List of 618 English Irregular Verbs

A
Base Past Simple Past Participle Definition Form Abode/Abided/Abid To continue Abide Abode/Abided den To reside\live Aby/Ab To make amends for Abought Abought ey something wrong Alight Alit/Alighted Alit/Alighted To get off a bus, train, etc. To originate To get up from horizontal Arise Arose Arisen position, out of bed To come into existence To stop sleeping and Awake Awoke Awoken become conscious

B
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle Backbitten Definition To speak badly about someone To fit new parts into an older machine that Backfit Backfit weren't available when the machine was made To illuminate from Backlit Backlit behind (photography) To stop making Backslid/Backslidd Backslid progress and start en regressing To exist, live or occur. To have as a quality Was/Were Been or a state An auxiliary verb To carry Bore Born/Borne To tolerate To give birth to Beat Beaten To hit repeatedly To come into Became Become existence Bedight/Bedighted Bedight/Bedighted To adorn, decorate Befell Befallen To happen To happen to somebody or

Backbite Backbit

Backfit Backligh t Backslid e Be

Bear Beat Become Bedight Befall

something To cause something Beget Begot/Begat Begotten to happen To procreate Begin Began Begun To start something Begird Begirt/Begirded Begirt To encircle To promise or vow Behight Behight Behight/Behoten To order To become conscious Behold Beheld Beheld of by seeing To secure a boat with Belay Belaid/Belayed Belaid/Belayed a rope To tie up To curve something Bend Bent Bent by distorting its shape To lose a relative Bereave Bereft Bereft/Bereaved through their death To deprive To ask someone very Besought/Beseeche Besought/Beseech Beseech insistently to do d ed something To be restricted and Beset Beset Beset occupied by difficulties To be a signal or symbol of something Bespeak Bespoke Bespoken To set aside or reserve something

Bestrew Bestrewed Bestride Bestrode Bet Betake Bet Betook

Bethink Bethought Beweep Bewept Bid Bid Bid Bade

To ask for To cover a surface by Bestrewed/Bestre throwing things about wn randomly To sit or stand with Bestridden one leg on either side of something To risk money against Bet the result of a future event Betaken To go to a place To think about Bethought something To remind yourself To cry for or over Bewept someone or something To make an offer of Bid money or services Bidden To command or urge

someone to do something To wait for Bide Bided/Bode Bided To tolerate To withstand To tie something with Bind Bound Bound string, or similar, to hold it To cut or hold with Bite Bit Bitten teeth Blaw Blawed Blawn To blow To lose blood through Bleed Bled Bled a cut in the skin Blend Blended/Blent Blended/Blent To mix together To wish or confer Bless Blessed/Blest Blessed/Blest happiness To make holy To move air, wind and Blow Blew Blown gases BottleTo feed a baby with a Bottle-fed Bottle-fed feed bottle Bowstrin Bowstrung/Bowstrin To strangle with the Bowstrung g ged string from a bow To cause something Break Broke Broken to separate into at least two pieces BreastTo feed a baby with Breast-fed Breast-fed feed breast milk To produce animals or plants by Breed Bred Bred controlling their reproduction To carry or convey something to the Bring Brought Brought place where you are going Broadca Broadcast/Broadcas Broadcast/Broadca To transmit radio or st ted sted TV signals To put pressure on Browbea Browbeat/Browbea Browbeat someone or bully t ten them to do something Build Built Built To construct To consume or be Burn Burnt/Burned Burnt/Burned consumed by fire To break something open, usually by Burst Burst Burst internal pressure, such as a balloon with too much air in it Bust Bust Bust To break

Buy

Bought

Bought

To acquire something in exchange for money

C
Base Form Cast Past Simple Cast Past Participle Cast Definition To throw or project something To receive To stop and hold a moving object, Catch Caught Caught usually with your hands To make something unable to escape To cheer and Cheerlead Cheerled Cheerled support a team in an organised group To tell somebody off when they have Chide Chid Chid/Chidden done something wrong Choose Chose Chosen To select To hit your hands together to make a sound to show Clap Clapped/Clapt Clapped/Clapt approval To make a loud noise, like thunder To cut down all Clear-cut Clear-cut Clear-cut trees in an area To separate or divide something, Cleft/Cleaved/Clov Cleave Cleft/Cleaved/Clove often with force en To stick or hold together Claught/Claucht/Cle To grasp or take Cleek Cleeked eked hold of Cleped/Ycleped/Ycl Clepe Cleped To call or name ept To hold on to or to Cling Clung Clung stick to To dress someone Clothe Clad/Clothed Clad/Clothed or provide them with clothes To breed an animal Colorbree Colorbred Colorbred to be of a particular d color

Colorcast Colorcast Come Came

Colorcast Come

Cost Cost-cut

Cost Cost-cut

Cost Cost-cut Counterdrawn Counterlit Cowritten

To broadcast in color To move towards or to arrive at a specified place, time or situation The amount of money required to buy something; it costs five dollars. To redcuce costs or expenditure To copy by tracing To light something directly from opposite sides To write with someone To go down very quickly To move along the ground lying down To feed young animals in a special area that adult animals can't get in To bite its manger and swallow air (of a horse) To thwart or stop something happening by deception To place bass strings on a piano across the treble strings To breed animals or plants of different species, like a mule, which is a crossbreed of a donkey and a horse To move between scenes or stories in a film or narrative To illuminate from different sides, but not directly

