1. Propozitiile interogative introduse prin pronumele interogativ "who" au intotdeauna structura
unei propozitii afirmative, iar verbul este la persoana a III-a singular. Who saw you? Who wants the book? 2. Numeralele ordinale: the first the second the third the fourth - Cine te-a vazut? - Cine vrea cartea? - primul, prima, intaiul, intaia - al doilea, a doua - al treilea, a treia - al patrulea, a patra LECTIA 19 - PARTEA INTAI , In aceasta parte a lectiei yom invata cuvinte legate de starea vremii. Cititi-le cu voce tare tlti atenti la intelesul lor in limba romana: gale > [geil] vant putemic, vijelie hail > [heil] grindina shower > haua'] aversa, ploaie torenti- ala ice > rais] gheata shade > heid] umbra, nuanta dew > [diu:] roua thunderstorm > [T'anda r sto: '111 J - fmtuna cu traznete, vijelie umbrella > [ambrela] umbrela road > [roud] drum, hurricane > [harikan] uragan thaw > [T'o: ] dezghet, topire sunny spells > [sani spelz] vreme insorita Cititi din nou cuvintele, dar in alta ordine: thaw > [TSo:] dezghet, topire umbrella > [ambrela] umbrela shade > umbra, nuanta hail > [heil] grindina sunny spells > [sani spelz] - vreme insorita road > [roud] drum, thunderstorm > [T'andarsto:rm] furtuna cu traznete ice > [ais] gheata gale > [gcil ] vant putemic, vijelie hurricane > [harikanl - uragan dew > [diu:] roua shower > aversa, ploaie torenti- ala -2- Completati urmatoarele propozitii In limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare. Folositi filtrul > [Dlea' a:' nau - In aceste locuri nu sunt in D'i:z saraundin(g)z] furtuni cu traznete. Este multa gheata pe rau. - E multa umbra dupa amiaza. - Toamna nu este des vreme Insorita. - Dimineata va fi aversa. - Poti sa vezi roua pe iarba? - Nu-ti uita umbrela! - Dezghetul va Incepe luna viitoare. - Este gheata pe apa. - Uraganele aduc multa ploaie. - Acest drum este prea Ingust pentru 0 furgoneta. - Azi dimineata a fost grindina. - Au fost multe vijelii In ianuarie. - We must take this >road. - 1 love >thunderstorms in summer. - There won't be any >hail this spring. - There is a lot of >ice on the river. - I don't like >the thaw. - The last >sunny spell was a month ago. - Have you already bought a new >umbrella? - There was a >Shade of smile on his face. > [harikanz brin(g) a lot av rein] > [sani spclz daunt oti1 hEpn in >[DZa Po: "il sta:'t nekst manT'] > l daunt forget io:' ambrela] > [Dlis raud iz tLl: nErau fo:' aYEn] > [Dlea' iz ais on Dla "o:ta'] > l D"ea' "a:' a lot ov geilz in djEniLlari] > [D"e[l' "il bi: a in D"a mo:'nin lg )] > [ Dlea' "az sam heil DZis mo:'nin lgl ] > [D1a iz !on(g) in D"i a: fta'nu:n] > l kEn iu: si: DLa diu: on DZa gra:s] Vara imi plac furtunile cu trasnete. In aceasta primavara nu va fi grindina. Trebuie s-o luam pe acest drum. Ultima zi Insorita a fast in urma cu 0 luna. A fost 0 nuanta de zambet pe fata lui. Ti-ai cumparat deja 0 umbrela noua? Nu-mi place dezghetul. Sunny spells don't often happen in autumn. The shade is long in the afternoon. There will be a shower in the morning. Don't forget your umbrella! Hurricanes bring a lot of ram. The thaw will start next month. There is ice on the water. This road is too narrow for a van. There are no thunderstorms in these surroundings. lata cuvintele noi In propozitii: Can you see the dew on the grass? There were a lot of gales in January. There was some hail this morning. Chiar vrei sa pe acest vant puternic? - Do you really want to go out in this >gale? Uraganul este In apropierea Americii. - The >hurricane is near America. Dimineata este Intotdeauna roua pe iarba. Cred ca maine vor fi averse. 3 - There is always >dcw on the grass in the morning. - I think there will be >Showers tomorrow. 4 Deslgllr arl oh.\ervat cum se utllt:.ea:.a if [If] (inseal11na' daca, presllpunimd ca) in propozitil. - Oaca ea pJeaca prea tarziu, va plerde autobuzul. - Vremea va fi placuta, daca temperatura nu va fi mai scazutii. - Oaca inapoiezI aceasta carte, vel prum alta. > I like all shades of green. > ThIs road IS the best. > I hope there wIll be sunny spells today. > When there IS thaw, the streets are wet. > ThIs month there have been many thundel storms. > I don't like showers. > Put on your shoes! There IS dew on the grass. > \Ve lost everythmg m the hurncane. > Can I take your umbrella? > Yestelday we had ram and haIl. > 00 you Ieally like Ice-tea? > [here are often gales In WInter. > SPI mg \\ III come after the last thaw. > [IfILl IIta.'n O/IS buk III till gct ana0 7 a'] > [If iI. vz tu lclt Sl ull bl. IClt fo. r ha r bas] > LOla L1 eD l a' L111 bl n,IlS If D/a iznt loua'] Pot sa Iau umbreJa ta? Acest drum este cel mal bun. lIm plac toate nuantele de verde. Luna aceasta au fost multe vlJelIi. Traduceti propozqllle urmiHoare in Innba engleza. Sper ca aZI va fi vreme insonta. Primavara va SOSI dupa ultImul dezghet. Intr-adevar itl place cealUl rece cu gheata? lama sunt des vantun putemlce. In aceasta Jeetle ne vom ocupa de 0 problema nnportanta a gramatIcn engleze, modul conditional. Propozltla condltlOnala este de trel tipun. lata primul tip. Cand este dezghet, strazile sunt ude. NO! am pierdut totul in tlmpul uraganului. Pune-tl pantofil! Este roua pe iarba. If she leaves too late, she will be late for her bus. Nu-ml plac aversele. lata cateva exemple. If you return thIS book you will get another leri a fost ploale gnndma. The weather will be nice If the temperatlll e Isn't lower. Rerl/lerl ca in propo:.ltia condltlOllala (care este pnn if) se foloseste tl/npul prezent simplu (SImple Present), far ill propo:'lrfa prinClpala IItlltzeaza vlitorul Sllllplu (Sllnple Future). Tipul intii (1. Conditional) refera la vuto/: indepl//urea cond/tiei, respect/v realtzarea activitiiru \'l/toare, este poslhila. Sa exersam cuvinte, dar intr-o alta ordine: Completati propozitiile unnatoare cu cuvintele corespunzatoare: Cititi cu voce tare unnatorlll dialog scurt in care apar cuvintele noi: - Nu, este groaznica. - iti place azi vremea? - If she> doesn't takeher umbrella she will return home wet. - If it > ramswe won't go for a walk. - You won't be a good doctor if you> don't learn. - If there > IS frost tomorrow, we will stay at home. > [lldll lis II IlJ 5 > [dll iu. lalk [Ya lIefYa' ladc!] No, it's awfuL. Do you like the weather today? lata propozitiile din text traducerea lor in limba romana: changeable > [t;;emdlabl] - schimbator oppressive > [OpICSIV] - apasator, slippery > [slipan] - alunecos severe > [slviarJ - sever, aspru, cumplit dense > [dens] - dens, compact dangerous > [dcmdjaras] -periculos A: Do you like the weather today? B: No, it's awful. In the morning the fog was so dense that I didn't see my car. A: Yes, and the streets were slippery. It was dangerous. I think this winter will be severe. B: I am not sure. The weather is always changeable in November. And it's better than the oppressive heat in summer. slippery > [slipall] - alunecos severe > [sl\ia'] - sever, aspru, cumplit changeable > - schimbator dense > [dens] - dens, compact oppressIve > [opresiv] - apasator, dangerous > [dcmdjaras] -periculos Daca ploua nu vom merge 1a plimbare. Nu vei fi un medic bun, daca nu inveti. Daca ia umbrela, ea se va intoarce acasa uda. Oaca maine e gel', vom ramane acasa. lar acum sa invatam cateva adjective noi. Cititi cllvintele cu voce tare retineti corespondentullor in limba romana: "Severe frost has set in." A fost periculos. Cred ca aceasta iarna va fi aspra. Si este mai bine decat caldura vara. Dimineata