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The Rate of Respiration Conducted by Seeds inDifferent Stages of Germination and at Different TemperaturesPerformed by Kalvin FooLab Partners: Taylor Enoch, Jisoo Han, and Joey DongSubmitted to Mrs. FitzgeraldAP Biology, Period 6December 10, 2008
 
Problem: To determine the rate of the respiration of germinating and non-germinating seeds atfavorable and unfavorable temperatures by quantitatively observing the consumption of O
2
.Background: This experiment is based off of the idea that all living organisms undergo cellular respiration, including plants. Thus, respiration can be represented by the following chemicalequationC
6
H
12
O
6
+ 6O
2
 
→
6CO
2
+ 6H
2
O + energywhere the organism uses stored sugar alongside absorbed oxygen to produce energy. However,the respiration directly ties in to the organism’s ongoing metabolic functions, as a germinatingseed will need greater energy than a non-germinating due to the growth the germinating seed isundergoing while the non-germinating is dormant. The difference between the two is theconditions the peas are exposed to. In the presence of oxygen, water, temperature, and light, the peas that were previously in a state of dormancy, begin to grow, which adds much metabolic processing and a greater need for energy. The pea plant germinates in a dicot fashion,hypogeously. Both forms perform cellular respiration, a baseline metabolic function to produceenergy, but in varying quantities as explained above. Cellular respiration, as performed by the pea plants, is a process in which sugar is broken down oxidatively and converted into ATP,through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and then processing of energy through the electrontransport chain. Theoretically, this process yields about 36-38 molecules of ATP as energystorage instead of having an explosive release of energy, putting it in a usable form for theorganism.In the lab setup used, the most viable part of the equation to measure would be the oxygenconsumption because it would be the easiest to measure using a respirometer that removed
 
gaseous carbon dioxide via precipitation (using KOH, K 
2
CO
3
is a solid created when carbondioxide and potassium hydroxide are combined). So, by quantitatively measuring how much O
2
is consumed by a pea plant, the value can be inserted into the equationPV=nRTwhere P is Pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the Gas Constant (.08206atm L/ mol K) and T is Temperature in Kelvin. This formula is applicable as per Avagadro’s law,which determines that at constant temperature and pressure, 1 mole of gas is the same volume as1 mole of gas of another type. As the goal of the lab is to measure the rate in terms of mL/min,the pea’s use of oxygen pulls dye into the pipet and shows the change in volume. This change,divided by the time span of 5 minutes, provides the rate of oxygen consumption.Data and ObservationsRespirometer (submerged in water bath)
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