Counterdr Counterdrew aw Counterlig Counterlit ht Cowrite Crash-dive Creep Creepfeed Crib-bite Cowrote

Crash-dived/CrashCrash-dived dove Crept Creep-fed Crept Creep-fed

Crib-bit

Crib-bitten

Cross-bite Cross-bit

Cross-bitten

Crossstring

Cross-strung

Cross-strung

Crossbree Crossbred d

Crossbred

Crosscut

Crosscut

Crosscut Crosslit

Crosslight Crosslit

Crow

Crowed/Crew

Crowed

Cut

Cut

Cut

opposite To boast To utter a sound indicating pleasure To break the surface of something with a knife or similar tool

D
Base Form Dare Past Simple Dared/Durst Past Participle Dared Definition To have sufficient courage To have dream-like Daydrea Daydreamt/Daydre Daydreamt/Daydre thoughts when a wake m amt amt To have a fantasy To distribute, Deal Dealt Dealt especially playing cards in games To freeze or store Deepfrozen Deep-froze Deep-frozen freeze To suspend progress or activity To make a hole in the Dig Dug Dug ground Dight Dight/Dighted Dight/Dighted To dictate orders Dispread Dispread Dispread To spread out To prove that Disproven/Disprov Disprove Disproved something is fale or ed wrong To jump head first into Dive Dived/Dove Dived water To fall quickly To perform or carry Do Did Done out To fight in aeroplanes To arrange a fight Dogfight Dogfought Dogfought between dogs for sport To have the ability to Dow Dought/Dowed Dought/Dowed do something To do well To make a picture Draw Drew Drawn using a pen or pencil To see visual images Dream Dreamt/Dreamed Dreamt/Dreamed while sleeping Drink Drank Drunk To consume liquids DripDrip-fed Drip-fed To feed someone with

feed Drive Dwell Drove Dwelt Driven Dwelt

fluids going into the vein To release information very slowly, bit by bit To operate and control a car or other vehicle To reside or live somewhere

E
Base Past Form Simple Eat Ate EndEnd-ran run Engird Engirt Engra Engraved ve Enwin Enwound d Past Participle Eaten Definition To consume solid food To avoid doing something by End-run cheating or deceit Engirt To encircle, encompass Engraved/Engra To carve letters or a pattern into ven the surface of something To make into a coil Enwound To wrap around something

F
Base Form Fall Farebeat Fast-cut Feed Feel Fight Past Simple Fell Farebeat Fast-cut Fed Felt Fought Past Participle Fallen Farebeaten Fast-cut Fed Felt Fought Definition To move downwards or to the ground To avoid paying fares when using public transport To cut quickly from one scene to another in a film To give or supply food To sense by touch To experience an emotion, or sensation To try to hurt or kill someone in combat or war To discover something either by chance or when looking for it To be the correct size, for clothes, etc. (fit/fit/fit) To measure someone for size (fit fit/fitted/ fit/fitted)

Find

Found

Found

Fit

Fit/Fitted

Fit/Fitted

Flashfreeze Flee Fling

Flash-froze Fled Flung

Floodlight Floodlit

Fly Flyblow Forbear Forbid

Flew Flyblew Forbore Forbade/Forbad

Force-feed Force-fed

To freeze food very Flash-frozen rapidly to preserve taste and nutrients To run away in order Fled to find safety To throw or move Flung something suddenly To use powerful lights to illuminate Floodlit something outside at night To move through the Flown air To travel by aeroplane To contaminate by Flyblown laying eggs, the way a fly does Not to use or talk Forborne/Forborn about something Forbidden To prohibit To feed someone who Force-fed refuses or doesn't want to eat

Fordo/Fore Fordid Fordone To ruin or destroy do Forecast/Forecast Forecast/Forecast Forecast To predict the future ed ed To have a feeling before something Forefeel Forefelt Forefelt happens To have a premonition To preceed something Forego Forewent Foregone To go without something To know something Foreknow Foreknew Foreknown beforehand To go before something Forerun Foreran Forerun To show that something is going to happen To predict or see the Foresee Foresaw Foreseen future To show something or Forshowed/Foresh make it known Foreshow Foreshowed own beforehand To foretell Forespeak Forespoke Forespoken To predict To speak of something

Foretell Forget Forgive Forlese Forsake Forswear Fraught

Free-fall

Freeze

Frostbite

beforehand Foretold Foretold To predict the future To be unable to Forgot Forgotten remember something To pardon or stop being angry with Forgave Forgiven someone who has offended you Forlore Forlorn To lose completely To give something up Forsook Forsaken To abandon To make a false Forswore Forsworn promise or oath To stock Fraught/Fraughte Fraught/Fraughted To load a ship, etc d To hire a ship, etc To drop or fall suddenly Free-fell Free-fallen To fall through the air without opening a parachute To make liquids into solids by cold temperatures Froze Frozen To store food below zero degrees centigrade To injure or damage Frostbit Frostbitten part of the body through extreme cold