ceata a fost atat de deasa, incat nu mi-am vazut Da, strazile au fost alunecoase. Nu sunt sigur. In noiembrie vremea este intotdeauna schimbatoare. > Sevel e frost has set in. We have> changeable weather in Romania. There is > dense traffic in the streets. The road was> "lIppery so we went on foot. These animals can be > dangerous. This summer there has been> oppressIve heat. > [111 D\l mo:'nin(g) D/a l ' U d DIE . og oz sou ens al didnt si: mai ka: r ] > [/\:s End D/a stri:ts ua:r sliparil > !it uoz deindjaras] > [ai r'in(g)k D/IS uintar IIi] bi: sidi/] > [ai Em not ;;ua'] > [D/a ueD/al IZ o:luelz t;;eindjabl In nouvemb[\I] > [End its beta r D/En D/a opresiv 11I.t in sal1la') And it's better than the oppressive heat in summer. Desigur ati memorat deja cuvintele noi. Completati unnatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele cores- punzatoare: I am not sure. severe. -6- Yes, and the streets were slippery. In the morning the fog was so dense that I didn't see my car. S-a depus un ger cumplit. In Romania avem 0 vreme schimbatoare. Este un trafic intens pe strazi. Drumul a fost alunecos ca noi am mers pe jos. Aceste animaIe pot fi periculoase. Vara aceasta a fost 0 caldura The weather is always changeable in November. It was dangerous. I think this winter will be Traducetl in hmba engleza urmatoarele cuvinte. Folosltl filtrul Ortografia IIIlOra dintre numerale ordinale se schil11bii prin adiiugarea terl11ina!iei -th: Celelalte numerale ord/llale se formeazii prin adiiugarea ternlll1a!iel -th la l1umeralele cardinale: > [t"entl fa:rst] > [T'a:rti sekand] > [sikstl T'a 'd] > [t"entlaT'] > [sevnT S ] > [fifP] > [tUclfP] > [siksT'] - al trellea, a treia - al doilea, a doua - al patrulea, a patra - primul, prima, intaiul, intaia > ThiS book IS on the twenty-sixth shelf on the nght. > It was our tenth day of work. > The 1"01 ty-se\ enth tcacher has Just dppllcd for the lob. twelfth - the sixty-third - the twenty- first fifth twentieth - the thirty-second sixth seventh treilea Aceasta carte este pe al douazeci raft la dreapta. Al patruzeci profesor tocmai a solicitat sluJba. A fost a zecea noastra zi de lucru. 7 al douazeci unulea Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza: al trelzeci doilea twenty in cazul numeralelor urdlllale compuse - ca de exemplu "al douii::eci unulea, al dOllea, al trezlea ", in englezii folosim cuvintele first, second, third, etc.: twelve five seven SlX the third the first the fourth in ca::ul ill care Ilumeralele se terl11inii in -y, acesta se preschimbii in -ie, la adiiugarea terl11ina!iei -th: Numeralele ordinale invatate pana acum sunt: the second schimbator > Lhangeable dens > dense alunecos > slippery sever > scvere
> oppressive periculos > dangcrous Sa folosim aceste verbe In propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~ i urmariti traducerea In limba romana: > [frollll1] > [set 111] frozen forma a III-a set in a Ingheta, a degera a avea nevoie de, a trebui a topi, a se topi a bumita a topi, a se topi a picura, a ciidea, a scapa a Incepe, a se instala a Incepe, a se instala a picura, a cadea, a scapa a bumita a Ingheta, a degera a avea nevoie de, a trebui Apa a Inghetat. El a avut Intotdeauna nevoie de ajutorul nostru. - Gheata s-a topit deja. > [fIOUZ] > [set Ill] 1st 2nd 3rd 25th forma a II-a set in froze > [hi' hEz o:llle/z l1i:did aua l help] > [O/a T'o: lid set 111 nekst - Dezghetul va Incepe luna manT'] viitoare. > I!tTZ] > [set mJ Dintre verbele de mai sus, doua sunt neregulate. lata formele lor: -8- set in to drop > [tLl drop] to melt > [tLl melt I to set in > [tLl set in] to need > [lLl nut] to drizzle > ItLl drizl] to freeze > [tLl fri:z] He has always needed our help. Sa exersam a c e l a ~ i verbe Intr-o alta ordine: Daca numeralele sunt sCl'ise cu cifi-e, atunci c!frelor Ii se adauga ultimele doua litere ale for- mei serise eu litere: Acum sa Invatam ~ a s e verbe noi: third twenty-fifth first The ice has already melted. > [D/i alS hEz o'lredi meltid] freeze forma a I-a to need > [tll nl:dl to freeze > [tll fri:z] to melt > [tll melt] to drizzle > [tLl dtizl] to drop > [tu drop] to set in > [tLl set in] second The water has frozen. The thaw will set in next month. 9 Desigur v-ati deja verbele noi. Traduceti in limba romana: In exercitiul urmator completati urmatoarele propozitii cu forma corespunzatoare a verbelor: - Nu vom merge in daca va burnita maine. - Nu scapa pe podea aceasta revista. > to set in > to freeze > to melt > to need > to drizzle - Ei fac in aceasta fabrica. - In aceasta fabrica se fac > to drop - Ice will >melt in spring. - Something has >dropped from the table. - It >drizzled all day yesterday. - Do you >need the car today? - If severe frost >sets in we will leave this town. - We must >freeze some food. > l"i: "ount gau tu taun if it drizlz tamorau] > [daunt drop D/is mEgazi:n on flo:'] Ati sesizat deosebirea? They make cars in this factory. Cars are made in this factory. a scapa Cititi cu atentie propozitiile: a burnita a se topi A bumitat ieri toata ziua. Ai nevoie azi de a se instala, a incepe Daca incepe un inghet aspru, vom parasi acest a avea nevoie de A cazut ceva de pe masa. Propozi{ia a doua este la diateza pasiva (Passive Voice [pa: siv vois)), care se atunci ciind subiectul este obiectul care suferd ac{iunea iar autorul ac{iunii este exprimat printr-ul1 complement. Diateza pasiva se compune din forma corespunzatoare a verbului to be forma a III-a a verbului principal. a ingheta Gheata se va topi primavara. Trebuie sa congelam mancare. We won't go to town if it drizzles tomorrow. Don't drop this magazine on the floor. - 10- Podeua din bucatarie va fi spalata maine. - Ciocanul a fast gasit in
A raise> will be negotiated tomorrow. Her son's shirts> have been ironed. Newspapers> are delivered every day. The basket> was emptied. > I need a 101 of new clothes. > If the fog is dense, we witl see nothing. > Slippery roads are very ch,ngerous. > I have forgotten to take the umbrella. > We have had only a few thunderstonTIs this summer. > This road was buill two y ago. > All letters have already b,:en sent. > This is our fiftielh employee. > The twelfth policeman caine too late. > My sweater has been knitted. > If you don't work you will not have money. > We ""ill visit John and Mary if it doesn't drizzle. > [Dza hEmal' lI oz faund in DZa Al doisprezecelea politist a sosit prea tarziu. Daca nu lucrezi nu vei avea bani. Am avut doar cil.teva furtuni cu trasnete vara aceasta. Puloverul meu a fost Am uitat sa iau umbrela. Acest drum a fost construit in urma cu doi la I I activa devine subiectul propozitiei la diateza pasiva. I l . -._-_._- ._... _._- - ------------------_. - .._---_ .._-_.__._----------.-/ They deliver newspapers every day. Daca ceata este deasa, nu vom vedea nimic. We will negotiate a raise tomorrow. Drumurile alunecoase sunt foarte pericu- loase. Am nevoie de 0 multime de haine noi. Acesta este al cincizecilea angajat al nostru. Sa recapitulam materialul acestei parti a lectiei. Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza: She has ironed her son's shirts. am. She emptied the basket. lata dHeva exemple: The hammer was found in the shed. Unneaza un exercitiu Transfonnati propozitiile din diateza activa in diateza pasiva. Com- pletati propozitiile: The floor in the kitchen will > lD\\ flo:1' in D/a be mopped tomorrow. lIj] bi: mopt tamorouj Toate scrisorile au fost trimise deja. Ii vom vizita pe John pe Mary dad nu ploua marunt. LECTIA 19 - PARTEA A DaDA , Furtunile ;;i ploile din prima parte a lectiei ne-au Iacut sa ne gfmdim la caminul nostru confortabil. Sa intram in donnitor: double bed > [dabl bed] - pat dublu sheet > - cear;;af blanket > [hIEn{g)kit] - piltura pillow > [pilou] - perna bedspread > [bedspredj - cuvertura de pat alarm clock > [ala:1m klok I - ceas de;;teptiitor sheets > - cear;;afuri, foi de har- tie wardrobe > C'o:'droub] - garderoba, ;;ifonier, dulap de haine rug > [rag] - covora;;, carpeta dressing-gown > [dresin(g) gaun] - halat, capot single bed > [singI bed] - pat de 0 persoana dream > [dri:lll] - vis nightmare > [naitmefl'] - co;;mar Repetati cuvintele ;;i in aWi ordine. Exersati pronuntia ;;i retineti sensul lor in limba romfma: rug > [rag] - covora;;, carpeta dream > [dri:m] - vis bedspread > [bedspredl - cuvertura de pat double bed > [dabl bed] - pat dublu pillow > [pilau] - perna nightmare > [naitmcf{] - co;;mar blanket > [bIEnlg)kitj - patura wardrobe > [uo:rdroub] - garderoba, ;;ifonier, dulap de haine alarm clock > [ala:rm klakj - ceas de;;teptator sheet > - cear;;af dressing-gown > ldresin(g) gaun] - halat single bed > [singl bed] - pat de 0 persoana sheets > [;;i:tsJ - cear;;afuri, foi de har- tie - 11 - Sa citim cu voce tare dialogul, in care am folosit cuvintele noi: Da, doua mici langa pat. Trebuie sa avem un pat dublu sau doua paturi simple. Cred ca putem avea un mare in coltul camerei. Ma gandesc la ha1ate noi, peme paturi. ... noi 0 cuvertura de pat mare. Ne putem pennite asta? Vom cumpara vise noi, placute? Putem deasemenea cumpara un ceas electric nou. Sunt foarte bune. Sper ci'i putem. Vreau sa cumpar multe 1ucruri noi. > lUi: mast hEv lI an dabl bed 0: 1 tu: sing] bedz] > [al T\n(1!)k ui: kEn hEv a b 1I I'd b' D Z - Ig o. rou 111 a ko:1n[\1 ov DZa ru:m] - 12- > [n/Ll. :;;i:t<: End a la:l'dj bedspred] > [kFn ul. fIfo t d it] > [ai uont tLl bai me111 nlU: T'intg)z] > [ai Em T'in l 1!)kin(g) abaut nlLl: dresin(g) gaunz piloLlz End blEn(g)kits] > [till ul. bal niLl. l1alS dl! mz tu'] > [<Ii hOLlp u1: kEnJ > [ul: kEn olsou bal a niu: ilektnk rda:1m klok] We must have one double bed or two single beds. room. I hope we can. What do you want to have in> [uot du iu: uont tu hEv in - Ce vrei sa avem in noul our new bedroom? aLla' nlU: bedrumJ nostru donnitor? Yes, and two small rugs near> Iics End tLl smo.l ragz the bed. nia' D\\ hed] Sa analizam acum separat fiecare propozitie. Cititi propozitiile fiti atenti la pronuntie: A: What do you want to have in our bedroom? B: We must have one double bed or two single beds. A: I think we can have a wardrobe in the corner of the room. B: Yes, and two small rugs near the bed. I want to buy many new things. I am thinking about new dressing-gowns, new pillows and blankets. A: ... new sheets and a large bedspread. Can we afford it? B: I hope we can. We can also buy a new electric alarm clock. They are very good. A: Will we buy new, nice dreams too? B: I think that after we buy all the new things we can afford only nightmares. They are cheaper. I want to buy many new things. I am thinking about new dressing-gowns, pillows and blankets. ... new sheets and a large bedspread. Will we buy new, nIce dreams too? I think we can have a big wardrobe in the comer of the Can we afford it? We can also buy a new electric alann clock. They are very good. - 13 - "I must buy my wife a new dressing-gown". Cred ca dupa ee cumparam toate luerurile noi, ne yom putea permite doar - Sunt mai ieftine. [ai T'm()2Jk D/Et a:fta l lIj: hal 0:1 D/fl nllJ: T'in()2)z IIi. k1:11 Mold ounli na/tml.:fllzj > !D\:i a: 1 t"i.pfl'l I L P'.. . _ Putem sa-ti dam doar paturi peme. We can only give you> blankets and > pillows. Visezi des noaptea? Do you often have> dreams at night? Ultimele zile au fost un pentm mine. The last days were a > nightmare for me. Ei au aiei eamere eu paturi duble. - They have rooms with> double bed" here. Trebuie sa-i cumpar nevestei mele un halat I must buy my wife a new> dressIng Cit costa acest ceas How much is this> alarm clock? Ai vazut verzi in magazin? Did you see the green> sheets in the shop? Vom lua un pat simplu pentru fiica noastra. We'll take one> single bed for our daughter. I think that after we buy all > the new things we can afford only nightmares. Acum folositi noile cuvinte. Introduceti-Ie in unnatoarele propozitii: Ce culoare au tale? What colour are your > Cuvertura de pat trebuie sa fie alba. The> bedspread must be white. Vom face un yom in colt. We'll make a > \\ardrobc and put it in the corner. They are cheaper. Traduceti In limba engleza urmatoarele cuvinte: J > [ba 'nl] burnt fonna a lll-a - Aceasta scrisoare a fost scrisa pe 31 iulie. - Patul va fi livrat la 15 noiembrie. - a Ineca, a se Ineca - a sfarama, a distruge, a avaria - a omori, a ucide - a arde, a prajI, a fi aprins > dream > \\ ardrobe > double bed > dress109-gown > blanket > bedspread > sheet > pillow > lUg > nIghtmare > smgle bed > alarm clock - pe 21 octombrie > sheets 14 burnt forma a II-a > [LYa bed l'll bl. dlliva'd on [)fa ld'ti.nPav nou\cmb,I'] > [[YIS leta' "az I iln on DZa Pa"11 fa ' s t ,1\ dlul:lI] > [Iulck] > [tll thalln] > [tll kll] > [Iu barn] > [bel 'n] burn halat, capot vis pat dublu to wreck garderoba to drown to kill Unul dmtre verbe este neregulat: Sa Inva!am cateva verbe noi:
forma I cuvertura de pat
ceas dqteptator to bum on the 21 st of October perna Datele se scnu ill fe/ul urmiitor: foi de hartie pat de 0 persoana patura
The bed will be delivered on the 15th of November. This letter was written on 31 st July. lata cum se folosesc verbele in Propoziiii: In exercitiul urmator, completati propozitiile cu forma corespunzatoare a verbului: The hurricane> \\ reck.:d the hotel on 23 rd May. You can> dro\\ n if you swim tomorrow. A child> \\ as kIlled in the accident. Our house> \\ as burnt do\\ n last week. Avionul a fost avariat in timpul unui uragan. leri au fost doborati multi copaci. a ars de tot. Focul va fi stins intr-un minut. a se distruge, a suferi un naufragiu, a se avaria a arde pana in temelii a dobor!, a rastuma a sufla, a stinge prin suflare In acest accident pierdut viata de oameni. Te vei ineca daca ei nu te invata sa inoti. Nu-mi distruge Lemnul arde bine. EI a ucis oameni. Omul acela inecat diinele. - a-;;i pierde viata, (a fi ucis), a ciidea (de ex. in razboi) a se ineca aut in a minit] > [meni tri:z lI a:r bloun daun ieslardei] > loza ka: 1 uo? baJnt daun I > [tu bl. kild] - 15 - Furtuna a avariat hotelul in data de 23 maio Poti sa te ineci daca inoti maine. Un copil pierdut viata in accident. Casa noastra a ars pana in temelii saptamana trecuta. Many trees were blown down yesterday. The car was burnt down. to be killed La diateza pasiva aceste verbe noi au alta semnificatie: a minute. Urmeaza cateva exemple: Fifty-two people were killed > [fifJi tu: pi:pl l'U: 1 kild in - in this accident. DZis Eksldant! You will be drowned if they > [iu. llJ! bi: draund if [)zci don't teach you to swim. dount Ill: tu sllim] The plane was wrecked in a > [Dza plein lI O? rekt in a hurricane. harikanJ The fire will be blown out in> IOza faii/ lIil bi: bloun to be drowned > [tu bi: draundJ to be wrecked > [tu bi: rektJ to be burnt down [tu bi: r > ba: nt daun] to be blown down > [t u bi. bloun daunj to be blown out > [tu bi: bioun aut [ He killed seven people. > [hi: kild SC\ n pi:pl] That man has drowned his > rOZEt mEn h Lz draund dog. hi? dog] Don't wreck my car! r > [dount rek mai ka: J Wood bums easily. [li d b": . T J > u a: nz 1:71 1 Cihtl cu atentie unnatoarele propozitii In care apar adjectivele noi: Acum iata un grup de adjective noi. Exersati pronuntia retineti Intelesul lor In limba romiina: - Sunt somnoros In dimineata aceasta. - Strada noastra este fomie - copii au fost foarte - sunt neplacute. - TrebLlle sa curatam deoarece este murdara. - Aceasta este 0 fabrica modema. - More than a hundred people >were drowned when the ship >was wrecked. - The trees >wcre blown down in the gale. - People >kI11 other people every day. - Do you >burn wood in the winter? - The fire >has been blown out. - Look at your >dlrty hands! - Our children are very >sleepy. - I want to live in a >qulct town. - 1have never been in a more >unpkasant situation! - We had neighbours. - > 1\1 odcrn cars are expensive. 