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 ـــــــــــــــ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ  دا ا را  لا 
ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺎﺒ 

ﺠ ﺎﻫﺭﺩﺼﺘ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻴﻌﻤ ﺔ ﻑﻴﺭﺨ ﻁﺎﺒﺭﻝﺍ ،ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺨﺭﺅﻤﻝﺍ
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
ﺹ ،:

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
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אאאאودא
 يا   يا رآا
 
ا ماو بادا آ هز ا-أد 
ﹰﺎﺣﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻠﻟ ﺔﻘﺋﺎﻓ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻋ ﺎﻬﳜﺭﺎﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻀﳊﺍ ﺖﻟﻭﺃﺓﺮﻣﺎﻋ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﻣ ﹰﺎﺑﺮﻏﻭ ﹰﺎﻗﺮﺷ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﻘﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﳐ ﰲ ﺖﺴﺳﺄﺘﻓ ،ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭﻭ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﻤﻠﻟﺮﻜﻔﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺤﺻﺃ ﺲﻓﺎﻨﺗﻭﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇﻭ ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﲨ ﰲ ﺔﻄﻠﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺳﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﻞﻫﺃﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍﻭﻓﻭﻪﻟ ﺔﻳﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﺪﻬﺸﺗ ﱂ ﺎﻣ ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻷﺍ ﺖﻐﻠﺑ ﺪﻗﻭ ،ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺏﻼﻃ ﻡﺎﻣﺃ ﺎﻬﺤﺘ ﺎﺭﺎﻀﺣ ﺀﺎﻨﺑﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻮﻄﺗﻭ ﺔﻣﻷﺍ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ﺱﺎﺳﺃ ﻉﺍﺪﺑﻹﺍﻭ ﻒﻴﻟﺄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺀﺎﻔﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ،ﹰﻼﻴﺜﻣﺔﻤﻴﻈﻌﻟﺍ.ﺍﻮﻫﻮﻧﻭ ،ﻥﻮﻗﺮﺸﺘﺴﳌﺍﻭ ﻥﻮﺳﺭﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻬﺷﻭ ﻩﻮﻘﺛﻭﻭ ﻥﻮﺧﺭﺆﳌﺍ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻞﺠﺳ ﺪﻗﻭﻪﺑ
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[1]
(
ﺓﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻮﺜﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺜﻳﺪﳊﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻀﳊﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺖﻴﻨﺑ ﹰﺎﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻩﻭﱪﺘﻋﺍﻭ ،
)
[2]
(
. ﻥﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇﻭﻒﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻝﺎﺣ ﰲ ﻡﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺖﺤﺿﺃ ﺎﺈﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻷﺍ ﻲﺿﺎﻣ ﺍﺬﻫﻦﻣ ﺭﺎﺼﻓ ،ﺔﻠﻫﺬﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﻛﺍﻮﻣ ﻦﻋ ﺮﺧﺄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﳌﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻀﳊﺍ ﺐﻛﺮﻟﺍ ﻦﻋﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﺻﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻞﻐﺘﺴﺗﻭ ﺎﻫﺮﺼﻋ ﺐﻛﺍﻮﺗﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﺩﺮﺘﺴﺘﻟ ﺎﺎﻓ ﺎﻣ ﻙﺍﺭﺪﺘﺳﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺢﻠﳌﺍﻨﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻜﺘﺒﳌﺍ ﺎﻬﺤﻴﺘﺗﻦﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﺼﻔﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺓﻮﳍﺍ ﺺﻴﻠﻘﺗﻭ ﻞﻠﳋﺍ ﻙﺭﺍﺪﺗ ﰲ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ،ﺔﻴ ﺓﺪﺋﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﻢﻣﻷﺍ. ﺪﻌﺗﻭ ،ﺔﺒﻘﺗﺮﳌﺍ ﺔﻀﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻞﺧﺍﺪﻣ ﻢﻫﺃ ﺪﺣﺃ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻝﻭﺍﺪﺗﻭ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﳌﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻟﻭﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺮﻓﻮﺘﻳ ﺎﲟ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﺀﺎﻋﻭ ﻲﻫ ﺫﺇ ،ﻑﺪﳍﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ ﺓﺪﻤﺘﻌﳌﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﻠﻃ ﰲ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍ
 
 ـــــــــــــــ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ  دا ا را  لا 
ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺎﺒ 

ﺠ ﺎﻫﺭﺩﺼﺘ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻴﻌﻤ ﺔ ﻑﻴﺭﺨ ﻁﺎﺒﺭﻝﺍ ،ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺨﺭﺅﻤﻝﺍ

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
ﺹ ،:

-

.
 
