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No. 07-1372
 In the Supreme Court of the United States
S
TATE OF
H
 AWAII
,
ET AL
.,
 
 Petitioners
,
 
v.O
FFICE OF
H
 AWAIIAN
 A 
FFAIRS
,
ET AL
.,
Respondents.
On Writ of Certiorari tothe Supreme Court of HawaiiBRIEF OF THE SOVEREIGN COUNCILS OF THEHAWAIIAN HOMELANDS ASSEMBLY,NA ‘A‘AHUHIWA, THE NATIVE HAWAIIAN BAR ASSOCIATION, HUI KAKO’O ‘AINA HO’OPULAPULA, AND ‘AHAHUI O HAWAI’I AS
AMICI 
 
CURIAE 
IN SUPPORT OF RESPONDENTS
T
HOMAS
W.
 
M
ERRILL
 S
COTT
L.
 
S
HUCHART
 
Yale Law SchoolSupreme Court Clinic127 Wall StreetNew Haven, CT 06511(203) 432-4800 
 C
HARLES
R
OTHFELD
 
Counsel of Record
 A 
NDREW
J.
 
P
INCUS
 
Mayer Brown LLP 1909 K 
 
Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 (202) 263-3000 Counsel for Amici Curiae
 
i
QUESTION PRESENTED
 Amici
will address the following question:Whether the Hawaii Supreme Court’s order thatan injunction be entered against the sale or transferof ceded trust lands until the claims of Native Ha-waiians to the ceded lands are resolved rests on statelaw.
 
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTSPage
QUESTION PRESENTED..........................................i
!
TABLE OF AUTHORITIES......................................iv
!
INTEREST OF THE AMICI CURIAE.......................1
!
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT...............................................................2
!
 ARGUMENT...............................................................8
!
I.
!
WHOLLY APART FROM THE APOLOGY RESOLUTION, NATIVE HAWAIIANSHAVE AN EQUITABLE INTEREST INTHE CEDED TRUST LANDS..............................8
!
 A.
!
The Hawaii Constitution And StateStatutes Codify Congress’s Delegationof Substantial Portions Of Its TrustResponsibility For The Ceded Lands ToHawaii...............................................................9
!
B.
!
Hawaii State Courts Have RepeatedlyRecognized That The State Of Hawaii Acts As Fiduciary And Trustee ForNative Hawaiians...........................................13
!
C.
!
Native Hawaiians Have A SpecialInterest In Ownership Of Their LandsThat Transcends The Lands’ Monetary Value...............................................................15
!
1.
!
Hawaii Trust Law RecognizesSpecial Native Hawaiian Rights ToEnjoyment Of Lands.................................15
!
2.
!
 Any Authority To Sell Ceded LandsMust Be Exercised Consistent WithThe State’s Fiduciary Duties....................19
!
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