd.e' nco.poreal bcing . only.ngd. feU ..... J. and not all of .hem.b" nmeonl) . ha.indined.o.hing. btlo,,and .. ,th.ir<luir.onthing.ofeanh. w'thdrawing.hem l" .. from.h.".e!a"nn. ,,lfh.hing. abo. . N .. TUUOp/l.ho;i S' THISO,., or Gon Au Till SONI OF 51TH. EPHUM THIS, .. , .. N: [MOIu) caU.d ,he IoOIU ofSe,h"..,nsofGo<I;.houwho.lilt.,he..,n, nf Se.h. had bt.n called"thc"'gh,co"'p"0ple ofGo<I:Th.bu",if"ldaugh rlofm.n whom they "'''' ", t.h. d,ugh,erfofCain whoado .... <I.h.mnlv .. an<lbecam.a.n .... ,0.y ofth ..,n.ofSe.h.n.nMo ....... id ",h. y.ook.owir uchof.hcmu,heycho ; beca"nwh"n",heytook".hem . heyacted veryhaugh.ilyo".r .hos.whom.h.ych ..... A h .... if.of artch man. and an old man wOllld , IR wtth on . ... ho ""'yo"ng.Th. ugli.tt ofall would actarrogandyov ... h.mo.o.bea".iful.eo .. ...NT .. nON GaN"'s 6.}.I. ' 6:3 Hwm."u Limit.d AD .... S S'o; H .... CH .. NGSO HU .... N'Tf ,NTOSO .. ITN,NcWo .. n.AuGUIT' NE,By thJul1ic.ofGod.h.wholc human rac ...... d.h .... d in.o.h. pow.r of. h.devil . he.in of.her.rf.manp ... ,oSOt'il,n.lly,ntoall p"rlon.ofbo.hu .... wh"wtreborn ,hro"ghconjug.lllnion . h.d.b.ofourfirl, par.n" binding all their po er'tJ.Thi. dcliv."ng .. .. r.rl1'ndicaICd,nG.n i whu ..... h.ntt ....... id.o.h erp"nt. "Earth.hall you ca.;' i. "' ... lIid.o ,he man. "Earth you arc. and into u"h Ih.1l you .. 'urn." Th.dead,of,h.body ..... for .. old b,",n,ocatth.hallyou .et"rn:bccau he would no. haveupe"encod "ifh.had .. m.in.d "prigh, .. he h.d been c ...... d.ij,,: wh.,h ... y.,n,heli"ing",an:carthyo" ,re:.ho"",,hat.h.whol.mlnhasOc.n ch.ng.d, n.olom .. h,ngwo ..... fo, .. rthvou "':ll.l,o.l l 'F:,,, ..... H. 'Ga. k 'Ga. " jU$t a$ uying"My 'pi,i, .hall nor remain intho rh.y are flesh: Hence God.how.d rh.fh. had then ddiver.dm.nto fh. devil. fO whom he had
IJ.n.f6.' T,.u, G .. ANTBD TO THIO GBNH .... TION RBPBNTANCII_EpHRBMTHBSYR'AN:Thi, generuionwill no, live nine hundred yca .. likerhepreviou.g.neration foriri.fle.h anditsday.a..,filledwi,hrhede.d,offl h Therefore. th.ir d.y. will be On' hundred.nd fWenf)' y .. rs. If they repenf during,hi"ime. ,h.ywillbeuvedfromrhewruhrha,i. .bou, ",.omeupon them. But if they do no, repen,.by th.ir d .. d,fhey will call down wfa,h upon ,hem.elv ... Gf.cegran'ed one
generation that, according rojuSlice. wu no, worthy of . CO .... fiNTUlY ON GBN- THB T, .. B FOR RBI' BNTANcB.JuoME: Fur- .h .. more.le., [God[ may emtobecruel in th., h.hadno'gi"en.o .i nncc"plac. for he add.d. "But day' will 120 y .... :,h.ti th.ywil!h.v.120ycarsto dor'penunce. lti.no,fher.fotcth., human lifrwucon,r.c<ed,o 120 year . as many w.onglyauert.buttha, llOrearowereg;".n rothat generation forrepentance . ince w. find that the floo-d Al!raham I;,.d 17; yean andotherl more th.n 200 and 300y ..... Sinc.inde.d,h.yde.pi .. dfOdo repenunce. God wa. unwilling for hi . decr., fOOl,.i,ifS,im . bu,.uffingo(f,h"pa .. of f ..... nfrr .. rsnebrougnfOnthefioodinfhe on. hundredth yeu rhaf had been d ... ined fo,doingrepenf.nce. QUEST'ONON GBNES'S 6.,.' 6:4 The of ... " THE G' ''NT8 OLD. EPHllEM SHlAN' Th.hou.eofCain. b.cau heearthhad be.n cuned.o as not ,ogi"e ,hem i .. .. rength.produc.d.mallharv ..... d.pri".dof i".trengrh.ju .... it i. ,odar,h.,.om .... d . frui ... ndgr ..... gi" ..... ng.hand.om.dn nOf.Bec.u."a" h.f,im.,hc)' wer.curt.d .nd.on.ofthe.u .. edand .... tredwtllingin th.!andofcu ..... ,hc)wouldp,her and .. , produce that I.d:.d nu .. ifion . nd ,ho .. who atcfhe .. ,., .. e .... i,nout .... ng.hju<tliketh. food thaf ,he)" ate.A,for ,h. S.,hi .... on th. o,hcth.nd.bu.u d.n .. of the bl .... d [S.th] and w.redw.lling in ,h. l.nd a!ong.h. Mundary of the fence of pand" .. wa. abund.ntandfull ofstr.ngrh.Soroower.,hebodiesof,ho>c who.tethuproduce .. rong.ndpowerful CO"' .. UNTAllYONGIINE",s6.S.t .' THE NUH.L. '" ARB" RacB OF G."NTS. AUGun.NE:All,h.,wt,ndubi,.blrlmo,,'. from th. au,hen,ic Scripture in tn. Heb .. ,, andChri .. iantradi,ions.i,thefactth .. ,nrh. period before th. f100<! there w"e m.nr gian ... all of whom b.long.d '0 fhe e.rrhl)" cit)"inhum.n.ocier).and,h.,th.rewer 0MofGO<ldU(end.dfromSeth,,noaban- don.dth.irholin .... nd .. nkdo ... nintoth .. ci'yofm.n.Ther.i.norhing.urpri,ingln,he facr d,., gi.ntocould be born from men like that.lnanycas . v.n though ther. w.re more gi.n .. before ,h. flood than in all.ub.equ.nt.g.s.Th., .,v.d divine purpo" in ,hat therrevul In whou .... ;.e ,h.: m ... boclilrrr. aSnlfUci nc migh,hav. no moTOuluc thanhodilybcau. y.
Fllo .. F .. LL ... ANG.U UNI T I NG TO MO"TAL WO ...... A .... OSE: "Thc tianu ( Ncphilim) w.TOon.he urth in.hooe day"." Thc.u.hot of.h.d,vlnc Suipturcdou nolmun.hat tholcg.anttmustbcconlid .. ed, l ccord,ng'o ,hc rrad"iono("""u,lIlOnlof ,he e .. th" but u.cr .. ,h.t ,ho.c whom hc dcflnCl with l uch.n.mebccauuof thccnraordinary .i ze ofthc .. body .... TOg.nc .... dby .ngcl nd ... omcn.Andlul.c.wh .. huby anychancc the mcn who only tah carc of their body and no,ofthctr l oul ITc.i milar '0 ,he Ncphilim and at tl>e ... me tlme . O .hOK g,an .. who wc .. born from theurth according to thc.alu of thcpoctl .nd dClplled the authority of the god. by confiding in.hc huscnc .. of ,hci r hod).Mult w. rcallyconl ldcr udifietcn. from gl.nu ,hou mcn who .. cycn though they arc compo.cd of body and loul,dclpiu the mo'p .. doul good of the lOul,that i ., th. """"yo(.hc mind.andshow,hemlclvCl , o b.,mltalor, of ,hi, flClh. a. ifconfirmingtha, ,hr wcnh .... of ,hettownmoth.r"l fool" h. nc ... " They only I<rugglc in ... h.nth.y bo.liue ,hat th' r will conquer.hc huven with .hci.bolddutrulnd.hctrtlrthlracti"m ... On the contrary, by choo.tng a lowcr w.y of lif nd dcopi.ing the highcr lifc. the)' arc con. dcmnedwithSca, .... vcri'j' ''ndtcr"rc gui!t y o(volun,ary ,in . ON NOAN a.I." STIl.NCTH E u CI TIA .... oo .... Cl.B .. SILTHl GlluT:S.rcngthof .rm,.",innclSoffoo. lnd comcli nu.ofbody-thc,poil,of.ickn . .. and the plundcrof.ime-al l<) awakcn prid. in m.n, una ...... u hc to .h .. "AII ncsh " gtUO .nd.Uthcgloryof man u rh.no",."of.h( fldd. Th( gt",, ;1 withered and the nOWet i. fallcn:" Suchwuth(arrogancc ofdtc,ian .. bcc.ulcof.hclf .. rcngth."Suchalso ...... . h" God d( fyi ng ptide ofdt .... itl(" Golt .. ,h." HOM1 LY'O,OfHuMILITl"." ""FC1 ... 7'i."Ariowo ................. _ ... ,- -----.,. ......... .. -... -- -...p........-.: ..... .. _o.,.. ""' .. ..-dot .. e..t.-z.... .... -. ..... .-.,.d.,. .......... daboIu ......... ,... .. .w .......... '7tw.r...Iu'-'<. Eo.. ''PlloUlS,CSE!.J2..4IL '10-. "G.. ... :w .. , .. '"1_1''''1(1. 6 :; 7 THE LORD DECIDES TO PUNISH H UMAN WI C KED NESS LO&l> "'" lb. of ... ", ,r."t In lb " nb. Ib"l IIII"g;' In. "fb" b,,,rt wu .vil '",,' inwa/ /J' Ana Ih, Lo .. " "'". 'a,,] Ih,,: ", had m"d. man on Ih, t a.lb, it gri. vt d bim ID hi l h."r:. 'S" Lo.n .aid. "/ "'ill bl"r " .. : mu ",;,on I c,.IIled f rom jQc, of lb. "'" ... nd it.",; Qnd Hrt!,i"E OVuvII "" Aner the union of the Ion. of Scth with the daugh.enofCain, the wicked neuofhumanlcind incrcase. {EpH ..... }. ln hi. condcmnauon of hutnMlity God lhow. bo.h sohc"ude and .. verity {S.uvl""THll'auav T .. ). Godlanger.CJ<p. c .... was "'''y .hat he had man: 'mplies no incon"ancyorpenurbuionin.hedivine mind. God doe. no. Ttpen. as humin beingl rcpcllt.God.nnouncc heduthof.h.ani mal . wh,char. no.guiloyof.in.c,!hcr,n ord.r ' od.d.rt .... m.:rgn" .. deof.hecoming d'lUter (AUGUST"'.) or beu ... e .hou who h.d been udru.vdy.rca.ed for th .... kc of m.nh.d toper i.h with him {A .... osl}. 6,5 The WiCkednw of HMlllanif)' Was GrUf CONUQUINC;U OF THB UNION BBT"'. '" THISONiO,S.TH .. NOTHI D .. UGHTI I S O.C .. ,N.E.H .... THISYIO.'AN'Af.erMoscs lpoke aDou, the millh.y men' ",ho_rebotn ill.o .he tribe oreain. whon women . v.n though beautiful, ..... r. nev."hele,,"mall .. ,llIn.he lon.of Selh.hethen l lid. neLord .... ' .h ... he wicked ne" of man wu grul in .hcu"hand.ha vetyind,nationof ehe .hough" of hIS hun was .I> .... yl .vil: (or in .hY .... g'ven.oth.mfo ... pen'.nc. ' .h.y h:odincr .... d,h.it.in . Th.w;ckcdneuof mank,ndwugrc .. ,inth ... rth,,b., , cvil utend.d.nd.pread throughout Doth rho .rib . Theindm.tionofth.though .. of thcirhurllw .... I .. .y. cvi1."for,h.".ino wercno,comm,tt.donlyoccalionally, but .h.""n . ... er.in ...... n,,N,Sh ndd.vtner wouldno,deai"from.hitwickcd,hough" CO .... . "'TAU ON GBNOS' S 6.6.1. ' GOD'.C ..... SO O .. .. NDSllv 'TT TOW .. . DHu .... NS' N.SALV' .. NT" .P.BUV. Tu,ulu.con.idcrhowbo,b,h.Jol'Cl'ud. and le"eri'yof ,htLoTdar< .how".qulllyin all thut wordl. F'r$t, he oaid,'And God ,, th .. , tht w.ck.d"e" of man ,,'U grut . Sec- ond,hc ... d,H .... a ouchedin"-ardlj'w;th ... rro .. ofbun."Thi rd.J will de ... o), m.n whom I h.""crulCd.Jn ,h. fir.,.ut<mtn" wh.r.'n" ..... id(h.,God .. uoll,h,"g . h provid.n".JClTti hown.ln,hc.tat.men, ,h.,h.h,"lorro ... i hownh, .oo1r dt .. d. .mid.he drcld of hi. wrath. Th tatem.n: IDout h .. pun'"hm.n'.hm.,.hilnv.rttj ... j .. dgc.HolrScriptun ... y . Godrepenred .hat he had m.d. m.n on urth:Th" dM. no,meanlh.,Godi.aIT .... dbj' fmo.ionOr i. l ubJCC'!.o lnYf>l .. ion.R.,hcr h.D,Y,II. Word.,o,mp"nmortfullj',ou"'ru.under .unding of ,hc Scriptu ... , lpeak.u if ' in term.o( hum.n.mo,ionl. l)y ,u,ns,ir.,e,m '<p.n,an, God." ".howl ,h. fOTr. of God', r ./,,,,,on.God.angcr i ., mp1r , b.pun,.h. men. of ,he .. nncr. Go ... ....... OF GOD '.7: GOD', ANGU.I .. . LIU ND P . ... T..,lI; ... Of n i B Dr .. , .. M ' ND. AUGUSTI".: Gad. '''g. ' ,mpl nop<'"utb .. ,ono(th.<i'l',n:
.en.cncc on IIn.And ... hcn GodF,hlnlu and .hcnha ... condthoughu:.hi.rnutlrrnun h ch.ngcabl. rcali,i comeintonlatlon with hi. imrnuuble reason. Fo. God cl nno' -ropen.:alh .. rnanbcing ... pent,ofwh he has done. lincc ,n rog d '0 everything hi . Judgrncn.i.asfiudashi.fo.el<nowlcdvi. dcu . 6u.i.i.onlyby.hcUlcof.uchhurn.n ""pnu,onl .hll Scnp.ure can m.h III man) lundlof ruden",hom i, ,,,.n,".ohclp,of1. aI"wert,a,home.Only.hulcanSe,'p.ure f.ightcn.hcp.oud.ndarou ... he.lolhful, provoke in'l .. iric nd provide food for the convlnced. Tbi .il pouibl.onl)wh. nScril'. ru.egell.ighldowntothelcvtlof.htlowlt. eJt.uden. C'TToFGoDIS.1S.' WHY Do .. GOD A .... ou .. c;. T .. , O, .. TH OF THIA"'MAL.IAuGusTI .. r:'WhenGod announce hedu.hofallanimal. onth ... "h.nd,n,h ir.lhcinren"oni od.clarc rhcm.gnitud.ofthccomingdi .... cr. Tbcrcil ,;onal.nimal. u ohough oh.,. wuc guil,y of lin.C'TTo.GoD'SlS" OUTIOT' D Bac ...... T HIT H"D B .. . TJ.AM,"oSl: FI",illblotoutmanandb ... u .ndcrcepingthing ndbi.doofrhc.ir: 'Wh.r,ranlgrcuioncouldoh.irnuonalcrco tu.u n ... Bu .,nCe they had bc<:n ....... dfor.hcuktofman . fte hatfot whom.heyh.dbecncr",redwuwipedou n ...... logicllthlf.hcy ... ercd .... oytdroo, bcclultthc.cwunoone whocouldp.ofi. from them. Tbi. i. aUo clear in I dcepu Itn.e.Mln i rnindcndowcdwith'CllOn. Man ildefined u. li.ing, mo,ul and rauonal bcing.'When he, who is the princip.al elernen di"'pp"'"n.ueryupeClofltn.iblclift:aUo dt"pp"'"n.O .. NOAH 4.,0.' n0'l .... .,onhercof puni.h,ngwi.hd ... hi ... 6:8 10 NOAH IS A RIGHT EOUS MAN IN A CO RR UP TED WORLD ' B.II NOllh' in tht tJt' oftht LOIlD. t Tbeu IIrt rht g,nmlliO"1 of NOli},.' NOli}, ' IVIII G .it bttOIlI man, bla ... dW-.n billt"- m.llo,, Koa'" IVGlired will,' God. IOlL nd NOG'" bGd Ihfte 10"1, Sbell:, HGm,' lIndJaphetb. O"n., , ... , No.h"trtu h,n .. Ih.ough Ih. TO .. }. Nolh".1 pc.fe u fie .. ''''!cn' of ",,,iup.cad ' 0"'''1',"0", of nil urn.,. Ih. CIty of God can be. pcrft:ct due,ng ,n." pi! . grimage in this prcs.n, .. "hly lif. {AIJGus, TINB). He was pi"u. by his own choiu al" rim. when the obstad 10 virtu. were many (CNIOYSO!lTOM). 6,g9NoAhFOMndF<lvoTwirh rh. Lord NO .. H'. V, lt.TOB IN HIS COlt.BOPT!!!) T ... u . CHlt.YSOSTOM:Th.Scriptu ... hav hownus th.gravi,yofhumanwick.dne .. and th. ."veri,y of ,h. puni.hm.nt that had to b. inl1i",.d on i,. They th.n po,nt out to n.<.h. onewhoamid.uch.multitudehadbeenablc to k""p".ince .. yir",e.Virtue in facri.admi. rabl ..... nfori .. e!f.lf . om.on. culti,u .. vi. tu. among ,ho who.du it. h. mak .. it much mO worthy of admi,ation. Th.refore ,heScriprures.uthoughinadmira,ionofthi, JUII man. poinl Out ,hccont.ur: . hOl only on. man who,, .. !ivingamongtho.cwnoso-on would nperi.nce the wrath "fGod"his N""h.-foundfavo,.,n the.y of,h. Lord God.- H."foundfavo,:bu,""hceyesof God;nol.imply" hefoundfavorbuI"inth. cy<sofrne LordGod:Thi. i,nid in order '0 sho'"u. that be had a.ingle purpo . ,hat i . ,oMprailedbyth"eyc.hatncvcrsl p.ot r<:s .. , Hc had nOcarc for human glory or scorno,irr.".rence.HoM,", uoNGi>lU'S 1>< WHAT AUGUSTINE SpcakingofNo.h.our unerring Scrip,ur reil us that nc",..as.just "nd perfecr in hi. genera<ion: meanins ,hat h. wu pcrfect ".fatuci.izen.of,hecit)'ofGodc.nb.pcr. fc"during,n.pilgrim.geofthi,p .... n,life. no' . of .. c ... p.de<, .. tn.), are to h. If. thatimmortallif.inwhichrhcywillbeup.t f." u .h. ang.b of God. C'T\' OF GOt> No .. " P, OUS "y H,. TOM: Do you sec how th. Lordcreadou. n",urc loenjo)'frccwiU'lmean, howdidil h.ppcn.tcllme . harwnil.thol.peoplc .howeden'hu.iasmfor .. ickedn .... nd.cn d .. ed,hclJ\Jol" li.bletopuni. hm.n,.thi. m.noprcdforv",uc . hunnedas.ocia,ion wi,h,n.mand,hu.fel,no.ff.ofpuni.h men,! 10 " nOl e'y". l d ,hal each p ... on cho .. wickedne .. or virtue of his own volo 'ion:\"ou .... if.ha'w .. cnol 'h.n nd fre.domdidnotnav.; .. roo .. ,nooc pcople would not hav.be. n puni.hcd. norwouldo,hc ... ueivc .. ,..ardfor,hcir.ir me. Sincc, how."cr,every,nmg ha.b.cn allow.d '0 remam with our choice owing 'o gracc from on high,puni'hmcnt duly "",.ito tne .inn .... andreward.ndrecompen tho who prae,icc"iffue-. HOM'"'esO'"GE"!SI S llS ' I" NO .. H S OAU iT WAS EXTIlBMBL\' D,PF, "tiLT TO lh Ih ..... uSS.CHIl .. OSTOM Tnercfo.e.inprai.eofNoah.S<oriplurcno, me .. ly .. n.dhim-bl.mel ... butadd.d '''mong ,ne men of his day'fo make it clear tha, n. "'u.o al ,h., ,ime when ,heob".d .. ,0vinueweremanj".Buidc$,0,hcrmcn",e .. Hluotrious afr h,n'., yet he will h nO I ... p.ai than they. For h. was blamc1 ... ,n hi. own ,im . HO""llU O"JOH" 71.' 6:11-16 GOD ORDERS NOAH TO MAKE AN ARK UNolI' 'ht tar,h was <OHlIpl ill God'ssigh'. and 'ht ear,h was fined wilh vio/tna. llAnd God sail' 'ht tarth. and bthold. i, was corrupl; for all fltSh had corrllpud 'htir waJ UpOIl 'h, utlh. IJ Alld Cod said 10 Nooh. "/ hnt .:IlItrmillt.:l.o mAftr An en.:l of All fltSh;' for Ibt tor,h isfillt.:l ",i,b VIO/tllct 'brougb ,hem; htbold. I will .:Itl"O] ,hem w;,b 'h' 'Arlb. " MakeJourltljan ark ofgopb" wood;' mAk"ooms ill ,btArk. on.:lcovtT 11 insid, andOMI wi,b pi"b. uThis is bow JOI/ art '0 make il; tb, leng,b of ,b, ark ,h,et bundrrd c"hlll. ;11 brradlh fiJ'J c"bill, and ill "tigh, ,hiTIJ ubill. '"Make a roof' fOT Ih, ",1:: . and finilb a <"bi,abov,; and It! 'ht door oftht ark ;" i'llide: make it wilh lower, second. alldthird dttlu. Ov v, .... , of the 00111 of Soth. after bc:ing abandoned b)' ,h.ir hUlband$. who marricdthdaugh .... ofCain.lo.e thdt modnt y. 10 that".1I f1uh coirup.ed in path"
corruption GD<I dec;d.d tOcaun a f100<! and dc"rorallmcnucep,fo,No.handhllfam- il)' {AOOUS1"' Nlj. Th. dimcn,ion. III ,h. Icng.h.bread,h and h.igh, of .h r!r..wh,ch GD<lordcnNoah.obuild.h." myltical mun,ng 0 ""')' n. arl.:. in iu differ.n' UpCctl.aymboli%<IJUUiChrillandhll church (AUOU5TINI). ALLFuIHCO .... U.T. D.E.H ..... TN. Sy .. .. goingin'o th.Qaughl.uofCam thd,foral wiv., whom'''e,. had provioualr uk.n.T".n.h"'.wlV oo.d"daln.dth.i. ownconun.ncrandno,,.bc:cau.eof.h<:i.hu.s. u. ndJ.qu,dtlrbcgan ro.banQon thc" mod c,,,. ,,;"Ucn up until th.: time th' r h.d for husband.s$ak(. lr ,$ bc:c.unof,h,$ wantonnco.thal ....
