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March 11, 2013

Contents
1 2 3 4 4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 2 3 3 4

5 6 5.1 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.1 Arts and Humanities Research Council (..): Practice-Led Research in Arts Design and Architecture Review (2007) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5.1.2 Belgrade Academy of Arts: Creative Industries - PhD . . . . . . . . . 7 5.1.3 Bologna Process / European University Association . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.1.4 Glasgow School of Art (UK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.1.5 Humboldt Universitaet zu Berlin () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.1.6 INED (Institut National dEtudes Demographiques) () . . . . . . 7 5.1.7 Irish Universities Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.1.8 Irish Universities Quality Board () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.1.9 McGill University () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.1.10 National College of Art and Design (Ireland) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.1.11 PhD in Arts and Design from Leiden University Academy of Creative and Performing Arts and the Royal Academy of Art (KABK) in The Hague 8

5.2 5.3

5.1.12 UK Quality Assurance Association for Universities (..) . . . . . . . 5.1.13 Universite de Paris VI (Pierre et Marie Curie) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.14 University of California, Santa Barbara, Media Art and Technology (H..) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.15 University of Cambridge (H.B.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.16 University of London (H.B.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.17 University of Melbourne () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.18 University of Queensland () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.19 University of Stirling (UK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.20 University of Washington, DXArts (H..) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . Blog entries by artists / researchers involved in practice based PhDs: . . . . . .

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 13 13 13 16 18 19 21

6 : / 6.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.1 , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.2 , . . . . . . . 6.1.3 , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.4 Quality Assurance Agency For Higher Education (UK) . . . . . . . . . 6.1.5 Cambridge University, Code of Practice (UK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.6 Cambridge University, Faculty of Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.7 McGill University (Canada) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.8 UCSB Media Arts And Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.9 London University (UK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.10 University of Queensland (Australia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2.1 Eric Feron (Georgia Institute of Technology) . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2.2 . T. Kung (Harvard University) / Allen Newell . . . . . . . . . 6.3 / 6.3.1 University of California, Santa Barbara: Media Art and Technology Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.2 Melbourne University: PhD Degree Dissertation and Creative Works . 6.3.3 Leiden University, Academy of Creative and Performing Arts and Royal Academy of Art (The Hague): PhD in Arts and Design . . . . . . . . . 6.3.4 University of London: Regulations for Degrees of MPhil and PhD (2006) 6.4 () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1
. . () . .

2
. Creative Industries, , (Visual Arts, Sound Art, Design), , , -- (Digital Arts, Art and Technology, Art-Science-Technology, ew Media Art, Media Art Technology). .

3
: Bologna Process, European University Association Dublin Descriptors Salzburg Recommendations I Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (UK) Irish Universities Quality Board : : Melbourne University, 3 Sidney : Sorbonne UPMC, INED

 : Humbold Universitaet zu Berlin : EKA, , : University of California, Santa Barbara, Purdue, University of Washington : University of Cambridge, University of London, The Glasgow School of Art : Irish Universitites Quality Board, NUI Galway : McGill University : PhD in Arts and Design from Leiden University Academy of Creative and Performing Arts and the Royal Academy of Art (KABK) in The Hague : Belgrade Academy of Arts (. )

4
4.1
. (. ). , . , . Dublin Descriptors (2005). To Irish Universities Quality Board : Irish Universities Graduate Skills Statement. , . . Dissertation Research: Originality shall be demonstrated by a) showing extensive knowledge of current theories and practices in the field, including their history, discourse, and prospect, and b) either addressing a known problem in the field in a new way, or addressing an emerging or new problem that the field has yet to fully recognize. Rigor shall be demonstrated by establishing clear and comprehensive research methods, stating a clear and well thought out hypothesis, carrying

out thorough research experimentation to test that hypothesis, and carefully and thoughtfully evaluating the results. .. , , . : (1) / , (2) (3) (practicebased) / . . Prof. Eric Feron Georgia Institute of Technology Ecole Nationale de lAviation Civile Harvard University . . Kung, Allen Newell, (. ). (: , practice elements), , . , Salzburg Principles (2005), Salzburg II recommendations (2010) Doctoral Programmes for the European Knowledge Society, Bologna Process, : i. The core component of doctoral training is the advancement of knowledge through original research. At the same time it is recognised that doctoral training must increasingly meet the needs of an employment market that is wider than academia : iii. The importance of diversity: the rich diversity of doctoral programmes in Europe including joint doctorates is a strength which has to be underpinned by quality and sound practice viii. The promotion of innovative structures: to meet the challenge of interdisciplinary training and the development of transferable skills. : 3.2. Autonomy Institutions need autonomy to be able to establish, and be accountable for, diverse structures with different research strategies and strengths. The use of specific tools must be decided autonomously within the institution in accordance with the profile of the doctoral programme and the needs of the doctoral candidate.. , , . Practice Based PhD , Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education Report Doctoral Characteristics Consultation Document (2011), . 14-15. , University of London (2006), (), Washington (USA), (Leiden, den Haag). , , Practice Based PhD, Design (Fine Arts, Performance Arts), , (Cross 1999, Malins and Gray

1995, Candy 2006, PBP 2009, Yee 2010), . , , Gray and Malins 2004 Gray and Malins 2011). To Gray and Malins 2004 .

