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٬ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ٬ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ٬ﺕﺎﻳﺮﺼﺒﻟﺍ ٬ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﺠﻟﺍ ٬ءﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍ ٬ءﺎﻳﺰﻴﻔﻟﺍ

pc1, chimie, lentille, convergente, belhaj, abmx2004, collab collège lycée maroc

, math 3 2 1 eme année

ﻍﻭﺮﺸﻣ ﺓﺪﻓﺎﻧ ﻱﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻱﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻳﺰﻔﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺃ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻳﺰﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺭﺎﻤﺗ ﻭ ﺱﻭﺭﺪﻟﺍﻲﻨﻴﺟ ﻢﻋﺪﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺍﺪﻋﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺿﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍءﺎﻳﺰﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺿﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺳﺭﺪﻤﻟﺍ

ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺎﻨﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺾﺳ

Quelques matériaux au quotidien I

-ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﻷﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺰﻴﻴﻤﺘﻟﺍ:1-1-ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ:ﺓﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻒﺋﺎﻇﻭ ﺎﻬﻟ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺃﻭ ءﺎﻴﺷﺃ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺘﻣ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﻳ ﻬﺟﺎﺘﺤﻳ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﻪﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺎ.ﺎﻬﻟﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﻁﻭﺮﺷﻭ ﺎﻬﻔﺋﺎﻇﻮﻟ ﺔﻤﺋﻼﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻳﺰﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺻﺍﻮﺧ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻢﺘﻳﻭ.2-1-ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﻨﺼﺗ:ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﻹ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺋﺭ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺙﻼﺛ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻨﺑ ﺔﻄﻴﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﻏﺃ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﺗ

Recyclage : o

ﺔﻳﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ.

ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺟﺰﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ.

ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ.-

ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﺓﺰﻴﻤﻤﻟﺍ ﺹﺍﻮﺨﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ:1-2- ﺔﻳﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ: ﺔﻛﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺹﺍﻮﺧ ﺙﻼﺛ ﺎﻬﻟ ﺔﺒﻠﺻ ﺔﻄﻴﺴﺑ ﺔﺼﻟﺎﺧ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ:ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ-ﻱﺭﺍﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ- ﻱﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻌﻤﻠﻟﺍ.ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ

Fer

ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻣﻮﻟﻷﺍﻭ

Aluminium

ﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﺜﻛﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗﻭ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺼﻠﻟ ﺔﻣﻭﺎﻘﻣﻭ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍﻭ ءﺍﻮﻬﻠﻟ ﺓﺬﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺔﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﺗ ﺎﻤﻛ ﻚﻧﺰﻟﺍﻭ ﺱﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ ﺔﺌﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺻ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺎﻤﻖﻳﺮﻄﺘﻠﻟ.2- 2- ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺟﺰﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ:ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻐﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﺋﺍﻮﺴﻠﻟ ﺓﺬﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺔﺒﻠﺻ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻲﻫﻭ, ﺔﻓﺎﻔﺷ,ﺮﺴﻜﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ,ﺎﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻟﺯﺎﻋ, ﺤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺌﻳﺩﺭﻱﺭﺍﺮ, ﺔﻳﺬﻏﻷﺍ ﺪﺴﻔﺗ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻟﻭﺍﺪﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺘﺗ ﻻﻭ.3-2- ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ: ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ

Matières organiques

ﻲﺗﺎﺒﻧ ﻞﺻﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻲﻫ)ﻦﻄﻗ-ﺐﺸﺧ –ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻁﺎﻄﻣ-ﺏﺎﺸﻋﺃ –ﻝﻭﺮﺘﺑ(...ﻲﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣﻭﺃ)ﻑﻮﺻ-ﺪﻠﺟ –ﺝﺎﻋ-ﺮﻳﺮﺣ(... ﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻌﻨﺼﻣ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻭﺃﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺪﺿ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺔﻣﻭﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﻬﻟ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﻴ ﺔﻔﻴﻌﺿ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺤﻠﻟ ﺎﻬﺘﻣﻭﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻜﻟ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻐﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﺋﺍﻮﺴﻠﻟ ﺓﺬﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻓﺎﻔﺷ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺪﻗﻭ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍ.ﻞﻬﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺪﺗ ﺍﺯﻮﻣﺭ ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﻷﺍ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ ﺔﺴﻤﺧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺰﻴﻤﻧ ﻥﺃ ﻦﻜﻤﻳﻩﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ) ﻪﻌﻴﻨﺼﺗ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ(ﺓﺭﻭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ.ﺕﻻﺎﺘﻔﻳﺮﻴﺗ ﻦﻴﻠﻴﺜﻳﻻﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻳ

Polyéthylène téréphtalate

ﻭﺃ)

P.E.T

(ﻦﻴﻠﻴﺜﻳﻻﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣﻭ

Polyéthylèn

ﻭﺃ)

P.E

( ﺔﺌﺒﻌﺘﻟ ﺔﻠﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ ﻢﻫﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﻭﺫﺕﺎﺑﻭﺮﺸﻤﻟﺍ.

III

-ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﻌﺗ:

Reconnaissance de matériaux

ﺕﻻﺎﺘﻔﻳﺮﻴﺗ ﻦﻴﻠﻴﺜﻳﻻﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﺰـــﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺡﻼﻄﺻﻻﺍ ﻢﺳﻻﺍ

Polyéthylène téréphtalate (P. E .T

(ﻞﻴﻨﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺭﻮﻠﻛ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ

Polychlorure de vinyle ( P .V .C

(ﻦﻴﻠﻴﺑﻭ ﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ

Polypropylène ( P . P

(ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺘﺳ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ

Polystyrène ( P . S

(ﻦﻴﻠﻴﺜﻳﻻﺍ ﺓﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ

Polyéthylène ( P . E

(ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍ ﻮﻔﻄﺗ ﻮﻔﻄﺗ ﻻ ﻮﻔﻄﺗ ﻻ ﻊﺒﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺢﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻮﻔﻄﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍ ﻮﻔﻄﺗﻻ ﻮﻔﻄﺗ ﻮﻔﻄﺗﻻ ﻮﻔﻄﺗﻻ ﺏﺬﻌﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻮﻔﻄﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻱﺮﺋﺍﺩ ﺮﻌﻗ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻳﺯﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﻭﺮﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺭﺎﻗ ﻪﺗﻻﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺱﻮﻘﺘﻳ ﻻ ﺱﻮﻘﺘﻳ ﻰﻠﻐﻤﻟﺍ)ﺩﻮﺳﺃ ﺮﻌﻗ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ( ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺭﺎﻗ- ﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺲﺑﻼﻣﺓﺬ-ﻲﻘﺴﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﺑﺎﻧﺃ- ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﻄﺻﺍ ﺩﻭﺭﻭ-ﻝﺎﻔﻃﻷﺍ ﺐﻌﻟ ﺾﻌﺑ. . . ﺔﻴﺠﻴﺴﻧ ﻑﺎﻴﻟﺃ-ﺓﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻖﻟﺎﻌﻣ ءﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﻐﺘﺸﺗ ﺔﻴﻟﺰﻨﻣ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ-ﺐﻌﻠﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺻ-ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺃ-ﺕﺎﺠﻠﺜﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﻮﺣ-ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﻮﻟ.ﺐﻴﻠﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻴﻨﻗ-

http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com MSN belhaj2007@hotmail.fr http://collab.tice.ma

ﺕﺎﻧﻮـــﻳﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ

Les atomeset les ions I

-ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺑ1ﺓﺍﻮــــــﻧ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﺗ ﺓﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻜﻣ ـ

Noyau

ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﻭ,ﻦﻣ ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﺗ:ﺓﺍﻮﻧ

noyau

ﺻﺃ ﺎﻫﺮﻄﻗ ٬ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻛ ﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺗ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﺘﻛﻭ ﺔﺒﺟﻮﻣ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻨﺤﺷ ٬ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﺗﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺮﻄﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺮﻐﺏ100ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎــﻣ ﺐﻠﻏﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻊﻤﺠﺘﺗ ﻭ ًﺎﺒﻳﺆﻘﺗ ﺓﺮﻣ ﻒﻟﺃ.ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ

électrons

ﺳ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻞﻤﺤﻳﻭ ﺔﻬﺑﺎﺸﺘﻤﺗﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ٬ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺔﺑﺎﺤﺳ ﺔﻧﻮﻜﻣ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺍﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺭﻭﺪﺗ ﺍﺪﺟ ﺓﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻖﺋﺎﻗﺩ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺔﺒﻟﺎ)

-(ﻰﻤﺴﺗﺎﻬﺘﻤﻴﻗ ﺔﻴﺋﺍﺪﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺸﻟﺍ

e=1,6.10 -19C

ﺐﻣﻮﻟﻮﻛ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻬﺗﺪﺣﻭﻭ

coulomb

.ﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﺗ ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣﺬﻟﺎﻬﺗﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺍﻮﻧ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺎﺑ ﺕﺍﺭ.ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺸﻋ ﻊﻀﺒﺑ ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺃ ﺭﺪﻘﺗ1

nm=10-9m

ـﺑ ﻥﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻺﻟ ﺰﻣﺮﻳ

-.ﻦﻴﺑ ﻕﺮﻔﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺐﺠﻳ –

ﻭ.

e- |-e

|ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺗ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺋﺍﺪﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻤﺴﺗ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ

ــــﺣﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺔﻨﺤﺷﻱﻭﺎﺴﺗ ﺪـ –

.ﺓﺍﻮــﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻤﻟﺎﺑ ًﺍﺪـــﺟ ﺓﺮﻴﻐــﺻ ﻥﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ. ﺔﺻﻼـــــــﺧ:ﺰﻣﺮﻧ ﻱﺬــــﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺩﺪﻌﺑ ﺓﺭﺫ ﻞﻛ ﺰﻴﻤﺘﺗ ﻑﺮﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﻪـــﻟ

ﻱﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺩﺪـــﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻤﺴﻳ ﻭ

numéro atomique de l'atome

ﺓﺍﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﺪـــﻋ ﻚﻟﺬـــﻛ ﺰﻴﻤﻳ ﻮـــــﻫ ﻭ.ﻚﻟﻭﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻤﺘﺗ ﻱﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﺪﻋ ﺓﺭﺫ1ﻭ109.2ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺗﺍﻮﻨﻟ ﺔﺒﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﺪــــﻋ ﻥﻻ ﺎﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮـــﻬﻛ ﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﺘﻣ ﺓﺭﺬـﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺬــــﻠﻟ+)

(ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹ ﺔﺒﻟﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻨﺤﺷ ﺩﺪـــﻋ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﻳ)-

(ﻝﺎﺜﻣ:ﺎﻫﺰﻣﺭ ﻰﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﺑﺮـــﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺫ

ﻱﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﺪـــﻋﻭ

Z=6 C

ﺓﺍﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ+ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ=0 +)

Ze) + (-Ze) = 0

ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺩﺪﻋ ﺎﻫﺰﻣﺭ ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻢﺳﺍ)

(ﺐﻣﻮﻟﻮﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻨﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺗﺍﻮﻧ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ

ﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﻭﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹ

O 8 -8e +8e

ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻣﻮﻟﻷﺍ

Al 13 -13e +13e II

ﺕﺎﻧﻮــــــــــﻳﻷﺍ ـ

Les Ions 1

-ﺪﻴﻬﻤﺗ:ﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺍﻮـــﻫ ﻡﻮﻳﺩﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺬﻟ ﻱ11٬1.؟ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺩﺪﻋ ﺎﻣ2.؟ﺓﺍﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻨﺤﺷ ﺩﺪﻋ ﺎﻣ3.ﺐﻣﻮﻟﻮﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﺗﺍﻮﻧ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﻂـــﻋﺃ

ﺔﻴﺋﺍﺪﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﺛ4.ﺏ ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﻂﻋﺃ

ﺏ ﻢﺛ

e. 5

. ﺔﻨﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻣﺍ ﺪﻋﺃ ﺍﺪـــــــــﺣﺍﻭ ﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺪﻘﻓ ﺓﺭﺬــــﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺽﺮﺘﻔﻧ ؟ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤـــﺟﻹﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻩﺬـــﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺌﺳﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻞﻛ ﻦﻋ ﺔﺑﺎـــﺟﻹ. ﺔﻟﺎـــﺤﻟﺍ ﻩﺬـــﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤـــﺟﻹﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﻂــــﻋﺃ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﻭ ﺓﺍﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻥﺭﺎﻗ.ﺐﺴﺘﻜﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺪﻘﻔﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﺓﺭﺬـــﻟﺍ ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ2ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻴﻧﻵﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻧﻮـــﺗﺎﻜﻟﺍ ـ

et les anions Les cations

-ﻥﻮﻴﺗﺎﻛ ﻰﻤﺴﻳ ًﺎﺒﺟﻮــــــــﻣ ُﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺢﺒﺼﺗ ﺮﺜــــﻛﺃ ﻭﺃ ًﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﺭﺬـــﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﺫ ﺪــــﻘﻔﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ.-ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﺫ ﺐﺴﺘﻜﺗ ﺎﻣﺪــﻨﻋ ًﺎﻧﻮـــﻴﻧﺃ ﻰﻤﺴﻳ ًﺎﺒﻟﺎﺳ ًﺎﻧﻮـــــــﻳﺃ ﺢﺒﺼﺗ ﺮﺜـــــﻛﺃ ﻭ ﺃ ًﺎﻧﻭﺮـــﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮـــﻤﺠﻣ.ﻝﺎﺜﻣ:ﻡﻮﻳﺩﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺫ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﺖﻟﻮﺤﺗﻥﻮﻴﺗﺎﻛ

+ﺭﻮﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺫ ٬

ﻥﻮﻴﻧﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺖﻟﻮــﺤﺗ

- ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣ:-ﻦﻋ ﺔﺠﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻭ ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺩﺎـــﺣﺃ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺓﺪــــﺣﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺫ:,

Na+ ,K+ ,O2-,Cl

--ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺑ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻄﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻦﻋ ﺔﺠﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﻷﺍ:ﻞﺜﻣ:

H 3O+,NH3+,NO3-,SO42- ,OH

-ﻥﺃ ًﺎﻤﻠﻋ:

N(Z=7

(ﻭ

O(Z=8

(ﻭ

Al (Z=13

(ﻲﻠﻳﺎﻣ ﺪـــﺟﻭﺃ:ﺏ ﻦﻴﻧﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ

ـﺑ ﻢﺛ

ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺗ ﻦﻴﻧﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻦﻴﻧﻮﻳﻸﻟ ﺓﺍﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﻦﻴﻧﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ:1ﻮﻫ ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻣﻮﻟﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺬﻟ ﻱﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺍ

Z(Al)=13

.ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻈﻟ ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺖﻌﻀﺧ ﻨﺤﺷ ﺎﺒﺟﻮﻣ ﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺖﺤﺒﺻﺃ ﻭ ﺏﺮﻬﻜﺘﻟﺍﻲﻫ ﻪﺘ+3

e 1

. ﻪﺗﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻭ ﺞﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﺰﻣﺭ ﻂﻋﺍ.2.ﻡﻮﻟﻮﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻣﻮﻟﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺫ ﺓﺍﻮﻨﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍﺔﻨﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺐﺴﺣﺍ.3.ﻡﻮﻟﻮﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻣﻮﻟﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺬﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺐﺴﺣﺍ.ﻚﺑﺍﻮﺟ ﻞﻠﻋ.ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺗ2:ﻱﺩﺎﺣﺃ ﻢﺴﺟ ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ

ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﺣﺃ ﺮﺧﺁ ﻢﺴﺟ ﻊﻣ ﻪﻠﻋﺎﻔﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ

ﻮﻫ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻢﺴﺟ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺤﻧ

.ﻢﺴﺟ ﺓﺭﺫ ﻞﻛ ﺪﻘﻔﺗ ﻲﺋﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ءﺎﻨﺛﺃ

ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻦﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ

ﻥﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺩﺪﻋ ﺢﺒﺼﻴﻓ

ﻮﻫ24ﻥﻮﻳﺃ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻭ ﻥﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ

ﻮﻫ18ﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ.1.ﻥﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﻂﻋﺇ

ﻥﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﻭ

B. 2

.ﺓﺭﺫ ﻞﻛ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺔﻨﺤﺷ ﺐﺴﺣﺍ3.ﺫ ﻞﻜﻟ ﻱﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺞﺘﻨﺘﺳﺍﺓﺭ.4.ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﻢﺳﺇ ﻂﻋﺇ

ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﻢﺳﺇ ﻭ

ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺞﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻢﺳﺇ ﻭ

ﻪﺘﻟﺩﺎﻌﻣ ﻭ ﻲﺋﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﺠﺘﻨﺘﺴﻣﻱﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍ:ﺕﺎﻴﻄﻌﻤﻟﺍ:

Z(Cr)=24, Z(Fe)=26, Z(S)=16, Z(Ar)=18 Ar : Aragon, S :Soufre, Fe :Fer

ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻃ

Nature ducourant électrique

-ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ

I 1-1

-ﺓﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ

ELECTRONS LIBRES

:ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗ ﺓﺭﺫ ﻞﻛﻭ ﺐﺗﺮﻣ ﺪﻴﻀﻨﺗ ﻖﻓﻭ ﻡﺎﻈﺘﻧﺎﺑ ﺔﻋﺯﻮﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﺗﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ. ﻪﻴﻓ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻤﻳﻻ ﺚﻴﺣ ﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺓﺍﻮﻧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﺪﺟ ﻮﻫﺎﻣ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺔﻟﻮﻬﺴﺑ: ﺔﻄﺒﺗﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ ﻰﻤﺴﺗ

ELECTRONS LIES

ﺓﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﻐﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ﺔﻟﻮﻬﺴﺑ ﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﺗ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺑﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺋﺍﻮﺸﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺑ ﻙﺮﺤﺘﺗﻭ:ﺓﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ ﻰﻤﺴﺗﻭ

ELECTRONS LIBRRES. . 2-1

-ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻃ. ﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺮﻣ ﻊﺟﺮﻳﺓﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻼﻟ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ.ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻠﻟ ﻲﺣﻼﻄﺻﻻﺍ ﻰﺤﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺲﻛﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﺘﻨﻳ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑﻭ. ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣ:- ﻋ ﺎﻬﺗﺍﺭﺫ ءﺍﻮﺘﺣﺍ ﻡﺪﻌﻟ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺮﻤﺑ ﺢﻤﺴﺗﻻ ﻝﺯﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍﺓﺮﺣ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠ.-ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺎﻤﻠﻛ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻠﻟ ﻪﻠﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﻛﻭ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻠﻬﺳ ﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ ﺔﻛﺮﺣ.ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻳﺍﺰﺗ3-1-ﺕﻼﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺷ

LES SEMI CONDUCTEURS

:ﺕﺎﺒﻛﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻞﺧﺪﺗ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻲﻫ ﺕﻼﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺷ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ)ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺜﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺼﻟﺍ

diode

– ﺘﻟﺍﺭﻮﺘﺳﺰﻧﺍﺮ(...ﻡﻮﻴﺴﻠﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻣ ﻞﺜﻣ

SILICIUM

ﻡﻮﻴﻧﺎﻣﺮﻴﺠﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻣﻭ

GERMANIUM

ﻝﺯﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻭﺎﻘﻣ ﻭ ﺓﺪﻴﺠﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻭﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺡﻭﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﻭﺎﻘﻤﺑ ﺰﻴﻤﺘﺗ.ﻩﺬﻫ ﺺﻗﺎﻨﺘﺗ ﺚﻴﺣﻞﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺷ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻣﻭﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ. ﻴﺤﺑ ﺎﻬﺗﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺎﺑ ﺔﻠﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺷ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﺩﺍﺩﺰﺗﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻢﻫﺎﺴﺗ ﺓﺮﺣ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﺘﻟ ﻞﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺷ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﺕﺎﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺭﺩﺎﻐﺗ ﺚ. ﺔﻴﻠﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻊﻓﺮﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻪﺒﺸﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ)ﻡﻮﻴﺴﻠﻴﺴﻟﺍ( ﺔﻄﺸﻨﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻦﻣ ﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻝﺎﺧﺩﺈﺑ)ﻚﻴﻧﻮﺳﺭﺃ(ﻞﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺷ ﻲﻓ.ﻞﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺷ ﻂﻴﺸﻨﺗ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻰﻤﺴﺗﻭ.

- ﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜ1-2-ﻥﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﺘﺴﻧ ﺔﻠﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ:§ﺺﻟﺎﺨﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻴﻧﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺍﺪﺟ ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﻳ ﻪﻧﻷ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻠﻟ ءﻱﺩﺭ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ

H3O

+ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﻭ

-.§ ﻟﺎﺳ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﻳ ﻪﻧﻷ ءﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻠﻟ ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺢﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺒ)ﺭﻭﺭﻮﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ-

( ﺔﺒﺟﻮﻣ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃﻭ)ﻡﻮﻳﺩﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ

(+ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﻭ ﻡﻮﻴﻧﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ.ﻡﻮﻴﻧﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ ﺔﻠﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻭ

H3O

+ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺍﻭ-

ﺔﺒﻟﺎﺳ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺍﻭ ﺔﺒﺟﻮﻣ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ.2- 2- ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻃ:1-2-2- ﺔﺑﺮﺠﺗ:2-2-2- ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ: ﻆﺣﻼﻧ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻖﻠﺧ ﺪﻨﻋ:•ﺪﻟﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﺐﻟﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺗﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺭﺯﻷﺍ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ.•ﺩﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺗﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺠﺴﻔﻨﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﺪﻟﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﺐﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻤﻟﺍ.3-2-2-ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺳﺍ: ﺔﺒﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﺗ

Cu2

) +ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻴﺗﺎﻜﻟﺍ(ﻰﻤﺴﻳﻭ ﺐﻟﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ ﻮﺤﻧ:ﺩﻮﺗﺎﻜﻟﺍ

CATHODE

ﺔﺒﻟﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﺗ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺑ

MnO4

-)ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻴﻧﻷﺍ(ﻮﺤﻧ ﻰﻤﺴﻳﻭ ﺪﻟﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﺐﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺐﻄﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻻﺍ:ﺩﻮﻧﻷﺍ

ANODE . 4-2-2

- ﺔﺻﻼﺧ: ﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻧﻮﻳﻷ ﺝﻭﺩﺰﻣ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻮﻫ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬ:

ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻠﻟ ﻲﺣﻼﻄﺻﻻﺍ ﻰﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻮﺗﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻮﺤﻧ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻴﺗﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ.

ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻠﻟ ﻲﺣﻼﻄﺻﻻﺍ ﻰﺤﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺲﻛﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻮﻧﻷﺍ ﻮﺤﻧ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻴﻧﻷﺍ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ.

III

- ﺑﺮﻬﻜﻠﻟ ﺺﻟﺎﺨﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺻﻮﻣءﺎ:1-3- ﺔﺑﺮﺠﺗ:2-3- ﺔﻠﻴﺼﺣ:ﻱﻮﺘﺤﻳ ﻪﻧﻷ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻠﻟ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ءﻱﺩﺭ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺺﻟﺎﺨﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻴﻧﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ

H3O

+ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃﻭ-

ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺌﻳﺰﺠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺑ ﺍﺪﺟ ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ﺎﻫﺩﺪﻋ. ﻪﺗﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻠﻟ ﺺﻟﺎﺨﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻊﻔﺗﺮﺗﻭ.ﻦﻳﺭﺎﻤﺗ: ﺔﺑﺮﺠﺘﻟﺍ ﺰﺠﻨﻧ ﺮﻳﺪﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﺰﻠﻔﺑ ﺱﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺤﻴﻔﺻ ءﻼﻄﻟ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ:1.ﺮﻳﺪﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺭﻮﻠﻛ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ ﻂﻋﺇ.2. ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺒﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻧﻭﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻞﻛ ﻢﺳﺇ ﻂﻋﺇ3.ﺓﺪﻤﻟ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺮﻣ ﺪﻌﺑ3ﻊﺿﻮﺘﺗ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺳ2

ﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﻴﻔﺼﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻳﺪﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺤﻨ.ﺐﺴﺣﺃ ﺓﺪﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻌﺿﻮﺘﻤﻟﺍﺮﻳﺪﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻣ ﻢﺠﺣ3ﻲﻫ ﺮﻳﺪﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﺠﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺳ:

lSn=7,3g/cm3 http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com MSNbelhaj2007@hotmail.fr http://collab.tice.ma http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com MSN belhaj2007@hotmail.fr http://collab.tice.ma

ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺴﻛﺃ

Oxydation des métaux I

-ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻣﻮﻟﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺴﻛﺃ

OXYDATION DU FER ET D’ALUMINIUM : 1-1

-ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﻃﺮﻟﺍ:ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ﺃﺪﺻ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺭﻮﺒﻨﺼﻟﺍ ءﺎﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺃﺪﺻ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺢﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺜﻜﺑ ﺃﺪﺻ ﻥﻮﻜﺗﻰﻠﻐﻣ ءﺎﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻊﺿﻮﺗ ﻱﺃ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ ءﺎﻣ ﻲﻓ- ﺔﺻﻼﺧ:ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﻃﺮﻟﺍ ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﺃ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛ ﺮﺛﺆﻳ

ﻰﻤﺴﺗ ﺔﻨﻛﺍﺩ ءﺍﺮﻤﺣ ﺔﻘﺒﻄﺑ ﻲﺴﺘﻜﻴﻓﺃﺪﺼﻟﺍ

ROUILLE

ﺔﻴﻣﺎﺴﻣ ﺓﺩﺎﻣ ﻮﻫ ﻭ

Poreuse

,ﺎﺌﻴﺸﻓ ﺎﺌﻴﺷ ﻞﻛﺂﺘﻳ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﺠﻳ ﺎﻤﻣ ﺚﻴﺜﻔﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻭ ءﺍﻮﻬﻠﻟ ﺓﺬﻔﻨﻣ)ﺖﺤﻟﺍ. (ﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺎﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﺗ ﺚﻴﺣﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛ

III

ﺔﻐﻴﺼﻟﺍ ﻱﺫ

Fe2O3

ﺔﻠﻴﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺐﺴﺣ:4

Fe+3O22 Fe2O3

ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺴﻛﺃ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺗ ﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﻷﺍ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛﻭ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﺴﻧ ﻭ.ﺖﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻗﻮﻟ)ﻞﻛﺂﺘﻟﺍ( ﺔﻤﻴﺘﻛ ﺓﺩﺎﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻘﺒﻄﺑ ﻰﺴﻜﻳ,ﻞﺜﻣ ءﺍﻮﻬﻠﻟ ﺓﺬﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ: – ﺔﻏﺎﺒﺼﻟﺍ –ﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺮﺛﺆﻳ ﻻ ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﺑ ءﻼﻄﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺪﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﻭ ﻚﻧﺰﻟﺎﻛ ءﺍ ﻞﻜﻴﻨﻟﺍ. ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻣ ﺐﺴﻧ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻯﺮﺧﺍ ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﺑ ﻂﻠﺨﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻞﻛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﺿ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺔﻣﻭﺎﻘﻣ ﺏﺎﺴﺘﻛﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻠﻟ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﺎﻤﻛ)ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺷﺍ.(ﻝﺎﺜﻣ:ﺪﺴﻛﺎﺘﻠﻟ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺩﻻﻮﻔﻟﺍ

INOX

ﺪﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ;73%ﻡﻭﺮﻜﻟﺍ;18%ﻞﻜﻴﻨﻟﺍ;8%ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ1.%2-1-ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ

ﻣﻮﻟﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﻃﺮﻟﺍ ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍﻡﻮﻴﻨﻤﻟﻷﺍ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺗ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﻡﻮﻴﻨ

ﺔﻴﺤﻄﺳ ﺔﻘﺒﻃ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺐﻃﺮﻟﺍ ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﺃ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛ ﻊﻣ,ﺖﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻤﻟﻷﺍ ﺰﻠﻓ ﻲﻤﺤﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ءﺍﻮﻬﻠﻟ ﺓﺬﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻀﻴﺑﻭ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺭ

Corrosion

) ﺔﻘﻤﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺴﻛﻷﺍ(ﻰﻤﺴﺗﻭ:ﻦﻴﻣﻮﻟﻷﺍ

ALUMINE

ﺔﻐﻴﺼﻟﺍ ﻱﺫ ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻤﻟﻷﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺎﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﺗ

Al2O3

. ﺔﻠﻴﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺐﺴﺣ4

Al + 3 O2 2 Al2O3

ﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﻷﺍ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛ ﻊﻣ ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻤﻟﻷﺍ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺗ ﻲﻤﺴﻧﻭ:ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻤﻟﻷﺍ ﺓﺪﺴﻛﺃ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺗ. ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣ: ﺢﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺃﺪﺼﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ ﺪﻳﺍﺰﺘﺗ.

-ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ:

COMBUSTION DE QUELQUES METAUX

ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ:ﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻤﻟﻷﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍﻚﻠﺳ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﺤﺴﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺳ ﺱ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺱﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﺤﺴﻣ ﺱﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺳ ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻤﻟﻷﺍ ﻕﻮﺤﺴﻣ ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻤﻟﻷﺍ-ﻝﺎﻌﺘﺷﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺞﻫﻮﺗ- ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻣﺭ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺭ ﺔﻘﺒﻃ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ.-ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻣﺭ ﺔﺒﻠﺻ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺒﺣ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻘﺴﺗ ﺔﺠﻫﻮﺘﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﺷ-ﻊﻨﻤﻳ ﻦﻴﻣﻮﻟﻷﺍ ﻥﻷ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺐﻬﻠﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﻄﻠﻟ ﺭﺎﻬﺼﻧﺍ ﻳﺮﺠﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍﻥﺎ- ﺔﺠﻫﻮﺘﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﺷ-ﻦﻴﻣﻮﻟﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻤﻟﻷﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ ﻰﻤﺴﻳ ﺾﻴﺑﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﻏ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ.-ﺞﻫﻮﺗ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ.-ﺐﻬﻠﻟﺎﺑ ﻚﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻮﻣ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻦﻛﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺮﻤﺣﻷﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻞﻴﻤﺗ ءﺍﺩﻮﺳ ﺔﻘﺒﻃ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ.-ﺮﻀﺧﺃ ﺐﻬﻟ.-ﻰﻤﺴﻳ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺩﻮﺳﺃ ﻕﻮﺤﺴﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺱﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ

.ﻲﺴﻴﻃﺎﻨﻐﻤﻟﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﺞﺗﺎﻧ) (

Fe3O4

ﻡﻮﻴﻨﻤﻟﻷﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ)

Al2O3

(ﺱﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ)

CuO ) II

ﺔﻠﻴﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ3

Fe + 4O2 Fe3O4 4 Al+ 3 O2 2Al2O3 2Cu+ O2 2 CuO 2-2

- ﺔﺻﻼﺧ:ﺫ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻳ ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﻭﺃ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛ ﻭ ﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﻤﻴﻛ ﺕﻼﻋﺎﻔﺗ ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍﺕﻼﻋﺎﻔﺗ ﺕﻼﻋﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻰﻤﺴﺗ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺬﺑ ﺰﻠﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭ ﺓﺪﺴﻛﺃ. ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻭ ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺗ:ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺗ3ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ127

ﺎﻨﻴﻄﻌﻳ ﺱﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ159

ﺱﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺃ ﻝﻭﺃ ﻢﺴﺟ ﻦﻣ.1.ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﺍﺬﻬﻟ ﺔﺠﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﻷﺍ ﻦﻴﻋ.2. ﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺐﺘﻛﺍﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﻹﺍ ﺍﺬﻬﻟ ﺔﻧﺯﺍﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴ. 3.ﺱﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻛ ﺐﺴﺣﺍ.4.ﻮﻫ ﻡﺯﻼﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺯﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻤﻠﻋ ﺍﺫﺇ

L 22,4

ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﺍﺬﻬﻟ ﻱﺭﻭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ ﺐﺴﺣﺍ.5.

http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com MSN belhaj2007@hotmail.fr http://collab.tice.ma 6. http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com MSN belhaj2007@hotmail.fr http://collab.tice.ma 7. http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com MSN belhaj2007@hotmail.fr http://collab.tice.ma

ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ

Combustion des matériauxorganiques I

–ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ:1-1-ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ:ﻲﺗﺎﺒﻧ ﻞﺻﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ)ﻦﻄﻗ –ﺐﺸﺧ –ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻁﺎﻄﻣ –ﻝﻭﺮﺘﺑ( . . .ﻲﻧﺍﻮﻴﺣ ﻭﺃ)ﻑﻮﺼﻟﺍ –ﺪﻠﺠﻟﺍ –ﺝﺎﻌﻟﺍ –ﺮﻳﺮﺤﻟﺍ( . . . .ﻥﻮﻜﺘﺗ ﺚﻴﺣ ﺃ ﻭ ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻭ ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺩ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﺗﺎﺌﻳﺰﺟﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﻷﺎﻛ ﺕﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﻉﺍﻮﻧ

ﺭﻮﻠﻜﻟﺍﻭ

ﺕﻭﺯﻻﺍ ﻭ

ﺔﻔﻴﻌﺿ ﺐﺴﻨﺑ ﻦﻜﻟﻭ.2-1-ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺭﻮﻟﺍ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ: ﻆﺣﻼﻧ ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺭﻮﻟﺍ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ:§ءﻲﻀﻣ ﺮﻔﺻﺃ ﺐﻬﻟ ﺭﻮﻬﻇ. §ﺓﺭﻭﺭﺎﻘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺐﻧﺍﻮﺠﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻄﻗ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ.§ﺩﻮﺳﺃ ﻥﺎﺧﺩ ﺙﺎﻌﺒﻧﺍ.§ ﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻴﺠﻟﺍ ءﺎﻣ ﺮﻜﻌﺗﺓﺭﻭﺭﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻪﺘ.ﻕﺭﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻋﺎﻔﺘﻤﻟﺍ-ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﺗﺍﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﻷﺍ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛ)ﺯﺎﻏ(-ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛ –ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ-ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ-ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺞﺗﺍﻮﻧ ﺮﺧﺃ ﺞﺗﺍﻮﻧﻭ ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍﻭ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺨﺑﻭ ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻳﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺤﻠﻟ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺎﺑ ﺎﺑﻮﺤﺼﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺭﻮﻠﻟ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﻻﺍﺎﺑﻭ ﻯﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﻳ ﻕﺭﻮﻟﺎﻓ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟ. ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻕﺭﻮﻟﺍ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺮﺒﻌﻧﻭ ﻲﻠﻳ ﺎﻤﺑ: ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣ:- ﺔﻐﻴﺼﻟﺍ ﻱﺫ ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ ﻱﺩﺎﺣﺃ ﺯﺎﻏ ﻕﺭﻮﻟﺍ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﻳ

ﻡﺎﺳ ﺯﺎﻏ ﻮﻫﻭ, ﺔﺤﺋﺍﺮﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻢﻳﺪﻋ.-ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ)ﺩﺎﻣﺮﻟﺍ( ﺒﻛﺮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺎﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﺗﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﻼﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﻣ ﺕﺎ.3-1-ﻲﻓ ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ: ﺔﻴﻜﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻄﻘﻟﺍ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻆﺣﻼﻧ:

ﺩﻮﺳﺃ ﻥﺎﺧﺩ ﺪﻋﺎﺼﺗ.

ﺔﻴﻜﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻄﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺒﻬﺘﻠﻣ ءﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﻂﻗﺎﺴﺗ.

ﺓﺭﻭﺭﺎﻘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺐﻧﺍﻮﺠﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻄﻗ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ.

ﺭﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻴﺠﻟﺍ ءﺎﻣ ﺮﻜﻌﺗﺓﺭﻭ.ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﺘﺴﻧ ﺎﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻳ ءﺍﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ: ﻠﻋﻭ ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺌﻳﺰﺟ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺪﻳ ﺎﻤﻣ ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛﻭ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺨﺑﺕﻭﺯﻷﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻰ

ﺭﻮﻠﻜﻟﺍﻭ

ﺖﻳﺮﺒﻜﻟﺍﻭ

ﺔﻔﻴﻌﺿ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺑ ﻦﻜﻟ.-

ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﺭﺎﻄﺧﺃ ﺯﺍﺮﺑﺇ:ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻣﺎﺳ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻏ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﺗ ﺚﻴﺣ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺮﻄﺧ ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ:§ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ ﻱﺩﺎﺣﺃ

ﻭ ﺍﺪﺟ ﻡﺎﺳ ﻭ ﺔﺤﺋﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻢﻳﺪﻋ ﺯﺎﻏ ﻮﻫﻭﻞﻘﻧ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻌﻨﻤﻳﻭ ﻡﺪﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺼﺨﻟ ءﺍﺮﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻖﺼﺘﻠﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ﺖﻴﻤﻣﺐﻠﻘﻟﺍ ﻭ ﻍﺎﻣﺪﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﻷﺍ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛ. ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺕﺎﻗﺍﺮﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻳ ﻭ.§ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛ

CO2

ﺔﻣﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﻣﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ.§ﺭﻭﺭﻮﻠﻛ ﺯﺎﻏ ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ

HCl

ﻞﻴﻨﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺭﻮﻠﻛ ﻲﻟﻮﺑ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ)

P . V . C

. (§ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻬﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﻧﺎﻴﺳ ﺯﺎﻏ

Cyanure d’hydrogène

ﻪﻐﻴﺻ

HCN

ﺪﻴﻣﺃ ﻲﻟﻮﺒﻟﺍ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ)ﻥﻮﻠﻴﻨﻟﺍ. (§ﺪﻴﺴﻛﺃ ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺛ ﺯﺎﻏ ﺖﻳﺮﺒﻜﻟﺍ

SO2

ﺮﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ

Polyester

ﻕﺎﻨﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺒﺒﺴﺘﻣ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﻺﻟ ﻲﺴﻔﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﻢﺟﺎﻬﻳ ﺯﺎﻏ ﻮﻫ ﻭ.ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺗ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻘﻧ ﻞﺣﺍﺮﻣ:ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻤﻠﻋ ﺍﺫﺇ12

ﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣﺎﻨﻴﻄﻌﺗ ﺎﻬﻗﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻥ44

ﺯﺎﻏ ﻦﻣﺮﻴﺠﻟﺍ ﺮﻜﻌﻳ.1.ﺞﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺯﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﻢﺳﺍ ﻂﻋﺍ.2.ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻉﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻢﺳﺍ ﻂﻋﺍ.3.ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﺍﺬﻬﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺐﺘﻛﺍ.4.ﻲﻫ ﺔﻗﺮﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻛ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺞﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺯﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻛ ﺐﺴﺣﺍ1

ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺗ2ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺎﺠﺷﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﺼﻏﺃ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗ80%ﻦﻣ ﺍﻮﻣﻭ ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻋ ﺩ2%ﻭ ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﻣ ﺡﻼﻣﺃ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ15%ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ.ﻦﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ50%ﻭ ﻥﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻦﻣ43%ﻭ ﻦﻴﺠﺴﻛﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻦﻣ6%ﻭ ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻦﻣ1%ﺕﻭﺯﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻦﻣ.1.ﺩﺎﻣﺭ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻝﻮﺤﺘﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻋ ﺭﺎﺠﺷﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﺼﻏﺃ ﻕﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺪﻌﺑ.2. ﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻛ ﺐﺴﺣﺃﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻮ1

ﺭﺎﺠﺷﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﺼﻏﺃ ﻦﻣ.3.ﺭﺎﺠﺷﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﺼﻏﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺯﻮﻣﺭ ﻂﻋﺍ.4.ﻦﻋ ﺔﺠﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺨﺑ ﺔﻠﺘﻛ ﺐﺴﺣﺍ ﻦﻴﺨﺴﺗ1

ﺎﻬﻗﺍﺮﺘﺣﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺭﺎﺠﺷﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﺼﻏﺃ ﻦﻣ.

http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com MSN belhaj2007@hotmail.fr http://collab.tice.ma http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com

ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻀﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ

Les solutions acides et lessolutions basiques I

-ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ

PH Notion de PH : 1-1

-ﺯﺎﻬﺟ"

-ﺮﺘﻣ: "ﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺼﻋ ﺐﻴﻠﺤﻟﺍ ﺺﻟﺎﺧ ءﺎﻣ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻞﺨﻟﺍ ﺢﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻝﺎﻘﺗ

H P 7,04 6,84 3,84 7 3

ﺔﻤﻴﻗ

ﺓﺪﺣﻭ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻲﻫ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ,ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﻮﺼﺤﻣ0ﻭ14ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺿﻮﻤﺣ ﺰﻴﻤﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ. +

H 2-1

-ﻕﺭﻭ:

ﻕﺭﻭ

ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺎﻧﺍﻮﻟﺃ ﺬﺧﺄﺗ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻣ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﺑ ﺏﺮﺸﻣ ﻕﺭﻭ ﻦﻣ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﻦﻋ ﻉ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋﻮﻧ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻊﺿﻮﺗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻋ.ﻢﻗﺭ ﻥﻮﻟ ﻞﻛ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻳﻭ)ﺩﺪﻋ(ﻕﺭﻭ ﺔﺒﻠﻋ ﺮﻬﻇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ

ﻢﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻰﻤﺴﻳ)ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺍ: ( ﺔﻤﻴﻗ

ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ.

– ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﻨﺼﺗ

CLASSIFICATION DESSOLUTIONS AQUEUSES : 2

-ﻕﺭﻭ ﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﺔﻴﺒﻳﺮﺠﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻒﻨﺼﺗﻑﺎﻨﺻﺃ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ:

ﺔﻴﻀﻤﺣ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻣ

Solutions acides

ﺎﻬﻟ

ﻦﻣ ﺮﻐﺻﺃ7.

ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻣﺓﺪﻳﺎﺤﻣ

Solutions neutres

ﺎﻬﻟ

ﻱﻭﺎﺴﻳ7.

ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻣ

Solutions basiques

ﺎﻬﻟ

ﻦﻣ ﺮﺒﻛﺃ7.2 –2- ﺔﻗﻼﻋ

ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻊﻣ

+ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺩﺪﻋﻭ:

OH- 1-2-2

-ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓﺓﺪﻳﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ: ﻟﺍ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﻳﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺺﻟﺎﺨﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤ

+ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃﻭ

-ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺌﻳﺰﺟ ﻚﻜﻔﺗ ﻦﻋ ﺖﺠﺘﻧ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ

H2O

ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻳﻷﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺐﺴﺣ

H2O H+ + OH

-:ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺩﺪﻋ

+ﺩﺪﻋ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﻳﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ

-ﺓﺪﻳﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ

n(H+) = n(OH- 2 -2 – 2

- ﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻀﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎ:

ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺑ ﻲﺋﺎﻣ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺔﻴﻀﻤﺣ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﺗ

+ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺩﺪﻋ ﺚﻴﺣ

+ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻕﻮﻔﻳﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ:

OH-n( OH

-(>

n( H+ ) . v

ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺪﻳﺍﺰﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺺﻟﺎﺨﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﻲﻀﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﻔﺨﺗ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ

ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ.

ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺪﻳﺍﺰﺘﺗ

ﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺿﻮﻤﺣ ﺺﻗﺎﻨﺗ ﻊﻣﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﺲﻜﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﻮﻠ.3-2-2- ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ: ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺑ ﻲﺋﺎﻣ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺗ ﻁ

-ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺩﺪﻋ ﺚﻴﺣ

-ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﻮﻳﺃ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻕﻮﻔﻳ

H+ : n( H

( +>

n( OH

-.( ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺺﻗﺎﻨﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺺﻟﺎﺨﻟﺍ ءﺎﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﻱﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﻔﺨﺗ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﻁ

ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ. ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺪﻳﺍﺰﺘﺗ ﻁ

ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﺲﻜﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺪﻳﺍﺰﺗ ﻊﻣ.ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺗ:ﺍﺩﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺮﻴﺠﻟﺍ ءﺎﻣ ﺢﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺺﻟﺎﺧ ءﺎﻣ ﻞﺨﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺭﻮﻠﻛ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ

Ph 2 3 7 7 10 12 1

-ﻩﺬﻫ ﻒﻨﺻﻢﻴﻗ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ

PH . 2

- ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺮﺜﻛﻷﻻﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺿﻮﻤﺣ ﺮﺜﻛﻷﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﺣ.

III

- ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻀﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ ءﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻃﺎﻴﺘﺣﻻﺍ: ﺔﺗﺎﺣ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻀﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ

PRODUITSCORROSIFS

ﺍﺪﺟ ﺓﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺎﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺮﻄﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ

TROP CONCENTREE

ﺎﻬﻟﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻗﻭ ﺕﺎﻃﺎﻴﺘﺣﺍ ﺫﺎﺨﺗﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﺘﻳ ﻚﻟﺬﻟﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺯﻮﻣﺭ ﻝﻮﻟﺪﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻻﺎﺑﺎﻬﺒﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺤﺗ

ﻦﻴﻨﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻢﻔﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺪﻠﺠﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻱﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻀﻤﺣ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟ ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺱﺎﻤﺗ ﻱﺃ ﺐﻨﺠﺗ.

ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺚﻌﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺧﺪﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﺸﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﺐﻨﺠﺗ.

ﺝﺰﻤﻠﻟ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﺻﺍﻮﺧ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺝﺰﻣ ﻡﺪﻋ.

ﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﺻ ﻡﺪﻋﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺓﺰﻛﻞﺴﻐﻟﺍ ﺽﻮﺣ ﻲﻓ.ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺗ: ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻥﺃ ﺖﻤﻠﻋ ﺍﺫﺇ

ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﻊﻔﺗﺮﺗ ﻲﻀﻤﺣﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ1ﺏ ﻪﻔﻔﺨﻧ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ10ﺕﺍﺮﻣ.1ﺐﺴﺣﺃ ـ

ﺔﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ90

ﻰﻟﺇ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ10

ﻭﺫ ﻲﻀﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ

pH=2. 2

ـﺐﺴﺣﺃ

ﺔﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ990

ﻰﻟﺇ ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ10

ﻪﻟ ﻲﻀﻤﺣ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻦﻣ

pH=4

.ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺗ2ﺱﺎﻴﻗ

ﻮﻫ ﻚﻳﺭﺪﻳﺭﻮﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺾﻤﺣ ﻝﻮﻠﺨﻣ1,8.ﺱﺎﻴﻗ ﻭ

ـﺍﺩﻮﺼﻟﺍ ـ ﻡﻮﻳﺩﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻫ ﻱﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍﻮﻫ11.1.ﺭﻮﻄﺘﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻒﻴﻀﻧ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻲﻀﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ2.؟ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻲﻤﺴﻧ ﺍﺫﺎﻣ3.ﺭﻮﻄﺘﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ

ﻮﻳﺩﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻫ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ؟ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻒﻴﻀﻧ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻡ4.ﻊﻔﺗﺮﺘﻟ ﻡﻮﻳﺩﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﺴﻛﻭﺭﺪﻴﻫ ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻒﻴﻀﻧ ﻥﺃ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺍﺫﺎﻣ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ

ﻝﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬــــــــــﻫ. ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ –ﻯﻮﻘﻟﺍ

Les actions mécaniques –Les forces I

– ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ1-1-ﻲﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻻﻮﻌﻔﻣ:ﺃ-ﺏ ﺔﺑﺮﺠﺗ-ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺳﺍ:ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ)ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﺗﺎﻧ(ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻒﻨﺻ)

( ﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻱﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻱﺪﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺲﻴﻃﺎﻨﻐﻤﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻤﺗ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﻜﻟﺍ ءﺎﻘﺑﺇ ﺓﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﻂﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻤﺗ ﺾﺑﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻪﻳﻮﺸﺗ ﺾﺑﺎﻨﻟﺍﺝ ﺱﺎﻤﺗ ﺓﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﺮﺣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺓﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺢﻄﺴﻟﺍ ﺪ- ﺔﺻﻼﺧ: ﻪﻴﻟﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻲﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﻌﻳ:

ﻲﻜﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻤﻟﺍ

effet dynamique

: : ﻪﺘﻛﺮﺣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻪﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻣ ﻢﺴﺟ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻖﺒﻄﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ

ﻲﻧﻮﻜﺴﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻤﻟﺍ

effet statique

:ءﺎﻘﺑﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻖﺒﻄﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﻪﻬﻳﻮﺸﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ.2-1- ﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻔﻨﺻ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮ:ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻒﻨﺼﺗ:

ﺱﺎﻤﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ

action de contact

: ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺱﺎﻤﺗ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ.

ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ

action à distance

:ﻥﺎﺳﺎﻤﺘﻳ ﻻ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟﺍ. ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣ:ﻦﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺱﺎﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ:• ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣﺍﺪﺟ ﺓﺮﻴﻐﺻ) ﺔﻴﻄﻘﻧ(ﺎﻌﺿﻮﻤﻣ ﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻰﻤﺴﻳ ﻲﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ

action localisé

•ﺍﺮﻴﺛُُُُُُﺄﺗ ﻰﻤﺴﻳ ﻲﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﻛﺄﺑ ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣ ﺎﻋﺯﻮﻣ

action réparti II

-ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ

Notion de force 1-2

-ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ:ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﺐﺒﺳ ﻞﻛ ﻲﻫ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻲﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻣ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺮﻘﻧ ﻲﺋﺎﻳﺰﻴﻓ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻌﻨﻣ ﻭﺃ ﻪﻠﻜﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻪﺘﻛﺮﺣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻣ ﻢﺴﺟ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ. ﻢﻬﺳ ﻪﻗﻮﻓ ﺮﻴﺒﻛ ﻲﻨﻴﺗﻻ ﻑﺮﺤﺑ ﺎﻬﻟ ﺰﻣﺮﻳ)

F). 2-2

-ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺰﻴﻤﻣ:ﻲﻫ ﺕﺍﺰﻴﻤﻣ ﻊﺑﺭﺃ ﺓﻮﻘﻠﻟ:-ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ

Point d’application

: ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺱﺎﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ.-ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺧ

Ligne d’action

:ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﻩﺎﺠﺗﺍ ﻪﻟﻭ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ.-ﻰﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍ

Sens

ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﻰﺤﻨﻣ ﻮﻫ.-ﺓﺪﺸﻟﺍ

Intensité

:ﻲﻨﻴﺗﻻ ﻑﺮﺤﺑ ﻪﻟ ﺰﻣﺮﻳ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ)

(ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻮﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺗﺪﺣﻭ)

I S

(ﻦﺗﻮﻴﻨﻟﺍ)

Newton

(ﺎﻫﺰﻣﺭ

ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻣﺎﻨﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺱﺎﻘﻳﻭ)

Dynamomètre

. ( ﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛﻝﺎﻤﻌ-ﺖﻴﺒﺜﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻠﺣ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻣﺎﻨﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻴﺒﺜﺗ.- ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﻧﻭﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺗ ﻡﺪﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﺮﺤﻟﺍ ـ ﻂﺒﻀﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺓﻮﻘﻠﻟ ﻖﺒﻄﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻣﺎﻨﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺏﻼﻛ ﻞﺻﻭ.-ﺓءﺍﺮﻗ ﺮﺷﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻋ ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺠﻳﺭﺪﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ.-ﺓﺪﺣﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻋﻮﺒﺘﻣ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ

N . 3-2

-ﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻤﻧ ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺜﻤﺗﻢﻬﺴﺑ ﺓ

Flèche

ﺚﻴﺣ§ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﻪﻠﺻﺃ§ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻂﺧ ﻮﻫ ﻪﻫﺎﺠﺗﺍ§ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﺤﻨﻣ ﻮﻫ ﻩﺎﺤﻨﻣ§ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺷ ﻊﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻳ ﻪﻟﻮﻃ ﻩﺭﺎﺘﺨﻧ ﻢﻠﺳ ﺮﺒﻋ.ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺗ:ﺎﻬﺗﺪﺷ ﺓﻮﻗ ﻖﺒﻄﻧ

F=2,4N

ﻞﻣﺎﺤﺑ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻥﺮﻣ ﻞﺒﺣ ﻰﻠﻋ1-ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺰﻴﻤﻣ ﺩﺪﺣ2-ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻞﺜﻣ2 ـ3- ﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﺮﺟ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻩﺪﻫ ﺩﺮﺠﻟ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻧﺎ: ﺔﺳﻭﺭﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺗ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﻘﺒﻄﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻲﻫ ﺔﺳﻭﺭﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻤﻟﺍ. ﻋﻮﻤﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻘﺒﻄﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﻦﻋ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻮﻫ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﺮﺟ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﺮﺟﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺱﺎﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ءﺎﺼﺣﺈﺑ ﻚﻟﺫﻭ ﺔﺳﻭﺭﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺔ

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