China in Burma Update 2008 - Burmese

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1
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ay;=uonfh All Arakan Students and Youth Congress, Arakan Oil
Watch, Burma Relief Center, Courier Research Associates, Images
Asia E-Desk, Kachin Development Networking Group, Kachin
Environmental Organization, Karen Rivers Watch, Karenni
Development Research Group, Lahu National Development
Organization, Mon Youth Progressive Organization, Palaung Youth
Network Group, Salween Watch Coalition, Shan Sapawa ESihf Shwe
Gas Movement tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;udk Earthrights International rS
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ERI ta=umif;udk ydrk kdo&d v

Sd dyk gu www.earthrights.org tifwmeuf
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2
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1
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onf?
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yl;aygi;f vkyfaqmifa&;ukr`%aD ygi;f 26 ck yg0ifywfoufonfh[k az:jyonfh 2007 ckEpS /f arv
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1
In 1989, the military regime changed the name of the country from Burma to Myanmar, the historical,
Burmese-language name. The name Myanmar is not accepted by most opposition groups, who believe that
the regime lacks legitimacy to engage in any government function, including changing the name of the
country. This opposition includes the democratically elected National League for Democracy, headed by
Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi, who refers to the country as Burma. The United States refers
to the country as Burma, while the United Nations refers to it as Myanmar.
2
Research for all three sectors was compiled by conducting an English and Chinese language online media
review. Full details are included in Summary of Completed, Current and Planned Hydropower, Oil and Natural
Gas, and Mining Projects in Burma with Chinese Involvement.
3
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ESihf &if;ES;D jrKwfErSH r_ sm; ydwq f kd@rj_ zpfay:aponfru jyifopfwkdw,furk % ` ED iS hf tar&duefcsA&f eG f
3
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Ekid if H ponfEh ikd if rH sm;onf tm&SEikd if rH sm;teuf jrefrmEkid if t H wGif; a&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;/
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trsm;qH;k Ekid if rH sm;jzpfonf?4 jrefrmha&eHEiS o hf bm0"mwfaiG@u¾Y Ekid if jH cm;wkdu&f u dk 0f ifa&muf
&if;ES;D jrKwfErSH _ (Foreign direct investment-FDI) rSm 2006rS 2007 txd oH;k qwkd;rsm;vm+yD;/
tar&duefa':vm 474 '\r 3 oef;/ 2007 ckEpS f Ekid if jH cm;wkdu&f u kd 0f ifa&muf&if;ES;D jrKwfErSH _
5
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w&kwEf ikd if Honf tjcm;Ekdiif .

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ppftpk;d &twGuf tar&duefa':vmbDv, D Haygi;f rsm;pGm 0ifaiG&&Sad pcJ+h yD;/ ,if;0ifaiGrsm;teuf
3
Chevron is exempt from United States sanctions in Burma because of a grandfather clause which permits the
continuation of already existing projects. For more information, see EarthRights International. 2008. The
Human Cost of Energy: Chevron’s Continuing Role in the Financing Oppression & Profiting from Human
Rights Abuses in Military-Ruled Burma (Myanmar). Available at http://www.earthrights.org/publications
4
Official Myanmar government figures; calculations from United States Department of State. ‘2007
Investment Climate Statement – Burma.’ http://www.state.gov/e/eeb/ifd/2007/80685.htm.
5
‘Foreign Investment in Myanmar Oil & Gas Sectors More Than Tripled Last Year.’ The Associated
Press, 30 June 2008. http://www.irrawaddy.org/article2.php?art_id=13054
6
‘China & Russia veto US/UK-backed Security Council Draft Resolution on Myanmar.’ United Nations
Website, 12 January 2007. http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=21228&Cr=myanmar&Cr1
7
‘People’s Republic of China: Sustaining Conflict & Human Rights Abuses.’ Amnesty International, 11 June
2006.
8
‘China to Provide Myanmar with US$200m Loan.’ China Daily, 11 June 2006.
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2006-06/11/content_613786.htm; & Amnesty International. 2006. China:
Secretive Arms Exports Stoking Conflict & Repression.
4
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10
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TuJo h kd@aom Ekid if Ha&;ESifh pD;yGm;a&;taxmuftyHrh sm; uln&D mwGif jrefrmEkid if H jynfwiG f;ta&;
udprP sm; 0ifa&mufpGuzf ufaejcif;omjzpfonf?
atmufygta=umif;t&mrsm;rSm w&kw. f yg0ifywfoufrj_ zih/f jrefrmEkid if tH wGi;f wnfaqmuf

+yD;/ wnfaqmufqEJ iS hf wnfaqmuf&efppD Ofxm;onfh a&umwmpDrHued ;f rsm;/ a&eHEiS o hf bm0
"mwfaiG@prD uH ed f;rsm;ESihf owWKwl;az:a&;vkyif ef;rsm;ukd tusO;f csKH ;az:jyxm;onf? &,lpak qmif;
xm;onfh tcsuftvufrsm;tm;vHk;rSm tifwmeufowif;pmrsuEf mS rS w&kwEf iS fh t*Fvyd f
bmomjzihf a&;om;az:jyxm;onfh owif;rsm;ukt d ajccH+yD;/ 4if;wdk@rmS w&kwEf ikd if H.&if;ESD;
jrKwfErSH _ tpdwftykid ;f tenf;tusO;f rsom az:jyyg&rSd nf[k ,lqygonf?
9
University of California at Berkeley Human Rights Center & Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public
Health Center for Health & Human Rights. 2007. ‘The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases & Human
Rights in Burma,’ p. 1. http://www.hrcberkeley.org/pdfs/BurmaReport2007.pdf; ‘Misery Piled Upon
Misery: Myanmar.’ The Economist, 6 October 2007; & Sardellitti, E. ‘Myanmar: Courted by the Asian
Players.’ Power & Interest News Report, 8 March 2007.
http://www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_report&report_id=627&language_id=1;
10
The U.S. State Department reports that the budget of Burma’s Ministry of Health in 2007 was 0.3% of
Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Available at http://www.state.gov/e/eeb/ifd/2007/80685.htm. Burma’s
budget represents about 20-25% of Burma’s GDP. This means that expenditures, as a percentage of the
budget, are four to five times their percentage of GDP. In the case of health care, that means expenditures
are about 1.2-1.5% of the budget. For more information, see EarthRights International. 2008. The Human
Cost of Energy: Chevron’s Continuing Role in the Financing Oppression & Profiting from Human Rights
Abuses in Military-Ruled Burma (Myanmar), p. 22-23. Available at
http://www.earthrights.org/publications
5
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11
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vlra_ &;ESihf Ekid if aH &;yHpk rH sm;udk taESmuft,Sujf zpfapcJo h nf?
1970 ckEpS f pD;yGm;a&;jynfvnfxal xmif+yD;aemufyikd f;Y w&kwEf ikd if o H nf +idr;f csrf;pGmtwlwuG

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udk usio fh Hk;I Ekid if w H iG ;f pD;yGm;a&;ESihf pufrz_ HG@+zdK;wk;d wufa&;udk armif;ESif&ef Ekid if w H um
13
pD;yGm;a&;ESihf Ekid if aH &;zvS,rf r_ sm;udk wk;d jrifah qmif&Gucf o Jh nf? xko d kd@jyKvky&f ef w&kwEf ikd if Honf
tjiif;yGm;p&mae&mjzpfonfh jrefrmESifh pl'efEikd if w H kd@tygt0if urBmt h ES@H tjym;wGif ukefoG,f
a&;ESihf &if;ESD;jrKwfErSH r_ sm;jyKvky&f ef vrf;zGifv h dku+f yD;/ jynfwiG f;jynfypD;yGm;a&;tiftm; aumif;rGef
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14
ay? wnf+idrrf &_ &S&d ef tEkenf;jzihf a&G;cs,fudk,w f G,af jz&Si;f jcif;onf urBm@=oZm}uD;Ekid if H wck
tjzpf +idr;f csr;f pGmwkd;wufvmonfh w&kwEf ikd if . H t&nftawG;wpfcjk zpfonfru/ pD;yGm;a&;
11
One day prior to signing this agreement with Burma, Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai signed the ‘Agreement
between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of India on Trade and Intercourse between Tibet
Region of China and India’, in which the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence were first introduced.
For more information, see ‘China’s Initiation of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.’ Ministry of
Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, 17 November 2000.
http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/ziliao/3602/3604/t18053.htm
12
Geng, L. 2006. ‘Sino-Myanmar Relations: Analysis & Prospects.’ In The Culture Mandala, Vol. 7, No.
2. http://www.international-relations.com/CM7-2WB/Sino-Myanmar.htm; & ‘China’s Foreign Policy.’
People’s Daily. http://english.people.com.cn/china/19990914A128.html
13
Zou, K. 2003. ‘China’s Possible Role in Myanmar’s National Reconciliation.’ In The Copenhagen
Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 23, p. 62. http://rauli.cbs.dk/index.php/cjas/article/viewFile/13/13
14
Ibid.
6
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t}uHKrsm;ukdvnf; a&mifjyef[yfapcJhonf?
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15
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wGif yku d fvikd f;ESpcf k wnfaqmuf&efEiS hf tEW&,frsm;onfrh mvufcg (Malacca) a&vuf=um;ukd
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gbl;/ obm0"mwfaiG@&w Sd aJh e&mudk oGm;&r,f/ ukr% ` .D tusKd ;tjrwftwGuf
17
pD;yGm;a&;vky&f wmjzpfw,f/ Ekid if aH &;twGuv f yk af ewm r[kwyf gb;l ” [k w&kwfurf;vGef
obm0"mwfaiG@urk `%D (China National Offshore Oil Co-CNOOC) .ajyma&;qkcd iG &fh Sdou l
Tokd@xw k faz:ajymqdck Jhonf? Txkwfaz:ajymqkcd sut f m; jrefrmEkid if t
H wGi;f 4if;wkd@.tcef;
18 19
u¾ESipfh yfvsO;f I a0zef&KS wfcsccH &Jh onfh Ivanhoe Mines, Total, ESihf Chevron
15
China is currently the world’s second largest consumer of oil, and the fourteenth largest consumer of
natural gas. Statistics for both available at NationMaster. http://www.nationmaster.com/cat/ene-energy
16
90% of China’s foreign trade and 80% of China’s energy imports travel through the Straits of Malacca.
Khalid, N. 2006. ‘Security in the Straits of Malacca.’ In Japan Focus.
http://japanfocus.org/products/details/2042
17
‘Myanmar Keeps the Wheels on with China’s Help.’ The Wall Street Journal, 24 June 2008.
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121424381094497175.html?mod=googlenews_wsj
18
When questioned about Ivanhoe Mines’ role in the Monywa Copper Project in Burma, company
president Dan Kunz stated that Ivanhoe Mines is “not motivated by political considerations…Ivanhoe is in
the mining business, not the political business.” McClearn, M. 2002. ‘Ivanhoe Mines Steps into the
Crossfire.’ In Canadian Business, Vol. 75, Issue 3.
http://www.minesandcommunities.org/article.php?a=863
7
20
Corporation ponfh taemufEikd if rH S pD;yGm;a&;yl;aygi;f aqmif&Guaf &;ukr% ` rD sm;. xkwfaz:
ajymqkcd suEf iS fh xyfwjl yifjzpfonf? ,if;pD;yGm;a&;yl;aygi;f aqmif&Guaf &;ukr`%Drsm;onf rdrw d kd@
tusKd ;pD;yGm;twGuf Ekid if aH &;xuf pD;yGm;a&;ukd tav;ay;aqmif&u G fonfru/ aemufqufwGJ
qk;d usK;d rsm;xuf rdrdwkd@&if;ES;D jrKwfErHS . _ tusKd ;&vm'frsm;ukd cs;D rGr;f axmremcJ=h uonf? wcsed f
wnf;wGif w&kwftpk;d &onf r=umcifrS jrefrmEkid if H.tajctaersm;tay: rdrw d kd@p;kd &drrf r_ sm;ukd
ajymqk+d yD;/ jrefrmEkid if EH iS hf oifah v#mrf nf'h rD dkua&pDvkyif ef;pOfrsm;udk a&S@wk;d vkyfaqmif&ef jrefrm
ppftpd;k &ukd wku d wf eG f;cJah omfvnf;21 jrefrmEkid if aH &S@a&;twGuf tqH;k tjzwfay;rnfo h rl mS
22
jrefrmjynfov l lxrk sm;omjzpf+yD;/ Ekid if w H umtwkid ;f t0dik ;f r[kwfa=umif; tqufrjywf xkwf
az:ajymqkcd o Jh nf? jrefrmEkid if t H wGif; &if;ESD;jrKwfESHrj_ yKvkyjf cif;onf ESpEf idk if Hp;D yGm;a&; zGH@+zdK;
wk;d wufrE_ iS hf a'owGi;f pD;yGm;a&;/ Ekid if aH &;ESihf vlr_a&;wnf+idrrf u _ dk jrif@wifay;jcif;jzpfovdk/
tjyeftveftusKd ;pD;yGm;vn;fjzpfaponf[k w&kwEf ikd if rH S &SKjrifonf?23
19
Total has created a website to promote the benefits of its continued involvement in the Yadana Gas
Pipeline Project. Available at http://burma.total.com
20
‘Chevron Statement on Myanmar.’ Chevron Website, 2 October 2007.
http://www.chevron.com/news/press/Release/?id=2007-10-02; for more information regarding Chevron,
see EarthRights International. 2008. The Human Cost of Energy: Chevron’s Continuing Role in the
Financing Oppression & Profiting from Human Rights Abuses in Military-Ruled Burma (Myanmar).
Available at http://www.earthrights.org/publications
21
‘Chinese Dilemma over Burma Protests.’ BBC News, 25 September 2007.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7011746.stm
22
‘China backs Dialogue between Myanmar & Aung San Suu Kyi.’ Channel News Asia, 20 November
2007. http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_asiapacific/view/312543/1/.html
23
‘Myanmar Keeps the Wheels on with China’s Help.’ The Wall Street Journal, 24 June 2008.
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121424381094497175.html?mod=googlenews_wsj
8
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jrefrmEkid if t
H wGi;f xyfqifv h #ypf pf"mwftm;ay;pufEiS hf v#ypf pf}udK;wef;pDrHude;f rsm;tygt0if
a&tm;v#ypf pfprD Hued ;f aygi;f 63 ckwiG f w&kwpf D;yGm;a&; yl;aygi;f aqmif&Gufa&;ukr`%aD ygi;f
tenf;qH;k 45 ckcef@yg0ifywfoufco Jh nf? a&;tm;v#ypf pfprD u H ed ;f rsm;tm;vH;k teuf t}uD;qH;k
pDru
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24
rD*g0yf 7100 tm;&Sd oHvGijf rpfay: wmqef;a&umwmpDru H ed f;jzpfonf? 2007 ckEpS /f rwfv
wGif wmqef;a&umwmpDru H ed ;f aqmufvyk fa&; zGifhyt
GJ cef;tem;usi;f y+yD; umvtenf;i,f
wGif China Gezhouba Group Co. (CGGC) trnf&Sd w&kwfurk % ` rD S tajccHaqmufvyk fa&;rsm;
pwifaqmufvyk cf Jhonf?
oHviG jf rpfa&umwmaqmufvyk fa&;Y w&kwEf idk if H.yg0ifywfoufrr_ Sm wmqef;a&umwm
wpfcw k nf;ruay? 2006 ckEpS w f iG f Sinohydro ESihf jrefrmppftpd;k &rS xkid ;f -jrefrme,fpyf rD*g0yf
1200 tm;&Sd [wf}uD;a&umwmpDrHued ;f udk tar&duefa':vm 1 bDvD,jH zpf Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) oabmwlpmcsKyf oabmwlvufrSwa f &;xkd;cJoh nf? 2007 ckEpS /f
{+yDvwGif vsu&f Sd Hanergy Holding Group [k vlord sm;onhf Farsighted Group ESihf China
Gold Water Resources Co. ukr% ` oD nf oHviG jf rpftxufykid ;f rD*g0yf 2400 tm;&Sd a&tm;
v#ypf pfprD u
H ed ;f aqmufvyk f&ef jrefrmppftpk;d &ESifh MoUs oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrw S fa&;xk;d
cJo
h nf? ,if;ae&mtm; 2006 ckEpS w f iG f (Yunnan Power Grid Co.) ukr`%rD S uGif;qif;
avhvmr_jyKvkycf Jhonf[k od&&Sd onf? 2008 ckEpS /f {+yDvwGif Sinohydro, China Southern
Power Grid Co., ESifh China Three Gorges Project Co. ukr% ` Dwkd@rS oHviG jf rpf
a&tm;v#ypf pfprD Hued ;f aqmufvyk Ef kid rf nfh tvm;tvmrsm;tay: wk;d jrifv h yk af qmif&ef
twGuf yl;aygi;f aqmif&Gufa&;enf;AsL[mabmif oabmwlncD suw f pfckukd oabmwlvufrSwf
25
a&;xkd;cJoh nf? oHviG jf rpfay: t}uD;pm;a&umwmwnfaqmufa&;wGif w&kwEf idk if H yg0if
ywfoufaomfvnf; v#yfppf"mwftm;trsm;pkrmS tdref ;D jcif;xkid ;f Ekid if Hokd@ a&mif;xkwo f mG ;rnf
jzpfonf?
&Sr;f jynfenftwGi;f w&kwef ,fpyfteD;&Sd a&$vD (1)/ (2)ESihf (3) a&umwmwGif rsm;pGmonfh
w&kwEf ikd if H. yHyh ;kd ulnrD r_ sm;udk &&Scd Jhonf? 2004 ckEpS /f azaz:0g&v
D wGif Yunnan Machinery &
24
For more information regarding the Salween River, see Mon Youth Progressive Organization. 2007.
In the Balance: Salween Dams Threaten Downstream Communities in Burma; Shan Sapawa. 2006. Warning
Signs: An Update on Plans to Dam the Salween in Burma’s Shan State; Karen Rivers Watch. 2004. Damming at
Gunpoint: Burma Atrocities Pave the Way for Salween Dams in Karen State; & Salween Watch, Southeast Asia
Rivers Network & Center for Social Development Studies at Chulalongkorn University. 2004. The Salween
Under Threat: Damming the Longest Free River in Southeast Asia. All available at
http://www.salweenwatch.org/publications.html
25
‘缅甸萨尔温江战略合作框架协议签署 (Salween River Strategic Cooperation Framework Agreement
Signed).’ 金融界, 28 April 2008. http://info.jrj.com.cn/news/2008-04-28/000003585891.html
9
Equipment Import & Export Co. rS a&$vD (1) a&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;rsm;udk
(YMEC)
pwifvyk fuikd cf Jhonf? jrefrmppftpk;d &. aiGa=u;rvHak vmufr_a=umifh26 Yunnan Huaneng
Lancang River Hydropower Development Co. ukr% ` ED iS hf Yunnan Power Grid Co.
ukr%
` Dwkd@y;l aygi;f I 2007 ckEpS /f =o*kwv
f wGif Yunnan Joint Power Development Co.
27
(YUPD) udk xlaxmifcJh onf?
vtenf;i,f=um+yD;aemuf (YUPD) rS jrefrmppftpk;d &ESiyhf ;l aygi;f I Shweli River I Power

Station Co. ukr% ` u
D dk xlaxmif+yD;aemuf/ pDrHude;f . 80 &mckid ;f E_ef;udk &,l+yD;/ a&$vD (1)
a&umwmukd Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) tjzpf ajymif;vJI xkwv f yk fEikd rf p_ rG ;f tm;udk
28
rD*g0yf 400 &S&d mrS rD*g0yf 600 txdwdk;jrifv h dkuo f nf? tenf;qH;k Sinohydro ukr% ` cD EGJ pS cf rk S
pDru
H ed ;f twGuf aqmufvkyaf &;vkyif ef;aqmifwmrsm;udk axmufychH +Jh yD;/ Sichuan Machinery &
Equipment Import & Export Co. ukr% ` ED iS hf Ningbo Huyong Electric Power Material Co.
ukr% ` rD S v#ypf pf"mwftm;vGw}f udK;ESifh "mwfwidk rf sm;twGuf tar&duefa':vm rDv, D rH sm;pGm
29
wefonfh oabmwlpmcsKyfudk vufrw S af &;xk;d cJhonf? a&$vD (1) a&tm;v#yfppfpuf&o Hk nf
2009 ckEpS /f ZGefvwGif t+yD;owfaqmufvyk rf nfjzpf+yD;/ arv 2007 ckEpS fwiG f 4if;.aqmuf
vkyaf &;vkyif ef;rsm;tm; w0ufcef@+yD;ajrmuf+yD;jzpfonf?
ucsijf ynfe,ftwGi;f w&kwpf ;D yGm;a&;yl;aygi;f aqmif&u G af &;ukr%
` Daygi;f awmfawmfrsm;rsm;
onf arc/ rvdcESihf {&m0wDjrpfwav#mufY }uD;rm;onfah &umwmaygi;f (7) ck aqmufvyk f
a&;vkyif ef;wGif yg0ifywfouf+yD;/ ,if;a&umwmtm;vH;k rS v#ypf pfprG ;f tm;aygi;f 13360 rD*g0yf
xkwfvyk Ef ikd rf nfjzpfonf?30 2007 ckEpS w
f iG f China Power Investment Co. ukr% ` rD S ,if;
26
‘激战瑞丽江——水电十四局瑞丽江电站截流施工纪实 (Shweli River Fierce Battle-Shweli Dam 14th
Bureau Damming Construction).’ Sinohydro Website, 26 February 2007.
http://www.sinohydro.com/portlet?pm_pl_id=7&pm_pp_id=13&COLUMNID=111111&ARTICLEID=117246
07890001 For photographs of construction at the Shweli I Dam site see ‘瑞丽江项目部图库 (Shweli River
Project Bureau Photographs).’ Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau Dali Sub-bureau Website, 29 June 2007.
http://www.fcbdl.com/bencandy.php?fid=61&id=394
27
‘中国在缅甸投资的首个水电项目成功截流 (China’s First Hydropower Investment in Burma Successfully
Dammed).’ China Electricity Council, 13 December 2006. http://www.cec.org.cn/news/showc.asp?id=92488;
For more information regarding the Shweli Cascade see Palaung Youth Network Group. 2007. Under the Boot.
Available in English and Chinese at http://www.salweenwatch.org/brn.html
28
‘瑞丽江电站胜利实现截流 (Shweli River Hydropower Station Triumphantly Blocks Water).’ Sinohydro’s
14th Engineering Bureau Dali Sub-bureau Website, 11 December 2006.
29
‘Myanmar Installs More Transmission Lines for New Power Plant.’ Xinhua General News Service, 5 July 2007;
‘About Huyong.’ Ningbo Huyong Electric Power Material Co. Website. http://www.hydl-cn.com/en/aboutus.htm
[Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this link.] ; &
‘缅甸瑞丽江一级电站工程总承建包合同在昆签字 (Contracts Signed in Kunming for Shweli I Dam).’ Sinohydro’s
14th Engineering Bureau Website, 5 July 2007.
30
For more information, see Kachin Development Network Group. 2007. Damming the Irrawaddy. Available
at http://www.salweenwatch.org/brn.html
10
a&umwm (7) ckudk aiGa=u;axmufy&Hh ef jrefrmppftpk;d &ESifh oabmwlvufrw S f a&;xk;d cJ+h yD;/
China Southern Power Grid Co. ukr`%E D iS hf Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import &
Export Co. (YMEC) wkd@rS arcjrpfay: jzpfEi kd fajca&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;rsm; vkyu f ikd &f ef
jrefrmhprG ;f tif0ef}uD;XmeESihf MoU oabmwlpmcsKyfukd 2006 ckEpS w f iG f vufrSwaf &;xd;k cJhonf?
rnfokd@qkad p ,if;tpDtpOfrsm;. tao;pdwftcsut f vufrsm;tm; &Si;f vif;az:jyjcif;
r&Sad o;ay? Changjiang Institute of Surveying, Planning, Design & Research tzGJ@onf
arcESihf rvdcjrpfqYHk jzpfEkdizf ,G }f udKwifavhvmr_wpfcjk yKvky+f yD;cJ+h yD;/ ,if;avhvmr_tm; China
CAMC Engineering Co ukr% ` rD S yg0ifywfoufco Jh nfru a'owGi;f a&tm;v#ypf pf
pDruH ed ;f rsm; taumiftxnfaz:&mYvnf; yg0ifywfoufchJonf?
2006 ckEpS w f iG f pwifaqmufvyk fonfh rEWav;wkid ;f rS rD*g0yf 790 tm;&Sd a&0a&umwmtm;
China Gezhouba Group Co. ukr% ` /D Sinohydro ukr% ` /D China International Trust and
Investment Co. (CITIC) ukr`%/D Technology Co. ukr% ` /D China National Electric
Equipment Co. ukr% ` /D China National Heavy Machinery Co. ukr`%ED Sihf Hunan Savoo
Oversea Water and Electric Engineering Co ponfhur k %` rD sm;tygt0if w&kwpf ;D yGm;a&;
yl;aygi;f aqmif&u G fa&;ukr`%aD ygi;f awmfawmfrsm;rsm;rS aiGa=u;axmufychH hJonf? xkdxufru
pDruH ed ;f twGuf aemufxyfvt kd yfonfhaiGa=u;rsm;ukd China EXIM Bank rS yHyh ;kd ulncD Jhonf?
a&0/ a&$vED iS hf [wf}uD;a&umwmpDrHued ;f wk@d tjyif t}uD;qH;k w&kwaf &umwmaqmufvyk fa&;
ukr%` jD zpfonfh Sinohydro ukr% ` ED iS hf 4if;.ukr`%w
D kd@onf uGe/f ausmuf/ rGef;/ erf;cefc/
aygi;f avmif;/ wmydef (1)/ ozef;qdwEf iS hf aZmf*sD (1) ponfah &umwmpDru H de;f wkd@wiG fvnf;
yg0ifywfoufcJhonf? a&0pDru H ed ;f ESihftvm;wl China International Trust and Investment
Co. (CITIC) ukr% ` ED iS hf China EXIM Bank wkd@rS ozef;qdwfa&umwmpDru H ed ;f twGuf
&if;ES;D jrKwfErSH E_ iS hf aemufxyfvt kd yfonfhaiGa=u;rsm;udk yHyh ;kd ulncD Jo
h nf?
The Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr%
` t
D m;
jrefrma&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;u¾wGif twuf=uGq;kH w&kwfurk %
` Dwpfcjk zpfonf? YMEC
onf 1990 ckEpS u
f wnf;u Ching Hkran, Chinshwehaw, Dattawgyaing, Hopin, Kunhein,
Kunlon, Kyaing Ton, Kyaukme, Laiva, Mepan, Nam Hkam Hka, Nam Myaw, Nam Wop,
Nancho, Paunglaung, Upper Paunglaung, Shweli I, II, III Cascade, Watwon, Zaungtu,
Zawgyi I and II, Zichaung, ESihf N’Mai Hka ponfa h &umwmpDrHude;f rsm;tygt0if
pDruH ed ;f t}uD; tao;aygi;f 25 ckausmw f iG f yg0ifywfoufc+Jh yD;/ &efuek rf S '*Hv
k #ypf pfprG ;f tif
XmecGw J iG v f nf;yg0ifco
Jh nf? YMEC yg0ifywfoufr_&o Sd nfh TpDrHued ;f awmfawmfrsm;rsm;wGif
+yD;pD;cJ+h yD;/ 4if;wkd@yg0ifywfoufrr_ mS &Sif;vif;pGmrod&&Sd aomfvnf; aqmufvyk af &;ESihf
aiGa=u;axmufyaHh &;wGif ykdrykd g0ifrnfjzpfonf?
11
a&eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@
w&kwt f }uD;qH;k a&eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@urk `%rD sm;jzpf=uonfh Sinopec, China National
Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) ESihf China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC)
ponfhurk % ` rD sm;tygt0if jrrmEkid if t H wGif; urf;vGeEf iS hf uke;f wGi;f ykid ;f a&eHESio
hf bm0"mwfaiG@
pDru
H ed ;f aygi;f (21) ckwiG f w&kwpf D;yGm;a&;yl;aygi;f aqmif&u G af &; ukr% ` Daygi;f tenf;qH;k (16) ck
wGif yg0ifywfoufco Jh nf? 2007 ckEpS /f =o*kwfvwGif jrefrmppftpk;d &onf &ckid jf ynf a&$obm0
"mwfaiG@vyk fuu G rf S obm0"mwfaiG@rsm;tm; PetroChina ukr% ` o D kd@ tjcm;aom+ydKifbuf
ukr%` rD sm;xuf aps;edrI fh a&mif;xkwrf t _ m; twnfjyKcJ+h yD;/ TudpPa=umifh jrefrmhobm0
"mwfaiG@u¾wGif w&kwf.=oZmvGrf;rk;d r_ukd ykrd &dk iS f;vif;apcJhonf?31
CNPC ukr% ` o
D nf 4if;.ukr% ` cD jGJ zpfonfh PetroChina ukr% ` tD m; &ckid furf;vGeyf ifv,frS
a&eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@vyk u f Guf (5) uGuftwGuf 2006 ESihf 2007 ckEpS w f iG f jrefrmppf
tpk;d &ykid f Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise (MOGE) ukr% ` ED iS fh MOUs oabmwlpmcsKyf
vufrSwaf &;xd;k cJo h nf? CNOOC ESihf 4if;.ukr% ` DcjGJ zpfonfh China National Oil & Gas
Development Co. (CNODC)/ ESihf China Oilfield Services Limited (COSL) wkd@onf
&ckid jf ynf obm0"mwfaiG@vyk u f Guf (6) uGut f wGi;f obm0"mwfaiG@&mS azGa&;ESifh xkwfvyk f
a&;twGuf MoUs oabmwlpmcsKyfwiG f vufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonf? vkyu f uG f (6) uGut f euf (2)
uGut f wGi;f wGif CNOOC .yg0ifrr_ mS China Huanqiu Contracting and Engineering Co.
ukr% ` ED iS hf Singapore’s Golden Aaron Pet. Ltd. ukr% ` w D kd@ yl;aygi;f yg0ifzGJ@pnf;xm;onfh Sino-
Singaporean pD;yGm;a&;yl;aygi;f aqmif&Gua f &;ukr% ` Dwpfc. k tpdwftykid ;f rS yg0ifcjJh cif;jzpfonf?
2006 ESihf 2007 ckEpS w f Gif Sinopec ukr% ` ED iS hf PetroChina ukr% ` ED pS cf pk vH;k &ckid fyifv,f
urf;ajcrS obm0"mwfaiG@&SmazGa&;vkyif ef;rsm; jyKvkycf o Jh nf[k od&&Sd onf?32
&ckid jf ynfvyk fuu

