A Brief History of Mixed Use

Finely mixed use was the norm before the development of modern zoning and land-use practices Such mixed-use commercial and residential areas thrived into the twentieth century, often at intersections and transit stops Modern zoning practices assigned land uses according to function Houses were segregated from commerce, work, and school From the 1910s through the 1950s finely mixed land uses were rare in new developments

In the 1960s and 70s mixed use re-emerged, as a tool for urban revitalization, in large- scale projects referred to among the development community as MXDs (Mixed-use Developments) MXDs were variations on PUDs (Planned Unit Developments)

ULI Definition of Mixed Use (1976) Three or more significant revenue-producing uses Significant functional and physical integration of project components Development in conformance with a coherent plan

Mixed-use Development Today In the 1990s2000s, mixed use emerged as a key component of Transit Oriented Development (TOD), Traditional Neighborhood Development (TND), Livable Communities, and Smart Growth principles

Three Approaches to Mixeduse Development Today Increase intensity of land uses Increase diversity of land uses Integrate segregated uses

Benefits of Mixed Use Activates urban areas during more hours of the day Increases housing options for diverse household types Reduces auto dependence Increases travel options Creates a local sense of place

Mixed-use Scales and Issues Mixed-use may be developed at a range of scales: Mixed-use Buildings Mixed-use Parcels or Sites Mixed-use Walkable or Transit Areas

Mixed-use Development Issues Mixed-use Scales and Issues Intensity of Development and Density Mix of Housing Walkability Transit Access Parking Environment and Open Space

Mixed-use in the Twin Cities Central Business Districts

 Downtown Minneapolis Downtown St. Paul

Urban Commercial Corridors Grand Avenue University Avenue Snelling Avenue Hennepin Avenue Lyndale Avenue Central Avenue Excelsior Boulevard

Urban Neighborhood Centers Uptown Dinkytown Linden Hills St. Anthony Village Highland Village Cathedral Hill Excelsior & Grand

Neighborhood Transit Corners Sites scattered throughout Minneapolis, St. Paul and some inner-ring suburbs, along former streetcar lines

Suburban Employment Centers

 Centennial Lakes, Edina Centre Pointe, Roseville Opus 2, Minnetonka

Suburban Town Centers The Village, Brooklyn Park Downtown Golden Valley Park Commons, St. Louis Park Heart of the City, Burnsville Arbor Lakes, Maple Grove Downtown Robbinsdale

Transit Centers Southwest Station, Eden Prairie West Ridge Market, Minnetonka Apple Valley Transit Station Burnsville Transit Station Eagan Transit Station Hubbard Marketplace, Robbinsdale Hiawatha LRT stations Uptown Transit Station

Defining Mixed-use Development: Summary Mixed-use has evolvedfrom early twentieth century transit-oriented housing/commercial buildings, through large-scale, auto-oriented multi-use developments, called MXDs, in the 1960s and 70s. Mixeduse today incorporates lessons from the past with contemporary development needs and concerns.

SEJARAH SINGKAT MIXED USE

Awalnya, mixed use muncul sebelum adanya peraturan tentang tata guna lahan. Pada abad 20, beberapa mixed use untuk bangunan komersial dan perumahan berada di persimpangan dan tempat pemberhentian transit (transit stop). Hingga dibuat peraturan zoning penggunaan tata guna lahan yang diatur sesuai dengan fungsinya. Rumah dipisahkan dari area perdagangan, pekerjaan, dan sekolah. Pada 1910-an sampai 1950-an, penggunaan fungsi campuran jarang ditemukan. Tetapi, pada tahun 1960 dan 1970-an mixed use (penggunaan campuran) kembali muncul, sebagai alat dalam revitalisasi perkotaan. Dalam proyek skala besar disebut kalangan komunitas pembangunan atau MXDs (Mixed-use Development). MXDs merupakan variasi dari PUDs (Planned Unit Developments)

DEFINISI MIXED USE (ULI - 1976) Tiga atau lebih yang secara signifikan menghasilkan pendapatan penggunaan Penggabungan antara fungsi dan bentuk fisiknya terintegrasi dalam satu komponen proyek Kesesuaian pembangunan dengan rencana yang koheren

PENGEMBANGAN MIXED-USE SAAT INI Pada tahun 1990-an sampai 2000-an, mixed-use muncul sebagai komponen penting dari Transit Oriented Development (TOD), Traditional Neighborhood Development (TND), Livable Communities, dan Smart Growth Principles.

3 pendekatan untuk pengembangan mixed-use: Meningkatkan intensitas penggunaan lahan Meningkatkan keragaman penggunaan lahan Mengintegrasikan penggunaan terpisah

MANFAAT MIXED-USE: Mengaktifkan daerah perkotaan setiap harinya Meningkatkan pilihan perumahan untuk jenis rumah tangga yang beragam Mengurangi ketergantungan Meningkatkan pilihan perjalanan Menciptakan sense of place secara lokal

Mixed-use dapat dikembangkan di berbagai skala: Mixed-use Buildings

Mixed-use Parcels or Sites

 Mixed-use Walkable or Transit Area

Pokok persoalan Mixed-use: Intensitas Pengembangan dan Kepadatan

Perumahan campuran

Walkability

 Akses Transit

Parkir

Lingkungan dan Ruang Terbuka (Open Space)

Mixed-use in the Twin Cities: 1. Central Business Districts Downtown Minneapolis Downtown St Paul

2. Urban Commercial Corridors Grand Avenue University Avenue Snelling Avenue Hennepin Avenue Lyndale Avenue Central Avenue Excelsior Rue

3. Urban Neighborhood Centers: Uptown Dinky town Linden Hills St Anthony Village Highland Village Cathedral Hill Excelsior & Grand

4. Neighborhood Transit Corners

Situs tersebar di seluruh Minneapolis, St Paul dan beberapa lingkar dalam pinggiran kota, di sepanjang garis trem.

5. Suburban Employment Centers Centennial Lakes, Edina Centre Pointe, Roseville Opus 2, Minnetonka

6. Suburban Town Centers The Village, Brooklyn Park Downtown Golden Valley Park Commons, St Louis Park Heart of the City, Burnsville Arbor Lakes, Maple Grove Downtown Robbinsdale

7. Transit Center: Southwest Station, Eden Prairie Ridge Barat Pasar, Minnetonka Apple Valley Transit Station Burnsville Transit Station Eagan Transit Station Hubbard Marketplace, Robbinsdale Hiawatha LRT Stations Station Uptown Transit

KESIMPULAN Mixed-use telah berkembang dari awal abad-20, yang berorientasi pada perumahan / komersial, melalui skala besar, berorientasi perkembangan banyak fungsi, yang disebut MXDs pada 1960-an dan 70-an.

Saat ini, Mixed-use menggabungkan pelajaran masa lalu dengan kebutuhan dan perhatian pembangunan kontemporer.