Form 5: Chapter 12 (Progressions)

SPM Practice
Fully-Worked Solutions
Paper 1
1 (a) k + 1, k + 5, 2k + 6, A.P.

4 The arithmetic progression 5, 9, 13, has a

common difference of 4.

d = T2 T1 = k + 5 (k + 1) = 4
d = T3 T2 = 2k + 6 (k + 5) = k + 1
Since common difference is always the
same, k + 1 = 4 k = 3

S3 = 57
3
[2a + (3 1)(4)] = 57
2

(b) When k = 3, we have 4, 8, 12,

8
S8 = [2(4) + 7(4)] = 144
2

2 (a)

3
(2a + 8) = 57
2
3a + 12 = 57
a = 15

T4 = 24
ar 3 = 24
81r 3 = 24
24
r3 =
81
8
=
27
2
r=
3

These three terms

are not the first three
terms but any three
consecutive terms with
a common difference
of 4. Therefore, a new
value of a (first term)
has to be determined.

Hence, the three consecutive terms which sum up

to 57 are 15, 19 and 23.
+4

+4

5 Volumes of water in litres:

410, 425, 440,

a
1r
= 81
2
1
3

Volume of water at the end of the 8th day

= T8
= a + 7d
= 410 + 7(15)
= 515 litres

(b) S =

= 243
6 0.848484
= 0.84 + 0.0084 + 0.000084 +
0.84
=
1 0.01
0.84
a
=
S =
0.99
1r
84
=
99
28
=
33

9
3 Since k, 3, , m are four consecutive terms
k
of a geometric progression,
3 m
=
k 9
k
3 mk
=
k 9
mk 2 = 27
27
m= 2
k

40

7 (a) If 3, k, 48 are in an arithmetic progression,

then
k 3 = 48 k
2k = 51
k = 25.5

11 (a)

(b) If 3, k, 48 are in a geometric progression, then

k 48
=
3 k
k 2 = 144
k = 12

(b) The sum of all the terms from the 4th term to
the 23rd term
= S23 S3
23
3
= [2(2) + (23 1)(3)] [2(2) + (3 1)(3)]
2
2
= 805 15
= 790



1 2
= 10
2

14 = 10
a = 40

(b) S = 40 = 80
1
1
2
12 (a) 100y, 50y, 25y, is a geometric
progression.

Sn = 6560
a(r n 1)
= 6560
r 1
n
2(3 1)
= 6560
31
3n 1 = 6560
3n = 6561
3n = 38
n=8
T8 = 3k +1
a + 7d = 3k + 1
a + 7(4) = 3k + 1
a = 3k 27

T3 + T4 = 15
10 + T4 = 15
T4 = 5
ar 3 = 5

9 (a) The common ratio of the geometric

6
progression 2, 6, 18, is = 3.
2

10

2 ar 3
5
:
=
1 ar 2 10
1
r=
2
From 1 :

8 (a) The common difference of the arithmetic

progression 2, 5, 8, is 5 2 = 3.

(b)

T3 = 10
ar 2 = 10

(b)

T2
50y 1
=
=
T1 100y 2
T3 25y 1
=
=
T2 50y 2
T2 T3 1
=
= (a constant), the
Since
T1 T2 2
progression is a geometric progression.

13
1

S8 = 13k + 6
8
(2a + 7d ) = 13k + 6
2
8a + 28d = 13k + 6
8a + 28(4) = 13k + 6
8a = 13k 106 2

T2 T1 = T3 T2
9 (t 2) = 3t 9
9 t + 2 = 3t 9
20 = 4t
t=5
d = 9 (5 2)
=6

14 S =

Substituting 1 into 2 ,
8(3k 27) = 13k 106
24k 216 = 13k 106
11k = 110
k = 10

a
= 50 = 125
1r
3
1
5

12
1
=
24
2
1
h = 6 = 3
2

15 r =

41

16 50, 46, 42, A.P.

17

Tn < 0
50 + (n 1)(4) < 0
50 4n + 4 < 0
4n + 54 < 0
4n < 54
54
n>
4
1
n > 13
2
Hence, the least value of n is 14.

42

S = 30
20
= 30
1r
20
1r=
30
2
1r=
3
1
r=
3

Paper 2
1 (a)

Hence, the 5th triangle has an area of

25 cm2.
h

h
2

b
2

(ii) Sum to infinity,

a
S =
1r
= 6400
1
1
4
1
= 8533 cm2
3

h
4
b
4

T1 = Area of the first triangle

1
= bh
2
T2 = Area of the second triangle

  

1 b h 1
= bh
2 2 2 8
T3 = Area of the third triangle
=

  

1 b h
1
= bh
2 4 4
32
1
bh
8
1
=
=
4
1
bh
2
1
bh
32
1
=
=
4
1
bh
8
=

T2
T1

T3
T2

2 (a) The number of cubes in each storey forms a

geometric progression 1, 4, 16, 64, , where
a = 1 and r = 4.
Tn = 4096
ar n 1 = 4096
1(4)n 1 = 4096
4n 1 = 46
n1=6
n=7
Hence, the height of the model is
7 4 = 28 cm.
(b) S7 =

T2 T3 1
=
= (a constant), the
T1 T2 4
areas of the triangles form a geometric
1
progression with a common ratio of .
4

Hence, the total price of cubes used

= 5461 80
= 436 880 sen
= RM4368.80

Since

(b)

3 (a)

1
(160)(80) = 6400
2
1
T2 = (160)(80) = 1600
8
1
T3 =
(160)(80) = 400
32

(i) T1 =

1 2 2 :

= 25
n1

14

n1

14

From 1 :

1
256

(b)

8
(2a + 7d) = 2440
2
4(2h + 7k) = 2440
2h + 7k = 610 2

n1


1
4

T5 = 320
a + 4d = 320
h + 4k = 320
S8 = 2440

Tn = 25
ar n 1 = 25
6400

1(47 1)
= 5461
41

14

n1=4
n=5
43

k = 30
h + 4(30) = 320
h = 200

Tn (of Epsilon) = Tn (of Sigma)

200 + (n 1)(30) = 160 + (n 1)(35)
200 + 30n 30 = 160 + 35n 35
45 = 5n
n=9

 1.05

5 (a)

4 (a) Let the number of blocks be n.

Total height = 3 m
15n = 300
n = 20

1.05

24 000, 25 200, 26 460, G.P.

T6 = 24 000(1.05)6 1
= RM30 631

(i) The lengths of the blocks,

130, 126, 122, form an arithmetic
progression, where a = 130 and d = 4.

(b)

The length of the top most block is

given by:
T20 = 130 + 19(4)
= 54 cm

Tn > 35 000
24 000 (1.05n 1) > 35 000
35
1.05n 1 >
24
35
(n 1) lg 1.05 > lg
24

Tn = a + (n 1)d

(ii) The total length of all the blocks is given

by:
20
S20 = [2(130) + 19(4)]
2
= 1840 cm
Sn =

n1>

lg 1.05

n 1 > 7.73
n > 8.73
Minimum value of n = 9

n
[2a + (n 1)d]
2

24 000(1.056 1)
1.05 1
= RM163 246

(c) S6 =
(b)

 
35
lg  
24

Tn >
a + (n 1)d >
130 + (n 1)(4) >
4(n 1) >
4n + 4 >
4n >

0
0
0
130
130
134
134
n<
4
1
n < 33
2

Therefore, the biggest integer value of n is 33.

Hence, the maximum total height of the
blocks is 33 15 = 495 cm.

44