"Allfl .. i .. pa,h:Co ..... NT ... 1" O",G'NIS, s6.).).' GOD CoNOI .. N, HU .... NITY .0 .. V.'t eE'D- Hus.AUGUST' WE:Som.bocIr may oay'o m . "W .. Ad.m, cr .... d by God as ,h. fin. ",.nin th.original 1< ... of.h .... o.ld. con dcmn.dfo,l.ckoff.i,horfor,in!" I, ,,uno.increduli,) bu,disobcdicnce ,ha, ... .. ,h. eau .. fo.hilcond.mn.l1on and tn .. onwhy.lIh;.po .. eritrarepun;ahd. C.in ,GQw'Icondemn.d.not for lock of r.i,h hut Mcau .. he l.:iIl.d hi. broth ... Vlhyncedln.kfurtherproofwh.nlrcad .ha'.hi.whol.world ,,ud .... incredu];tybu,forwick.dn.u.CHu'T' .. " LIFEt).' 6:14IIIJtrllcr;o"JforMakj"gt/,tArk MYSY'CAL MBAN'NG OF YKB D,MBN8,ONS YKII AR". JUO .. B: W. read in Gene.i. har.neark.hatNoanbuihwaothre.hun d .. d cubi .. long. fift)' cubits wide and IhiTfj' cubiu hign. Notice,nemy .. ical.ignificanc. , of.h.numbe ... lnthenumberfifrj".pen. anai ymboliudbec.u.etnefi ftieln pulm of King D.vid i.th.prayerofni. cepentancc. ' Three nundred contain.th. .ymbolofcrucifi xion.TneletterTi.,he "gn foe tnree hundred. wnence Ezd,ielsay . ' Mad, THAV on .n. fo hud of ,ho who mOan: and do not kill any marked with THAV: No on. marked wi,h ,h ign of the crosoonhisfoTCh.adcanh'''rud,hy,h. d.vil:h.i$ not.hletoeffae.,hi ign.onlr .in can.Weh.v poken of rh. ark. of the number fiftj. ofth. numb.rlhre. hundred. LCf uscommc", on,hc number thirtj" buau ,h.ark ...... thirtjcubitohigh.nd fini.hed.bove in one cubi"Firot,w, repen, i",henumbeefif'l:,h.n.,hroughp.nance. w. arnve ,It the my .. ec), of.h cross: we reach the my.t.c), of th. cro through th. !,.rfcct Word tha, i.Chri".A m.tterof fac,. when Je.u. ,,'u b.ptized. according to Luk . h.w .. ,hirtrr .. of .g.: Th ... um.thic'lcubiuw.rcfi nl $h.doffon. cubit.bov . Fiflj.andlhreehundred nd d,irtr ..... r. fini.h.d.bov. in on. cubit. ' ,hat i . inon. f.ithofGod. ' HOMll.IuS4. ' THRAll" AS .. SnnoLoFCHR'STANOHIS CHURCH. AuGIIST'NE;Undoub,.dlj'the.rk is a s),mbol of the <i.)" of GO<! on i,. in ni'tor)'. It IS. ,no: " . , saved by ,,",oodon which th.T< hung ,h. M.dia,o, betwe.n G"" and m.n. him.df mar..jnu, ,h. vu)' m'''uT< menuofl.ngth.heightandbreadthof,heack ar< mean'fopoint to the reali.y of the human bod),intowhithhec.meaait..-uforClold that he would come. \t will be recalled th., th. length of. nocmalbO<!yfcomh d to foot i .ixlime.th.breadthfromone.ide,othe oth.rand",n time. th. thitkne .. from back to fron,.M.a.ur.amanwhoi.l)'ingonth. g".ound ilh.rproneor.upin . Hei ix tim as long from head '0 foot.s hei . wide fromlefl,o righ,orrigh,toleft,andh.i.",n tim as longas hei.high from ,he ground up Tha, i, why the .rk was mad. th.ee hundred cuhiuinl.ngth.fiftj"inbr.adthand,hirtj' ,n heillh,.Asforth.doorinth id . ,h ... uTcl). .ymbolize. ,he open ,,",ound made by ,h. lance in,h id.of,h.Crucifi.d-,h.dooebj .hos. who to him enter m. in .he ,"n.efhatb.hevec ofth. <acram.m. that i .. uedfrom that wound. It,. .. order.d th .. the ar k I>e mad. ou,of'quared,i mb.rs-a'ymbol of the four .quar .... hiliryof.holylif which.lik cuM . und.firmhoweve,i, .. ,u.ned.Soi,i, "",,,h.v.ryo,herdetailof,h.a,k.consnuc. tion.'O Theraceall . ymbolsof.omcthmgin thethnreh.CtTYOFGoPJ$.!(i. " 'v......u,-alJbi>ioal ........... .,...ondi<ot.-, .. th<F ........ "Th<""'r-li ... ,pW"' ...... __ .... u:x. "Tnww. 'n.wJn-omt'-"P"V"""'" ..... 1'<f'<I''''''' ... r.. ... ''',J..'_'''th< ... m''''' .. w ........ ........ theatl<,Al ........ ..i.e,_ ... """"'rtI<UI""" .... .. ......w...,""" ........ """' ... """ ...... """'llthe...;,.ChnIfwl ... n' .... wiIo!OOl:, . .. . ...........,oho, ....... """I...-...-n.." .... F""F"rir ... ""' ...... aIi<py,;,." .. bo&r ofG.n. d.w '" the .... 6:17-22 GOD INSTRUCTS NOAH TO BRING HIS FAMILY AND TWO OF EVERY SO RT OF ANIMAL IN T O THE AR K " Fa.lrtl,old.J",illlorillg"flol>dof"''' ltfl wpalllbtr .. rlh,lodwr''1''Ufl',b,n",/,irbllfbt Io"",h of lift fro,., .mdt. I,e"ven; tVU,I";ng 11, .. 1;, 0" lI,t r""b 11,,,// " Bw. J ",illtll""_ li,I, my cotle""nl ",ill, YOII; .. nd YOIIIl, ,,11 Comt i"l o lI,t "Tk.JOII .,OIl. ,011' wifc. ""d 'OIlT ",iVtl ",,11, JO ... " And of Cvt"living fb"fg of "u flub, ' Jail 11,,,11 brin: I11'o I>f tvtrJIOTl "nolbt .. rl::.loltttP l bt m"lw(",ill,JolI: Ibc,lb"Ub.m"lt"ndftm .. !r. IGOflbt birdl .. "".dinglolbrirltind! ... ndoflbt .. nim .. l!""ord;nglotb.i .J.indl.ofrtl"JfTttping tbing of'br , ... wnd ""o.din: 10 it! J.ind, IWl> "fHer] lOTI lb,,1I Comt III 10 JOw. 10 kCCp Ihcm "I,tlc: II AIJO I"kc ""Ib '0" cve.] 11>.1 of food 11,"1 i! uun. and no it wp; "nd It sb"l1 unt A!foodfo. JOu ""dfo. Ibtm:Z1No .. b' did Ibis; br did ,,11 Ib"l God co",,,,,,nd .! him. ur_oI ..... ___ ... _ ... -'oI .... _-'oI .... LU_ .. -'_ ur,. O" ... ",.w, God .nnounc., that h. will wuh ."-." wllh,,u.rlh.,,n .,fth.w.,rld {)oHt< Of O ... M ... SCUS). The word. - I .... m ublllh ",). co".nan, withyou- .. c.ddru.ed ,,,all , ho who ... flgh,cO"I(AM.ROSI}_ GO<Iin.trllctJ N""h,ob .. ngin.o,h rkhi.f .... iI,.N""h h.p. h, l.on p.ral.dfromth.i.w, ....... lha"hu"'yc.nb'prcurvcdlh,o"ghout,hc d.I",. {JON" Of O ....... scus). Noah aliO c.i .... ,h.ord ... "bring''''oof .... ,., '''nof anim.I. ,n,o,hearklnd,o .. o.efoodfo.,h. petlodof,h.dd"se {Au<:u5T, ... }.nd,okup ,hemaJive ( EPHUM}. 6:17-E,'.ryll/i"g Th .. 1 Is 0" tl/rE4rtb 5h4I1D;." Goo \\ U NU AW,\T TH. o. S' ...... ,THW.T .... .. 5CUIi: p'."ofGod ... o .. ed :.;;: ., rlh. wa .... :' and., .. u.nd.gamSCt>p_ .1I ....... ifi .... o.h.f.c.th.t .. a' "pll.ify_ ing.hwu ... ilhwat.r'hatGO<I .. -aoh.d ...... " th. "n ofth.wo.ldinlhedm .,fN.,.h. OIlTHOI)OX F""TH 4.9 ' 6: 18 Th. w"h No"b T HU" WoaDI ADoauno TO TJt B R' CH- TIOUI.A"uOII:Evcry .. .. w'lh,h.dcl"gc andonlr,h.r'gh,eou.li ... for.ver. Thw ,he word, - I will ublilh"'r c"".nln,,,,"h y",,-are addrcucd ' 0 ,h. "gh- ,ro",.H.;llhehclrofd,v'neEnc . ,her.c,p- '.ntof lheh ..... nl yi nhcritana.a.ha.erof 'hc .. No..,' K .... H a So .. , SIIPA'LlTIID FIlO .. TH.,. W' VIl.JOH .. O.O ...... scul:\\!hefl N<lt ... .. ai wilh ,he eanh. he w ... giyen th .. eommand, which r .. on., your wife afld your lon" ",wu," H. "'I'", ... d ,hemf.omth.i.w;veo,lo,ha,w;th,h.hdp ofch""'y,h.ym,zhte",apeth.oc .. fI, del',hlafld,h .. worldwided uuctiofl 0IlTHODoxF .. ,TH4'S" 6:1921 Two Tbi"g GOD 0.0 , No .. .. TO BIl ING COUPUI A .. ... .. u INTO TOI l Au:.AUGUST'NE: A furthe''1u.ltlon uk.d by th. curioul con ce.n.thOulln)cr ...... ' maU.'ev.n,han miceandh: .. d . uchulocu.n.beed . n .. , and.y.nn ..... W.n:the..,nOtmonofth.oe ,n ,he ark thin th. "umbe. pr.scrib.d by God! Thos.,.,ho r .... th .. difficulty mu .. fi .. t be rem>nded ,hat ,he word.",hlt creep on ,h. earth"i mplr th.t there .. as no need to preury.ifl ,h rk Inimall that liY ith.rin th. ",a, lik. fi.h oron ,h. "' .. er .... ceruin b .... h do. S"cond. th.,.,ord.$mal. and femlle' 'mply'harth ..... unon d,oluy.in,h. arkJuchan,mal.u ..,nOlborn,nrheno.mal "rbU1popuJatefroml'""ido.inan;ma .. malte,. I O,ifrh.y ...... ,ntheark, rheycould h.,.beenthe .. u,hr .. 'nou,hou .... and no[,nanrddin".numbet.Onth.orh .. hand,if , h ... c.edmy ... ryth.,waoth.re be,ngen.cttddemandeddowntothelu: numbe.of nonmarinelnimal" h.pe.f. " accordofaymbolicfigu ... ndhlltoricalfact , thenGodtookc.reof,hll,nhi.ownwa,.and didnotl .. GOD,S,';, K ... T .. ... Au ... .. E' ...... T .. BSYIl' .... : Onthafaam.day.l. phant.cam.fromth. ea .. , ap ... nd pea(ockoapproac:hed from th. louth,oth.ran;malsgl1h.,. dfromlh. well . .nd still hall.ned 10 com. from north. Lion. came f.om rhcjungl .. ,.nd wild bc .... arrived from the" I., ... Oe.r.nd wild HO c.m. f.om the" l."d.,.nd .he moun ;n beaJtsga.hered from thc"moun .. in . \Vhcn.ho ofthl,g.n ... "ongath.rcd [.o ,ce] .hi. novel "gh,." wll no but rather 10 .mu.l" ,h""""lvu. ,n rh." very p nc. the lions began '0 cn,crth k, ."d Ih. bulls, with nofea"hu i.d ,n "ghf on the" h.el. 10 Ic.krio.lr.rw;th the lton . Thc
7:15 SEVEN PAIRS OF ALL CLEAN ANIMALS AND ONE PAIR OF ALL UNCLEAN ANIMALS Iht LOIUI soid 10 NOllb, "Go inlo Ibt ork. JOu lI"d 0/1 Jour bONltbold. for I Ittn rb4! JOu 4rt rigblto .. , Ittfort m. ,11 Ibil gUI,rlllion, l Tokt will. JOu I.V,,, p4i.s' of 1111 dun onimllll, Ibt mill . IInd bil mlllt;' lI"d a p"ir of lb. ""imols 11.41 tr. ,,01 lb. molt .. "d I." "'''I';' ' u d Jtv.n pairs' of tbt blTd, of Ibt oir IIlso. mill. lI"d f.molc! 10 krrp Ibm k,nd alivr upon lb. faer of all Ibe .ar/b. 'For in daJ' I will "".1 roin upon lb orlb forrJ dtJs and forlJ "'ghl l; ""d rvt'J I,v'''g Ibillg' Ibllr I modr I will biOI 0111 f rom lb. faIT of lb. grollnd." ' And No"b" did ,,11 Ibal lb. LOIW 1.".1 ,ommandrd him. "=- "=.- .. - 1 O ...... 'HW' "'hen God command. No;oh 10 i. in Ihe bod,.1f Ih. mInd .. <"'1311' h. j 1o,n, 0 .hca,k:bt lymboh,.Urcommandl th.rlgh'eoul to kth<"uth.wh,ch . mid ,bt dcJugt of paulono. wi1l dlrcn him to u1 vallon.Th. numb. " leven and ,woof the p.inofclunandundeananimabrecelved h.ptlnCLplCJofpcr f,(1I0n and Impuf .. "on (A .. 8IlQU). The ark r.uiying clean and undean animab prdig. urel lhechurch, whoc h allo",.lhou whoarc unc1ean '0 dweU u tareo "'ith th. clean onc. brrcasonof . oleranc.andnolbccaunofa , 0,alfa'lurcofdlsciphne(AUGusTI ... ). God dca,I)'lhowl ,h<pcoplcofNoah" tnera. tion Ihu Ih. d.lu," ".boul tn (Om . but they do no: rcpcn' (E ...... >; .. ). 7:13 God Tt/[,No,bfoGo,lIfolbtArk houleLlufc;thelou1i llafeiflh.loulil un;njurcd: Ihc n .. hal", ,. un;njured. A ,cm pc.ue mInd ' UI.a,nl <Y .. y pauion. (ontrob Ih en.el ,rultllh.wordl.Thcrefor.God juulrnyl tothcrighlCouI, "Goinlo:lhalil. go.n.oyour.elr.ln,oyourm;nd.,n Ihe rill 1 I ouu,dethu<udangu.lnlru.hif youhn< bnninlid ynuar<",f.out , id.too,bccauu whcnth.m",d,. th."r.'ghtforwardg"i"e of the nlf. the Ihoughn arc righunu the actiono arerigh,eou . l f noviccoblCure. lhe mind. the ,bollghu u ... lllrwonh,. 0 ... NOAH.L.)! .' S ..... O LlS .. OF P .. , .. , OF Cu ... ", ..... 0 U .. C L ...... AN ...... U. A .... ou, U, U.IU MU"'NG OF THi \Vo .. ","Go no,, why ;1 "'''" n,duedtha. , n male. and ''''TO A .. ,, ; A .... ost: B .. , a d.ep.r .e.en femalu of dun anImal . andt ... o mal m .. iud. u. 10 b.lIevc ,ha, Ih ".nglh and two fe mal .. of undean ono, we .. rtcelved of ,hc m,ndi n,hc.oul andthc.oul,nthe _dYllwhallhcfatherof"famiJrio,nhi. nou . \Vh. , Ine mInd 11 In th oul.th oul
.. rth might be nourished. And. ao I bclieve. it i. said that. dean week begins. since pure and
and genera,ed by no number. There- fore i, is uid '0 be virgin. because i'g.nerate. nothing from iuelf. and we ma)' add tha, thi. i,uid with goodreaJon.Jincei,i. lacking and immune (corn maternal childbirth and (corn in<cou ... with femal . Th. number tWO. on the other hand. i. no, fullbecau.e iti. d;vided,andwha,i.no, full hu.om. void in iu.lf. Bu,.h. number s.v.n i. full. becau the week is like ,h. decade and i. similar to that principal numher. becau.e the alpha i. similar to th.t On. who alway. exi .... Fcom him ,he virtu tha, are inever).pecie. tak. their origin. andh)' him they aTt moved. ON NOAH T H B A" " AS CHIllST. A'" CMU"CH. AUGlIST'NE: Le,u. recognize that th ,kp"' figur.d the church. Let u. be the d.an be.St. in it. Yet 1 u.not refu.e to allow the unclean oneo fO be carried in it wi. h ,,. un.il the end of ,he deluge. Th.y w.r. together in the ark. bu. thel' were not'<Juallr pleasi ng to the Lordas. UvOt ofucrific for afte, . he del uge. Noah
unclean. But th rk "'u no, on.ha, aCC<lun. .handoned b.fore.he time b) an)' of th. d .. n bec,uoeof,he unc!ean.L'TTuS , 08. ' THES.N""" Is RBCIIVBD liT RIIASO'" OF TOLB"A",c,.AUGlISTtNE:B)"hisprd'gura t ioni,i.prophuied that in the church ther.
becau.e ofcoTTup. ionofdoctri neordissolu tion ofdiociplin . Furthermore. 'he undun .. " imal,did nOt hrcak their ",ay in.o ,he ark through anypartof,hest,ucture. hu,hecaus. integral ",hol . ,hey.n,credh), theone .. ndo"l)'.ntr.n",h",he."hi .. "
7:4-5 NOllh Did AI the Lord Co"''''"nd. d Go" SHOWS THATTHBDnuGB Is CO",' NIi . EPHU", Snu.N: God granted one hun d .. dy ... rswhil.th.ark",a$b.ingm.d.,o th.tgencution ndllm,h.ydidno,repent God,ummonedbusts,ha,theyhadnever .. n and uill th.j' , howed norcrnOrS<, H. c ... hli.hed ... ateofp.",. berw.enthepd a,oryanimalo and ,ho.e who a pr.yed upon, .. nd Ilill ,hey had no ...... God dclar.d Y" $even more day. for ,hem . ven .f .. r No.h and eoery creature had entercd.h. ark, leav- ing ,he g ... of.h. ark open to ,hcrn.This i wondrou.thi ng that nO lion remcmbtrcdits jungl. and no of he a., or bird .. d ill cu .. Although ,ho.eof .ha, generationsa,,.lIthatw.ntonoutJid.and in$id.th.ark.thcy ........ iIlnotp ... uad.dw renounce .. d . Co"'MBNTARyON
'PL1.,197,CSELIZ.<lJ7,'FCI&lJ4.J7."FCZ13Q-31 'FC9U.o(J 7,69 NOAH GETS READY FOR THE COMING DELUGE ,ix yurl ord ,he }lood of '"'''' WpOIl th. unh. ' And No"h "nd hil IOnl "lid hi, lIIif' "lid lonl' him lIIenl in,o 110, arlr.. 10 u'''P' ,he "'''ttTS of Ihe }lood. ' Of dUll ui",,,IJ, "nd of "n;",,,1I 110", "re nol dun. "nd of hird,. "ndof'Utr]lb'"glbQ' "rep' Oil Ib,trownd. ' ''ltO ""d,,,,,,. "''''' "ndf,m"le. "'enl inlO,b. "rk 111;,10 NOQb. '" God had <ommuded NOQb. O ......... ,.w,Noahp,.figu, .. Chri ... ndth. wood afth. ark the ""'" wh,m carri .. '" '" d.h""r.ancc.Thef..milrofNo..hintheark .... , pr.figur.auon of&:hc ChnJllan church (Aucus TlN. j. I,,&:hc.rkrru:nandwom.na ..... p ..... ,.d. and dUhmc rul ... ob ...... d in ,h. church in Npdlm (C'lOJl.oFJEIt.IISAI.I Mj. 7,79 No .. b, Hi, F"mily "nd 'h. Alli mols EnltrthtArk NOAHANOTHIA."'ASS"UOUO. C .. . UTA .. OTHINAT' O .... AuCIIST' .. B Chd .. wual"'''prescn .. d,nN""h.andth. warld.,n that .. k. Fo,why ..... all IIYlIIg c, .. ,u, .. lhu, upinth.,.rkexcep, . al ignify all the nuianl! Far God did nOt lICk Ih. cap . bililj'ofcrullng.n.,,.v.ry lpee;ei of living Ih,ngl.Forwbennocreatureiw.re,nui.I .nc didhenol",)."Letth ... rthbring forlh"'andlh.eanhbroughlforlh!Sofrom th .... m .... "rccuh.m.d.,h.mlh.n. h. could remlke ,h.m. God mode ,hem by a word .... God could remake .hem by. wa,d. T .... CTATU O"T". GO.PBLO.JO""9.H.: : THII CHII"C .. H' j Fu.,u.AuGUSTINE: \Vu na, Na.h. holr man. who alone in ,he whole ract ,og .. herwilhhilwhol.hou"d."ry.dloh< dd,y ... dfromlh.flood'Andilnollh.
M .. I< A .. DWa .. . " Mun Bs KIIPT SIIPA. .... T. ' " C" UIICH.CYI.'lOFJ ... hil.wa'''ngfa
h. a,h.rI. lel men be with men Ind women wllh wom.n. For now I n.ed Noah', ark , h., I marhly.Naahandhil ... no,og .. h." .. p" ruefrombilwife.ndhi,.onlw,vu.Fot .llhough the .. kw",on.lnd.bedoo, "'1. cl"ICd.y .. deco,umwuob,.,v.d.So no .. .hough Ih. church doo ..... barred and are.Uinlid I.tdlltinct;anlb.kcpt: m.n with m.n, wom.n with women. Le! not the
'pi.ilUallicenlC. KcepingclolC'''I hcrlll good rule. proy;ded . hlt palllOIl "kep'." di .. ance. CnlcHn,cuLBcTuau,. 7:10 16 GOD CAUSES RAIN TO FALL FOR FORTY DAYS AND FORTY NIGHTS 'OAnd af,n uv.n daY' Ibr walrr, oftbeflDod ,,, me upon tbe uT,h. "In Ibes,xbw,,,ircdlbytarojNo,,b's' life. in ,heJCtond monlb.onl beltvenuenlb' d"y of lb. monlh. on ,ho( day all Ibe foun,a;'" of grra' dtcp bll.lt fo.lh, and Iht windowI' of ,lot b."vcrlJ ... ert optn.a. J1 And ,ain ftllllpon Ibt .a,lh jorry a"y, ""a forry nigb'l. liOn Iht vcrys"mr day Nooh ""a his 10"1. Shtm a"d Hom' ""aJophtlh. ana NoahJ "'ift and IhtlhrttWlUtl0fbulons",irb,h.mtnltrtalht",k, ",btJa"dtvcryhtolt ""otaing lom
earlh.",ordingloiu.l:ina. tvtry bird o"oraing 1o ill.l:ind.cvr,y&"aofevtrJso'l. UThry "'.", in/o Ihe "rk ",ilb No"h. IW" "nd 'wo of all fltlh in whi ch therr "'''' ,b. hrto,h of lif. " Ana Ihry 110,,1 enur.d, m"ie .. nd f .... "ie of ,,11 fit,h, w'e" , ,n "I God haa comm .. "a.d him; and ,b,Lo_oshlll in .' OV . .... ' RW: The deluge b)' God demo 'matra,., how h. may ac,,,,ely 'n ....... n. In earlhly dfa,u .... TH, Pau.rru.). God bTlng' un Ih.dtlugc ru. forry d.y, 10 th. , oom.m.nandwom.nmigh,"illr.pcn,and .omehow e".p' the .uin (CHIlYSOITOM). Th. mo,,,h, and yeatS lI ,h. <ime of ,h. d.luge h.v.thc ... medu,orion"ou,mon.h.a .. d rears (AUCUST'N'). Anu ..... rybodyh ... n r.dm ... k.God shuu ,hedoo. from m. ouuid. 1> ...., h. dou not wan, Noah .0 M dJ .... -.:I by me sigh. of .he d,"as,er (CH1t.Y&OSTOMj. Thon who have rnon.obeouuid.rhedooranm ... p ... /Tom b.uk,ng Lt down (EPHU"), Sin< th. iamill' ofNoan ma, .nteU the ark cOllSllU of .. gn'ooull . ..,m.p ... lml ..... nml.dforth. ocu u . .. f .... n.o m.u d (j UO .. I ). God doKd the an:from ""thou," not hy ... witn ... toh;. .Imighf) (jOS1"lN M.UTH). i:1012 Tht Flood Co ... " upan ,b_ Earl b THII DRLUG. Paovu TH.TGOD I"T. '"
And I"C" Ih. foun lainsof th.grca,d pw ... brokcnup . nd .hcfloodg .. uofh v.nw ... opencd.And ,h .... nftllupon.h ..... hfo.lj"dYI.nd rortynighu:And.l"tI.later:Andallfl"h 'n.d .... oy.d.h .. 'mo ... duponl ...... ,h: L And again. "And NOIh onl)' ,emained a!i n Ind.hcrthltwe .. ",,,hh,m,n,hc.rk."' Her. and nO'" J wil h.o alk th.m who call God ,ndiffucn, 10 hum. n Iff .... ",hc,h.r th.) behcv.,ha: ",h"nm.h "hcrc ... d fo, canhlyaff"l'ro or in rv.n.d in Ih.m, Govu- "'ANcaPFGoP '. 1.' W",y 0015 GOD B. , ,,, .. 0 ... THI DILUGI 0. FOITT D ... ,,! CHU.O,TO .. , Tbe fac., ,oo,lhl,hcbrough.onthedclugcforfony daYI .ncl n'ghu 11. furlher wonderful lign of h .. l"",ngkinclnu . Hilpurpo inhil grca. goodnn ........ . ha.lfl ...... om.of.h.mmigh, com o .hctrscn ..... nd.lC.pc .ha"mcr rUln,hav,ngbeforc.hc"YCl.h.lnnihil.,,on of,h."pcc ... ndth.d .,ructlonabou o o".rwh.lm.h.m.l m<an, lhtlihlihood 11 rh on Ih. fir ... d.y IOm. propo .. ;on ..... drown.d,.n.dcli.ionalnum .... ron.h ccond d'y,.ndlik .... i.con,hc.hirdd'jandlOon. H rcllOn for n ndlns It for forty days ... u rh hcmigh.remo".from,hcmanygrounda for UC\I$t. You su, had. "bun hil ""Ih .nd comm.nd,hccouldh.v ubmcrg.d.".ry .h,nsinoncdownpour.Jnll d,ou.officlclity .0 h .. cnarac .. r;lf;c lov. h ..... ng.d for .... )' of", .m.nyd.y HO .. 'LlIIO .. GINU'S DU.A1'IO" Of 1'''' 1'010"'1''' 5 A",n 1''''11;5 AT THIT, ... OFTHIDILU01l.AuGU5n .... ,1t1l nn ... !lm.ln.uminclh vid.nc.,h"prO"CI con,,;ncingly Iha, ,he bibl,eal y .... , 10 f .. from hc,ng onJI' one nlh u lons .. oun, wercprccu.<':Iy .. long ... h. prcs.en, ool.at y .. n.l1", ,,tt,,.of,h"yunu.,,dinglYlng Ihou urr.mcll' long lir pan . It i .... ,d,fot ... mpl.,.hat.ht flood occur .. d in hundr.d.hy.arofNoah' .. lif . Su.no.ic.,h. full ,u,,Tb. ",.1 ... of ,h. flood overflow.d ,hecarrh,n,h.llzhundrcdlhy.uoflh.lif. of No.ah, on ,h. Iccond monln, in Ih. ' ..... n' y .e,.n,hdrofth.monlh:No", .no", worcll art,n.xphc.bl.if'yca,,,uoolhor:.nalit , en of Ihem to mIke One of ou ... Tbll
d.y . callcdayu,in.ndcn ...... gt} either h.d no mon.h. 11 all,or if 11 h.d twcl"c monlh.,.hcn uchmon.hco"lclhuch1dbullhrccdays . Ho .... then, [an .. eJ uplain the wo...u of.he
ondmonlh"nlh.,,,,enry-Ieven.hd.yof.h. mon.h." unlUI ,he mon.h. men ",Ut ,h. lime .. mey ... now! Tbe .. " no om .. "'ay
hlvehad.abcg,nn,ngonth.<wen'y' day of.he.econdmonth. ClTY Of GoP 'S,I .' 7, 13- 16 Tb, Sbut Noa b;" Ib, Ark Goo E""ulI;lS NOAH', W.LL-BII ..... CHU. S05TO .. , The .n'locs on, Th" Lord God .hu b rkf.om.b.ounid . Nouetin,hi. place loo Ih. eonlid.r en ... in,h xp ... lionGod lhutlh .,kfrom,h.outlid.;,o tcach ullh.lh. h.d.n.urcd ,h. good man'. (ompl ..... f .. y,Th ..... onforadd,ngfrom ch.ou."d..oh bu'wUlha,.h.good m.nm'gh'no.Mlnth.pol,,,onof .... ing .h.d'lutcroc(urandluff"."ng."cngrcuer di .. r .... ! mean,ifh.b...,.,d.d over Ihlt tcr ribl.f100dand 'Cli ndcliblyinhll m;ndlh. clCI .. uclionofch.humanracc,.h.complc .. .nnihil .. iono(allb,u .. bca.uand,h.di .... p pcaranc.,II"",cr<,ofpcopl.,animal .. a,," .h.urrh ,.ulf. ht would h'''CMCnd, . ,urbcdand.ng .. "h.d.Ho"'LlIs o"GIN. ' s .. . Goo SHun TH. 00011; To P"'''''''T T .. ou OtlTlIDI'lI;o .. B .. u"",,.,,I,,,.E'HU .. THl ohu: .n.doo,befor. Nnah."len tho.e left behind comeat.hr.ime ofthefloods.ndbreakdown.hegateoftbe ark.Tbedtlugec.me.nd"Godblouedoul.1I fle.h.OnlyNoah,.,asleft.nd,ho.etha,,,,ere withbimin,he.rk." The . pring,oftheaby .. .nd ,he floodgate. ofhuven wue "pen forty day ndf""y nlghu ndrh. "o.kwas.flool f"."ne bund.ed fiftyd.y.:' o"Ge,us.s6.II.l , H ow TH. All>: WU CLOS.D "1l0M \V. T" OUT.JU5T, ,,M""TTI,"G,,ddosed.h ... k,,f Noah from without:' You should no. im.gine th .. theunb.gouenG"dhim.dfde .. ended or ucended from any pl.ce. Fo,.heineff.ble F her .ndL"rdofaHnei,hercome.to.n) place,n"r ",.lks,nor $leep., n",.ri.e., bUI .lw.ysremain.inhi'pl.ce,whereve,i,ma) h<: oreaubu.wi,h.powerbeyonddescription.
