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Real Analysis and Multivariable Calculus: Graduate LevelProblems and Solutions
Igor Yanovsky
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Real Analysis and Multivariable Calculus Igor Yanovsky, 2005 
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Disclaimer:
This handbook is intended to assist graduate students with qualifyingexamination preparation. Please be aware, however, that the handbook might contain,and almost certainly contains, typos as well as incorrect or inaccurate solutions. I cannot be made responsible for any inaccuracies contained in this handbook.
 
Real Analysis and Multivariable Calculus Igor Yanovsky, 2005 
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Contents
1 Countability 52 Unions, Intersections, and Topology of Sets 73 Sequences and Series 94 Notes 13
4.1 Least Upper Bound Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
5 Completeness 146 Compactness 167 Continuity 17
7.1 Continuity and Compactness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
8 Sequences and Series of Functions 19
8.1 Pointwise and Uniform Convergence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .198.2 Normed Vector Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .198.3 Equicontinuity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218.3.1 Arzela-Ascoli Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
9 Connectedness 21
9.1 Relative Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219.2 Connectedness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219.3 Path Connectedness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
10 Baire Category Theorem 2411 Integration 26
11.1 Riemann Integral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2611.2 Existence of Riemann Integral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2711.3 Fundamental Theorem of Calculus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
12 Dierentiation 30
12.1
R
R
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3012.1.1 The Derivative of a Real Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3012.1.2 Rolles Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3012.1.3 Mean Value Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3012.2
R
R
m
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3112.3
R
n
R
m
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3112.3.1 Chain Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3412.3.2 Mean Value Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3512.3.3
∂ ∂x
(
∂f ∂y
) =
∂ ∂y
(
∂f ∂x
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3612.4 Taylor’s Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3712.5 Lagrange Multipliers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
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