G rf sm;. aemufuG,w f iG f Tuyintaung RSF-2, Gwegyo-Ngashandaung RSF-
3, Tetma IOR-3, IOR-4, Indaw-Yenan C-1, and Shwebo-Monywa C-2 ponft h ygt0if
CNPC onf uke;f ay:vkyu f Gurf sm;&SmazG&ef pDpOfaeonf? Sinopec rSvnf; ppfuikd ;f ESihf
rauG;wkid ;f &Sd uke;f wGi;f ykid f;vkyu
f Guf D wGif &SmazGrr_ sm;jyKvkycf Jhonf? od@k EiS phf yfv#i;f I CNOOC
ESihf 4if;.ukr`%cD rGJ sm;onf oD;oef@aomfvnf;aumif;/ Sino-Singaporean pD;yGm;a&;yl;aygi;f
aqmif&Guaf &;ukr% ` ED iS hf twly;l aygi;f Iaomfvnf;aumif; rkwrW yifv,fatmfwiG ;f M-2, M-3,
31
For more information about the Shwe natural gas block, see Shwe Gas Movement. 2006. Supply &
Command: Natural Gas in Western Burma Set to Entrench Military Rule; & Arakan Oil Watch. The Shwe Gas
Bulletin. Both available at www.shwe.org.
32
For more information regarding China’s oil and natural gas activities in Arakan State see Arakan Oil Watch.
2008. Blocking Freedom: A Case Study of China’s Oil & Gas Investment in Burma. Available at
www.arakanoilwatch.org
12
M-4 ESihf M-10 ponfh urf;vGef vkyu f Gurf sm;ESifh Indaw-Yenan C-1, ESifh Shwebo-Monywa C-
2. ponfwkd@wi G f Sinopec ESit fh wlwuG vkyaf qmif yg0ifywfoufcJhonf?
avmifpm&SmazGw;l az:a&;ESihf w+ydKifeuf/ CNPC ESihf Sinopec onf jrefrmEkid if t H wGi;f &ckid f
urf;&k;d wef;rS w&kwEf ikd if Htaemufawmifyidk f;+rdK@rsm;jzpfonfh Kunming okd@r[kwf Chongqing
+rdK@okd@ oG,fwef;rnfh uDvrkd w D maygi;f 2380 &Snfvsm;onfh a&eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@yu kd fvikd f;
wnfaqmufa&;ukd pDpOfvyk af qmifaeonf? Sinopec onf "mwfaiG@ydkuv f ikd f;wnfaqmuf&ef
tar&duefa':vm (1) bDv, D Hausmf oabmwlpmcsKyfudk vufrw S fa&;xd;k cJ+h yD;/ CNPC onf
vnf; &ckid jf ynfurf;&d;k wef;rS obm0"mwfaiG@t=urf;okad vSmif&Hk wnfaqmufzkd@twGuf jzpfEikd f
ajc tao;pdwaf vhvmcsujf yKvky&f ef jrefrmppftpkd;&ykid f Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise
(MOGE) ukr% ` ED iS hf MoUs oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonf? "mwfaiG@yu kd fvidk f;ESihf
"mwfaiG@t=urf;okdavSmif&Hkonf ta&S@tv,fyikd ;f / awmiftar&duESifh tmz&duEkid if Hwkd@rS
w&kwEf ikd if Hokd@ a&eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@rsm;tm; wifoiG ;f &efv, G fual ponfru/ Malacca
a&vwf=um;rSwpfqihf w&kwEf ikd if o H @dk cufcpJ mG wifykd@ae&onfh jy\emudt k pm;xk;d &ef vsijf ref
vG,fuo l nfh a&G;p&mtjcm;enf;vrf;wpfcv k nf; jzpfvmrnfjzpfonf?
13
owWKwGi;f vkyif ef;
jrefrmhowWKwGi;f vkyif ef;wGif w&kwu f rk % ` w
D kd@.yg0ifywfoufrt_ m; od&&dS ef vGepf mG cufcJovk/d
4if;trsm;pkonf pDrHued ;f tao;pm;rsm;jzpfonfru ppfwyftiftm;rsm;pGmcsxm;onfh
a0;acgio f nfah us;vufa'owGifwnf&+Sd yD; oGm;a&mufI owif;rsm;aumuf,&l efcufco Jh nfh
twGufa=umifh ,if;pDrHued ;f rsm;onf vltrsm;pk.pdw0f ifpm;r_ tm;enf;cJo h nf? Kachin
Development Networking Group ESihf Lahu National Development Organization
tzGJ@wkd@xkwaf 0onfhtpDcHpmrS r=umrDEpS rf sm;twGi;f Y &Sr;f jynfe,fEiS hf ucsijf ynftwGi;f &Sd
tao;pm;owWKwGi;f vkyif ef; pDru H ed ;f rsm;wGif Northern Star/ Sea Sun Star ESihf Standing
Company Limited ponfw h &kwfurk %` Dwkd@ yg0ifywfoufcJha=umif; az:jyonf?33
xkd@tjyif vGecf Jhonfh 5 ESpu f mvtwGi;f w&kwpf D;yGm;a&;yl;aygi;f aqmif&Gufa&;ukr`%aD ygi;f

(10) cktm; jrefrmEkid if HowWKwGi;f pDrHued ;f }uD; (6) ckwiG f yg0ifywfoufcaJh =umifh ERI rS
awG@&cSd o Jh nf? ‚if;wkd@teuf t}uD;qHk;pDru H ed ;f rSm China Nonferrous Metal Mining Company
rS tar&duefa':vm oef;aygi;f 600 jzihf &if;ESD;jrKwfE+HS yD;/ owWKwefcsed af ygi;f oef; 40
xkwfvyk rf nfh rEWav;wkid f;&Sd waumif;awmifowWKwGi;f jzpfonf? 2007 ckEpS w f iG f China’s
National Reform and Development Council rS TpDru H ed ;f ukd twnfjyK+yD;/ jrefrmppftpk;d &
owWKwGi;f 0ef}uD;XmerS +yD;pD;xm;onfph rD u H ed f;jzpfEidk fajc }udKwifavhvmcsuu f dk vufccH o Jh nf?
China EXIM Bank ESihf China Development Bank rS aiGa&;a=u;a&; axmufyI Hh China
Nonferrous Engineering & Research Institute rS uae'gajcpku d f Hatch tzGJ@EiS hf yl;aygi;f I
pDruH ed ;f yHpk Ha&;pGrJ _udk ulnDco
Jh nf? ,if;waumif;awmifprD u H ed f;onf Sino-Burmese owWK
vkyif ef;orkid ;f wckvHk;wGif atmifjrifr_ t&Sq d H;k yl;aygi;f vkyaf qmifr_wpfct k jzpf cs;D rGr;f cHcJ&h +yD;/
w&kwt f pd;k &ESihf jrefrmppftpk;d &xdyyf kid ;f acgi;f aqmifwdk@ pdw0f ifpm;r_ukd &&Scd o hJ nf?34
csi;f jynfe,f&Sd arGawmifowWKwGif;Y &SmazGa&;ESihf jzpfEikd af jc}udKwifavhvmr_jyKvky&f ef Kingbao

(Jinbao) Mining Co. ukr% ` rD S jrefrmowWKwGif;0ef}uD;Xme trSwf (3) ESifh oabmwlvufrSwf
a&;xkd;cJo h nf? ,if;owWKwGi;f onf owWKwefcsed af ygi;f (10) rDv, D efwefausmyf g0ifonf[k
4if;wkd@rS awG@&cSd Jhonf? Kingbao (Jinbao) Mining Co. ukr% ` o
D nf Gold Mountain (Hong
Kong) International Mining Co. ukr% ` ED iS hf Wanbao Mining Co wkd@ aygi;f pyfonfh
ukr% ` cD GJwpfcjk zpf+yD;/ ,if;ukr% ` Dudk 50 &mckid Ef e_ f;pD ykid q
f idk =f uonf? Gold Mountain (Hong
33
Kachin Development Networking Group. 2007. Valley of Darkness: Gold Mining & Militarization in
Burma’s Hugawng Valley. Available at http://www.kachinnews.com/Valleyofdarkness/ValleyofDarkness.pdf;
& Lahu National Development Organization. 2006. Undercurrents: Monitoring Development on Burma’s
Mekong, Issue 2. Available at http://www.shanland.org/articles/environment/2006/Images/Undercurrents2.pdf
34
‘中国有色集团积极推进缅甸达贡山镍矿项目 (CNMC Embarks on Tagaung Taung Nickel Mine Project).’
The State-owned Assets Supervision & Administration Commission (SASAC) of the State Council Website, 16
November 2006. www.sasac.gov.cn/zyqy/gcjz/200611210070.htm
14
Kong) International Mining Co. ukr`%oD nf Zijing Mining Co. ukr%` cD w
GJ pfckv;Hk ukd
ykid q
f ikd +f yD;/ Wanbao Mining Co. ukr%
` Donf China North Industries (NORINCO)
ukr%
` cD GJwpfcv
k Hu
k dk ykid fqikd fxm;onf?
wl;az:&efppD Ofxm;aom tjcm;aomowWKwGi;f pDrHued ;f rsm;rSm vufyaH wmif; a=u;eDowWKwGif;

yg0ifonf? 4if;onf ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f / rH&k mG +rdK@e,f&Sd rHk&mG a=u;eDprD Hued ;f . wwd, &mxm;csujf zpf
onf? 2006 ckEpS /f rwfvrS xkwaf 0onfhtpDcpH monf China Nonferrous Metal Mining Co.
ukr% ` tD m; vufyaH wmif;a=u;eDowWKwGi;f pDrHued ;f udk ydik q f ikd af =umif;ausnmcJ+h yD;/ ,if;ausnm
cJo
h nfhtay: uae'gEikd if H tkid Af eJ f[kd; (Ivanhoe) owWKukr% ` ED iS hf jrefrmhowWKwGif;0ef}uD;Xme
35
wkd@. zufpyfprD u H ed ;f vkyif ef;wGifvnf; tpk&, S , f mykdiq f idk rf _wiG f yg0ifEikd zf ,
G &f Sdonf? rEWav;
wkid ;f rS The Mount Popa Pozzolan Mine udv k nf; wl;az:&efppD Ofxm;+yD;/ ,if;pDru H ed ;f onf
Jiangsu Pengfei Group Co. ukr% ` yD g0ifa=umif; 2007 ckEpS w f iG f xkwjf yefco hJ nf? Yunnan
Machinery & Equipment Export & Import Co. ukr% ` Donf &Sr;f jynfe,ftwGi;f / erfw h -l
abmfwiG ;f owWKwGi;f vkyif ef; wl;az:&ef jrefrmowWKwGif;0ef}uD;XmeESihf oabmwlpmcsKyf
awmfawmfrsm;rsm;ukd vufrw S fa&;xk;d cJ+h yDjzpf+yD;/ avmavmq,fq,ftcsed fwiG f owWKwGif;
ae&mw0du k f aemufxyf&mS azGrE_ iS hf wl;az:r_rsm;jznfph u G fvyk fuidk &f ef ndES i_d ;f aqG;aEG;aeonf?
aemufq;Hk rSmrl &Srf;jynfe,ftwGi;f wD*spaf usmufr;D aoG;puf&EHk iS fh owWKvkyfief;rsm;tm; cGe;f /
uabmif;ESihf a&0a&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;wGif yg0ifvyk u f ikd faeonfh China National Heavy
Machinery Co. ukr% ` rD S vkyuf ikd fawmhonf?
vkyif ef;rsm;tm;vHk;rSm 2001 ckEpS rf S jrefrmhowWKvkyif ef;tm%mykid Ef iS fh Chinese Ministry of

Land Resources wkd@t=um; jrefrmhowWKvkyi f ef;ESihf owWKt&if;tjrpf&mS azGa&;ESihf &if;ESD;jrKwf
ESrH w
_ iG f wdk;jrifv
h yk faqmifr_EiS hf pyfvsO;f onfh oabmwlpmcsKyf. aemufqufwGJrS jzpfay:vmjcif;
36
jzpfonf?
35
In February 2007, Ivanhoe Mines reported that due to requirements of its partnership with Rio Tinto in
Mongolia, the company transferred all of its assets in Burma to an independent trust. Ivanhoe Mines. 2007.
Fact File: The Monywa Copper Project. Available at http://www.ivanhoemines.com/i/pdf/Monywa-Fact-
File.pdf
36
‘Myanmar’s Coal Production up Sharply in 2005.’ Xinhua News Agency, 13 January 2006.
15
jrefrmha&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;/ a&eHEiS o u¾rs
hf bm0"mwfaiG@vyk if ef;ESihf owWKvkyif ef;u ¾rsm;wGif
yg0ifywfoufonfh w&kwpDfp;D yGm;a&;yl;aygi;f aqmif&uG af &;ukr% ` rD sm; pm&if;
a&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;u¾

Central China Power Grid Co. (CCPGC)
Central China Power Grid International Economic & Trade Co.
Changjiang Geotechnical Engineering Co.
Changjiang Institute of Surveying, Planning & Design Research
China CAMC (Construction & Agricultural Machinery Import & Export Co) Engineering Co.
China Datang Group Co.
China Datang Yantan Hydropower Co.
China Export-Import (EXIM) Bank
China Gezhouba Group Co. (CGGC)
China Gezhouba Group (CGGC) International Co.
China Gold Water Resources Co.
China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group Co. (CHECC)
CHECC, Kunming Hydroelectric Investigation Design & Research Institute (KHIDI)
CHECC, Mid-South Design & Research Institute
China International Trust & Investment Co. (CITIC) Group
China International Trust & Investment Co. (CITIC) Technology Co.
China National Electric Equipment Co. (CNEEC)
China National Heavy Machinery Co. (CHMC)
China Power Investment Co. (CPI)
China Shanghai (Group) Co. for Foreign Economic & Technological Co-operation Co.
China Southern Power Grid Co. (CSG)
China Three Gorges Project Co. (CTGPC)
Guangdong New Technology Import Export Zhuhai Co.
Guangxi Electric Power Industry Investigation Design & Research Institute
Hanergy Holding Group (formerly China Farsighted Investment Group)
Hunan Savoo Oversea Water & Electric Engineering Co.
Jiangxi Water Programming & Design Institute
Kunming Electric Machinery Co.
Ningbo Huyong Electric Power Material Co.
Shenzhen Menglong Import & Export Co.
Shweli River I Power Station Co.
Sichuan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (SMEC)
Sinohydro International
Sinohydro’s 1st Engineering Bureau
Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau
16
Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau Dali Sub-bureau
State Grid Corporation of China
State Grid Corporation of China, Beijing Electric Power Construction Research Institute
Tianjing ALSTOM Hydro Co.
Yunnan Electric Power Design Institute
Yunnan Huaneng Lancang River Hydropower Development Co.
Yunnan Joint Power Development Co. (YUPD)
Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. Ltd. (YMEC)
Yunnan Power Grid Co.
Zhejiang Orient Holding Group
a&eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@vyk if ef;u¾