WHY CeIlT .. , ,, Allti T 'TLeD" FoR T,U OCTAV,,: Juo.u: [We..,e ,ha, ) eerUm p lm retided"fortheocuve: Thisi.rh. day"n which the.yn.gogu.com .. '0 an end .ndlhechurchisbo,n."Thi'i., hedayin,he number of which eight.oul. we .. pre.c.ved inthe.rkofNo.h,.nd"itscounterpart",,< church:.ay. Peter. "no,,'uve. you,"" Ho.,, LIU93 " ' G-7.;<. 'FC91,HI. 'G.<.H6. "FC6.J.OS. ''Th<<!oy<< _"n-bon.th< .,..",d.j, ",, ),21. ''FCS7cWl. 7:17-24 THE DELUGE COVERS THE EARTH " Tbejlood con.inuedf(>Try day!' upon rh! .anb.and rbe warer>incr!aud. and borr up rb! arl:. and ir roH high above rb! Nrtb. " Tb! waur! prevailtd ana incre"ud guady "p"n tbr earrh; and !br ",k jloaud on th facc of tbe wafeT!. " And Ihe waleT! prevailed!o migbr. i1Yllpon theeartblbatallrbcbighmollntain! undertb! wholtbeaven Wtrl (ov/TelI,' Othe water! prevailea aoov! th, mountain! . covtring tblmfiftIC" c"bif! acep. " And alijl"h dild tbal moved upon tbl .arlb, bird!. "'Ilk beam. all swarming "ralurc' Ihat .warm upon tb! earlb, and every man; ::evtrytbing on tbe dr)' land in wbolt nOllril. wa! Ih, brlatb of lift aird. ll HI blotua our rvery living rbing: that wM upon the fa" of tb, ground. man and animal> and creeping tbings and bird, of tbe air; they were bloma oll r from cart;'. Only Noah' wa,leJ:, and tbell tbal WIre witb him in rbe 2'And Ih , wal l" pr. vailrdupon IheraT!h" hundrtdandJiffyday> !.UMIo ............. '=........., ... _ .,(_ ) LUNo< O .... V' ."" Th. del"g<' <o".n.he . n",. urth .nd Only summit of p.radi .. is nOI rached: h< flood "OP'"irs foo.hill. (EPH .... }. Th n,.nco"Eve.yrhingon.hedry Ilnd in who nos .. .... o hying erca",'" {AUGUST""'}, Th. deluge .ymboliuo Ih. judgm.nl of God IhatlhoK who rep"n. wiU esa.p" (jusn ... MAlTn.). Th.fony d.y.prefigu.u.h ub .. qu.n. "'. ofbap".m during Qu.d.ag<'lIml h. fo"y dal"ofl.<: nr (M""'''USOfTu,,, ... ). ThIl h. Lord lovu,ighou,n." and hll .. iniq ulfy "mad.ma.nif.n .hrough,h.d.l ug' (lh"I). 1: 11-20110. Flood COJlli,uw!or FOri] Do,. T HI Fo.,l' D .. u P .. IFlGU"'" L .... ' .... " ... MIIK1"'USOf T.U., ... :Rutl.tu ... h .... hi.mo .. . IC .. dnumb .. offonyd.y. hdll. b'ginning.W.r .. dfiTlfin.h.Old Tes"m.n, ,h .. In ,h im. of NOlh. wh.n cTlm, noj",,,kcdn . .. h.d .. ,=.d.h.whol. .. pou .. dfonh
umlny d.l"" In I kind ofmy'I<Tlou, imlg. ofQu.drag .. im lhi.inunduionof.h. c. "h r.f ... no,.o much ' 0 a flood I . ' 0 bap " "m.' Thi . wu dea,I)'. b'p,i.m In whi ch .h. w,ckedn . .. of I mn.U wO! ,emo"cd 11.,(1 No.hl tlgh,wusn." p ... ",ycd. I'o"h, s ,,,- Lord hu ul forty .brs no ... U w.U in imi'a"onof,h .. "me. 10 ,ha, fo. lhi.numbe,ofday whil.,heh .. ycn. areo?"n.d. accl.s<i.lra,no: m"cr m'llh: pouruponu n(l,,,i.nrh,flood . h,,,a , or .h .... inll" .... Il ngmigh,.nlighlCn u.' in bapllAm .nd-u ,,'U the cu ... .. nAm'gh: "''1u.nch.din u. by ,uum. of ""nu .nd ,he. n ..... of Our .. inu .... For ,h, Ihing i. at i .. u. wilh 10 N .... h and inou,owndar:bap,i.mi nood. o th inncr Ind I consecration ro [hefai'hful: by .h,Lord, wuhing ight<ousn ... isp
S ... MONSJO.:.' THI Duuo.CO ..... s T H a EllnH. CH.Y' SOSTO.,: I, i. no, ... i,hou'purpo'" ,ha, Scrip.ure all ,hi,.o u . In" .. d iupurpo,. i,foru o I,arn ,na' no. only pcoplc.cattl fou,foo dbeulland"p,iJ" ",."d.own.d bu,alt.o ,h. bird. of h .... en .ndwha.ev(,inhabi,,,d,nemoun'ltlU. nlmely n'm.l ndo,h .... ild cr""'u" H.nc.lh.,u, .. y Tbefloodro .. fif ... n cub". l bo .... h.molln' .. n': fo. you ' 0 1 ... n,ha',h.exccu<ionof,h.Lord n rcnc.h.db n.ff" .. d. H ... i(l cm.m ..... Af", .... " mo .. day.l ... iII delug.upon.h anhan(ll ... iII""pcoff ,h. faccof,h ... "h.U,h. li f.I haYcm.de. from h .. m'nb",ng.,otattl and from rep' ril.".o b",u of h ..... ,,:' So Scriplu"nar ... u,hll no,.impl, '0 'Clch u h.flood Icycl" bu.lh"w.may beabl.,ound .. 14' ... ndalongwi.n ,hi.thll .h ...... ulb.o. lu .. .. f, "anding_no ... ild b.uu. nO .nlmah. no talll.-.uh ... co.ry- .hing",u lnnihila .. m.nrlu. S1ncc .... .. fo.,h .. ,sakc lhOl111 .h ... c ......... hadbc.ncrca .. d. withlh. Imm'n.n.d .... uC(ionof .he.hum&n ... ' nj!. il .. ufilting.ha: , h ... cru.ur .. . ""tho .. ld 'Cf,c...1,1.:II.1.'ef.' I'o< ,,zc,Z:_ 'The ""' ........ bop<_ .. ..........-._ ...,-_._.. <low .......... .... ..IdIoof .. ___ ... '''''' - '- mnl Iheir end. Then. ann luching 1,1.$ . h. g.eathe,ghl .nchedbylhef100d ... uerJ andthefactlhutheyrouafunhe.fineen ",bi" above .he mounuin pub. it funhe. add. ou. of fidelity '0 i"charlclerinic p.eci.;on. "Thereperi.hedall f1nhthal moved on ,he unh-birdl. In;m.b. every rep.ilethu moved on ,he ear<h. every hum.n being_every.h,ng.hl.hadbr ... hoflife. e .... y,hingondryland:.llper"hed: ' ThI. wI, no.lnidlereference;n,hcword,"e .. ery .h,ngondryllnd":inllcld.;"purpo"ewu lotu,hu"ha.whilto.he .. pcri.hcd.thc jUllmanw;.hutryoncin.hearkalonewaJ .. o .. u Till S" ..... T OF P ...... "'.II NOT RUCH.".' THS Ftoo".E'N .... THI S,., .... , Wilh th yeofmy mind Ign.duponpar.di.e. The , umm;, of cvef) mountain "lowerlhan" ummi. IhecrefloftheflOO<l. reachcdOllly,ufoothill . .hel." k,uedwi.hrevetencc befOrfct\l unb.ck .o,,. hovelnd.ubdue.hep"ak ofcve'l hill.nd mountain. Th. foo,hilllofpa .. di.ci.kiues. whilecv y,ummititbuffen. HY .. N50Nl> ....... "'u' ... .' 7:2122 All F1t1b Ditd THB BB .. TH o. L,n.AucuITI NI: Th.n.a l"tl.fu .. hcron,nthe .. mebook {Genc ... j. one couldJu .... e.sil) h .... noltccdthcv ... e "Everythingonthedryl.nd.nwho noltril. ", ... hcb ... ,hoflif.died:Thil mUnJ thlf .... rydung.h.,IJV.don.h . .. rthpcr"h.din [he flOO<l..ThI,l.$ w. find that Holy Sc:.ipt\lrci..s a"Ullom .. d.o ..... bo.h phr-ue.- "Ii. in Jou[".nd"lhebrulhoflifc"-inregardcvcn '0 Oeall ndin ,hcv .... eA!lIhingl .... hercin therei . thebrea. hoflifc",heG<ecktutdou not ul. Ihe word bUI C ITY o. GOD I).> ... " TH. DnuG.Sr ... oLl ZB5TH.)UDC ... Nr OFGoO.)UIT. ",M.uru:\Vhenthe.acred ,u' llate" hat,he.n[itecanhw .. ,nun . dated ... ,he ...... , r ... ch.d. h.,ghlof twenlyth<u feet abov. thehighut mOun tainl . it I.uiden h.t God ...... nol . pe.king toyou.land [lh.ti, . ln..,l j ,nparlO(u]ubu' to all IhoK who.rc failhful [0 h,m. for whom h.h .. a ... ngcdarestfutha .. en,n)cru .. lem. AUth",'gnl,ha,accomplnl.d.heIlOO<l. p<ovemy ..... ttion.f<o.b),h .. up ... n 'on by water l nd faith.nd .wood"" " i. ind"at cd that thou whop p .... hemsel .... . nd rcpcnloflhe"fln h.Uucapcthefulur. judgment of God. Du,LOG'" WITH TU'No '1 1 ." Lo .. ., l.o .. u R"::HT.OU .... 'u. H .. TU INIQU.Ty.BI02:W eadinthcnoryofholr Noahhowhcminculouslyucapcdthcflood whichdutmy.dlhci mpiou. b)beinpr ... . .rvedwHh hi, hou ... hold in ,hc a. ).;." From thi'H 11 evid.n, to.v.ryone that the Lord who lovu "gh,.ou.nuo Ind hit .. ,n,'1u"y" know.ho,, .oddwuth'p'OUlfroml.mp" ,iOllandto punllhth.;mp,oUJ wothlhrpun i.hm.nlthc) dc rv . .. . Through.ptrltual 'c;.., ''"ll:. 'FC12,,)J-oo."HOP7f.19. "w .. ,Oo< "C.-60'H9 .. "'.s,, ( ..... .hillame rnr U Ihown ro bt fu.JJofmo..., crcdmy ... riu .... henrhe .. kil di"e.ned u, lignify .heu.hol,cchllr<h: " rh. "'a'crof, h.noa-d. bap,i l m:,hc dunlnd uncl.an animal,.' ,hol' in ,h. church bo,h 'pir;11I11 Ind (lrnal: ,h.,.,ood of ,he ark ... hidl ..... I moorh with pneh. " .. ... , .. ultof their failh. ONTHB TUU.NACU '.7.69. " --------------- " 8:j; THE OCCUPANTS OF THE ARK STAY ABOA RD FOR A Y EAR ' BII! G,d reme",b.red Noab' Gnd GIl tb. and all tb. ,atrl. ' w.f ... itb bim in tb. And God ... ind bloll' ov., rb "'Ib, ""d tb. wale'llllblidcd; ' tb.follnl"i"l of tb. dup alld lb. "';lIdD"'" of tb. "UV'III wcr. cloud. lb. ,a;n from tb. b.aV.nl "''' ' ' ,,"d Ibt "'4.cr, r.ctd.dfrom lhe ."rtb contill .. ally_ At lb lId of a bWlldru! "nd fiflydGYI lb .... "Irrl b"d Gbaltd: ' IInd In lb. monll" on tb. irvtntttntb t dllY oftb. monlb. Ibt "rk ,a", . 10 rtll "pon rb. mOUIIIII;nl of Ar","!. ' Alld Ibt ... au" (onunw.d 10 IIb"ltwllrillbtl.lltb molltb; ,n Ib.ltnlb mOlllb. or. tbtfiWd"yoflbtltlonlb. lbtlop' of I .brmounlll;nl .... r.lttn . uu;r<o. .I.U ... ... ..... _ ... .... _ ... 1.U_( ..... _ l ur _ _ 0" ,,' . ... , The love of God accompanIes CHU.OSTO": Sce how God did evcryrhins No.h and.1I ,h. o<cupanu of rhe Irk Out of 1., I ",.um for .he human bting. Al ln .hroughou,.he deluge Tnt ,heClu of , he dc",ucrionofhumlnbt,ng.,n wind ICIII by God II .he Holr Spi". the flood ht du.royed 0.1&0 .. Long wlfh Ihem ] (A .... on). Th. ark rcmainl ano ... for l SO rang<'ofbrure be ... " .", In .hll c", day . ""I ,," occupanrocouLdnOILu y tll btfor.36S dIY(EpH ....... ). 8:1 3 God R.m. mo.r.d Nub 1 him.h. uttndl h"g""dne5l Io ,h nim.l kIngdom U ..... L1. wild bea." . Ihe .. ,.d. i and Ihe rep,ilu. "God .... as mindful of No.h; j th.,u' ''''Y'."andof .U th. wild btas ... aLL ,h. 1 ... "w;th him inth.nk.God ntawinduponth ... rth. and th .... ... r.ubsid.d .. B.ing mindful of Noah. th. tex. uy . and ofthos. with him in th.atk.h.dir.credth.f1oodofw ...... ohah .otha.litd. bylittl.h.might l ho ... hi.ch.c. acr.ri .. klov ndnowgiv.th.goO<!man. breath offresh.i . free him from the turmoil of hi. ,houghuand cts'Oce him to I>!at< of tranquili.ybygranringhim,h njoym.ntof d.ylight.ndabrearhoffruhair."God nr a wind upon the.arth.and ,h .......... ub.id.d. Th.lOrr.nlSof,h.d.p,h.and,h lui"galC$ of h.aven were .hu. off .. HOMIUU ON G""l' SIS THE W , ND StiNT BY GOD is n u Hou SPIRI T.AMBROSE: "And,heL<>rdKntabreach ovec ,h. eanh and ,he wa ... lub.id.d: I do nOf beli.v.th.tthi.h be.nsaidbecauseund .. th.nam.ofbr.athw.mrhinkof,h . ... i nd. In fact th. wind had no po"'cr '0 dry ,he del ug . Oth.rwi th . .... whichi. mov.d .... eCJ da)' by the wind . would become .mpty. How wnuld,h becom.emptrbecauscofth ".ng,h of ,h. winds alon.1 Isn't ittru. thal ,h"'ceng,h ,hat nvcrCame the deluge spr.ad all owr the unh ,n th ..,-called ColumM of Hercul.,'andth. ,ast.eaboilingov.tth.tnps ofthchigh.stmountain.!Ther.isnodoubt. ,hcrcfort"ha"har ddug. wu Jub.idcd br.h. i,,,,isibl. power of the Spirit. not thrnugh.h. wind .... uchbut,hroughdivin.in'.rvention ON NOAH ,6.S8. ' 8:3-5 Tht W<llersAb<ll td DUllAT'ONoFTHKDn uGB. EpHUMTHE Sn "AN: The.pring.ofth bys< and th. f1oodgate.ofhcav.n ",.,.npcn fony day. and fortynight nd "th rkwuaf1oatfnc one hundred fiftydayo." Bu,after nnc hundred fifty day. th. Wat.rs began tosub,ide and the .rk cam. '" rest on M,. Qacdu. ' In.h.tenth .... n In Ih hundred and fin, y.ac. in the firs. month,lhefi .. tdayof,hcmon,h"h.wat ... w ... dri.dfromoff,he .. r<h.In the cond month,.hat i . lyor.on ,h. twenty . v.n.h d.yofthemonlh.,h .... c.hwl$dr): Th .... fo .. .. ninth. arkth ... v.n ... n,hof,h ,ondmonth,th .. i . lyor.
th. fnllowing year, according to the lunar reckoning, th.re w ... thr .. fiv. daY"No';c. thcn tha,c".n the genera tionofthehous.ofNoah.mploy.dthisreck. oningofthreehundr.d'ixty.fivcd.oysin a y .... \Vhy.h.n.houldyounyth.tit\\uth. ChaJdun.andEgyptian, ,.,hoinv.ntcd.nd GINHSIS 6." . 6.,::.,.' 'R;c. ISI. 'Now .... __ "n' ........ Omrtoflh<....ni,'Pl.14'00II:csa .. mlo<..a"" .... ""of .... a<k .... "" ... ' .... ..,'''''M'.Qo.du. .. ...m.... 1,"'1' "FC9"'f'''"- 8:6-12 END OF T H E DELUGE OAr rhe uld do]. Noob' opened Ibe lIIi"dolll of Ibe art ... birh he bad IIIodr. ' and unl a a"d ir wenl ID a"d fro' IInlif rhe walers were dried up from rb. tarrb, 'Then be unlforrh a from him.' Jee if Ihe walefJ bad lllb.idrd Ihe face of IIw groM"d; ' bMr Ihe dovc plaer ID HI hu fOOl. a"d sbe Tcl ll rlled ID bill! 10 rh. ort.for tht wOltfS wtrt ' l iII On lb. fACt of lb. whol. urth. So h. pilI fOTlh hi. blllld and lOOt bu and &rollghl h .. inlO lb. II rt will, bill!. ' OHt wailed IInolb.r do], . alld again bt ""l foTlb Ibcdovt 0111 oflbe art; " a nd rhe dove CAll!. bAct 10 bill! In Ibt tvrning, Gnd 1 inb., A fft.hly plllettd Irof; ,. NOG!.' kn ... , Ihal lb. wOlen had , .. &.id.d frOlll lb. urth. uTb.n h. wailed ollolh., Itvell do] and .. Ill Iht alld .he did nOI mllTn lohilllally more. o ...... "' ... 'Theraven .... hich,, lenrfo.rhby No.h.i. h id cap.iv. by glu. tony and don nOI retunl ,o.h rk (PauDI..-rIIlS, CH.YSOSTO .. ). Th .oven ' Tmbol,zu rhos. Chd'"an. who havingbeenbapr;udhav.goneutral' (AUGlln' .... Bloa). Th. d""r . ... h,ch No.h .end. aftrt.h ... ven.bring n ol,V. brand, .. vul. ,h .. ,h.delugch ... b dbutalJo .... ymbol ofth.p.Dm ... TI1"I}. The dov. i,a.ymbolofthe Hol),Splm (A .. llOOn.B.ol). oftheal>Din"ngbyoil,n chtllm ion (SI"') and of Ch, ill (MAX1"IIS "F TURIN). The end of.hr deluge can be com p ... dwithrhrrndof,hrpc,,,,,cullon. th.r .ho ..... holiv.;nChri.th.v.rolufl' .. rin.h. wD.ld ( AuGUSTlNI). T ... RAVE ... D' D Noy R .Tu . .... B. OE: Noah ",anltd '0 knou' ho'"tinng. 11""'; on th. f.a ofrheearthwhenrheillulldniOllh.dco .... ro an end. and he lenrfor<ha r.ven.whkh Komedroretum.o rhe.rk.' lIgnif'y"",.ho .. who . lrhoughrhe) havrb.<rndun. cdbrrhe ,, ..... ofbap.i.m,ne".coh.les.sneglecrpul . ungofl'.he""rrbl",kdrcH oftherrold..,I,., brlningmorefauldeulr:andlr",her duervetob.rellcwedby,he.noindngof,hr HolrSp'rit . rheJ onccf.n .... a), fromthr
lowingu. etior Ihing rhat i the dUI.es of ,h ..-orl<i. Ho .. lll' l.".' THII R"u ... DOli NOT R ITU .... TO TH E A ignth" Ih. flood had abaltd th. dovr u no'"bringing Rack.o,he ark,nh"b .. k ,hcbuddinggrccn branch of an olivc. Forthc tavcn.hdd captive hy glullony. d ungtofo"lbo<!i u. Whilclhedovebrough,b .. ck .hegl .. d.iding.of p ... e<: .ha' .. .. s'vcn. Scv<u no .. SACUO HI$TO .. " ).' WH' THB RA".N DID NOT CO" . BAc". CHRUOSTO .. , Butfor th.prcnntw. needto ... hr thcbird (thera ... n] dldnotcom.b .. .... ithth."""1"$ .ub.id' ''g hcb"d.b<c,ngunck .. ".happ<'ncd upon corpse. of m.n and b . ... ".nd. find,ng nouri . hment,oit . liking"uytdthcr.in" ..... uldh.v. b<c.n.omethingthatprov.d .ob<c nolrnle.ignofhope .. nd.ncoungcm.nt for ,hejult m.n (if.h .... enh.dre.urned]. Ho .. .... T ... T,.ISOM. SOUNO OF THIIC. O ... . AUOlIsnN" Yo"oonutk"owwh.n .ha.l.ut hou.i.goingtocome a"dy., youuy. lam .. forming: \\'hen .... \Vh.n are you go,ng toch .. ngcl - Tumurrow; you sa). Ekhold. h ..... onen you uy:Tomor- ro .... 'omo'ro ....... Youhav ..... llyb.:comc .. cro,,.Bchold.I"'y.oyouth ... ,,h.nyoum .. 1 th. nor.., ur .. cro .. ruin il .hrut."ing you. For th .. 'crow wh .... u .. .ngyou 'mit ......... n.funh from ,h. "rL: .. nd d,d no, r.turn. S . .... ONS ON THiLITURGICUS .... ON.U .... T .. CL .. B"ANCH SY>.IIouo:: n E.-Ma. LAliTING P.ACIl.AuGU'TI"l, lt io not diffi , ult . o whyu. rlaltingp ... ' ..... gnifi.d b,th.oli,.branchth",hedove.rClurn,ng. brough,back tothark. For we kno" that the .moo,hl urfaccofuili. not .... dilrhind ... d by .. diff.r.n'li'lu"!.And,h.o!r ...... r .. elf i.forcvcrin lcaf.C ... ,ST'A" I .. , TIlUCTrON .' T .. s 0 0"1 AS A S .... aoL OP TNI HOLT Sp,arT. A .. non, Th.oil i. no, for ,h"yn2 gogue it don not pouu h. oli ..... nd did no, und ... und ,h. dove tha, brougb' Nclt.htoL,ft bran.haher.h.nood. Fortha. dove deK.nd.d .f ... wards.' wh.n Ch.i .. wu bcingb .. p.i,..d .. nddw.ltwithh,m.,.. .... hn brough.w,.nc",n,heGoopeluy,ng, -I . . .. , .h. Sprr1td .. ccnd,ngfrumhcav.nu .. duv . andit r.main.dupon him:' LITT.a s 40.". N T .. . OU .. I B ...... c ... S. oE:Ah.r(.herav.n] h n' .. doy .... nducam.,oh,m'n,h. cv.nr ng, c .. rrying in UI mouth an oIiv.branch with gre.nleavc . " \"OUI .. b.:liev . and .. ith your' nt.Uec.)'O".no"p ... rn .... 1 Ipulr..The oli ... branchwi.hg ... nluyc ... .h.g ce uf.heHolrSp;m ich,nth . .... o.d. uflife. th.fullneuofwhichrulluponChri" ( ... ] thep ... lm ... ys,GodrourGod.hao .norn,ed you wuh the oil ofgLadn above your f.lIow,:" Conce.ning ,h"gif. g,vcn '0 Ch., ... l fdlo ......... hn .p"'ru' \"ou h .. ye.h. "noln"ng from.h. holy on and you kno .. all thing.:" And br a moot beautiful conJuncuon ,hcfigure i. inagre.m.n, wi,h.h. fulfill m.n, _acorporul doyeil roughtthcoLiv. branchtoth<arltwh,chwu", ... hedt.,tb<
in ,iI.fo.mof.,orpo .... ldo .. .... h. n h. wuhap'ilCdin.hew u.of . h.J .. r dan. Not onl)"tht human b.:lngs but a1soth. ...... 'l'C)loIIl"FC 201' ........ ........,. .... In.. ,.,I<l:."FC JrIi:Jf' . "G.o.1>J.l\ l,ving ching. which che ark contained. and allothe vtry wood from which cht ark Wal made. prtfigu,., III membtn orChri .. and of thechllrch .fterOllr reccp.ionofthcwuhing of ,he wl ,tr.of regcntration.ThrOllgh . hc anoinung of Ihe ,""cred mri.m ma,. wc bt .. gntdwithlhcgraceoftheHol)Spi ri,.and mayhcdcign.oktcpi'inviola.c'nll .... ho h,m ... lfgavci.[.ow].je .... Chnacoll.Lord whowirh.hc almigh'j'Flrhtt,nrhcllni, y o{ rht umc HoI)'Spiri. hvulnd,cIgrufo,alJ Ige . Amen. HO .. ,LY T H ti Dovl .. s .. S .... . OLO' CH .. lIT. MAlI, '
commlnd..<hi. holy onu,o bt:udovuwhcn h."y,."Scllmplcudovu"Sutthep.ophc peak.of .... hIl Chri.I Chcdovcll whtn. inhi. perJon.htdc.crib.:shil re.urn.ohcavenaf,cr his .uff"tringo"wno ",ill gIn mc wings like. dovc.andiohaUfly"wlr"ndbtl,rut!" WhtnCh.i .. thcLo.d.thc.cfo . initiatcd Ihc SaCflmenU of the church a dovccamc down from hu ... n.1 unde .. , andthtmy .. ",y nd l,.,cogn ..... thtuc m.n . Fo,.hevc,y dove,hl,oncc hutencd to No.h. ark m ,he flood now cOmu.o Chrilt"ochurch in b.ap. tilm.S .... ... 8, 11 12 Tb, Dour Don NOI RtfllrII THS ENO OF THB DBLOGIl Co .. ... "." WITH TlltiE .. oo, P ... 1l 5CUT,o"a.AoGUST,W.t: The.ecularpow ... of.en and for a long umc .parc the wicked from corporal puni.hmenl .nd ,.,Jiue ... m. of them from Ihelf ha .. ,,,. menu. b, .. the helnl ofholr mtn nu .. hu. In)" "p"e un.iI.hcendof lhc world from Ihe .infulconduClofmen. ililthw .... h.v.<he fulfilImtn, of whl he.po .. lellid.ulcitcd i . p".occuuon .... Thelf l uff"crlngllmorcbiner in proportion to ,nIn".rdn . ... Thi . 1100 "nlil. man" pusel over wh",. Ih. arlr..hche .. H8." 8:1319 NOAH. HIS FAMILY AND THE ANIMALS GO OUT O F THE ARK Il l" Ihe six blmdred ,md frrst y'lJr. i" Ih' first monl h. Ih'frrll .llly of lhe monlh. 11., "'!JurJ ",ne .lr .. dfr"m offlbe ellrlb; Qnd NOlJh' removed Ih, touering oftb. arl:, a"d 10011..':. 0'" bt nold. Ibt f!Jer of grownd wu dry. " In Ih, ,tro"d mO"lh. on Ihe d"J of 11.. mO"lb. Ih. UTlh "'''' dTY. " Tb," God' , ,, id to No"h,' .. "Go jonh from dJ/ark. Y"" !Jlld JOII' "'ift. IJ nd YOII' JM' "nd your Ion, ' wiun will. YOll . " Brillg forlh wilh Jo" tvr ' yliv'"l"l hing l hlJt i, wilhJo", ojallfi"h-bird'lJ" dlJni mal,andtvrry Httpi""bi"!'ba,crup,o"'bcuT'b-,bA,,bcJmAJ bTud 4b .. "d4n"J 0" ,bt CG .,b, and' bc f, .. ilf .. , 4"d mu',ip'J "pon ,b, urlb. "So ... cn, fo.,b. a"d hi .. ,,,, a"d hi, ... ift and bi. Jon,' ... iVCJ ... i,b bim. "And tvery bCall, tvery crttping Ib;"g, Gnd tvery bi .d, ,v.rylb;"glb", mOVtJ "pon ,bttarlb, ... tn'for,b "yf"",i/it. oll'of,bt "rk. ' .1.0 .... 'Ul .. L.ooO GoiI ' Ul_ ' Ul _ .... ..... ....... _ _ ....... _ ...... _ _ _ ......... .. - ..... -.. ..... Ov .......... '\VhenN""hd."''''bar\t' .llcr,h" ddugc. Godencollr<>.guh,m.n c"uy.h,ng (CH .. f50STO ... ). Chas"'y ... uob." .... a.k,blltafter.h.ddllgcm.rri'g'''p''.mi".d ag.'n ( Jo ..... ofD ........ scus). Thi.i."'.d.cJur e ... nin theord.rofb"arding.ndl.uing.h. rk (A .... lIOu). ln".d ha hcy might ... ul ,iply,N".hbr;ngoou,<w<>byrwo,ho",whom heh.dbrough'inon.byon. (ErH .... ). The arkp figu.e.dehyennce,hrough,he hurck', b'p,;.m in prep.,.,;on for thedi"ine judg ... cn. (M"", .. us Of TU.' N). No.k pto. cl.im.d a neW birth to world (CU .... HT Of ROMti). 8:1S 19 EvcrJ'";''' WCII' Oil ' 0f'''c Ark No ... " Rac. , v .. T H . BL." 'HG Of MULT" .uc ... T. o .. TH.TA" ..... H.oR.c., ,,.,,. CHU$OSTO .. ' nen.1I eru,ion "u durucd as if of .om. blemish, remo y ing.1I d.fiI.ment cau",din;, by hum.n witkodnell. IlIcoun,. n.nc. wu .... d upl.nd.nr;God.h.nfln.llr command.d ,h. J UIt man 10 d".mbark from rh rk. frc. mghimftom.h., .... fulpfllOn ..,,,h,hcU' ... o.d Thcn.h.L ... dGod ... ,d.o N""h,D,,,,mb.rk, you and yo ....... n'.y<>." ... ;feandyo .. rlonl ... i .... ",,hyo ... uweU .Un"h.itomb"d.,ocarde; u1reof!'w'lhyou .v.ry repdle,hal crawh upon ,h. ur,h. and incr ... e.ndmuhiplj'on.h.ur,h."No.i,. God'. goodnelS.ho";n ev.ryrh,nghe.nc"ur as" he jloodm.n.Afrerord."nsh,m,od". .mbarlr.ftonl,h .,kalong"'i.hhll .... "'.hi. wif., h, . ....... w;vu and all ,h. wild an,mal . ,h.nlu.gr .. ,d .. co .... gem.n,.ho .. ldg.adu. allyovcruk.h,mby.hufur<herdevclopmcnt
",ouldb.onhi.own.dw.llingalon.in.uch vu.upan or ..... h .... i'hnnon ... l u l .. . ;ng, God 6n' , . .,d. Di mbark fto .... he.,k. anduk.offevcry,hingwithy<> .. : .nd.hen add.d, "lncr .. ",.ndm .. l,ipl), .ndglln ... rth."Sceh ..... once.g"'n .hi. goodm.nr<:cc, .... ,ha,form .. blelling .hIlAdamkadr<:cc;".dbefor<:.hef.ll.Th. ume ... ord .... cr. 11 m.n h.ard when h. wu CTu.ed,Godbl ",d,h.min.h.word. "in".ueandmul,iplJ.andgaindomln;on rh. unh'" So tOO do,. man nO ... hu .. Iheword. ",ncr<:I ndm .. lt>plyonthe r<h .. lnolhcrwords.j ...... rh.formerm.n .. r .. b.fo<c '''cd.lug o.oo.hi'Jult man becom ... lr.indoflca ... n,bcg;nnlngand.GO' ofe"ery,hingai, erth.dcluge.F.omrhi'po,nl on .... k.I,.comprilcdinthemakeupof h .. m.nbcing" .kCl'lIbcJ!inning,andthe w;'oleofcr<:.<lonrccoyeniuptoperord.r, bo,h.helOilr .... .keninsoproduc<l,,"r U .... ll v"'y.h,n'.l"'.ha. had be.n cr ..... :! ,o,.h . ...... i(. ofhum.nbcing . HQ .. ,u15ol<
G ... ,..,. 1:1)"9 TH.A P . .. ,O" ... DIlLl VIl .... NC. TH.ouOH TH. CHU. CH.Mn ... u. Of TU., .. : Fo< .... Noab', ark .Hn whom" bad taken in Ih( worldwugo;ngunder.' ,o.l.op."t<, cbu<cb willbringbackunhu<levoryonewhom;, .mhracco wII.n ,h. world goes up in fbmu.'
Noab'. ark Ihe flood w OV.,. ' IO abo Chn"willbnnglhejoyofpeIC.,Op., .. r'1 ch .. rchwhen.h.)udgment .. ov., ... him.t1f i. dov.lndpuc .... h.promi .. d whenh.l.aid. "llhall""r<'u.glinandyour hea .. will r.joic . ... SII ... ONS .9.).' M .... , .... sb P .... 'rr.oA .. ... N.JO .. HOF D ...... sc"" Wh.n Noab ,,'&1 ord.red 10 en .. r ,h ... klnd ....... ntru ... dwithlheuf.gu.rd. ;ngof.h."'.dof.b.earlh.h , ..... g'v.n,hi. command, whICh read., "Go (o .. h from Ih. ark.youlndyourwif . ndyour.on nd your ,on. wivu w"h rou," Hc had pa .... d .ncmf.omtb.,<w,vu. lO.na.",ithth.h.lp ofch"u'J'.ncym' gn,uclpe.n.dcepand ,nl! worldwide dU'mCtiOll. . f .. , Ih.cUIIUOno( ,h.flood, lhccommand .. u "Gofo .. hfromthc .. k, youandyollrw;r . andyourlon ndyouf l onlwivClwi.hy"u." He ... &c. n01ll' mlrr'.ge ...... again perm;tted for ,he ultc of ,nc .. u . OnHoDOx F"'TH
THIIO." o.Bo ... o" ........ "L .... ., ' ..... ,o."'8Mon: No .. ')" u' cumine why. "' .h. mom.n,of.nlu;nglh rk, lhcorderof.n,'1 ...... tha, Noab ml.red fin, wi,h h"IO'u. then nlSwif nd,n ... 'v ofnlllono.' bu, when ,h.y @o,oll' . th. ordcrofu" .. .. cnang.<!.ln fact" 11 wrm.n: Go foren &om tiI. ark. Indyolr w;f . andYO"'lOnlandyo"rlOn$' w,v .. .. ralm n ingtheSCnpturc .... n ... ocmph .. i:teth.ab .. i. n.nfrom,hcfaculryofgoncr"'ona"h.
of thu flC\<r al moment of diocmborking. ,o.,thebcginningof.h.dtluge,hefa,hcr , h;1 IOnl, There;1 no mixing oflheoeno" th. I I f 't>oard,ng, iI il bci ng mad. c1car '0 ,h. "gn,. .0Ilslba"h.,im.wncndr"hloomcdov<r .vo:rybody .. uno .... i .. .hl oconcub,nag.an.d .roricpl ... u ..... ... Wilhgooc! .. uon,Ia'et, t .ft<t ,n<d.IIlV'.nd<d,marriagt w .. again in ,ow","' r.. oh. "." .. ;0. of o,h" t m.n.O .. No .... No .. H B .. ' NGJFo .. THTHIA .. ' .... u 11< F .... ,Ll u . E.H .... S,RI .... : ThOK wnomh.hadbrollgh,in"on.hronr"onordcr lomainraincb"tily onrn.ark, hrno,,' bro .. gh. 011' "tWO by rwo"1O rh .. th<y rn' gh, "bc fru,tful and multipl)' in crc"ion." Evrn w;.hr .. pec"o.h.lnimal. ,ha,h.dp, .... rvN ,heir,h"";ryin.h(ukGod u .d,"Bringff)rth w;,h yOIl.nryhving.hlRg.ha' ..... "h you of .Ufl .. h-birdlandanimal l andev.ry .... p inglhinglha'c"'.p"Gnlh.carth-,ha,th<y m.ybrc.dabllndlntlJ'OII.h .... rrh." CO"' .. HNT .... 'O .. G ... N ... B'''TH TO THR \\'O .. LD, Cu .. . .. , Of Ro .. . : Let uS fil ollrgau on rho who h.vr 14f !'<',fudy rv.dhil magnifi, .n'glorr Lc,lU ... k.EnO(h.who ..... 'Cl""''' ' ')'!1. 'CllI'otJ,JO.:1 'a.""'",o.n.,. '6-,l:. 'I\C\\' S(l:11t.'FCIH9" 9S. -c.. ",U .. "PL L4,o ]),CSLJ2>46., "FCtblU dienee and wu taken up w,dm,lt thtu being a mOIlY LlIIO the ark." Till LITTII TO Till tT:Oceofhi.duth. "Noabwufoundfaimfu! CO",,'TIIIAI<S9.14," by reuon ofh,""e ..... ice;heproclaimeda new birrhtoth ..,orld.and,h,ough him ,h. Lord laved,h. livingcru,u,u whoen,.r.di nhar 8 : 2022 NOAH OFFERS A SACRIFICE TO GOD HThrn buill an lb. LOIP. and look of d,"n "lIi".,,1 4Ina of t v y dun bira. "naofjrTCdburnloifcringl On Ibr ahar, l' And IIIbr .. IhcLWtDI". rUrarbtplraj' ing odo . Ibe Loao , .. id i" bit 1.,,,.1 .. / will nrVr. "gain Clmr riot ground buauu of "''''',for rb. ;"'''gln''I;OIl Itf ", .. n', burr Il rvilfrom bil Jowrb; ntirhr. wil11 again drmo] tvcr] Itvillg crtar".t Itl I blTv< ,jOllr. u \VLilt rbr Trmai"I, ,dri mr and cold and bral.lummtrandwinltr . .lay "nJ lIigbl , ,haIIIlOlct"H. O"IUUW: Noah off . ... ucrif'icu 10 God of the dun animall. nOt of ,he " .. dun {AII';;us, nN.}. The Lord .melled the pleulng odor meanl thalhel<ceptedtheoffcringo {CHIT' 505TO .. j. The Lord dou no, Imell thelm.Uof Ihcflelhofan,mabor,h,"moiteoiwood.b .. t he 1001.1 OUt and I .... hclimpJ.ci'ro{hun w;thwhiehNoahofferothe , acrific. (E.H .... ). Th.wo.d.!wil!never'g.,ncu ... ,hc groundbecau .. ofman m.anth God.afrct ..... alnlllghum.n ilnful narure through ,h. futofh .. punlohmen no .. .... nu'och.nl!e "rh rough hll ... (A .... os.j. No.h, uc"flee God rUtO,,, 1<1 The earth tn. fCuonalcyd .. th""adhcMd'l!"rb.ddur illS ,he dd"I!' {EPHRE .. j. No .... 0 ..... , OF TII . CL"'N. AUCIIsnN" [The clean and me undean) wcre "'gethe.>n ,he ari<, but mcy wcre no<cquall)' plullng,ome l..ord as a ........ ofucrifKc. for aher me deluge Noah offe,d ucr-ifKc 10 God oftheclun.no,ofm.:unckan.Llnl-.s ,ol.' Goo ACC"'T5 S .. cau' CI. CH_Y' sOsTO .. : Th.S.rip ........ y . AndtheLo,d ImeU.d wcelodor: ma .... he.ccep .. dth.
