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Bio 104 Notes Chapter 7
This is on chapter 7 photosynthesis, it is a mix of book notes, slides, and c...
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Marta Jokiel - IB Presentations1
Photosynthesis – part 1Photosynthesis – part 1
•State that photosynthesis involves the conversion of lightenergy into chemical energy.•State that light from the Sun is composed of a range of wavelengths (colours).•State that chlorophyll is the main photosynthetic pigment.•Outline the differences in absorption of red, blue andgreen light by chlorophyll.•State that light energy is used to produce ATP, and to splitwater molecules (photolysis) to form oxygen andhydrogen.•State that ATP and hydrogen (derived from photolysis of water) are used to fix carbon dioxide to make organicmolecules.
Marta Jokiel - IB Presentations2
What is photosynthesis?What is photosynthesis?
A typical plants take in carbon dioxide (from the air) andwater (from the soil) and builds these up into sugarsand other complex substances. Oxygen is released asa waste product. The energy in chemical bonds of theraw materials; CO
2
and water is less than the energyin chemical bonds of the products. Therefore thereaction is
endergonicendergonic
and requires an externalsource of free energy. This energy is supplied bysunlight that falls on the plant. The green substance,
chlorophyllchlorophyll
, enables the plant to trap some of lightenergy and use it to make sugars. The process of using sunlight to build up complex substances fromsimpler ones is called
photosynthesisphotosynthesis
.It is a complex process which takes place in a series of small steps. However it can be summarized by thesimple equation.
light and chlorophyll
6CO
2
+12H
2
O C
6
H
12
O
6
+6O
2
+6H
2
O
Carbon dioxide+water glucose+oxygen+water Anyway, photosynthesis is far from being a one-stepreaction.
Marta Jokiel - IB Presentations3
How light arrivesHow li
ght arrives
The most usual light for photosynthesis is sunlight. Sunlight is whitelight, made of all colours together. Different colours are actuallydifferent wavelengths of light. On one side of the spectrum, you findviolet light with the shortest wavelengths and the most energy, onthe other side red light with the longest wavelength and the leastenergy. To one side of the visible spectrum (shorter wavelength),the electromagnetic variation continues as ultraviolet, X rays, etc. Tothe other side (longer wavelength) we find infrared, radio waves etc.
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Photosynthesis 1
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