16 > l O/I'Z t)ilth an Ua ' yen nOIZlJ > [aua' stll t IZ \ ell kUaiat] > [naltl11c,j'Z a" anpleznt] > lO/ls IZ a l11oda'n > lUI: kll.n lYa ka: 1 hlkoz It IZ da.'lI] > l alII I sll.pl 1110 'nIl1 ICI ] Uita-te la miiinile tale murdare! Niciodata nu am fost Intr-o situatle mai neplacuta! modeme sunt scumpe. cu lemne lama? Am avut vecml Nightmares are unpleasant. In exercqlUl unnator completati urmatoarele propozitil In limba engleza cu noile cuvinte: Our street is very quiet. Focul a fost stins. COPIll sunt foarte sleepy > [sli:pl] - somnoros, adonnit quiet > [kUalat] - calm, potolit unpleasant > [anpleznt] - neplacut nOIsy > [nolZl ] - zgomotos, galagios dirty > l d'.'tl] - murdar modem > [l11oda'n] - modern, nou, contemporan Mal mult de 0 suta de oameni s-au Inecat ciind vaporul a naufragiat. Copacii s-au rasturnat de viintul puternic. Vreau sa traiesc Intr-un Oamenll ucid alti oameni In fIecare Zl. We must clean the car because it is dirty. This is a modern factory. These children were very nOIsy. 1feel sleepy this mommg. - 17- Traduce\i unnatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza: in exerci{iul urmator vom inva/a substantive care apar intotdeauna la plural: > [ai uont tu bai a pear av Vreau sa cumpar 0 trauzarz] pereche de pantaloni. [uear I' mai binokiu1i:/z Unde este binoclul meu? > a: ai daunt si: DIem] Nu-l viid. [L1' I E Id _I' > . I: 1 V sou ten pea z Azi noi am vandut zece ov spektaklz tadei) perechi de ochelari. > kEnot faind ha:1' - Ea ochelarii. gla:siz] > [ai mast bai T\i: pei'/Z Trcbuic sa cumpar trei ov siza r z] foarfece. > [tu get] - a obtine, a ajunge, a deveni [tu LI eik ap] a se trezi > > [tu sno:l'] a sforai > [tu dri:m] a visa, inchipui > Itu ] a barbieri, a se barbieri > [tu andres] a (se) dezbraca [ want to buy a pair of trousers. to undress to snore to shave to dream to wake up She cannot find her glasses. Cititi cu voce tare exemplele: We have sold ten pairs of spectacles today. trousers > [trauza r z] - pantaloni spectacles > [spekHiklz] ochelari scissors > [sizarz] foarfeca binoculars > [binokiula r z] binoclu glasses > [gla:siz] ochelari lata cateva verbe noi: to get Pentru a defini cantitorea exacta a acestor obieete, sefolose$te expresia a pair of [5 pear ov] o pereche. I > quiet murdar > dirty zgomotos > nOIsy modem > modem somnoros > sleepy neplacut > unpleasant Where are my binoculars? 1 don't see them. 1 must buy three pairs of scissors. Dintre aceste verbe, trei sunt neregulate. Formele lor sunt: Sa exersam utilizarea verbelor noi in propozitii. Fiti atenti la pronuntie: Ne-am trezit la Ai visat vreodata la 0 casa mare? Sforai intotdeuna cand dormi? Totdeuna devin somnoros noaptea tarziu. Dezbraca-te du-te la culcare! - Te-ai biirbierit deja? got > [got] woken > Illoukn] dreamt > [dremt] forma a III-a You must> "have earlier tomorrow. The children have already> undressed. Do you usually> snore? They> V\ oke up before six. I have > dreamt about a new car. It is > geltll1g foggy. > to > to dre3111 > to get > to shave > 10 \\ ake up > to und! e"s - 18 - > [andres End gou tu bed] > [al 0 jlleiz get SJi:Pl leit Et na/t] 1I 1I I > [1: ouk ap J:l sevn forma a II-a dreamt > [dremt j got > [goll woke > IUouk] > [get] > [ueik] > [dri.mj a sforai a obtine Am visat la 0 noua. a se barbieri Have you ever dreamt about> [hEv iu: e\i:\1 dreml abaut a big house? a big haus] In umlatorul exercitiu traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza: a se dezbraca S-au trezit inainte de We woke up at seven. Undress and go to bed. a se trezi a visa Sforai de obicei? Have you shaved yet? > [hEv IU: let] Vremea va deveni cetoasa. Maine trebuie sa te mai devreme. Copiii s-au dezbracat deja. Completati propozitiile cu forma corespunzatoare a verbului: dream Do you always snore when > [du IU: o:lueiz sno: 1 uen you sleep? IU slI:pJ forma I get wake I always get sleepy late at night. 19 Furtunile cu traznete sunt i'ntotdeauna perieuloase. > Thunderstorms are always dangerous. Acest ultim exercitiu este de verificare. Traduceti propozltiile in limba engleza exersati pronuntia: > The food IS frozen. > The ship was wrecked III a dense fog. > Do you like changeable weather? > There was a strong gale on 25th May. > The chIldren have not woken up yet. > Their daughter dlOwned last year. > If it gets dal k we won't find thIS house. > You won't buy thIS book If you spend all the lTIon\lY on clothes. > It is on the twentIeth shel f. > Your trousers are In the wardrobe. > There have been many showers this week. > SIX people were killed III this hurricane. > This alarm clock \Vas bought in thiS shop. Mancarea e congelata. Copiii nu s-au trezit inca. Este pe al douazecilea raft. Vaporul a naufragiat pe a ceata deasa. Daca se intuncea nu vom gasi aeeasta easa. Pantalonii tai sunt in dulap. Fiiea lor s-a inecat anul trecut. iti place vremea schimbatoare? Nu vei cumpara aceasta carte daca cheltui toti banii pe haine. Acest ceas a fast cumparat din acest magazin. La unneaza un exercitiu de pronuntie. Cuvintele de pe coloana cantin sunete identlce: oameni pierdut viata in acest uragan. Pe data de 25 mai a fast un vant putemic. Saptamana aceasta au fast multe averse. [au] [a:rJ [c] [ail shower burn wreck fire drown dirty get Ice brown -third dense lllce down bird set find - 20- Semnificatia conjunctiei "if'[if] : "daca". Daca cumperi ziarul yom citi despre acel accident. sixth seventh 1st 25th - Pe data de 21 octombrie - Ciocanul a fost gasit in SIX seven If you buy the paper we will read about that accident. Daca numeralele ordinale sunt scrise cu cifre, atunci cifrelor Ii se adauga ultimele doua litere ale formei scrise eu litere: first twenty-fifth Daca numeralul se termina in ,,-intai, -doilea, -treilea" atunci in engleza se folosesc cuvintele "first, second, third": - twenty-first In cazul in care numeralele se termina in -y, acesta se preschimba in -ie, dupa adaugarea terminatiei -th: twenty -- twentieth Diateza pasiva se atunci ciind subiectul este obiectul care sufera aqiunea iar autorul actiunii este exprimat printr-un complement. Propozitia cu structura pa- siva se formeaza din: forma corespunzatoare a verbului "to be" fonna a II1.-a a verbului principal. Acest timp se refera la vii tor. Indeplinirea conditiei, respectiv realizarea activitatii viitoare este probabila. Ortografia unor ciitorva numerale se schimba prin adaugarea terminatiei - th:
