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Fri. Feb. 6th = Cultures of Exploitation and Liberty: the transitionfrom Indenture to Slavery (1680s-1710s)
Cultures of Exploitation and Liberty: the transition from Indenture to Slavery (1680s-1710s)
1. Why did the indenture system decline after the 1680s?A. colonies give out fewer headrights and freedom dues, leading to Bacon's Rebellion (1676) andother tensionsB. Some slaves in ex-Dutch New York (1660s+); growth of Barbados (1680s+) brings a few British-imported slaves into the Chesapeake (VA. & MD.) -- see Morgan pp. 29-31C. Fewer potential indentured servants leave England after the Glorious Revolution (1688)i. Post-Revolution stability (1690s) leads to fewer indentured servants leaving for the colonies -- see1st chart below [see also link to discussion of England's 1689 "Declaration of Rights" that wouldlater inspire American colonists to declare independence, at:http://hnn.us/roundup/entries/42110.html]ii. Labor-starved colonies petition England's "liberal King & Queen" to repeal the Navigation Acts(granted in 1698), allowing "free trade"D. "free trade" brings huge numbers of enslaved Africans into the British colonies (early 1700s) [see2nd chart below]E. transition to slave labor saves poorer Anglo-American laborers from being the lowest social classin the colonies; new term "white" comes into popular usage (1700s)Review of AMST themes:* land as basis of wealth & power * labor becomes racialized (vs. class divisions) -- "liberty" seen in terms of free vs. slave labor ==================================CHARTS:
c.1690s Cost of Labor in Colonial Virginia:
 Indentured servants:* availability = very low* cost = L.1,200-1,500* life expectancy = high
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