G
Base Past Past Simple Definition Form Participle Gainsay Gainsaid Gainsaid To contradict or deny To frighten and confuse Gaslit/Gasligh Gaslit/Gasligh Gaslight someone so much that they ted ted think they are going mad Geld Gelded/Gelt Gelded/Gelt To castrate an animal Get Got Got/Gotten To obtain, catch or receive To write for someone else, who Ghostwri Ghostwrote Ghostwritten will put their name as the te author To cover something with a thin Gild Gilt/Gilded Gilt/Gilded layer of gold Gin Gan Gan To begin something To secure or encirle something Gird Girded/Girt Girded/Girt with a belt or bend Give Gave Given To offer something as a present

Gnaw Go Grave Grind Grow

Gnawed Went Graved Ground Grew

Gnawed/Gnaw n

To bite or chew

To cause worry Gone/Been To travel to a place To dig Graven/Grave To carve d To fix in the memory To break something into a Ground powder Grown To increase in size

H
Base Form Hagride Past Simple Hagrode Past Participle Hagridden Definition To torment or cause nightmares To break a horse Halterbre Halterbroke Halterbroken in, to get it used to ak wearing a halter To make things Hamstrin Hamstrung/Hamstri Hamstrung/Hamstri difficult for g nged nged someone doing something HandTo give food by Hand-fed Hand-fed feed hand To control an Hand-ride Hand-rode Hand-ridden animal by hand Handsewn/Handsew Handsew Handsewed To sew by hand ed To write with a pen Handwrit or pencil rather Handwrote Handwritten e than a word processor To suspend from a support To execute Hang Hung/Hanged Hung/Hanged someone by supending them by the neck To possess Have Had Had To do An auxiliary verb To detect or Hear Heard Heard perceive sound To lift something heavy Heave Heaved/Hove Heaved/Hove To throw something heavy Hew Hewed Hewn To cut things into

Hide Hight

Hid Hote/Hight

Hidden Hoten

Hit Hoise Hoist Hold

Hit Hoised/Hoist Hoist/Hoisted Held

Hit Hoised/Hoist Hoist/Hoisted Held

House-sit House-sat Housebre Housebroke ak Hurt Hurt

House-sat

Housebroken

Hurt

pieces To conceal or put something where it cannot be seen To name To promise To command To touch somebody or something with force To hoist or lift To raise or lift using ropes, etc To secure something in your hand To contain To stay in someone's house to look after it while they are away To train an animal to live in a house To cause pain, injury or stress To experience pain, injury or stress

I
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle Definition To produce babies with health problems by sexual relations between close relatives To inhabit To exist as a guiding principle To have as an inherent characteristic To put a different material inside another for decoration, with a flat

Inbreed Inbred

Inbred

Indwell Inhold Inlay

Indwelt Inheld Inlaid

Indwelt Inheld Inlaid

surface To enter data into a Input Input/Inputted Input/Inputted computer To put a picture or Inset Inset Inset graphic inside a lerger one Interblen Interblended/Interb Interblended/Interb To blend things d lent lent together Interbree To mix species or Interbred Interbred d groups sexually To move between different scenes or Intercut Intercut Intercut stories in a film or narrative Intergrav Intergraved/Intergr To carve or engrave Intergraved e aven in alternate sections To place among or Interlay Interlaid Interlaid between things To set among or Interset Interset Interset between things Interwea To join or mix Interwove Interwoven ve together To wind together or InterwindInterwound Interwound intertwine To weave things Inweave Inwove/Inweaved Inwoven/Inweaved together To wrap or coil Inwind Inwound Inwound around

J
Base Past Past Simple Definition Form Participle JerryTo build something cheaply and Jerry-built Jerry-built build badly

K
Base Past Simple Form Keep Kept Past Participle Kept Definition To have possession To make somebody or something stay in a particular place Ken Kent/Kenned Kent/Kenned To know Kneel Knelt/Kneeled Knelt/Kneeled To support yourself on your knees To make clothes such as pullovers Knit Knit/Knitted Knit/Knitted out of wool To be acquainted with Know Knew Known To have correctly in your memory

L
Base Form Lade Past Simple Past Participle Laded Laden/Laded Definition To load (put goods onto) a ship Landslid Landslid/Landsli Landslid/Landsli To win a convincing and e ded ded easy victory in an election To put something in a Lay Laid Laid horizontal position To take someone Lead Led Led somewhere or guide them To be in command To place something at an Lean Leant/Leaned Leant/Leaned incline for support against something Leap Leapt/Leaped Leapt/Leaped To jump Learn Learnt/Learned Learnt/Learned To acquire knowledge Leave Left Left To go out of a place To give somebody money Lend Lent Lent that must be returned Lep Lept Lept To leap To allow something to happen Let Let Let To allow someone to do something To get into or be in a Lie Lay Lain horizontal position Light Lit Lit To make something burn Linebre Breed animals from a Linebred Linebred ed particular family To work out what someone LipLip-Read Lip-Read is saying from the Read movements of their mouth Not to have something Lose Lost Lost because you do not know where it is

M
Base Form Make Past Simple Made Past Participle Made Definition To create or construct something To cause somebody to do something To perform an action To signify To intend To make somebody's acquaintance To be in the same