twelve twelfth Propozitia conditionala (care sta dupa if) este la timpul prezent simplu (Simple Pre- sent), iar propozitia principala este la timpul viitor simplu (Simple Future). Numeralele ordinale se formeaza prin adaugazea terminatia -th la numeralul cardinal: In pronuntia datelor apar cuvinte aditionale - care nu se scriu. Acestea sunt "the" inaintea datei "of' inaintea denumirii lunii. The hammer was found in the shed. 19.1. Propozitia conditionala tipul intiii. (1. Conditional) 19.2. Numeralele ordinale: 19.3. Diateza pasiva - the Passive Voice RECAPITULARE 19 19.4. Scrierea citirea datelor on 21 5t October [on DZa tllentl fa.'st ov oktouba l ] TEMA. PENTRU ACASA. 19 A. Traduceti in limba romana urmatoarele propozitii: I. A lot of people were killed when the house was burnt down. 2. These glasses were broken yesterday. 3. When the sunny spells set in, the ice melted in a short time. 4. Will three pairs of shoes be enough? 5. Today is the thirtieth day of the month. 6. If you don't mop the floor you won't go to the cinema today. B. Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii: 1. Ma trezesc des, cand afara este galagie. 2. Ochelarii tai sunt mai modemi decat ai mei? 3. copaci au fast doborati de uragan. (diateza pasiva) 4. In acest am cazut de pe 0 cHidire inalta. 5. In aceasta iama vremea a fost schimbatoare. 6. Daca negociem yom primi marire de salariu. c. Gasiti din unnatoarele propozitii: I. I will buy this car if it will be cheap. 2. It will be on 23 January. 3. This house wasn't build last year. 4. Last winter was sevire. 5. If she is late for work tomorrow, they fire her. 6. Has that dog been bought last year? - 21 - Exersati cuvintele intr-o alta ordine. Fiti atenti la pronuntie: destination > destinatie pedestrian > [pidestrian1 - pieton witness > [ li itnes] - martor zebra-crossing > [zebra krosin(gl] zebra, trecere de pie- toni underground > landa'graund] - metrou time-table > Itaim lcibl] - orar, program traffic lights > [tr Efi k Iaits ] - stop, semafor onlookers > [onlukarz] - privitori, spectatori ambulance > [Embiulans] - ambulanta cab > [kEb] - taxi right of way > [rail ov lI ei1 prioritate de trecere PARTEA INTAI - 22- LECTIA 20 , - ...... sa incepem lectia cu un grup de cuvinte legate de circulatie. Studiati-le cu atentie: zebra-crossing > [zebra krosin(!l'1 zebra, trecere de pie- toni traffic lights > [trEfik lails] - stop, semafor pedestrian > [pidestrianl pieton right of way l rait ov 1I cij prioritate de trecere > time-table > Itaim leibl] - orar, program cab > [kEb] - taxi .. destination > ] destinatie underground > [andargraund] metrou witness > [ li itnes] martor ambulance > [Embiulans] ambulanta onlookers > [onlul<fl'z] - privitori, spectatori - -- -- -- - 23 - "Even a zebra-crossing can be dangerous". Am luat un taxi ca sa merg la birou. Destinatia acestui vapor este New York. din dreapta are priori tate. Unde pot gasi orarul? Unde merg pietoni? Sunt semafoare in aceasta strada? Pana trecerea de pietoni poate fi periculoasa. Daca mergem cu metroul, yom ajunge mai repede acolo, Privitorii au vrut sa vada totul. Un baiat a fost transportat la spital cu ambulanta. Au fost multi martori Ie acel accident. / >rUeal' a: 1 D/i:z pidestrianz goinlg)1 >fn/a ka: 1 on D 1 {[ rait 11[7 O/a rait ov ueij > IUea l kEn al famd ])/ il lallll telblj > [al tuk il kEb tu get tll [/1 ofis1 > r0 7 ii 0\' O/is IZ niu: io:1k] I ,f' [I, b . > I 1: gOll al _ I' U U anda graund I: i J get 0 1 Cal fa:sti/] Where are these pedestrians going? If we go by underground we will get there faster. The car on the right has the right of way, Where can I find the time-table? In urmatorul exercitiu veti revedea cuvintele noi in propozitii. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare: I took a cab to get to the office. The destination of this ship is New York. There were many witnesses > i 0 1 Cal uaJ meni Uitnislz of that accident. 0\ Diet Eksid:intj One boy was taken to > IUan boi uo! tClkn lu hospital in an ambulance. hospitl in an Embiulansj The onlookers wanted to see> lD/1 onlukal'z uontid tu everything. si: evriTSin(g)] E b . b [. . t I . (l') ven a ze ra-crossmg can e> 1:\'11 a ze)ra ,rOSin c dangerous. !den bI: deindjilras] Are there any traffic lights in >[a: 1 0\:-5r eni trEfik laits this street? in D/js stri:t] - 24- Sa ne intoarcem acum la diateza pasiva. If the> ambulance doesn't come we will take you by car. I often go by > underground. What is your> destination? All > witnesses understood the ques- tions? This> time-table is old. We must make more> zebra-crossings. Do we have the> right of way? There are many> pedestrians in the streets today. The> traffic lights have been out of or- der for two days. There were too many> onlookers. How many> cabs are there in this town? > cab > onlookers > time-table > underground > fight of way > destinatIon > zebra-crossl11g > ambulance > pedestrian > witness > traffic-lights Merg des Cll metroul. Daca nu vine ambulanta, te yom lua cu
Care este destinatia ta? Avem prioritate? Toti martorii au inteles intrebarile? Cu urmatorul exercitiu yom controla in ce masura v-ati cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza: privitori zebra Forma continua la prezent trecut (Present Continuous, Past Continuous) a verbelor la di- ateza pasiva se alcatuie$te cu forma continua a verhului to be, ca verb auxiliar, $i forma being [bi:in lg1 ] aflata inaintea formei a III-a verbului principal. ambulanta metrou Au fost prea multi privitori. destinatie pieton taxi semafor Completati propozitiile cu cuvintele corespunzatoare! Exerati pronuntia: martor Acest orar este vechi. Trebuie sa facem mai l1111lte treceri de pie- toni. Semafoarele nu funetioneaza de doua zile. Cite taxiuri sunt in acest program prioritate de trecere Azi sunt multi pietoni pe strazi. Sa mai Invatam cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare retineti sensullor In limba romana: In urmatorul exercitiu transformati propozitiile cu verbulla diateza activa in propozitii cu verbulla diateza pasiva: injured >[indja'd] - ranit, lovit, avariat unconscious > - involuntar mainly > [I1lClI1lI] - mai ales, mai cu seama III yam >[in\clI1] - zadarnic, inutil, In zadar senous > l si:nas] - serios, important necessary > [nc,IS;l1 i] - necesar. inevitabil - 0 carte este citita. - leri la zece se lacea curatenie in casa. - Am Incercat sa ajutam dar a fost in zadar. - Cred ca aceasta informatie este necesara. - Ei au fost raniti In accident. - Sora lui John lucreaza mai ales noaptea. - Fratele tau este Inca
> [a buk IZ bi:lI1(g) red] > The management was being changed e,telday at two. > Raises are bcing negotiated at the moment. > I lel room IS bcing cleaned now. 25 > [10" braD/ar iz std ankol1:;;asj > [It "af. a \ ert si nas prublam] - Era 0 carte foarte serioasa. > [d\Ol1l ,isla' "a 'b memli Lt Il.lIl J > ["1 1Ia[(! tu help bat It "al' Ill\ClI1j > [IYel ",1.' indp'd 111 [)Ii Eksldalltj > [al') '1l1 1 '!k I)'", 11 I1l'Si ,;111 ] - A book lS bell1g read. - The house was being > [Q/ a haus "az bi: in lg ) cleaned at ten yesterday. kli:nd Et ten iesta'dei] John's sister works mainly at night. I think this information is necessary. lata cuvintele noi in propozqii: Your brother is still unconscious. They are negotiating raises at the moment. She is cleaning her room now. They were changing the management yesterday at two. They were cleaning the house at ten yesterday. lata cateva exemple: They were injured in the accident. We tried to help but it was 111 Yam. She is readll1g a book. It was a very serious book. Desigur ati memorat deja cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza: Toata munca ei nu a valarat nimic.