4.2 ,
, Dublin Descriptors. Dublin Descriptors Bologna. Irish Universities Quality Board () PhD in Arts and Design from Leiden University Academy of Creative and Performing Arts and the Royal Academy of Art (KABK) in The Hague ( , ). , Salzburg Recommendations, , . , Dublin Descriptors : Qualifications that signify completion of the 3rd cycle are awarded to students who: Have demonstrated a systematic understanding of a field of study and mastery of the skills and methods of research associated with that field. Have demonstrated the ability to conceive, design, implement and adapt a substantial process of research with scholarly integrity. Have made a contribution through original research that extends the frontier of knowledge by developing a substantial body of work, some of which merits national or international refereed publication. Are capable of critical analysis, evaluation and synthesis of new and complex ideas. Can communicate with their peers, the larger scholarly community and with society in general about their areas of expertise. Can be expected to be able to promote, within academic and professional contexts, technological, social or cultural advancement in a knowledge based society. Glossary The word professional is used in the descriptors in its broadest sense, relating to those attributes relevant to undertaking work or a vocation and that involves the application of some aspects of advanced learning. It is not used with regard to those specific requirements relating to regulated professions. The latter may be identified with the profile/specification.

 The word competence is used in the descriptors in its broadest sense, allowing for gradation of abilities or skills. It is not used in the narrower sense identified solely on the basis of a yes/no assessment. The word research is used to cover a wide variety of activities, with the context often related to a field of study; the term is used here to represent a careful study or investigation based on a systematic understanding and critical awareness of knowledge. The word is used in an inclusive way to accommodate the range of activities that support original and innovative work in the whole range of academic, professional and technological fields, including the humanities, and traditional, performing, and other creative arts. It is not used in any limited or restricted sense, or relating solely to a traditional scientific method.

(http://www.eua.be/typo3conf/ext/bzb_securelink/pushFile.php?cuid=2556&file=fileadmin/user_upload/files/EUA p. 3. Draft 1 working document on JQI meeting in Dublin on 18 October 2004) 3 , . , . , . . , . , , . , . Yee (2010). , , , . , , . , , pool . . :

1. ( ) . 2. (Research Forum), . 3. 2, .

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5.1
5.1.1 Arts and Humanities Research Council (..): Practice-Led Research in Arts Design and Architecture Review (2007) http://ia700304.us.archive.org/23/items/ReviewOfPractice-ledResearchInArtDesignArchitecture/PacticeledReviewNov07.pdf http://ia700304.us.archive.org/23/items/ReviewOfPractice-ledResearchInArtDesignArchitecture/PracticeledReviewAppendicesNov07.pdf 5.1.2 Belgrade Academy of Arts: Creative Industries - PhD http://www.akademijaumetnosti.edu.rs/eng/EntertainmentIDFD.php 5.1.3 Bologna Process / European University Association Bologna process summary: http://www.nqai.ie/documents/bolognasummary.pdf

Dublin Descriptors: http://www.eua.be/typo3conf/ext/bzb_securelink/pushFile.php?cuid=2556&file=fileadmin Salzburg conclusions: http://www.eua.be/eua/jsp/en/upload/Salzburg_Conclusions.1108990538850.pdf European Charter for Researchers: http://www.nencki.gov.pl/en/european-charter-forresearchers http://www.eua.be/cde/publications.aspx 5.1.4 Glasgow School of Art (UK) http://www.gsa.ac.uk/media/185441/GSA_phd_mphil-1.pdf 5.1.5 Humboldt Universitaet zu Berlin () http://www.agrar.hu-berlin.de/lehre-en/guidethesis

5.1.6 INED (Institut National dEtudes Demographiques) ()

http://www.ined.fr/fichier/t_telechargement/53486/telechargement_fichier_en_charter.for.doctoral.students.2012.pdf 5.1.7 Irish Universities Association http://www.iua.ie/ 5.1.8 Irish Universities Quality Board () http://www.4thlevelireland.ie/publications/Graduate_Skills_Statement.pdf 5.1.9 McGill University () http://www.mcgill.ca/gps/sites/mcgill.ca.gps/files/theses_guidelines_2013.pdf 5.1.10 National College of Art and Design (Ireland) http://www.ncad.ie/study-at-ncad/postgraduate/phd-research/ 5.1.11 PhD in Arts and Design from Leiden University Academy of Creative and Performing Arts and the Royal Academy of Art (KABK) in The Hague http://www.kabk.nl/pageEN.php?id=0206 5.1.12 UK Quality Assurance Association for Universities (..) 5.1.13 Universite de Paris VI (Pierre et Marie Curie) http://www.ifd.upmc.fr/en/index.html http://www.ifd.upmc.fr/en/focus.html http://www.ifd.upmc.fr/modules/resources/download/ifd/textes_references/charte_du_doctorat.pdf http://www.upmc.fr/en/index.html http://www.upmc.fr/en/research/research_policy2.html 5.1.14 University of California, Santa Barbara, Media Art and Technology (H..) http://www.mat.ucsb.edu/phd.php 5.1.15 University of Cambridge (H.B.)

