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ד"סב
1
םיה ייא
The pasuk says:
תומכחםישנונסרהת הידיב תלואו התיב התנב
:And we know the famous gemara in Sanhedrin (110a):
 תומכחםישנתלואו תלפ ןב ןוא לש ותשא וז התיב התנב חרק לש ותשא וז הנסרהת הדיב
What many people don't know that in the geniza in the attic of the Altneuschul (under a big pile of dust) they found an old ksav yad from before the censorship that says:
תומכח םירמוא םירחאםישנתלואו רתסא וז התיב התנביתשו וז הנסרהת הדיב
.We don't have this girsah so
ינשרד אלא רמוא וניא ךחרכ לעו
!The sefer Atzas Zeresh brings down this girsah and she taanas that it wouldn't makesense because Mishlei was written by Shlomo HaMelech and he was way beforeEsther and Vashti. But the Eitz Govoha wants to be mekayem the girsah and say that just like the gemara in Chulin says
ןינמ הרותה ןמ רתסא
and answers
ריתסא ריתסה
and
ןינמ הרותה ןמ ןמה
and answers
ץעה ןמה
,Shlomo HaMelech also understood
ןינמ הרותה ןמ יתשו
and the answer would be that we all know that Vashti got
תערצ
and by
תערצ
it says
יתשבברעבו
.He goes on to explain the girsah that the Acheirim were bothered by what kind of a
היאר
is it on what 2 different wives do to two different husbands? As long as it is 2different husbands, maybe it's not really the din in the wife, maybe it has more to dowith the husband? (Like we say: It takes 2…) So the Acheirim learn that the reallimud comes from what 2 different wives do to the same husband. We need a mekor of one man with 2 wives, where while he was married to one wife, his life was beingruined, and with the other wife he was very matzliach.And by who do we see this? By Achashverosh! He had two wives – Vashti and Esther  – and you can see that by each wife he was a totally different person. Vashti who all but ruined Achashverosh was mikayem
הנסרהת הדיב תלואו
and Esther whowas metaken Achashverosh was mekayem
תומכחםישנהתיב התנב
.What's the
היאר
?, says the Eitz Govoha - Pashut! As we know, one of the maintests of a man's character is his temperament. This is what the gemara in Eruvin calls
וסעכב
. So what was Achashverosh's temperament when he was married to Vashti?It says:
וב הרעב ותמחו
. He was very short-tempered. But what happened after he married Esther? It says:
הככש ךלמה תמחו
. The king's anger subsided.So we see clearly that Achashverosh had a serious fault while he was married toVashti that totally destroyed his marriage. And when Esther came around, she wasmetaken it, so she is certainly mekayem
תומכחםישנהתיב התנב
.
 
ד"סב
2
םיה ייא
Comes the Imrei Memuchan and points that it's not so pashut. After all,
וסעכ
isonly one out of 3 midos that we have to evaluate. The gemara actually says: 
וסיכבו וסוכבוסעכבו
. Are we sure that Esther was metaken him in all 3?Unfortunately we see by the very first one,
וסוכ
, that not only was Esther notmetaken, she may have made things worse. How do we know? Because by Vashti itsays:
ןייב ךלמה בל בוטכ
. Evidently, when the king drank he could hold hisliquor and he was in a jolly mood. What happened after he married Esther?
ןייה התשממ ותמחב םק ךלמהו
. It doesn't say
ןייה התשמב
 but
ןייה התשממ
. The king arose in anger 
because
of the wine party. It looks likeafter he married Esther, he was even a worse shikkur so we cannot actually say
תומכחםישנהתיב התנב
.Ellah mai, what do we have to say?