Rezultatul meciului este patru-zero. - Doi minus doi fac zero. - Sunt grade sub zero. He tried to understand it but> In \ ain. They sell> mainly vegetables. A zebra-crossing is > necessary here. He was> unconS":IOW, for longer than a week. My father asked a > seriolls question. Seven pedestrians were> injured. - 26- > [tu: mainas t\l: iz na:t I > [D"i1 rizalt ov D/a mEt$ iz ro J 1111J > [0.1 hft:' lI a:'k lI a? 1'0:' no:t] seven. It is six degrees below> [it IZ siks dlgri:z bJlou zero. ziroLl] The result of the match is four nil. Two minus two is nought. All her work was for nought. Unneaza un exercitiu nou. Completati propozitiile folosind cuvintele corespunzatoare: 4. Nought (sau naught) [not], se de obicei in matematica literatura: serios, important > sertous mai ales > mamly ranit > injured zadamic > 111 vam necesar > necessary > unconscIous inutil > 111 \ a111 necesar, inevitabil > Dintre toate numeralele nu v-am prezentat inca zeroul. in limba engleza zeroul are mai multe echivalente: EI a incercat sa inteleaga asta, dar in zadar. Ei vand mai ales legume. Aici este necesara 0 trecere de pietoni. El a fost mai mult de 0 saptamana. Tatal meu a pus 0 intrebare serioasa. Au fost raniti pietoni. 2. Nil [niIJ, se la prezentarea rezultatelor sportive: 1. 0 - pronuntat ca [OLl] se utilizeaza atunci cand in!jiram mai multe Her telephone number> [ha: r telifaun namba r IZ Numarul ei de telefon este is nine, two, four, 0, nain tu: fa:' ou se\nj noua, doi, patru, zero, 3. Zero lzirouj, se jolose$te la descrierea unitali/or de masura: -27- "He has a doctor's degree". numar rezultat mmus dedesubt, jos, mai jos, sub grad, masura, treapta They live> below us. It's there, > below. He has a doctor's> degree. I like it only to some> degree. What was the> result of the negotia- tions? What is the> number of your apartment? The temperature is > minus five today. L _ ~ _ In exercitiul anterior ati invatat mai multe cuvinte noi: to prevent > [t u pri vent J a preintampina, a preveni to run over > [IU r a calca, a lovi cu m a ~ i n a ran OU\ a J to hit > [tll hit] a lovi, a nimeri to direct > [tu d'lIrl'k t] a dirij a, a conduce to cause > [t 1I kIn] a cauza, a provoca to travel > I t 1I trE\ II, a calatori Acum i a r a ~ i yom invata verbe noi: Ati vazut deja cuvintele noi in exemple. In exercitiul urmator completati propozitiile cu aceste cuvinte: Care este numarul apartamentului tau? Azi temperatura este de minus cinci grade. number > [nambfl l ] result > Irizalt] minus > [mainas] below > rbilou] degree > [digri: I Ei locuiesc sub noi. Este acolo, jos. EI are doctoratul. Imi place asta doar intr-o oarecare masura. Care a fost rezultatul negocierilor? > (ran] > (hIt] run fonna a III-a hit - A fost un politist. - A fost acolo vreun politist? - Au fost pietoni pe strada? - pierdut cineva viata? - Doi dmtre ei pierdut vJata 0 femeie a fost gray ranita. - Da, a caleat trei oameni. - 0 mare a lovit 0 cladire. - Cand calatoream spre Madrid am vazut un accident groaznic. - Da, dar 0 clipa. > [h It] > [lEn] forma a II-a hit ran 28 > [tid' lYe,l' cnl p:lli sman IYCd'J > [tu ,1\ lYem ",I ' klld Fnd ",In 'um,ln "dZ si 11,IS11 indJd.'d] > [ICS IYa Ll ' rEn OU\ a' 1"11 pi pI] > [tl az ctllboUI kJld] > [tl a ' [Yea' cnl pldcstJlanZ m IYa SI111] > ["en "I "a' trEv]m(gl tu madI id til so a tCrIb! I-"ksldant] > (I an] > [hit] Were there any policemen there? There was one policeman. Was anybody killed? Two of them were killed and one woman was seriously injured. Were there any pedestrians in the street? A big car hit a building. Yes, the car ran over three people. Yes, but wait a moment. Sa analtzam separat fiecare propozitle. Cltiti cu voce tare: When we were travellmg to Madrid we saw a terrible accident. Doua dintre aceste verbe sunt neregulate. lata formele lor: hit A: Yes, but wait a moment. A big car hit a building. S: Were there any pedestrians in the street? A: Yes, the car ran over three people. Two of them were killed and one woman was injured. S: Were there any policemen there? A: There was one policeman. He directed the traffic but could not prevent the accident. S: Do you know what caused the accident? A: I think the car was out of order. formal s: Was anybody killed? A: When we were travelling to Madrid we saw a terrible accident. in dialogul nostril apare clI\'iintlll could [kud]. Acesta este forma de trecut a verbllilli modal can. Verbele noi apar in urmatorul dialog. Cititi textul cu atentie: run Raspundeti in limba engleza la unnatoarele intrebari: Traduce!i urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza: Acum ne vom ocupa de pronumele interogativ who urilizarea lui: Cred ca a fast defecHi. EI a dirijat circula!ia, dar nu a putut preintampina accidentul. Cine te Cine s-a dus acasa? Cine au fost oameni? Cu cine te-ai intalnit? > The car was out of order. > Yes, there was one policeman. > Two of the three people were killed. > He directed the traffic. > The woman \Vas II1Jured. > The bIg ear hit a bui lding.. > \Ve saw that terrible d..::cident when we \\ere travelling to \1adnd > The car ran over three people. > \Vhl) ,Ire you look 1I1g for <10\\ 0 > Who \\:lS kJikd ill accident') > Who do you Sc:C III the stleet every day'? > \V ho is thIS man i'l a hnm11 coat'? > Who \', hcal,tiful letters'? - 29- Eksidant] > [ai TSin(g)k D/a ka: r u oz aut ov o.IUr1t I > [du IU: nOll liot ku:zd D/i - Stii ce a cauzat accidentul? > [h1: dairektid O/a trEfik bat kuJ not privent O/j Eksidant 1 What did he do? What happened to the woman? What did the big car hit? What caused the accident? Were there any policemen there? Who likes you? Who went home? Who was killed? Acesr pronume are mai mulre intelesuri: cine, pe cine, cui, cine, care, pe care. Daca intelesul lui who este cine, inrrebarea se refera doar la persoana who poare jifolosit ca subsrantiv. in acest caz ordineapropozi(iei este directa, strucrura sa este ajirmariva, iar verbul este la perso- ana a III-a singular. How many people did the car run over? Who were these people? Who did you meet? When did you see that terrible accident? He directed the traffic but could not prevent the accident. Cine pierdut via!a in acest accident? Pe cine vezi pe strada in fiecare zi? Cine este acest barbat in haina maro? Cine scrie aceste scrisori minunate? Pe cine cau!i acum? Do you know what caused the accident? in eazul in care pronumele interogativ who anare cu celalalte in(elesuri, interogativul se for- meaza cu ajulorul verbelor auxiliare, forma corespunzatoare a verbului to be sau a verbelor modale: I think the car was out of order. - 30- Maririle de salarii sunt negociate de catre sindicat. Acest scaun a fost !acut de Peter. > Who do you lIke? > These cars are made by a factory m Chicago. > Hc \\as kIlled by two men. > Old they hay e the right of way'? > Is he seriously mjured'! > The traffic is bell1g directed by a police- man no\'.. > Who wrote this time-table? > My number is one, nme. 0, five, two, 0. > Forty Jl1l11US furty IS uro/nought. > He travels main Iy by underground. > These people tried to help but in \ am. > These witnesses saw the accident best. > f was woken up by nOIsy children > It \'. as five degrces below zero. > Who was run ovcr by a cab? > The radio has been turned on by John. > [D/is 1I 0z meid bai pi:ti/] > [reiziz a: 1 bi:in lg ) bal D/[I treld 1U:Jl1an] Raises are being negotiated by the trade-union. This chair was made by Peter. Am fost trezit de copii El s-a ranit grav? El a fost ucis de doi oameni. Pe cine