I\OJtril, . ,nco,GodLlinvllibl' "!'Lnf. Yetwha. ,,',",ed "P from tn. altar 10 the odo nd $mok.fromb",nlllgbod,e ..... " d notlllngll GIlPIUI.I:2<I-ll mo .. m.lodOfo ... ,han.uch ..... or.Bu.th., yo"maylu.nthatGod.tI.ndJIOtbein'en . ionoftbconeoff.ringth.u<:rific ndth.n auepu or r.j.en I,. Scrip.ure nib .h. odo. and . moh a I wee, " VOt. AG.'''''T Juo",z, , ... G CH'U'T' .... S 1.7.1.' S ...... GTH.S ..... 1,.ICITfo'No .. Hs H ..... T, GooP.ul .... u.R ........... T. E' H .... THi Su, .... :Th.Lord.m.lI.dnotth m.llof h.nuhorth mokeofwood.bu.ntherh. lookedou,.nd ,."h implielfyofhea .. with which N""h off .. ed ,he ucrifice ftom all and On behalfof.U. And hil Lo,d'poke to him . h.d i d.hatNoahheat.Becaul.of yourtlgl ... ouln ....... mn.nt w .. p .. ..,rv.d .nddidnotperi.hinthatnoodthat.ook plac: And hec.u .. ofyourucrific. that w .. from.lln ... h.ndonhehalfof.lln.lh.lwill n.ver.gain bring a nood upon the .. rth:'
promi o th.t ... en ifmanltind were con ... ntlrtcfollowth villhough,ofth.irindi. nallon. hewouldnev.taga,nbfLngaflood upon.h.m.Co .... "''T .... ro ... G .... utS 6.t).;.' Pu .... u< ",r ..... D 1'0.<:,"."'.15 Co u ",r ... y. A.noSE: Le, UI .umine with sr .... ' .. ningof th.wotd. ",he Lord id in hi. hnrt. (wil!n.v<r.s.in
,mas,nauonofman. heart"uUfl"Omh"
d .. t.or h.d .Ireadrdone v.t) h .. ingcrcatureforth nllredurlt;onofearth E ... nthoughh.hadpllnllh.dth .... hol.of manktnd. he kn.,,.ha:.h. pun"hm.n, of ,h. uwi,mo,.,"iuhl oni,.karand,o .. ad! ,h.doc'rlnt.hantochange.h.nulI, hat c.nbccorr..dinoomep.opl.hll,no, ch.ng"d in "vuyhodt. Thu.f<lre God pun i.h.d.o,h.,w.migh,fu.'andforg .... 'oth.t wemigh,bcp nrv.d.H.punish.donc.in o,d.,.o gi ... an .nmpk thal would h .... , ..... dfur,blllh. fo'l .... fo ..... fu.llu,oo .h., th.blf rnUl of.in would b .... no, pr. ... il.d.On.whoi.in,.n.uponpun .. h,ng .iru .ooof nilconlid.ud.obtmo,eobmn" ,han l"ict.Th.,efore God"YI :1 will ne .... again cIlrle ,hcg.oundhecau ofman;lh i h.puni.h f.,,.fo'gi .. a m.nj'.bccau,e he ,n nd.d.o.how hi.m.rcy for ,he whol. of manlund wi.hout ,he nec.uity ofpt'O<l uc ing,nhumanhearn.f.lnltcuritj' m, d wllh .ltind of negl.ct. 0 .. No .. " H.lo.' 8:22 Cu,," GOD R"TO.U THE SU.SON. ro TH. E rH. EPH .... rH. Sr "'<:Andhe ...... th ... " ... n."h.rpluotingnor h.r ... "duronS thatyear.ndthe..,uon.lcrd ... hadbc.ndli 'u,bcd,God .... o .. d.oth ..... h th., whic:h h.db .. n .. ken ... .j inhi ng.r.God,h.n nid."AII,hedarof,h ... "h.plan.ingand harvnt . old and h .. t umm ... nd winter ""rand night I haU no,eeaKfrom th ... rth: rorthrollghoutth n,ireyear.un.ilth ... rlh d,i.dup . ... 'n' .. ,withnolllmm<r.h.dbc.n upon Ih.m. CO IO<T ... T 0 .. GI ..... 'S 6 . ).).' 'l'C6I.1I. r.o.,. "' H!. "R:91,H:!.'PLI",":CSEL '!=Ct hlO 9:1 7 G OD GIVES FOOD AND D ECl.ARES HIS CONDEMNATION OF MURDE R ' And God bJelSed his .on., and ID Ihem, "Bc fruitful mllhiply, fill 110. IThe of you and the of yOIl be IIpon every of the eMth, upon twry bird of the oir, upon everything creep. on the ground all the fi.h of the Ha; inlO y"ur hand Ihey delivered, ' Every moving thing live. sholl be food for you: and a.l gove YOII the green plan/!, , give you everytbing. 'Only you nol wilh iu life. Ihal i,. its blood. ' ' For you. lifeblood J will require a reckoning; of every bea,t I wi!! "iuire il of of every man 's brother I will require tb. /jfe f of man 'Whoever shed, th. blood of man, by mAn shall his blood bt .hed; for God mAn in his own image. ' Alld ,YOU, b. fruitful and multiply, bring forth abundantly on tbt earlh and muhiply i" il. " OVII' .... 'IIW' God giv human b.ing very h. rbfor.ustenall {JusT,t<MARTn).H. orders'ha'peopledrain'hehloodofth. bea.ts,halrhe)will .. r(EpHIlEhI)becau rh. bloodi, rh" b .... "oulandmu.rb ra.ide for him (CHRYSOSTOhI). Th. murd.r of human b.ingsiscondemn.dhJ'God {CHRYSOSTOM EPHIlIIM). When God proclaims ,ha, he will require rh. blood of human, at ,h< hand of <ver)" b ... , and pcrson. h< mea", ,ha' hecom pares human wickedness in rhe .ctofmurdet ,0,h.wildne"ofb .. " s{AMuosE). Br requiring ,he blood ofpeuons a, ,h< hand of every beast. God m .. nd. to sor rhar h< will r.'urrec, ,he bodie. of those who di" {JOHt< OF DAMASCUS). 9:3 God Gi"'I Noa;, Plants "IIIi All i", ,,/, for Food T HlIB I s r-.>o Of!. PLANT. J"ST't< MARTYR: You ITrJ'pho, a JewJ objec, that Noahwa5order.d,om.k. adi .. inc,ion
ut everrkind of herb. Such a condusioni. inadmissihle. I could euily prove. hut w< will not 'pend rh. ,;me now in doing . o, rh., .ver)" vege .. blei san hcrb and mayhe eaten Now, if w< make. distinction bel"'e.n ,hem and r.fu.<,ou om<ofrh.m. wedo 00 not bec.use,herar.common.ndunc1eaobUl bec.u .. ,heJ'uebittet.otpoi.onousor , hor ny. D'ALo<.n'! WITH TRYPHO .0. ' 9: 4 NOI tbe Blood of Ani",all SLOOO At< 'MAU MUST B.
bles dNo.handhi,wnsthat.he),migh,h< fruitfulandmuhipl y .nd,natfur<lfthem ,houldfallup<lnaJlfle,hhothin,h<s<aand on dry Iand."Only you lhall nO. ntfl h with i "lir . "Thatm nsyou l h.llntnofl hthat ha. nor bun.llugh, ... d.nd who blood. ... h,ch i. u,lif hunotbund .. intd.Co ... " ,,,T .. uo .. G ... u,s6.' ... t.' A"' ..... L. BLOOI> h iT. SOla .. C .. usos To .. ,Fromthi . th .... ingof m , .. kc. its b.ginning. no,fo"h.purpo&Cofl' ,ompring ,hemtoglutton). Bu,.incclom.ofth.pcopl. "lftn.bou,.oofieruc.ificc nd mw .hanlug,o>ng.othtLo.d.h.gnn ... htm Iutho,ur oOe, food and oboiu .... nr an>".f) bou,food. lur ,h.y . .. m'ob b .... ining from food,b." ..... ,h. y wu. notl"opcrlr conleCTlt.d."lhav.g;".nyou th.mlll ;h. ... y,.uldidlh.g' .. ns .... :Th.n ... inlh. c .... of Ad. m when him.o .h .. lln f. om the On. t.(C whilt enjoying th. o,h.".JOinthi.c .... ,oo.Aft .. pc'mitting ,h. contumpr;on of ,ll food. without h"ita ,ion. h.sar, : xoep' you u.no"ou,fl.lh w"h,, " lifebJoodin i,:Sowha,docs . hi, ltatem.nt It m ..,. .... ngkd: fo, an an,m.r.hLoodJ$ 'UlouI.So.,ncrther w", lbou,toofferlac.ifiu.,nth.formofan,. mall, h."tcachingth.minth ... wo.d.rhat .. long u lheblood hu h .. n , lIide for me. th.ncahi.foryou.lndoingJO.how."er.h." in .. n.uponrclllting,nadunc nr impU!H o ..... d homici.dc. HO .. 'L' U ON '1." .' T" . Mu. o .. Hu ...... BIt .. G' Is eo .. 1> . .... . o ... Gol>. C .. USOSTO .. ,\Vhocy., in with that .emark. He ilhying if you are not rel trained from murd.roul hand. by kiruhipor b)' I &C nleoffellow. hil' of naturc.and ennifyou .hrus, uide.Ubro. h .,If fcelingand become <ompL lycomm,tted '0 I bLoody mu.dn.you mlU.th,nk rwic ... Conlider rh. fact that th.person h becn crea .. d in God'. imag . Mark the degr of honor accorded him by Go-d! Think on th. f. cttha, h.hurcceived aurhorory""."Uc ... ."on. Th.n you wiLl gIVe up your mu.duolU in .. n . So wh .. h. If tOm",ne hu <omminedcountl . .. murd.nlnd.hedl .. much bLood. how can ht gi" d'qu,uJa,i. facrion.impLy by th heddingofhi. Own hive th ... ,houghu. human beingth .. you .... ln ..... dyoudo .... II.ocon l ider in Idvancc.ha,f<'u ",m .. cc'."n ,mmortalbody.hatwillh,,,.,h,cl pactty.o und'rgocon .. an,.ndu.,lastingpuni.h. m.nt . HO"" ClIl 0" GB"'.SIS l7. I S.' GOORMq" US .. T.SF .. CT' O".E.".' .. T .. & Sy .... ,.:God " qu" ... thebloo.ln_and,n th.futu .... H.nqu' ... 't now m th. ca .. ofa duththath.durcedforamurd ... r.andllso ..,oningwithwhich.goringbull".obt lton.d.'A,th nd . ,th.,imeof,h.r.,uT' rccrion.Godwillrequi .. th ... nim.l ... ",rn .1lth.) ... from.h.n ... hofm.n.GO<Isa,d "f. om.heh.ndofaman l ndofhi.brothcrl ... m .. qui th.lifeof. mln:Jus,uu,,,fac- tionfor th.hloodofAbcl ,,urcqu ... dfrom C.in. thati "who.ver . h.dJth.bloodo( man.brm.n.hallhi. bloo.lb hed:Co .. ... "T .. UO"GINU's6.1S.1 . In.d. ",m.one. blood. h" own will be Ih.d M" .. o ... I . ..... ACTO. i,. .. " ..... ' .. NO inpaym.nt for th., pcnon. blood.becaule ! h.v. ml de the human p ... on in God', imag. ; Con.id.r.!ask you.ho .. muchfcarhellruck 'FC":IOJ. 'FCn,'7z- 'FC1,1,17J. '&21.1 'I'C",14J B"UTLT AMUOSE: "For your lift, bloodandyourwul.) wiU""'1uirea...,d;.on. ing of evory b .. Of and of,he hand ofm.n: Hc comparedhumaniniquir)' '0 bealtly wicked- nU. and con.idered it robe CVCn morc'ulpa. bit ,han , he wildnu, of,he b ... u. For he added:ofe.ery man'. brother I will re'lui..., ,ht 1ife of man: Acruall y b .. ". have nothing in common wi,h U&,are nor unitcd to u, by an)' fraternal bond. lftheyharm a man,thcy harmsomebody",hoi.stranger,dono"ran . gr .. sthe righfS of nuure, do not oblitorate .htaffe"ion ofbrotherhood. Thcrer"reone who make.an ."emp' on hi. brothcr'. lif. commi ... more.eriou in.Forthi ,...,aoon the Lord tnrca,ened. mor ... verepuni.b ment bl'uYing"of thc nand of hi . brother) wiHrcquirt a reckoningof ,hebloodofm.n: hnotperhap.abro.hcr.omeoneofararional na,ure come forth from a ,crtain womb,.o ,har we .. e united by agcneration from tht samt mother! One . ingle nature i. mo.hu of all hum.nity.Thercfore we aTe all broth ... gencuredbyone.ndtheumemotherand united b)"he nme kin.hip, 0", NOAH z6.94.' T H " R UlI RR" CT' O'" O F THB BOOT I . T U T'
DAMASclIs: Moreo.er, """ed Scriprure, '00. tutifies '0 ,he fact tha, therc will bca re. ur- rcctionofthebody.lndc.d,Go<lalrc.dyhad uidtoNoahafrcrth.flood,"E.enuthe greenherb,nave I deli.ered them all to you u.vi ng,harfl .. hwi , hbloodofi,s life you.hall nOt ur. And I will requirc your blood "fyour lives, at ,he hand of ",)' b.a .. ) will . equire it. And ar ,h. nand "f ev",y man I will require thelif.ofhi, bro,h.r.'lVho.oe.er,haU.h.d man. blood,for,ha,bloodhi.bloodwillb. .hcd: for I mad. man to,htim'geofGod: How ,an he rcquirc,he blood of men at the hand of e.ery be t, unlen he cai, .. th< bod i .. ofthosc who die: For bcasu will not die in the place ofhuman bcing . ORTHO"GX FA1TI< 4.Z7.' 9,8-17 GOD MAKES A COVENANT WITH NOAH ' Tht" GoJ s"iJ 10 No"h" "n': IP hil lolll with him, m"blilh my coven""t with ,,"J ]on "fur you, '0,,".: ujrh every !;v;nJ; "taru .. th"t ;, w;rh you, rhe birJ!, rhr ,afllt , ,,"d of t he earth wirh you, M m,,"] "l our of rh< "rk. 1 " / el rablilh m] <ovt nanl with you, th"rlltvtr"gain lhall "llj1t1h b< <ur pffb)' Ih<waltrl of a jlooJ, ""J ag,,;n lhal/ a jlood 10 Jmro)' rhe earth. " "And God' l"id, "Th;, ;l sign of ,o,'e""n: ".h; ,b 1 b<lwun and yow "".; t"uy living uearu .. rhat il with for 011 futu.t III let my OOW ill fhe cloud. it 10,,11 &t <I sigil of Iht &./1 .... " m. ""d the earlb. "Wh ... I &,i"g doud. O"tT fb. ,a,lo aRd fbr i. IU" i .. lb. cloudl, ISl will rtmember my COV'''''''f which is b.fwun mt ""d YOII "nd tv.ry /iving of a/l jI b, a"d Ibt W<lf.r hall "tv.r agai" Duom. 0 jlood to dmroy a/1 jI b, " Wh ... lb. bow i. i .. tb. cloud. , I Will/DOlt "po" i. and remtmber Ih " .. III"illg (OV, ."",,. betw.en God ""d H ] li";"g ,rUIU,. of 1111 Jlub tblll i. upOn fb. urlb." " God Joid 10 No"b,' 'Thi' i b. sig" of lhe ("vuan. wbi(h I h"v. tll"bliJh.d btIW"" m. "lid ,,11 jltlhlhali,up""lh.urfb. . .... .... """" .... _ _ .. _ " IJCI ,"," 'LU .. WooiGool O""."'."lGodmakuhi,c .. venant .. i,h N<nhou,oflov ndin o.dcr .... limin 1I appr.hn.ion f ... m his mInd (CHU5OSTOMj, Godpr .. miKlth"'h .... flood upon carth.e".n ifpcopl. b.c .. m. COn lIndyhabhua,.d,ofall .. winSlh vil though ... of the .. ,ndin'flon (EPHaJUoIj. n .. cov.""n . whICh God make. will. No,.), Ind wichall,h,,".cr ur a.kw;,h h.im (EPHIlDI ).willn.ve.bcbrohn (GUOOBYOPNAZI ...... ""'.j. 9:811 EJfabli.hi nga GOD Mu, .. H,. Cov ... a .. T WIT" No" .. OUT Lo .... CHRYSOSTO .. , God', pu'pooc, .hu.f .. ..., . .. astodiminlt llappr.h.enl;on f.om NOlh'. thinking and for him to b. qui IIlu...,dch.cth;l wouldnothappen ' g. in.H. ... ,d, .. m.mbcr.Jw,ulb .... uSh,onlh.d.l oflov ..... as.o pu, . I<0P'o their wick.dn.uandpr.v.n,.h'''going, .. furth .. ...... In ch.i, cue 'oo it i, ou, .. f my l ..... . ha,lp . .. m'nnn ..... doi.again . .., tha: YO" ml)' I,v. drud and in .hi, "' y..,e your pru .. nt life to iu d ... Hen .. huid.Beh .. ld,imakcm),,"vcnlr>,:,ha, ... 1 fo.mIn l,rmen'.Ju"'"in humin Iffll .. ... hen..",..one mlkeo.prom, .. ag m.n,andgi" ... firm g .. aran'e ..... '00 th.goodLord,"id. Seh .. ld. lmakemyc .. " nln':Goddidn ...... y' .... 'lhis m.auiYCd,P$. ,er migh' corn. aglln , ... h .. n wh .. o;n. Ruh he,"id.Beh .. ld. I rn.kt my,,,"e,,an, wi.h y ..... h.l.ord l""'ngltindneu, "", .. niy ... "h yOll.g<:n ... . .ion.h ..... y.,do1 form my ag m.I\"bu, 11.0 in g .. d.o III.ho , .. minglf r you 1 . Ho"'L,no"G.NI 5,5.1.4.' GOD W, LL N ..... , B., NG" Nil'" DBU'GR ", PO",E".TH. EpHU/ltTHISYJ.I"""Andh.il Lordlpok., .. [No.ohj. uh.d ..... d,ha' No.hhe .. ,SccauJeofyourngh,coulneu mn.n,wll p .... ."cdandd,dn .. ,perishin ,hllflood,hat.ookpllct.Andbcuu of your'lcrifictth""I. fromallfl .. hlndon bchalfofalln .. h. l wiUne"crag" n b.ingl flood upon ,h. urth:God.nu. bound him , el fbefor.handbyth'" p ... mi lOth.,.v.nif m.nkindw.r.con".ndrl .. f .. llo .. ,hough .. ofch."inchll.lu .. n.h ... ouldncv.r aga>n bring a flood upon ,h .. m. eo .... E ... T".'
9:1215 Thr Rllill&""'<I Sigil ofth.
GOD EST.UU IIUS H' $ COVIIN .. NT WITH HU .... N1TY .. No EYIIU L,V' NGCII .ATUII B. EPHRII)o!THE$YRlAN:Anecth" ,hing.God made a covenant wi,h Noahand wi,h all,ho.e who came ou, of ,he uk wi.h him. "ying. "All fl .. h.hallneveragainperi$hinthewa.ersofa flood. ! wilI."tmrbm,in,h.dou<U,andi, .halll>ea.ignof,he.,erna!covenantbetween God a"d all fl h ,h., '$on.h<ucth:Co .. .. ENTAIIYoNGaNu,s6.1Sj ' GOD W,LL NE""', fO.DIT H Is CoveNANT. GIlIIGOIIY OF NAZIAN:Z;US: Who"bindl "P ,he warCT in the mirad. of i,-th., h. ut.< I<>m.ming who: ""'uft is '" flow. On dou<U.lha,he6xe.i"h ... byhiswo<drY..,he pourSou. some ofi,on the face of,he whole earth . p<inldingi"oallalikeindu< :uon.H. d ..... no.unk ... b ,h n.in':$lockofwa.er _ ,h. d.an.ingof Noah u"'''enDugh,and God mO$l true dou no,rn'8",hi,own COvenant.
9:1829 THE DRUN K ENNESS OF NOAH "Tb, !OnJ ofNollh' ... bo ... tlltforthfrom tbr ark wur Sbrm. Ham,' allaJaphtth. Ham' WaJ tbefMhcr ofC<llIaall. "Tbeu thTU .... u lb. JailS of No <lb' , allafTom tbtu tb, ... bolt ,artb wlI sp"opl,a IONo nb' wIIS tb'/irst tillu oftbt soil. H'l'III IIUa 11 villtyllra; "alia ht arank of rb. "'illt. II n d be,am. drunk. IIl1d Ill)' uncovtr,d in biJ Itnt. llAna Hllm,' thtflltha of CIIIIII<ln, S<l1I' tbe naktdlltH of bis f<lrber. <lna tola hi, two broth.rs outsiae. 21Tbtn Sbtm and Japbtth took a g<lTmenl. laia it UpOIl both their shoulders. <lnd w<llked ba,kw<lra and covtrta tbt naktdneH of Ibtir falber; Ibei. f<l'<' "'eT( lu.ned a ... ,,)'. <llId th.] did nol Jr. tb.iT fillb .. 'J "<I.lteaneJJ. l 'Wb,n Noab' <I ... okrfr0mbil ... in.<lndkn.",wbillbiJyoulIgtJl Jon b<lddoll e tobim, ll brs<lid, C"rsea bt a of slavtJ shilll ht bt to his brotherJ." "'Ht al,o saii. "altHed by lb. Lou, my God b. and It I C<ln<l<l" bthil ,<<IV,. J' Goa and It I him dwtU in ,h. rcnU ojShtm; and I" Canaall b. hil slav . " llAjur ,h. flood Noah" lived ,bTU hundred and fifty yeau. l'AII ,ht dll]! of Noah" "'cu ninch"ndredandfif'YYtarl;<lndJ.tditd. OVIIRVIIIW, Noah'. dTUnhnne .. wu due '0 I". Ignorance becausehe'pen,along,im<wi,hou,drinking anrwine (EpH ...... ).Winei.not.vilini".lf but uthcr in iabu$C (CHRYSOSTOM). Noah'. yulnerabilitysymbolizesthep ionofChrist
Noah vulnerable (L.ANon OF SBVllU). The LordbluscdthOfCwhocov .. edhi,.hame (ClEMINTOfAlIXANOR' A), Af .. rHam .... No.ahinhi'drunkcnne .. andnakednc$$,hiIIOnUnaani,(ur.ed. becau .. Ham.whohadbecnbl .... dbyNo.ah ,,henenteringthcark.couldno,becuned no,,(EpHIlEMj. C.n ni,curscdbyNoah bccausc the.on. are bound by . h in. nf.heir paten .. (AUGUST'NE.JUSTIN Not onl),i.Canaanlubjcctcdtopuni.hmentbut .110 hi.fath .. , and it i,likcly lhat C.naan him,c! f,ommi"ed , in (CHRYSOSTOM, EPHR2 .. j. Noahi.naked.bu,hei,no, .. h.medhcc.uschei,fi U.dwi.h'piri.ual gl.dness.while.heoncwhomocklhim remain. upo.cd to rcproach. Canaan'. pun i,hmcntdcmon"rateltOulabove.nebe whatgrca,reY<rcnai. duetoourparenu The word dllv, i, fiut u .. d by Noah in cnnneetion with the cuneon Cannn', wrongdoing (AuGVSTINII).Aftcr cursingC. n.an.Noahblc .... Sh.mand J.phcth(EPHllfiM). NOAHs DRUNII:IINNUshDUB TOIGNO. RANCS. of CU: \Vhy was Noah no,blamed forfaHinginlodrunkcnnc .. ' Hi , faUingwa. not ducto inlcmpcunce but inex pcricnce. For he "' the fir" man' '0 pTC" Ihe fruit oflhe vine and wu ignoran' not only of ,he powcr of the drink but al.o of the kind of change it had undergone. Sccau it ought to bc mixcd fi .. 1 bcfort bcingdTUnk. he.uffcreddrow.ineu ,Thrcwa& nothing new about the f.ct rhat he was naked. For even no".ome pcople sleep naked. <lcep hav. ing ,ahn awar ,heir con,ciou,nen. The drunkennc ... addcd,o.lup.m.ke.eaoicr. dcf.n .. ofhi.nahdne ... G.N.SISS6.' NOAH'S DIlUN'UINNBU h MAGNtFtllD Br LONe; AIIST'NBNC . EpNas .. Noah,drunkcnne .. wa' hOtfrom.nucc .. of ",inc bu, hcc.u .. it had been a long time lincc hc had drunk.n)" wine. In the ark he had drunk no wine. Although an flr.hw ..
bring.ny win. on.o ,he ark. During ,he year aftcr.hc flood Noahdid not drink anr ,,;nc. In that fir .. ycar aftcr hr left ,he ark. hc did not plan' a vin.yard. for he ,amc Out of the ark on ,hc twenty ... "enth oflyor. ,he time when , he fruit.hould be.urting to m.'ure 156 and nO'lh" Umc for planling I Th ... forc,.cc'nglha,,, wuin,hc,hird y<'a.,hl,h'plan,.dth.vin.y". dfromth. .. on hlfh.b.ough'withh'm on.h.I,klnd,h .. "wlI,h",.o.cv.nfOIl' y.,.nb.for hey wOllld hav. bccom. a p.od"c"v.v'n.yard.,hu.w.u.h.narl .... . ilyu .. d""ngwhich.hejlls.on.hadno, .u dan)win . CO .... BNT .. R.Y ONGBNU' s 7.'.'. ' W, .. .. IT Lf.CHR.YS05 TO .. : P.rh'p on rh. o,ber h.nd .... m.onc m,gh.u).\Vh)'wl sv'n.drcssing .... ".ctnf ."ch "iblcwlCkedn ... , ln"oduc.d,n.o life! Do no. Idly bl" .. 0'" whit comeS ,n.n yourhud,Omln,.,ncd.eSSlng,.nn.w,chd nor llw,n vil-ruhu"".".e",fthemtn lC.SS. YolI .U.d.cadful lin .,i no,from win. U IlIch b", from .,.i,"d ofhllmlnd.pnvlt)thltllnde,min hebcn. fi.,hlt.hollld n .. "nlly c",m. from it.Th. rea.on,ha.nowaf ... ,h.dclll,ehcshowsyou .h .. ".eof win.il tha,y<>uma)Jea.n,h .. bcfo.e""ngw,ne,h. human rlcehld . ncom. 0g".ffromu.Bcfo.e .. ,nehldeven 'ppuud,humln hut0'l' gav videncc of the u".m"rofl;nfuln.u.ndllnbridl.dhccn .;"u.n.u.Th",,u,ntcnd.d '0 ,cach you ,h .. wh.nyouluthcwl) wme,.u d.yo"wm no, .. "ihut"u.lltow,nculuchbutto d.pnv.dhumln,ntcntionbcnton.viI.Con lidu wnut Wmt hu prond usd"v.l, nd ... mbl . Omln. Fo. WtnC is used in good things brwhkhou,uh .. ioni. mld c.1. Tho ..... hohlv.lnin.igh,in.o.piri.ullr.II; " und ..... nd .. G., .. u,sI9.'O.' \ \I' NE M .. No .... LUNDHa Of Woe .0 vou tna' .. ronj; d .. nkll ..... nulherri .. nd hng .. in'othen;gh, ... hil .... 'nelnflame. d .. nk win. and f.1I ,n.O a d,lInk.nnvporandbccam.nlk.d ,n ,he moulham.fv.lp;o,"ofhiJb<>dj'lodtatyOOl mlykno,",lh.tthcm1ndofm .. nuj.Ocon. fOllnd.dbywin ndth,,,"sonof,hehum .. n m;ndil m .. d odllllth .. i,d,,unothavecon Ccrn n for i .. clf. m" ch 1 ... fo. God .... Wh"n Lo, wu . oll d w;.h win., he (ommU' ,cd ,nc .. t w;th h"daugh .... and did no! kno ... h"milllk.;fromthatpa .. iona,.un,on came ,h. MOlbll nd the Ammonites. TilE TRAIN'NG Of NUNS '9.9: TH. LOI D THon " .. oCo ..... o H' 5 CUIoU"T Of AUX"'''D'' ' '': Tha, .. wh)' .hcdrunk.nn.u ofNo.h 1110 ha. bc.nd .. cribcd. ... tha' .... maygll .. d .. g .. 'n .. drllnk.nn ..... much .. po .. iblc .... i'h ,h. piclllrcoflllchafaUclca.l),de",rib.dbefDre ou. er" in Scripture.Tha'lS ... h).'OD . h. Lordbl .... d.ho.cwhocov .. cdrh hlm.o( h, .drunk.nn. ". SCrtptul"<',lummmg eryth,ngup,non IU(Clnct v."., h ..... id. " " n. I1 luffiCl.n. for Im.n .... UuIIght.lnduponhllbcd, h. lhaJl ru,."'C>tIUSTTHBE.ouc...TOR.1..1..j4. " C ..... TITT eo, " WHAT OI "NK.,NN ... HAD .. nof ALUA"o", .. : Th. chutc.on could no,.ndu,. Jookingupon the immock5' nlkcdnu. of I tood man; ,hu tityco ..... do .... whatdrunk..nn .. l hadu pOlcdinltr.nlgrcSlioncommittcdi l\ igno. ,lnccb".mlnif,,,,cIIl.CH.,sTTHIEuuc .. To .. :.65'" '!=C'ht ... 'KlUOSO. 'lol<ll. 'Q".Gcn9<JO.M. 'Fe .wl). 'G. .lI US-1U9 "FCn,u . No ..... , OaUW"II<r<.U PIIFIGUIU TMI PAU' O" of CH. " T. CVU'A'" \VhcnChrill uy . 'l.m thclrucvinc; " th. blood of Chrin i. UUITedl)' nOt Water but winc. W. ar d mcdandmadc.linbyhilblood. Sutmth."'pi'i.no'w'n uch.h,u .cdccm, but hi. blood. Thi. i.dcdarcdbj .hcucram.nt.ndtc .. imonyof.UthcScrip 1\1rc<.Fotwcfind,hllcv.n,nGcn .. ilaUo. ,nrupcc,of,hcuc.am.n,prefigu.edin No.h. Tha, h. drank wine ""U '0 ,hem a pt<. c"nor.ndfigu .. of,hcLordl pu.lLon.Noah ... umadcdrunkbrhi.w,n "aJm.d. n.k.din hll houschold, .. " lying down with hu ,h'gh. n.k.dlndupo.ed . nd.hc n.kcdn.uof ,h.fllh ....... obu .... dbr h .. Hcondlonand ... u,old abroad but " .. cO c d b)' 'wo. ,h. cid ... and tn. young.". and othcr m.IIU. which iti. nOt nc<uury to fo[ 10 ... ou,. h lI.nough fo. UI limply '0 cmb.ac. ,hcundcrsllnding .th., Noahsc< forrh"rp. of,hc fu.ur. "u,h. NOlh did no, drml:wucrbu, ... 'n nd,husup ..... din ad\'lnc< rh. figurc of th. p .... ,onof,he Lord. LITT .. ' NO .. H SO"Ho"oaP I<W S TKI Caoss.Jl lo ... :Aftt h.dclugeNoahd.ank .ndb.c.m.dmnkinhi. ownhou . ndhi. ,h'gh,w<:.cuncov.r.d and he ,, .. cxpo d in hllnakcdnus. Th.dd.rb .... ,hucam.along and laughed: ,h'rounger. ho ... ncr.covctcd him up. All ,hil i .... id in tyrc ofth. S.vio . f<>r on ,h. croSl h. h.d drunk of the pau;on: 'Fa,h ... if ,tilpoSJiblc.lc,.hi.cuppu.aw.j' frommc.""H.dra nk .nd ... uin.bria .. d.lnd hlSthighlw.rcl.idba .. -thcduhonorofth. cfOSJ.Th.old bro,h .... thcjc ....... m.
