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 Autumn Equinox 2007. Volume 12 No. 3
Inside…
Check out our website at: www.wildlandscpr.org 
A Look Down the Trail, by BethanieWalder. Page 2Roads to Infinity, by Ryan Talbott.Pages 3-5DePaving the Way: The Wildland/NewUrbanist Interface, by BethanieWalder. Pages 6-7Odes to Roads: Return of the Hydra, byDavid Lien. Pages 8-9Get with the Program: Restoration, Transportation, & ScienceUpdates. Pages 10-11Field Notes, by Marnie Criley, MoHartmann, and Sarah Olimb.Pages 12-13Regional Reports & Updates. Pages14-15Biblio Notes: The Influence ofSnowmobiles on Air Qualityand Human Health, by AdamSwitalski. Pages 16-18New Resources. Page 19Policy Primer: RS 2477 and NationalForests, by Laurel Hagen. Pages20-21Around the Office, Membership Info.Pages 22-23
oads to Infinity
Oil & Gas Assaults the Allegheny
Troubling images from the Allegheny National Forest.Clockwise from top left: habitat fragmentation from roads;waste barrels; storage tanks; a drill rig. Fragmentation and drill rig photos courtesy of Project Lighthawk; others by Bill Belitskus.— By Ryan Talbott 
 
 The Road-RIPorter, Autumn Equinox 2007
2
© 2007 Wildlands CPR
Wildlands CPR works to protect and restore ildland ecosystems by preventing and removing roads and limiting motorized recreation. We are national clearinghouse and network, providing itizens with tools and strategies to fight road onstruction, deter motorized recreation, and promote road removal and revegetation.
P.O. Box 7516Missoula, MT 59807(406) 543-9551 www.wildlandscpr.org
D rector 
Bethanie Walder 
Development Director 
Tom Petersen 
CommuncatonCoordinator 
ason Kiely 
Restoraton ProgramCoordinator 
Marnie Criley 
Science Coordinator 
Adam Switalski 
Legal Liaison/Agency Training Coordinator 
arah Peters 
Montana State ORV Coordinator 
Adam Rissien 
Program & Membership ssstan 
 
Andrea Manes 
Membership/Web Marketing Associate 
Josh Hurd 
Utah State ORV Coordinator 
Laurel Hagen 
Journal Editor 
Dan Funsch 
Interns & Volunteers 
Carla Abrams, Mike Fiebig, Marlee Ostheimer,Ginny Porter 
Board of Directors 
Amy Atwood, Greg Fishbein, Jim Furnish,illiam Geer, Dave Havlick, Chris Kassar,Rebecca Lloyd, Cara Nelson 
 Is the Tide Finally Turning? 
2007
has been a busy and exciting time for restoration advocates throughoutthe country, with projects and proposals regularly in the news. Wild-lands CPR worked hard, for example, to support increased funding forrestoration in the state of Montana. The final result: 34 million in new funding and a newstate restoration office, housed at the Department of Natural Resources and Conserva-tion. The new state restoration coordinator will distribute $5.7 million for watershedrestoration around the state — we expect this will include road removal.While this was a big step for Montana, restoration projects around the country havebeen receiving millions, even billions, for at least the last decade. Think Everglades, LakeTahoe, Chesapeake Bay…. Those billions are putting a lot of people to work, and they’rerestoring water quality in some very important regions. So what’s so exciting about newrestoration funding this summer? There’s a big focus on roads.In August, the Lake Tahoe project received another 45 million for restoration, someof which will go to stabilize or decommission roads. We also expect funds will pay formonitoring and research on the effectiveness of these road restoration efforts. The stagewas set for this appropriation with the passage of the Lake Tahoe Restoration Act in 2000.(Unfortunately the bulk of the funding came from selling public lands around Las Vegasfor development, and that’s like robbing Peter to pay Paul.)he 30-year effort to restore the Everglades has an estimated price tag of over 10billion. An appropriations bill for some of the upcoming projects includes 375 millionfor hydrologic restoration of the Picayune Strand near Big Cypress National Preserve. Asignificant chunk of this would remove roads from a 1960s scam residential development.The Nature Conservancy now owns the failed development and the roads, which areacting like dikes, must be removed to restore hydrologic flow. This may be the largest ap-propriation for road removal ever proposed. The total Picayune Strand area is 85 squaremiles, and the proposal also includes several other projects.And then there’s the story on page 14 of this issue of
The Riporter 
— a proposed $65million appropriation for road management to restore fish passage on national forestlands. This funding is proposed for the Forest Service, and it emphasizes watershed res-toration through road decommissioning, though funds can also be used to upgrade cul-verts or conduct critical maintenance for fisheries. While this seems like a lot of money,Wildlands CPR previously estimated that it would cost approximately 93 million per yearfor 20 years to meet the Forest Service projection to decommission up to 186,000 miles ofroads on national forest lands. This would be a great start toward that annual 93 million,but unfortunately, it is “one-time” money, so we still need to find ongoing funding for thiswork.onetheless, it seems clear that the tide is turning. Proposals in the current con-gress call for nearly half a billion dollars for watershed restoration through road removal.Decision-makers are finally beginning to understand that not all roads are good, and thatremoving some will restore watershed function, wildland connectivity, and also commu-nity vitality, as this restoration work brings needed jobs. Let’s hope the tide stays in forincreased watershed restoration funding, with an emphasis, of course, on road issues.
 