China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC)
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) Ltd.
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) Myanmar
China Oilfield Services Limited (COSL)
China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC)
China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) International
China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) Hong Kong
China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) Huabei Petroleum
China National Oil & Gas Exploration & Development Co. (CNODC)
China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) Sichuan Petroleum Geophysical Prospecting Co.
China Huanqiu Contracting & Engineering Co.
Chinnery Assets
Kai Er Co.
PetroChina
PetroChina International (Singapore) Co. (ChinaOil Singapore)
China Petroleum & Chemical Co. (Sinopec)
owWKvkyif ef;u¾
China Development Bank
China Export-Import (EXIM) Bank
China National Heavy Machinery Co. (CHMC)
China Nonferrous Metal Mining Co. (CNMC)
CNMC Nickel Co.
Gold Mountain (Hong Kong) International Mining Co.
Jiangsu Pengfei Group Co.
Kingbao (Jinbao) Mining Co.
Wanbao Mining
Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC)
17
w&kwpf ;D yGm;a&;yl;aygi;f aqmif&u G af &;ukr%
` rD sm; yg0ifiyf wfoufonfh jrefrmEkid if t
H wGi;f
jyKvky+f yD;/ jyKvkyaf eqJEiS hf jyKvkyrf nfh a&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;/ a&eHEiS o
fh bm0"mwfaiG@vyk if ef;ESihf
owWKvkyif ef;u¾rsm; ajryHk
18
a&tm;v#ypf pf v#ypf pf}udK;vk
;vkid ;f
1. Nam Hkam Hka Dam (5 MW) Belin-Meikhtila-Taungtwingyi-Monywa
2. Khaunglanphu Dam (1700 MW) Kengtawng
3. Phizaw Dam (1500 MW) Myaungdagar-Hlaingthagar-Yekyi
4. Lakin Dam (1400 MW) Rangoon-Yegyi
5. Laiza Dam (1560 MW)
6. Pashe Dam (1600 MW) Shweli I-Rangoon/Niyou River (China)
7. Chibwe (Chibwi) Dam (2000 MW)
8. Chibwe Nge (Chibwi Nge) Dam (99 MW) a&tm;v#ypf pf (wnf&&Sd mae&m rod&&Sd )
9. Myitsone Dam (3600 MW)
10. Ching Hkran Dam (2.52 MW) Kyauk Dam (Pegu Division)
11. Hopin Dam (1.126 MW) ‘Songpu’ Dam* (7.5 MW)
12. Tarpein I Dam (240 MW)
13. Tarpein II Dam (168 MW) ‘Piaoliang’ Dam* (400 MW)
14. Shweli I Dam (600 MW)
15. Shweli I Substation uke;f wGi;f ykid ;f a&eHEiS o
fh bm0"mwfaiG@
16. Nam Myaw Dam (4 MW)
C-1 Block
17. Shweli II Dam (460 MW)
18. Shweli III Dam (360 MW) C-2 Block
19. Upper Thanlwin/Kunlong Dam(2400 MW) D Block
20. Kunlon Dam (0.5 MW) IOR-3 Block
21. Chinshwehaw Dam(0.2 MW) IOR-4 Block
22. Mepan (Meipan) Dam (1.26 MW) L Block
23. Kunhein (Kunheng) Dam (0.15 MW) M Block
24. Mongsan Substation RSF-2 Block
25. Kyaing Ton (Kengtung) Dam (0.48 MW) RSF-3 Block
26. Nam Wop Dam (3 MW)
27. Tasang Dam (7100 MW) Natural Gas Pipeline
28. Kengtawng Dam (54 MW) Oil Pipeline
29. Zawgyi I Dam (18 MW)
30. Zawgyi II Dam (12 MW) urf;vGeaf &eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@
31. Kyaukme Dam (4 MW)
32. Watwon Dam (0.5 MW) A-1 Block
33. Yeywa Dam (790 MW) A-3 Block
34. Yeywa Substation A-4 Block
35. Dattawgyaing Dam AD-1 Block
36. Belin Substation AD-6 Block
37. Shwesaryan Substation AD-8 Block
38. Thapanseik Dam (30 MW) M-2 Block
39. Zi Chaung Dam (1.26 MW) M-3 Block
40. Laiva Dam (0.96/0.6 MW) M-4 Block
41. Kyeeon Kyeewa Dam (75 MW)
42. Buywa Dam (60 MW) M-10 Block
43. Mone Creek Dam (75 MW)
44. Nancho Dam (40 MW) owWKwGi;f vkyif ef;
45. Upper Paunglaung Dam (140 MW)
46. Paunglaung Dam (280 MW) Letpadaung Copper Deposit
47. Thaukyegat I Dam (150 MW)
Mount Popa Pozzolan Mine
48. Thaukyegat II Dam (120 MW)
49. Kapaung Dam (30 MW) Mwetaung Nickel Deposit
50. Phyu Dam (20 MW) Namtu-Bawtwin Mineral Deposit
51. Kun (Kunchaung) Dam (60 MW) Tagaung Taung Nickel Deposit
52. Yenwe Dam (25 MW) Tigyit Coal Fired Power Plant and Mine
53. Zaungtu Dam (20 MW)
54. Kyauk Naga Dam (75 MW)
55. Hat Gyi Dam (1200 MW) * Name available in Chinese only
56. Rangoon Dagon Substation
19
w&kwpf ;D yGm;a&;yl;aygif
aygif;aqmif&u ` rD sm; yg0ifywfoufonfh jrefrmEkid if t
G af &;ukr% H wGi;f
jyKvky+f yD;/ jyKvkyaf eqJEiS hf jyKvkyrf nfh a&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;rsm; ajryHk
20
w&kwpf ;D yGm;a&;yl;aygi;f aqmif&u G af &;ukr%` rD sm; yg0ifywfoufonfh jrefrmEkid if t
H wGi;f
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fh bm0"mwfaiG@vyk if ef;ESifh owWKvkyif ef;u¾rsm;
ajryHk
21
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` rD sm; yg0ifywfoufonfh jrefrmEkid if t
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jyKvky+f yD;/ jyKvkyaf eqJEiS hf jyKvkyrf nfh a&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;/ a&eHEiS o
fh bm0"mwfaiG@vyk if ef;ESihf
owWKvk
Kvkyif ef;u¾rsm; tusKOf;csKyf
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csi;f jynfe,f
Laiva (0 '\r 6 rD*g0yf) (zvef;+rdK@e,f) 26
ucsijf ynfe,f
csb D , G f Chibwe (Chibwe) (2000 rD*g0yf)/ arcjrpf (csb D , G +f rdK@e,f) 27
csb D , G if ,f Chibwe Nge (Chibwe Nge) (99 rD*g0yf)/ csb D , G af csmif; (csb
D ,
G +f rdK@e,f) 27
csicf ef Ching Hkran (Chying Hkran) (2 '\r 52 rD*g0yf) (csicf ef&mG / jrpf}uD;em;+rdK@e,f) 28
[kyd if Hopin (1 '\r 26 rD*g0yf) (rk;d nif;+rdK@e,f) 28
aumifvefz;l Khaunglanphu (1700 rD*g0yf) arcjrpf (aumifvefz;l +rdK@e,f) 28
vkid Zf m (1560 rD*g0yf) arcjrpf (Sumprabum Township) 28
vcif Lakin (1400 rD*g0yf) arcjrpf (csb D ,G f +rdK@e,f) 28
jrpfqHk (3600 rD*g0yf) {&m0wfjrpfqHk 28
erf;cefcg; - Nam Hkam Hka (5 rD*g0yf)/ (ylwmtk+d rdK@e,f) 29
yg&;SD -Pashe (1600 rD*g0yf) arcjrpf (csb D ,G f +rKd@e,f) 29
zkid af Zmf - Phizaw (1500 rD*g0yf) arcjrpf (aumifvefz;l +rdK@e,f) 30
wmydef (1) (240 rD*g0yf) wmydejf rpf (a'gzek , f ef+rdK@e,f Dawphoneyan Township) 30
wmydef trSwf (2) (168 rD*g0yf)/ wmydejf rpf (a'gzek , f ef+rdK@e,f) 31
u&ifjynfe,f
[wf}uD; (1200 rD*g0yf)/ oHviG jf rpf 31
aomufa&uwftrSwf (1) (Thaukyegat-I) (150 rD*g0yf)/ aomufa&cg; (a';vk;d ) jrpf
(Thaukyayka (Day Loh) River ) (xef;wyif+rdK@e,f/ yJc;l wkid f;) 31
aomufa&uwf trSwf 2 - Thaukyegat 2 (120 rD*g0yf)/ aomufa&cg; (a';vk;d ) jrpf 32
rauG;wkid ;f
bl;&Gm (60 rD*g0yf) rGe;f acsmif; (bl;&Gm/ apwkw&W m+rdK@e,f - Sidoktaya Township) 32
aus;tHk; aus;0 - Kyeeon Kyeewa (75 rD*g0yf) rGe;f acsmif; (yGijfh zL+rdK@e,f) 32
rGe;f acsmif; (75 rD*g0yf)/ rGef;acsmif; (apwkw&W m+rdK@e,f) 32
rEWav;wkid ;f
"mwfawmf*ikd ;f - (Dattawgyaing) (ausmufqnf+rdK@e,f) 33
eefcsKd (40 rD*g0yf)/ eefcsKd acsmif; (ysi;f rem;+rdK@e,f) 33
aygi;f avmif; (280 rD*g0yf) (ysi;f rem;+rdK@e,f) 34
22
txufaygi;f avmif; (rD*g0yf 140) 35
0wf0ef-Watwon (0 '\r 5 rD*g0yf) (jyifO;D vGi+f rdK@e,f) 35
a&0 (790 rD*g0yf)/ jrSpif ,facsmif; (ausmufqnf+rdK@e,f) 35
yJc;l wkid ;f
uaygi;f - Kapaung (30 rD*g0yf) (awmifi+l rdK@e,f) 38
cGe;f - Kun (cGe;f acsmif; - Kunchaung) (60 rD*g0yf)/ ppfawmif;jrpf (jzL;+rdK@e,f) 39
ausmuf 40
ausmufe*g; (75 rD*g0yf)/ a&$usiaf csmif; (a&$usi+f rdK@e,f) 40
jzL; (20 rD*g0yf)/ jzL;acsmif; (jzL;+rdK@e,f) 40
aomufa&uwf (150 rD*g0yf)/ aomufa&c (a';vk;d ) jrpf 40
&JE, G f (25 rD*g0yf)/ &JE, G facsmif; (ausmufwcH g;+rdK@e,f) 40
aZmif;wl - Zaungtu (20 rD*g0yf)/ yJc;l jrpftxufyikd f; (wku d }f uD;&Gm/ yJc;l +rdK@e,f) 41
ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f
ozef;qdwf (30 rD*g0yf)/ rljrpf (ozef;qdw&f mG / u|e;f vS+rdK@e,f) 41
ZD;acsmif; - Zi Chaung (1'\r26 rD*g0yf) 42
&Sr;f jynfe,f
csi;f a&$a[mf - Chinshwehaw (0 '\r 2 rD*g0yf) 42
ude;f awmif;(54 rD*g0yf)/ erf;wdr;f acsmif;-Namtein Creek (rd;k eJ+rdK@e,f-Mone Township) 42
uGe[ f ed ;f (0 '\r 15 rD*g0yf) 43
uGev f Hk (0 '\r 5 rD*g0yf) 43
ude;f awmif; (0 '\r 32 / 0 '\r 48 rD*g0yf) 43
ausmufrJ (4 rD*g0yf) 44
rJyef (1 '\r 26 rD*g0yf) (rkid ;f qwf+rdK@e,f) 44
erf;arsm - Nam Myaw (4 rD*g0yf) 44
erf[ h yk f - Nam Wop (3 rD*g0yf) usKd if;wH+k rdK@e,f 44
a&$v-D 1 (600 rD*g0yf)/ a&$vjD rpf (refwuf&mG / erfch rf;+rdK@e,f) 44
a&$v-D 2 (460 rD*g0yf)/ a&$vjD rpf 46
a&$v-D 3 (360 rD*g0yf)/ a&$vjD rpf 46
wmqef; (7100 rD*g0yf)/ oHviG jf rpf 46
txufov H iG f (2400 rD*g0yf) oHviG jf rpf 47
aZmf*sD (1) (18 rD*g0yf)/ aZmf*sjD rpf (&yfapmuf+rdK@e,f) 48
aZmf*sD (2) (12 rD*g0yf)/ aZmf*sjD rpf 49
pGr;f tifpuf&EHk iS hf v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f
bD;vif;-rdwÎdvm-awmifwiG ;f }uD;-rH&k mG 49
bD;vif;pGr;f tifpuf&Hk (ausmufqnf+rdK@e,f/ rEWav;wkdi;f ) 50
ude;f awmif; - Kengtawng v#ypf pf}udK;vkid f; (&Sr;f jynfe,f) 50
23
rkid ;f qefprG f;tifpuf&Hk - Mongsan Substation (&Sr;f jynfe,f) 50
ajrmif;wcg;-v_id fwcg;-a&=unf (Myaungdagar-Hlaingthagar-Yekyi) 50
&efuek /f '*Hpk rG ;f tifpuf&Hk (&efuek w
f idk f;) 51
&efuek -f a&=unf (&efuek fwikd ;f ) 51
a&$vD (1) pGr;f tifpuf&EHk iS hf v#ypf pf}udK;vkid f; (&Sr;f jynfe,f) 51
a&$pm&H pGr;f tifpuf&Hk (ausmufqnf+rdK@e,f/ rEWav;wkid ;f ) 52
a&0pGr;f tifpuf&Hk (rEWav;wkid ;f ) 52
ae&ma'ors
ae&ma'orsm; raz:jyEkid o f nfh a&umwmrsm;
pGezf ;l (Songpu) (7 '\r 5 rD*g0yf) 53
‘Piaoliang’ (400 rD*g0yf) 53
&ckid jf ynf
vkyu f Gut f rSwf (A-1) (urf;vGeaf 'o) 54
vkyu f Guf A-3 (urf;vGeaf 'o) 55
vkyu f Guf A-4 (urf;vGeaf 'o) 55
vkyu f Guf AD-1 (urf;vGefa'o/ a&wdryf ikd ;f / ysr;f r# rDwm 2000) 55
vkyu f Guf AD-6 (urf;vGefa'o a&eufyikd f;/ ysr;f r# rDwm 2000) 56
vkyu f Guf (AD-8) (urf;vGeaf 'o/ a&eufyikd ;f / ysr;f r# rDwm 2000) 56
vkufuu G f L (uke;f wGi;f ykid f;) 57
vkyu f Guf M (ukef;wGif;ykid ;f / ausmif;jzLa'o) 57
rEWav;wkid ;f
yk*pH rD uH ed ;f (uke;f wGi;f ydik ;f ) 57
vkyu f Guf IOR-3 (uke;f wGif;ydik ;f / wufr-Tetma) 58
vkyu f Guf RSF-2 ukef;wGif;ydik ;f / wl&ifawmif) 58
vkyu f Guf RSF-3 (ukef;wGi;f ydik ;f / auG;csK-d i&Srf;awmif) 59
rkwrW urf;ajc
vkyu f Guf M-2 (urf;vGe)f 59
yJc;l wkid ;f
jynfa&eHuGuf 61
vkyu f Guf IOR-4 (ukef;wGif;ydik ;f ) 61
24
ppfuidk ;f wkid ;f
vkufuu G ftrSwf C-1 (uke;f wGi;f ykid ;f / tif;awm-a&eH) 61
vkyu
f Gut f rSwf C-2 (uke;f wGi;f ykid f;/ a&$b-kd rH&k mG ) 62
vkyu
f Gut f rSwf D (ukef;wGi;f ykid f;/ ppfuikd ;f wdik ;f ESifh rauG;wkid ;f ) 63
a&eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@ykduv f ikd f; 63
owWKwGi;f vkyif ef;
csi;f jynfe,f
arGawmif a=u;jzL 65
ppfuikd ;f wdik ;f
vufyaH wmif; a=u;eD (rH&k Gm) 65
&Sr;f jynfe,f
wD*spaf usmufrD;aoG;"mwftm;puf&EHk iS hf owWKwGif;(120rD*g0yf)(wD*sp/f yifavmif;+rdK@e,f) 65
erf;wl-abmfwiG f;bdvyfajr/ oGyjf ym;/ owWKwGi;f 66
rEWav;wkid ;f
waumif;awmif a=u;jzLowWKwGi;f (oydwfusi;f +rdK@e,f) 66
yky`g;awmif Pozzolan owWKESihf puf&Hk 67
25
a&tm;v#ypf pfvyk if ef;
csi;f jynfe,f
Laiva (0 '\ '\r 6 rD*g0yf) (zvef;+rdK@e,f)
1992 ckEpS rf S ,if;pDrHued ;f udk Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC)
ukr% ` rD S vkyfuikd cf Jhonf? 1
ucsijf ynfe,f
arc/ rvdcESihf {&m0wDa'o
rvdcjrpfwiG f a&tm;v#ypf pfwnfaqmuf&ef Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import &
Export Co. (YMEC) rS jrefrmhv#ypf pfprG ;f tif0ef}uD;ESihf MoU oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrw
S f
2
a&;xkd;cJo
h nf?
jrpfqaHk e&mwGif a&tm;v#ypf pfprD u H ed ;f aqmufvyk fa&;ESihf ppfwrf;aumuf,rl r_ sm;jyKvkyaf &;

aqG;aEG;&ef China CAMC (Construction & Agricultural Machinery Import & Export
Corporation) Co. ukr%
` rD S jrefrmppftpd;k &ukd,pf m;vS,Ef iS fh 2006 ckEpS Yf Guilin, Guangxi wGif
3
awG@qHck oJh nf?
China Southern Power Grid Co. (CSG) ukr%

` DEiS hf China Power Investment Co. (CPI)
ukr%
` Donf arc/ rvdcESihf {&m0wDjrpfwiG f a&tm;v#ypf pfprD u H ed ;f udk yl;wGaJ qmufvyk &f ef
2007 ckEpS /f arvwGif yl;aygi;f aqmuf&u
G fa&;oabmwlncD sufudk vufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonf? 4
1
‘Overseas & Domestic Projects.’ YMEC Website. http://www.ymec.com.cn/cn/about_yj.htm
2
‘中缅能源合作潜力巨大 (Sino-Burmese Energy Cooperation has Tremendous Potential).’
中国农村水电及电气化信息网, 30 March 2006. http://www.shp.com.cn/show.asp?id=18290; &
‘南方电网中电投将合作支持缅甸水电资源开发 (CSG Investment Supports Development of Burma’s
Hydropower Resources.’ 中国水利水电设备（产品）网，28 May 2007.
http://www.cnhydro.com/info/techdevlop/showContent.asp?id=4036
2
‘Prime Minister General Soe Win & Party Visit Guilin.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 6
November 2006. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/06nlm/n061106.htm
3
‘中电投：外围突破迂回入滇 (China Electric Investment: Foreign Breakthroughs Enter Yunnan).’
LRN 资源网, 17 January 2008.
http://www.lrn.cn/invest/enterpriseinfo/enterprisenews/200801/t20080117_189918.htm
5
‘岩滩发电公司首次敲开水电检修国际市场 (Datang Yantan’s First Strike into the International
Hydropower Market).’ Datang Yantan Website, 25 May 2007. http://www.china-
cdt.com/news/datangnews/726473.html
26
China Datang Yantan Hydropower Development Co.ukr%` ED iS hf Shenzhen Menglong Import &
Export Co. ukr%
` o
D nf 2007 ckEpS /f atmufwdkbmvwGif ucsijf ynfe,ftwGi;f rD*g0yf 60
S fa&;xk;d cJhonf? 5
tm;&Sd a&umwmudk jyKjyif&ef oabmwlpmcsKyfukd vufrw
csb
D , G f Chibwe (Chibwe) (2000 rD*g0yf)/ arcjrpf (csb
D ,G +f rdK@e,f)
China Power Investment Co. (CPI) ukr% ` rD S ,if;a&umwmudw k nfaqmuf&ef 2007
6
ckEpS wf iG f MoU oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrw
S fa&;xd;k cJhonf?
csb
D ,G i,f
fi,f Chibwe Nge (Chibwe Nge) (99 rD*g0yf)/ csb D ,G af csmif; (csbD ,
G +f rdK@e,f)
China Power Investment Group Co. (CPI) ukr`%E D Sihf jrefrmhv#ypf pfprG ;f tif0ef}uD;Xme trSwf
(1) rS 2008 ckEpS /f azaz:0g&v D wGif ,if;a&tm;v#ypf pfpuf&Hkwnfaqmuf&efEiS fh pGr;f tif
xkwfvyk af &;ypPn;f ud&d,mrsm;yHyh ;kd uln&D ef oabmwlpmcsKyf csKyfqckd Jhonf? ,if;pGr;f tifpuf&Hk
onf jrpfqjHk rpfa&umwmESihf arc/ rvdcESihf {&m0wDjrpfay:&St d jcm;aoma&umwm aqmuf
7
vkyaf &;twGuf pGrf;tm;rsm;yHyh ;kd &efjzpfonf? w&kw-f jrefrmtzGJ@rjS yKvkyfonfh jzpfEikd fajc
avhvmr_tm; 2008 ckEpS f ESpu f ek yf ikd ;f wGif +yD;pD;rnf[k arsmv f ifoh nf?8
Changjiang Institute of Surveying, Planning & Design Research tzGJ@EiS hf 4if;ukr% ` cD jGJ zpfonfh
Changjiang Geotechnical Engineering Co. ukr% ` rD S 2008 ckEpS f ESpOf ;D ykid ;f wGif ppfwrf;aumuf
9
,ljcif;ESihf ppfaq;r_vyk if ef;rsm; jyKvkycf o
hJ nf?
China Gezhouba Group Co. (CGGC) ukr%

` Donf ajrom;ESifh oHxnfaqmufvyk af &;
vkyif ef;tm;aqmufvyk &f efEiS hf vaygi;f 32 vpmtwGuf pGrf;tifypPnf;ud&, d mrsm; wyfqif&ef
2008 ckEpS w
f iG f China Power Investment Group Co. (CPI) ukr% ` ED iS hf oabmwlvufrw S f
10
a&;xkd;cJo
h nf?
6
‘Burma Committed to Building more Hydropower Plants.’ BBC Financial Times Information, 7 May
2007.
7
Ibid.
8
‘Kachin Hydropower Study due in December.’ The Myanmar Times, 24 March 2008.
http://www.mmtimes.com/no411/b002.htm
9
‘岩土地质公司领导慰问缅甸地质人员(Geotechnical Engineering Co. Consoles Burma Geotechnical
Staff).’ Changjiang Institute of Surveying, Planning & Design Research Website, 21 March 2008.
http://www.cjwsjy.com.cn/News/Company/200803215182.htm
9
‘缅缅缅缅缅缅缅缅缅缅缅缅缅缅缅缅 (Burma Myitsone and Chibwe Hydropower Plant Construction).’ CGGC
Website, 25 July 2008. http://www.cggc.cn/info_show.asp?type=&UidA=1071&UidB=1078&id=3687
27
csicf ef Ching Hkran (Chying Hkran) (2 '\'\r 52 rD*g0yf) (csicf ef&mG / jrpf}uD;em;+rd
em;+rdK@e,f)
Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr% ` rD S ,if;pDru H ed ;f tm;
11
1991 ckEpS w f iG f aqmufvyk cf o
Jh nf? rk;d }uD;xef&mG oGe;f r_a=umifh 2006 ckEpS f/ Zlvidk fv (11)
&ufae@wiG f ,if;a&umwm +ydKvSyJ sufqD;cJo h nf?12
[kyd if Hopin (1 '\ '\r 26 rD*g0yf) (rk;d nif;+rdK@e,f)

1990 ckEpS w f iG f Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr%
` rD S
,if;pDru Jh nf?13
H ed ;f ukd aqmufvkycf o
aumifvefz;l Khaunglanphu (1700 rD*g0yf) arcjrpfarcjrpf (aumifvefz;l +rdK@e,f)

2007 ckEpS /f arvwGif China Power Investment Co. (CPI) ukr% ` rD S jrefrmhprG f;tif0ef}uD;XmeESihf
14
MoU oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonf?
vkid Zf m (1560
(1560 rD*g0yf) arcjrpf
arcjrpf (Sumprabum Township)
2007 ckEpS /f arvwGif China Power Investment Co. (CPI) ukr%
` rD S jrefrmpGr;f tif0ef}uD;XmeESihf
15
vcif Lakin (1400 rD*g0yf) arcjrpf

arcjrpf (csbD , G f +rdK@e,f)
16
jrpfqHk (3600 rD*g0yf) {&m0wD jrpfqkH

2006 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmv (1) &ufae@wiG f China Power Investment Co. (CPI) ukr% ` rD S jrefrmh
17
pGr;f tif0ef}uD;XmeESihf MoU oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrw S af &;xk;d cJo
h nf? jrpfqaHk &umwmt
11
‘Overseas & Domestic Projects.’ YMEC Website. http://www.ymec.com.cn/cn/about_yj.htm; &
‘Chimranrkha Hydropower Station (Myanmar).’ YMEC Website.
http://www.ymec.com.cn/en/hpp/Project_jcc.htm
12
‘Dam Burst Kills Five in Northern Burma’s Kachin State.’ Democratic Voice of Burma, 11 July 2006.
http://six.pairlist.net/pipermail/burmanet/20060712/000989.html [Thanks to Courier Research Associates
for providing this link.]
13
14
2007.
15
Ibid.
16
Ibid.
28
wGuf &if;ES;D jrKwfErSH u_ pd &P yfrsm;aqG;aEG;&ef 2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v D wGif jrefrmpGr;f tif0ef}uD;
trSwf (1) rS China Power Investment Co. (CPI) ukr% ` D/ China’s National Development &
18
Reform Council ESihf tpnf;ta0;wpf&yfusi;f ycJo h nf? 2007 ckEpS /f {+yDvwGif (CPI) ukr% ` D
ESihf jrefrmEdik if w
H &kwof &H H;k wdk@rS {&m0wDjrpfa&umwmaqmufvyk fa&;tm; pDpOfxm;onft h csed f
19
xufapm+yD; aqmufvyk cf Jha=umif; xkwjf yefco Jh nf?
Changjiang Institute of Surveying, Planning, Design & Research tzGJ@rS jrpfqaHk 'otwGi;f
20
5 v=um jzpfEikd af jcavhvmr_rsm;ukd aqmif&u
G +f yD;pD;cJhonf?
erf;cefcg; - Nam Hkam Hka (5 rD*g0yf)/ (ylwmtk+d rdK@e,f)

` rD S
21
,if;pDruH ed ;f udk vkyfuikd cf Jhonf?
Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau onf TpDru H ed ;f udk Ekid if HwumpDru

H ed ;f wpfct
k jzpf
owfrSwcf oJh nf? ,if;pDrHued ;f tm; aqmufvyk +f yD;pD;cJ+h yD;/ 4if;rS aqmufvyk af &;vkyif ef;rsm;udk
axmufyo Hh nf[k ,lq&onf?22
yg&;SD -Pashe (1600 rD*g0yf) arcjrpf

arcjrpf (csb
D ,G f +rKd@e,f)
23
17
‘集团公司与缅甸第一电力部签署开发缅甸水电项目谅解备忘录 (CPI & Burma Ministry of Electric
Power No. 1 Sign MoU to Develop Burma’s Hydropower).’ CPI Website, 29 December 2006.
http://www.cpicorp.com.cn/news.do?cmd=show&id=71604
18
‘国家法改委副主任张国宝会见缅甸联邦第一电力部长 (CPI, China NDRC & Burma Ministry of
Electric Power 1 Meet).’ CPI Website, 22 January 2007.
http://www.cpicorp.com.cn/news.do?cmd=show&id=71688
19
‘‘缅甸恩迈开讲，迈立开江及伊洛瓦底江流域水电开发施工电源电站前期工程开工 (N’Mai Hka,
Mali Hka & Irrawaddy River Project Begins Principal Construction).’ CPI Website, 3 May 2007.
http://www.cpicorp.com.cn/news.do?cmd=show&id=73584; &
‘缅甸“三江”流域开发施工电源站前期工程开工 (‘Three Rivers’ Confluence Hydropower Plant
Begins Principal Construction).’ The Economic & Commercial Counselor’s Office of the Embassy of the
People's Republic of China in Myanmar Website, 11 May 2007.
http://mm.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/jmxw/200705/20070504656153.html
20
The original link to this news report is no longer functional; however, a description of its content is
included in ‘Junta Ignore Pleas to Stop Myitsone Hydropower Project.’ Kachin News Group via Salween
Watch Website, 14 June 2007. http://salween-watch2.livejournal.com/tag/myitsone+kachin+dams
21
22
‘Domestic & Overseas Projects.’ Sinohydro 14th Engineering Bureau Website.
http://www.fcbmis.com/English/Overseas%20Projects.htm
29
zkid aZmf
faZmf - Phizaw (1500 rD*g0yf) arcjrpf
arcjrpf (aumifvefz;l +rdK@e,f)
2007 ckEpS /f arvwGif China Power Investment Co. (CPI) ukr% ` rD S jrefrmpGr;f tif0ef}uD;XmeESihf
24
f ef+rdK@e,f Dawphoneyan Township)

wmydef (1) (240 rD*g0yf) wmydejf rpf (a'gzek ,
2006 ckEpS /f pufwifbmvwGif yl;wGJvyk af qmif&eftwGuf Central China Power Grid Co.
ukr%
` rD S oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrSwaf &;xk;d cJo h nf? 25
Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau and the Dali Sub-bureau of Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering
Bureau tzGJ@rS 2007 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmv zGiyfh Gt Jh nf? 26
J cef;tem;wGif ukd,pf m;jyKwufa&mufco
,if;a&umwmtm; 2008 ckEpS /f pufwifbmvwGif pwifaqmufvyk I f 2010 ckEpS /f ZGev
f wGif
27
+yD;pD;rnf[k cef@reS ;f onf? China Datang Group Co., Central China Power Grid
International Economic & Trade Co. ESihf Jiangxi Water Programming & Design Institute.
ponfh ukr`%rD sm;rS ,if;pDru H ed f;twGuf aiGa=u;&if;ES;D jrKwfErSH r_ sm; axmufyahH y;cJah =umif;
Sinohydro . tpD&ifcp H mrS az:jycJoh nf?28
2008 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif China Datang Group Co. ukr% ` rD S wmydet f rSwf (1) a&umwm
twGuf w&kwf,rG af iG 1 '\r 6 bDv, D H &if;ESi;f jrKwfErSH j_ zihf pDru Jh nf?29
H ed ;f udyk ikd fqikd fco
23
2007.
24
Ibid.
25
‘缅甸总理考察华中电网鄂缅有望扩大电力开发合作 (Burma Premier Reviews CCPG, Hubei &
Burma Hope to Expand Electricity Development Cooperation).’ 湖北日报, 4 November 2006.
http://www.cnhubei.com/200611/ca1198075.htm [Thanks for Courier Research Associates for providing
this link.]
26
‘缅甸太平江水电站主体工程开工 (Burma Tarpein Hydropower Plant Principal Work Begins).’
Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau Dali Sub-bureau Website, 31 December 2007.
http://www.fcbdl.com/bencandy.php?fid=37&id=737 For extensive photographs of construction at the
Tarpein Dam see ‘太平江电站项目部图库(Tarpein River Power Plant Project Bureau Photographs).’
Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau Dali Sub-bureau Website, 20 December 2007.
27
Ibid.
28
Ibid.
29
‘Datang to Take Controlling Stake in Myanmar Hydropower Plant.’ Morning Star-Dow Jones, 4 March
2008...http://news.morningstar.com/newsnet/ViewNews.aspx?article=/DJ/200803040541DOWJONESDJONLINE000
209_univ.xml [Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this link. Note: this article does not
explicitly name the Tarpein I Dam, however see Courier Research Associates. ELECTRIC INDUSTRY OF
BURMA/MYANMAR ON-LINE COMPENDIUM for reference. Available at
http://burmalibrary.org/docs2/myanmar-elec.pdf ]
30
wmydef trSwf (2) (168 rD*g0yf)/ wmydejf rpf (a'gzek ,f ef+rdK@e,f - Dawphoneyan Township)
Central China Power Grid Co. ukr`%o D nf 2006 ckEpS wf iG f jrpftxufyikd f; 9 uDvrkd w
D mcef@&Sd
wmydet f rSwf (1) pDrHude;f vkyif ef;.wkd;wufrt
_ ajctaetay: tpnf;ta0;w&yfusi;f y+yD;
aemuf ,if;pDrHued ;f aqmufvyk fa&;udpt P wGuf jrefrmhprG ;f tif0ef}uD;trSwf (1) ESihf trSwf (2)
wkd@EiS hf awG@qHak qG;aEG;cJhonf? 30
u&ifjynfe,f
[wf}uD; (1200 rD*g0yf)/ oHviG jf rpf