covcr.d up hi. ignominj"HO ... ,LllSowG.r<. .",;." W HT C .. " .... ... Wu CUUIO. EpHa .... TH I SnIAW: No,"" curacd C.Rlan.laying, 'CurHd be Can.ul\. A don of .laY" .... n h. be ' 0 hi. brotheu."lIu .... h.t.incould CaRlanhavo commimd.v.n ifhchadbe.n right behind hi. fllher when Hlmob.., ... cd ,h. nalr.cdn . .. of Noah! Som. say .ha, bo:uu.J.e H.m hd be.nbl.SJ.dalongwi.htho ..... ho<:ntcr.dlh. ark and c.mcou' of it. Noah did no. cu,ac Ham hi"""lf. ev.n .hough h ... on. w .. o ..... "' .... d.g ... vedh,m'".dy.Oth .... hoW<:v.r. oayfromthcf.c.,hatScriptur ... y.,'Noah kn ..... v.'Y.hingthlthiTOun'.Jt.on .. a.d don. to hIm; 11 11 cl ... th .. " .... no,H.m who ob.CTved h nlkcdncl$.for HIm wl.I.hc middl, "on .ndno,.h.youngtlt,Forrhilrc., 'on Ih'y"r1ha, Can.un . h. younge., old of th. nu.dn ... of ,h. old mIn. Then Ham .... n'ou'.ndjokinglytoldh"broth .... Fo, ,hi caoon .h.n. l>'cn ,hough it might be thought.hatCanunw"cllracdunJ""dr,n u.athcdid ... h"hcdidinhisyou,h.lli1lh. wllcun.djuldyforh.wuno,cursedin.h. pJ .. oof.no,h . Noah kn.,, ,h., Canaan would d .., .... ,h. clI l'$C;n hil oJd.gc, or ...... h .... ouldno,hlvcbe.ncu ... dinhlJyout ... .. CO ....... NTAlYOWG.NESIS .,.1"'."w:w_ . ..... ,lk)'J. "FC-.-r.,t..- _____ "' __ oIc...-,"",,_ "'rNoolt"" .... olHo.rw_oIC-- ...... WMaI ........ ___ _ oI<o .... 0II ___ ""' __ .. .. _ ."'-'''''''' ... &a.or (d: .... 7", LO. r. .. _ "'""""""""'"'Ho. __ ...... ___ hw._
....... c.-"K. UfS. ''Ti F .. LLO",THI C .. ' LO.I ... Allcun,,<., \Vhy did Ham lin andyc,cngcanccwatdcdandagains,hil ... n Can .... n! \Vhy was the Ion of Solomon pllnilhedbychcbrukingupofchek.ing doml"\Vhy ... uchclinofAhab.kingor bncl. viliccduponhilpo"erit yl" Ho ... do werudin,hc .. crcdbooks:Rurning.h. iniqui,yof ,her.,heTlin.o . hebolomof,hcir childrcn.r,crthom"lnd"Viliting.h.i niqui.y of,ho r hc .. upon , he child,en un,o ,he third and fou .. h gcno"'ionl"- The number heu can be: uhn fM III.h. ducondanO$. Ar. mu- 11 ... men .. fdul Who would "'y mi. bu, the mOI'''I'''n.n.",yof.h.d,..;n ....,rd,1Th.n carn.lscn a"o".""nof.h.pcopl.ofGodo( th.OldTc"amen,bi".uchildrcn(orthe .. nl ofthlTp.unll.Ac .. 'NSTJULI .. N6.lS.h." WH'r THBCUBU 8 ." .... W'TH So .. s SON.)UST'''' M .... TU.: In th. bl ... inglwilh which Noah blutel hi.lwo Ion h 100 curluhil.on,.o".For .h.proph.IKSpiri, wouldno.cu .... h ,onhim .. lf incch.had alr drbe:cnbI .... dby God.'ogh., ... i,h .hco.h ... onlo(Nolh. But . i"" h. punisl!. m.n,of.h ,n ...... obetranlmin.dd .... ".o all Ih. po"."ry of.hc Ion who !aughcd IIhil fa.hcr'1 "udll)', hc mao!c ch. curscbc:gi"wi, h .h'''''''I ... BOTHC ............. NDH .... A.IISU.J.CTBD TOGOO'Pu .. " .. ..... T.CHUSOSTOM:To b.'Ur IOmewi!loarlhillhoWl lh ... h.ru .onhcdidnot cu ... Ham wu,ha,hch.d cnjoycd bl ... ing from God. Ncvc"htle .. ,wh) "",ha;,houghH .. n .. ."h.,inn C.n .. n had ' 0 par ,h. pcnlltr !ThLl dou no,happcn ,d1r ."ncr. H.m d,d no, en<iur. le .. puni.h. m.n, ,roan n .. lon. He ,"" r.1t 10$ .ffuu. You kno" _U. o( <<>u .... ho,,mmanrcuc' faoh.r,h.""beggcdto ... durcpun"hm.n.in placc .. rchcirchildrcn.Sccing.hcirchildr.n bcaflngpunilhm.n'prov morcg .. evoUl form of chaa.i.em.nt form. f hu han be:'nglubj.ct.oi,th.m .. ... Ac<ord,ngll' .hi. incid.n,occurrcd",.h" Ham.hould .ndungrca rangui.h OnaCCOUn' ofhi'nuu Tll..nion .... Ih God'. bl ing Ihould con,i nu. wi.hou.implirmcn'and ... ,h hil .on in b.ing.h. obj." of ,h. "' .... hould Itonc for hilown .ins. You . "en if,n ,h. I"ru.n, in".nc. h.buu,h.cu.5Conaccoun, ofh"fach.r'llIn.nevcrlhclu.ilwuiikclr .hllhew ... atoningforhi.ownf.ihngo.. ln olh.rwordl, i,"'un ..... nirforh .. r.,hcr'l lIn Ihalhcborcthccurscbu.pcmap'allof",.hc purpo .... rhi.,u.ring.hu.icrpcn.ltr on hllownlccount.A;,.,.U.fotproof,ha,p" n"""no.puni, hedfor.h.irchildrcn. nor childr.n for.h.irpar.n .... ach b.ing habl. for ,h.linlh.hucommi".d.youcanfindf qucnlll ... m.nllamonglhcinsp".d aU.hOfl-U.forin ... ncc.wh.n.he),laJ"
be: IC' on.dg ... " "Th".oul.ha, Ihall d,c 11 lh .... ul!h .. lin ... " andagain."P.rcnulhall no,di.for,h."childrcn.n ... childr.nfo, ,heir paren .. : HOI uu 0" G."u. s '"lI." TH! G ..... TBlT R.' .. II .... cllli Du .. TO Ou. r ....... T . AMIAO.E: v.'bcn wc rcad ,hat hc ,, blcllcdwho,,ublc ... dbrh .. r .. h nd Ih h ... .. cu ... dwho,, .. cu .. cdhJ'hi. fach . wclcarnabovcall claewhllgrcatrc,, c.cncc.olho,,ourp.rcn ... AndGodg ... c this ptivilcgr to parenn . oas to arou8c re. pect in ,he children. The formuion oflhc children is hen,.he pre>gaoive of dl. par en ... Thercforehonoryourfa,hertha.he m.yblc .. you.Pn"lARCHSI.I." THBWORDSuvtUUDJ'ORTHBF' RST T'MB,AuGUSTINE:\.Vhcnsubject;on camc, it ,,u mcrel yacondi.ionde.ervcdlyimpo .. don inful man.So, inScr;p,ure,therci. nom.n nonof.hc wordJlaor un,il holy Noah u .. d it ,nconnec"onw;,h,hecurs.onhi on' .... rongdoing." CITY OF GOD 1\l. IS." 9:26-29 Noah BI.ss" Two SO", NO .. HBLIIUUSHU ..... oJ .. PHnH. EPH"" .. .. ":AfterHamh.db.cn cuned through hi s onc .on. Noah blused Shem .. ndJ .. phe<h and n id. "May God incruse Japheth ... nd m.y hedwcll in the tent ofShem ... ndletCanunbcthcir . lavc." J .. phcth increaocdandbecamcpowcrfulin hi. inheritancc in the north and in the w.ot. And Goddwe!tinthc,entofAbrah .. m.the de"cn dan,ofShcm ... ndCanunbec .. m.dleir , lave whcninth. d .. ys ofJoshua.<OnofNun, th liraditndutroycd.hedw.Uingplaccs of Canaan .. ndpr .... dth.i r lud ... intobond ag .... COMMSNT .. RY ON '.4.1. " .......... ", ........... .- """but>maoboutoolrunol.....r..l"","""",,-"FC :z.4,ZU. ";looI>17'U. "FC91:lo06. 10:1 32 THE DES CEN DANTS OF JAPHETH. HAM AN D SHEM art the gt nm'tions of thr sons of Noah. ' Shem, Ham. and Japh.th; sOn, WeTe born 10 lTh. sons of Japherh: Magog, Madai . Javon, ' Tubal. Mes huh, and Tiras. son. of Gomer: Ashke"az, Ripharh. and TogaTmah. "The sons of Jailor.: Elishah, Tarshish. Kitrim, ar.a Dodonim. ' From thelt rh. roa.tl ar. d pcoplessprtad. Tbe .. aTl the sOns ofJoph. r rh' in . och "'ith hi" own language. by their f amili es, in Iheir narions.' 'Th. of Ham: Cush. Egypt,! PilI. and Canaa". 'Th. sons ofClIsh: 5. ha, Havilah, Sabtah. Roamah, and Sabr<co. Th. sons of Roamah: Sheha ana D.dar.. ICIISh became rhe fa lher of Nimrod; b. was rhe fi rsr on rarlb ro b. a mighly' mar. . ' H. was 0 mighr)" hunr er brfore" Ih. Lo.oo; rhereforc ir i. said, "Like Ni mrod a mighly' iH,"Ur before" Ihr Lou.." beginning of /:Ii, kingdom was Babd, a"d Accaa, a/l of Ihem" in th. land of Shinar. "From Ibar land h. 11'."1 inlO Allyria, " and buil r Calah "nd "RUt" &CII"CC" Ninc"cb ,,"d C"I"h; rhar is rht trur 'ir]. UEgyprJ bwmH rh. jarbtr "r Lwdim, A,,"mim, Leb"bim, N"ph-rwbim, "P"rbrw!im, C",lwbim ( wbtnu '''mt Ibr Pbililfillrl),,,"dC4Iplua.im. " C""""" br'''m. lb. j"lber "j Sidoll biJ frrH-b".II , ,,"d Helb, '6""d tbt jcbwJil n. lb. Amor;,rJ, tbt GirtaJbirrJ, " tbe Hi,,;reJ, tbe ArkiltJ, Ibt Si"IIU, " rbr Ar"adirts, rbe Zema.- irt!. a"d tbe H"marbiItJ. Ajrr.ward rbe jam;liel "j rbt Ca"aA"iln Iprrad "broad. "A"d rh. ler.ilory aj rhe CAIIAAlliw e:l<ltndrd from Sida", ill I". di"clio" oj Gera., al fa. aJ Gaza, a"d i" Ihr dirre'ian ojSodom, Gomo, .a", Adm,,". a"d Zeboiim, a, f"r al La,ha. '"Tbtst art rh.,oll loj Ham. by lhcirf"milie',I"eirla"g"agrs., bti,'a"dl,,,"dlhri,"alio,u " To Shrm aho. 11,. falbe, of ,,11 tbr ,bild.ell Dj Eb.r, Ih. rIde, brOlhrr of japhrrh: ,hi/d,ell "'et( borll. "The 10'" of Shem: EI"II!. Allh .. r. A'pa,hlhaa. L"a, a"a Aram.''' UThe I""' of A,am: U:, H .. t Grlhtr. ""d MaJh. " Arp."hsb"a buamr Ih. fall." "f Shtl"h." ""dShrl"b'" "r,am.thrfalhtrofflrtr. tJTo Ebrr ",.rrbo ... IWOJO"" Ihell"m. oflbrollr w"I pt/rt:forin bisdaJJ IbttarlhwaJdi"idtd,,, .. dbi, brGlher",",,mr ",al jolt ra". "joltla .. buamr thr falher of Almoaaa. Sbdepb. H":z:,,,m""tl". jerab. l' Hado,am, U:z: .. !. Dilt/ .. h. " 01.,,/, Ht Abimarl. Sbeb". "' 0f'hi,. Ha"i/"b, alld Job"". ,,1/ Ihtl. wrr. 11. . ID", o!Joltla" . HTh. Irrrilory in ",hi,h Ihy lived exlt .. ded from Mesh" in Iht Ij,rtcuon of Iht hi!! cowntr] of th, ,all. " Thtlt art 11,. uns of Shtm. by Ihti, f"mili. I. the,r '''ng"agrs, Ihr irla"dl. a"dthrirna,ionl. n Thtlt art rht f"mili., of 11,. ID"S of Noah. "uordi"g '0 ,h.ir ge .. ,alpgi.I. In their .. alio"l. a"df,om Ihue I"e .. aliolll Iprraa "broad 0" Ihttarlhaflerlhrflood . ....... _ ux __ .,....,_ ... ...... (uv .. '-(l.XX ...... ..... __ w.. _____ -.-.--. _-s-- _PoooIoo. ..,..._ -..o..do _____ __ . ...-, ............ _ __ .... ____ ...-. ___ __ ...- z-w-s-_____ __ -.-. "-"" -............ ...... . .... .... ....... ,ux ..... _ ux ______ ......... oI_ .. ___ _ -*"' ......... .. ___ .. __ UX(.,..s_ 'ux_ .. :...0: _ __ .... . '->'1. ..... ,.!.xx ... ...,..-- LU .... .. . -UX __ --t.ltX .... ... "- - !.XI O"U."'II"" Th. narn.;". of Genu;. men ,ionl o .. ly thou ducendanu of Japhe.h. Ham and Sh.m who,, . .... \>l. , ,, fo.m ,h.i.o,,n famibeland.olp.ud.ndiff. r.nt u ofth. M,ddJ.E ... : (Auou'n .... j.Qn.ofth.ducen. danllofHam""IN,mroc!. ",nocnaledou: ,h.diff ... ntnauonl .... th.u,h.y utd.d 16; aownin\"otioUI '.gion.tha,theLordh .. d anigned to ,hem Nimrod ,,'u ,h. fint '0 iCI:. dcopotic rul. over ,he peopl. ( JillO>el j .nd,, .... olav.of.mbidon:h. ,, .. ntedtol>e<ome a n,tl.,andaktng (CHIlI 5OSTO.W). N, mrod."U nota I,,,.nt of God but a tyrallt who anedcrueUy.ga,n5t h" hroth ... { PIIUDO<TIUS). The p .. ugco in G.ncoi. 10:20. 10:31 and IO:32 (Kc alsolO,Sj. in .. hichthcdiffercnt n.llon.fo.mcdb), .hcduc.nciannofJapheth. H.m.ndSh.m .... d ..,. ibcd ... fcrIO.hc pc.iodfollow,ngth.fallofth.towcr. whcn th ... nationl alrcad),.poketh ... ownlan gu.gcl (AOOuST.",.). Onc ofth.d ccndantl ofSh.m ..... Ebcr.from .. homthcHcb ..... oflg,n.tc(JEkO .. . j . 10: I Tbt Gumll io,u of Nul" SUI Duc:."D ..... T'WHoFo . ... DF .. "uu ... "nN .. T' ONI.Au<.HlST'NE,WcmtU.rn .. e. forcmtroduccinu.tni .... o.k.ncxplanallon ofthcgcne .. "on.oflh.lhrcclOR,ofNoah. 'nlOf .... rha.mrillw ..... th.prog .... 'n timcofth.twOClliu.Scripturcr..,tm.ntionl .h. young ... IOn. who IlClllcdJ.>phcth. who h.d.'gh'lOnl, .ndby.wo"f.h .. gr.ndchildr.n . hrccbyon on.fourb) .h. o.htr;,n all. fiflCcn d ... cndan . Ham. N""h. middJe Ion, had four .oni.and by on" ofth.mfi ... grandlonl ndbyoncofthc .. .wog .... g .. ndlOnl;tn.U. dcv.n.Aft cno m.r."ng .h ,Scrip.u ..... urnl .o .h.r. ... of,h on nd"YI ."Cu,hbcg .. Nimrocl;h ... pnrobc.gi.n.on.h.c .. th:H.,, ... gi.nt huntc g .. inll.he Lo,dGod,hen,c,hey 1.I)."N,mroclam,ghtyhuntcr bcforcthc Lo.d .. Andth.bcginn.ngof h.l k,ngdom ... .. fubylon.Ercch.Accadanduln.h. inth.l.nd of Sh.nar. Out of that land w.n. forth Auur. .ndbuihN.n.v.h.R.hoboth-I ndulah ndR ... nb ....... nNin.v.h.nd C.lah,thi. ..... grc .. cnr'" No ... ' rh .. CtUh.f .. h.rof.h. gi.ntN,mrod. ... ,h.fir ... nam.d.monshc IOn' of H.m . o whom IOn. and ''''0 gr.ndoon . ....... ibcd. Burh nh.rbcg.t rh" glan:.f .. , h" 1ranci.on. wc rcborn or whichi,mo.cc...,diblc.Scripturc lpcwof him l cp tcl yon accounlofhilcmincnc fo. men.ion;1 also m.adc of hi, lungdom. whicl! began with th.t magnificcnt d ry Babylon. and th.o.h pl.cc ..... hcth., citiu ordiltricu. mcntioncd a1ong","h it. Dill wh.rilfUo .ud of the l.nd of Shin ... whoch bclongcd.o Nim. ro,l". kingdom-that AlIu ..... n. fonb from il .ndbuihNincveh.nd,hco,he,c"'c' mcn. .ion.dwi.hit-h'ppcncd long.ftc . Bu.h. .u.uoccllion,o'pcu.ofi.herconl"olln, of,h'g.andcurof.h.Auy"anlr.ingdom. which wu wonde.full y u.cndcd by Ninus aonofBchu.an.dfounduofrhcg,ulc1IY N.n ... ch. which wu nam.d .ftc. h.m. N,n' uch. f.omNinll . ButAu llr.fathcrofth. Auyrian wu no. onc of.he 1 0no of Ham. Noahl lon.bu."follndlmongtit onlof Shcm. h"cldeot.on.Whcnte "'pp"'.",h.t .mongShcml off.pnngrbucaro ... m.n who . f rward..ook po ..... ion .. tgi.n", kingdom. and ad"lnclng from i . fOllndcd oth.r <iriu. the fiu. of .. h,ch w U call..,1 N,n' .... h.from Ninu . From him Scriptur. .crurnl to Ham', olh .. Ion. Mi: ... m, HII aon. ar.cnllm ..... d.no ....... cnlRdi .. idu .. b bllt c ... nnation . Andfrom.he,iarh.uif f,omth "rthaon. lh.rac.call.d.he Phil". 16: ..n ....... id.oh .... lp'ung oth.t,h .. c .. . in.ll.ight.Then;t.cturn g.into Canaan. ,nwho"'pc.oonH.mwucuflcd. andhll d .... nlOn rcn. mcd.Th.n.h er ... ori .. thcyoccupicd,.nd.om.o{th.ci.i arc n.m.d.AndthUl,i{_coun.lon ndgn.nd Ion,. Ihcrc.rctbinyon.o{H.m. d .... n d.n .. .. Si ... r.d . hrcml1n om.nl1onthc.., n,ofShem. No.h. elci .... on.fo.toh"n.h"genul<>g,cal narra.iwci",ciu.llr aoc.nd.from.h.young Ut. Du,.n Ih. comm.flCem.n: of , he .. co.d of Shcm on it.r. "ano;'tcuntytitatcalbfor upbnation i$ w;,h ,heobjee,ofourinv.n;guion.Forwerud. "Un,oShemalso.thcfachcrofallthechildrcn
childrcnborn."Thisisthcorde,of,he .. o,cU: And '0 Shem was born Eb.r.cventohim.clf. ...... bornEb.r nd Shcmi.,hefathcrofallhi.ehildrcn.Wc .. c intcndcd.ounder ... nd.ha,Shcm il.h. pa.,ia,ch of all his po .. cri.y who w.r. , obe mM.ioned.whcrh.r . on . grands"n grur g,andson. ord .. c.ndan .. at any di. unce. For Shcmdid no. begctEber.who was ind din thcfifthg.ncra.ionftomhim.FotSh.m bcgat, among o.h ... on Arpachshad; Atp ach.hadbcgatCainan.Cainanbeg.,Salah. Salah b.gat Ebc'. And i. wU wi.h good tU- ",n,h.thcwasn.mcdfirst.mongShcmsof!" spring . .. kingprcc.d.nc.cvcnofhi.",n .houghonlj.grandchildofthcfifthgcnc .. - tion.Fo,f,omhim . s <r.dition l 'y". ,hc Hcbrcw.d .. o.hcrctymologj ,h.,dcrivcs,hcn.mcftom Abraham ( if Abrahcwsj may p""iblr be ,orrcct.Butth ceanb.littl.doub' tha hc rnrmc,i hcrightctymologj.ndth.tthcj' wcr.called.f .. rEbcr.H.ber.ws.and,hcn dropping. I ...... H.brcw" and so w .. rh.ir l.nguagcc.llcdHcbrcw.whichw ... pok.nbr none bur th. pcopl. ofhr.cl.mong whom ,.,as,h. cirrof God my"criou.lrprcfigurcdin al1th.p"0pl ndrrul)prc n'inrh .... in ... Si%ofShcmslons.hen.rcfir"n.mcd.thcn fourg,ancUons born ,,,on.ofth.u.on.; thcn it mcntion no.h .. ,onofSh.m.whobcg.t. g<and.on;andhi on,again.orShcml grca, gr.nd",n. ,. .. Eb ... AndEbcrbeg.ttwo.on. andcallcd thc on. Pcleg. which mun$divid ,ng:Scrip.urc.ubjoin.thcrc .. onofthi s namc. saying. fo. in hi. days w."he .. "h di",dcd:\\'hatthi,mcan, ",m aft",,a,d. .pp.",.Eb" .othcr ",ngavcbirchtotw.lvc .ons;con,cqu.ntl).JJ Shem', drsccnd.nrsat< twenty-feven. 'o,al number of ,h. . evcnry . hrc., fift nbyJ.phcrh,thirty.on.b)"H.m. twenry . evcnbrShcm.ThcnScrip.urcadd, Th c.rcthc.o",ofSh.m.after,hci,fami . li ft .. th.i,.ongu inth.i,lands.af .. , ,h.ir nation ." And ",ofthc whol. numbcr Th ...... th.f.m,li .. ofth on.ofNo.h .f ... th.i'gencration in th.i,n" .. onl: and bythes.w .. cth.i,l ofthenation,di, . pe .. cdthroughth ... rth.ftcrthe flood: F,om which wcgathcrtha,th ... v.nry-t h ... {o'ra.h ..... I.h.nprc ntl).ho,, ... v.nry ,woj w.rcnorindividu.l.bu,nar;on . Forina formcrpassage.when.heson.ofJ.phethwcr. 'numrra .. d.i,i ... idincondu, ion."By ,h ... wercth. idc. of.h. nation, divid.d in thci, lands"v.'Y0n.afterhi . l.ngu'g ,n.h. i, rrib ... nd in th.irnation.: Bur nalion .... . xp .. ssly mcntion.d amongthc.on.ofHam.a.lsho,...d.hovc "/I.1;%raimbcga,rho .. ,.,ilO.rce.ncdLudim and.o.l.oof<l,. na,;on.: And .fte,cnumeratingallof,h.mltcondud ... Th .... rcth on. ofH.m,in rhclrfami li ... . ccordingto.h.ir l.ngu.g .... ntheir .. "i.o.i .... ndinth.irn .. ion. :Th ..... on, ,hen. whr,n. childrcnofsc"cr.lof.hem ...
'0 oth.r nation. and did not thcm.elve. b .. om.nation \.Vhrelsc i,i,d,..tnough eight.on. arcrcckoned.oJaphc.h. thc.o", ofonlytwoofthu .... m.n .. on.d;.nd I"ough four arc rcckon.d '0 Ham.onl)'th ... .rc .poken of as l onl: and a .. rcekoncd ' 0 Shcm. th. dcsccnd.n" of 163 onl)',woof,h ......... ccd'Did.he rcst rcmainehildlcss,Wccanno,.up?osc ,o; hu, ,n. ), did no, produce n.,ion. so .. ' ,,arun hci.beingmenlionedbut w ... ablnrbed,nlhenation o",hu:hrhcy belonged by birth. C'TY OF GOD ,6. ).' T .. . P.UU .. .. IN GIINU1& R ..... TO y" . P ... , OOA. T . .. T .. . F .. LLOfTII .TOW.II;. AUGU$TINI: In th. nme book [of Genuu]. wh,(nth.generalion.orthelOn.ofN .... ha..., recaUed 10 ou, minds. wc tud.n ... a..., .h. ,hildr.nofHam>nthc'r",bc.KCOtd,ng lo tho"rongueI.inth.irl ond.andn."on.:' AI.D. inenum.ta"ng .h. lOn.ofSh.m, .. 1J . aid. n c .. c rh. child,cn of She m in the;, rribes ."ord,ngroth.;rtDngucs.inth.i, land.lndnadon.:' And,hi.i.add.d,nr.r.r. .ncc , 0.11 Df ,h.m:n ..... Irt the tribes of th. IOn.ofNolh."co,di ng.n.hc,, Icnorl' tlon.on.daccord,ng.olh.;,narion . From ,ho ....... ,h.illand.of,hen .. ion uucr.d o".r ,hc .... h.fr.rthcflood.And.hewhDI. e'l'Ih .. 'asonttonguo,andthc. o wason. 'pecchfo,IJI." And.o,t>ecau thi.nn .. nc. wasldd.d:Andth a"h,,'uon<longu.and th ..... uonclpccchfo, all {.h .. i . ont l.n guagc for thcm IlIj. " could bo inf .... cd.h" a, .ha, "m when humIn boings hId boen IQ . , .. dKCo,ding . o . ho island.of.henation. o".r,h ..... h . hc .... .. on.l.ngu.g.com mon.o.llof.hcm.Without.doubt.lhi,con ".di". thc ... D'd.u.cd abo" . .ccordins'o thcirtribo.and.onguc.:For ... ch.ingl. "ibo rh .. had formed ind,vidu.l nl"onl wouldnotbo ... id,oh."ch.d".own . ong .. e whcn .hcr. was I common onc for all. So" .. by wayofr.cap"ularion.h ... h , dd.d: And,h ..... hwuon ong .. c . ndlh.r. w .. one'p"cchfor.JI:ncna"a"vc,wuho .. r mtn"on,ngil.g"".ba,k rotdl how,:clme abou"h .. mtn,,ubrokcn"p ,n,om'n)",ongu.,.And ,mmtd ... tl,. .. thetow.r.wh.nrhilpunishmtnrfor.he .. prid.wa.infl iclcdupon.hem by.hediv,n. j udgm.nt. After . hil even' they w u. teredoverth.earthacco,ding.o .hcirlan, gulges.C .. _.ST, ... , I N5T .. UCTJON).)6. 5),' N ..... ou C ....... aVY T .. . N .. TION5 AccoaO'NG TO Gou. W,Ll . E ........ TII. Sy .. , .. N: Concern,ng Nimrod. Mo uid, Ht,, .. am,ghtyhun .. ,b.ro ..
wo. hewhofoughlwi:h","ofthc .. na,ion. . ndch .... dlhemou' from ,h.r . o.hlt Ihcy would go ou, and l."leinlht rtgion.tha, hid bo.n ... 1 ap ... for by God. Th .... forti, ,"uid.liktN,mrodamigh,yhunlcr bcfo .. ,heLord:On.u ... d , obltls.h,.ror arul.rbysay,ng.M' yyo .. b.likcNlmrod migh, yhun.cr who ..... ",cl<>riD ... inth.b". cl .. Dr ,h. Lord: 0 .. GBNU'S 8.,.2.' N .... OD , . TH. F, UT TO RULE o v." PIO.U. )1100 ... : 'And Chus [Cush ] bog.: N'mrod. nil man bogln.o bo pG"",rful In .. " .. :And . ft.'al"d ...... hilt. illayli, And theboginni ngofh' li kingdomwuB.abol IndArachIn<lAch.d.ndChalan n.in rh. land of Senur [Sh>narJ:Nimrod. IOn of Chus ... u ,he Ar .. ,o i%Cd.'poric rul. 0"", .h.p"0plc .... t"chmcnwc .. noly .. accus ,omcd'o:lndhere'gn.dinB.abyloft,wh,ch ..'U clllcdBabol,boCl ..... ,htllngulr sof thDIO build,ng .ower w .... thrown inlo confu .. onthcrc.Fo.Bao..l$lgnif,clconful1on. 'G.,Ool(l. '(;..,'0:'1 11". 'fC:''''''''. 'fC'J..I*,,- Th.n he abo reigned in Arach, .hal la, In Edlloa:andinAchad,whichilno ... caUed Nllibit;andinChalanne.whichwll la r ca1l.dSeleuciaaf.orkingStlellcu . ... h.niu nOm. had b n chang.d and which I. no'" in .c .... Jfac.call.dC iphon.H ..... wQ" .. TIO",.ONG.",U,S,o.S.o.' N, ... OD OU ' .BDTO B.co".A K, ,,,c;. CHBUOfTO": Th.n sacrcd ScrlP'U'" on from th,. po,n, '0 ,cll o(,hcchild.en born.o Ih. ,on. in thclc wo.ds:Now. Ham b<camc ,h. r.,h ofCII.h; and fllrth.r.Now.Cu$h became ,he fathor of Ncbrod (Nimrod), who bcgancob<agi.n,onunh.H.,,u.gian. hun'.r b<forc the Lord: While fOm. I"'0pl. oay ,h. phraub<furc Ih. Lord' m .... nl b<Ing inoppo"ilion , o God.lon Ih. con"a'1' do no, .h".kc dScrip.u ... illmplyins,hil. R.lh.r." ,mpli ha, [Ni mrod) " .... rong and brav . But the phrasc bcfo ... hc Lord- mUn, created b) hi m. rc"eiving f.om him God', bl ... ing. 0. i. mar mun .h .. God ... a. on.hepo>nco( .. o>uingoll.wondcrlhrough him bycrcatingluch .... mark.bl. c ... atu ... anddllplayiDghlmb<fur.wonlh.urth. N.m,od.oo.how.ve . inhi urnin ,mi ;on of h., forcb<.rdid no,.ak.du dvanugc or h"nlluralprmin.nccbu,hiluponano,h. form o(oervirud. in.nd.avoring co bccom 1I1 .. andking.You .... ,h.rc ... ouldnol. vcr b<.kingllnlc .. ,hctcw cp<oplcbc,ng ruLcd.Su,in.h.,c.nf ... domi.",cnfot whal .. teall), I . whetus IJav.'1' il ,h. mo .. gaUingob"acJ.,ocondi,ionloffr .. dom. ... h.nallrh.mo pow.ri ,...dHdov f .... l"'0pl . S..wha,ambi"onilguil.yor. Oblcrv.bodily.ucng.hnork"pinsoi .. limi .. burcon .. antly lu .. ing.flCrmo. e.nd cJurching (0. glorr. You I ... ,he ordc .. [Nim hc hccv.obuild.ci.ieowirllavicw .oru],ngon h n.rny. Ho .. ,uuo"'G .... SlJlg . g.' N . .. . ODI ' .. TT .... "'T WHOF. GHTI AGA' Hn H. , S.oTH ,.P.UDBNT'Uf: A Nimrod. who Soc ound . h .... orld. mad. rough W"hdccp .. ... Tovanquuhoth.nbrhi,s,anta,ml And.prcad hi. d.adJy "iurnph,f ... nd wide O G.NO.SUII .S! TH. H ....... , OUCIHD OM E . JaaoMa: b(r. from ... hom .h. Hebr.w, d.H.nd.d.b<ca"",of'p.ophcc) gavchIlJOn .hen.rnePtles, ... h,chmcan,drvu,on:on .ccoun.or,h.f .... h .. inb .. d.y.,h.l.n gu.gClwufd.vid.dupinB.bylon.H ........
