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Mobile Telecommunications and Health
Review of the current scientific researchin view of precautionary health protection
April 2000ECOLOG-Institut
Translated
 
 by
 
Andrea
 
Klein
 
 
 
Mobile Telecommunications and Health
Review of the Current Scientific Researchin view of Precautionary Health Protection
Commissioned
 
 by
 
T
‐
Mobil
 
DeTeMobil
 
Deutsche
 
Telekom
 
MobilNet
 
GmbH
 
Authors
 
Dr
 
Kerstin
 
Hennies
 
Dr
 
H.
‐
Peter
 
Neitzke
 
Dr
 
Hartmut
 
Voigt
 
With
 
the
 
support
 
of
 
Dr
 
Gisa
‐
Kahle
 
Anders
 
ECOLOG
‐
Institut
 
für
 
sozial
‐
ökologische
 
Forschung
 
und
 
Bildung
 
gGmbH
 
Nieschlagstrasse
 
26
 
30449
 
Hannover
 
Tel.
 
0511
‐
92456
‐
46
 
Fax
 
0511
‐
92456
‐
48
 
Email
 
mailbox@ecolog
‐
institut.de
 
Hannover,
 
April
 
2000
 
 
iii
Contents
1
 
Introduction
 
1
 
1.1
 
New
 
Technologies
 
and
 
Precautionary
 
Health
 
Protection
 
1
 
1.2
 
Terms
 
of
 
Reference
 
and
 
Structure
 
of
 
the
 
Review
 
3
 
2
 
Collating
 
and
 
Interpreting
 
the
 
Scientific
 
Data
 
(Methodology)
 
5
 
2.1
 
Criteria
 
for
 
the
 
Selection
 
of
 
Papers
 
5
 
2.2
 
Assessment
 
Criteria
 
5
 
3
 
Primary
 
Reciprocal
 
Effects
 
between
 
High
 
Frequency
 
Electromagnetic
 
Fields
 
and
 
Biological
 
Systems
 
(Biophysical
 
and
 
Biochemical
 
Processes)
 
8
 
3.1
 
Thermal
 
Effects
 
8
 
3.1.1
 
Effects
 
of
 
Homogenous
 
Warming
 
8
 
3.1.2
 
Microthermal
 
Effects
 
8
 
3.2
 
Direct
 
Field
 
Effects
 
9
 
3.2.1
 
Effects
 
from
 
the
 
Electrical
 
Component
 
of
 
the
 
Electromagnetic
 
Field
 
9
 
3.2.2
 
Effects
 
from
 
the
 
Magnetic
 
Component
 
of
 
the
 
Electromagnetic
 
Field
 
10
 
3.3
 
Quantum
 
Effects
 
10
 
3.4
 
Other
 
Effects
 
10
 
3.5
 
Particular
 
Properties
 
of
 
Pulsed
 
Electromagnetic
 
Fields
 
11
 
4
 
Biological
 
Primary
 
Effects
 
of
 
High
 
Frequency
 
Electromagnetic
 
Fields
 
Effects
 
on
 
Cellular
 
Level
 
12
 
4.1
 
Gene
 
Toxicity
 
12
 
4.2
 
Cellular
 
Processes
 
13
 
4.2.1
 
Gene
‐
Transcription
 
and
 
Gene
‐
Translation
 
13
 
4.2.2
 
Membrane
 
Function
 
14
 
4.2.3
 
Signal
 
Transduction
 
14
 
4.2.4
 
Cell
 
Cycle
 
16
 
4.3
 
Cell
 
Transformation
 
and
 
Cell
 
Proliferation
 
16
 
4.3.1
 
Cell
 
Transformation
 
17
 
4.3.2
 
Cell
 
Communication
 
17
 
4.3.3
 
Cell
 
Proliferation
 
17
 
5
 
Patho
‐
Physiological
 
Effects
 
19
 
5.1
 
Immune
 
System
 
19
 
5.2
 
Central
 
Nervous
 
System
 
19
 
5.2.1
 
Blood
 
Brain
 
Barrier
 
19
 
5.2.2
 
Neurotransmitters
 
20
 
5.2.3
 
Electroencephalogram
 
(EEG)
 
20
 
5.2.4
 
Cognitive
 
Functions
 
22
 
5.3
 
Hormone
 
Systems
 
23
 
5.3.1
 
Stress
 
Hormones
 
23
 
5.3.2
 
Melatonin
 
24
 
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