2006 ckEpS /f ZGev f wGif ,if;pDru H ed f;twGuf Sinohydro rS xdik ;f Ekid if H EGAT ESihf jrefrmppftpk;d &
ESihf tar&duefa':vm 1 bDv, D H MoU oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrSwaf &;xd;k cJo h nf?31 rlvY
TpDru H ed ;f udk Sinohydro rS 40 &mckid Ef e_ ;f / EGAT rS 50 &mckid Ef e_ ;f toD;oD;ykid fqikd +f yD;/ useo
f nfh
&mckid Ef e_ ;f tm; jrefrmppftpd;k &rS ykid qf idk cf hJonf? okd@apumrl EGAT OuUXESihf awG@qH+k yD;aemuf
,if;pDru H ed ;f wpfcv
k Hk;udk Sinohydro rS xde;f csKyfxm;a=umif; 2008 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif Sinohydro
xkwjf yefonfh w&m;0iftpD&ifcpH mrS az:jycJo h nf? 32
aomuf
aomufa&uwftrS trSwf (1) (Thaukyegat-I) (150 rD*g0yf)/ aomufa&cg; (a';vk;d ) jrpf jrpf
(Thaukyayka (Day Loh) River ) (xef;wyif+rdK@e,f/ yJc;l wkid ;f )
,if;a&umwmtm; Ekid if Hwuma&tm;v#ypf pfprD Hude;f wpfct k jzpf Changjiang Institute of
Surveying, Planning & Design Research rS 4if;.0yfq' kd fay:wGif az:jy+yD;/ ,if;pDru
H ed f;ukd
33
Asia World Co. ukr%
` ED Sihf yl;aygi;f aqmufvyk cf Jhonf?
30
‘华中电网公司经贸代表团赴缅甸进行工作访问 (CCPGC Team Visits Burma).’ CCPGC Website, 7
December 2006. http://202.110.186.75:8080/pub/huazhong/gjjldt/t20061207_10006.htm
31
‘怒江--萨尔温江哈吉水电站合作开发备忘录签字仪式在京举行(MoU Signing Ceremony for the Nu-
Salween River Hatgyi Hydropower Project).’ 承包劳务频道:中国对外承包工程商会, 27 June 2006.
http://chinca.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/tpxw/200606/20060602530559.html
32
‘EGAT Signs Deal with Sinohydro to Develop 600 MW Hydro Project in Myanmar.’ Global Power
Report, 20 July 2006; & ‘泰国产电机构总裁访问中国水电集团 (President of Thai EGAT Visits
Sinohydro).’ Sinohydro Website, 11 March 2008.
5380001
33
‘立足长江走向世界—枢纽处坝工一室发展纪实 (Building from the Changjiang, Moving Toward the
Global Dam Sector).’ Changjiang Institute of Surveying, Planning & Design Research Website, 30 January
2008. http://www.cjwsjy.com.cn/News/Company/200801304996.htm
31
aomufa&uwf trSwf 2 - Thaukyegat 2 (120 rD*g0yf)/ aomufa&cg; (a';vk;d ) jrpf
arv 2008 rS azaz:0g&Dv 2009 txd a&vGJajrmif;aqmufvyk fa&;vkyif ef; axmufy&Hh ef
twGuf The Dali Sub-bureau of Sinohydro’s 14 Engineering Bureau rS Asia World Co.
ukr%
` ED iS hf oabmwlvufrw h nf? 34
S af &;xk;d cJo
rauG;wkid ;f
bl;&Gm (60 rD*g0yf) rGe;f acsmif; (bl;&Gm/ apwkw&W m+rd m+rdK@e,f - Sidoktaya Township)
2004 ckEpS w f iG f jrpftxufyikd ;f rGe;f acsmif;a&umwmrS 13 rdik cf ef@&Sd tar&duefa':vm 20
rDv,D Hwefonfhf TpDrHude;f twGuf Guangdong New Technology Import Export Zhuhai Co.
ukr%` rD S jrefrmhpu kd yf sKd;a&;ESihf a&ajrmif;0ef}uD;XmeESihf vufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonf?35
aus;tH;k aus;0
aus;0 - Kyeeon Kyeewa (75 rD*g0yf) rGe;f acsmif; (yGijfh zL+rdK@e,f)
2006 ckEpS w
f iG f Guangdong New Technology Import Export Zhuhai Co. ukr% ` rD S jrefrmhprG ;f tif
0ef}uD;XmeESihf aus;tH;k aus;0a&tm;v#ypf pfprD u H ed ;f aqmufvyk fa&;twGuf Oa&my ,l&adk iG 13
36
rDv,D Htm; oabmwlvufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonf? ,if;pDru
H ed f;onf rGe;f acsmif;a&tm;v#ypf pf
puf&t Hk wGuf jyKvkyfonfh jzpfEikd af jcavhvmcsut f m; tm;usapcJhonf?37
rGe;f acsmif; (75 rD*g0yf)/ rGe;f acsmif; (apwkw&W m+rdK@e,f)

ukr`%o D nf ,if;pDru
China International Trust & Investment Co. (CITIC) Technology Co. H ed f;
udk China EXIM Bank axmufyHhonfh tar&duefa':vm 32 rDvD,EH iS fhtwl aqmufvyk cf Jh
onf?38 rGe;f acsmif;a&tm;v#ypf pfpuf&.
kH t"dua&umwmtm; 2004 ckESp/f 'DZifbmv
34
‘缅甸Thaukyegat(2)水电站导流隧洞工程施工 (Thaukyegat II Hydropower Plant Diversion Tunnel
Project Construction).’ Dali Sub-Bureau of Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau Website, 28 April 2008.
35
Maung Aung Myoe. 2007. ‘Sino-Myanmar Economic Relations Since 1988.’ Working Paper Series No.
86, Asia Research Insittute, National University of Singapore.
http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs2/MmEcoRelations.pdf; & ‘Information Sheet: No. D-3570(1).’
Myanmar Information Committee, Yangon, 20 January 2005. http://www.myanmar-
information.net/infosheet/2006/060130.htm
36
‘緬甸Kyeeon Kyeewa水电站项目签约 (Agreement Signed for Burma Kyeeon Kyeewa Hydropower
Plant Project).’ Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China Department of Asian Affairs
Website, 28 December 2006.
http://big5.mofcom.gov.cn/gate/big5/yzs.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/zcfb/200612/20061204166259.html
37
Platts. 2007. Platts Myanmar Country Energy Profile. [Thanks to Courier Research Associates for
providing this document.]
38
‘China-Contracted Myanmar Hydropower Plant Put into Service.’ Xinhua News Agency, 18 June 2006.
32
uwnf;u pwifc+Jh yD;/ 4if;onf tjrSihf 60 rDwm/ t&Snf 1317 rDwm&SI
d pkduyf sKd ;a&;ajr{u
39
aygi;f 108000 ukd vHak vmufpmG jzef@a0ay;Ekid rf nfjzpfonf?
Sinohydro’s 1st Engineering Bureau rS pGr;f tm;xkwv

f iG pfh ufwyfqif&eftwGuf w&kwf
,Graf iG 34 rDvD,H axmufy+Hh yD;/ 2000 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif Sinohydro rS ,if;a&tm;v#ypf pf
puf&x Hk ed f;odrf;a&;twGuf oabmwlvufrSwaf &;xkd;cJo h nf?40 2004 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif 72
em&D=umonfh yxrt}udrf pufprf;owfru _ kd atmifjrif+yD;/ 2005 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif
pwifIvkyif ef;vnfywfEikd frnf[k cef@reS ;f cJhonf?41
rEWav;wkid ;f
"mwfawmf*ikd ;f - (Dattawgyaing) (ausmufqnf+rdK@e,f)

,if;pDru H ed ;f udpt
P wGuf 2006 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif Yunnan Machinery & Equipment
Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr% ` DrS Guilin, Guangxi wGif jrefrmhppftpk;d & uk,
d pf m;vS,f
42
tzGJ@EiS fh awG@qpHk um;ajymcJoh nf? 2007 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif ,if;pDru H ed ;f twGuf ypPnf;
ud&,
d mrsm; axmufy&Hh ef YMEC rS jrefrmhprG ;f tif0ef}uD;Xme trSwf (1) ESifh oabmwl
vufrSwaf &;xk;d cJo h nf?43
eefcsKd (40 rD*g0yf)/ eefcsKd acsmif; (ysi;f rem;+rdK@e,f)

,if;pDru H ed ;f udpt P wGuf 2006 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif YMEC ukr% ` rD S Guilin, Guangxi wGif
44
jrefrmhppftpk;d & uk, d pf m;vS,t
f zGJ@EiS fh awG@qHpk um;ajymcJo
h nf? 2008 ckEpS /f {+yDvwGif
YMEC ukr% ` ED iS hf Kunming Electric Machinery Co. (KEM) ukr% ` wD kd@rS ,if;pDru
H ed ;f twGuf
39
‘Government to Generate 2,000 more Megawatts during 5 Year Plan Thanks to Mone Creek
Multipurpose Dam, Dry Pwintbyu Plain can Now Increase Irrigated Areas.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 30
December 2004. http://burmalibrary.org/docs2/NLM2004-12-30.pdf [Thanks to Courier Research
Associates for providing this link.]
40
‘缅甸德畔赛及孟和水电站 (Burma’s Thapanseik & Mone River Hydropower Plants).’ Sinohydro
Website. http://www.sinohydro.com/portlet?pm_pl_id=7&pm_pp_id=29&COLUMNID=11509592350001
41
‘缅甸孟河电站首台机组投入运行 (First Generator at Burma’s Mone Hydropower Plant Operational).’
Sinohydro Website, 27 December 2004.
4380001
42
‘Prime Minister General Soe Win & Party Visit Guilin.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 6 November 2006.
http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/06nlm/n061106.htm
43
‘Minister for Electric Power No 1 Receives President of YMEC.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 30
November 2007. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/07nlm/n071130.htm [Thanks to Courier
Research Associates for providing this link.]
44
33
rD*g0yf 20 tm;&Sd pGrf;tm;ay;puf 2 ckEiS hf vkt
d yfonfh pufry_ pPnf;rsm;axmufy&Hh ef oabmwl
45
vufrSwf a&;xk;d cJhonf?
aygi;f avmif; (280 rD*g0yf) (ysi;f rem;+rdK@e,f)

1998 ckEpS w f iG f Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr% ` rD S
46
TpDru H ed ;f twGuf oabmwlvufrw S f a&;xk;d cJo
h nf? YMEC .az:jycsut f & tjrSihf 131
rDwm/ t&Snf 945 rDwm&So d nfh aygi;f avmif;pDrHude;f tm; w&kwftpk;d &rS tar&duefa':vm
170 rDv, D ef axmufycHh +Jh yD;/ CHECC Kunming Hydroelectric Investigation Design &
Research Institute ESihf Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau wkd@rS aqmufvy k af &;vkyif ef;
47
twGuf axmufycHh Jhonf?
Ningbo Huyong Electric Power Material Co. ukr%

` rD S aygi;f avmif;pDrHued ;f twGuf jrefrmh
pGr;f tifpuf&H0k ef}uD;Xme.oabmwlncD sujf zifh 230 uDv0kd yftm;&Sd pGr;f tifvGJajymif;r_ v#ypf pf
f kd aqmufvyk cf Jhonf?48
}udK;wkid u
Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau rS 2002 ESihf 2004 ckEpS fwiG f a&tm;v#ypf pfpuf&Hk
twGuf pGr;f tifu&d d,mESihf pufypPn;f rsm;wyfqifa&; urf;vrf;csufudk &,lvufccH +Jh yD;/ 2004
ckEpS f ESpu
f ek yf ikd ;f Y rD*g0yf 70 tm;&Sd pGr;f tifpuf&Hk 4 ckteuf/ 3 ckrmS vkyif ef;vS,yf wfae+yD;
jzpfonf?49 w&kwfurk % ` DrS aiGa=u;t&axmufyHhonfh TpDru H ed f;tm; vuf&Sdvkyif ef;vS,yf wf
50
ae+yDjzpfonf?
45
缅甸南雀水电站主机设备制造合同正式签订 (Burma Nancho Hydropower Plant Primary Equipment
Agreement Signed)’ YMEC Website. http://www.ymec.com.cn/cn/news/news_19.htm
46
‘我国在东南亚承建的最大水电站将开始全面发电 (China’s Largest Dam in Southeast Asia Begins
Producing Electricity).’ Sinohydro Website, 24 February 2005.
47
‘Brief Introduction of Paunglaung HPP.’ YMEC Website.
http://www.ymec.com.cn/en/hpp/project_pl.htm; & Platts. 2007. Platts Myanmar Country Energy Profile.
[Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this document.]
48
‘About Huyong.’ Ningbo Huyong Electric Power Material Co. Website. http://www.hydl-
cn.com/en/aboutus.htm [Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this link.]
49
‘
经受住考察无愧于祖国 (Put to the Test, the Paunglaung Hydropower Plant Shines for the
Motherland).’ Sinohydro 14th Engineering Bureau Website, 20 May 2005.
http://www.fcbmis.com/sd_nm/2005/5-20/164412.html
50
‘缅甸最大水电站首台机组成功运行发电 (First Generator at Burma’s Largest Hydropower Plant
Successfully Becomes Operational).’ Sinohydro Website, 4 August 2004.
7000061; & ‘我国在东南亚承建的最大水电站将开始全面发电 (China’s Largest Dam in Southeast Asia
Begins Producing Electricity).’ Sinohydro Website, 24 February 2005.
34
txufaygi;f avmif; (rD*g0yf 140)
Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr% ` rD S
aygi;f avmif;a&umwmtxufyikd f; uDvrdk w D m 24 tuGmcef@wiG f rD*g0yf 70 tm;&Sd pGr;f tif
puf&Hk 2 ckudk axmufyH&h ef jrefrmhppftpk;d &ESihf tar&duefa': 80 rDv,
D H oabmwlvufrw S f
51
a&;xkd;cJo
h nf?
0wf0ef-Watwon (0 '\
'\r 5 rD*g0yf) (jyifO;D vGi+f rdK@e,f)
Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr% ` rD S ,if;pDru
H ed f;udk
jyefvnfjyKjyifa&;twGufaxmufy&Hh ef 2007 ckEpS f/ Ek0d ifbmvwGif jrefrmhpGr;f tif0ef}uD;Xme
trSwf (1) ESifh oabmwlvufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonf?52 ,if;a&tm;v#ypf pfpuf&t Hk m; 1930
53
ckEpS w
f iG f wyfqifcJhonfph rG f;tm;puf ESpv
f ;Hk &So
d nf?
a&0 (790 rD*g0yf)/ jrSpif ,facsmif; (ausmufqnf+rdK@e,f)

2004 ckEpS w f iG f China International Trust & Investment Co. (CITIC) Technology Co.
ukr%` ED iS hf Sinohydro International wkd@rS zufpyfxm;onfh yl;aygi;f aqmif&Guaf &;tzGJ@wpfcrk S
jrefrmhv#ypf pfprG ;f tif0ef}uD;XmeESihf tar&duefa':vm 126 rDv, D Hwefz;kd &Sd aqmufvyk fa&;
54
oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrSwaf &;xk;d cJhonf? ,if;pmcsKyftm; 197 '\r 5 rD*g0yftm;&Sd
v#ypf pfprG ;f tm;xkwfviG pfh uf 4 vH;k / v#ypf pfvGJajymif;ud&,d mESihf pufypPnf;ud&d,mrsm;yg0if+yD;/
China EXIM Bank rS aiGa=u;rsm; axmufy& h nf?55 2006 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmv
Hh ef urf;vrf;cJo
wGif CITIC Technology Co. ukr% ` rD S oHxnfjzifah qmufvyk rf nfah &tm;v#yfppf xkyv f yk fa&;
56
ta=umif;tm;aqG;aEG;&ef jrefrm0ef}uD;csKyfp;kd 0if;ESihf awG@qckH hJonf?
51
‘Myanmar Signs US$ 80 Million Hydropower Deal with China’s Yunnan Machinery.’ Xinhua
Financial, 5 September 2005.
52
53
‘General Maung Aye Inspects Construction of Nanmyint Tower in National Kandawgyi Gardens in
PyinOoLwin.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 4 September 2002.
http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/02nlm/n020904.htm#1_
54
‘Chinese Companies to Build Burmese Hydropower Projects.’ BBC World Monitoring, 2 September
2005.
55
‘集团公司最大机电设备成套出口合同--缅甸耶瓦水电站机电及金结合同签署 (Sinohydro Signs its
Largest Machinery & Generator Export Contract for Burma’s Yeywa Project).’ Sinohydro Website, 17
December 2004.
4260025
56
35
` rD S 2006 ckEpS w f iG f vaygi;f 46 v=umonfh ,if;
a&umwm t"duaqmufvyk af &;vkyif ef;rsm;twGuf tar&duefa':vm 46320000 oabm
wlpmcsKyf vufrw h nf?57 aqmufvyk fa&;vkyif ef;tqifh 1/ 2/ 3/ 4 ESihf tqifh 8 rSm
S af &;xk;d cJo
+yD;pD;cJ+h yD;/58 2006 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmvwGif rDwm 500 &Snf uGefu&pfydk@aqmifonfb h D;wkid ftm;
59
wyfqif+yD;I vkyif ef;rsm;pwifvS,yf wfEikd cf o Jh nf? 2007 ckEpS /f {+yDvtwGi;f Y a&umwm
b,fzufjcrf;wGif tjrifh 124 '\r 4 rDwm/ nmbufjcrf;tjrifh 109 '\r 4 rDwm
jrifwh if&ef vdktyfonfu h G euf &pfrsm;tm; 40 &mcdik fEe_ ;f avmif;+yD;cJ+h yD;jzpfonf?60 2007 ckEpS f/
'DZifbmvwGif a&vGaJ jrmif; 1 ESifh 2 tm;aqmufvyk +f yD;pD;cJI h uGeu f &pfa&vGrJ nfh taqmuf
61
tOD;ESifh tzGit fh ydwaf jruGut f m;ajrom;zd@k +yD;pD;cJyh gonf? ,if;aqmufvyk fa&;vkyif ef;tm;
2008 ESp/f 'DZifbmvwGif t+yD;owfaqmufvyk &f ef owfrSwx f m;onft h csed fxuf ESpfw0uf
cef@apmI +yD;pD;rnfjzpfa=umif; CGGC xkwaf 0onft h pD&ifcpH mrS az:jyonf?62 2007 ckEpS f
twGi;f wGif China EXIM Bank rS udk,pf m;vS,rf sm;ESi/fh 2008 ESpt f wGif;wGif63 qGZD mvefEikd if H
COLENCO Power Engineering Co. ukr% ` . D ukd,fpm;vS,rf sm; vma&mufppfaq;cJah =umif;
64
vnf; TtpD&ifcpH mrS az:jyonf?
57
‘缅甸耶涯电站碾压混凝土大坝开仓浇筑 (Roller-compacted Concrete Pouring Begins at Burma’s
Yeywa Hydropower Plant).’ CGGC Website, 6 June 2006. http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=449
58
‘缅甸耶涯项目完成一期砼浇筑任务 (Phase I Concrete Pouring at Yeywa Project Completed).’ CGGC
Website, 6 June 2006. http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=445; ‘缅甸耶洼项目部开展立功劳动竞赛
(Yeywa Project Bureau Launch Labor Competition).’ CGGC Website, 10 October 2006.
http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=711; & ‘缅甸耶洼项目部举行5&7期碾压砼施工提前完工庆典
(Celebration for the Early Completion of Yeywa Project Phases V & VII).’ CGGC Website, 16 February
2007. http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=745.
59
‘缅甸耶洼水电站供料线贵通运行 (Burma’s Yeywa Hydropower Plant Concrete Supply Line is
Functional).’ CGGC Website, 5 December 2006. http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=726
60
‘缅甸耶洼大坝RCC浇筑突破百万立方米 (CGGC Yeywa Project Dept. Hit 1 million m3 RCC).’
CGGC Website, 18 April 2007. http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=782
61
‘Senior General Than Shwe Inspects Myogyi Multi-purpose Dam Project, Yeywa Hydropower Project.’
The New Light of Myanmar, 13 December 2007.
http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/07nlm/n071213.htm [Thanks to Courier Research Associates
for providing this link.]
62
‘缅甸耶洼项目部：碾压混泥土月浇筑创新高 (图) (Burma Yeywa Project Bureau: New Innovations
in RCC Pouring).’ CGGC Website, 16 October 2007. http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=881; & Vice
President of China Exim Bank Visited Yeywa HPP in Myanmar, CGGC Website, 27 March 2008.
http://www.gzbgj.com/english/article.asp?id=841
63
‘中国进出口银行副行长李郡考察缅甸耶涯水电站 (China EXIM Bank Inspects Yeywa Hydropower
Plant).’ CGGC Website, 28 February 2008.
http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=993&tab=znews&word=缅甸
64
‘缅甸水电一部部长赞CGGC最有实力 (Burma’s Ministry of Electric Power 1 Praises CGGC).’ CGGC
Website, 18 September 2006. http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=689; & ‘缅甸总理梭温视察耶涯工程
(Burmese Prime Minister Soe Win Inspects the Yeywa Hydropower Project).’ CGGC Website, 27
September 2006. http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=705
36
2004 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif China National Electric Equipment Co. (CNEEC) ukr% ` rD S
a&0pDruH ed ;f twGuf a&umwm0ifayguaf qmufvyk f&ef jrefrmppftpk;d &ESifh MoU oabmwl
pmcsKyf vufrw S af &;xkd;cJhonf?65 2006 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif CNEEC ukr`%rD S pufypPnf;
ud&,d maxmufyaHh &;udprP sm;aqG;aEG;&ef jrefrmhppftpk;d &ukd,pf m;vS,Ef iS hf Guilin, Guangxi
wGif awG@qHck Jhonf?66
Sinohydro’s 1st Engineering Bureau rS ypPn;f ud&, d mESihf oHxnftaqmuftOD;rsm;

wyfqif&ef 2004 ckEpS /f arvwGif China National Electric Equipment Co. (CNEEC)
ukr%
` ED iS hf oabmwlvufrw h nf?67 2006 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif Sinohydro ESihf
S f a&;xkd;cJo
jrefrmhppftpk;d &ukd,pf m;vS,t f zGJ@w@dk rS pGrf;tifxw
k fvyk &f efvnfywfrnfh (wmydik )f pufrsm;ESifh
v#ypf pf"mwftm;xkwv f iG fhpufrsm; ykd@aqmifa&;udpP aqG;aEG;cJhonf?68
Hunan Savoo Oversea Water & Electric Engineering Co. ukr`%rD S HSS1 twGuf
69
avvHqGJonft
h csed w
f iG f &,lco
Jh nf?
a&0a&tm;v#ypf pfpuf&rHk S v#ypf pfprG ;f tm;jzef@jzL;a&;wGif yg0ifywfoufonfh

Beijing Electric
Power Construction Research Institute of State Grid Corporation of China, Central
China Power Grid Co. ukr%
` D/ China National Heavy Machinery Co. (CHMC) ukr% ` ED iS hf
China Power Grid Co. ukr%` wD dk@EiS hf pyfvsO;f ta=umif;t&mrsm;od&vdS ykd gu
a&0v#ypf pfprG ;f tm;puf&cHk GJ wGif =unf&h &_ ef?
65
2005
66
67
‘中国水电一局九分局注重国际建筑市场开发 (Sinohydro 1st Engineering Bureau, 9th Branch’s
International Market Developments).’ Sinohydro Website, 17 January 2007.
http://www.sinohydro.com/portlet?pm_pl_id=7&pm_pp_id=13&ARTICLEID=11471537840078&COLU
MNID=11424148920001&CHCOLUMNID=11443003710001&GSCOLUMNID=-1
68
69
‘公司简介 (Brief Introduction).’ Hunan Savoo Oversea Water & Electric Engineering Co. Website.
http://www.hhpdi.com/hhpdi/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=113 [Thanks to Burma Relief Center for providing
this link.]
37
yJc;l wkid ;f
uaygi;f - Kapaung (30 rD*g0yf) (awmifi+l rdK@e,f)