16, G."u'S""-9 11:1-9 THE TOWER OF BA BEL ' Now Iht wholt t"rlh h"d O"t 1""g""gt "".I ftw ',4. "J "I mt" mig .. utd from Ibe t4lf. Ihryfo""J .. ploi" i" Iht lo"d ofShi"o,! "nd ultltd Ihlrt. JA"d Ihe)' laid.o ont uo.htr.' Com Irl NI maltr briclts. ""d b".n Ih.m Ihoro"ghl)".of And .ht)" had ".icltfor liOn . olld bi.umr" for mO,la,. 'Th." Ihry laid. "Com b"ild o",srlvrl a cilY. ""d a lown w;.h ill 101';11 Ih. o"d I "I m"lt. a nOm. for 1'1' w. ". JCo.urrd .. broad "POll .hrf .. " oflbr wbol.urlb." ' A"d th. Loar>'"mt dow" 10 ,rr .1,. d f)"and .ltr lown. wb"h Ih. lOnl ofm," h .. d &"ill. fA lid 11" LoUts,,;d. "B,hold. Ibt)" a .. 0'" propk a"d.btyltovta!Jolltl""gw"gr;a"d.hil ilolll,lh'&'gi""i"gof whollhrywmdo;ud 1I0thillg .1,,,1 Ibt)" p,opOSt 10 Jo wi!1 "Ow b, i"'poUiDlt fo. th,m. IComt . ltt "I go .low". o"d .hrr, ,0llfWlt tlttir I""t"alr. that Ih.)" m"y IIOt ""drrJIand 0". ""ot"rTI Ipr.,"." 'So tht Loar> IUIIr .. d Ibt'" obroadfrom tbtrt ovr. Ih f",t of an tb. t"rth. ""d Ih', Itft.offbllil.:!. j"t th. cily: ' Th.rrforr;1I "am, W"I uU,d B .. &d," b"",,1t thrr. th. Lo.D lonfll,td' lb. Ja"l"ag' " of oJJ th. t"rth; all.:! fro", thtT. Ih. Loo. Ic"ttH.d Ih.m abroad ov .. Ih. fa .. of a!Jlh ortb. ,'-' .... IoIoI.......,I.U_.,....."' .. ux_I.U ...... _ .... . ......... 'ux_""I-U .......... _ -I.U __ ). oV'.' ' Bw,ThtSep,u'gin,rrnderoSabclu Sabylon ' andinthis pau.o.gttransl. .. "si,u confuJlon:Th. men who mlgu,. from ,h. ca .. ,n order to found Sabylon.rc led by amb;,ion and pride (CHOXSOSTOMj. Sohylonis fO\lndcdby Nimrod,.schecap".lofhi.lung dom.Tntmh.biun .. ofSabyloncon .. ruCf Ih.towcrbeca"stln.hcuptid htywan.,o defy.ho power of God (AUGunt".). Tbe inhabotanll of Babylon ace g,.nu who build the.ow.cforth ... ownsaJ, ion D'O""YSlU' j. \\lhen God "p,Come.let u.'" dowII .nd ,h ... canf".tlhei,langus:hei, addrcui ng ,heo,her pcnofU of ,h. Trinltr (AOGUntN. j. The Son 11 the 0"" who IS 'enl.O ,h< urlh In ord.t foconf" .. the lanj!"".ge (Nov.o.n ... ,. ). S".arh, ",h.hi,anuofBabrlon ",. ch. p"vi- I'geofh.yingas;ngle!angu'g.forcyilp"r. pooc.GodconfuJ rheir'pch",fhu.hey '" nOI able to "ndeutand.ac:h o' n"'nr - mO .. God ..... hu they ... abl obuildth.tow.rbcc ..... lhey.pukfh. "me l.ngllage. Therefo .. he confwo,.. rho .. lInguag.ino,der,op .. ven,.hcmfromfini.h.
\Vh.n.hcinhabi[lnuofBabylonlo h.ir l.ngll.ge ...... rbr .. luo" mongth.m.Nlm rod i"he one who winl rhi,,, .. a ndhocom ,httul.rofS.bylon.fttcheh .. ".neud,ho J'OP"lationofth.citythroughoutth.carth (EPHRII .. ). Th. inhabitanu of Sabylon arr K.n ...,d for the .. welf ... 01110 .. 11). The . doom of,h. ,0"'., ofB.bylon i,.con ... n, w .. nin,fo ho .. .. howan'.o.,hi f.m. by b"ild,ng Ipl.ndid ho ..... (CHIlTSOSTO .. j. 11,14 Tb. T"wrr of Babe' THonWHoFoul<oJl DBAJln.o ... L 5,,5T A .. . 'TI O .... CH .. TSOJTO .. , .. Wh.n.h.y ... "'v . l.df,om, h ...... th. yfoundopcncoun'ryin ,h. l.ndofSenn., (Shi nar).nd.."d.dth ... : Notic. ho ... ,h.h"m.n 'n .... d of m.n., ins '0 kp '0 ". own boundari , alway. long.fotmorcandrcachuou,forg .. ar ,hings.Thi.iswh ... h.h .. m.nracchulol<in r""icu1a . no. beingpr." ... d h.bm'tnion.ofi .. o ... ncond"ionbu,.I .... y. lu"ing"f ... mo . n ..... ;ning.mbi,ion. b.J"'ndl ... . .. g".d.,oo .... h.n p.opl.whochos."ftu.h.,hing.of,h.wo.ld acqui .. fo,.h.m..,l ' muchw ),h.nd ... ... s.th.ylo igh,of,hci.o",nn .... rc,ui. w.rc . ndupirc,o.uchh.igh., .h th.y'op pl.,n,o.h' ryd.p.h,.Youcould .... hi , .. yd.y ... ithou, .. being.ny ,h.wi from,h igh,ofi . ln".ad.,hc) pa .... fo "'hil.h,,'imm.diu.lyloH.UrcC. oll .. "onofotandtakt,h.",m o.dao.h. o,h .... ndfalloY.r.h."'m.p.ccipicc.Thi.i' ucd)whllyouc.n..,.happcning.othu.
"y in.h.landofS.nnar [Shinar) .nd ttlcd ,h ... : S..ho ... ing .. d"al .. agui ...... h .. u' ,h. ,n bihtyofth." ",,,tud . Wh.n ,h.r w,h.op<n ,oun,rr(h.,u,aay.}. ,hr p.ck.d up and I.ft.hcirpnviou.d .... lhng.nd .. "l"dciown ,h"rc. HOM'L' IS 0 ... GKNII'S )oS.' N, .. ao" Is TOll FouNo. a 0' B .. lno". AUGUSTINE: Thu city n .. m.d "Confu"on" wu non. othn than Babylon. to ... hou mar . velou on. " .. c,ionl'"ganhi.toryb"ng. t ... timon, u.ForB.bylonmun. "confu,inn." h would . eem,hat,h,foundcrof ,hc cltr "u ,h. giant Nimrod ...... os nodu d .bo.e.' In mcn,ioniogh,m. 'he Scrip.uro tdls u. ,h., B.bylon wu,heh.adofhi, k,ngdom.mun . ing., ,he hud of all th.o,hu c,,"u.thc'"r' i,al wh. r. ,h.gov nm.n, of ,h. kingdom hadiu . u"How.vcr.,hc d'y n :rru.h. d ,h.k,ndof .ompl .,nn.h .. ,hcpridcof impious m.n had dream.d. Th. act .. al pl.n caU.d fo, an imm.n h.'gh.-It ... u mUn, .o.uch ,h kJ. Thupcrhap. ref ... 'OOnC of i ... ow .... which WaJ '0 b. highcr ,han.ll ,h.o,herl.orpcrh.ps ,h ..""d ....... ' rn. ,. mun.U,he 'ow ... m".ha. ho ... .. n mun ,ho"unds of ho ... m.n. C'T' 0 ' GoP .6 .. TNI BUI L"I'" T NI To ..... , Dan GOII . AUGUI TlNI:Af h . flO<>d.asif ... ,.,ngto fOrlifyti>.m..,lv"'gainsrGO<l .,if.h.n couldbe.nyth,ngh,ghforGodo,any.h,ng .. c .... forprid . c ..... in"'oudm.nbuih. to ...... o""fl$,hl),IO.h .. ,h.) m',h,no.bc du ,roy.dbya flO<>di f on.c"mcl"ttr.For thrhadh .... d.nd ... . ll.d.h.,.I1'n'qu'q hadbe.nd lroycdby.h.noocl.Th.y"''' unwilling '0 .b.uin from ,n'qulty, IOIIghtth.h.igh'of o .... rag.m lt"flO<>d; th. y buih alofty .owcr.Godsawthmproci andh ... u d.h,.di,orcicr,obc ntll!">" ,h.m h ... Itlndonc.no,h ... "nd,ongunbccam.diff ... .n',hrough"r;d . T .... CT .. THa Gos PlL orJoHl< 6"0.:. 1 THE Tow .. , Is BUILT BY THB G . .. NTi PSBu" oD'ONYS'US: \Vha, abou, ,he w.rof .he gian ... described in Genelill !t is said, God wu.fraid of.ho.e powerful men.nd r,icked,hem,.ven.hough.heywer.buildi ng th.ir tower nO. to hann anyon. bu,fortheir own pre ,,a,ion. L6TTBU 9.115".' 11:4-8 God Con/II' .' Th.ir Lllngllllg. GOD RHFaaS TO TMB T .. n'ITT WM'" HB S ... YS " Ln Go DOWN. AUGUSTINE: It i. conceiv.bl ha. he .. ,h .. e m.)" h,v.Men an 1lu,ion,0IhcTrinity.ifwe.uppose.hat.h. Fatheruidto.h.Son.ndth.HolrSpi,it, "Com letu.duc.ndandconfoundtheir tongu ."Th.suppo.i,ioni ,.ound.Su, ifso. wemu,ulcoutthepos,ibilitrthatangel< "'"c meant. And surel)" it i. more proper for .he ang.l o come to God unbidd.n. mo"cd bjgracc . ha, i . bj the thoughts that make them d."ourljsubmi .. ivc tounch.nging rruth.as '0 , h ... "n.l la,, th .. rul .. ,heir heavenl)"courl.Th.ang.1sar.no,theirow n cri .. "onoftruth,bu,.dependingoncre ;v. tru,h . heymo".unbidd.ntowardi,as towa,d a founta;n oflife from which ,he)" must ;mbiM wh.t th.) do no' have of ,h.m .el"n.And theirmOl ion is ",ithoul change, since rhey hep coming. never rod'part.CtTY OFGOD,6.6.' THB SON Is ONB WHO TO E ..... TH ... ND Coo/ PUS .. THB L ... NGV ... GH. NOV ... T1A,;:Mo'''''pre .. n"Godasdesceod ing,o thctowerthatth onsofme"",e .. building . ... k,ng.oin.peClit.nd l"ng, "Come.lc:us godo,,nquickl)"..ndtherecon fuS<'.'"",I.nguag . o that they may nO' under"andon nother"" p.ech: ,>,<bodo theb.r .. ,0 ,h. tower in.hi. p .... ge.nd then oought to vi.i, thue men! Was he God .h. Fuher! In that c ... , God il enc1o.ed in a place. If .o, how.hendoe.h.embrac llthing.IO,i.i, po .. ibleth .. he.p uofanangdd cending wi.ho.h ... nge!sand saying,"c.,me, l lUg<> downquickly,.ndthe,econfw.theirlan. gu.g."1 On the contuC), we no.e in o.:ut.r onom)"lh.titwuGodwhorecounl<dth ... .hing ndGodwho'poke,wh .. ei.iswri. ten,"\Vh.nh catt.udabr.",drhe.on.of Adam.h uptheboundari .. ofth.peopl. .ccordingto ,he numr..r of,he.ng'ls of God."'Thereforethe Father did no,de"end . nOr did an angel command th ... ,hings, ,he narra.ive dearly indicat ... Accordingly,.he onlyremainingcondu.ioni ha,h. de".nd.dof whomth.apo"lePauluyo,"H. whodescended,hei,iswhoucend.daJoo abov llhe.v.n"th.,he migh' fill all .hing.:' that is, th. Son of God,the Word of God. ON TH.T,,'NITY '7.7. " \IlHY Do .. GOD THE ofTHBC'T'ZIINSOFB .. BYLON! CK .. nos TOM: Thi. in fact i. the ' .... rth. Lord is au. ,0m.d.oMh.v . Thi,i,,,,hat he didin,he Mginninginth.c .. eofthe{first J womanas well.Sh.h.d.busedth.st.tu,confer don her.andfor.hatreuonh ubjecrcdher.c her hu.band.Again,r"",in ,h. <asr ofAd.m. l incehed .. ,,ncad,..nu.gefromthe grtat .... h njoy.dandfromlif<inth.gard.n bu,ra.herrenderedhimselfliabl opuni.h m.n, through the fall,God drove him ou' of .hc garden.nd inflicted on him.verlasting punishm.n,in,hcword. "thorn. andthistlel IM
th. p.., .. nt cue, who had beend'lniA.d wirh imi!amyofl .nguag.,UlCd .h.prrwilegegiv.n .hemfor .vilpurpo s.h.pu .... op.o.h. impuloc of th.ir wickedn ... through crea. ing diff.rcncc.inl.ngu.g - Lctulconfu hcir .pcech:h y.: ... . hlfthcy ... iIJbe IIn.bl o und ..... ndoncanothcr.l.ngu.ge: HlSpur po ..... u .h ... Ju ..... imil.r"yofl.ngu.ge :.chi.v.d.h.irhving 'ogc.hcr . odiA'e.encr,n Iangu.g. m"ln c.u .. d"p"tI.l.mongth.m . HO .. ' L"SOt<G.,.U15Jo.lj, " Goo T MB .. .. F"''' H' ''''' THBI. Tow . CO .... OD' .... : Th.y foolilhly beg.n,obuilda.owcr.ha"ouchcd.henan .ndthoulhr thc" migh. be able tochmbth. ok,eowllhll.B".God, .ee;ngth th."work proc .. dedbec.uscth.y.pok.rh ..... m.l.n gU'gc., n.c ... cnedandcaw.d,h.m.o'puk diff ... ntl.ngu.gos.Th.nhc,co"ercd,hem byiJOluing.hcmin,h.i,land, of.heu"h. loth., na"on, ,pukingdiff.rent 'ongu aron.So ..... oFT",oP.OPLIS,6s69." 11,9GodScoll crs r".P,,,pl.n,,,I':"""' I",E",I" Af T GOD CO,.u/US THI L .... o" ....... .. \V ... lh .... " SOUT. EpHU .. TH.SYII,' .... : lt i.1ihly .hll .hr lo ... h.ir.ommonl.nguage ,,hen they Tecc,v.d.h ... ne", langu.g . For iflhci.oTlg,nallangu1Ichad not perioh.d .h."fint .1 .1 w<>uld no. have cOm. to noth 'ng.h .. .. wh.n.hrlotlth.i.o,;lin.ll.n gu. g . whtch ..... lotlby .Uth.n.tion wilh on. cxccp<ion. thlt.h." firs. build,ng cam. fonough,.ln.ddi .ion.b.c.u ofthei.n.,.. I.ngu.g ... ,.,nkh m.d.,hcmfor.;gn ...... eacho,h. r.nd inc.p.bl .of und.utanding on. ano,h.r ... .. b.okcou, among m.m on G"'U'SU" lI account o(thc d,'O';alOno that languag .. broulht .mong them. Thus war broke 011 amongtho.e",hohadbccnbuild,ngthalfor .ifi. d c" rou,offur of o,h . ... Andalltholt ",hohadb nk.cpi ng.h.mlcl."",,ar from rh. ciry ",.rc ... "cf.d ,hroughou, ,n n"" .... h.Ir"' .. N,mrodwhoocan ... d ,h.m. h ...... lsoh.who .... r. .. ,.1l1 ... If Nimrod had no,oca. tcrcd,Mm <uh '0 h" own plac . h. ,._ld not have been 1,1.10 tak. tharplac''''h""tb'r all hadhved bcfor . Co ..... "T .. u 8.4. 1." TK' B,,,u> , A D. 5. "";'UII} po. THi n 0 .... .. Wu .... '.JUO .. E: JuS! u when holr men ltv ogcthcr. 11 11 a gr"'grac. and ble .. "'g; .... lik .... "., hlfcongr.g.'ion ll .h. wotl.k.ndwh.n"nn" .. dwoJl'ogc,h' r.Th. mO' c,'nnttl th ... arc a' onc urn., th. wor .. .her ar . Lnd d,wh. n the.ower,,ub .. nl; buil r upagllnltGod, tho," whn wcrcbuild,ng If w.r. d,.blnd.d for th.i.ow" ",. lfarc.Th. con'piracr ,, ... viLTh.dispc .. ion ,, of trll.ben.f" nro,ho ..... howcr.d,, pc ... TH, 000 .. Of THI Towu Mun 6, R .G ... ol " u" \\.' .. .. " I NG. CHlI.nOlTo .. : The.e ... manrpopl ven,oday,.,ho ,n ,mi. .ation of th.m want 10 b ... mernbcred for . u.h a.hitvem.nlS,brbu;ldin, lpi.ndid hom .. , bath., porch nd av.nu . I mcan, if you ....... oukuchofth.mlVh)th.ytoil .nd labor and l.y outluchgrcat npen lo no gooc! purpo , you would h ... noth"'E bu: th ... vcrr ... ord . Th.y would be ICek,ng'o ''GtoJ,11. WFCll,l29. ''CCLIZ5:79. "Fe"',.-""" ""e "",XI. G."U,s""-9 .n.u ,h hc;rm"mory.u...,iurnp"rpcll' uy ... d,oh .... "uid.h., thi. i.,hchou .. belo .. gi .. g.olO-.nd-IO .... hi.i.,h. pr0p",ty or ... .nd-IO:Th ... onthccanl,."ry.;.worthy not of but of cond.m ... ';on Forhu duponlholewordlcamcathc. 'cm.rlu.quwa!cnl.oco .. nd" .. uc ..... ' ion.- belong'ng" o.nd_lo,h.g .... pingmi .... d .. poile.ofwidow ndorphan.: So . uch beh ... ,o.,. ,alcula.cdno o urnrcmcm. bun,ehu,cn cncounccrunrcm,c"ng.ccwa. tlon . . .. , hi cv. nocoriCly.frcrduchand,n' ''c ,"",onguuofon]ooh ,oulumny.ndcon dcmn."anof,h.p" .... nwhoacquind.h .... gOO<U. Bu,ifrou.r nxiotUforundyi ng . cp IIlu;an.] will oh ..... y .... me la , .. ud 11\ being rememb ... "d for every uhiu"menl and .1.o longwitha"u,"Uc .. youndf .. ithg...,a,confid"nce;nth"agcto came. How will you manag" both 10 be dar aft", dar and all<> buo"", thcruipicnlof,ribu,c.ucnaftup .... 'n'
.hu.goo.uofyouui .. to.h.h . .. d.oflh, poot. I. ",nggoofpnc'Oll1 nnu. magnifi. con, homu.p""p" .. ic. a .. dbarh . HoM' L'U O .. 10-28 THE NA RR ATI VE RET U RN S TO SHEM AND HIS DESCENDANTS '"Tb,Jr 'He rb, of Sbcm. Wb,n Sbrm 10101 bundrrd ]"HI aid. br bream. lb. falb of IWo ]."r! after lb. flood; " ""d Sb,m liv.d afur lb. birlb of A. pa,blb .. dfiwbl,"drcd].orl . .. ndb"dolbcrsonlanddaugbltrl: " Whn Arp",blbad' bad lived Ibirly-fiv,' ]."rs. b. b.u ... r lb. f alber ofSbd"b :' " "nd ArpMhlbad Iivrd afu 10, b<rrh of Sbd"b f foUT hu"drtd "nd Ihru JC"'S. ud b"d other $0111 ana " \Vb.n b"d livcd Ibirly" Y''''I. b. of Eh.; u""d Sh.l"b lived "fter Ibc birth of Ebrr four bNndrrr and 11,. Jun. " li d h"d 0110 .. Jonl ""d d"NghuTl. ' '. \Vb." Eb.r h"d liv.d IhirrJ-fo ur" J."r$. b. b"alll t Ibt f" lb .. of Ptl'g: " and Ebrr Irvtd "flt r Ih birl h of Ptlttfo", bu"drcd'- " li d Ihi.rJ '."'1. "lid had orher $ollS "na dugb. len.- " WI"n Pdrg had livcd tbirty J,,,r$. br b .. alll r rb. fa th" of R. u; """d Prlrf live.: "fUr lb. birth of Rc" IWo bndrrd ud ".n. ].ars, "nd bad olber $Onl all d dughl"l.' lII Whrn RCIl bad lil'ca t hirl]_IWO H ]."rl. hr b .. "mr rb. f..rhcr of Serug; Rr .. livcd aftrr lb. birlh of Stng I ... b,, "drur' " li d itve"yta.l, alld h"d olh 1011 1 "nd dOligbr .... 1 "When Serug lived y.ar" bua",. the fath.r of Nahor; Serug (ived afur the birth .. fN .. hor t", .. hundredye .. ", andh .. d other ,On, "nd d .. wghter,. ' "When Nahor had Jiv.d y.ars, h. buamt the father of Terah; " and N .. hor liv.d after birth of Ter .. h a hundred .. nd yean . .. had other .. nddaughten.' Ttrah had lived uv,nfy years. he bu .. ",. the father of Abr .. ",. ... H"Tan . l'No", theu are the descudants of Terah. Trrah w .. s father of Abr .. ",. Nahor, and and Hara" was Ihe f .. thcr of Lot, "Haran di.d before his father Terah In th. land afhis birth, in Ur"' ofth. Ch"ldeans. .... ... ............. oooI....,. ,.... ........ _olSol.oooI __ .......... oooI "'"'. - I..U . _..,j -,. UI..U '"'- _ " LU ...."..,j ............ "''''T''- ' ur_ ...." "'I..U __ - LU .......... oooI.......,. _ -1..U .... 1oooI OVBI',VIBW' Af, ducribingrhe earthlyeiry ofBabel.Scripfure,evert'forhepiou.patri - ch Shem. who.elineofdescendanu leads '0 Abr.h.m. The ftom ,h. flood to Abr . h.m ... l.072.Abrah.mw .. bo.n;nth.l.nd of .h. Ch.ldea".. who Wete d.eply immened inunhol)'s uperltition . Only,hef. mil yof Ab .. ham worohiped the 'nle God (Au(;vs T'NB) andthe,eforewupenecu<edby.he Chaldean . who even execu<ed Haran. the b.other ofAbraham (JBlt.OMB). 11, 10-23 The Dme" aolltl "fSh"" SC .. . PTu ... RBv ... n TOSH ..... ND H,s DlI5cBNo .. I<T AuGuST,NE,his necesur). ,herefore.<op,e. er.elhe.eri ofg.nera,ion. ducending from Shem,fo, the ul<e ofexhib- i.ing.h. ciry ofGod after.he flood. A ...,fore the flood it ",a. uhibi<ed in th. series often eratlonsde.c. ndingfromS .. h, now i,i. .. di.mc Scripture. af<etexnibi,ingu. ... nhly city as Ba!;.ylon o."Confu,ion; rev.rt ro th. patroarchsh .. nand.ocapitulatethe genera- fion, from him '0 Abraham, l pecifying fh , year in which each fafherllavebit.h ro ,he.on .hatbelonged,o.hi.lin.andhowlongh. lived.Andunque .. ,ionably i,i.thi. thatful fiH. ,h. ptomisc I made.tha,it . houldappe., why it i ... idof.h on. ofE""t.The namt ofth.on.,u,P.leg.fo.inhis day heea h ,,a,divided."' Forwhalcanweundennndbj' ,he di.i.ion of.he earth,if no, the div.ni,y of languag .. ' And. therefore. omufing fhe other .on< of shem. who ue no< concerned in , n;, maue<.Scrip.u.egiv<stnegenealog),of .ho,e by whom the line run. on foAbraham, ao ...,fo .. rhefloodtho ..... gi nwnocarrLed on ,he line to Noahf,omSeth. Acco,dingIJ ,hi , rie,ofgenecation. bell;n' thu,, The,e arethegeneration.of Snem,Sh.m,,z,ahun dred years old and""ga, A.pachshad tWO year< aner ,he nooc!.And shemlived .f<e, h. begatA.p.chshadfiv. hund .. d y . .... nd NgU JOn' .nd In lila I1 rcgillcrllhe,ul.naminglh.yearofhiahfo'n ... hich.achbcglllh.JOn ..... obclonge<!ro rh.,],nc.harur.nd.toAb b.am.lt,p.dfi.,.
