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Global Challenges for Humanity
 
- excerpt from2008 State of the Future–
The 15 Global Challenges updated annually continue to be
 the
best introduction by far tothe key issues of the early 21st century.
 -- Michael Marien, editor,
Future Survey
 The 15 Global Challenges provide a framework to assess the global and local prospectsfor humanity. Their description, with a range of views and actions to addressed each,enriched with regional views and progress assessments are updated each year since 1996and published in the annual
State of the Future
.
 
The short description of thechallenges appears in the print version of the report, while a detailed, more complex oneis on the CD-ROM that accompanies the report. On the CD, each challenge is presentedin much details, with extended regional views, actions to address the challenge andindicators to measure progress. The list below links to the short overview of eachchallenge and the invitation to help update them.A short (about 2 minutes) video versions of each of the 15 Global Challeges is availableon YouTubehttp://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=2C7D2B78000F1C2D 
Continued below…
 
 15 Global Challenges
 1. How can sustainable development be achieved for all while addressingglobal climate change? 2. How can everyone have sufficient clean water without conflict? 3. How can population growth and resources be brought into balance? 4. How can genuine democracy emerge from authoritarian regimes? 5. How can policymaking be made more sensitive to global long-termperspectives? 6. How can the global convergence of information and communicationstechnologies work for everyone? 7. How can ethical market economies be encouraged to help reduce thegap between rich and poor? 8. How can the threat of new and reemerging diseases and immune micro-organisms be reduced? 9. How can the capacity to decide be improved as the nature of work andinstitutions change? 10. How can shared values and new security strategies reduce ethnicconflicts, terrorism, and the use of weapons of mass destruction? 11. How can the changing status of women help improve the humancondition? 12. How can transnational organized crime networks be stopped frombecoming more powerful and sophisticated global enterprises? 13. How can growing energy demands be met safely and efficiently? 14. How can scientific and technological breakthroughs be accelerated toimprove the human condition? 15. How can ethical considerations become more routinely incorporatedinto global decisions? 
Please see theInvitation and instructions to update and improve the Global Challenges FacingHumanity.
 
 
Background
 The15 Global Challenges facing humanity preesnted by the Millennium Project are theresult of the distilation, merger, and update of the15 Global Issuespresented in the
1997 State of the Future
and the15 Global Opportunitiesfrom the 1998 edition, and theirassociated actions. These Global Challenges are interdependent and present what webelieve are the crucial questions for policy action now and in the next decade. Makingwise and timely decisions about these challenges will set the course of globaldevelopment and societal achievements in the years immediately ahead.One of the principal findings of twelve years of research of the Millennium Project is thatthe most important challenges are transnational in nature and transinstitutional insolution. They cannot be addressed by any government or institution acting alone. Theyrequire collaborative action among governments, international organizations,corporations, universities, and NGOs. Transinstitutional mechanisms to focus theseglobal actors are missing. Although listed in sequence, Challenge 1 on sustainabledevelopment is no more or less important that Challenge 15 on global ethics. TheChallenges are interdependent: and improvement in one makes it easier to address others;deterioration in one makes it harder to address others. Arguing whether one is more
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