2006 ckEpS /f pufwifbmvwGif uaygi;f a&umwmaqmufvyk af &;wGif yg0if&ef China National
Heavy Machinery Co. (CHMC) ukr% ` Dtm; jrefrmhv#ypf pfprG ;f tif0ef}uD;XmerS zdwaf c:cJh
onf? aqmufvyk af &;y%mrtqifhtm; 2007 ckEpS /f {+yDvwGif +yD;pD;cJ+h yD;/71 2007 ckEpS /f
70
Zlvikd fv wGif tar&duefa':vm 55 '\r 64 rDv, D Hwefz;dk &Sd use&f Sdonfh aqmufvyk fa&;
ypPn;f tm; vH;k tm; w&kwjf ynfrS jrefrmEkid if Ho@dk ykd@aqmifcJah =umif; (CHMC) ukr% ` rD S
az:jycJo h nf? 4if;tm; 2007 ckEpS /f atmufwkdbmvwGif pGrf;tm;xkwv f kyaf &;puf&Hk pwif
72
vnfywfEidk &f ef arsmrf eS ;f cJhonf? 2007 ckEpS /f pufwifbmvwGif aqmufvkyaf &;vkeif ef; 86
&mckid Ef e_ ;f +yD;pD;cJ+h yD;/73 2008 ckEpS /f rwfv a&avmifwrHziG yhf t
JG cef;tem;Y (CHMC) ukr% ` rD S
74
ynm&Sirf sm; wufa&mufcJh onf? a&tm;v#ypf pfpuf&o Hk nf vuf&v dS yk if ef;vnfywfae+yDjzpf
75
onf?
TpDru H ed ;f twGuf v#ypf pfEiS hf pufr_qikd &f mypPn;f ud&,

d mrsm; jzef@a0ay;&ef 2006 ckEpS f/
Ek0d ifbmvwGif China National Electric Equipment Co. (CNEEC) ukr% ` rD S jrefrmppftpk;d &
76
uk, d pf m;vS,t f zGJ@EiS hf awG@qHak qG;aEG;cJhonf? 2008 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif (CNEEC) ukr% ` rD S
77
ynm&Sirf sm;tm; a&avmifwrHziG yfh t JG cef;tem;ukd wufa&mufcJhonf?
70
‘陆文俊总经理赴缅甸参加在建水电站项目进度协调会 (CHMC General Manager Visits Burma for
Hydropower Plant Meeting).’ CHMC Website, 26 September 2006.
http://www.chmc2003.net/news.do?cmd=show&id=1553
71
‘“CHMC No Problem” – 缅甸KABAUNG水电站建设现场纪实 (CHMC Construction at Burma’s
Kabaung Hydropower Plant).’ CHMC Website, 30 April 2007.
72
73
‘Ongoing Hydropower Projects to be Completed on Schedule.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 28
September 2007. http://burmalibrary.org/docs4/NLM2007-09-28.pdf
74
‘Khabaung Reservoir Opened in Ottwin Township on Completion of Projects.’ The New Light of
Myanmar, 23 March 2008. http://www.myanmar.com/newspaper/nlm/
75
‘缅甸Kabaung水电站成功发电 (Kabaung Dam Generates Electricity).’ China National Heavy
Machinery Co. Website, 27 March 2008. http://www.chmc2003.net/news.do?cmd=show&id=1904
76
77
‘Khabaung Reservoir Opened in Ottwin Township On Completion of Projects, Bago Division to be
Region on which State can Rely in Agricultural & Electric Sectors.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 23 March
2008. http://www.myanmar.com/newspaper/nlm/
38
Hunan Savoo Oversea Water & Electric Engineering Co. ukr%
` rD S oHxnfypPn;f rsm;udk
78
yHyh ;kd cJo
h nf?
cGe;f - Kun (cGe;f acsmif; - Kunchaung) (60 rD*g0yf)/ ppfawmif;jrpf (jzL;+rdK@e,f)

rD*g0yf 20 tm;&Sd pGr;f tifxw k fviG phf uf 3 ckEiS fh oHxnftaqmuftOD;twGuf 2004 ckEpS f/
rwfv 24 &ufae@wiG f China National Heavy Machinery Co. (CHMC) ukr% ` rD S jrefrmh
79
v#ypf pfprG ;f tif0ef}uD;XmeESihf oabmwlvufrw S f a&;xkd;cJo h nf? 2004 ckEpS /f arvwGif
(CHMC) ukr% ` rD S rD*g0yf 22 tm;&Sd pGr;f tifxkwv f iG phf uf 3 ck axmufy&Hh ef Tianjin
80
ALSTROM ESihf oabmwl vufrSwa f &;xk;d cJ+h yD;/ Guangxi Electric Power Industry
Investigation Design & Research Institute ESiv fh nf; 'Dqkid ;f twGuf oabmwlpmcsKyf
81
vufrSwaf &;xk;d cJo h nf? cGe;f a&tm;v#ypf pfprG ;f tif puf&o Hk nf 2008 ckEpS f/ 'DZifbmvwGif
vkyif ef;vnfywfEikd &f ef aqmufvyk af &;+yD;ajrmufoif+h yD jzpfa=umifh CHMC tpD&ifcpH mwGif
t}uHay;xm;onf?82
Sinohydro’s 1st Engineering Bureau rS oHxnftaqmuftOD;aqmufvy k fa&;twGuf China

National Electric Equipment Co. (CNEEC) ukr`%E D iS hf w&kw,
f rG af iG 12 rDv, D H oabmpm
83
csKyf csKyfqckd Jhonf? 2006 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmvwGif Sinoydro’s 1 Engineering Bureau rS
st
aqmufvyk fa&; ypPnf;ESihf wyfqifa&;twGuf China National Heavy Machinery Co.

(CHMC) ukr`%E D iS hf w&kw,
f rG faiG 26 '\r 66 rDv, D H oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrSwaf &;xkd;
h nf?84
cJo
78
http://www.hhpdi.com/hhpdi/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=113 [Thanks to Burma Relief Center for providing
this link.]
79
‘缅甸KUN水电站项目签约 (Burma’s Kun Hydropower Plant Project Agreement Signed).’ CHMC
Website, 10 May 2004. http://www.chmc2003.net/news.do?cmd=show&id=1053
80
‘ALSTOM Wins 2 Hydro Contracts in China.’ ALSTOM Brazil Website.
http://www.alstom.com.br/Ingles/Noticias_Detalhes.asp?noticia=307&Idioma=8
81
‘缅甸KUN水电站项目顺利执行 (Burma’s Kun Hydropower Plant Project Smoothly Executed).’ CHMC
Website, 29 June 2004. http://www.chmc2003.net/news.do?cmd=show&id=1071
82
83
84
Ibid.
39
China CAMC (Construction & Agricultural Machinery Import & Export Corporation)
Engineering Co. ukr% f iG f jzpfEidk af jcavhvmr_ukd jyKvky+f yD;pD;cJhonf?85
` rD S 1990 ckEpS w
ausmuf
Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau rS ,if;pDru H de;f tm; Ekid if HwumpDrHued ;f tjzpf az:jycJ+h yD;/
aqmufvyk fa&;vkyif ef;wGif 4if;rS yHyh ;dk ulnrD &_ cdS hJonf[k ,lq&onf? rnfokd@qkdap ,if;pDru H ed ;f
86
ESifh qufpyfonfh owif;tcsut f vuf ta=umif;t&mrsm; &Si;f &Si;f vif;vif;r&Scd aJh cs?
ausmufe*g; (75 rD*g0yf)/ a&$usiaf csmif; (a&$usi+f rdK@e,f)

2007 ckEpS /f pufwifbmvwGif China Gezhouba Group Co. (CGGC) ukr% ` rD S pufypPn;f
wyfqifa&;ESihf v#ypf pfprG f;tm;xkwfviG ahf &; ud&, d mwefqmyvmrsm;axmufy&Hh ef jrefrmppf
tpk;d &ESihf oabmwlvufrSwf a&;xk;d cJah =umif; CGGC tpD&ifcpH mwGif az:jycJhonf?87
jzL; (20 rD*g0yf)/ jzL;acs

jzL;acsmif; (jzL;+rdK@e,f)
2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v D wGif China Gezhouba Group Co. (CGGC) ukr% ` DrS a&tm;v#ypf pf
qkid &f mpufypPn;f ESppf EHk iS hf v#ypf pfEiS hf pufypPn;f ud&d,mrsm;ukd 21 vpmtwGuf axmufy&Hh ef
twGuf oabmwlvufrSwaf &;xk;d cJhonf?88
aomufa&uwf (150 rD*g0yf)/ aomufa&c (a';vk;d ) jrpf

u&ifjynfe,f (150 rD*g0yf&)Sd aomufa&uwfwiG f &_&ef
&JE,
G f (25 rD*g0yf)/ &JE,
G af csmif; (ausmufwcH g;+rdK@e,f)
Hunan Savoo Oversea Water & Electric Engineering Co. ukr%
` rD S 2007 Zefe0g&v D wGif
zGiv
fh if&h efppD Ofonfh Tpuf&.
Hk aqmufvyk fa&;ukad xmufychH J+h yD;/ w&kwEf ikd if rH S wifykd@a&muf&Sv
d m
85
‘Myanmar Snap Trade Directory.’ Myanmar Snap. http://www.myanmarsnap.com/investment07.asp
[Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this link.]
86
87
‘缅甸水津电站机电设备设计与供货合同签订 (Burma Shwegyin Hydropower Plant Contract
Signed).’ CGGC Website, 11 September 2007. http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=879
88
‘Contract Signing of the Design & Supply of Electrical, Mechanical Equipments For Phyu Hydropower
Project In Myanmar.’ CGGC Website. http://www.gzbgj.com/english_n/news08.htm
40
h m;onf?89 t&Snf 1050 ay/ tjrSihf 251 ay&So
rnfh wmykid pf ufrsm;ukad pmihaf eI pkid f;iHx d nfh
90
Ta&umwmtm; 2007 ckEpS /f azaz:0g&v D wGif pwifziG v
fh ifch Jhonf?
2006 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif China National Electric Equipment Co. (CNEEC) ukr% ` rD S
TpDru H ed ;f twGuf v#ypf pfEiS hf pufypPnf;rsm;axmufyrHh nfu
h pd PaqG;aEG;&ef jrefrmhppftpk;d &
91
uk,
d pf m;vS,Ef iS ahf wG@qcHk Jhonf?
2006 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif China International Trust & Investment Co. (CITIC)
Technology Co. ukr`%r D S a&vGwyf ku
d af cgi;f (Penstock) ESifh a&vGJw;l ajrmif;ESifh pyfvsO;f onfh
hJ nf?92
udprP sm;aqG;aEG;&ef jrefrm0ef}uD;csKyfp;dk 0if;ESifh awG@qkHco
aZmif;wl - Zaungtu (20 rD*g0yf)/ yJc;l jrpftxufyikd ;f (wku

d }f uD;&Gm/ yJc;l +rdK@e,f)
1994 ckEpS w f iG f Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. ukr% ` rD S TpDrHued ;f
93
ukd pwifc+Jh yD;/ 2000 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif 45 rDwmjrifo
h nfh Ta&wmum pwifziG fhvifch o Jh nf?94
ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f
ozef;qdwf (30 rD*g0yf)/ rljrpf (ozef;qdw&f mG / u|e;f vS+rdK@e,f)

Sinohydro’s 1st Engineering Bureau rS 2002 ckEp S /f arvwGif +yD;pD;cJhonfh TpDru H ed ;f twGuf
aqmufvyk fa&;vkyif ef;ESihf pGr;f tifypPnf;wyfqifa&;ukd yHyh ;dk ulncD +hJ yD;/ w&kwf,rG af iG 14 '\r
88 rDv,
D &H Sd jyKjyifxed ;f odrf;a&;oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrw S af &;xk;d cJo h nf?95
89
http://www.hhpdi.com/hhpdi/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=113 [Thanks to Burma Relief Center for
providing this link.]; & ‘Power Plant to be Ready in September.’ Myanmar Times, 6 November 2006.
90
‘Prime Minister General Soe Win Attends Inauguration of Yenwe Hydroelectric Power Station.’ The
New Light of Myanmar, 11 February 2007. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/07nlm/n070211.htm
91
92
Ibid.
93
‘Zaungtu Hydropower Station (Myanmar).’ YMEC Website.
http://www.ymec.com.cn/en/hpp/Project_zd.htm
94
‘Newly Built Zaungtu Dam & Hydel Power Plant in Bago Division Inaugurated.’ The New Light of
Myanmar, 23 March 2000. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/00nlm/n000323.htm#(4)
95
41
1998 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif China International Trust & Investment Co. (CITIC)
Technology Co. ukr`%r D S jrefrmhv#ypf pfprG ;f tif0ef}uD;XmeESifh MoU oabmwlvufrSwf
96
a&;xkd;cJh+yD;/ TpDruH ed f;tm; a&mif;csrnfh China EXIM Bank . axmufyrHh j_ zihf ukeu
f sp&dwf
97
tar&duefa': vm 20 rDv, D H ukeuf s co
hJ nf?
ZD;acsmif; - Zi Chaung (1'\(1'\r26 rD*g0yf)

` rD S
98
TpDru H ed ;f ukd aqmufvyk fcoJh nf?
&Sr;f jynfe,f
csi;f a&$a[mf - Chinshwehaw (0 '\ '\r 2 rD*g0yf)

` rD S
99
TpDru H ed ;f ukd aqmufvyk fco
Jh nf?
ude;f awmif; (54 rDr*D g0yf)/ erf;wdr;f acsmif; - Namtein Creek (rd;k eJ+rd
+rdK@e,f - Mone Township)
Hunan Savoo Oversea Water & Electric Engineering Co. ukr% ` DrS pGr;f tifpuf&Hk
twGufoHxnftaqmuftOD;rsm;tm; aqmufvyk fae+yD;/ 4if;tm; 2008 ckESp/f Zefe0g&v D wGif
100
86 &mckid Ef e_ ;f +yD;pD;I/ wESpftwGi;f wGif vkyif ef;vnfywfEikd rf nfh tvm;tvm&Sdonf?
2005 ckEpS /f ZGefvwGif

Zhejiang Orient Holding Group ESihf China National Electric
Equipment Co. (CNEEC) ukr`%w
D kd@rS zufpufxm;onfh yl;aygi;f aqmif&u
G af &;tzG@J wckrS 18
rD*g0yftm;&Sd wmykid pf ufoHk;pGr;f tm;xkwpf uf&Hk 3 cktwGuf tar&duefa':vm 11 '\r 5-
96
‘缅甸德畔赛及孟河水电站 (Burma’s Thapanseik & Mone River Hydropower Plants).’ Sinohydro
Website. http://www.sinohydro.com/portlet?pm_pl_id=7&pm_pp_id=29&COLUMNID=11509592350001
97
‘中国承包的缅甸德畔色水电站竣工 (Chinese Funded Thapanseik Hydropower Plant Completed).’
HWCC, 12 July 2002. http://www.hwcc.gov.cn/nsbd/NewsDisplay.asp?Id=40778; & Platts. 2007. Platts
Myanmar Country Energy Profile. [Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this document.]
98
99
Ibid.
100
http://www.hhpdi.com/hhpdi/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=113 [Thanks to Burma Relief Center for
providing this link]; & ‘Minister Goes on Inspection Tour of Kengtawng Hydropower Project.’ The New
Light of Myanmar, 18 January 2008. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/08nlm/n080118.htm
42
15 rDv, D wH efzk;d &Sd aqmufvyk fa&;ypPnf;ESifh v#ypf pfu&d ,
d mrsm;udk oabmwlvufrw
S f a&;xkd;
101
cJo
h nf?
2005 ckEpS /f ZGefvwGif China National Electric Equipment Co. (CNEEC) ukr% ` rD S jrefrmh
v#ypf pfprG ;f tif0ef}uD;XmeESihf oHowWKvkyif ef;twGuf aemufxyfoabmwl vufrSwaf &;xk;d cJh
onf?102 2006 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif (CNEEC) ukr`%rD S TpDrHued ;f twGuf pufry_ pPnf;rsm;
axmufy&Hh ef jrefrmhppftpk;d &uk, d pf m;rsm;ESihf awG@qHck Jhonf?103
ude;f awmif;a&tm;v#ypf pfpuf&w Hk iG f zhejiang Orient Holding Group. yg0ifywfoufrr_ sm;

ukd ykrd o
kd &d v
Sd ykd gu ude;f awmif;v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f (Kengtawng Transmission Line)odk@=unf&h _
&ef/
uGe[
f ed ;f (0 '\
'\r 15 rD*g0yf)
` rD S
104
TpDruH ed ;f ukd aqmufvyk fco
Jh nf?
uGev
f Hk (0 '\'\r 5 rD*g0yf)
` rD S
105
TpDruH ed ;f ukd aqmufvyk fco
Jh nf?
ude;f awmif; (0 '\r 32 / 0 '\ '\r 48 rD*g0yf)

` rD S
106
Jh nf?
101
‘Hydro-electric Power Department, Chinese Consortium Ink Two Agreements.’ The New Light of
Myanmar, 17 June 2005. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/05nlm/n050617.htm#Hydro-
electric%20Power%20Department,%20Chinese%20consortium%20ink%20two%20agreements; & Platts.
2007. Platts Myanmar Country Energy Profile. [Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this
document.]
102
‘Hydro-electric Power Department, Chinese Consortium Ink Two Agreements.’ The New Light of
Myanmar, 17 June 2005. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/05nlm/n050617.htm#Hydro-
electric%20Power%20
Department,%20Chinese%20consortium%20ink%20two%20agreements [Thanks to Courier Research
103
‘Prime Minister General Soe Win & Party Visit Guilin.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 6 November
2006. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/06nlm/n061106.htm
104
105
Ibid.
106
Ibid.
43
ausmufrJ (4 rD*g0yf)
1992 ckEpS wf iG f Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr%
` rD S
107
TpDru
H ed ;f ukd aqmufvyk fco
Jh nf?
rJyef (1 '\
'\r 26 rD*g0yf) (rkid ;f qwf+rdK@e,f)
108
TpDru H ed ;f ukd aqmufvyk fc+Jh yD;/ 2002 ckEpS /f arvwGif zGiyhf t
GJ cef;tem; usi;f ycJhonf?
erf;arsm - Nam Myaw (4 rD*g0yf)

` rD S
109
Jh nf?
erf[
h yk f - Nam Wop (3 rD*g0yf) usKd if;wH;wH+k rdK@e,f
1992 ckEpS cf ef@wiG f Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC)
ukr%` rD S TpDru H ed f;ukd aqmufvyk cf hJonf?110
a&$v-D 1 (600 rD*g0yf)/ a&$vjD rpf (ref

(refwuf&mG / erfch rf;+rdK@e,f)
Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr%
` DrS 2004 ckEpS /f
azaz:0g&v
D wGif vkyif ef;pwifcaJh omfvnf;/ jrefrmhppftpk;d &. aiGa=u;rvHkavmufra_ =umifh
2005 ckEpS /f Zlvikd fvwGif vkyif ef;rsm;&yfwef@chJonf?111 2006 ckEpS f =o*kwv
f Y YMEC ukr% ` D
onf Yunnan Huaneng Lancang River Hydropower Development Co. ukr% ` ED iS hf Yunnan
Power Grid Co. ukr% ` Dwkd@EiS hf yl;aygi;f I Yunnan Joint Power Development Co. (YUPD)
107
108
Ibid; &‘Regional Development Projects Inspected in Shan State (East).’ New Light of Myanmar, 15
May 2002. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/02nlm/n020516.htm#(%203%20 [Thanks to
Courier Research Associates for providing this link.]
109
110
Ibid.
111
‘激战瑞丽江——水电十四局瑞丽江电站截流施工纪实 (Shweli River Fierce Battle-Shweli Dam
14th Bureau Damming Construction).’ Sinohydro Website, 26 February 2007.
7890001 For extensive photographs of construction at the Shweli I Dam see ‘瑞丽江项目部图库 (Shweli
River Project Bureau Photographs).’ Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau Dali Sub-bureau Website, 29
June 2007. http://www.fcbdl.com/bencandy.php?fid=61&id=394
44
qko d nfhurk % ` Dukd xlaxmifco Jh nf?112 2006 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmvwGif YUPD ukr`%ED iS hf jrefrmh
v#ypf pfprG ;f tif0ef}uD;XmetrSwf (1) wkd@ yl;aygi;f I Shweli River I Power Station Co. ukr% ` D
udx k laxmifcI Jh a&umwmukd Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) pDru H ed f;tjzpf ajymif;vJvukd f
113
+yD;/ rD*g0yf 400 &Sd pGr;f tm;ukd rD*g0yf 600 txdwkd;jrSiv fh kduo
f nf? 2007 ckEpS /f arvY
pDru H ed ;f w0ufcef@+yD;pD;+yD; 4if;rSxGu&f o
Sd nfph rG f;tm;rSm rEWav;+rdK@udk axmufyHhay;rnfjzpf
114
onf?
Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau ESihf Dali Sub-bureau wkd@rS 2006 ckEpS /f ZGev
f wGif
aqmufvyk fa&;vkyif ef;pwifI/ 2006 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmvwGif a&vGaJ jrmif;udk aqmufvyk +f yD;pD;+yD;
a&$vjD rpfudkvnf; ydwq f dk@cJhonf?115 2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&DvwGif Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering
Bureau rS aqmufvy k fa&;vkyif ef;ESifh oHxnftaqmufttHktm; avvHwifa&mif;csru _ dk 0,f
116
,lcoJh nf? 2007 ckEpS /f Zlvikd v f wGif Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau rS 2009 ckEpS f/
ZGev
f 30 &ufae@wiG f aemufqH;k t+yD;owfaqmufvyk &f ef aqmufvyk af &;oabmwlncD sufukd
vufrSwaf &;xk;d cJ+h yD;/117 2008 ckEpS /f =o*kwfvwGif yxrOD;qH;k v#ypf pfprG ;f tm;xkwfviG pfh ufudk
prf;owfcJo h nf?118
112
‘中国在缅甸投资的首个水电项目成功截流 (China’s First Hydropower Investment in Burma
Successfully Dammed).’ China Electricity Council, 13 December 2006.
http://www.cec.org.cn/news/showc.asp?id=92488
113
‘瑞丽江电站胜利实现截流 (Shweli River Hydropower Station Triumphantly Blocks Water).’ Dali
Sub-bureau of Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau Website, 11 December 2006.
114
2007.
115
‘集团公司水电十四局承建的缅甸瑞丽江水电站成功截流 (图) (14th Bureau Succeed in Damming
the Ruili River).’ Sinohydro Website, 15 December 2006.
http://www.sinohydro.com/english/portlet?pm_pl_id=7&pm_pp_id=13&COLUMNID=111111&ARTICLEID=116703
69310001
116
‘我局中标缅甸瑞丽江一级水电站厂房枢纽土建及金属结构安装工程 (Sinohydro 14th Engineering
Bureau Secures Shweli I Bid).’ Sinohydro 14th Engineering Bureau Website, 12 January 2007.
http://www.fcbmis.com/sd_nm/2007/1-12/151512.html
117
‘缅甸瑞丽江一级电站工程总承建包合同在昆签字 (Contracts Signed in Kunming for Burma’s
Shweli I Dam).’ Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau Website, 5 July 2007.
http://www.fcbmis.com/news/jnyw/2007/75/0775101710K58IHJ2120G3BDAJ06D1.html
118
‘瑞丽江电站首台机组调试正式启动 (Shweli Dam First Hydroturbine Generator Testing).’ Dali Sub-
Bureau of Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau Website, 24 August 2008.
45
2007 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif CHECC Kunming Hydroelectric Investigation, Design & Research
Institute rS Yunnan Joint Power Development Co. ukr%
` ED iS t
hf wl a&$vaD &umwmY pufypPn;f
119
ud&,d m. ta&tawG;rsm;ukd vma&mufppfap;cJhonf?
2006 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmvwGif Changjiang Institute of Surveying, Planning & Design

Research rS a&vGJajrmif;ESihf a&umwmuefabmifudktwGuf aqmufvy k af &; wm0ef,lvyk u
f kid f
120
cJo
h nf?
a&$vD (1) a&tm;v#ypf pfpuf&w Hk iG f Central China Power Grid International Economic &
Trade Co. ukr% ` /D China Southern Power Grid Co. ukr% ` /D Ningbo Huyong Electric
Power Material Co. ukr% ` D Sichuan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co.
ukr% ` ED iS hf Yunnan Electric Power Design Institutewkd@.yg0ifywfoufrr_ sm;tm;
ykrd o
kd &d v
Sd ygkdygu a&$vD (1) pGr;f tifpuf&EHk iS hf v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f (&Sr;f jynfe,f) wGi=f unh&f y_ g&ef?
a&$v-D 2 (460 rD*g0yf)/ a&$vjD rpf

` DrS TpDru
H ed ;f wGif
121
yg0ifywfoufcJhonf?
a&$v-D 3 (360 rD*g0yf)/ a&$vjD rpf

` DrS TpDru
H ed ;f wGif
122
yg0ifywfoufcJhonf?
wmqef; (7100 rD*g0yf)/ oHviG jf rpf