for, look for, prepozitia trebuie sa apara in diateza pasiva: : I ! I looked for it yesterday. - It was looked for yesterday. I ------ ---- --------------------- -_/ Ace;;ti martori au vazut cel mai bine acci- dentul. Patruzeci minus patruzeci fac zero. Circulatia este dirijata acum de un politist. De exemplu: Radioul tocmai a fost pomit de catre John. Aceste sunt !acute de 0 fabrica din Chicago. El mai ales cu metroul. The trade-union is negotiating raises, Au fost cinci grade sub zero. Cine a fost calcat de un taxi? Numarul meu de telefon este unu, noua, zero, cinci, doi, zero. Peter made this chair, In exercitiul urmator, traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza: Cine a scris acest orar? Ei au avut prioritate de trecere? oameni au incercat sa ajute dar zadamic. Si iata ultimul exercitiu al acestei parti, in care 'lorn recapitula materialul invatat pana acum. Traduce!i propozitiile in limba engleza: Ne vom intoarce acum fa pasiwI Pentru a indica persoana care executa activitatea in propozitia fa diateza pasiva, se prepozitia by. Cuvintele silabele accentuate sunt tiparite LECTIA 20 - PARTEA A DOVA , Cititi cu atentie unnatorul dialog! Repetati exercitiul pana cand va convingeti de faptul ca v-ati pe deplin pronuntia intonatia. Peter, have you ever been in an accident? No, I haven't, but my brother was yesterday afternoon. How did it happen? My brother was on a zebra-crossing at the traffic-lights and a cab was coming from the right. And... what happened? The cab didn't stop in time and my brother was hit by it. Was your brother injured? Yes, he was, but fortunately not seriously. I am glad he wasn't seriously injured. Were there any witnesses who saw the accident? There were many onlookers, and the witnesses say my brother did not cause the accident. I feel so tired after a hard day of work. People are tired when they get home from factories and offices. And they do nothing only go to bed early because they are sleepy. When it is too noisy outside they wake up. I usually wake up even when it's only a little noisy. But when you have a nightmare you are glad when you hear the alarm clock. Peter. do you travel mainly by underground to your office? Yes, J do. You travel by underground fast and easily. Yes, but it has become very expensive. Do you have a time-table? There are so many underground trains that you don't need a time-table. And a modem underground is not noisy or dirty. - 31 - Have you heard the news that yesterday a pedestrian was hit by a car at the traffic-lights? No, I haven't, but some pedestrians think they always have the right of way. But everybody knows that it is not true. Yes, everybody knows it only the pedestrians don't. We must all try to prevent accidents. You are right. Policemen cannot do everything. I think it is better when there are also traffic-lights. Barbara: John: Barbara: John: Barbara: John: Barbara: John: Barbara: John: Mary: Peter: Mary: Peter: Mary: Mary: Peter: Mary: Peter: John: Barbara: Mary: Peter: Mary: Peter: Peter: - 32- In ultimul exercitiu al leetiei, traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza: > In this changeable \\ e;11her ] don't forget my umbrella. > 1Ie needs a new paIr of glasses. > Many ships vvere wrecked. > These sho\Vers arc good for au' garden. > These sci:-.sors arc dangerous for children. > This IS already the fourth gale in eleven days > The Ice has alnC:,lLty melted. > Fl\ e people were kIlkd in that disaster. > The fire was blovv n out by a strong wind. > Is that wardrobe made of Vvood? > Our housc burnt dO\\ n last v\ eek. > She \\ ,J>, lIih:OJbCIl'Us \\hen she \\ as t"ken to !lo"PI tal. > 1hese bll10culars an:: oid; I n..:ed a new pair. > They bought "'X pairS or trousers. > Your spectacles are on your pilloVv. > \1dWy pedplc .1IT killed on thb narnm n)ad > How much are these alarm eloch) > This is a bedspread 1'01' a sll1g1e bed. > In that sc\ele \\ II1kr there \Vas a lot or cknse fog. > He was snoring nOIsily > We sold ten pairs of shoes. > I hm e burnt my ham!. > Aftcr thc sunny spells there was a thunderstorm. El a sforait zgomotos. Au cumparat perechi de pantaloni. In acea iama aspra a fost de multe ori ceata deasa. Noi am vandut zece perechi de pantofi. Aceste averse sunt de ploaie bune pentru gradina noastra. Casa noastra a ars pana in teme!ii saptamana trecuta. Acest binoclu este vechi, am nevoie de unul nou. Ace! dulap este facut din lemn? Aceste foarfece sunt periculoase pentru copii. In aceasta vreme schimbatoare nu-mi uit umbrela. Gheata s-a topit deja. Cinci oameni pierdut viata in acel dezastru. Focul a fost stins de un vant putemic. Aceasta este deja a patra furtuna in un- sprezece zile. El are nevoie de 0 pereche noua de oche- lari. Multe vapoare au suferit naufragiu. Aceasta este 0 cuvertura pentru un pat de 0 singura persoana. Cat costa aceste ceasuri Dupa vremea insorita a fost 0 furtuna cu trasnete. Ochelarii tai sunt pe perna tao Mi-am ars mana. Multi oameni pierd viata pe acest drum ingust. Ea era dnd a fost dusa la spital. - 33- Iar acum iata exercitiul de pronuntie. Repetati cuvintele fiti atenti la pronuntia corecta a sunetelor Literele aflate in coloana, scrise desemneaza sunete iden- tice: Asta s-a 'intamplat 'in a noua zi. Temperatura va cobori sub zero grade. Nimanui nu-i place aceasta caldura