Mean Meet

Meant Met

Meant Met

Melt

Melted

Molten/Melted Misbecome Miscast Mischosen Miscut Misdealt Misdone Misfallen Misfed

Misbecome Misbecame Miscast Mischoose Miscut Misdeal Misdo Misfall Misfeed Miscast Mischose Miscut Misdealt Misdid Misfell Misfed

Misgive Mishear Mishit Misknow Mislay Mislead Mislearn Misread Missay Missend Misset Misspeak

Misgave Misheard Mishit Misknew Mislaid Misled

Misgiven Misheard Mishit Misknown Mislaid Misled

place as somebody To change from solid into a liquid as the temperature goes up Not to suit To choose the wrong actor for a role To choose wrongly To cut something wrongly or badly To distribute playing cards wrongly in a game To harm or injure To happen unluckily To feed incorrectly To jam printers, photocpiers, etc, by feeding the paper incorrectly To become suspicious or worried To hear something incorrectly To hit a ball badly or inaccurately To have the wrong idea about something To lose or put something where you cannot find it To make someone behave wrongly To deceive

Mislearnt/Mislear Mislearnt/Mislear To learn wrongly ned ned To read something Misread Misread incorrectly To say something incorrectly Missaid Missaid To talk badly about someone To send to the wrong Missent Missent place or person To set or place Misset Misset wrongly or incorrectly Misspoke Misspoken To say or pronounce something wrongly To say something

Misspell Misspend Misswear Mistake Misteach Mistell Misthink

that is incorrect or inaccurate To write a word Misspelt/Misspell Misspelt/Misspell without using the ed ed correct letters To waste time or Misspent Misspent money To swear or make an Misswore Missworn oath falsely Not to understand Mistook Mistaken To confuse somebody with someone else To teach wrongly or Mistaught Mistaught incorrectly To tell something Mistold Mistold wrongly To have mistaken Misthought Misthought thoughts or ideas Misunderstood Not to understand Misworn To wear badly Miswed/Miswedd To marry wrongly ed To write something Miswritten incorrectly To have a second job Moonlit or to work illegally without paying tax To cut grass or Mown cereals

Misundersta Misunderstood nd Miswear Misswore Miswed/Miswedd Miswed ed Miswrite Moonlight Mow Miswrote Moonlit Mowed

N
Base Past Past Simple Definition Form Participle Naysa Naysaid Naysaid To oppose or criticise y NoseNoseNoseTo dive or plunge nose first dived/Nose- dived/Nosedive (aircraft) dove dove

O
Base Form Offset Outbid Past Simple Offset Outbid Past Participle Offset Outbid Definition To compenaste or counterbalance To offer more money than someone in an

Outbreed Outdo Outdraw

Outdrink Outdrive Outfight Outfly

Outgrow

Outlay Outleap Output Outride Outrun Outsee Outsell Outshine Outshoot Outsing

auction or sale To breed faster Outbred Outbred than others To do better than Outdid Outdone someone To pull out To pull a gun Outdrew Outdrawn faster than an opponent To drink more than someone Outdrank Outdrunk else, usually alcohol To drive faster or Outdrove Outdriven better To fight better Outfought Outfought than someone To fly faster or Outflew Outflown further To grow faster than something or someone Outgrew Outgrown To become too big or mature for something To spend money Outlaid Outlaid for a particular purpose To jump or leap Outleapt/Outleaped Outleapt/Outleaped further or higher To put out or Output/Outputted Output/Outputted produce To ride faster Outrode Outridden than someone To run or go Outran Outrun faster than someone To see further Outsaw Outseen To have greater foresight To sell more than Outsold Outsold something or someone To be better than Outshone Outshone someone To shoot faster Outshot Outshot or better To sing better or Outsang Outsung louder than someone

Outsit Outsleep Outsmell Outspeak Outspeed Outspend Outspin Outspring Outstand

Outswear

Outswim Outtell Outthink Outthrow Outwear Outwind Outwork Outwrite Overbear Overbid

To sit for longer than someone To sleep for Outslept Outslept longer than someone Outsmelt/Outsmelle Outsmelt/Outsmelle To have a better d d sense of smell To speak better Outspoke Outspoken or more than someone To go faster than Outsped Outsped someone or something To spend more Outspent Outspent than someone Outspun Outspun To finish or die To spring or jump Outsprang Outsprung out To be clearly Outstood Outstood different or better To exceed someone in Outswore Outsworn swearing- oaths or bad language To swim faster or Outswam Outswum further than someone To be better or Outtold Outtold exceed in telling or calculating To think better Outthought Outthought ideas than someone To throw further Outthrew Outthrown or more accurately To last longer (of Outwore Outworn materials, clothes, etc) Outwound Outwound To unloose Outworked/Outwrou Outworked/Outwrou To work harder ght ght or better To be better at Outwrote Outwritten writing To use force or Overbore Overborne authority to control Overbid Overbid To bid more something is Outsat Outsat

Overblow

Overblew

Overblown

Overbreed Overbred

Overbred

Overbuild Overbuilt Overbuy Overbought

Overbuilt Overbought

worth To bid more than you can win in a card game To become subdued To blow away To force too much To breed too much so that features become excessive To build too much, overdevelop To buy too much To pay too much To become cloudy To sew with overcast stitiches (long slanting stitches) To master a problem or difficult situation To become helpless because of excessive emotions or physical difficulties To cut down more trees than permitted To do something to excess To cook something too much To take money out of an account so that a negative balance results To drink too much To drive or work