2007 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif China Gezhouba Group Co. (CGGC) ukr% ` rD S txl 8 rDwm/ t&Snf
1200 rDwm&So d nfh a&vGaJ jrmif; ESpcf tk m; aqmufvky&f ef Tasang Hydropower Co. ukr% ` ED iS hf
123
MoU oabmwlvufrSwa f &;xk;d cJhonf? 2007 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif CGGC ukr% ` rD S
wmqef; a&umwmpDrHude;f . 51 &mckid Ef e_ f;udk ykid fqikd cf +Jh yD;/ xkid ;f MDX rS 24 &mckid Ef e_ ;f ESihf
119
‘瑞丽江电站厂房基坑开挖通过质量验收 (Shweli Hydropower Project Machinery Undergoes Quality
Assessment).’ Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau Website,10 March 2007.
120
‘缅甸瑞丽江水电站导流洞进出口围堰爆破圆满成功 (Shweli River Hydropower Plant Diversion
Tunnel & Cofferdam Complete).’ Changjiang Institute of Surveying, Planning & Design Research Website,
13 December 2006. http://www.cjwsjy.com.cn/News/specialnews/200612133157.htm
121
122
Ibid.
123
‘缅甸市场开发再传捷报 (News of Victory from Burmese Market Developments).’ CGGC Website, 16
March 2007. http://www.gzbgj.com/article.asp?id=749
46
Burma’s Department of Hydropower Implementation rS 25 &mckid Ef e_ ;f toD;oD;ykid fqikd cf Jh
124
onf? 2008 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v D wGif trnfrodw&kwfurk %
` Dwpfcrk S wmqef;a&umwmwnf
&S&d m oHviG jf rpfurf;ESpzf ufv;Hk Y 17 ayrS-ay 30 t&Sn&f Sd wkid t
f vH;k aygi;f 60 vma&muf cs
125
xm;cJhonf? 2007 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif aqmufvyk af &;zGiyfh t GJ cef;tem;usi;f ycJ+h yD;/126 2007 ck
ESp/f {+yDvwGif aqmufvyk fa&;vkyif ef; pwifcJhonf? okd@aomfjim;vnf; owif;XmetcsKd @rS ,if;
aqmufvyk fa&; vkyif ef;tm; tcsed t f uef@towfr&Sd &yfwef@xm;a=umif; az:jycJ=h u onf?127
txufov H iG f (2400 rD*g0yf) oHviG jf rpf

2007 ckEpS /f {+yDvwGif txufov H iG pf rD u
H ed f;ukd tjrefq;kH taumiftxnfaz:vkyfaqmif&ef
Akv
d cf sKyfrLS ;}uD;oef;a&$ wdkuw f eG f;cJoh nf? 2007 ckESpf arvwGif w&kwyf nm&Sit f zGJ@rS pDru
H ed f;
twGuf jzpfEikd af jcavhvmcsuf jyKvkycf +hJ yD;/ 4if;tm; 2008 ckEpS w f iG f +yD;pD;rnf[k cef@reS ;f cJh
128
onf? uke;f =urf;ESifh uGefvHk (Konekyan and Kunlon) +rdK@=um;&Sd a&umwmESpcf kaqmufvyk I f
txufov H iG pf rD uH ed f;udk wk;d cJs@aqmufvyk &f ef qH;k jzwfcsurf sm;r&Sad o;acs? rlvoabmwlnD
csurf mS aqmufvyk rf nfh a&umwm.ta&twGufrsm; az:jyxm;jcif;r&Sdonfru yg0ifywf
oufonfh ukr% ` rD sm;rS rdrw d kd@. vkyaf qmifrnft h csurf sm;ukv
d nf; az:jyxm;jcif; r&dS
129
ao;ay?
2006 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmvwGif Yunnan Power Grid Co. ukr% ` ED iS hf CHECC Mid-South Design
& Research Institute wkd@rS oHvi
G jf rpftxufyikd f; {&d,m uDvrkd w D m 147 cef@ ppfwrf;aumuf
130
,lrj_ yKvkycf Jhonf?
124
‘Chinese Firm takes 51pc of Tasang Hydropower Project.’ The Myanmar Times, 19 November 2007.
http://www.mmtimes.com/no393/b004.htm [Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this link.]
125
‘Chinese Dam Builders Set Up 60 Pillars for Tasang Dam.’ Shan Herald Agency for News, 16 January
2008. http://www.shanland.org/environment/2008/chinese-dam-builders-set-up-60-pillars-for-tasang-dam/
126
‘Tar-hsan Hydropower Project Construction Begins.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 5 April 2007.
127
‘Myanmar Pushes Ahead Thanlwin Hydro Projects.’ International Water Power & Dam Construction,
17 April 2007. http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/story.asp?sectioncode=130&storyCode=2043576;
‘Mystery Decision Puts Burma Dams on Hold.’ Bangkok Post, 12 February 2008; & ‘Samak Green Lights
the Salween Hydro-dam.’ The Irrawaddy, 8 March 2008.
http://www.bangkokpost.com/breaking_news/breakingnews.php?id=125863
128
‘Lt-Gen Kyaw Win Attends Cultivation of 300 Acres of Physic Nut in Hsenwi Station.’ The New Light
of Myanmar, 20 May 2007. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/07nlm/n070520.htm
129
‘China Eyes Second Dam on Thanlwin.’ The Myanmar Times, 14 May 2007.
http://mmtimes.com/no366/b005.htm
130
‘联合踏勘团顺利完成缅甸萨尔温江上游踏勘任务 (Survey Group Completes On-site Upper Salween
River Survey).’ Yunnan Power Grid Co. Website, 28 December 2006.
http://www.yndw.com/showinfo.asp?id=37407
47
2007 ckEpS f {+yDvwGif Hanergy Holding Group (formerly China Farsighted Investment
Group) rS jrefrmhppftpkd;&ESihf MoU oabmwlnc h nf?131
D suf vufrSwaf &;xkd;cJo
2007 ckEpS /f {+yDv 5 &ufae@wiG f China Gold Water Resources Co. ukr%
` rD S jrefrmhppftpk;d &
132
ESihf MoU oabmwlncD suf vufrSwaf &;xkd;cJo h nf?
China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group Co. (CHECC) ukr% ` /D CHECC

Kunming Hydroelectric Investigation Design & Research Institute (KHIDI) ukr% ` ED iS hf
China Hanergy Holding Group (rlv China Farsighted Investment Group) ukr% ` wD dk@
w&kwef ,fpyf Qingshuihe Port rS 25 uDvrkd Dwmcef@&Sd oHviG jf rpfay:wGif cGevf akH &umwm
twGuf jzpfEikd af jcudprP sm;aqG;aEG;&ef 2008 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif yDuif;+rdK@awmfwiG f awG@qcHk Jh
onf?133 2007 ckEpS /f pufwifbmvwGif KHIDI ukr`%rD S jrefrmhv#ypf pfprG ;f tm;0ef}uD;XmeESihf
tar&duefa':vm 5270000 udk oabmwlvufrSwf a&;xkd;cJah =umif; The Department of
Commerce of Yunnan Province rS tpD&ifca H z:jycJhonf?134
2008 ckEpS /f {+yDvwGif Sinohydro ukr% ` D/ China Southern Power Grid Co. ukr% ` ED iS hf China
Three Gorges Project Co. ukr% ` Dwdk@rS Sinohydro ukr%` XD mecsKyfY oHviG jf rpfa&tm;v#ypf pf
aqmufvyk fa&;vkyif ef;twGuf AsL[majrmufy;l aygi;f vkyaf qmifa&;abmifoabmwl nDcsuu f dk
135
oabmwlvufrSwaf &;xk;d cJo h nf?
aZmf*sD (1) (18 rD*g0yf)/ aZmf*sjD rpf (&yfapmuf+rdK@e,f)

1992 ckEpS wf iG f Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr% ` rD S
136
run-of-the-river pDrHue d ;f ukd vkyaf qmifcJhonf? 2007 ckEpS f Ek0d ifbmvwGif YMEC ukr%` D
131
‘Myanmar Commits to Building more Hydropower Plants.’ People’s Daily, 7 May 2007.
http://english.people.com.cn/200705/07/eng20070507_372570.html
132
‘Myanmar Commits to Building more Hydropower Plants.’ People’s Daily, 7 May 2007.
http://english.people.com.cn/200705/07/eng20070507_372570.html
133
‘缅甸滚弄水电站可研阶段工程勘察设计技术大纲咨询会议在北京召开 (Feasibility Meeting for
Burma’s Kunlong Dam Held in Beijing).’ CHECC Website, 11 March 2008.
http://www.checc.cn/news/news.jsp?type=100&new_id=7254&target=
134
‘2007年1－9月云南省外经业务统计 (Yunnan Province Overseas Operation Statistics January –
September 2007).’ Department of Commerce of Yunnan Province Website, 22 October 2007.
http://www.bofcom.gov.cn/bofcom/433477000347254784/20071022/167375.html
135
‘缅甸萨尔温江战略合作框架协议签署 (Salween River Strategic Cooperation Framework Agreement
Signed).’ 金融界, 28 April 2008. http://info.jrj.com.cn/news/2008-04-28/000003585891.html
136
48
ud,
k pf m;vS,rf S jrefrmhv#ypf pfprG ;f tm;0ef}uD;XmeESihf ypPn;f ud&d,maxmufyHha&; pmcsKyfukd
oabmwlvufrSwf a&;xkd;cJo h nf?137
Sinohydro’s 14th Engineering Bureau rS aqmufvky+f yD;pD;+yDjzpfonfh TpDru H de;f ukd Ekid if Hwum
H ed ;f tjzpf az:jyI/ 4if;rS aqmufvyk af &;vkyif ef;Y ulnyD yhH dk;onf[k ,lqonf?138
pDru
aZmf*sD (2) (12 rD*g0yf)/ aZmf*sjD rpf

139
a&umwmwHcg;ESifh a&vGwyf u kd facgi;f tm; wnfaqmufco Jh nf? xdk@enf;wl rwfv 2000
ckEpS w
f iG f pwifvnfywfaeonfah &umwm. taqmufttHrk sm;/ a&ppf/ a&vGJ a&ydwf
k ftm; ydrk cdk idk af tmifjyKvkyjf cif;wdk@udk aqmufavmuf+yD;pD;cJyh gonf?140
ajrmif;ESifh a&oGif;ydu
1997 ckEpS /f Zlvkid v
f ESihf 1998 ckEpS f atmufwb
dk mv=um;wGif
China Shanghai Corporation
for Foreign Economic & Technological Co-operation (SFECO) rS 6 '\r 4 rD*g0yftm;&Sd
pGr;f tm;xkwfviG pfh uf ESpfv;Hk ESihf vkt d mrsm;udk axmufychH hJonf?141
d yfonfyh pPn;f ud&,
pGr;f tifpuf&EHk iS hf v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f
bD;vif;-rdwv Îd m-
m-awmifwiG ;f }uD;-rH&k mG
2006 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmvwGif Central China Power Grid Co. ukr% ` rD S 340 uDvrkd Dwm
&Snvf sm;onfh 230 uDvkd0yftm;&Sd v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f 2 ck/ 230 uDv0kd yftm;&Sd pGr;f tifvGaJ jymif;
puf&t Hk opf (8) ckEiS hf wnf&+Sd yD;aom 230 uDvk0d yftm;&Sd pGrf;tifpuf&u Hk kd wk;d csJ@&eftwGuf
jrefrmha&tm;v#ypf pf0ef}uD;XmeESifh tar&duefa':vm 58 '\r 4 rDv, D w H efz;kd &Sd oabmwl
137
138
139
‘Zawgyi Hydropower Station (Myanmar).’ YMEC Website.
http://www.ymec.com.cn/en/hpp/Project_zj.htm
140
‘Government Endeavouring for Sufficient Power Supply Zawgyi Hydel Power Station Launched.’ The
New Light of Myanmar, 17 March 2000.
http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/00nlm/n000317.htm#(2) [Thanks to Courier Research
141
‘Overseas Contracted Engineering: Project List.’ SFECO Website.
http://www.sfeco.net.cn/e/trade/list.asp; & ‘Government Endeavouring for Sufficient Power Supply
Zawgyi Hydel Power Station Launched.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 17 March 2000.
http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/00nlm/n000317.htm#(2) [Thanks to Courier Research
49
h nf?142 aqmufvyk af &;vkyif ef;tm; 2004 ckEpS /f Zlvidk v
pmcsKyfudk vufrSwaf &;xkd;cJo f wGif
143
pwifco Jh nf?
bD;vif;pGr;f tifpuf&Hk (ausmufqnf+rdK@e,f/ rEWav;wkid ;f )

2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&vD wGif Central China Power Grid International Economic & Trade Co.
ukr% ` rD S bD;vif;+rdK@e,f&Sd pGr;f tifpuf&t
kH wGuf ypPn;f ud&,
d maxmufy&Hh ef jrefrmhv#ypf pf
144
pGr;f tm;0ef}uD;XmeESihf oabmwlvufrSwaf &;xkd;cJo h nf?
ude;f awmif; - Kengtawng v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f (&Sr;f jynfe,f)
2005 ckEpS w f iG f Zhejiang Orient Holding Group tzGJ@rS v#ypf pfypPn;f ESihf 132 uDv0dk yftm;
v#ypf pf"mwf}udK;axmufyHh&ef jrefrmhv#ypf pfprG ;f tm;0ef}uD;Xmevufatmuf&Sd a&tm;v#ypf pf
pGr;f tifu¾ESihf tar&duefa':vm 4 '\r 56 rDv, D H oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xkd;cJo h nf?145
v#ypf pfr;D tm;rsm;udk v_id fvif/ cif;av;/ awmif;}uD;ESihf Ekid if Hawmfw0ef;vH;k v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f
uGe, f uf ponfwkd@udk axmufyrHh nfjzpfonf?146
rkid ;f qefprG ;f tifpuf&Hk - Mongsan Substation (&Sr;f jynfe,f)
2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v D wGif Central China Power Grid International Economic & Trade Co.
ukr% ` rD S rdik ;f qef+rdK@e,f&Sd pGr;f tifpuf&Ht
k wGuf ud&d,mrsm;axmufy&Hh ef jrefrmhv#ypf pfprG ;f tm;
0ef}uD;XmeESihf oabmwlvufrSwaf &;xk;d cJo h nf?147
ajrmif;wcg;-v_id w f cg;-
cg;-a&=unf (Myaungdagar-Hlaingthagar-Yekyi)
2004 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif Central China Power Grid International Economic & Trade Co.
ukr%` rD S 230 uDv0kd yftm;&Sd ajrmif;wcg;pGr;f tifvaJG jymif;puf&Hkudk wd;k csJ@&ef/ 230 uDv0kd yftm;
&Sd v_id fwcg;pGr;f tifvaGJ jymif;puf&Hkaqmufvyk &f ef/ 230 uDv0dk yfprG f;tm;&Sd a&=unfprG ;f tif
142
‘谢明亮率华中电网公司经贸代表团访问缅甸双方签署缅甸泊宁等三个输变电工程项目合同
(CCPGC Visits Burma & Signs Contracts for Transformation Substations & Transmission).’ CCPGC
Website, 5 January 2007. http://intl.ccpg.com.cn/pub/huazhong/tpxw/wsjl/t20070105_10381.htm
143
‘缅甸总理梭温率团访问华中电网有限公司 (Burmese Prime Minister Soe Win Visits CCPGC).’
CCPGC Website, 7 November 2006. ttp://202.110.186.75:8080/pub/huazhong/gjjldt/t20061107_9698.htm
144
‘China, Myanmar Ink Contract on Purchase of Electrical Goods.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 4
January 2007 http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/07nlm/n070104.htm; & Platts. 2007. Platts
145
‘Hydro-electric Power Department Inks Contract to Purchase Chinese Electrical Equipment.’ Myanmar
Information Committee Yangon Information Sheet, 23 August 2005. http://www.myanmar-
information.net/infosheet/2005/050823.htm [Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this
link.]
146
Ibid.
147
‘China, Myanmar Ink Contract on Purchase of Electrical Goods.’ The New Light of Myanmar, January
4, 2007 http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/07nlm/n070104.htm; & Platts. 2007. Platts Myanmar
Country Energy Profile. [Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this document.]
50
vGaJ jymi;puf&aHk qmufvyk f&efEiS hf 230 uDv0dk yftm;&Sd v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f 2 ckaqmufvyk &f ef (160
uDv0kd yftm;wpfcEk iS fh 40 uDv0kd yftm;wpfc)k oabmwlvufrSwaf &;xkd;cJo h nf? 4if;twGuf
aqmufvyk fa&;ud&, d m. 90 &mckid Ef e_ ;f tm; w&kwEf dkiif rH S wifykd@rnfjzpfonf?148
&efuek /f '*Hpk rG ;f tifpuf&Hk (&efuek w f idk ;f )
1993 ckEpS wf iG f Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC) ukr%
` rD S
149
6800 uDv0kd yftm;&Sd TpDru H ed ;f ukd pwifaqmufvyk fco
hJ nf?
&efuek -f a&=unf (&efuek w f ikd ;f )
2004 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif Central China Power Grid Co. (CCPGC) ukr% ` ED iS hf 4if;.ukr%` cD GJ
jzpfonfh Central China Power Grid International Economic & Trade Co. ukr% ` w
D kd@rS
jrefrmhppftpd;k &ESihf 230 uDv0kd yftm;&Sd pGrf;tifvaGJ jymif;puf&EkH iS hf 230 uDvkd0yftm;&Sd v#ypf pf
}udK;vkid ;f aqmufvyk &f ef tar&duefa':vm 16 '\r 1 rDvD,H oabmwlvufrw S f a&;xk;d cJh
150
onf?
a&$vD (1) pGr;f tifpuf&EHk iS hf v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f (&Sr;f jynfe,f)
2007 ckEpS w f iG f a&$vDa'o&Sd pGr;f tifpuf&t Hk wGuf ypPn;f ud&, d mrsm;axmufy&hH ef Central
China Power China Power Grid International Economic & Trade Co. ukr% ` rD S jrefrmh
151
v#ypf pfprG ;f tm;0ef}uD;XmeESihf oabmwlvufrw S af &;xk;d cJhonf?
2007 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif Yunnan Electric Power Design Institute rS eD,eG f (Niyou) jrpfa&tm;
v#ypf pfprD u
H ed ;f jzihf a&$vD (1) a'oESifh csw d fqufrnfh 220 uDv0kd yfprG ;f tm;&Sd v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f
twGuf jzpfEikd af jcavhvmcsuu f dk jyKvky+f yD;pD;cJah =umif; China Southern Power Grid Co.
ukr%
` rD S tpD&ifccH o Jh nf? ,if;eD,eG jf rpftm; w&kwEf ikd if /H ,leefjynfe,frS *si&f mS jrpf (Jinsha
152
River) . jrpfvufoufwpfcjk zpfonf?
148
‘华中电力国际经贸公司积极拓展缅甸市场 - 缅甸M.H.Y.230KV输电线路及变电站项目签约
(CCPGC Enthusiastically Opens Burma Markets – Burma’s M.H.Y. 230 kV Transmission Line &
Substation Projects Signed).’ CCPGC Website, 20 July 2004.
http://202.110.186.75:8080/pub/huazhong/swgc/t20041208_0721.htm ; &
‘华中电力国贸公司承建缅甸MHY项目进展顺利 (CCGC’s MHY Project Makes Progress).’ CCPGC
Website, 2 November 2006. http://202.110.186.75:8080/pub/huazhong/tpxw/gcjz/t20061102_10239.htm
149
150
‘华电国贸公司积极拓展缅甸市场 (CCPGC Enthusiastically Opens Burmese Market).’ CCPGC
Website, 8 December 2004. http://202.110.186.75:8080/pub/huazhong/gjjldt/t20041208_0697.htm
151
152
‘瑞丽江电站送出(缅甸侧)完成踏勘 (Shweli River Transmission Exploration Complete).’ China
Southern Power Grid Website, 19 March 2007.
http://www.csg.cn/news/compnewscon.aspx?id=10024&ItemCode=002007000000
51
2003 ckEpS w f iG f Sichuan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. ukr% ` rD S jrefrmh
v#ypf pfvyk if ef;XmeESijhf yKvkyxf m;onfh tar&duefa':vm 34 '\r 72 rDvD,H oabmwlnD
csujf zihf a&$vED iS hf rEWav;tm; csyd q f ufonfh 356 uDvrkd Dwmt&Sn/f 230 uDv0kd yfprG f;tm;&Sd
v#ypf pf}udK;vkid ;f ESpcf kukd aqmufvyk w h nf?153
f yfqifcJo
Ningbo Huyong Electric Power Material Co. ukr% ` rD S a&$vED iS hf &efuek fudk csyd q
f ufonfh
230-350 uDv0kd yfprG f;tm;&Sd pwD;v#ypf pf}udK;wkid frsm;twGuf aqmufvyk af &;vkyif ef;rsm;ukd
yHyh ;kd ulncD Jhonf?154
a&$pm&H pGr;f tifpuf&Hk (ausmufqnf+rdK@e,f/ rEWav;wkid ;f )
2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v D wGif China Power Grid International Economic & Trade Co.
ukr%` rD S a&$pm&HprG f;tifpuf&t
Hk wGuf ypPn;f ud&, d mrsm;axmufyH&h ef jrefrmhv#ypf pfprG ;f tm;
155
0ef}uD;XmeESihf oabmwlvufrSwaf &;xk;d cJoh nf?
a&0pGr;f tifpuf&Hk (rEWav;wkid ;f )

2006 'DZifbmvwGif Central China Power Grid Co. (CCPGC), ESifh Ministry of Electric Power,
wdk@.tpnf;ta0;wGif Chinese government export seller’s credit .aiGom; tar&duefa':vm
oef; 200 tm; Sino-Burmese joint venture construction rS rD;oG,yf dk@a&; puf&cHk EGJ iS fh uDv0kd yf
500 tm;&S"d gw}f udK; oG,w f ef;Edik &f eftwGuf t=urf;a&;qGJxm;onfh pmxJwiG f xnfhoiG ;f
156
a&;om;cJo h nf?
China National Heavy Machinery Co. (CHMC) ukr%` rD S uDvrkd Dwm 300 &Sno f nf/h
uDv0kd yf 320 pGr;f tm;&Sd v#ypf pf}udK;vdik ;f wyfqif&efEiS hf vaygi;f 20 =um pGr;f tifpuf&kH (3) ck
wnfaqmuf&eftwGuf w&kwt f pk;d &axmufyHah iG tar&duefa':vm 45 '\r 85 rDv, D H
157
toH;k jyK&ef oabmwlvufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonf? ,if;pDru H ed ;f tm; qGpfZmvef. COLENCO
153
‘Myanmar Installs More Transmission Lines for New Power Plant.’ Xinhua General News Service, 5
July 2007.
154
‘About Huyong.’ Ningbo Huyong Electric Power Material Co. Website. http://www.hydl-
cn.com/en/aboutus.htm [Thanks to Courier Research Associates for providing this link.]
155
156
‘谢明亮率华中电网公司经贸代表团访问缅甸—双方签署缅甸泊宁等三个输变电工程项目合同
(CCPGC Visit to Burma – Bilateral Agreements for Belin Substation & Transmission Projects Signed).’
CCPGC Website, 5 January 2007. http://202.110.186.75:8080/pub/huazhong/gjjldt/t20070105_10380.htm
157
2005; ‘热烈祝贺缅甸耶瓦水电站输变电项目合同签订 (Congratulations on the Signing of the Burma
Yeywa Hydropower Plant Contract).’ CHMC Website, 2 September 2005.
http://www.chmc2003.net/news.do?cmd=show&id=1264;
52
Power Engineering Co. ukr% ` rD S twdik yf ifcv H kyif ef;rsm;yHyh ;dk ulncD hJa=umif; 2006 ckEpS f
158
CHMC tpD&ifcp H mrS az:jycJo
h nf? 2007 ckEpS /f rwfvwGif CHMC rS jrefrmEkdiif o H kd@ aqmuf
159
vkyaf &;ypPn;f rsm; wefaygi;f 351 wef wify@dk c+Jh yD;/ 2007 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif CHMC rS
China Power Grid Co. ukr% ` ED iS hf Beijing Electric Power Construction Research Institute
of State Grid Corporation of China. wkd@Ei S yhf l;aygi;f I v#ypf pf}udK;wkid rf sm;ESifh v#ypf pf"mwftm;
vGaJ jymif;puf&Hk (8) cktm; pyf;oyfrr_ sm;jyKvkycf Jhonf?160
ae&ma'orsm; raz:jyEkid o
f nfh a&umwmrsm;
pGezf ;l (Songpu) (7 '\

'\r 5 rD*g0yf)
CHECC Kunming Hydroelectric Investigation, Design and Research Institute rS 1997
ckEpS /f arvESihf 1999 ckEpS /f {+yDv=um;wGif aqmufvyk cf o Jh nfh tjrSifh rDwm 50 &So
d nfh Ta&
tm;v#ypf pfprD u H ed ;f tm; 4if;. 0yfqudk 'f af y:wGif az:jycJhonf? okd@aomfvnf; vkt d yfonfh
161
owif;tcsut f vuf tao;pdwrf sm; az:jyxm;jcif;r&Sad y?
‘Piaoliang’ (400 rD*g0yf)

` rD S oHxnftaqmufttH/k v#yfppfprG ;f tm;
xkwfviG rfh y_ pPn;f ud&,
d mESihf uDv0kd yf 230 tm;&Sd v#yfppf"mwftm;}udK;vkid ;f rsm;twGuf jrefrmh
v#ypf pfprG ;f tm;0ef}uD;Xme trSwf (1) ESihf 2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v
D wGif 21 vpm oabmwl
162
vufrSwf a&;xd;k cJhonf?
‘缅甸YEYWA水电站输变电工程项目计划顺利折行中 (Burma’s Yeywa Hydropower Plant Plans