Acest drum este alunecos in mod periculos. Daca ai nevoie de bani, ii vei gasi pe raft. Acest accident s-a intamplat in data de 27 iunie. Cumparatorul tocmai este servit de un vanzator. Cine a solicitat aceasta slujba? De cine ai nevoie? Ei au prevenit accidentul? rei J [0: J [i' ] l i J vain cause degree serious train nought least spring mainly brought leave build rain thought deep > This happened on the ninth day, > The temperature wIll drop below zero. > Nobody lIkes this opplessive heat. > This road is dangerously slippery. > If you need this money you \\ ill fInd it on the shelf. > This accident happened 011 27th .Junc. > The cLlstomer is just being served by a shop-assistant. > Who applied for this Job? > Who do you need') > Have they prevented the accident? RECAPITULARE 20 Dad un verb este compus din doua parti, de exemplu: "wait for, look for", atunci prepozitia trebuie sa apara la diateza pasiva: Se 0 carte tocmai acum. - Pe cine ai vazut? > [a buk iz bi:in(g) red] - Cine te - Circulatia a fost dirijata de un politist. - The bus was waited for. - 34- A book is being read. Who did you see? Who likes you? We waited for the bus. The traffic was directed by a policeman. (Traducerea cuvant cu cuvant: ,,0 carte este citita tocmai acum".) 20.2.2. In cazul in care pronumele interogativ "who" are oricare din semnificatii- lor, formam interogativul cu ajutorul verbului auxiliar, a verbului "to be", sau a verbului modal: 20.1.2. Dad vrem sa indicam persoana care executa activitatea in propozitia la diateza pasiva, folosim prepozitia "by": She is reading a book. 20.1. Dad verbul la diateza pasiva este la un timp continuu (Present Continuous, Past Continuous) atunci stmctura predicatului este forma continua a verbului "to be", ca verb auxiliar forma a III-a a verbului principal, iar cuvantul "being" l bi: 111 J trece inaintea fonnei a III-a a verbului. 20.2. Pronumele interogativ "who" 20.2.1. In cazul in care semnificatia pronumelui interogativ este "cine" ordinea pro- pozitiei interogative este directa, stmctura sa este afirmativa iar verbul este la persoana a III-a singular: TEMA PENTRU ACASA 20 A. Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba romana: 1. Can these pedestrians be witnesses? 2. Who told you about the negotiations? 3. Who have you seen on TV? 4. If you don't iron this shirt I will not put it on. 5. The beds are being delivered at the moment. 6. The underground will take you to your destination. B. Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza: I. Am calatorit repede cu avionul. 2. Circulatia a fost dirijata de politist? 3. Casa noastra se la un colt periculos. (diateza pasiva) 4. Cu cine ai vorbit? 5. Vecinii taie aCUl11 copacii. 6. Dacii l11ananci cina, vei pril11i inghetata. C. Corectati din unnatoarele propozitii: 1. She bought only necesary things. 2. Who did hit him? 3. Work has been done through Peter. 4. How much is this scissors? 5. This job was applied. - 35- Lista verbelor neregulate din lectiile 19 ~ i 20 forma I forma a II-a bum > [ba:1n] burnt > [ba:1nt] can > [kEn I could > [klld1 dream > [dri:m] dreamt > ldremt] freeze > [fri:z] froze > [frouz] get > Iget] got > rgot] hit > [hit] hit > [hit] run > [ran] ran > [rEn] set > [set] set > [sel] wake > [velk] woke > [vouk] - 36- forma a III-a burnt > [ba:1nt I could > [kud] dreamt > Idremtl frozen > [1l-llLlzn] got > rgot] hit > [hit] run > [ran] set > [set] woken > [voukn] I :;:::;:;:;:;:;:;:::::::;:;:;: I I VOCABULARVL LECTIILOR 19 20 alarm clock r ceas > [ala: m klok] ambulance > [Embiulans] ambulanta bedspread > [bedspred] - cuvertura de pat below >[bilou] dedesubt, jos, mai jos, sub binoculars > [binokiularz] binoclu blanket > [bIEn(g)kit] cuvertura, patura to blow > [tu blou] a sufla, a se arde to be blown down > [tu bi: blolln daun] a dobor!, a rastuma to be blown out > [tll bi: bloun aut] a stinge, a sufla tu burn > [tu ba:rn] a arde, a praj i, a fi 'aprins tu be burnt down r a arde pana in temelii, a >[tu bi: ba: nt dalln] arde de tot cab > [kEb] taxi to cause > [Ill ko:z] - a cauza changeable > schimbator dangerous > [deindjaras] periculos degree > [digri:] grad, masura, treapta dense > [dens] - dens, compact destination > destinatie dew > [diu:] roua to direct > [tu dairekt] - a dirij a, a conduce dirty > [da:rti] murdar double >[dabl] dublu double bed > [dabl bed] pat dublu dream > [dri:m] VIS to dream > [tu dri:m] a visa, a inchipui dressing-gown > [dresin(g) gaun] halat, capot to drizzle > [tu drizl] a bumita, a ploua marunt to drop > [tu drop] a picura, a cadea, a scapa to drown > [tu draun] a ineca, a se ineca, a scufunda to be drowned > [tu bi: drallnd] a fi inecat - 37- to freeze > l tu fri:z] a ingheta, a degera gale > [geil] vant puternie, furtuna to get > [tu get] a obpne, a ajunge, a deveni glasses > [gla:siz] oehelari hail > [heil ] grindma to hit > [tu hit] a lovi, a nimeri hurricane > [hallkan] uragan, furtuna Ice > [als] gheata if > [I f] daea, presupunand ea injured > [indjard] lovit, ranit, avariat m vam > [in vein] zadamie, inutil, in zadar to kill > [tu kill a omori, a ueide to be killed > [tu bi: kild] a-;;i pierde viata, a eadea (in razboi) mainly > [mclI1lt] mai ales to melt > [tu melt] a tOpl, a se topi mmus > [mainas] minus modem > [moda1n] modem, nou, contemporan naught, (nought) > [no:t] zero, nul, nimie necessary > [ncsisari] necesar, inevitabil to need > [tu ni:d] a avea nevoie de, a trebui nightmare > [naltmea 1 ] co;;mar nil > [nil] zero, nimie noisy > [noIZl ] zgomotos, galagios nought, (naught) > [no.t I nimic, zero, nula number > [namba l ] numar, numeral oh, 0 > [au] zero onlookers > [onluka'z] privitori, speetatori oppressive > [opresiv] apasator, inabu;;itor pair > [pea' ] pereche pedestrian > [pidestrian] pieton pillow > [pilau] perna - 38- to prevent > [tu priventJ a preintampina, a preveni quiet > [kualiH! calm, potolit result > [nzalt] rezultat, consecinta right of way > [rait ov u ei] prioritate (de trecere) road > [roud I drum, rug > [rag] carpeta l' a calca (de 0 to run over > [tu ran oliva] scissors > [sizal'z] foarfeca serious > [si:rias] serios, important to set in > [tu set in] a incepe, a veni (un anotimp) severe > [sivial'] sever, aspru shade > umbra, nuanta to shave > [tu a barbieri, a se barbieri sheet > foaie (de hirtie) sheets > ["i:ls] foi (de hirtie) shower > [:;>aua'] aversa, ploaie torentiaHi single > [singl] singur, unic, necasatorit single bed > [singl bed] pat de 0 singura persoana sleepy > [sli:pi] somnoros, adormit slippery > [slipariJ alunecos l' a sforai to snore > [tu 5no: ] spectacles > IspekUiklz] ochelari sunny spells > [sani spelz] vreme insorita thaw > [Tso:] dezghet, topire thunderstorm > [T' anda \"SlO: I'm] furtuna cu traznete time-table > [laim teibl] orar, program , traffic-lights > [trEfik laits] stop, semafor to travel > [tu trEvl] a diHitori trousers > [trauza' zl pantalon umbrella > [ambrela] umbrela unconsciOUS > - involuntar underground l' > [anda graundJ metrou - 39- to undress > [tu andres] a se dezbraca unpleasant > [anpleznt] nepIacut to wake up > [tLl ueik ap] a se trezi wardrobe > [lI o 'droub] garderobii, dulap de haine [li. ] witness > \tnes martor, martor ocular to wreck > [tu rekJ a srariima, a sparge, a distruge to be wrecked > [tLl bi: rekt] - a suferi un naufragiu, a se deteriaza zebra-crossing > [zebra krosin(gi] zebra trecere de pietoni .. zero > [zirou] zero, nul .. ~ - 40-