Overcast

Overcast

Overcast

Overcome Overcame

Overcome

Overcut

Overcut

Overcut

Overdo

Overdid

Overdone

Overdraw Overdrew

Overdrawn

Overdrink Overdrank Overdrive Overdrove

Overdrunk Overdriven

Overeat Overfeed Overfly

Overate Overfed Overflew

Overeaten Overfed Overflown Overgrown Overhung

Overgrow Overgrew Overhang Overhung

Overhear

Overheard

Overheard

Overlay Overleap

Overlaid

Overlaid

something too hard To eat too much To give too much food To fly over a place To grow too big or beyond a limit or boundary To be above something To hear something accidently that was not said to you To cover something with a layer

Overleapt/Overleap Overleapt/Overleape To jump over ed d To continue Overlearnt/Overlear Overlearnt/Overlear learning afer Overlearn ned ned having reached a basic proficiency To lie on top of Overlie Overpass Overpay Override Overrun Overlay To kill by lying on top of Overpast/Overpasse Overpast/Overpasse To cross, pass d d over Overpaid Overpaid To pay too much To ride through Overrode Overridden an enemy's country To flood Overran Overrun To invade and take control To observe people's work to Oversaw Overseen make sure that it is done properly To sell too much Oversold Oversold To publicise too much Overset Overset To overpower Oversewed Oversewn/Oversewe To sew two d edges together with stitches Overlain

Oversee

Oversell Overset Oversew

overlapping both Overshoot Overshot Overshot To go past a limit Oversleep Overslept Overslept To sleep too late To sow on land Oversown/Oversowe Oversow Oversowed that has already d be sown To speak too Overspeak Overspoke Overspoken long or use too many words To spend more Overspend Overspent Overspent than allowed or budgeted To spill over To have a Overspilt/Overspille Overspill Overspilt/Overspilled population that d exceeds the space available To make Overspin Overspun Overspun something last too long Oversprea To cover Overspread Overspread d something Overspring Oversprang Oversprung To jump over Lose a sale of deal by sticking to a price or Overstand Overstood Overstood conditions unacceptable to the other party To sprinkle or Overstrewed/Overstr strew something Overstrew Overstrewed ewn onto another thing To walk across or over Overstride Overstrode Overstridden To walk faster than someone To dominate To stamp a new value or Overstrike Overstruck Overstruck inscription on a old coin To tie a string too tightly To string piano Overstring Overstrung Overstrung bass strings across treble strings Overtake Overtook Overtaken To pass a vehicle that is going

Overthink Overthought Overthrow Overthrew

Overthought Overthrown

Overwear Overwore

Overworn

Overwind Overwound

Overwound

Overwithh Overwithheld old

Overwithheld

Overwrite Overwrote

Overwritten

more slowly To think or plan too much To remove someone forcibly from government or power To wear something too much or often, or wear it out To wind a clock or something too much so it strains the spring To deduct too much tax from a payment or salary To record data on top of existing data, erasing the original

P
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle Partaken Definition To take part in something or a part of something, usually food To give somebody money in Pay Paid Paid exchange for things or services To shut up or enclose in a cage, Pen Pent/Penned Pent/Penned etc To bat instead of a player in PinchPinch-hit Pinch-hit baseball, especially when a hit hit is needed To tell a court that you are guilty or innocent Plead Pled/Pleaded Pled/Pleaded To ask for special treatment by authorities, etc. Potshot/Potshot To shoot at random Potshot Potshot ted To criticise at random Practice PracticePractice-taught To teach as part of training -teach taught Prebind Prebound Prebound To bind before Prebuild Prebuilt Prebuilt Prefabricate To cut something before selling Precut Precut Precut or assembling it Predo Predid Predone To do something before a Partake Partook

Premak Premade e Prepay Prepaid Presell Presold Preset Preset

Premade Prepaid Presold Preset Preshrunk Presplit Price-cut Proofread

Preshrin Preshrank k Presplit Presplit PricePrice-cut cut Proofre Proofread ad Prove Put Proved Put

certain time of stage To make something before a time or stage To pay for something using it To sell before a certain time To arrange something before it is needed To shrink a fabric before selling it so that it will not become smaller when washed To split or divide before a certain time To cut or reduce prices

To read something checking carefully for mistakes Proven/Prove To demonstrate that something d is true To place something in a specific Put position

Q
Base Past Past Simple Definition Form Participle QuickQuick-froze Quick-frozen To freeze something rapidly freeze To stop doing something Quit Quit Quit To resign from a job

R
Base Form Rap Past Simple Rapped/Rapt Past Participle Rapped/Rapt Re-proven/Reproved Read Reft/Reaved To take by force Reawoken/Reawa To wake up again ken Rebid To bid again Rebound To cover a book again To transmit something Rebroadcast on televison or the radio again Rebuilt To build something again Definition To be very affected by strong emotion To prove again To look at written words and understand them To deprive