[[http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/students/studentregistry/current/graduate/policy/pdf/code_of_practice11_12.pdf][Cam (Graduate Policy Manual) 5.1.16 University of London (H.B.) http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/rules/University%20of%20London%20MPhilPhD%20regulations.pdf

5.1.17 University of Melbourne () http://gradresearch.unimelb.edu.au/docs/in-detail/Creative_Works_PhD.pdf 5.1.18 University of Queensland () http://www.uq.edu.au/student-services/phdwriting/phlink03.html 5.1.19 University of Stirling (UK) http://www.research.stir.ac.uk/documents/Guidelinesforpractice-basedPhDs-masterversionADDED.pd 5.1.20 University of Washington, DXArts (H..) http://www.dxarts.washington.edu/graduate-program

5.2 , ,
Candy, Linda (2002) Co-Creativity in Art + Technology. In: Creativity & Cognition 2002: 134141. (http://research.it.uts.edu.au/creative/COSTART/pdfFiles/i3.pdf) Candy, Linda (2006) Practice based research: A guide. Report from Creativity and Cognition Studios, University of Technology, Sydney. (http://www.creativityandcognition.com/resources/PBR%20Guide-1.1-2006.pdf) Candy, Linda (2009) Practice-Based Research and the PhD: A Study. (http://research.it.uts.edu.au/creative/linda/PBR/pdfs/CCS-PBR%20Main%20Report.pdf) Cross, Nigel (1999) Design Research: A Disciplined Conversation. Design Issues Vol. 15 No. 2, pp. 5-10. (http://design.open.ac.uk/cross/documents/DesignResearch.pdf) Gray, Carole and Julian Malins (eds.) (2011) SuperVision: Insights into Supervising Research Degrees in Art and Design. Gower. Gray, Carole and Julian Malins (2004) Visualizing Research: A Guide To The Research Process In Art And Design. Ashgate. (http://www.upv.es/laboluz/master/seminario/textos/Visualizing_Research.pdf) Malins, Julian, Carole Gray, Katie Bunnell ad Eleanor Wheeler (1995) Appropriate Research Methodologies for Artists, Designers & Craftspersons: Research as a Learning Process. (http://carolegray.net/Papers%20PDFs/cc.pdf) Yee, Joyce S. R. (2010) Methodological Innovation in Practice-Based Design Doctorates. Journal of Research Practice, Vol. 6, Issue 2. (http://jrp.icaap.org/index.php/jrp/article/view/196/193) Mullins, Gerry and Margaret Kiley (2002) Its a PhD, not a Nobel Prize: how experienced examiners assess research theses. Studies in Higher Education Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 369-386. (http://www.studentservices.uwa.edu.au/__data/page/65297/Its_a_PhD_not_a_Nobel_Prize.pdf)

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5.3 Blog entries by artists / researchers involved in practice based PhDs:

http://www.afterall.org/online/art-practice-and-the-doctoral-degree http://fuel.rca.ac.uk/articles/thoughts-on-art-practice-phds

6 : /
6.1
6.1.1 , , / . 6.1.2 , , . (http://www.aueb.gr/csphd/Docs/OdigosPhd02.pdf) 6.1.3 , . (http://www.dmst.aueb.gr/index.php/el/postgraduate/phdprogram) 6.1.4 Quality Assurance Agency For Higher Education (UK) All UK doctorates, however, continue to require the main focus of the candidates work to be their contribution to knowledge in their discipline or field, through original research, or the original application of existing knowledge or understanding. In professional and practice-based doctorates the research may be undertaken in the workplace and may have a direct effect on improving the professional practice of individuals and their host organisation. (http://www.qaa.ac.uk/Publications/InformationAndGuidance/Pages/Doctoral_characteristics.aspx, p. 7) 6.1.5 Cambridge University, Code of Practice (UK) A research dissertation must have at its core a clear research thesis, that is, a proposition laid down or stated, esp. as a theme to be discussed and proved, or to be maintained against attack. (OED). The work must be focused, with definable objectives and boundaries, achievable in the time and word limit available. It requires investigation, analysis, comprehension and critique at a high level.