בותכה אוביש דע .הז תא הז םישיחכמה םיבותכ ינש ןכו:םהיניב עירכיו ישילשה
Let's see how Esther did with the 3
rd
midda:
וסיכב
. How did Achashverosh handlehis money?Well, what we know from his first marriage is that he was a greedy slob and a crazyspendthrift. Can you imagine such a wild party for 180 days? Looks a bit likeObama's inauguration which cost about $20M just to clean up the Washington DC pedestrian mall. And who do you think pays for all these State parties? That's right – John Q. Taxpayer, that's who!You can bet that Achashverosh piled on the taxes and didn't offer any tax breaks for years to come! And, sure enough, the only time we ever see that Achashveroshlightened up and gave a tax break was 4 years later right after he married Esther. Themegilla tells us this:
השע תונידמל החנהו
. So it seems that Esther wasmetaken Achashverosh both
וסיכבוסעכבו 
so even though she was notmatzliach
וסוכב
she was still metaken him in 2 midos out of 3 and we can truly say
תומכחםישנהתיב התנב
.Comes the Pnei Haman and asks that there is only one problem. It looks like thetikkun of 
וסיכב
didn't last because we see at the end of the megillah, while he isstill married to Esther it says:
ייאו ץראה לע סמ )שרשחא( ךלמה םשיוםיה
And he put a new tax on the land and the "Iyei HaYam". So how can we say thatEsther was metaken Achashverosh when it comes to money?The Megaleh Panim on the Pnei Haman has a gevaldiga pilpul. First he wants toanswer that this tax was a unique mandatory tax. This is because Esther made up withAchashverosh that:
יתשרחה ונרכמנ תוחפשלו םידבעל ולאו
 
ד"סב
3
םיה ייא
Esther was saying that if we would only be sold
דבוע סמל
she would stopnudging him. Thus, Achashverosh had to put on this tax as a pidyon nefesh for Esther and the Jewish people per Esther's request.But this is okay if it's just a nominal tax, but if it is an excessively burdensome tax,then we still see that Achashverosh is a money hungry villain. So which was it? Let'slook. It seems like this tax was a very cruel tax because it was not only levied on theland
ץראה לע
 but it was also levied on the
םיה ייא
. What are the IyeiHayam? They are the islands that are offshore like Isle of Man. This says thatAchashverosh was even taxing everybody who had offshore accounts. Nobody doesthat
הזה ןמזב
so that tax was an unreasonable tax. If so, Esther was not metakenhim
וסיכב
and she does not deserve to be called
תומכחםישנהתנבהתיב
.Says the Megaleh Panim that to answer this we have to say as follows. Why does itsay
םיה ייא
? It should just say
לעץראה
which means on land and
םיבו
which means offshore. That covers everything so why do we need
םיה ייא
? So wehave to say that
םיה
and
םיה ייא
are not the same thing.
םיה
 by itself is"Offshore" and
םיה ייא
is Iyei Offshore. Achashverosh only put the tax on whatwas Iyei-Offshore but he didn't tax what was only Offshore. If you had an offshoreaccount, you weren't taxed.But, asks the Chafui Rosh, isn't it a kal v'chomer? If even what was Iyei-offshore wastaxed, won't we say that kol sheken what was merely Offshore was vadai taxed?So he answers that it depends on whether we say
רשפא ייאמ רשפא ןינד
(Danin Offshore from Iyei-Offshore) or 
רשפא ייאמ רשפא ןינד ןיא
. If wesay
רשפא ייאמ רשפא ןינד
then the tax was even levied on regular offshoreaccounts and we have to admit that Esther was not metaken Achashverosh but if wesay
רשפא ייאמ רשפא ןינד ןיא
then we know that he did not tax the regular offshore accounts and the tax was a necessary tax and Esther's tikkun wasn't lost.So everything is OK if we pasken
רשפא ייאמ רשפא ןינד ןיא
 but if not wehave a problem. This is actually a machlokes in a number of places in Shas. One placeis Yevamos 61b which says as follows:
ש"ב םינב ול שי כ"א אלא היברו הירפמ םדא לטבי אל :'ינתמרכז רמאנש הבקנו רכז םירמוא ה"בו םירכז ינש םירמוא:םארב הבקנו
The gemara explains the machlokes:
השמ ינב ביתכד השממ ןניפלי יאמש תיבד והיימעט יאמתיבו םלוע לש ותיירבמ ןניפלי ללה תיבו רזעילאו םושרגרשפא ייאשמ רשפא ןינד ןיא םלוע לש ותיירבמ יפליל יאמש
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