ﺹﻮﺼﻧﻭ ﻖﺋﺎﺛﻭﻭ ﺐﺘﻛ ﻦﻣ...ﰲ ﺓﺮﺿﺎﺣ ،ﺔﻓﺮﻌﳌﺍ ﺏﺎﺴﺘﻛﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﺓﺰﻴﻛﺭ ﺎﺃ ﺎﻤﻛﺪﻴﻟﻮﺘﺑ ﺀﺎﻬﺘﻧﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗﻭ ﺎﻬﺻﻼﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﰒ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﱃﺇ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺫﺎﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﺣﺍﺮﻣ ﻊﻴﲨﺓﺪﻳﺪﳉﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﳌﺍ
)
[3]
(
. ﺔﻄﺒﺗﺮﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺸﺘﻛﻻﺍ ﺮﺗﺍﻮﺗﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﺮﺘﺨﳌﺍ ﺩﺍﺮﻃﺍ ﺚﻳﺪﳊﺍ ﺮﺼﻌﻟﺍ ﺪﻬﺷ ﺪﻗﻭﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻖﺋﺎﻋ ﺯﻭﺎﲡ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻨﻜﻣ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻄﳌﺍ ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﺍ ﺬﻨﻣ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻣ ﺭﻮﻄﺘﺑﻬﻇ ﺎﻫﲑﺛﺄﺗﻭ ﺎﻮﻗ ﰲ ﻕﻮﻔﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻫﺬﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺜﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ،ﺱﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻀﻳﺮﻋ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟ ﺎﻬﺘﺣﺎﺗﺇﻭﺭﻮ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺜﻟﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻄﻟﺍ:ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﱐﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺮﺸﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺛﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟﺍ)ﺖﻴﻧﺮﺘﻧﻷﺍ(ﺕﺯﺮﺑﻭ ،ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﻤﻠﻟ ﻱﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﳌﺍ ﰲ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻞﻛ ﺮﺛﺃﻭ ﻝﻼﻐﺘﺳﺍ ﰲ ﺖﻠﺜﲤ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﺓﺭﻮﻄﺘﻣ ﺔﺜﻳﺪﺣ ﻕﺮﻃﻭ ﺓﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺍﺭﻮﺼﺗﻻﺍﻭ ﺏﻮﺳﺎﳊﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺗﰲ ﺔﻳﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺪﺣﻭ ﻥﺎﻜﳌﺍﻭ ﻦﻣﺰﻟﺍ ﺰﺟﺍﻮﺣ ﻲﻄﲣ ﰲ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺗﻞﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﺼﻘﺘﺳﻻﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ. ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻀﳊﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻣﻮﻤﳏﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﺣ ﺔﺴﻓﺎﻨﻣ ﹰﺎﻴﻟﺎﺣ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺪﻬﺸﺗﻭﻪﺤﻴﺘﺗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺮﻓﻭﻷﺍ ﺰﻴﳊﺍ ﻞﻐﺷﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻝﻼﻐﺘﺳﻻ ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ،ﺔﻴﺗﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍﺖﻛﺭﺎﺷﻭ ﻮﻜﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺎﺮﺟﺃ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺎﺜﻣ ﻰﻠﺟﺃ ﻞﻌﻟﻭﺎﻬﻴﻓ39ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺯﱪﺗﻭ ،ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﳓﺃ ﻒﻠﺘﳐ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻌﻣﺎﺟﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻃﻭ ﺔﻧﺍﺰﺧﻭ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣﻥﺃ48
%
ﺀﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ)ﻱﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺑ ﺲﻴﻟ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﺇ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺑ ﺙﻼﺛ ﺎﻬﻨﻣﻟﺎﻣﻭ ﺎﻴﺴﻴﻧﻭﺪﻧﺃﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺇ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻋ ﺔﻟﻭﺩﺎﻳﺰﻴ (ﻊﻳﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﰲ ﻞﻤﻌﺗ ﺔﻨﻤﻗﺭ
Digitalisation
ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺔﻴﺛﺍﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﺎﻳﻮﺘﳏ52
%
ﺭﻮﻃ ﰲ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺒﻠﻏﺃ ﺖﻟﺍﺯ ﻻﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻛ ،ﻉﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎﻄﻄﳐ ﻊﺿﻭ ﰲ ﲑﻜﻔﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ42
%
ﻊﻳﺭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻦﻣﺔﻨﺳ ﰲ ﺖﻌﺿﻭ1995-1996
)
[4]
(
.ﺎﻬﺘﻓﺎﻘﺛ ﻢﻋﺪﻟ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﳌﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﻰﻌﺴﺗ ﻚﻟﺫ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﺇﺔﺻﻼﺧﻭ ﺎﻬﺛﺍﺮﺗ ﻢﻀﺗ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ ﺙﺍﺪﺣﺈﺑ ،ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺭﺎﻀﺣﻭ ﺎﻫﺮﻜﻓﻭ
 
 ـــــــــــــــ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ  دا ا را  لا 
ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺎﺒ 

ﺠ ﺎﻫﺭﺩﺼﺘ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻴﻌﻤ ﺔ ﻑﻴﺭﺨ ﻁﺎﺒﺭﻝﺍ ،ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺨﺭﺅﻤﻝﺍ

-

ﺹ ،:

-

.
 
ﻢﺟﺎﻌﻣﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺳﻮﻣﻭ ﻊﺟﺍﺮﻣﻭ ﻖﺋﺎﺛﻭﻭ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻣ ﻦﻣ ؛ﺎﻬﺘﻓﺎﻘﺛﻭ ﺎﻫﺮﻜﻓ...ﺔﻳﺮﺼﺑ ﺔﻴﻌﲰ ﺩﺍﻮﻣﻭﻴﺗﻮﺻ ﺕﻼﻴﺠﺴﺗﻭ ﻡﻼﻓﺃﻭ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻣﺔﻴﻘﻴﺳﻮﻣﻭ ﺔ ...  ﻊﻗﺍﻮﳌﺍ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇﻭ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺸﻨﻟﺍ ﺩﺮﺠﲟ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻣ ﺔﺴﻓﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺪﻌﺗ ﱂﻭﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﱃﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺯﻭﺎﲡ ﻞﺑ ،ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﳌﺍ ﺮﺸﻧ ﱃﺇ ﻑﺪ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﺼﺼﺨﺘﳌﺍﻭ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﲑﺜﻜﻟﺍﺔﻴﻠﺋﺎﺧ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﻣ
)
[5]
(
 ﻰﻠﻋ ﻖﺋﺎﺛﻮﻟﺍﻭ ﺹﻮﺼﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﲡ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺪﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﺛﻮﻣ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻋ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ ﻲﻫﻭﺔﺼﺼﺨﺘﻣﻭ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺘﻣ ،ﲔﻤﺘﻬﳌﺍ ﲔﺤﻔﺼﺘﻤﻠﻟ ﺎﻫﲑﻓﻮﺘﻟ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻣ ﻢﻈﻧ ﻖﻓﻭ ﺎﻬﺒﻴﺗﺮﺗﻭ ﺎﳍﺎﻜﺷﺃ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﺗ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺮﺑ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺑ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻄﺒﺗﺮﻣﻭ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻜﺘﻣﻭ.ﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻦﻣﻭﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣ ﻝﺎﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺓﺪﺋﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻰﻤﺴﳌﺍ ﺎﻬﻋﻭﺮﺸﻣﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺱﺮﻐﻧﻮﻜﻟﺍﺔﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ
LIBRARYDIGITALAMERICAN
)
[6]
(
.ﺔﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍﻭﺎﻬﻌﻗﻮﻣﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻧﺮﻔﻟﺍ
GALLICA
)
[7]
(
.ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺒﺳﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍﻭ
)
[8]
(
 ﺲﺘﻧﺎﻓﲑﺳ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣﻭﻚﻟﺬﻛ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺒﺳﻹﺍ
CERVANTESVIRTUAL
)
[9]
(
ﺓﲑﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻫﲑﻏﻭﺔﻋﻮﻨﺘﳌﺍﻭ.ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻉﻭﺮﺸﻣ ﱃﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺷﻹﺍ ﻞﻔﻐﻧ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺩ
Bibliothecauniversalis
ﻦﻤﺿ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﹰﺎﻌﻴﻨﺼﺗ ﺮﺜﻛﻷﺍ ﻊﺒﺴﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻗ ﻪﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻱﺬﻟﺍﺸﻣﺔﻨﺳ ﰐﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺍ ﻉﻭﺮ 1995ﻝﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺮﻜﻓ ﻡﺪﻘﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍﻭ-ﰊﺮﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻜﻔﻟﺍ ﻱﺃ- ﹰﺎﻴﻧﻮﻛ ﹰﺍﺮﻜﻓ ﻪﻧﻮﻛ ﺱﺎﺳﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ
)
[10]
(
. ﺨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﺖﻠﻤﻋ ﻞﺑ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺮﺼﺘﻘﻳ ﱂﻭﺔﻣﺪﻘﺘﳌﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻂﻴﻄ ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﻀﺘﻟ ﻪﺑﺮﻏﻭ ﻪﻗﺮﺷ ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺔﻴﻠﺋﺎﺧ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﻣ ﻊﻳﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻰﻠﻋﺙﺍﺮﺗ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ﺎﻮﻛ ﰲ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺓﺭﻮﻄﺧ ﺯﱪﺗﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺭﺩﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺪﺋﺍﺮﳉﺍﻭ ﺕﻼﺍﻭﻑﺎﺼﻧﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻗﺪﻟﺍ ﻢﻋﻷﺍ ﺐﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺐﻧﺎﲡ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺏﺮﻐﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻮﺼﺗ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺎﻫﺮﻜﻓﻭ ﺔﻣﻷﺍ.ﻦﻣﻭﻩﺬﻫ ﺝﺫﺎﳕﻉﻭﺮﺸﻣ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍ"ﺐﻴﻟﺎﻨﻴﻣ
Menalib
ﻝﺎﴰﻭ ﻂﺳﻭﻷﺍ ﻕﺮﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺋﺎﳋﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌﺍﺎﻴﻘﻳﺮﻓﺇ"
- the Virtual Library Middle East-North Africa
ﻱﺬﻟﺍﺮﺑﻮﺘﻛﺃ ﺬﻨﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﳌﻷﺍ ﱄﺎﻫ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻩﺰﺠﻨﺗ2000ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﻑﺪﻬﺘﺴﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍﻭ ،
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