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(http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/students/studentregistry/current/graduate/policy/pdf/code_of_practice11_12.pdf p. 21)) 6.1.6 Cambridge University, Faculty of Philosophy To qualify for the award of the Ph.D. degree, the Universitys regulations require a thesis to be in English (apart from quotations and technical formulae), to be clearly written, to take due account of previously published work on the subject, and to represent a significant contribution to learning, for example through the discovery of new knowledge, the connection of previously unrelated facts, the development of new theory, or the revision of older views. (http://www.phil.cam.ac.uk/grads/Grad_Handbook.pdf p. 21) 6.1.7 McGill University (Canada) A thesis for the Doctoral degree must constitute original scholarship and must be a distinct contribution to knowledge. It must show familiarity with previous work in the field and must demonstrate ability to plan and carry out research, organize results, and defend the approach and conclusions in a scholarly manner. The research presented must meet current standards of the discipline; as well, the thesis must clearly demonstrate how the research advances knowledge in the field. Finally, the thesis must be written in compliance with norms for academic and scholarly expression and for publication in the public domain (see section: withholding a thesis from circulation temporarily). (http://www.mcgill.ca/gps/sites/mcgill.ca.gps/files/theses_guidelines_2013.pdf) 6.1.8 UCSB Media Arts And Technology A dissertation is an original, rigorous, and significant contribution to knowledge (http://www.mat.ucsb.edu/phd.php) 6.1.9 London University (UK) The thesis shall [] form a distinct contribution to the knowledge of the subject and afford evidence of originality by the discovery of new facts and/or by the exercise of independent critical power (http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/rules/University%20of%20London%20MPhilPhD%20regulations.pdf p. 3)

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6.1.10 University of Queensland (Australia) the work must: make an original and significant contribution to knowledge and understanding in the relevant field of study as judged by independent experts applying accepted contemporary international standards. : University of Queensland Doctor of Philosophy Handbook: The doctoral thesis provides evidence of a contribution to knowledge with a level of originality consistent with 3-4 years of full-time study and supervised research training. It also demonstrates a candidates capacity for critical analysis and that he/she is capable of pursuing scholarly and programmatic research that answers significant questions within a 3-4 year time frame. (http://www.uq.edu.au/student-services/phdwriting/phlink03.html)

6.2
6.2.1 Eric Feron (Georgia Institute of Technology) PhD contributions may be partitioned in a few categories, which I detail below. These categories include cool theorems and new methods, cool models and applications, beautiful, first-ofa-kind demonstrations, and cool engineering ideas. Cool theorems and new methods This category of contribution is defined by a strong mathematical content, punctuated by theorems (or lemmas) throughout the work. Typically, the theorems are there to establish indisputable truths given a set of assumptions or axioms, and they may or may not relate to an immediately important engineering problem. Presumably, engineering-oriented academic units would like to see some connection between the theorem and real-world applications, including new engineering design and analysis methods, but this is not an absolute requirement, although the real-world is filled with particular scenarios that really lend themselves to nice, abstract thinking that make it easier to come up with original results quickly. This type of contribution requires a strong background in mathematics and logic, meaning advanced undergraduate and graduate mathematics courses aimed at students majoring in mathematics. The kind of mathematics courses specifically offered to students majoring in engineering usually does not constitute sufficient preparation. The example of a thesis that fits in this category is shown here. Cool models and predictions from these models This category includes any model that is extracted from real-world data to fulfill a useful application. Coming up with mathematical (in an extended sense) models of a real-world application is very useful because it often allows other researchers to follow-on with numerical experiments and real-world implementations. Many of my students have used the models contributed by previous students. The most famous models include Einsteins and Newtons theories of system dynamics, which are used every day for applications ranging from air bags to Global Positioning Systems. Nice models may range from innovative representations of experimental data to compact mathematical explanations of observed

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phenomena. Coming up with models requires, however, much attention. First of all, a model must be defined from qualified data, and data is often scarce enough not to be of much value for defining reliable models. Second, the model must be of enough significance: A model designed for an ultra-narrow range of operations may not be of much use and therefore may not constitute a significant enough contribution. An example of such a thesis (well, an article that summarizes the thesis) can be found here. Beautiful, first-of-a-kind demonstrations This category of PhD theses is not characterized by objective factors, but rather by the wow factor: Beautiful experimental demonstrations of an original, but not necessarily outstanding idea usually belong to this category. PhD candidates who succeed in this category of thesis usually are in great demand by University communication professionals. One of the main challenges of this type of contribution is the necessity to clearly isolate what constitutes the novelty of the demonstration at hand. However, they can sometimes get some hard time from examiners if the technologies supporting the achievement do not contain any novelty. An example of such a thesis is given here. Cool engineering ideas This last category encompasses PhD theses that emerged from one, usually simple, patentable engineering idea. While the process driving the analysis of the idea may not be radically new, the idea itself falls outside the range of what is known to mankind. Such ideas drive many people to developing startup companies. Since the contribution of the thesis is the idea itself, it is important that it be, at least in part, that of the PhD candidate. An example of such a thesis is given here. 6.2.2 . T. Kung (Harvard University) / Allen Newell Types of Ph.D. theses (from Allen Newell)not a topic of this talk Opens up new area Provides unifying framework Resolves long-standing question Thoroughly explores an area Contradicts existing knowledge Experimentally validates theory Produces an ambitious system Provides empirical data Derives superior algorithms Develops new methodology

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 Develops a new tool Produces a negative result http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~htk/thesis.htm