Proceeding Smoothly).’ CHMC Website, 30 November 2006.
http://www.chmc2003.net/news.do?cmd=show&id=1594; & ‘缅甸YEYWA输，变电项目正式启动执行
(Burma Yeywa Distribution & Transformation Substation Begins Formal Implementation).’ CHMC
Website, 6 April 2006. http://www.chmc2003.net/news.do?cmd=show&id=1436
158
‘缅甸YEYWA输，变电项目正式启动执行 (Burma Yeywa Distribution & Transformation Substation
Begins Formal Implementation).’ CHMC Website, 6 April 2006.
159
‘缅甸YEYWA输变电项目第一批发货任务圆满完成 (Burma’s Yeywa Substation Project Begins
Wholesale Production).’ CHMC Website, 5 April 2007.
160
‘缅甸YEYWA输变电铁塔真型实验完成 (Burma Yeywa Transmission & Transformation Tower Test
Complete).’ CHMC Website, 30 November 2007. http://www.chmc2003.net/news.do?cmd=show&id=1803
161
‘缅甸松普水电站 (Songpu Hydropower Station in Myanmar).’ KHIDI Website.
http://www.khidi.com:8083/ShowMess.asp?ArticleID=826
162
‘缅甸漂亮水电站设备供货项目 (Burma ‘Piaoliang’ Hydropower Plant Equipment Project.’ CGGC
Website, 25 July, 2008. http://www.cggc.cn/news_show.asp?type=&UidA=1006&UidB=1048&id=3682
53
&ckid jf ynf
PetroChina rS &cki
d jf ynfe,f urf;vGeaf 'orsm;wGif &SmazGa&;vkyif ef;rsm; jyKvkycf oJh nf?
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) .ukr% ` cD jGJ zpfonfh China Oilfield Services
Limited (COSL) rS a'0l;ukr`%y D ikd u
f u
G ftwGif; urf;vGe&f mS azGa&;vkyif ef;rsm;jyKvky&f ef
tar&duefa':vm 46 rDv, D H oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xkd;cJoh nf?163 obm0"mwfaiG@xkw, f rl _
164
rsm; pwifvyk u
f ikd fae+yD;jzpfa=umif; 2007 Zefe0g&v
D rSxu
G fonfh tpDcpH mwGif az:jycJo
h nf?
vkyu f uG tf rSwf (A-1) (urf (ur;f vGeaf 'o)

2005 ckEpS f ESpuf ek yf ikd ;f wGif China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) ESihf a[mifaumiftajc
pku
d f PetroChina ukr`%cD o GJ nf obm0"mwfaiG@rsm; 0,f,&l ef Myanma Oil & Gas
Enterprise ESihf MoU oabmwlvufrSwa h nf?165 ,if;oabmwlnrD _wGif CNPC rS
f &;xkd;cJo
tpk&, S ,f m 60 &mckid Ef e_ ;f ykid q f ikd +f yD;/ PetroChina rS 40 &mcdik Ef e_ ;f ykid q Jh nf?166
f kid cf o
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) .ukr% ` cD jGJ zpfonfh China Oilfield Services Limited
(COSL) rS urf;vGefobm0"mwfaiG@0efaqmifrv _ yk fief;rsm;twGuf 2005 ckESpw f iG f jrefrmhppf
tpk;d &ESifh oabmwlvufrSwaf &;xk;d cJ+h yD;/ xkid ;f Ekid if H PTT ukr% ` ED iS hf tdEN,
d Ekid if H ONGC Videsh
ukr%
` Dwkd@EiS t hf +ydKif xkwfvyk af &;&S,,
f mESpcf k ykid qf kdicf aJh =umif; China National Petroleum Co.
167
(CNPC) rS az:jycJo h nf? 4if;tm; NHII oabFmESihf obm0"mwfaiG@ xkw, f al &;vkyif ef;rsm;
axmufy&Hh ef &ufaygi;f 60 oufwrf;&So d nfh tar&duefa':vm 6 rDvD,H oabmwlpmcsKyf
wpfcu k dk a'0l;ukr`%ED iS hf 2005 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif vufrw S af &;xkd;cJah =umif; COSL rS
168
tpD&ifccH o Jh nf?
163
‘COSL Signs New Drilling Contracts in Myanmar & Australia.’ COSL Website, 24 November 2005.
http://210.77.145.59/servlet/Node?Node=35271&Language=0
164
‘Less than Expected Reserves in OVL’s IRNA.’ Iranian News Agency Distributed by UPI, 17 January
2007.
165
‘PetroChina Seeks Myanmar Gas Deal.’ Myanmar Times, 16 January 2006.
166
‘China Replaces India in Deal for Shwe Gas.’ Shwe Gas Bulletin Vol.1 Issue 9., December 2005.
http://burmalibrary.org/docs3/SGB01-09.pdf
167
‘中缅能源管道将进入建设阶段年输一千万吨石油 (Sino-Burmese Energy Pipelines Enter New
Phase).’ CNPC Website, 3 April 2007.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/CNPC/xwzx/hyxx/%e4%b8%ad%e7%bc%85%e8%83%bd%e6%ba%90%e7%ae%a1%
e9%81%93%e5%b0%86%e8%bf%9b%e5%85%a5%e5%bb%ba%e8%ae%be%e9%98%b6%e6%ae%b5%20%e
5%b9%b4%e8%be%93%e4%b8%80%e5%8d%83%e4%b8%87%e5%90%a8%e7%9f%b3%e6%b2%b9.htm
168
‘COSL Signs New Drilling Contracts in Myanmar & Australia.’ COSL Website, 23 November 2005.
http://www.iprogilvy.com/NewsReleaseFile/23-11-05.pdf
54
vkyu
f uG f A-3 (urf
(ur;f vGeaf 'o)
2005 ckEpS f ESpuf ek yf ikd f;wGif China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) ESihf a[mifaumif
tajcpkud f PetroChina ukr% ` cD GJonf obm0"mwfaiG@rsm; 0,f,&l ef Myanma Oil & Gas
Enterprise ESihf MoU oabmwlvufrSwa h nf?169 ,if;oabmwlnrD w
f &;xkd;cJo _ Gif CNPC rS
170
tpk&,S ,f m 60 &mckid Ef e_ ;f ykid qf ikd +f yD;/ PetroChina rS 40 &mcdik Ef e_ ;f ykid q
f kid cf o
Jh nf?
vkyu
f u
G f A-4 (urf
(ur;f vGeaf 'o)
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) Myanmar ukr%` D/ China Huanqiu Contracting &
Engineering Co. ukr% ` ED Sihf Golden Aaron Pte. ponfu h rk `%w D kd@rS yg0ifzGJ@pnf;xm;onfh Sino-
Singaporean Consortium wpfco k nf obm0"mwfaiG@&mS azGa&;twGuf jrefrmppftpk;d &ESihf
2004 ckEpS w f iG f xkwfvyk fa&;tpk&, S ,f moabmwlpmcsKyf vufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonf?171 2008
ckEpS /f azaz:0g&v D wGif 4if;wkd@.vkyfuu G ftrSwf C-1 ESihf A-4 wkd@tm; xkid ;f Ekid if H PTT rS 20 &mckid f
E_e;f ykid q
f ikd fxm;onfh M-3 ESihf M-4 vkyfuu G Ef iS hf vJvnS rf nfjzpfa=umif; CNOOC rS tpD&ifcH
172
cJo
h nf?
vkyu f u
G f AD-1 (urf
(ur;f vGeaf 'o/ a&wdryf ikd ;f / ysr;f r# rDwm 200)
2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v D wGif China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) International ESihf jrefrmh
pGr;f tif0ef}uD;Xmewkd@rS &SmazGa&;ESifh xkwfvyk af &; tpk&, S ,
f moabmwlcsKyf vufrSwaf &;xk;d cJh
onf? ,if;ae@tm; jrefrmEkid if t H ay: zdtm;ay;r_rsm;wk;d jrif&h ef urBmu h kvor*~v+kH cHKa&;
aumifprD S xkyjf yefrnhfxkwjf yefausnmcsufudk w&kwEf idk if yH ,fcs+yD; oH;k &ufajrmufonfah e@jzpf
onf?173 CNPC rS ,if;obm0"mwfaiG@vyk fuu G ftm; 100 &mckid Ef e_ ;f ykid fqikd +f yD; ppfwrf;
174
aumuf avhvmr_rsm;jyKvkyaf wmhrnfjzpfonf?
169
‘印竞逐缅甸天然气采购权 (China & India Compete for Burma Natural Gas Rights).’ China Land &
Resources News, 16 March 2007. http://www.clr.cn/front/chinaResource/read/news-info4.asp?ID=109029
170
‘China Replaces India in Deal for Shwe Gas.’ Shwe Gas Bulletin Vol.1 Issue 9., December 2005.
http://burmalibrary.org/docs3/SGB01-09.pdf
171
‘China Ups Myanmar Acreage.’ International Oil Daily, 17 December 2004.
172
‘Thailand PTTEP in Deal with CNOOC in Myanmar.’ Reuters, 13 February 2007.
http://www.reuters.com/article/rbssEnergyNews/idUSBKK2053820080213?rpc=401&
173
‘China Signs 3 Deals in Myanmar, Defying Western Pressure.’ International Oil Daily, 18 January
2007; & ‘CNPC Signs Oil & Gas Contracts with Myanmar.’ CNPC Website, 17 January 2007.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/eng/press/newsreleases/CNPCsignsoilandgascontractswithMyanmar.htm
174
Ibid.
55
China National Oil & Gas Exploration & Development Co. (CNODC) ukr`%r D S
,if;obm0"mwfaiG@vyk fuu
G &f mS azGa&;twGuf 2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v
D wGif Myanma Oil &
175
Gas Enterprise (MOGE) oabmwlvufrSwa f &;xk;d cJo
h nf?
vkyu f u
G f AD-6 (ur
(ur;f vGeaf 'o a&eufyikd ;f / ysr;f r# rDwm 2000)
177
aumufavhvmr_rsm;jyKvkyaf wmhrnfjzpfonf?
D wGif Myanma Oil &
178
h nf?
vkyu f u
G f (AD-8) (urf
(ur;f vGeaf 'o/ a&eufyikd ;f / ys
ysr;f r# rDwm 2000)
180
aumuf avhvmr_rsm;jyKvkyaf wmhrnfjzpfonf?
D wGif Myanma Oil &
181
h nf?
175
‘China Signs 3 Deals in Myanmar, Defying Western Pressure.’ International Oil Daily, 18 January
2007; & ‘CNPC Signs Oil & Gas Contracts with Myanmar.’ CNPC Website, 17 January 2007.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/eng/press/newsreleases/CNPCsignsoilandgascontractswithMyanmar.htm
176
Ibid.
177
Ibid.
178
Ibid.
179
Ibid.
180
Ibid.
181
Ibid.
56
vkuu
f u
G f L (uke;f wGi;f ykid ;f )
China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) Sichuan Petroleum Geophysical Prospecting Co.
ukr%
` Donf Tobm0"mwfaiG@vyk fuu G Yf uDvrdk w
D m 300 0ef;usit
f wGif; prf;wyfrj_ yKvky&f ef
182
tdE,Nd Ekid if H ESSAR rSavvH0,f,cl o
Jh nf?
vkyu f u G f M (uke;f wGi;f ykid ;f / ausmif;jzLa'o)

2005 ckEpS w f iG f China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) Sichuan Petroleum Geophysical
Prospecting Co. ukr% ` ED iS hf China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) ukr% ` Dwkd@rS &rf;AD;uGse;f Y
183
2D prf;wyfrr _ sm;jyKvkycf Jhonf? Tvkyu f Gurf S "mwfaiG@wiG f;ESpw f iG f;tm; bDvyfajravmif;
&ef/ prf;oyfwl;az:&efEiS fh "mwfaiG@t&nfxkw, f &l eftwGuf 2006 ckEpS f/ Zefe0g&v D wGif China
Oilfield Services Limited rS CNOOC Myanmar ESihf w&kw, f eG af iG rDv, D H 40 oabmwl
184
vufrSwaf &;xk;d cJo h nf? China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) Myanmar, China
Huanqiu Contracting & Engineering Co. ukr% ` ED Sihf Golden Aaron Pte. ponfhurk % ` Dwkd@rS
yg0ifzGJ@pnf;xm;onfh Sino-Singaporean Consortium onf 2004 ckEpS /f atmufwkdbmvwGif
Myanma Oil & Gas Enterprise ESihf ESpa f ygi;f 20 xkwfvyk af &;tpk&, S ,f m oabmwlpmcsKyf
185
vufrSwaf &;xk;d cJo h nf?
rEWav;wkid ;f
yk*pH rD u
H ed ;f (uke;f wGi;f ydik ;f )
Chinnery Assets onf China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) Hong Kong ESihf CNPC
International wkd@ tpk&, S , f mykid q f ikd rf _ oabmwlvufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonfh 2001 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmv
16 &ufae@wiG f xlaxmifco Jh nf? ,if;tpk&, S f,mtm; (CNPC) Hong Kong ESihf CNPC
186
International 50 &mcki d Ef e_ f;pD ykid fqidk =f uonf? xkad e@rSmjyif Chinnery Assets rS yk*pH rD u H ed f;Y
xkwfvyk af &;tpk&, S ,f moabmwlncD suf oH;k ckwiG f twkd; 70 &mckid Ef e_ f;&,l&ef Canada’s TG
World ESihf oabmwlvufrw S fa&;xd;k cJ+h yD;/ 4if;tm; tar&duefa':vm 900000 wefonfh
182
‘缅甸L区块, 勘探川军迈步越 (Burma’s L Block, Prospects Advance).’ CNPC Sichuan Petroleum
Geophysical Prospecting Co. Website, 19 July 2007. http://www.sgc-
prc.com/news_detail.aspx?id=489&cate_id=1
183
‘四川物探与中海油缅甸公司再度握手 (CNPC Sichuan Petroleum Geophysical Prospecting Co. &
CNOOC Cooperate Again in Burma).’ CNPC Sichuan Petroleum Geophysical Prospecting Co. Website, 1
December 2005. http://www.sgc-prc.com/news_detail.aspx?id=148&cate_id=1
184
‘COSL Secured New Overseas Well Service Contracts in Myanmar.’ COSL Website, 16 January 2006.
http://www.iprogilvy.com/NewsReleaseFile/16-01-06.pdf ; & ‘HK-Listed China Oilfield Wins CNY 40
Million Well Service Contracts in Myanmar.’ AFX News Limited, 17 January 2006.
185
‘China Ups Myanmar Acreage.’International Oil Daily, December 17, 2004.
186
CNPC Hong Kong 2002. CNPC Hong Kong 2001 Annual Report. Available at
http://www.cnpc.com.hk/report/2001cncp-e.pdf
57
vkufuu G f IOR-3, RSF-2 ESihf RSF-3 wGif yg0ifonf?187 Txkwfvyk af &;tpk&, S f,m oabm
wlncD suftwGuf pwif&if;ED;S jrKwfESrH r_ mS a[mifaumifa':vm 5070000 [k CNPC Hong
Kong . ESpy f wfvnftpD&ifcpH mwGif az:jyaomfvnf;/ &SmazGa&;vkyif ef;rsm; jyKvky+f yD;aemuf
obm0"mwfaiG@t&if;tjrpf enf;yg;a=umif;awG@&rSd _EiS hf ,if;vkyu f Gurf sm;twGi;f &SmazGa&;
vkyif ef;twGu&f if;ES;D jrKwfEcSH o
Jh nfh a[mifaumifa':vm 6355000 onfvnf; t&SKH ;ay:ae
ojzihf ukr`%rD S Tvkufuu G fukd pGef@vw
G &f efqHk;jzwfco
Jh nf[k 2007 ESpyf wfvnftpD&ifcpH mY
188
az:jycJo
h nf?
vkyu f u
G f IOR-3 (uke;f wGi;f ydik ;f / wufr-Tetma)
Chinnery Assets rS China National Oil & Gas Exploration & Development Co.
(CNODC).Alra d b'odyyH̀ nm&Srd sm;. seismic testing rSavhvmawG@&cSd suft& a&eH (1) '\r
(91) oef; bm&,f &SEd idk fonfh 481 puG, J m;uDvkdrw
D mtus,ft0ef;&Sd a&eHwiG ;f . 70 &mcdik f
E_e;f aom xkwv f yk af &;tpk&, S ,f m oabmwlpmcsKyftm; ydik fqidk fxm;ygonf?189 2007 ckEpS /f
ZGev f Y TvkyfuGuu f kd pGef@vwG &f ef CNPC Hong Kong ajyma&; qkcd iG &fh So
d .
l t}uHjyKcsut
f m;
190
aemufyikd f;xGu&f vSd monfh 2007 ESpyf wfvnf tpD&ifcpH mrS twnfjyKcJhonf?
vkyu
f u G f RSF-2 uke;f wGi;f ydik ;f / wl&ifawmif)
Chinnery Assets rS puG, J m;uDvrkd wD maygi;f 1050 a'otwGif; cef@reS ;f ajcokad vSmifr_
ukAaAaygi;f 216 '\r 6 rDv, D &H So
d nfh xkwfvyk af &;tpk&,
S f,moabmwlncD suf. 70
191
&mckid Ef e_ ;f udk ykid q
f kid cf o
Jh nf? 4if;.ta&twGuftm; China National Oil & Gas
187
‘CNPC/Parent Company Set Up JV Unit to Participate in Myanmar Oil Fields.’ AFX News, 18
November 2001. http://www.ituc-csi.org/spip.php?action=info_compburma&comp=318&lang=en; &
‘CNPC (Hong Kong) Limited Announcement of Results.’ CNPC Hong Kong Website, 22 April 2002.
http://www.cnpc.com.hk/report/report-20020422.pdf
188
http://www.cnpc.com.hk/report/report-20030419.pdf ; & CNPC Hong Kong 2008. CNPC Hong Kong 2007
Annual Report. Available at http://www.cnpc.com.hk/report/2007Annualreport(e).pdf
189
‘Shareholder’s Agreement with CNPC International Limited & Farmout Agreement & Joint Operating
Agreement with TG World Energy (Bahamas) Regarding & Oilfield & Exploration Areas in the Union of
Myanmar.’ CNPC Hong Kong Website, 16 November 2001. http://www.cnpc.com.hk/report/report-
20011116(e).pdf
190
‘CNPC Hong Kong Outlines Upstream Spending in SE Asia & Peru.’ International Oil Daily, 14 June
2007; & CNPC Hong Kong 2008. CNPC Hong Kong 2007 Annual Report. Available at
http://www.cnpc.com.hk/report/2007Annualreport(e).pdf
191
‘Shareholder’s Agreement with CNPC International Limited (Connected Transaction) & Farmout Agreement
& Joint Operating Agreement with TG World Energy (Bahamas) Regarding & Oilfield & Exploration Areas in
the Union of Myanmar.’ CNPC Hong Kong Website, 16 November 2001.
http://www.cnpc.com.hk/report/report-20011116(e).pdf; & ‘CNPC Hong Kong Outlines Upstream Spending in
SE Asia & Peru.’ International Oil Daily, 14 June 2007; & ‘中国石油集团在缅甸 (CNPC in Burma).’ CNPC
Website. http://www.cnpc.com.cn/CNPC/ywycp/cnpczqq/亚亚.htm
58
Exploration & Development Co. (CNODC) . blrad A'okawoeXmerS jyKvkyo f nfh prf;oyf
r_tay: tajccHcyJh gonf? okawoevkyif ef;tqifhtm; +yD;pD;cJ+h yD;/ y%mrppfwrf;aumuf,rl _
rsm;vnf; jyKvky+f yD;jzpfonf?192 2007 ckEpS /f ZGefvY TvkyfuGuu f kd pGef@vGw&f ef CNPC Hong
Kong ajyma&; qkc d iG &fh Sdol. t}uHjyKcsut
f m; aemufyidk ;f xGu&f Sv
d monfh 2007 ESpyf wfvnf
193
tpD&ifcH pmrS twnfjyKcJhonf?
vkyuf u G f RSF-3 (uke;f wGi;f ydik ;f / auG;csK-d i&Sr;f awmif)

