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INDIAN MANAGEMENT THOUGHTS AND PRACTICES
MANAGEMENT PROCESS
 The elements of management—planning, organizing, staffing,directing, motivating and controlling—are universally applicable toall joint or collective enterprises. In short, management involves:(1) Managing the enterprise, (2) Managing the managers, and(3) Managing the works and the workers.In a typical business organization the mix of planning, organizing,leading and controlling will vary according to level of management. At the higher level, planning is the major function,organizing next, leading and controlling is less important.At the lower level of management, leading and controlling are of major importance. Planning is of short-term nature, andorganizing is limited.
FLOW OF PRODUCTS, SERVICES AND SATISFACTION TO THEENVIRONMENT
A business enterprise is an organization system with (a) inputs (b)processing (c) outputs and (d) feedback to the environment andthe organization. Emphasis is upon the firm as a whole ratherthan as a collection if separate departments such asmanufacturing, finance, personnel, sales, etc. The flow of theproducts, services and satisfaction to the environment areexplained in 2 steps.
Fig1.1: Flow Of Products, Services & Satisfaction to the Environment.
Feedback To theOrganizationFeedback to theInputs are received Organizationfrom the environment
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INPUTS
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Customer  Needs &Desires
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Degree of competition
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Scienceand
PROCESSINGOUTPUTS
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Products
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Services
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Information
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Satisfaction
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Mone
PlanningControllingOrganizingMotivating
 
INDIAN MANAGEMENT THOUGHTS AND PRACTICES
Fig1.2 : Elements involved in the process
Organizational system has subsystems mutually interconnectedand interdependent. Organization has its own environment. It getsinput from the environment: people, capital, managerial andtechnical skill and knowledge. In addition many group of peoplemake demand on the enterprise, e.g. higher pay for employees,reliable products at reasonable price for consumers. Higherdividend for shareholders, quality of life for community etc.Management leads and co-ordinates all other subsystems, utilizesinputs, transforms them through managerial functions and offersoutputs in the form of goods, services and satisfaction to themembers of the environment. Integration of goals is an importantoutput. These goals are divergent and also conflicting.Management resolve conflicts and integrates these goals.Integration of goals of the various claimants to the enterprise is avital managerial task at present.Quality of work and quality of life at work are the twin goals.Some of the outputs become inputs again. For instance, employee
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PROCESSINGTECHNICALSUBSYSTEM
INFORMATIONSUBSYSTEM
HUMANSUBSYSTEMFINANCESUBSYTEMBUSINESSMANAGEMENTINPUTSOUTPUTS
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