6.3 /
6.3.1 University of California, Santa Barbara: Media Art and Technology Program The Doctor of Philosophy degree in Media Arts and Technology prepares students for academic research and teaching positions, for research and leadership positions in industry and government, and for leadership positions in relevant artistic fields. The MAT Ph.D. curriculum provides a common foundation of the fields aesthetics, history, and technology through rigorous coursework, seminars, and active participation with the faculty. Each Ph.D. student participates in interdisciplinary projects and performs innovative research, under the supervision of a faculty advisor and committee, leading to a dissertation that exhibits significant and novel research in the students area of specialization. There are three main requirements in order to complete a Ph.D. in Media Arts and Technology: coursework, the qualifying exam, and research leading to a doctoral dissertation (including the dissertation proposal and the dissertation defense). The student advances to candidacy after completion of the coursework requirement and the qualifying exam. Degree Requirements Students entering directly into the PhD without a masters degree must first meet the equivalent course requirement of the MAT masters program, which is 48 units of non-thesisrelated upper-division (100 series undergraduate) and graduate courses. In addition, they must successfully complete a masters thesis or project and present it publicly. Students who enter the PhD program with an MS or MA in a discipline other than MAT are required to take or place out of the MAT core courses. MAT PhD graduates will be expected to have broad knowledge in all fields of digital multimedia and have a deep and current understanding of at least one of these areas. The MAT PhD is not a unit-count degree; rather, it is awarded upon demonstration of academic excellence and performance of original research. Students will complete an individual program of study determined in consultation with their PhD committee. This will typically include a mix of MAT elective courses, seminars, directed reading for research, and dissertation research. Specific course requirements shall be identified on a per-student basis, under advisement with each candidates doctoral committee. It is the responsibility of the students advisor, in consultation with the PhD committee and the MAT graduate advisor, to ensure that the candidate has achieved the appropriate breadth and depth from coursework and independent study. In order to proceed to dissertation research, Ph.D. students must pass a thorough qualifying exam, after completing their coursework.

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The Ph.D. dissertation is a novel and substantial research work that makes a significant contribution to the field. The dissertation is done under the supervision of an MAT faculty advisor (degree committee chair) and the doctoral committee, consisting of three UC ladder-rank faculty (i.e., Assistant, Associate, or full Professor), at least two of whom must be from MAT. Optionally, a fourth member can also serve at the discretion of the degree committee chair. This person can be a Lecturer or anyone from inside or outside UCSB. The committee is nominated by the degree committee chair in consultation with the student and is approved by the graduate dean. The committee must approve a dissertation proposal that describes the proposed research and presents a comprehensive plan for the dissertation. After the dissertation is completed, the committee evaluates the dissertation and the candidates presentation at the dissertation defense; the committees approval indicates that the candidate has successfully defended the dissertation. The Qualifying Exam The MAT qualifying exam is a rigorous comprehensive exam, with both written and oral components, that typically takes place at the end of the second year of the PhD program. The qualifying examination will be designed and administered by at least three ladder faculty (i.e., Assistant, Associate, or full Professor), at least two of whom must be MATaffiliated faculty (0% or greater). Recommendation of the appointment of additional committee members is at the discretion of the department. Consistent with the interdisciplinary nature of the Media Arts and Technology area, the qualifying exam shall consist of three parts: (a) media arts, demonstrating knowledge of the history, theory and discourse, and practice of advanced media arts; (b) media engineering, demonstrating theoretical and technical mastery of media-related science and engineering; and (c) dissertation-specific, demonstrating adequate preparation for research in the knowledge areas particular to the candidates dissertation topic, under advisement with the candidates committee. This may require special preparation in research skills appropriate to the anticipated dissertation topic. The result of a qualifying exam may be pass, conditional pass (some deficiency must be corrected as determined by the committee), or fail (the exam must be retaken within six months). A second failure will result in a recommendation for dismissal from the PhD program. Passing the qualifying exam and the basic course requirements advances the student to candidacy. Once advanced to candidacy, students are typically expected to complete the degree within three years. Dissertation Proposal The next step after the qualifying exam is the dissertation proposal. The dissertation proposal consists of a document and a public presentation. The dissertation proposal should be substantial enough to already reflect your engagement in the research, and demonstrate its feasibility. There is no set time after the qualifying exam to present the dissertation proposal, but it usually takes from a few months to a year to prepare. The details of scope and size should be worked out between a student and his or her advisor.