 The Road-RIPorter, Autumn Equinox 2007
— story continued on next page — 
oads to Infinity
Oil & Gas Assaults the Allegheny
— By Ryan Talbott 
 Bogus Rocks is a few miles northeast of  Marienville in the Allegheny National Forest. Photo by Bill Belitskus.es, this is a Forest Service sign reading “National Fuel Gas Supply Corporation.”  Photo by Bill Belitskus.
 T
cked away in the northwestern corner of Pennsylvania is thetate’s only national forest, the Allegheny National Forest. At513,000 acres, the Allegheny is home to the largest old growthforest in the east between the Adirondacks and Smoky Mountains, twowild and scenic rivers, and the North Country National Scenic Trail. TheAllegheny is within a day’s drive of one-third of the U.S. population and ispart of Governor Rendell’s “Pennsylvania Wilds,” a statewide initiative toboost recreation and tourism in the sparsely populated northern part ofthe state.Unfortunately, the Allegheny has few areas protected from resourceextraction. Just 1.8 percent of the forest is designated Wilderness andabout 4 percent is designated as national recreation area. Worst of all,93 percent of the subsurface mineral rights are privately owned, adding alevel of complexity unheard of in most other national forests.
The Consequence of a Split Estate
y 1923 when the Allegheny was established, the surface and sub-surface estates had already been split, and the federal government didnot acquire the subsurface mineral rights when it purchased the land toestablish the national forest. The tragic results of having such a largeproportion of subsurface rights in private hands have become apparent inrecent years. Today, there are at least 9,000 active oil and gas wells in theAllegheny, more than the other 154 national forests combined. Since 2003,oil and gas drilling has skyrocketed by 1,000 percent, from 202 new wellsdrilled in 2003 to a projected 2,000 new wells in 2007.As a result of this high level of oil and gas drilling, the Alleghenyhas the dubious honor of having as many miles of roads as much largerational forests in the western U.S. Accordingto a 2003 roads analysis, the Allegheny has over2,700 miles of roads, a figure that is undoubtedlyuch higher today given the rate of drilling inecent years. In the Allegheny’s revised forestlan, released this year, the Forest Service failedto disclose how many new roads have beenconstructed, relying instead on the 2003 figure.o this day, the Forest Service has not disclosedow many miles of new oil and gas roads haveeen constructed since 2003 even though theForest Service reviews and approves the opera-tors’ development plans.Given the Allegheny’s relatively small size,this high level of road development translatesinto extremely high road densities, fragmentingabitat for numerous wildlife species includingorthern goshawk, cerulean warbler, timberattlesnake, and wood turtle. For instance, someareas of the forest have road densities exceed-ing 18 mi/mi2, a density that resembles an urbanarea rather than a national forest.
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