The Density of a Fluid Changes With Temperature and Pressure
Density and change in Temperature
When temperature is changed the density of a fluid can be expressed as
ρ1 = ρ0 / (1 + β (t1 - t0)) (1)
where
ρ1 = final density (kg/m3)
ρ0 = initial density (kg/m3)
β = volumetric temperature expansion coefficient (m3/m3 oC)
t1 = final temperature (oC)
t0 = initial temperature (oC)
Volumetric Temperature Coefficients - β
• water : 0.0002 (m3/m3 oC) at 20oC
• ethyl alcohol : 0.0011 (m3/m3 oC)
Note! - volumetric temperature coefficients varies strongly with temperature.
Density and change in Pressure
When pressure is changed the density of a fluid can be expressed as
ρ1 = ρ0 / (1 - (p1 - p0) / E) (2)
where
E = bulk modulus fluid elasticity (N/m2)
ρ1 = final density (kg/m3)
ρ0 = initial density (kg/m3)
p1 = final pressure (N/m2)
p0 = initial pressure (N/m2)
Bulk Modulus Fluid Elasticity some common Fluids - E
• water : 2.15 109 (N/m2)
• ethyl alcohol : 1.06 109 (N/