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It can vary from as few as 15 pages (little work already done) to as many as 100 pages (most of the work already done). The key things are that the candidate clearly articulate what the main problem and challenge is, how it will be approached (including any preliminary work), what the main uncertainties are, and what should be expected of the final product. Once advanced to candidacy, students are typically expected to complete the PhD degree within four years. Some students who have a clear idea of their dissertation topic and a focused plan can finish in substantially less time. Dissertation Research A dissertation is an original, rigorous, and significant contribution to knowledge in the field of Media Arts and Technology. The composite nature of Media Arts and Technology requires sufficient creative latitude in the form of the dissertations pursued. It is anticipated that some dissertations will be content-driven (initiated from artistic or theoretical investigations) while others will be technique-driven (proceeding from scientific and technological investigations). In either case, rigor will be ensured by requiring that both the qualifying exam and the dissertation address all the aspects necessary for a completed work in this field, namely formal and conceptual issues, critical and discursive issues, and scientific and technological issues. Originality shall be demonstrated by a) showing extensive knowledge of current theories and practices in the field, including their history, discourse, and prospect, and b) either addressing a known problem in the field in a new way, or addressing an emerging or new problem that the field has yet to fully recognize. Rigor shall be demonstrated by establishing clear and comprehensive research methods, stating a clear and well thought out hypothesis, carrying out thorough research experimentation to test that hypothesis, and carefully and thoughtfully evaluating the results. In accordance with Academic Senate regulations, a PhD committee consists of at least three UC ladder-faculty members. Two of the committee members must be affiliated with MAT, and the committee chair must be in MAT. In special circumstances, non-UCSB faculty may be proposed as members. The chair of this committee advises the student on a course of study and directs the dissertation research. The committee is nominated by the program chair in consultation with the student and is approved by the graduate deans. The dissertation proposal will occur sometime after successful completion of the qualifying exam. The written proposal must describe the dissertation topic, summarize the relevant background literature and state of the art, and present a comprehensive research plan for the dissertation, to be approved by the committee. In addition to the written document, the student is required to give a public presentation of the dissertation proposal. When the dissertation research is complete and the dissertation is written, the student presents the dissertation defense, a public lecture based on the dissertation. The dissertation must be approved by the committee; it must also meet the filing requirements of the Graduate Division. The PhD is granted when all degree requirements are met. (http://www.mat.ucsb.edu/phd.php)

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6.3.2 Melbourne University: PhD Degree Dissertation and Creative Works Preparation of a thesis Candidates are strongly advised to discuss with their supervisor(s) the style of writing to be used in the thesis before writing begins. The thesis should include a general discussion of the results and findings, and of their significance in relation to the current state of knowledge in the field. At the stage of thesis preparation, the candidate should be able to express themselves with precision, clarity and conciseness. The candidates supervisor must be consulted on the general form and the content of the thesis up to the stage of the final draft. In the case of creative arts disciplines where the thesis takes the form of creative works and a dissertation, the candidate should specify the form and presentation of the thesis, including the proportion to be presented as creative work and the proportion to be presented as a dissertation. Normally the creative work component will not constitute more than 50% of the thesis. The creative work and dissertation must be presented as an integrated, coherent whole. Word limit Where the thesis takes the form of creative works and a dissertation, the integrated thesis should normally represent the equivalent of 80,000 words. The creative work component will be determined between the candidate and the supervisor, be approved by the head of department, and be relevant to the proportion of the thesis submitted as creative work. The length of the dissertation will also depend on what proportion of the thesis it constitutes, but will normally be at least 40,000 words. For the PhD (composition), the folio will constitute 90-120 minutes of music and is weighted at 70%. The accompanying dissertation will be 20-25,000 words and weighted at 30%. The word limit is exclusive of words in tables, maps, bibliographies and appendices. Footnotes are included as part of the word limit. Appendices must be limited to supporting material genuinely subsidiary to the main argument of the thesis. Format of the thesis The creative work may take the form of performance, exhibition, writing (poetry, fiction, script or other written literary forms), design, film, video, multimedia, CD, DVD or other new media technologies and modes of presentation.Where appropriate to the study, the creative work must be comprehensively documented. Either the documentation or the creative work or both must be submitted with the dissertation. The dissertation and the creative work should be considered as complementary, mutually reinforcing parts of a single project. The candidate may argue, however, that the relationship between the two parts contributes to the originality and creativity of the whole. The dissertation should not simply describe the creative work and how it was undertaken. While it will often include information on the materials and methodology used and elucidate the creative work and place it in an artistic, intellectual and/or cultural context, the dissertation must answer to the requirement of every PhD research thesis that it makes an original contribution to knowledge. The format of the creative work component of the thesis will be agreed between the candidate and supervisor, and be approved by the head of department at confirmation. The format of the dissertation component will normally meet the guidelines for a written the-