Re-prove Re-proved Read Reave Read Reft/Reaved

Reawake Reawoke Rebid Rebind Rebid Rebound

Rebroadc Rebroadcast ast Rebuild Rebuilt

Recast Recut Redd Redeal Redo Redraw Reeve

Recast Recut Redd/Redded Redealt Redid Redrew Rove/Reeved

Recast Recut Redd/Redded Redealt Redone Redrawn Rove/Reeved

Refit

Refit

Refit

To replace an actor or actress To cut again or differently To save or rescue To deal playing cards again To do something again To draw again To change boundaries, frontiers, etc To gather together To thread something through a hole To repair a ship, plane or vehicle

Regrind Regrow Rehang Rehear Reknit Relay Relearn Relight Remake Rend Repay Reread Rerun Resell Resend Reset Resew Reshoot

To fit something again To grind again Reground Reground To smooth worn engine parts Regrew Regrown To grow again To hang again or in a Rehung Rehung different position Reheard Reheard To hear something again To knit again Reknit/Reknitted Reknit/Reknitted To join back together To operate a system where things are Relaid Relaid replaced as they become used or tired Relearnt/Relearn Relearnt/Relearn To learn again ed ed To light or start Relit/Relighted Relit/Relighted something burning again To make something Remade Remade again, such as a new version of a film Rent Rent To tear or rip To pay somebody money Repaid Repaid owed Reread Reread To read again Reran Rerun To show a film again Resold Resold To sell something again Resent Resent To send something again To put something back Reset Reset to the original way it was organised Resewed Resewn/Reswed To sew again Reshot Reshot To shoot a film scene

again To take an exam or test Resit Resat Resat again Resow Resowed Resown/Resowed To sow again Respelled/Respe Respelled/Respel Respell To spell again lt t To fit new strings on a Restring Restrung Restrung musical instrument or a bow Take again, especially Retake Retook Retaken exams and tests Reteach Retaught Retaught To teach again To tear again, usually of Retear Retore Retorn injuries Retell Retold Retold To tell something again Rethink Rethought Rethought To think again To tread again Retread Retrod Retrodden To cut new tread in a tyre To fit new parts into an Retrofit/Retrofitt Retrofit/Retrofitte older machine that Retrofit ed d weren't available when the machine was made Rewoke/Rewake Rewoken/Rewake Rewake To wake again d d Rewear Rewore Reworn To wear again Rewove/Reweav Rewoven/Reweav Reweave To weave again ed ed Rewed/Rewedde Rewed/Rewedde Rewed To marry again d d Rewet Rewet/Rewetted Rewet/Rewetted To wet again Rewin Rewon Rewon To win again To put a cassette or Rewind Rewound Rewound video back to the beginning To write something Rewrite Rewrote Rewritten again, usually with improvements Rid Rid/Ridded Rid/Ridded To dispose of To travel by horse, bike Ride Rode Ridden or motorbike To telephone Ring Rang Rung To make sounds with a bell Rise Rose Risen To move upwards Rive Rived Riven/Rived To break apart ot split RoughTo make a rough version Rough-hewed Rough-hewn hew of something Roughcas To prepare a rough form Roughcast Roughcast t of something

Run

Ran

Run

To move quickly, so that both legs leave the ground

S
Base Form Sandcast Saw Say See Seek Past Simple Sand-cast Sawed Said Saw Sought Past Participle Sand-cast Sawn/Sawed Said Seen Sought Self-fed Self-sown/Selfsowed Sold Sent Definition To make a cast by pouring metal into a mold made of sand. To cut wood, etc, with a tool To speak words To notice with your eyes To try to find something To feed itself without assistance To sow itself without assistance To receive money in exchange for goods To cause something to be taken to a specific destination, especially letters, message, etc. To place something somewhere To fix something in a particular position To join pieces of material together using thread To vibrate To make something vibrate To remove body hair To cut with scissors, especially wool from sheep To fall off or let something fall off; snakes shed their skin To shame or disgrace Show To give off or reflect bright light To get rid of solid body waste To provide with shoes, especially horses

Self-feed Self-fed Self-sow Self-sowed Sell Send Sold Sent

Set Sew Shake Shave Shear Shed Shend Shew Shine Shit Shoe

Set Sewed Shook Shaved Shore/Sheared Shed Shent Shewed Shone Shat/Shit Shod

Set Sewn/Sewed Shaken Shaven/Shaved Shorn/Sheared Shed Shent Shewn/Shewed Shone Shat/Shit Shod

Shoot

Shot

Shot

Shortcut Shortcut

Shortcut

Show Shrink Shrive Shut Sightread

Showed Shrank Shrove Shut

Shown Shrunk Shriven Shut Sidewound Sight-read Sightseen Sung Sunk

SidewindSidewound Sight-read

To fire a bullet from a gun To kill or hurt somebody with a gun To use a shorter or quicker way of going somehere or doing something To allow somebody to see something so that they can become aware of it To become smaller To make something smaller To confess or listen to a confession, a religious term To close something To move like the sidewinder snake To read music To visit famous monuments, etc To make music with your voice To move downwards in water To make something move downwards in water To support your body with your buttocks not your feet, with the back in a vertical position as on a chair To write in the sky with smoke To kill To be in a relaxed state with your eyes closed To move on a smooth surface, such as ice To throw something somewhere To move in a suspicious and guilty way To make a long thin cut in something To detect odours with your nose To emit odours