beg<:nlngJOn.andd.ught .... tha ..... rn.yno. childilhly l uppol.tha'th.m.nnam.dwu. .h. only m.n, but th" w. may undultand ho .. .h.popu!adon,ncuu.dandho .. rtgion.andkingdom ovu,couldhepopu la.cdby.l>cd .. ".ndantJofSh.rn.E'pc:cially th .. utrucof.hcklllgdomofAuyna. f.orn which Ninus l ubducdtho . urrounding n .. iolU,"'gn,ng .. ithbrillt.n'pro'pc:.i'Y. nd ccnd.n .. aullbu. th"roughlycon.olid.tcdcmpi ... whichh.ld 'OjI.,I>c. for m.ny nru .. CI. Crn Of GOD r6 . 0.' 11:2428 n. .AllctJlorlofJUro", TH. T'''B S ... " B.T""" TKB FLOOD .... 0 A ...... H ..... Auc:UST ... E: But to avoid n d. Ic .. bcrofy .... uchm.mbe.ofthi' ... i ],v.d bu,onl) th'ycarofhlllif.,nwh,chh.g.vt birrh.ohi.h.it.tha,w.ma) t hult.ckonth. n"mb .. of yu .. from th. flood to Ab h.m .ndmaya,th ... rnc"mcluv.room.o touch b ... flr and curlorily upon lome o.hcr m.II ... ncc.uuy,oourargumcnt.1nth econdy .... th.n . ft .. th.flood.Sh.m wh.nh. wao 100 y .... old hegat Arp.ch. had: Arp.chm.d wh.n h ... .. 135 y .... old heg.'Cai n.n:C.in.nwhenh.w 130y .... bcg .. Salah.S.I.hhim'.lf.too ... u .h. um. .. liv.dI34yu" andb.gatP.lIl,'nwhn .. d.y h ... rrh ..... divid.d. P.l<$h,rn lfl, .... d 130 y .... and beg .. loved 132 yea" andb.g.: s ug;Secug 130. and b.gat Nahor;and Nahor79,andb'gatT.rah;andT.uh70. andbcgat Abram .... ho, .nam. G<><i.ft.r w.r<lschanz.d into Abraham.Therc ... thu f.omth.f1oodroAbnh.m I.Ony .... . according '0 th. common or S'ptuag,n, v.,. .. on . 1o th. H.br .... 'opiufarf.w.ry .... 'rcziv.n.andforthi,.i.hcrnor ."ono.a notv.rycr.dibleon.i.givon,C'Tto,Goo .6 0. ' A ...... H ..... WOal " , o THI Ta"a Goo. AUGU5T' .. K:'Nh.n.lh ... for ...... loolrforth. e'tyofGodin .hu ....... n' y.' ... onallon w canno,affirmthatwhilclhcyhadbuton. tongu . ,hll i . on. languogc. th. human nce had d.paued from th. wouh,p of ,he true God.Norcan .... concl"d.lh.tzen"'nZodli. n.u had ,urvivcd only in tho,eg<: n ... t,on hlld.",.ndfromSh.m,hroughA'pach.h.d .ndr ch.oAbrah.m.Butfromth.tim. wh.nlh.yprolldlyb"ilta,owcrtohcav.n . ymbolofgo,UCI ",ltllion.ti\Od,yo"oci. .'Ymth.w"k.dbccomu'pparcnt.'Nhnhcr i!wuonl) di'gui dbcfo ornonui".nt. whcthcrbothci"u.cmain.daftcrth. f100d-thogoclly,nlh.twoooruofNoah wl!o w ... bl .... dandinth.irpo ... "') . ndth. ungodll' in th "rHdJOn an.d his d...,.n dants.f.omwhomsprangthatmight),h"n .. , allainatthcLo, d-isno uilyd.t.rm",.d CrTTofGoDl0. l0." TH. F.""LY OF A ...... H ... ' Wu P ...... CUTaD pOa IT. P'.T1'.J O ... : "And Atan [Haran] di.d befor. hi. fathcr III tbeland In .....i,hh.wuborninth ... mtorrofth Ch.ldulU.[np!ac:.of ... hat ...... ad [Ill th. LXXju";nthet.rrtt0f}ofth.Chaldean.:in th. H.b...,,,, it h ... "in ur Chudim: that i.,"in the fire of the Chald ... no: Moreover the Heb...,w., ta!r:ing the opporruniry afford"d by ,hi. ver", hand on astoryofthi onto ,h. effe" tha, Abraham "'aspu, into ,he firc becau.eherefu.ed,oworship.hcfi..."which theChalduruhonor,andtha,hee..,aped ,hrough God'. hdp and fled from the fire of idolar,)', What i.wri"en [in the LXX) in the following veroes, that Tha,a [Teuh) with hi. off'prins"wen' ou, from th"err;,o,y ofthr Chaldean.s:' standsinpla""ofwhati.con, ,a;ocd in theHeb,e"', "from the fi,e of the Chald ... n.: And they maintain that thi . rorcrs towh.ti" aidinthi, vefK:"Arandicdb"fo,e ,h.fauofThara;nthelandofhi,binhin.hc fi,. oftheChaldean"; that i., becausc: he ,efu.cd tow"rship fire, he was consumed by fire, QUIiSTtOI<S 01< GBNESIS 11.18, ' 'Gm!1:ll."HQG4l, 29-32 ABRAHAM AND HIS FATHER, TERAH, MOVE TO MESOPOTAMIA "And AbTam and look wivtJ; namr of Ab,am'J wife wa, Sor4;, and tbe name DJ Naho" wif., Mikah, Ih. daughur oJ Hara" tb. Jatht. DJ Mi!cab and l"01h, .oNow SaTa; wo, barrrn;.beh01d nO child. " Tn01h t ook Abram hil .011 and Lor thr Ion oJ Ha,an, his g,andlon, and Sarai hil daughrn.in.law, hi , '0" Ab,am', wife, and they w,nr Jorth togetber Jrom UTI DJ th, Chaldean' to go into the land DJ Canaan; but when they torne to Ha,an, I theJ ,wled there. " Thr .lap DJ Tnah Wc" two hundrcd and fivc J,ars; and Tcrah died in Haroll,' Ovn.\,mw, Abraham and hi. brothe, Naho, marrrSauiandMikha,Saraii.al.ocall.d Iscahinthebiblicalna"nive (AucusTlNt, .. Terah. Abnllam and hi. famil), leave the land "fthc Chalduni and move.o Me.o potamia (AuGusnNE),Abrahami ,theonc wholead,hi,ratherandhi,family,oMe,o po.amiaafrerGodhad.ppeareatohim (CHI\YSOSTOM), Naho" Abnllam', broth .. , lap.e,in,othe.uper"i,ionof"'eCnaldun, andlater,b),reasonofhi'rtpentance,tml' ,ra ... in,o Me,op",amia as Abraham had done bef"re (AucusTlNE). Terab di .. in Me$o. poramia, bu, i,tsnofpo .. ibl o e$,abh$nthe G ... .u,.numbc:rofycuothath.hadlpcn.in ,ha. land (AUGUSTTN.). 11:29-30 AI ... ,m all" Nahor Wivu IIC .. H!sTM,S"'U. .. SS .... u.AUGUST'HI: -And Ab .. m nd N.h", took them w,vcl: .h. name of Abram', ",if. wu S.,a;; and Ih. name nfNahor'1 wif. Milcah . h.d.ughtcrof Haran. ,h. f .. h.rof Milcah, .nd ,h. fa,h,of bcah:Th,. iscah i. luppoud.o be .h .... m. as Sa .. ,. Ab .. h.", . ... iu.CrT .. OFGoD ,6.,:.' 11,31 Tu,," L ... v., Ur,,"" Smlu ill Har"" T .... .. ,A ..... .... .. .... "T,, &, .F .... ILT l. ...... u . AUGUST("., NUl If" ,d ..... d ho .. T ... hwi,hhi.familrl.ft,h' ''''g,,,n ,,f th.Chald .... n ... ndcam.'n'oMcsop"'amlll .ndd ... cI"nHa .. n.Butn("h,ngi.u;d .. bou, oncofh"lon.caUcdN.hor.a, ifAb,amh. d not t.k.n h,m.lonl:w;th him. For the na"a tlv un.thu,, -AndT ... h,ookAbramh .. ... n ndLo,th.sonofH ... n.h .. "'n ..,n. andS ahhi, daughrct.,nla .... h'.",n Abum'o wife. and led them fOrlh oul of ,he rcs,on of th. Ch .. ld n, to So in'o th. land of Canun,. ndhe came in,o Ha.an. and d ... 1t ,h ... : N.ho. and Milcah hi,wifc .. e nowh e named h .... C,T .. Of Go" ,6.t }.' R.L .. T ' ON5HTPS\>," T H ' .. T H BE .. t<' .... Tt .. G F .. .. .. E:Aran{HaranJ was,h onof Thara[T .. ah j.th.b.o,h ofAbram.nd N.chor INahor ]. andhcf .. h ... d,wodaugb. t.".Mclch ... IMikh,j ."dSo ,who ",. nam.d je" ... l i..,.h). h.d .... o namu.Of th . Nachor 1001: Meleha a. wif and Abram ,001: S.ral.becau m .. ",agub w nund nd brolher' h.d "Ot ye, b n forbid. d."brtb.la .. .E ... nm .... ri.o.rsbc: ...... n bro,h.n.nd.incr' '''' .... con' .. , damong Ihe fiuI human bc:ingi. HURBW QUUT(ON, ... g.' A ....... .... l. . .. ". H, 5F .... ,UOUTOPTH. l. .. N" O.TH.CHAo LD ... NS.C"USOSTO .. : S;nc . howcy.r.rh ... patriarch.l.tul pu,bcforcyourgoo-dnlvu .o-day. ruding. if ynu do no, mind .., ... to uplainitand.hu.e theutrao.d,nary degu.: of the good man'. virtue.-Th ... !Th ... ); .he tut oa)"l'.,ook h .. ..,n. Ab .. ham and Nacho h" ",,, '. s.o" Lot. and h .. daugh ... inI .... Sar.h.hi onAbr.m.w;fc. and led th.m f.om th. land ofChald,.. to JOu.ney in'o ,he Londof the Ca"uni.c . H. wcn, as far as Chart.n IHa .. n} .. nd ttled .here. Than lov.d 'wo hundred and five yean inCh ... an . ndd,cdinCharr ... n."l.c,,,. a".nd prccucll' ,o.hc r ding. I b.luch you. .0 .... '0 m.nag. 'og .... p.h< pl.,n n oflh. wri"ng . Notc.,nfoe,.nghtmlilfbc:glnning .hue eml 10 bc: ''1unnon ,n th. word. " d. Th .. bI.ued au.ho.-Mo .... r m .. n- . ar -Th.ra . ook Abrah,m and Nachor and l.d,h.mf,om,h.r .. ndofCh ... ldutojourney infOth.landol.h.C .. n .... nitu.H.w.n ... far a.Chart.".nd se.rI.d ,hu.: Th. bl.ucd S"phenwouldlalcrw-c:th.foUow,ngword. 'npra .. .ppca .. d '0 our fathcr Ab .. h.m wh.n h ... ... ,nM<IOJIOtam,.befor.h.uttl.din Charr.n ... nd.f ... hi. f h .. di.dhel.dh,mlh ..., tOI.ttl.:' So what do ,ha,mun! b . acr.d $c.ipt"re'''<on ..... ''' .. ithlt, .IHNot'''aJl; ..th.t.you nud.o und<urandfromd"o.ha,
'NPNFl:H' .. 'NPNF1:,1IS.19.'HQC fl.,....,,n. ...,, ....."'''''LXXdwOwr-om ..... -.'''. ' ...... 1.:. 4 -, .,nee 50n .... God .ppeared ", h,m and eaU.dllpon him 1o mOe,huc. Hi. fuhn Tha.a. 'hollgh h. hlppcned.oh.:.
fn,hi.,on'gr d , ooceomp.nJhiminhi. m'grllion.H.wcn oCh.".n,IC .. lcdlherc .nd.h".cndcdh"lifc.ThcnuwUlha hc pu,,'reh movcd.o Canun If God', bidding. Of [Oll'at. God did no ..... n,f .. hIm from Ihcrc IInlil Th p ... ed on. HO'UUUON G ....... )'.7. N .. H O .. I.. .. T U . J01NS H , s R . L .. TI V .. , N .. .. IA. AUGUSTI .. U' Blit Ifterward,. when Ab,lhlm ocnl his ,ernnt.o Ilk. a wifc fn.h"5Onisllc.wcfindi,.hll.w", .. n,"And th."nlnt.ook .. ncamdsof.hcumclsof h,.Io.d, "ndof.Jl.h.goodlofhi,10,d .... ,th h,m, and ImIC, Ind w.n. In'O Muopolam"" In.o . heellyofNlhor."' Th,,"ndn.hu.elli. mon, ofrhis,lcredhistnry.ho"lhlt N.ho,.Abrahlm, bro.h ... h.dllool.f.lhc rcg,onor.he Chlldcan nd hlllt>od. in Muopoum,a. wh ... Ab.lhlm dwelt with his fllhcr.'Nhr, . hcn.did rhc Sc"prufc no. m.n "on h,m when T,,"h wi,h hIS flmily w.n' fonhou.oflh.Chald.ann.tion.ndd....,II'n H.ran.Jlnce"mcnrinn,.hath. look wllh h'm no, only Abrahlm his..,n bUI 1110 Suah hlldlughtcrinlawandLothi ,grond,on! Theonlj' rcl5nn w.can ,hinkofll.hatpcr hap,heh.dl.p .. dfrnm.h,plClyofhufa,h" Indbro.her.lndadhc .. dtn.he.upernillon .... ndh,dlftu,,.,d' .. m,. g,ar.dth ....... hcrthmughpenitcnnor h.:cau h ...... penecu'edu.luspe, .. dpe, "'n. CITY Of Goo ,6,'j.' 11, 32 T.rahDin in Har,," T H . OFT .... l 'IlO/ol AD .. ,. T O A ...... " .. ,.. AUGUIT"'!' On Terlh. dUlh in M''''poum,a. h. u said 10 hIve liv.d ...... hllndredandfi ... ye<l.u . h.promll .. of God mld o Abrahlm now h.:g,n . 0 h.: d ... fi.d.Sn " ...... i ... n.And th. day. ofTcrlh m H.r.nwe .. rwohundrcd.ndfi ... y ..... lnd h.d .. d ,n H an."Th .. i.noltoi:>e.lken .. if h.h.d .pen,allhisday. lh. rebll . lh.lh h ... compl ... d.h.d'ysofhi.lif wh"h ... wohundrcd.ndfiv.y ..... O.her ..... " would not he kno .. n how many yea .. T.rah [n,,,,d ,nce"i.no ... ,dinwba'y ... h."me,n.oH ... n.And" .. aMII.d.o.IlP po.e'h.tin.h .. , ..... ofg.nu.tton . wh ... il,.carefullyrecord.dhowmanyyca ea(h on. lived.hi gc w.a. Ih. only One nOI pu,on cn.d. Fn,allhnugh onm. whom ."C.lmt Scripturcm.nllon.dnnn.h.v.lh''''ge ruord.d . hcyorcno.in.hi,o.ri ... ,nwh .. h th.",ckon,ngoftlmci.conrinuoulij 'nci, ,"edby.hcdu,hof . h.p"ren .. and,h uc .... whi.ch i'g,v.n in o,der f, nm Adam.o NOlh and from h,m down.o Abraham. con, .in. no nne wi.h(>II" h. ... ofhi.lif. C1T\' Of GOD ,6., .... ' 17, f J A p PENDIX Early Christian Writers and the Documents Ciud Tht following table lists aU mt arly CbristUn o;; d in this voIum. 1' .uthor. Whe ... vail . obk.Ce1edoc.ndTlGd.giwrd' .... "" .. ....,lisll " mhr(>,r Fl<gh,f'romrboWorid (DrMo......di)
Iouc.m. SoW (De IM4C wI..,i"",) ... w""'.) lenc .. (Epu ..t..) le ..... ..,B"t.op. (EpIS(wLu) len . .. 'olaymen (EpiI Lu) len . .. ..,Pri.", (Epil!wz...) On lkLefrn,hoR urreaion (O'a' .... wjra!TU5.I;rri) 'OnNoah"(DrNot) .. "(Dt,..N<Ii>o) Pamardu (Dr,-...I'<hu) A"ony"'o", l.wcol &mabas( .............
Cetedoc0132 TtGI2161lO1 TLG13S01lO1 TlG203S.xOl TlG203S.002 GaHUlS,.,' OryofGod(Dt"""""Df;) ConfutiOlU(CC"fi"iOflw", !ib ... mdtctrn) EighrythIft Qu .. .... ,"t' .... rribul } Faith and worb (DrfoVtlopm .... ) l..encn(EpUhoIu) 'On Faith and theCtud(Dtjiktl.,...&elo) OnN.arun:andG,....,.. (Dt...u"", tl l"OI .. } 'On the Uter.ol lnterprcl<lOOn (DrGm .. i U Jitl ..... '" ''''ric'''' la.,.,) 'On ,he Litera! inrerprel<l,ion ofGenui' (Dr Gm .. , U litl ..... '" lib .. G.....'tn",) 'On the Tnnit} (Dr ' SennonJon the Liturgical Seuon(s..-} Tneu\a.ontheGo.po:lol)oh .. TwoBooluonGc ...... Ag"' ... ' the Manichauns (DrG ...... ,""""M ...n....-) O .. iltheGru, Hcx ... mcron (H......-I .... ,,,I>aa.r_) Homiliaonth.PWnu (H...,;I .... sooptrPs./_) 'HomiI)' 2O.OfHumilnr" (0. 1n.1fIiI1Wt) Lencn (EpuI ...... ) On .... HoIrSpiri'(Dt.l' ... ,I"',,) S. d. ,h .. Vc ... rabl. Horni!;e,;ontheGo.peil. (H""'il .. ,.,.". ..... "td"liionii) On .... ........ ... """" .. "'1iionIli) Cau.ri.uofArl ... s.,nnoru (s.r""", .. ) CI.mcn,ofAlcnndria
Ed>wu.rion to the Greeb{J'To!rrpI" ... j S .. om ...... (.sm.....u) Clcmcn, of Rome 'n.. Le ... , to th. Corinthia ... (Epis<..w iotlc...,..mo...) CommodiaD
err i ... 'Lenen' (q",uiot l C=doc0313 v,IocO!SI vrNoc0289 c. .... "'" Vtcdoc026! C=doc0250 <:.io<'3 Cer.doc026ll Ca,.doc0266 Certdoc0329 Certdoc02.S4 C=docO!7S C=doc02hS TLG2040-OO1 TLG2040.018 TLG2040.o36 TLG2040.004 TLG2040-OO3 Ce<cdocl167 Ce<cdocI34) TLGOS;;.l102 TLGOS;,-OOI TLGOS5,.004 TLGI!7UIOI Cyril of Julloal. m C ... ch.lic>l Lenu .... (P""",,,hr.u) Cal.d1 .. ical Lenu .... (u.,,,I.t""Qd ,11.m' ... .J .. 1.18) Di ad<>,hu. ofPhotiu 'On Spiritual p,.rkcti",, Doroth.u. of Can ' Spirituol lnltructions" Ephrem th. Syrian 'Commentary on Gen .. i, Hymn.onParadi. " Fulgcnriu. of Ru. pe "To Prmron th. Faim' (D<ji4t oJ P<trum) Gregory of Nuian:uo 'AbouI th. lord'. Ne", Da), ' (Jn n"""m Oomi"""", r .... "'. 44])
"Theologi,al Onl;""$ 28' (D. ,hrolot"o ( .... 41. 2$J) 'Theolog"al Onlion. 29" (o.ft1'" r""'l. 29j) Gug<>rr of Ny'"
Th.odore,ofCyc Compn>dium of the H .... ticaJ f.b.J4".m ,.",pmd..",) On m. Intama,icm of th. Lord" (0. j",anotl'lOft. dvm,ni) Qu ... ... ....d. .. "') IS: C ... docOOI4 c."edocOO21
TLG4089.031 TLG40S9.02! TlG40S9.022 CHRONOLO(l I CAL L I ST OF PERSONS &: WR I T I N(lS Tb. following chronology will assiSt rude .. in locating pa";,,ic writ"". wri t ings and recip,en" oflene ... efer.edto;n,hispatr;"iccommenUC), Persons .... rr.ngcdch.onologicallraccord mgto the ... minal date of the yea .. during which ,herfl"urished rfl. j 0 . wh.re th.,e.nno,'" determ,ned. the date of d.ath or approxim.te d.te of "'ridng or innuena. W.iting. are arrang.d .cco.ding to ,he approximate d3l. of composition. Tbisli" i. cummulative with r.spect to vol um .. ofth.ACCS I .... dtod Jo,cphus. FlavJUs.37_c. 101 Clement of Rome (pope j. r<gn. 9:l-JOli ignatmoofAntioch.d.c.1J(HJ:2 L<lUr.j B",noblU.c.130 Di .... ,h . c.140 Sh'pherJofHerma..<.J40/ 155
S"."dLn",.j CI.",.", {so_caJledj.c.l;O PolycarpofSmyrna.c.69-1;; Junin Marty. (ofFlavia N polis in Pal., ,inej. c. 100/ 1l0165,n.c. 14S161 Or.d ... c.lauerh.lf.2ndc.nt. Th.ophilu.ofAntioch. l .... e<ondc.ntury T.".nthe Spi.n.c. 170 A,hen.gorasofA,hens.e.l77 ITen.eusofLyons.b.c.135.n.180199;d.c. 202 ClementofAleundria,b.(. 150.n. 190215 Tertuliian of C .,h'ge,(. 1551160225/ 250; 11.(.19; 222 C.llistu, of Rome (pope). r<gn. 217222 H,ppolytu. of Rome, d.2H Minuciu.FelixofRomc,n.2181235 OrigenofAleundri.,b.185.fl.c.200254 NO\'l,ian of Rom., n. 2352;S Cyprian of Card uS', f1. 24S25S Diony.iu.theG.earofAI.nndria,n.c 247265 Gregory Tbaumarurgu. {,he Wonder worker },c.213270/ 275 Commodian.c.,hirdorfif,huntu.y Eu,h.lius.he Du<on. fourth untury' VictorinU50fPetovium (P .. Methodiu.ofOlympu . d.c.311 L."antiu. (Africaj. c.2;032;; f1.c. 304321 Euscbiu.ofCae .. rea.b.c.260/263,n., us Aphrah .. (Apbr.a ... ).c. 270c. 345 Pachomius, e. 292347 Hegemoniu. fl. , 32535{1 Cyril of Jerusalem. c. 315386; fl.(. 34S Eu .. biu.of Em .... e. 300c. 359 M."u, Victotinus. c.2S0/ 2S;c. 363; fl Acacl ... ofCularca, d. 366 Madonill,ofConlun';nopl d.c.362 Hi!aryofPoi, ie ... c.3 I S36?; fL3SO36i Po.amill.ofLi.bon. fl.c.3S0 360 AthanuilllofAluandria.,.295373;fi. 325-37) EphremtheSyriln.b. c. 306;fl.3631n Mac.ina,heYo\lng.r. c.12? 380 Sal il,htGrn,ofCullrca, b.c.HO;fl . GrcgoryofNa: ... n%\lI.b.329/330.t1.1n.189 MacaroIlJofEgYP1,C. 300c. 390 Pscldo Mac'''"I.fl.c. 390 G .. goryofNy ..... c.335 394 Amphiloch,,," of lconillm. c. 340/ j.c4;p"" '" Pa\llinlUofNola.35S-431;fl.3S9396 Amb.onofMilan.,. 333397; t1. 374397
Cy.il ofAluand.ia, 375--444; fl.412-444 P..,,,doV,c,o.ofAn,ioch, fifchcen,",y Ammonilu,c.fifchc.nrury Pc rChrylOloglll.c.405-4SO Leo.h. Gr.a, of Rom. (POpc) . ...,gn. 44(l461 Th.odorc. ofCyr, 393-466; fi. 447-466 Sa,i l ofSel\lda,fi. 440-468 Salvian ,h. P.nbyt.r of Ma ... ill .. , c. 400.(. .. , HilaryofArln.c. 401449 E\lthymi\l. (Palc .. in. j. 377473
Gcnnadhu of Cono ntinopl . d. 471; n. 458-471
S32:t1c. SOO Symmach ... of Rom. ""In. 498 514 jacobofSarll,. 451 521 Philonn\l. of Mabbll,. c. 440523 FlIlgen';\I,of R"'pc.c. 467532 Sev(r\l,ofAn, ioch.c.465538 Ca .. arill' ofArln. 470542 Oorothelll ofGa:.a.fl.c.525 Cyrilof Scythopoli . b. 525;fl.c.5SO Puchuiw of Dllmillm. c. 515,. 580 L ... ndu.c.)4Sc.6O(l ()ocumcn, w . ,nhc.nrury G.c,,>r'Y .h.Gru. (P""!'<), 5-40-6O'I; ""gn. ,,, .... bidor.ofSeviUe.c.S60-'36 S.hdon. (M'''yri \ll j.f1.63;-640 Bra\llioofS.rago .... c.;8;.651 M .. ';mll hc Conf ... or.c. 580.662 And.ca. (c . cvcn,h ccnrury) baac of Nincvch. d. ,. 700 6cde.h.Vene.abl 6n73; johnofOamuclIl, c.6<!;c.?49 l. hodadofMcn.fl.c.8SO Sym.on ,he N .... Thcologian. c. 949 i022 Tncophylac,ofO;'"d, c. l0SO-c.l l 08 B I OGRAPHICAL SKETCHES &: SHORT DESCRIPTIONS OF SELE C T ANONYMOUS WORKS Thi'lining i. cumul .. indud'ng all the authue. and wudu; cited in this serin to date, AluandccufAluandeia (n.312328}.
Athan:uiu . upon whom he a .. cned considc,' theological influence during ,he ri of Ariani . m. Alcund" u<ummunic".d Ariu. whom he had appo;nled 10 the pnish of Bau c.li . in 319. Hi. ,eachingrtgording.heuer nal gene, .. ion and divine l ubnantial union of the Son with ,h. Father w:u eventuallr con flrmcd at the Council of Nicea (325). Ambros. ofMH.n (c,333397,n. 374397), Bi.hop of Mil.n and tuchu ofAuguscinc whod.fcndedthedivinitrof thcHolrSpirit andtheperpuualvirginitJ' ofMac)' Ambro.iaotcr (f1. <. 366-384). Name given b)' Er .. mu. to th.authorofa wo,konce thought , ohave""encompooedb)"Ambro.e. Ammoni ... {<.fifth ccnturr}. An Aristotelian cummcntatuc and tcachcc in Alcxandria, where hc I.'" born and of whose Khool h. be came hcad.Alw an uege,. of Plato. he en joyedfam.amonghi,conmpon,ie.and ,ucccuor., although modern cr;ti accusc him ofp<=dantrr and banality Andeu. (c ... vcnth ccntucy). Monk who col lea,d commentacr fcom .. clicc wTiten to form a catena un nrious bihlic.1 books, Aphrahat (c, 270,350 fl. 33734S)."ThcPer. ,ianSage" .. ndfirotmajorSyeiac w,i. erwhu,e al,u known by hi. Greek Apollinariu. ofLaodicu (31O_c.392).
Gregor)" of Nazian.u., Gregor)" of Nr'u and Thcodor<focdcnringthatChriSthadahu m.nmind Ap"'oH, (c. 381394). Though, to be the work of the Arian bisl. upJulian of Ncapoli . Thcworki.dividedintoeigh, bouh.a"di'pr;maril).coUect;onofandex panJion on previous works such as u,eDid4,b, (c. 140) and the Ap,,,,.h, Tr.di,ion'. Book8 .n';'wi,heigh,yr,."canon.f,om,ariou. sou,cesandisd.cwhc,..,knuw"a.th. Apo.o toli' 18_' Aei .. . (fl. c. 320). Hu<tic at tne CouncilofNi<a ( 25) fu,refui1nStoaccc"" tha, the Son was nota .... ,ure bu, ""a. God by nlture lik. the Father Atnanu i,u of Ale un dei a (c. 295373; fl. ... from)l8, though oncn in ik Ht WTOto hi. clai. po. IcmiClagainlt the Ari .. ns whHe moU of the e ... ternbi.hop. wcnagainlt him. Athcnal"r (fI.176 180).EarlyChrini.n philOlophu .. nd apologist from Athenl, who$< only authnticat.d w'"ting.. A Pk. Rt p 'd'ntO' ... "IU,i. addrUHdtotheempcron M .. rau Aurotnu and Commod.'Ui, and do. fends Chriuian. from the common ..:nu.a. tlonlof uhellm,mce" ond c.nnibolilm. Augu .. i .. e of Hippo (354430). Bllhopof Hippoondavoluminou.writcronphilofOph. ical,u.gClicaJ.rheologicaJand cccle.iological .opin. He formulated rhe Wutern doe"inCf ofpndUlLna. ion andoriginaJ , in m hIS wri, ,nv oS",nlt 'he Pclasian . S.ba; .h, G.u. (d. 62B). Syro.ac monk who foundedamonuteryandKhool,nhilresion of B.,hZabda) andla trvcd u thi,d , upc. roora. the Gn .. , Conven. of Mount lzlodu, mS .. pcriodofcrisi.in,htNc"orianchutch. S.,H.h.Gru. (h.c.330,f).3S7319).On.of .heCapp.doe'anfathe ... bllhopof C ...... ,ca .nd ch .. mpionof.h ..... ch, ngonth.Tnniry propounded .. t N",cacain 325.H ....... grea. .dm, .. "truorandfound.d.mona"i( rulc. Balilid .. (fl . .."ond,en,ury). Aleundri .. n hucucof . h ... r1r .. condccn.urywhoi .... id . o havcbe],evcd.ha oul. migra,.frombody .obodyand,ha,w.donOllinifwclie.opro tee, ,h. body from ma"yrdom. Bede .h. V.nerabl. (c. 672/ 6137)S). On. of .hcmOl,lcarnedmenofhi.arcandau.ho,of A_E<d ..... " ,.I H,,,..,.ofd'.EMlluJ,P .. ,1t. Born ,n N"orthumbri.o,.t,h.ag.ofiCnn Bcd . .. u pur und .. the c ... ofth,Ben.dir tln.monk, ofSa,nup.t<r .ndJ>a"I .'Ja<To,, o b,o.dd ... " .. I .d"eauon in ,h. mona .. ic "adit;on. B .. k.!S,,!'. (c. 400).Anonymou. Syriac work,on".ungof,hil homil .. , (>rdi cou .. " and whkh.pccifk,Urde .. 1 "'ith tlw: more.dvanced .... gClofgrn ... thi nthe.por'. tuallik BencdiClo(Nllflia (c.480S41).Con.id.,.d ,hcmo"imporun,figurein ,hc hiJloryof W.ltern mon."ki.m. B.n.din found.d many mon ... eries . hemOltno,ablc(ound., Mont.u ino, bu.h,.I ... ,inginflu.nCllay '" hi. famoUl Rule. Th, Rule out"nCl the ,h>. log.caland,n.p"."onalfound.ouonofth. mon." i, idul ",hil bo Icg.d."ng ,h h .. pc ondorglnizationofthecoenoboticlif. Braulioo(Saragoul(c.58;.65I ).Bi.hopof S .... go .. a6H-6SI.ndno .. d ... rit.rof th. Vi.igoth .. .. n ....... "c . H" LijrofS, .A.mil ian ... i. hi. crnwning li,crary Khi .. emen,. C ..... ria.ofArl .. (c. 410542). Bi.hopof Aries from SO) known primarily for h,. pu,o. .. lpreach,ng. Cu.i.n,Johll. (J60-4J2). Au,hot of. <omp" ladon ofu,.tic 5Iy,ng' highly influ. nt i .. 1 in ,h. dcvelopm.n'ofWe .... nmonastic .. m. eauiodorll' (c. 48;c.;40). Foundcrof We"ern mono"i, i.m whose writing. include uluabl. hilloriu and le uluabl. <ommo,, Ch .... mati ... (fl.400).F.i.ndofR .. fi n ..... "d J.rom.anda .. thorofuacu.ndnrmon . C]cmen.o( Aleundria (c.I5021S). A h'Bhly cducat.dChriuianconvcrtfTompagoni.m, h .. doftn.catcchetical lchoolinAlexondri. and pionecrofChriuian.cholat. h,p. Hi. ma jorwork.,P ... ,rtpl,,"' . P ..... Pf"' .ndth.S, ... .... 'a, b"ngCh,,"i.ndoc:ltin.r . .. ,ofacc 18,. ... ith,h.,dc .... nd:achicvcmcnuof h""m . CI .... "",ofRom. (fl.c.92101 ). Popcwho .. E!'''rlt'. '&. C'''"'",b .. "'isoneofd ... mon 'm po ... n,doc .. monuof.ubapo",olic ,imCl. Commodi.n (c. thi,dorfifth ccn,u' r )Poct of unknown origin (poosibl)' Syrianl ) ",ho .... ol .. rvivingwo,klfoc:usontheApoc: .. lyp .. and Ch""iln apol"l\"'k . Cypri.n ofCanh_g" (fl. 248258). ... d bishopofCuthagc who maintained that tho.cbapll:cd by ochi.m ico and hCTOI1n hadnooha,.,nthcblutingsofthcthll.ch. Cyril ofAluand. i. (37S-4+I;fl.412-4+1). !'unuch of Aleund ... ..,ho.ellrongClpollsa! ofthcunlf)'0fCh.II.I.d,o.h.condcmnuion ofNello,;us;n43). Cy.iLofJcrll l&l.m (c.3IS186; fLc .348). BI shop ofJcrllulcm af .. , 150 and all.ho, of C ... dHII,aIH.",iI" . Diadoch .. . of l>ho. icc (c. 400.474). Anti. monophYlheb"hopofEp,ruI Verus..,ho.e wo,k II>t .fo... lA,dj<.ftJ Chri"cxened 'nfluenn,nbo,hthcE.u,and W.st through IU Chaleedon,an Ch.istologt. Hc,"alKJ,helub)Cc.of,hemy,"caIV"""'f ..... Diol.o,I>t (c. 140). A ,ntofunknown.u,ho, hlp.th.,'ntt ...... ,ne. J ..... i.he<hic ..... i'h Ch,i . II.n liturgical p.lCticc to fo,m .",hole diocou' .. on,he' ..... yofl if ."h rr.dan .. ic pe,iodandwuupcci.Uyuscdinlh.t.aining ofuuhum.n. Didymul the 81ind (c. 313398).Alcxandri.n who ... .,,1 much influenced by O"g.n nd.dmoredbyJtromc. Dionyoiu. the Areop.,i ... The name long g,nntothcautho,offoutmy .. icaJwtitlng" ptobablrfrom the la .. fifth cenlury, which we .. th.foundallonof,h"popho.,icochoolof mYlUcllm In thci,denlll th., any,h'ngcan M lrl1l)' prcdic ... d of God. Dorothe .. . ofG.:a (f1 .c. S25). Membc,of .bbo,St,idos monutu)'.ndlatcrl d.rof . mon .... ')' whe.e h. W,Ol' lI.ft . H. ,lsowro,.awotkon,radi,ion. of !'alUllftllnmOnuu, .. m. Epiphani ... of Salami. (c. 315-4(3). Bilhop ofSal.m,.'n Cyp ...... l1thorof.'ef .. tauonof .. ",men .aJin.hecondemnat'onofOrogcn. Ephr.,., h.Syrian (b.,.3(I6;n.].63-373). Sy.oanw .. terofcommenla,i .. "nddevo';onaJ bymn. wb .. b .. c oomttimu as Tb, greatUllpccimcn.nfChriui.npoctf)'prio. .0D.n ... E .. che.iu. of Lyon. (f1.420_449). 8ilhopof Lyonsc.435-449.Sorn into.nuiltocra"c f.mily. be. along with hi. wife a"d lon join.d ,h.monalle'r"U,in oon.f,e,i"found Ing. E .. "omi.u (d. 393). Bi.hopofCj'Zky .. , wh" was by Suil.nd G"gory of Ny ..... fo,m.,n,.,nlnJ; fhat the Farh., and ,h. Son wcr.ofdiffucn, n .. " ..... gcn,'lft. E .. ..,bil .. ofCau .... (c. 260126l 340). 8ishopofea.sa, .... p.ni .... of.h.cmpc'0. Con .. anlU"lnd6 .. thisto,ianofth Chrudanchu,ch. H. arg"cd m .. ,h . .. u,h oftbc gospclhadb.cnforuh.dowcd,n p.g.nw,iting.bu,hadtodefendhi,own doctrln gain ... ti.picionofAri.n,)mp Ih,.s. E .. leb'ul o(Em ... (c. 300c.3S9). Bi'hopof Emu. from c. 339. A biblic.I"".g .... nd writuoncloctrinal .,bjecu.hcdllplay.oome ..,ml.A"antcndencieoofhi.m. n,o,EulCb,u ofCusau" E .. I.biulofVerceUi (f1. c. 360). 811hopof Vercelhwhosllppo"cdthctr,nita .. lnteach Ingo(NlCle. {12S) wheni,,,uM,nll .. nde . m,ned by comp.omi in W"". F ... idi ... (c. follrth.fifthccn,,,r'CI). BrUlsb .. tho,ofOn,I>tCb,,,,, an Lij . Hei l bcheved ,,,h.v. w"tten . "m. works.tt.ibu,.d '0 1'< log'u" F .... ti "". (f1.380).Ap,iuI;n Romcand ... p p""crofLIlcifc,and .u,hot of ... e.t1 .. on ,h. Trtn"y. Fil ... ri". (f1. 380}. S"hopofS.ucil .nd a,, ' thorof .compilauonagain ... llh.r.II .