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sis. Where the creative work component involves a performance (dance, drama, music), a good quality recording of the performance must be included as part of the thesis, or in the case of Music composition, to the folio. Where the creative work component involves exhibited visual art works, good quality photographic reproductions of the work must be included as an appendix to the dissertation. Candidates who have submitted a thesis consisting of creative work, where the creative work is not bound together with the dissertation (e.g. exhibition, performance, poetry, screenplay, novel), shall state: Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (by creative work and dissertation). Candidates who have submitted a thesis consisting of creative work, where the creative work is bound together with the dissertation (e.g. poetry, screenplay, novel), shall state: Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (by creative work and dissertation). Thesis submission Three copies of the dissertation and creative work must be submitted. Four copies must be submitted where three examiners are required to travel to the site of a performance or exhibition, and candidates are required to submit an extended abstract of 1,000-3,000 words to the Chair of Examiners for forwarding to the examiners one week prior to the time of the viewing, unless the dissertation is submitted around the same time as the viewing Examination Where the creative work component includes a performance or exhibition of visual art works, examiners will normally travel to the site of the performance or exhibition. Either two or three examiners will be appointed and the Chair of Examiners will normally attend the performance. Each examiner will be given the candidates dissertation within six months from the time of the viewing. The creative work and dissertation must be examined as an integrated whole. Any additional documentation e.g. video of the performance, must be supplied to the examiners with the dissertation. Standard of examination of creative work In order to pass the examination, and thus qualify as part of the basis for the award of the PhD degree, the creative work must have the following attributes: it demonstrates a professional level of familiarity with and understanding of contemporary work in the field; it demonstrates a sufficiently comprehensive investigation of the artistic form and creative content; the methods and techniques applied in the execution of the work are appropriate to the subject matter and are original and/or aesthetically effective; the creative work is presented in a sufficiently professional manner; the creative work demonstrates a sufficiently high standard of literary, visual, digital, musical or performance literacy and quality; the research question/s has/have been identified and tested through the creative work;

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 the documentation of the work (including catalogue/program material where appropriate) is sufficiently thorough and is of a standard that will ensure the work provides a reference for subsequent researchers; the creative work and the dissertation together constitute a substantive original contribution to knowledge in the subject area with which it deals; there is an appropriate and substantiated interface between the creative work and the dissertation. Examiners are advised that they may ask for creative works to be represented or redocumented if they do not meet the above criteria. (http://gradresearch.unimelb.edu.au/docs/in-detail/Creative_Works_PhD.pdf) 6.3.3 Leiden University, Academy of Creative and Performing Arts and Royal Academy of Art (The Hague): PhD in Arts and Design Applicants must have a Masters of Arts degree or proof of study at a comparable level. English is the working language of PhDArts, and proficiency in both speaking and writing in English is required. The application should be written in English. Because PhDArts is a practice-as-research doctorate, the applicant must first and foremost demonstrate that he is a highly accomplished practitioner in some aspect of the arts and/or design. On a theoretical level, the applicant has to demonstrate that his ideas are already quite wellformed and that he has begun to place his own contribution within the context of existing research or innovative practice. The applicant will need to show a strong sense of intellectual curiosity and be able to justify what the urgency for this particular research is. The PhDArts programme aims to encourage research that is rooted in practice commonly referred to as artistic research or practice-based research. If the applicant is accepted to the PhDArts programme, he should be aware that there is no single, universally accepted definition of practice-based research, whether in arts or in other creative disciplines. As a doctoral student engaging in practice-based research, the researcher will be adding to the body of work that helps to define what practice-based research is. However, the PhDArts team has adopted a working definition of practice-based research, which the applicant should consider carefully when filling out section 2 of the application form. The PhDArts working definition of practice-based research is: Practice-based research, as applied to arts, is research in and through artistic practice and design (for example: fine arts, audiovisual art, design, interior architecture, hybrid forms and interdisciplinary work) where the researchers own practice and critical engagement are integral to the research subject, processes and outcomes. In a doctorate practice-based research, the researcher must therefore demonstrate a high level of artistic creativity, imagination and skill in order for the doctorate to make a substantial and original contribution to knowledge, understanding and art practice. As a guide to PhDArts applicants, the original shared Dublin Descriptors of the 3rd cycle are set out here. [ Dublin Descriptors ]. Doctoral students undergo an interim evaluation at the end of the first year of the programme. The Evaluation Committee (Board of Directors of PhDArts and team of supervisors) will decide

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whether or not the student can continue with the programme. A positive evaluation of the Interim Evaluation will result in the definitive enrolment in the PhDArts programme. http://www.phdarts.eu/Admission/Requirements 6.3.4 University of London: Regulations for Degrees of MPhil and PhD (2006) Thesis for the PhD degree 4.1.1. The scope of the thesis shall be what might reasonably be expected after three or at most four years of full-time study. 4.1.2. The thesis shall: (a) consist of the candidates own account of his/her investigations, the greater proportion of which shall have been undertaken during the period of registration under supervision for the degree; [The part played by the candidate in any work done jointly with the supervisor(s) and/or fellow research workers must be clearly stated by the candidate and certified by the supervisor.] (b) and form a distinct contribution to the knowledge of the subject and afford evidence of originality by the discovery of new facts and/or by the exercise of independent critical power; (c) and be an integrated whole and present a coherent argument; [A series of papers, whether published or otherwise, is not acceptable for submission as a thesis. Research work already published, or submitted for publication, at the time of submission of the thesis, either by the candidate alone or jointly with others, may be included in the thesis. The published papers themselves may not be included in the body of the thesis, but may be adapted to form an integral part of the thesis and thereby make a relevant contribution to the main theme of the thesis.Publications derived from the work in the thesis may be bound as supplementary material at the back of the thesis.] (d) and give a critical assessment of the relevant literature, describe the method of research and its findings, include discussion on those findings and indicate in what respects they appear to the candidate to advance the study of the subject; and, in so doing, demonstrate a deep and synoptic understanding of the field of study, (the candidate being able to place the thesis in a wider context), objectivity and the capacity for judgment in complex situations and autonomous work in that field; (e) and be written in English and the literary presentation shall be satisfactory, although the College at which the candidate is or will be registered may make application for a thesis in the field of modern foreign languages and literatures only to be written in the language of study, to be considered on an exceptional basis by the Subject Area Board in the Humanities; in such cases the thesis shall include additionally a submission of between 10,000 and 20,000 words which shall be written in English and shall summarise the main arguments of the thesis; (f) and not exceed 100,000 words; a College may prescribe a lower number in certain subject areas, which shall be detailed in the relevant College regulations; [Note: the bibliography is excluded from the word count; footnotes are included within the word count;