Sightsee Sightsaw Sing Sink Sang Sank

Sit

Sat

Sat

Skywrite Skywrote Slay Sleep Slide Sling Slink Slit Smell Slew Slept Slid Slung Slunk Slit Smelt/Smelled

Skywritten Slain Slept Slid/Slidden Slung Slunk Slit Smelt/Smelled

Smite Smote Snapsho Snapshot ot Sneak Sneaked/Snuck Soothsa Soothsaid y Sow Sowed

Smitten Snapshot Sneaked/Snuck Soothsaid Sown

To hit Take a quick photograph To move around guiltily or to avoid being noticed To predict the future To plant seeds in the ground to produce plants or cereals To say words with your mouth To be able to use a language To move quickly To drive faster than legally permitted To use the correct combination of letters for a word To put into a trance or captivate To Use money to buy things To use time or energy doimg something To allow liquids out of their containers accidentally To turn repeatedly in circles around a fixed point To make something turn repeatedly in circles To eject saliva, liquid or food from the mouth To divide To break open To let something go bad To go bad To give someone information in small and very easy bits To cover the surface of one thing with something else, like butter on bread To jump To become active To feed or fatten an animal in a stall

Speak

Spoke

Spoken

Speed Spell

Sped/Speeded Spelt/Spelled

Sped/Speeded Spelt/Spelled Spellbound Spent

Spellbin Spellbound d Spend Spent

Spill

Spilt/Spilled

Spilt/Spilled

Spin

Span/Spun

Spun

Spit Split Spoil

Spat/Spit Split Spoilt/Spoiled

Spat/Spit Split Spoilt/Spoiled Spoonfed Spread Sprung Stall-fed

Spoonfe Spoonfed ed Spread Spring Stallfeed Spread Sprang Stall-fed

To be in a vertical position with the weight on the Stand Stood Stood feet To get into this position Stove/Staved/Sto Stove/Staved/Sto To break a hole in Stave ved ved something To take property or Steal Stole Stolen money that is not yours To attach things with glue Stick Stuck Stuck To insert a sharp object into something To feel pain caused by an Sting Stung Stung insect or plant or in a particular part of the body Stink Stank Stunk To smell very badly Straphan To hold a strap for Straphung Straphung g support To distribute things Strew Strewed Strewn/Strewed randomly over a surface Stride Strode/Strided Stridden To walk confidently To stop working as a protest about working Strike Struck Struck/Stricken conditions To hit To attach something String Strung Strung using a cord To undress Strip Stript/Stripped Stript/Stripped To remove the covering of something To try very hard to do Strive Strove Striven something To rent something you Sublet Sublet Sublet have rented Sunburned/Sunb Sunburned/Sunb To get red skin from being Sunburn urnt urnt in the sun for too long To use words which are Swear Swore Sworn regarded as offensive To promise Sweat Sweat/Sweated Sweat/Sweated To perspire To clean floors using a Sweep Swept/Sweeped Swept/Sweeped brush To increase in size usually Swell Swelled Swollen by filling with liquids or gases To travel in water by Swim Swam Swum moving your arms and legs To move from side to side Swing Swung Swung from a fixed point Swink Swank/Swonk Swonken To work, toil or labour

SwitchSwitch-hit hit

Switch-hit

To bat right-handed against a left-handed bowler, or vice versa, in baseball

T
Base Form Take Teach Past Simple Took Taught Past Participle Taken Taught Definition To perform an action To acquire To instruct or train somebody To teach with more than one teacher for the class or group To make a hole or divide material, paper, etc. To broadcast on TV To give somebody information To drive a car to test it before buying To test a plane To have an opinion To use the brain To do very well because the circumstance s or situation is right To cause an object to leave your hand in such a way that it

Teamteach

Team-taught

Team-taught

Tear Telecast Tell

Tore

Torn

Telecast/Telecaste Telecast/Telecasted d Told Told

Test-drive Test-drove Test-fly Think Test-flew Thought

Test-driven Test-flown Thought

Thrive

Throve/Thrived

Thriven/Thrived

Throw

Threw

Thrown

Thrust

Thrust

Thunderstri Thunderstruck ke Tine Tread Tint/Tined Trod

Troublesho Troubleshot ot Typecast Typecast

Typeset

Typeset

Typewrite Typewrote

travels through the air To push with Thrust force To strike with Thunderstruck/Thunderstr lightning icken To shock Tint/Tined To shut To put your Trodden foot down To solve a Troubleshot problem To give an actor the Typecast same sort of role repeatedly To compose Typeset type for printing To write with Typewritten a typewriter

