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i
Dynamic Power System Load
Estimation of Parameters fromOperational Data
Inés Romero Navarro
Doctoral Dissertation in Industrial Electrical EngineeringDepartment of Industrial Electrical Engineeringand Automation
 
iiDepartment of Industrial Electrical Engineering and AutomationLund UniversityP.O. Box 118SE-221 00 LUNDSWEDENhttp://www.iea.lth.seISBN 91-88934-37-3CODEN: LUTEDX/(TEIE-1045)/1-275/(2005)© Inés Romero Navarro, 2005Printed in Sweden by Media-Tryck Lund UniversityLund, 2005
 
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Abstract
The significance of load modeling for voltage stability studies has beenemphasized by several disturbances, which have taken place in the pastyears. They have shown that the loads in combination with other dynamicsare among the main contributors of prolonged low voltage conditions,voltage instability and collapse in the power system. As a result of thesedisturbances new investigations have come up to better understand thenature of the load. However, power system loads keep being very difficultto model; the load generally aggregates a large number of individualcomponents of different nature, different load dynamics are exciteddepending on the time frame of actuation and the type of disturbanceaffecting the system, and the load is highly dependent on external factorssuch as weather conditions.This thesis investigates the load-voltage characteristic during two differenttime scales, long-term over several minutes, and short-term covering ms toseveral seconds, for different sized disturbances, and its impact on thecalculation of transfer limits and security margins in voltage stabilitystudies. The accurate determination of transfer limits will be an increasinglyimportant task to maintain the operational security and economic dispatchof the power system. The location of the stability limits and thedetermination of transfer limits depend on the load-voltage characteristicsince load relief due to the load-voltage dependency results in larger transfer limits. Moreover, the importance of using dynamic load modelsinstead of static ones in stability studies is highlighted in this thesis.Due to the large amount of electrical heating loads in Sweden and its effecton voltage stability, a dynamic load model with exponential recovery, previously proposed by Hill and Karlsson, [Karlsson and Hill, 1994], has been the starting point for the investigations. Field measurements fromcontinuous normal operation at the 20 kV-level from a substation in Sweden
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