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appendices are excluded from the word count and should only include material which examiners are not required to read in order to examine the thesis, but to which they may refer if they wish.] (g) and include a full bibliography and references; (h) and demonstrate research skills relevant to the thesis being presented; (i) and be of a standard to merit publication in whole or in part or in a revised form (for example, as a monograph or as a number of articles in learned journals). 4.1.3. In the field of Music a candidate may register to undertake research leading to a thesis submitted in accordance with the normal provisions. Alternatively, a candidate may either (i) submit, as part of a thesis, a portfolio of substantial musical compositions or (ii) register to undertake original research in performance practice. Under (i) the portfolio of substantial musical compositions should show coherence and originality in invention and in the treatment of existing musical techniques; each work shall form the basis for a commentary on its structure and an exposition of the methods employed; and the portfolio should be accompanied by recordings of as many of the works as possible. Under (ii) the thesis may be supplemented by additional evidence in the form of practical performance which exemplifies and illustrates the ideas contained in the written part of the thesis. However presented, this work must be accompanied by an adequate and approved form of retainable documentation (see paragraph 4.3.9. below). 4.1.4. In the fields of Anthropology, Arts and Computational Technology, Fine Art, Design and Media, and Sociology a candidate may either register to undertake research leading to a thesis submitted in accordance with the normal provisions, or register for studio-based research/other audio-visual research/technological research as appropriate. In the latter case the thesis may include a portfolio, exhibition or other audio-visual display. This must be original work which exemplifies and locates the ideas which are developed in conjunction with the written part of the thesis. However presented, this work must be accompanied by an adequate and approved form of retainable documentation (see paragraph 4.3.9. below). 4.1.5. In the field of Drama and Theatre Studies, a candidate may either register to undertake research leading to a thesis submitted in accordance with the normal provisions, or register to undertake original research in performance practice on the understanding that the material is submitted concurrently and is examined as an integrated whole. In the latter case the thesis should include evidence in the form of practical performance which exemplifies and illustrates the ideas contained in the written part of the thesis. However presented, this work must be accompanied by an adequate and approved form of retainable documentation (see paragraph 4.3.9. below). 4.1.6. In the field of English, a candidate may register to undertake research leading to a thesis submitted in accordance with the normal provisions. Alternatively, a candidate may submit, as part of a thesis, an original literary text written specifically for the degree. This text should show coherence and originality and attain a publishable standard, as determined by the examiners, who will include those qualified in academic research as well as in the professional practice of writing. This text shall form the basis for a commentary on its structure, its use of dramatic, narrative or poetic technique, its relation to other literary works, and an exposition of the aims and concerns that lay behind its composition. The commentary should make clear that the candidate is well

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acquainted with the history and contemporary developments of the genre in which he or she is working in the creative portion of the thesis, and the critical field associated with it, and is able independently to analyse, interpret and evaluate debates and theoretical positions associated with it. [] 4.3.7. A thesis must be presented for examination in a final form in typescript or print and be bound in accordance with the instructions issued by the Academic Registrar of the University (see http://www.london.ac.uk/binding). 4.3.8. A request for the thesis to be submitted in A3 format and/or printed on both sides of the page shall be considered in accordance with procedures made by the College of registration and may be approved where there is a demonstrable need. 4.3.9. The form of the retainable documentation submitted by a candidate who is undertaking practice/performance research in accordance with paragraphs 4.1.3. to 4.1.5. or 4.2.3. to 4.2.5. above shall be approved by the College of registration in accordance with the procedures mentioned in the above paragraph. (http://www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck/services/rules/University%20of%20London%20MPhilPhD%20regulations.pdf, pp. 3-8)

6.4 ()
a PhD ought to: be a report of work which others would want to read; tell a compelling story articulately whilst pre-empting inevitable critiques; carry the reader into complex realms, and inform and educate him/her; be suficiently speculative or original to command respectful peer attention (Mullins and Kiley 2002, quoting Winter p. 36, http://www.studentservices.uwa.edu.au/__data/page/65297/Its_a_PhD_not_a_Nobel_Prize.pdf)

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