U
Base Form Unbear Past Simple Unbore Past Participle Unborn/Unborne Definition To remove a horse's rein and straps To retore something to its original shape Unbend Unbent Unbent that has been distorted To set something free Unbind Unbound Unbound To untie, remove ropes, chains, etc.. Unbuild Unbuilt Unbuilt To demolish Unclothe Unclad/Unclothed Unclad/Unclothed To remove clothes Underbid/Underbid To offer less money in Underbid Underbid den an auction or sale To buy for less than Underbuy Underbought Underbought the real value To sell at a cheaper Undercut Undercut Undercut price than a competitor To do less than Underdo Underdid Underdone necessary Not to cook enough Underfee Underfed Underfed To give too little food

to someone or an animal To make something Undergirt/Undergir Undergirt/Undergir Undergird secure underneath ded ded To give moral support To suffer or go through an Undergo Underwent Undergone unpleasant experience, such as surgery To put underneath Underlay Underlaid Underlaid something To rent for less than Underlet Underlet Underlet the real value To be the real reason, meaning or idea Underlie Underlay Underlain behind something, usually hidden or not clear To pay someone too Underpay Underpaid Underpaid little or pay less than the price To pass or flow Underrun Underran Underrun underneath something To sell at a lower Undersell Undersold Undersold price than a competitor Undersho To shoot too short Undershot Undershot ot Not to reach a traget To sepnd less money Underspe than allocated in the Underspent Underspent nd department or company's budget To know or come to Understa Understood Understood know the meaning of nd something To accept Undertak Undertook Undertaken responsibility for e doing something To insert faulted rock Underthru Underthrust Underthrust under a passive rock st mass To accept part or all Underwrit Underwrote Underwritten of a financial risk, e especially insurance Undo Undid Undone To ruin somebody's reputation To 'open' clothes or shoes before taking d

them off To open a curtain Undraw Undrew Undrawn To withdraw To open, draw back Undraw Undrew Undrawn (curtains, etc) To make assets Unfreeze Unfroze Unfrozen availably for use To thaw something To remove something Unhang Unhung Unhung that is hanging To expose something Unhide Unhid Unhidden that was hidden To stop holding or not Unhold Unheld Unheld to hold Unknit Unknit/Unknitted Unknit/Unknitted To untie To remove cargo, Unlade Unladed Unladen/Unladed unload Unlay Unlaid Unlaid To untwist a rope To try to forget or Unlearnt/Unlearne Unlearnt/Unlearne change a habit or Unlearn d d something that had been learned Unmake Unmade Unmade To remove a decision To remove a rope Unreeve Unrove/Unreeved Unrove/Unreeved from a hook Not to say something To take back Unsay Unsaid Unsaid something that you said To convince someone Unsell Unsold Unsold that something is worthless or false To undo someone Unsew Unsewed Unsewn/Unsewed sewed, remove the stitches To remove something Unsling Unslung Unslung held in a sling To take back what Unspeak Unspoke Unspoken has been said or not to say something Unspin Unspun Unspun To untwist or unravel To seperate things that have been stuck Unstick Unstuck Unstuck together To take off To open something Unstring Unstrung Unstrung secured with string Unswear Unswore Unsworn To take back an oath Unteach Untaught Untaught To make someone forget something

Unthink Untread

Unthought Untrod

Unthought Untrodden Unwoven Unwound Unwritten Upbuilt Upheld Uppercut

Unweave Unwove Unwind Unwrite Upbuild Uphold Unwound Unwrote Upbuilt Upheld

Uppercut Uppercut

Uprise Upset

Uprose Upset

Uprisen Upset Upsprung Upswept Uptorn

Upspring Upsprang Upsweep Upswept Uptear Uptore

they have learned To remove something from your mind To tread back, retrace your steps To undo things that have been woven together To relax To delete writing or not to write To build up, develop on a large scale To support or confirm a decision To punch upwards towards someone's chin To get up, stand up, move up To return from the dead To make somebody unhappy or disturbed To jump or spring up To sweep or brush upwards To tear into pieces

V
Base Past Past Simple Definition Form Participle Vex Vext/Vexed Vext/Vexed To trouble or annoy

W
Base Form Wake Waylay Wear Weave Wed Weep Wend Past Simple Woke Waylaid Wore Wove Wed/Wedded Wept Wended/Went Past Participle Woken Waylaid Worn Woven Wed/Wedded Wept Wended/Went Definition To stop sleeping and become conscious To make somebody stop sleeping To wait for or to stop somebody to rob them To have clothes on your body To make material To marry To cry heavily To go, make your way

Wet

Wet/Wetted

Whipsaw Whipsawed Win Wind Won Wound

Winterfe Winterfed ed Wiredra Wiredrew w Wit Wist

Withdra Withdrew w Withhold Withheld Withstan Withstood d Wont Wont Work Wrap Wreak Wring Write

To make something wet by applying a liquid to it To cut with whipsaw (a Whipsawn/Whipsa saw for two people) wed To victimise To be the best in a Won competition, game, election, etc. To turn something round Wound to make a mechanical process operate To feed cattle in the Winterfed winter when they can't graze To make wire To make something last a Wiredrawn long time, especially speech Wist To know To remove money from a bank Withdrawn To remove something from a place Not to let somebody have Withheld something Wet/Wetted Withstood Wont/Wonted To resist successfully

To be accustomed To make physical or Worked/Wroug Worked/Wrought mental effort to produce ht or achieve something To cover Wrapped/WraptWrapped/Wrapt To transport emotionally To cause or make Wreaked Wreaked/Wroken something happen To put a lot of pressure on Wrung Wrung something to remove liquids To put words onto paper Wrote Written using a pen or pencil

Z
Base Past Past Simple Definition Form Participle Zinced/Zincke Zinced/Zincke To coat or cover something with a Zinc d d layer of zinc