RU'pc"ndlulho.ofm.nyorthodoxlCrmonl .ndtr.cu undcrtheinfl .. enc.ofAugultinc. G.ud."'iulofS.ncl. (fl.39S). Succe ..... of Fillltri ...... bishopofRrcocia.nd.uthorof Gen""dio,, ofConna",;nopl. (d.471). Pacri Irch ofConltan<inopl . author of numerous cornmcnu.;.sand.n oppon.ntof ,heCh.i . .ol ogrofCyrilofAlcxandri . Gno icl.N.menowgi"cngcnerally . ofnl . lowcnof 6 .. ilid Marcion. Valcn,inus. Man, "ndoth .... Thechar:I.Ct.".ricbeh.f .. th,trn." i pri.onm.dcfor the .pirnby ancvilorignorantcrut or, andthatrcdcmp .ion depends on fao<. no. on frcc will. G.egorrof Elvira (fl.3S9 38S). 6ilhopof EI"i .... howro.c.U.gorical .. u,;..,.in.h. l<yleofO.igcnandd.fcnd.dth.Niccncfaith 'g.,n".hcAri.!U. G.egory ofN.:iln%ul (b. 329/ HO: fl. 372 389}. 6i. hopofNazi. n:w. andfri.ndof 6uil.ndGrcgoryofNrna.H.i.famo ... for m. intainingth.hum.niryofChristaowen .. . h. o"hodoldoctrin.of . hcTri nity. Gre",., ofNyu. (c. 31S39-4). 6ilhopof Ny .... . ndb.otherof6 .. iI.H.i.famo ... fo. m.'nuining th qu. lity in uni,y of the F. ,hcr.SonlndHolySpirit. G.egory.heG. eu (c.S40-604j. Popcfrom S90" h. fourth and Jut of.h. L.l;n "Ooc,on of.h.Chu,ch:H ....... pro!ific .utho nd. po .... rful unifyingforccw"hinthcla"n Church,init;ating.h.htu'1;Cll .. formthlt brought .bou.thcGrcgori.nSacram.nfl 'Y and Gregoriln chan . Huychill. ofJ ...... l.m (fl.412450). Prcl' by.er.ndexegetc. Ihough oh. n corn m.n.ed on rh. wbol. ofScnprure. HH'rr ofArlu {c. 401 ..... 9}. Archbi. hop of Arlc, "ndle.dcrorth.Scrni. Pcl.gianp ... y. Hilary incurred th. "'tI,h of Pope lco I when hetf:movcdabi,hopf. omhi'.Ulndap pointed a new bilhop. Leodcmotcd Arl .. fromamctropolitanlCe t oabilhopri c tou ... tpapalpowcrovuthe church inGlul. Hiiarro(Poiliul {c. }I:;367j. B!.Ihopof Poilieuand called thc"AthanuiuIOfth. W.,,"bea ... eofhlldefeme {lga,nl< thcAri. Insj of .hc common natu.c of Fa.hcr and Son. Hippo!y"n (fl .1l2 245). Rcccnt Ichol ... h,p plaec. Hippolylul in. PaJ ... inian ronln . pc.oonally famih.r wi.h Or.g.n. Though h. is known mOldy for ThtRtfo,." .. o/AIl H.,." ... hc "upromarll, lcommcn",.or",,Sc" ptUr. ( .. piaJly Ihc 01dT ... amcnc) and ochu ... crcdt .,,,. Ignuill.ofAndoch (c.35107/ 112j. 6il hop ofAntioch ... howrocc.cvcr.ll ...... . o locoJ churches whilehcing.alr.cn ITom Antioch to Rom. to be martyred. In the le ...... wh.ch ".mlg.,nlthcruy. h ,,cuc. orthodox Chri .. olog,. Ihc cen ... lif) of ,he Eueha",. anduniqucrol cof.hc bishop inpreocrv,ng .hc unity of th. chu.ch. I.cnulllof l.yon (c. 135e.202j. Bllhopof l.yoIU who p .. blilhtd the moll fa moul lnd m' flucntiai refulllionofGnOl.ie .hough . illlc ofNiBCnh (d.c. 700). AI.olr.nown .. l'lIc thcSyri.nor haacSy.u . Thtl monaotic writu ., ... cd for a. hOff whilc as bishop of Nine "chbeforrruiring.oli .. c. "dud.d rno. n .. ticlif . H .... rillnglonale .. ic.ubJccll .u""v. in the form of numUO", homili ... hho'dld of Mc ... (fl. c. 850). Nuto.i.n cOm mcntatorof,hcn, nthecnrur,. HcwrolCclpc ciaUronJ.m .. ,1 P .. erandlJohn Juom. (c. 347.420}. Giftcd ucgclflnd upo' ncn'of. dalficoJ la,in lIyle. no""bu, known u thc .. ansJuo, of.h. la"n Vulg . ... He de fcndtd the pcrpcru.oJ Y'rg,n,ry of M .,. u uckcdO"g.na.ndPclagiUland.uppo".d uueme .. ccuc prac!Lcc, John Chry.otlom (344/ 354.407: fl. 386407). J8f Bilhop ofConstan.inople who wu famoUl for hilorlhodoEy.hi. d "'lucne.andhilanadu on Ch",. ;an 1uil)' in high plae,.... John of DamucllO (c. 6SO7S0). Arab mOn ... ,kand ,h.ologianwho wri tinglcnjoyed g,u,infl uenuinbo.h th.Eu.e, nand We.t. un Churche . His m .... famou, wr"i ng was h.Ortbold...,.F.i,i. John Ibc Elder k cighlh century). A 5yri;u: .uthor who belonged.o monuu,,1Tcle. of .h.Cbu, chofth. Eu. and IIY.d ,n.hc ' .gion of Moun. Qardu (no h Ita'!). Hi. mo .. im portan. wrmngs at. twcnty wo homil iu and acoll cction offift y-onc. honle ..... in which h.ducribe h.myoticallifeuanan.icip. .o'yupcrienceof , he , uurn.;:uonlife.,ho frUIIof.he.acramenuofbaptilmand,h.E,, cha" ... J,)J.ph.I. Fl ... .. o. "anfromadll.ingui.hedp" .. dyflmilrA,- qua,n d wi.h ,h. E ... nc. and Sadducc . hc him.e1f1>.um.a Phari .... Hejo,ned.h. gr.a<Jewi.h r.vol h.,brok<ou. in 66 and ,,uchol.nby .h.Sanh.drin .. Jeruul.m.o be commandu.i ochief In Galileo. Showing gr .. , .hrewdn ... 10 ing,ati ... him .. lf wilh V .. p ..... nbyfor ... llinghi lu .. ionand.ha' ofl ........ 1itUl.oth.lmpc".ld,gnity. Jo phu . .... u .... o .. dhi'libcny.f ... 69 whcn V .. p .. ianbecom mpcror. Jult in Mar<yr (e.1OO/lIO_16S.fl.c. 14S 161). P'lellinianphiloJOphcr .... howal cOn ver .. d.oChri .. iani'r."the only lure and wo, 'hy philolophy: Hc ..... l.d.o Rom. wh ... h ...... o .... v .. alapol<>g1 ... g.,n .. bo.hpa g.nlandJcW$.<ombiningG.cekphiIOlophy andCh" .... nth>logy;h ....... v.nru.lly m ... y .. d. Lundcr (c.;4;-c.600). L .. in.ccl.,iutical w",.r. of who work. onl)" .wo lu,viv . He ..... 'nltrumcn .. li Imong,heVi.igo. hs.gaini ngllgnifi"n, hi. ror"alinflu.nccinSpa;ninhil .im . Leo the G.u. ( .. gn.440-46I ). Bi .... opof Rom. who T ..... f. Fl.wi.n hel p.d.o ,,,ik<. balanc.bu ..... nN .. torian andCy.ill in.po.i. .ion'"l lh.Council ofChll .. don in4S1. L<fI.r.f B .. (c. 130). An aU.gric.l . nd ,ypolog,c.I,n rpretationof.h.OldT .... m.n.wi.h.d .;d.dly.n'i.J.w h,onc.l .... .. Includ.d wi,h o,h .. Ne,,' T .... worIu .. ."C"hol.p"t1."atl.ao.un<il Eu .. b'Ulof C ....... (c. 2601263-).4(1) 'Iu."'on.d " " U .hen,,';,y. Lrtttr Di., ..... . (c . hi rdc.n,ury). E ... n. ti .Uya .. fuutionof pagani.mand.nupo.; ,ionof. h.Chri .. ian li f. andfli,h.Th u,hor of,h I.".ri.unknown.lnd.h.uac.u:lcn. ,i.,.of,,,.cc' pi.n . OiognetUl.connnun'o elud.p ... ,"i,Khol .... Lu<ifcr (R.370).Bi.hopofCI,lia".ndfanll' ".1 p'''''''n ofA,h.n .. iUI. H.and. hi. folio,"" n, ... d;n, o "hi,m af .. r..,fu .. ng ' o Icknowl.dg. l . .. onhodox bi.hop, "ppoin .. d br.h. Empcro. Con .. annul. MacariuoofEgrp. (c. 300e. 190). On. of.hc O ..... F .. h .... Accuscdofluppo"i ngA.ha na .. UI. Mlcari ... wu uil.d c. 374.0 an III.nd In,hc Nil. by Lu';us. thcA".n IUcceuorof A,hln .. iu . MacariUlCOntinu.dhil ,cac:binl' ofmonu."th.ology until hll d."h. Mau ;nl .hc Younge. {c. 327380).n..cld .. ,i .... of B .. il,h.Grc. ' andG gory of Ny .. I.Sh. il known u",h. Youngc." 10 di. .i ngui.h her from her patcrn.1 gr. ndmothcr. Sh.had.powcrfulinflu.ncconheryounger broth ...... pcc .. lIyonG .. goty.wh.oull.d h.rhil '.:a(herand rcla,e. h .. ,uch,ng In 0.. li.s...' udle. R ... ,.,.."i ..... Muich ... n . A ,cli,io" . movcmon, , h., oTlglnu. d c. 24 ]inp ... i.und.r,h. ludcr- .hipofM.nibu . .. ... pparcn.l)"ofcomplex Ch.ilti l no,igin. l.i . .. idtoh.v.d.ni.dfre ... illand.h.univ ... allOv ... ignt) ofGod. l8' GtHU, .... , lcadllng.ha.kmgdom.ofligh,andduknClI .. ec ... tcrnalandth .. lhc.edcemedar.parti d uo(alpi.i.u .. ... in .. ofm .. " .. ( ... Gno .. ia). Mardon (fl.I44).Hc .... icof.h.m;dlCcond
much of Ne-a' Te.um.nt, claiming Ih (h.F .. ",aIQ.h rh.n rhe C.ca",rGod (."Gnonicl). M.riuI Vic. nrim .. (b. c. 280/285; fl. c. 355 363). Grammarian who , n.lated "'0.1.. of Plaronoauand,ali .. hlll,tcconvc .. ion (c. 355). ulCd.hemEmlt.hcA ... n . Mark Ihe H.rmit (c . inh c.n.ury). Monk .... hohvcd nu.T."u. and productdwo.kl on ..... ,,<pract icc, .. wcUuchril<ologicalil Muimul "fT .. ri" (d. 408/ 423). Bilhopof TUTlnwhodlCddunngth."'gn. ofH"nonUI .ndTheoclolius .... Youngc. (408-423). Ov .. onchund.cdofhlll.rmon'lurvive Conf ... o. (c. 580662). Greek th.olos, .. nand .. sccticwrucr.Flcting.hc A.ab,nvu,onofjcewal.m,n614.hc,,,,,k .d ugc ,n Con .... n.inopl nd la .. r Africa. He d,.d RUc the Black ,mpruonm.n' andl.v .... uffctlng.Hlllho .. Sh.ccn .... don
M.l h .. diul ofOlymp .. . (fl . 290). Bil hopof Olympus whoccl.b ..... d .. i.ginny in. Syml"" "."'p,.!ll' modcl.donPLa, o'.dillogucof,hat M .. ,ui"O . tI . Anapocalyp.IClndst,.;ctl, .scellcmo .. emcn,'t>cgun,nlhcl.ucrh.l fof th ccondccn'"'rbr"ccrt.,n Monunus ,n Ph,ygia,who . lonsw"h ccrt.in of hi. follow. en,utt dor .. dcs,hcrd.,m.dw .. c in'pir.d brthcHolrSpmt.L"d.of.h""then,,cor. d., .emamo and mOll of whit ' I knowo of Mootanoarn corn .. from rhe .",11. .... who ,," 0'" .S"n" ,h. mo ... m.nl. Mon.,ni.m w formallj'condemn.d .... he,urbefor.hr Aaiaricayno.b. Nemeo;1I1 of Em ... (f1, bte fourth n.uey) . Bi.hop of Emua in Syri .. whoa. mOJt impoe. I .. nl woek. Ofl]" NalMrt of MG", de .. wo on an .,.I .... oIor:al.ndphiIOM>phicallOUe(Olan<! ia .h.fiulupoai.iORnfa()"illian.nlhro. pology. Nu.o.i .. a(b.)81;f1.4)O).p ... ia.cnnfCon. lIanlinopl.428 ... Ul .ndcrcdil.d wilh rh. fou ndarinnoi th.hcruywhichlaYI.hu.h. divine and human na.u.u we.euloci.,ed, ..,herlhanlruIYllnilcd,inthctncam .. "onof Ch.i ... Nicc,u ofRcmui u a (fl.lCcond h.lf of fourthetn.ury). Si.hop of R .... uian. ,n S bi.,who.eworlu .. ffirmlheconl ublt .. n.ia.li . )" of.h.So .... nd.h.ddtyof.h.HolySpim. No ..... i .. n of Rome (f1. 23S2S8). Rom .. n Iheo logi.n,oth ... ilCorthodolt,whofonncdl Khilm ... icchllreh.fterf .. i1inSobccomc pop . Hi. tru.;.e on the Trinil)' .lalU rh. c!llIicWutc.ndoctri n. Occllmcniul{oiJ hccn,ury).Called.h. Rh or ne the PhilOlOphcr. Qccumeniw w,o .. the ..... h ... utan. Gre.k comm.n ... ry on Renl.uOII. Scholia br Qccllmcn.", on IOm. of John Chryloltom. comment ..... on the P ... li .. c Ep;"I ae. "ill utln\. Origcn ofAI .. and.ia (b. 185;fl.c.200H4). [nflll.nti.luS .. ndly ... m .. " c .h.ologi .. n. He .. u condtmned (pcm.p'unf .. irly) foe main ... inins ... prceril .. nc.of.ouLowhiL. d.nyinsthc.c.u cctionofth.bod)".h.I". .e.1 trUlh of Sc"p,ur nd th '1"a1"y of"', Fath .... nd Ih. Son in th.TrinnJ'. Pachomiul (c. 292347). Foundcr ofccnobi.ic monuric;am. A giftedgrollpLead ... nda,, ... orof.lCtofrIlLel,h ... udcf.nd.d.f .. rhi. duthbyAtbanu,wofAlcnnd" ... !O, Paochui ... ofOamiam k 515:. 580). Tran.s lato ... flCnl.ncClof,h.OelcrtFuhcnf.om in.o L.dn whil. a monk ,n Dumium. ... (c. 354c. 420). ChTistian foUower. w ..., cond.mned. in 418 and 431foTmainuiningthat.Chriotiancouldb. perfect.ndth.t nlva,iond.pendedonfre. will P.,,,, Chrysolog ... (c. Latin arch bi$h"p of R .. "nna wh",. ,,,aching. inciuded .rgum. nu fOTth".uprem.cy of the papacy .nd,h"rela,ion.hipbetw".ngtaceandChTi . 'ianliving Philonnu. of M.bb" g . 440SB). Bi.hop of Mabb .. g (Hienpoli.) and. le.ding ,hinket in th arly Syri.n Orthodox Church. Hi. ex '.n.ivrwri'ing.inSyriacindud tofthi' teen Di"ow,,",on . e.eral work. ontheincarna,ion.nd.numberof .. .gericalwo, lu. (c. fifth c. ntury). A common tide among early Egyp,ian dun, ucttk . One. stven,hof,hesayingsin.heSGyiftl,j,b, .. , ar.attribu,.dtoPoemen.which i,Gte.kf",.h.ph.td.ltis unknownwh",hr alloftnes.ying,comefTomoneperoon. PolyurpofSmyrna (c. 69iS5}.Bi.hopof Smyrn.whovigorowlyfoughtneretics.uch .. the Marcioni'e'.ndV.len,inian . He "a. .h.ludingChri .. ianfigu.rin Roman Asi. in the middle of the cond c.ntur)" Po,amiu, ofLi.bon (fl.c .3S0360). Bi .h"p of Usbon who j oin.d.h. Arian part)" in 3S7, but l ... r returned '0 ,h. Ca,holic fai.h (c 3S9!).Hi.work.frombothperiod,arecon cern.d with th. larger Trinitarian d.ba ... of hi . ,im. Pruden.iu. (c. Latin . nd hymnwriterwhod " .. dhi . laterlif.to Chri .. ianwri,ing.H.w,otrdidacticpoem. onthe.neologyoftn.incarnation gain.tth. her.mMarcion. nd.gain ... h ...,.urg.nceof pagan .. m P udoDiony. i .... h. Areop.gi (fl.c.;OO). Au,hor who .ssumed the n.m" of DionYl iu. the Areop.gite m.n.ioned in Acts 17:34. and who composed .h. works known a. the A,...p4g;t;'Jm(orDi"'.;Q'.m) .... 1.h"ughthe au.hor".tt ... mrsterr PuudoMacariu. (fl. c. 390). An imagina,iv. writer.nd .sc.ticfromM opotami.toeas. .rnAlia Minor wi,h ke.n inlightin.ohuman na.ureanddea. articula.ionof,h. ,heolog) of'hc TTinity. Hi . work include .... m. one hundred di.cou .... . nd homili Quodv ultdcu.(fl.430}.Ca .. h ... giniandcacon andfri.ndo(Augu .. incwho. nde .how,1t how the N.w T .... men: fol fin.d ,h. Old T .... ment R .. fi nu. of Aquileia (c. H;41 I ). Orthodox Ch,istianthinkerandhi.torianwhononethe 1 .... nn.l.t.dOrig.n.nddef.nd.dhim against th tric. ures ofJcTom. and Ep.ph. Sabelliu.(fI.200).All.g.dlyth.au.hoTofthc hc .. sy which mai nt ains that the Fath. r and Son.re inglep".,on.Th'patrip ... ian,.ar i .n,ofthi,n .... yita ... ,hat.heFather ,uf. (er.don,hecro .. Sahdona (f1.63S640 ). Known in Greek a, Martyrius.Thi.Syriacaurho.wa.bis hopof Beth GaTm.i for hoTt tim . Hi. mo .. im po".ntworki" hed.eplrscrip,u.aIS".oj Pcrj,"io". whichranksuoneofthema.ter picce.ofSyriacmona icli,eu,ure. S.I.i.n.hePr 480}. Animportant au,hor for rh. hi .. or)' of hi. own 'ime. Hc ,"w .he faU of Rom. n ci.iii. .othe b.rbarian. as. con quence of 'he..,prehen,ible condu," of Roman Chri, 19: S.,oftdLttr.r .jCl.m.ft 1 (c. ISO). Th rli." .ur.ivingChristian.ermonprob.blywri ... " byaCorinthianauthor . houghsomcholar$ ha assignedit."a RomanorAlexanUr i.n au.h", . S.verianofG ... b.la (fl. c. 400). A contrmpo n,yof JohnChrylollom.Sucrian w .. , highl)' Tegard.d pTuch .. in Constatt. inople. paruclIlarlra,th.;mpcr,,]court, and IIhi muely , id.d ... ilh ChrylOlt"m', accunu. Hi, rmon .... dom;natedby.ntihcTC.ical con . Sn .. uI ofAnlioch {c. 46SS38). A mono phy.i,.thcolog,an" on .. 'ra,edhip,opofAn. lIoch in 522.Scv.ru.belicved th .. Ch,;,,', humanna'ur .... u an annu.ohi.diyi nen ,ur.andarglled,h .. ifCh"ll w bo,hd, .. been lWO pe'lOn. Sb'pb" dof Hcrrnu (I.colld ccntu,y). A Chri .. i.n apoc.lyp .. di"id.d ,n.o . .... ...t.I and,enS",,;IIIMd ... Wrntcn braformt. ,l.veandnamedfor.h.formof ,h. l econd ang.1 u;d to h gnnt.d h;m hi. vi.ioRl. l hi ' ... orkwuhighlr .. m.dfor iu moralvalu.'nd"' .. u .. d .... ,utbookro, u,tchumenl ,nth.unych ... ,h. Sulpiciu.Sucru. ((. 360..:.420). An ecc1cai. uncal wri.erbornof nohl. p",.n ... O.vodng h,mnlf . o mono .. ic """.men,. he became. pcroon,l fri.nd and cnthus,unc dilC'ple of St. Mlr<inofTou ... Hi.o.dinlnonlo,h.pri ... hood i. vouch.d f"'br G. llnadiul ,but 110 d . !lib ofbi. have ",,,h.d u Symeon . he Ne .. Theol", i ... (c. 9491022). Comp .... onu pi,itualludcr kno ... n for hi, .. ,, ,ul . HebelieviOd,h",hediYine ligh ollldb.pcrce;vcdand,occi.cdlhroughthe prlc<ice of men.alprayer. T ..... UianofCanlu,. ('.ISS/ 16022S/ 2S0, f1.c. 197222}. Brillilnt Ca.thlginian.pol". gi andpol.mici wholaid.h.foundo.ioll.l ofCh. illologyand,. ini,a.i.an o."hodoryill . h. W.II, though h. hinuclf was u' ... IIged f.om,h.main churchbyiuluilY The odorcof Mop. uu t ia (c.3S0428) . BilhopofMop"u .. ,ia,round.rof,h.Ant;o ch.n., o.li,tralin;c. ochoolofucguit..A gTCllmall;nhildar, hewula'crcondemn.d 11 'prccll rsorofN.llorilll Thcodo.c,ofC,... (c. 3934(6). Bi,hopofCyr (Cy .. h ... ). H .... uallopPOn.ntofCyril. whow doctrme or Ch,i .. perlOn was finally y; nd;catedin4Slat,beCouncU,,{Chal,.don. Thcophylac, of Oh rid (c. HlSO,. 1108). Byz anrinearchbilhopof Oh.id (or Ach,id.o) In wh,tilno",BlIlgar;".O"""""gonurli .. worlu. h. w.o,e ,ommen""o. on n l Old Telum.nt boolu . nd .llorth NewT.,u, men, exc.p' fo, Reyelation. Valndn.lI (fl.c. I40). Alexand"anberc"c of th. midwcond ,.ntury ... ho taugh t that th. mllcrt,]wo,ldw ... ,cat.d bylh.tnn'gre,. I;on of God', Wi . dom.or Sopb .. { ... Gno,. " co). v.l ; ... ofCim;u (fl.,.4224)9). Bishop of Cim;n. H. particip.ted in ,h. coundl< of Ri e: (439) andV.;lon(422) w;th,y, .... ,0 ... ng.heningchurchdiociplinc. H up. pon.d Hilary of Arl .. ill '1", ... 4 ... "h Pop< Leol . VincenlofLerino {d. 4}5). Monk whou .rc.dcon. id.rabl.inflll.nccthroughh .. .... ,i! inglonorthodoldogma.;"heological m hod .... contr ... ,iOd .... i. hth ..... oIogK.! melhod. ofm.h.'eli", . B I BLIOGRA PH Y Amhrole or Milan, "Dc ueu .. u r ... ris S"rri: In 5o"W A .. b ..... i, .pa. Ed,ted by Ono FIn ... Corpul Scriptor um Ecclelia"icorum Latinor um. "01. 73. V,enna. Aus"ia, Hoclder-Pichlet Temlk),19SS. _ . 'De ruga .. eculi: In A .. I>1OJi, .p''''' Ed".d by Kart 5<:henkl. Cor pul Sef1ptorum Etcluiullcorum Luinontm, vol. 32. pt. 2. Vienna. Au .. ria: F. Lcip:ug, German)', G.Fuytag.189i. -..De lacob .... ita be ... : In s..,,"i A .. ;""'i, 01'".' Edited hy Kart Schenkl. Co'plll Scrip tOrum Eule.ia .. ;(orum l.tlnorum . 01. 32, pt. 2. Vienna. Aunria: F. Tempokr; Lc'p:'g. Get mInI': G. Fuytag, 1897. _."De lout vcl anima: In S"'I, 10 .. 1>1 ;, op<ra. Edi .. d br Karl 5chenkl. Corpu. Scrip 'Orum E(dui ... icor um LadnnTL. m. vol. 32. pt. I. Vienna. Au.i,,", F. Templk)': Leipzig, Ger many,G.Freytag, 1896. -."De Noe: In S .. er, A .. " .... ;, """ . Edi d by Kart Schenld. CorpUI Scriptorum Eed .. i . ,,(Orum Latinorum, YOI. 32, pI. \. VicnlQ, AUlln" F. Tcmpo.k); Leipz'g, Germany: G. Frey ,ag,1896. -. "De par. dilO: In ...... '" A",lttOJi, 0.1""" Ed""d b)' Karl Schenld. CorpuI Scrip,orum Et de.iuticorum Lat1norum, "01. 32. pt. I. V,.nna. Au"ria, F. Tempok)': k,p"". Germany G.F.cytag.18%. -. "De patriarch i.: In S' n"i A"' b .... ,ii "",TO. Edited by Klrl SchcnkJ. Corpus Scriptorum Etclc.ia .. ico. um La<inorum, vol. 32, P" 2. Vienna, AUltri., F. Tempsky: Le'pz'g. Germanr' G.fuytlg,189i. -. "Epi.tulu: In 50.", A .. I> ..... i, op ..... Ed"ed by Ouo Faller. Corpu. Scnptorum Etd ias tico.um Latinorum, vol. 82, pt. I. Vienna, Au"ri" HoclderP,,,hlcr.Tcmpsky, 1966. -.. 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