IEEE COMSOC PANEL

LTE BACKHAUL CHALLENGES, SMALL CELLS AND THE CRITICAL ROLE OF MICROWAVE
PAUL KENNARD, CTO | AVIAT NETWORKS

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LTE

g Ter

4G
10x f

m Ev oluti on)

aster than QoS, 3G

Low laten All-I cy
P
Low Cost

AVIAT NETWORKS |

LESSONS LEARNED #1

CONSTRUCTION

(not capacity) is key LTE challenge

LTE CAPACITY REQUIREMENTS

Theore&cal Single User Data Rate Down/Up [Mbps] Close 10MHz 43 / 14.4 Medium 28 / 9.5 Far 14 / 4.8

real scenario is 100-150mbps backhaul per 3 sector cellsite

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AND PROPER PLANNING EASES RING CAPACITY DEMANDS

50Mbps

50Mbps

Ring Capacity
50Mbps

300Mbps

Gateway Node

100Mbps

50Mbps

50Mbps

50Mbps

typical overbooking factor for mobile operator = ~3x ring capacity ~100mbps in this case
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Capacity

1 Gbit/s

400 Mbit/s

100 Mbit/s

Cell-Site Capacity

Time

Zone of Capacity Growth Maximum Cell-site Capacity

LTE cannot outstrip microwave capacity to cellsite

BECAUSE MICROWAVE HAS EVOLVED

Strategy 1. More Spectrum (More Hz) 2. More Spectral Efficiency
(More Bits per Hz)

Technique
Multiple channels with link aggregation (incl CCDP) leverage N+0 ACM Higher modulations (512/1024 QAM, ACM) FEC redundancy Header optimization / suppression Payload compression Asymmetrical RF

3. More Effective Throughput

(More Data per Bit)

and is a high capacity transport solution

LESSONS LEARNED #2

MICROWAVE MEETS LTE CAPACITY NEEDS

even for large rings and multi-cellsite links

FUTURE OF LTE BACKHAUL IS:

Small Cells!!!
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HOWEVER, SMALL CELLS WILL CHANGE THE BACKHAUL PARADIGM

1. More sites

higher cost, more complexity

2. Different sites

new technologies
and construction challenges will get far worse
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Wired (ber/cable/dsl) Capacity Site LocaLon / RestricLons Backhaul Distance Latency CAPEX OPEX Spectrum 10Gbps Not available, costly install Long distance but costly us Very high Low N/A

Wireless (LOS) 1-2Gbps LOS Parabolic Depends on frequency. Millimeter wave limited us High (today) Medium Available

Wireless (NLOS) 200+Mbps (shared, may be ok for HSPA) Flexible. NLOS Limited for pt-mpt. Pt-pt ok 5-10ms (ok for HSPA) Low Medium Costly. Unlicensed opLons very risky

meaning none of todays backhaul solutions will suffice

LESSONS LEARNED 3
SMALL CELL NOT SIGNIFICANT MARKET

until backhaul gets cheaper and easier

WHICH MEANS
FUNDAMENTAL INNOVATIONS WILL BE REQUIRED IN FOUNDATIONAL MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY

all in one tiny box... including antenna!

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FEBRUARY 2012

OTHER NEW APPROACHES WILL NEED TO BE CONSIDERED CACHING

DISTRIBUTED INTELLIGENCE

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20 AUGUST 2010

and Microwave Networking solutions will emerge

Security SynchronizaLon Redundancy and ProtecLon

RouLng

ACM, RF opLmizaLons

QoS, Bandwidth management

Integrated, IP Microwave Pla[orm

Others (DPI, caching, CDN, etc)

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Microwave

Dumb Pipe

TO ACHIEVE ALL THIS, WE NEED TO PAY ATTENTION TO WHATS IMPORTANT

AMC Pacer voted worst car of all Lme!

THANK YOU

AVIAT NETWORKS | 20 19 AUGUST 2010