Chinnery Assets rS &SmazGa&;a'o uDvr kd Dwmaygi;f 1603 twGif; cef@rSe;f ajcokad vSmifr_
ukAaAaygi;f 288 '\r 2 rDv, D &H o
Sd nfh xkwfvyk af &;tpk&, S f,moabmwlncD suf. 70
&mckid Ef e_ ;f udk ykid fqikd cf Jhonf? 4if;.ta&twGut f m; China National Oil & Gas Exploration
& Development Co. (CNODC) . blra d A'okawoeXmerS jyKvkyfonfh prf;wyfrt _ ajccH
194
onf? okawoevkyif ef;tm; +yD;pD;cJ+h yD;/ y%mrppfwrf;aumuf,rl r_ sm; pwifvyk faqmif
ae+yD;jzpfonf?195 okd@aomfvnf;yJ 2007 ckEpS f/ ZGefvY Tvkyu f Guu f kd pGef@vw
G &f ef CNPC
Hong Kong ajyma&; qkc d Gi&fh o
Sd .l t}uHjyKcsut f m; aemufyidk f;xGu&f v
Sd monfh 2007 ESpyf wf
196
vnf tpD&ifcH pmrS twnfjyKcJo h nf?
rkwrW urf;ajc
vkyu
f u
G f M-2 (urf;vG
;vGe)f
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) ukr% ` D Myanmar, China Huanqiu Contracting &
Engineering Co. ukr%
` ED Sihf Golden Aaron Pte. ponfu h rk `%w
D kd@rS yg0ifzGJ@pnf;xm;onfh Sino-
Singaporean Consortium onf 9600 uDvkr d Dwm&Sd Tobm0"mwfaiG@vyk u f u
G t
f wGuf
192
‘中国石油集团在缅甸 (CNPC in Burma).’ CNPC Website.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/CNPC/ywycp/cnpczqq/亚亚.htm
193
194
‘Shareholder’s Agreement with CNPC International Limited (Connected Transaction) & Farmout
Agreement & Joint Operating Agreement with TG World Energy (Bahamas) Regarding & Oilfield &
Exploration Areas in the Union of Myanmar.’ CNPC Hong Kong Website, 16 November 2001.
http://www.cnpc.com.hk/report/report-20011116(e).pdf; ‘CNPC Hong Kong Outlines Upstream Spending
in SE Asia & Peru.’ International Oil Daily, 14 June 2007; & ‘中中中中中中中缅缅 (CNPC in Burma).’ CNPC
Website. http://www.cnpc.com.cn/CNPC/ywycp/cnpczqq/亚亚.htm
195
‘CNPC Hong Kong Outlines Upstream Spending in SE Asia & Peru.’ International Oil Daily, 14 June
2007; & ‘中中中中中中中缅缅 (CNPC in Burma).’ CNPC Website.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/CNPC/ywycp/cnpczqq/亚亚.htm
196
IBID; & CNPC Hong Kong 2008. CNPC Hong Kong 2007 Annual Report. Available at
59
Myanma Oil & Gas Enterprise ESihf 2005 ckEpS f ESpOf ;D ykid ;f Y obm0"mwfaiG@&mS azGa&;ESihf
xkwfvyk af &;tpk&,
S ,
f m oabmwlpmcsKyfvufrw
S fa&;xkd;cJo h nf?197
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) Myanmar onf Tobm0"mwfaiG@vyk fuu G f
198
&SmazGa&;twGuf Myanma Oil & Gas Enterprise ESihf oabmwlpmcsKyfvufrw
S fa&;cJo
h nf?
vkyu
f u
G f M-3 (urf;vG
;vGe)f
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) onf 4if;. A-4 ESifh C-1 vkyuf GuEf iS hf vJvn S I f
xkid ;f PTT Exploration & Production rS ykid q
f ikd fonfh Tvkyfuu
G rf S 20 &mckid fEe_ ;f tm; &&S&d ef
pDpOfco Jh nf?199
vkyu
f u
G f M-4 (urf
(ur;f vGe)f
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) onf 4if;. A-4 ESifh C-1 vkyuf GuEf iS hf vJvn S I f
xkid ;f PTT Exploration & Production rS ykid q
f ikd fonfh Tvkyfuu
G rf S 20 &mckid fEe_ ;f tm; &&S&d ef
pDpOfco Jh nf?200
vkyu
f u
G f M-10 (urf
(ur;f vGe)f
` ED Sihf Golden Aaron Pte. ponfu h rk `%w
D kd@rS yg0ifzGJ@pnf;xm;onfh Sino-
Singaporean Consortium onf 15534 uDvr kd Dwm&Sd Tobm0"mwfaiG@vyk u f u
G t
f wGuf
obm0"mwfaiG@&mS azGa&;ESihf xkwv f yk fa&;tpk&S,f,moabmwlpmcsKyfudk MoU vufrw S f
201
a&;xkd;cJo
h nf?
197
‘中海油拿下缅甸3个油气区块 (CNOOC Secures 3 Burmese Oil & Gas Blocks).’ CNOOC Website,
27 January 2005. http://www.cnooc.com.cn/zhyww/xwygg/210729.shtml; & ‘中缅签署3个油气区块合同
(China & Burma Sign Contracts for 3 Oil & Gas Blocks).’ CNOOC Website, 31 January 2005.
http://www.cnooc.com.cn/zhyww/xwygg/211931.shtml
198
‘Production Sharing Contract Inked.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 27 January 2005.
http://www.myanmar-information.net/infosheet/2005/050127.htm
199
200
Ibid.
201
‘China Ups Myanmar Acreage.’ International Oil Daily, 17 December 2004.
60
yJc;l wkid ;f
jynfa&eHuu G f
2006 ckEpS /f arvwGif China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) Huabei Petroleum ESihf China
National Oil & Gas Exploration & Development Co. (CNODC) affiliated Kai Er Co. wkd@rS
jynfa&eHuGut f wGuf w&kw, f eG faiG 60 rDvD,w H ef a&eHwiG ;f wl;az:a&;pmcsKyfudk vufrw S f
202
a&;xkd;cJo
h nf? a'owGi;f tajctaeudkaumif;pGmodusG r;f r_r&Scd jhJ cif;a=umifh 2004 ckEpS w f iG f
vkyif ef;pwif&eftpDtpOfysujf ym;&onfhtay:/ 2006 ckEpS w f iG f Well Drilling No. 4 Company
Team No. 4051 rS KYTC-1 ESihf KNC-1 a&eHwi h nf?203
G f;udk atmifjrifpmG wl;az:Ekid cf Jo
vkyu
f u
G f IOR-4 (ukefe;f wGi;yd
f;yidk ;f )
;y
China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) ukr%` Donf jrefrmhprG ;f tif0ef}uD;XmeESifh jyKvkyf
xm;onfph mcsKyfrwS qifh TvkyfuGu. f 100 &mckid fEe_ ;f ukd ykid q f m;onf?204 vkyu
f kid x f Gut f rSwf
IOR-4 rS a&eHwi G f;trSwf PSC-1 udk y%mrwl;az:&mY tusKd ;tjrwfwpHkw&m &&Scd ahJ =umif;
CNPC rS tpD&ifcc H Jhonf?205 2006 ckEpS /f Zlvikd v f wGif CNPC Huabei affiliated Drilling No. 4
Company Team No. 40511 . vkyi f ef;+yD;pD;cJrh .
_ tusK;d qufa=umif; a&eHwiG ;f trSwf PSC-101
tm; e*drk w
D m 1200 rS rDwm 1960 txd wkd;cJs@co hJ nf?206
ppfuidk ;f wkid ;f
vkuu
f u
G t
f rSwf C-1 (uke;f wGi;f yki
d ;f /
tif;awm-
awm-a&eH)
Engineering Co. ukr%` ED iS hf Singapore’s Golden Aaron Pte. ponfu
h rk %
` Dwkd@rS yg0ifzGJ@pnf;xm;
onfh Consortium wpfckonf 17000 uDvrkd w D m&Sd Tobm0"mwfaiG@vkyu f Gut f wGuf
202
‘华北石油管理局缅甸市场淘金 (CNPC Huabei Petroleum Pans Burmese Market).’ CNPC Website,
24 May
2006...http://www.cnpc.com.cn/CNPC/xwzx/qydt/%e5%8d%8e%e5%8c%97%e7%9f%b3%e6%b2%b9%e
7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%b1%80%e7%bc%85%e7%94%b8%e5%b8%82%e5%9c%ba%e6%b7%98%
e9%87%91.htm
203
Ibid.
204
‘CNPC in Myanmar.’ CNPC Website.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/eng/cnpcworldwide/asiaandpacific/Burma/
205
‘国家概况 (CNPC Myanmar Profile).’ CNPC Website.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/cnodc/hzygy/zygxx/zfjs/md.htm
206
‘中南半岛亮出中国石油“名片” (图) (Southeastern Peninsula Brightens CNPC’s Brand Name).’
CNPC Website, 13 November 2006. http://www.cnpc.com.cn/Paper/2006/11/13/plate6/005.htm
61
ESihf 2005 ckEpS f ESpOf ;D ykid ;f Y obm0"mwfaiG@&mS azGa&;ESihf
Myanma Oil & Gas Enterprise (MOGE)
xkwfvyk af &;tpk&,
S ,
f m oabmwlpmcsKyfvufrw S fa&;xkd;cJo h nf?207
2007 ckEpS /f arvwGif China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) Sichuan Petroleum Geophysical
Prospecting Co. ukr% ` ED iS hf Myanma Oil & Gas Enterprise (MOGE) wkd@rS 2D ppfwrf;aumuf,rl _
jyKvky&f ef China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) Myanmar ESihf oabmwlvufrw S f
208
a&;xkd;cJo h nf? 2008 ckEpS /f azaz:0g&v D wGif 4if;wk@d .vkyu
f Gut
f rSwf C-1 ESihf A-4 wkd@tm;
xkid ;f Ekid if H PTT rS 20 &mckid Ef e_ ;f ykid fqikd fxm;onfh M-3 ESihf M-4 vkyfuu G Ef Sihf vJvn
S rf nf
209
jzpfa=umif; CNOOC rS tpD&ifccH o Jh nf?
vkyu
f u
G t
f rSwf C-2 (uke;f wGi;f ykid ;f / a&$b-kd rH&k mG )
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) Myanmar, China Huanqiu Contracting &
` ED iS hf Singapore’s Golden Aaron Pte. ponfu
h rk %
` Dwkd@rS yg0ifzGJ@pnf;xm;
onfh Sino-Singaporean Consortium onf 26000 uDvrkd Dwm&Sd Tobm0"mwfaiG@vyk fuu G f
twGuf Myanma Oil & Gas Enterprise (MOGE) ESihf 2005 ckEpS f ESpOf D;ykid ;f Y obm0"mwf
aiG@&mS azGa&;ESihf xkwfvyk af &;tpk&, S af &;xk;d cJhonf?210
S f,m oabmwlpmcsKyfvufrw
2005 ckEpS /f Ek0d ifbmvwGif Tvkyu f uG fudk ppfwrf;aumuf,rl r_ sm;jyKvky&f ef China National
Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) Myanmar ukr% ` rD S China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) Sichuan
Petroleum Geophysical Prospecting Co. ukr%` u Jh nf?211
D adk &G;cs,cf o
207
‘中海油拿下缅甸3个油气区块 (CNOOC Secures 3 Burmese Oil & Gas Blocks).’ CNOOC Website,
27 January 2005. http://www.cnooc.com.cn/zhyww/xwygg/210729.shtml; & ‘中缅签署3个油气区块合同
(China & Burma Sign Contracts for 3 Oil & Gas Blocks).’ CNOOC Website, 31 January 2005.
208
‘Production Sharing Contract Inked.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 27 January 2005. http://www.myanmar-
information.net/infosheet/2005/050127.htm; & ‘四川物探缅甸C1区块项目完工 (CNPC Sichuan Exploration of
Burma’s C1 Block Complete).’ CNPC Website, 14 May 2007.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/Paper/2007/05/14/plate6/003.htm
209
210
‘中海油拿下缅甸3个油气区块 (CNOOC Secures 3 Burmese Oil & Gas Blocks ).’ CNOOC Website, 27
January 2005. http://www.cnooc.com.cn/zhyww/xwygg/210729.shtml; & ‘中缅签署3个油气区块合同 (China
& Burma Sign Contracts for 3 Oil & Gas Blocks).’ CNOOC Website, 31 January 2005.
211
‘四川物探与中海油缅甸公司再度握手 (CNPC Sichuan Petroleum Geophysical Prospecting Co. &
CNOOC Cooperate Again in Burma).’ CNPC Sichuan Petroleum Geophysical Prospecting Co. Website, 1
December 2005. http://www.sgc-prc.com/news_detail.aspx?id=148&cate_id=1
62
China National Offshore Oil Co. (CNOOC) Myanmar rS Tobm0"mwfaiG@vyk u f u G t
f m;
h nf?212
&SmazGrr_ sm;jyKvky&f ef Myanma Oil & Gas Enterprise oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrSwfa&;xkd;cJo
vkyuf u
G tf rSwf D (uke;f wGi;f ykid ;f / ppfuikd ;f wdik ;f ESihf rauG;wkid ;f )
2007 ckEpS /f ZGev f wGif rkid af ygi;f 4763 &So d nfh Ta&eHvyk u f Gut
f m; a&eHw;l az:&SmazG&ef
213
Sinopec rS pDpOfco
Jh nf?
a&eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@yu kd vf ikd ;f

ppfawGEiS hf cGerf if;=um; uDvrkd w D maygi;f 2380 &Snfvsm;onfh "mwfaiG@yu kd fvkdi;f wnfaqmuf&ef
Sinopec rS w&kwf,e G af iG 8 bDvD,H oabmwlpmcsKyf vufrw S fa&;xk;d cJhonf?214 2007 ckEpS /f
{+yDvwGif rvufcga&vwf=um; (Straits of Malacca) ukad &Smifv+GJ yD; ta&Stv,fykid ;f ESihf
tmz&durS a&eHrsm;tm; w&kwEf ikd if Ho@dk o,faqmifz@dk twGuf "mwfaiG@yu kd fvkdi;f wnfaqmuf&ef
215
China’s National Reform & Development Council rS twnfjyKcJhonf? rdr.
d a&eHt&if;
tjrSprf sm; xkwfvyk Ef ikd &f eftwGuf w&kwt f pk;d &rS jrefrmhppftpk;d &udk tar&duefa':vm 83
216
rDv,D H acs;aiGaxmufyHhay;cJo h nf?
PetroChina onf 4if;.ukr%` cD GJ ChinaOil Singapore ESihf obm0"mwfaiG@ rDwmaygi;f 170

bDvD,H o,faqmifEikd fonfh &ckid jf ynfe,fEiS hf Chongqing =um; "mwfaiG@ykduv f kdi;f wnfaqmuf
217
&ef aqG;aEG;aeonf? PetroChina onf &ckid u f rf;ajcESihf w&kwEf ikd if H Kunming okd@r[kwf
Chongqing ESihf csw
d q
f ufrnfh obm0"mwfaiG@EiS fh a&eHyu dk vf kid ;f ESpcf kwnfaqmuf&eftwGuf
Myanma Oil & Gas Enterprise (MOGE) ESihf oabmwlnr D &_ &Sdxm;+yD;jzpfa=umif; 2007 ckEpS /f
{+yDvwGif xkwaf 0onfh owif;tpD&ifcpH mrS az:jyxm;onf?218
212
‘Production Sharing Contract Inked.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 27 January 2005.
http://www.myanmar-information.net/infosheet/2005/050127.htm
213
‘Sinopec to Drill for Oil in June.’ Myanmar Times, 28 May 2007.
214
‘Work on Oil Pipeline Expected to Start this Year.’ The Myanmar Times, 20 April 2007.
http://www.mmtimes.com/no364/b004.htm; & ‘Sinopec Construction of China-Burma Oil Pipeline to Start
in 2007.’ Xinhua via Comtex, 21 April 2007.
http://www.zibb.com/article/811631/Sinopec+says+construction+of+ChinaBurma+oil+pipeline+to+start+in+2007
215
‘Sino-Burma Pipeline Receives NDRC Approval.’ China Energy Weekly, 25 April 2007.
216
‘Work on China-Myanmar Oil Pipeline to Start in 2007.’ Asia Today, 23 April 2007.
http://www.antara.co.id/en/arc/2007/4/23/work-on-china-myanmar-oil-pipeline-to-start-in-2007/
217
‘China Hands Burma to Build Parallel Energy Pipelines.’ Comtex, 5 April 2007; & ‘Natural Gas
Business.’ ChinaOil Website. http://www.chinaoil.com.cn/zly_en/zgs/detail.asp?id=414&sid=0
218
‘Sino-Burmese Energy Pipeline to Begin Construction.’ People’s Daily, 3 April 2007.
http://finance.people.com.cn/GB/1038/59942/59955/5556045.html,
63
2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v
D wGif China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) ukr% ` rD S &ckid jf ynfwiG f;
a&eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@ykduv
f ikd f; wnfaqmufrnfah e&mrsm;udk ppfwrf;aumuf,rl r_ sm; jyKvkyf
219
cJo
h nf? 2007 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmvwGif CNPC rS jrefrmEkid if wH iG ;f a&eHykdufvidk ;f wpfck yl;aygi;f
wnfaqmuf&eftwGuf enf;AsL[moabmwlncD suw f pfck vufrSwaf &;xk;d cJhonf?220
rnfokd@qkad p w&kwEf iS hf t*Fvyd b f momjzihf a&;om;xm;onfh yÉdyuQowif;rsm; qufwkduf

xGufay:aeonfhtay: a&eHEiS hf obm0"mwfaiG@ydkufvikd ;f . vufoavmtaetxm;rSm wdus
&Si;f vif;r_r&Sad o;acs? Chongqing +rdK@awmf0ef Huang Qifan onf Chongqing +rdK@okd@ Sino-
Burmese a&eHyu kd v
f ikd f;wk;d csJ@wnfaqmufrnfh w&kwt f pk;d &ESihf CNPC ukr`%. D tqifjh rSifh
t&m&Srd sm;qHk;jzwfcsurf sm;ta=umif;tm; w&kwfowif;avmuwGif t&Sed t f [kejf rSifh ajymqkcd Jh
221
onf? 2007 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v D wGif Sino-Burmese yku d v f ikd f;rS a&eHrsm;udk ae&mcsoakd vSmifzkd@
Chongqing a&eHpuf&Hw k nfaqmuf&eftwGuf Huang Qifan rS w&kw, f eG faiG bDv,D Haygi;f 100
&SmazGa&;vkyif ef;tpDtpOfudk ausnmcJo h nf? 2007 ckEpS /f ZGefvwGif CNPC ukr% ` rD S a&eHpuf&Hk
wnfaqmufa&;ESihf a&eHEiS o hf bm0"mwfaiG@yyhH kd;r_wkd;jrSiahf &;vkyif ef;wGif yl;aygi;f aqmif&u G &f ef
222
Chongqing ESifh oabmwlvufrSwa f &;xk;d cJo
h nf?
219
‘中缅油气管道将使中缅两国联系更加紧密 (Sino-Burmese Pipeline Brings China & Burma Even
Closer).’ CNPC Website, 28 February 2007.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/CNPC/xwzx/hyxx/%e4%b8%ad%e7%bc%85%e6%b2%b9%e6%b0%94%e7%ae%a1
%e9%81%93%e5%b0%86%e4%bd%bf%e4%b8%ad%e7%bc%85%e4%b8%a4%e5%9b%bd%e8%81%94%e7
%b3%bb%e6%9b%b4%e5%8a%a0%e7%b4%a7%e5%af%86.htm
220
‘CNPC Speeds Up Preparations for Myanmar-China Oil Pipeline.’ Dow Jones, 2 December 2007.
http://www.nasdaq.com/aspxcontent/NewsStory.aspx?cpath=20071202%5cACQDJON200712022231DO
WJONESDJONLINE000386.htm&
221
‘中缅石油管线年内动工昆明将建炼油厂 (Sino-Burmese Pipeline Construction to Begin this Year).’
CNPC Website, 4 April 2007.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/gdj/gdxw/%e4%b8%ad%e7%bc%85%e7%9f%b3%e6%b2%b9%e7%ae%a1%e7%ba%
bf%e5%b9%b4%e5%86%85%e5%8a%a8%e5%b7%a5%e6%98%86%e6%98%8e%e5%b0%86%e5%bb%ba%e
7%82%bc%e6%b2%b9%e5%8e%82.htm; & ‘中缅输油管线或年内开建-重庆坐望千万吨原油
(Construction of Sino-Burmese Pipeline to Chongqing to Start Next Year).’ People’s Daily, 26 March
2007. http://finance.people.com.cn/GB/1038/59942/59955/5518259.html
222
‘CNPC Signs Strategic Cooperation Agreement with Chongqing.’ CNPC Website, 27 June 2007.
http://www.cnpc.com.cn/eng/press/newsreleases/_CNPCsignsstrategiccooperationagreementwithChongqing_.htm
64
owWKwGi;f vkyif ef;
csi;f jynfe,f
arGawmif a=u;jzL
Kingbao (Jinbao) Mining Co. ukr%
` Donf a=u;jzLowWK&SmazG&eftwGuf &SmazGa&;ESifh jzpfEikd af jc
avhvmr_rsm;jyKvky&f ef jrefrmowWKwGi;f 0ef}uD;trSwf (3) ESifh oabmwlvufrSwaf &;xk;d cJh
onf?223 ,if;owWKwGi;f onfh 1 '\r 5 &mcdik Ef e_ ;f tqif&h aSd =u;jzLtm; wefcsed faygi;f oef; 10
f nfhowWLwGi;f jzpfygonf?224 Jinbao (Kingbao) Mining Co. ukr%
wl;az:&&SEd idk o ` o
D nf 2005
ckEpS Yf Zijin Mining Co ukr% ` yD ikd fonfh ukr`%cD GJ Gold Mountain (Hong Kong) International
Mining Co ukr% ` ED iS hf China North Industries (NORINCO) ukr% ` yD ikd o
f nfh Wanbao Mining Co
ukr% ` Dwkd@ 50-50 &mcdik Ef e_ ;f yl;aygi;f I wnfaxmifxm;onfh ukr`%jD zpfygonf?225
ppfuikd ;f wdik ;f
vufyaH wmif; a=u;eD (rH&k mG )

China Nonferrous Metal Mining Co ukr%
` rD S TowWKwGi;f ukd ykid q
f kid af =umif; 2006 ckEpS t
f wGi;f
226
xGu&f Sdonfo
h wif;rS az:jyonf?
&Sr;f jynfe,f
wD*spaf usmufr;D aoG;"mwftm;puf&EkH iS fh owWKwGi;f (120 rD*g0yf) (wD*sp/f yifavmif;+rdK@e,f)

2001 ckEpS /f =o*kwv f wGif China National Heavy Machinery Co. (CHMC) ukr% ` rD S jrefrmh
v#ypf pfprG ;f tm;0ef}uD;XmeESifh tar&duefa':vm 42 '\r 9 rDv, D H oabmpmcsKyf vufrSwf
227
a&;xkd;cJo
h nf? 2004 ckEpS f/ rwfvwGif CHMC rS tar&duefa':vm 5 rDv, D Htzd;k wefonfh
Belt Conveyors ESihf }udwp f ufrsm;tygt0if ypPn;f ud&xd m;rsm;o,faqmifonfh wwd,
223
‘China, Myanmar Sign Mineral Exploration Agreement.’ Asia Pulse Pte., 15 August 2005.
224
‘Zijin Mining Expands Overseas Mining.’ Interfax China, 17 April 2007.
http://www.minesandcommunities.org/Action/press1451.htm; & ‘Zijin to Double Gold Output after 68pc
Profit Jump.’ South China Morning Post, 31 March 2006.
225
‘Jinbao Mining Company Limited.’ Zijin Mining Website, 19 July 2007.
http://english.zjky.cn/Colla/view.asp?id=55
226
‘CN Acquires Largest Copper Mine in Northeastern China.’ China Business News Online, 2 March
2006.
227
Platts. 2007. Platts Myanmar Country Energy Profile. [Thanks to Courier Research Associates for
providing this document.]
65
ajrmufEiS hf aemufq;Hk oabFmtm; jrefrmEkid if Ho@dk qkduaf &mufcoJh nf?228 aemufq;Hk vufcH &&Sd
onfhajyv$mtm; vufrSwaf &;xd;k cJ+h yD;jzpf+yD;/ ,if;puf&t Hk m; vkyif ef;vnfywfae+yDjzpfonfh
tav#muf ypPnf;o,fonfu h m;rSmvnf; owWKwGi;f rS pGr;f tm;puf&o Hk d@k ausmufr;D aoG;rsm;
229
o,faqmifaeonf?
erf;wl-abmfwiG ;f bdvyfajr/ jr/ oGyjf ym;/ owWKwGi;f

jrefrmhowWKwGi;f 0ef}uD;XmerS Yunnan Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Co. (YMEC)
ukr%` tD m; erf;wl&v Sd yk fuu G fwiG f oGyEf iS hf lead rsm; xkwfvyk cf iG fhay;cJhonf?230 YMEC onf
ae@pOf wefaygi;f 500 xkyv f yk Ef ikd &f ef tar&duefa':vm 5 rDvD,H &if;ESD;jrKwfc+Jh yD;/ 4if;tm;
2008 ckEpS f ESpuf ek yf ikd ;f wGif vkyif ef;vnfywfEidk rf nf[k arsmv f ifch o Jh nf? wESpfv#if tar&duef
a':vmoef; 50 ausmu f ek uf srnfh wef 8 oef;xkw, f El idk rf nfh owWKwGi;f topfudv k nf;
231
pDpOfxm;onf?
rEWav;wkid ;f
waumif;awmif a=u;jzLowWKwGi;f (oydwu f sif;+rdK@e,f)

2004 ckEpS /f Zlvikd v
f wGif China Nonferrous Metal Mining Co. (CNMC) ukr% ` rD S Ta=u;jzL
owWKwGi;f tm; &SmazGa&;ESihf jzpfEidk af jcavhvmr_rsm;jyKvky&f ef jrefrmhowWKwGi;f 0ef}uD;XmeESihf
oabmwlvufrSwaf &;xk;d cJo h nf?232 2007 ckEpS w f iG f CNMC rS 75 &mckid Ef e_ ;f ESihf Burma’s
Mining Enterprise No. 3 rS 25 &mcki d Ef e_ ;f ykid q
f ikd rf j_ zihf China’s National Reform and Development
Council rS ,if;pDrHue d ;f udk twnfjyKcJo h nf?233 2007 ckEpS /f ZGev f wGif jzpfEikd af jcavhvmr_
228
‘More Equipment Arrived for Shan State Coal Mine.’ The Myanmar Times, 5 April 2004.
http://www.myanmar.gov.mm/myanmartimes/no211/MyanmarTimes11-211/012.htm
229
‘缅甸TIGYIT燃煤电站项目通过最终验收 (Burma’s Tigyit Coal Generator Plant Project Passes Final
Inspection).’ CHMC Website, 2 February 2007. http://www.chmc2003.net/news.do?cmd=show&id=1611;
‘缅甸TIGYIT电厂2#机组调式工作全面展开 (Burma’s Tigyit Power Plant generator No. 2).’ CHMC
Website, 24 March 2005. http://www.chmc2003.net/news.do?cmd=show&id=1166; &
‘中国重机公司总承包的缅甸TIGYIT电站2#机组并网发电 (CHMC’s Burma Tigyit Power Plant #2
Generator Produces Electricity).’ CHMC Website, 17 May 2005.
230
‘Development Projects of Namtu-Bawtwin Mineral Deposit in the Union of Myanmar.’ YMEC Website.
http://www.ymec.com.cn/en/mining.htm [Thanks to Burma Relief Center for providing this link.]
231
‘Development Projects of Namtu-Bawtwin Mineral Deposit in the Union of Myanmar.’ YMEC
Website. http://www.ymec.com.cn/en/mining.htm [Thanks to Burma Relief Center for providing this link.]
232
‘CNMC & Burma Sign Exploration & Feasibility Study Agreement.’ 中国国家企业网, 22 July 2004.
http://www.chinabbc.com.cn/yljc/view.asp?newsid=200472213265635&classid=109102104; & ‘Myanmar
Mining Annual Review December 2005.’ Mining Annual Review, December, 2005.
233
‘CN’s Nickel Mine Project Still Awaiting Burmese Government Approval.’ China Metals Weekly via
Interfax, 15 June 2007; & ‘CN to Develop Nickel Mine in Burma.’ Interfax, 25 August 2006.
66
jyKvky+f yD;pD;cJ+h yD;/ jrefrmhowWKwGif;0ef}uD;XmerS twnfjyKay;cJhonf?234 2008 ckESp/f Zlvikd v
f wGif
CNMC Nickel Co ukr% ` ED iS hf Burma’s Mining Enterprise No. 3 wkd@rS Ttar&duefa':vm 800
rDv,D pH rD Hued ;f udk vkyfuidk f&ef oabmwlpmcsKyftopfwpfck vufrSwaf &;xkd;cJhonf? ,if;pDrH
ude;f tm; 50 &mckid Ef e_ ;f pD ykdiq f ikd =f uonf?235
China EXIM Bank ESifh China Development Bank wkd@rS aiGa=u;rsm;axmufy+Hh yD;/ Canadian-based
Hatch ESifh China Nonferrous Engineering & Research Institute wkd@rS pDru H ed ;f udk yl;wGI
J
236
yHpk aH z:rnfjzpfonf?
yky`g;awmif Pozzolan owWKESihf puf&Hk

Jiangsu Pengfei Group Co ukr% ` rD S ae@pOf wef 500 xkw,
f El idk rf nfph uf&kHudk wnfaqmuf&ef
twGuf jrefrmv#ypf pfprG ;f tm;0ef}uD;trSwf (1) ESihf oabmwlvufrSwf a&;xdk;cJo h nf?237
234
‘China Nonferrous Metal Group Starts Nickel Project in Burma.’ Sinocast via Comtex News Network,
29 June 2007.
235
‘CNMC to kick off construction on Myanmar nickel mine in H2.’ Interfax China Metals and Mining, 1
August 2008. http://www.minesandcommunities.org/article.php?a=8738; & ‘Mining Enterprise No. 3 and
CNMC Nickel Co. Sign Contract.’ The New Light of Myanmar, 30 July 2008.
http://myanmargeneva.org/NLM2008/eng/7July/n080730.pdf
236
IBID
237
‘缅甸一电部与中国江苏鹏飞集团公司签署日产500吨粉煤灰厂合作协定 (Burma No. 1 Ministry of
Electric Power & China Sign Pozzalan Agreement).’ The Economic & Commercial Counselor’s Office of
the Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Myanmar Website, 15 April 2007.
http://mm.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/zxhz/sbmy/200704/20070404570475.html
67

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